tom‘s patents have spent ___money on his education

thousands og patents have been granted for what are called business methods.
这句话怎么翻译啊,句型结构分析一下,谢谢了

英语翻译
Apple is alleging infringement on eight of its patents,paired back from dozens after Judge Lucy Koh asked the electronics giants to at least make an effort to streamline their cases again stone another.

英语作文
YOU are very upset after an argument with your patents.Write a letter to Nancy about it and ask her for advice（about 80 words）

it"has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents."
class of class of后面不是应该加单数吗,为什么patent要加s

Later,more established companies raced to add such patents to their files,if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.这里if only表示什么呀,应该不是虚拟语气吧

英语翻译
the justices signaled that too
many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious,两个that指什么?

英语翻译
One of the challenges with using patents to measure innovation is
that the propensity to patent may vary with industry,resulting in a potential source of bias.

Thomas Alva Edison was awarded more patents on inventions than any other American. When he died in 1931, Americans wondered how they could best show their respect for him. One suggestion was that the nation observed a minute or two of total blackout. All electric power would be shut off in homes, streets and factories.
Perhaps this suggestion made Americans realize fully what Edison and his inventions meant to them. Electric power was too important to the country. Shutting it off for even a short time would have led to complete confusion. A blackout was out of the question.
On the day of Edison’s funeral, many people silently dimmed their lights. In this way they honored the man who had done more than anyone else to put the great force of electricity at his countrymen’s fingertips.
1). People decided to honor Edison when
A. he made the first electric light.
B. electric power was 100 years old
C. the country realized electricity’s importance
D. he died in 1931
2). The suggestion was to
A. turn off the lights in factories and schools
B. observe a few minutes of total silence
C. dim all electric lights
D. shut off all electricity for a short time
3). Americans fully realized what Edison’s inventions meant when they
A. heard of his death
B. heard of the plan to honor him
C. first used electric power
D. tired to carry out the plan
4). The plan was never carried out because
A. not everyone wanted to honor Edison
B. it was too difficult
C. electric power was too important to the country
D. in honored only one of Edison’s inventions
5). Which of the following statement is incorrect?
A. Thomas Alva Edison was awarded more patents on inventions than any other American.
B. On the day of Edison’s funeral, many people silently dimmed their lights.
C. This passage talks about the process of Edison’s invention of electricity
D. On the day of Edison’s funeral, many people silently opened their lights.

Thomas Alva Edison (爱迪生)was awarded more patents（专利） on inventions than any other American. When he died in 1931, Americans wondered how they could best show their respect for him. One suggestion was that the nation observe a minute or two of total blackout(关闭，中断). All electric power(电源) would be shut off in homes, streets, and factories. Perhaps his suggested plan made Americans realize fully what Edison and his inventions mean to them. Electric power was too important to the country. Shutting it off for even a short time would have led to complete confusion（混乱）. A blackout was out of the question. On the day of Edison’s funeral (葬礼),many people silently dimmed(使暗淡) their lights. In this way they honoured the man who had done more than anyone else to the great force of electrity 小题1: This says that Thomas Edison __________. A．was the only important American inventor B．received the first American patent C．received more patents than any other American D．was the first American inventor 小题2: People decided to honor Edison when ________. A．he made the first electric light B．electric power was 100 years C．the country realized electricity’s importance D．he died in 1931 小题3: The suggested plan was to _________. A．turn off the lights in factories B．observe a few minutes of total silence C．dim all electric lights D．shut off all electricity for a short time 小题4: The plan was never carried out because________. A．not everyone wanted to honor Edison B．it was too difficult[来源:Zxxk.Com] C．electric power was too important to the country D．it honored only one of Edison’s inventions

英语疑惑
Over the past decade,thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods
perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage
：都是 have been 为什么有的后面接的是动词（ granted ）有的是名词（decline）,动词的好理解,是现在完成时.可是名词看着就别扭,有 have been 后面加名词的吗?

Where ___ your patents patents read books?A.does B.do C.are D.am

Thomas Alva Edison was awarded more patents on inventions than any other American.When he died in 1931,Americans wondered how they could best show their respect for him.One suggestion was that the nation observed a minute or two of total blackout.All electric power would be shut off in homes,streets and factories.
Perhaps this suggestion made Americans realize fully what Edison and his inventions meant to them.Electric power was too important to the country.Shutting it off for even a short time would have led to complete confusion.A blackout was out of the question.
On the day of Edison’s funeral,many people silently dimmed their lights.In this way they honored the man who had done more than anyone else to put the great force of electricity at his countrymen’s fingertips.
1).People decided to honor Edison when
A.he made the first electric light.
B.electric power was 100 years old
C.the country realized electricity’s importance
D.he died in 1931
2).The suggestion was to
A.turn off the lights in factories and schools
B.observe a few minutes of total silence
C.dim all electric lights
D.shut off all electricity for a short time
3).Americans fully realized what Edison’s inventions meant when they
A.heard of his death
B.heard of the plan to honor him
C.first used electric power
D.tired to carry out the plan
4).The plan was never carried out because
A.not everyone wanted to honor Edison
B.it was too difficult
C.electric power was too important to the country
D.in honored only one of Edison’s inventions
5).Which of the following statement is incorrect?
A.Thomas Alva Edison was awarded more patents on inventions than any other American.
B.On the day of Edison’s funeral,many people silently dimmed their lights.
C.This passage talks about the process of Edison’s invention of electricity
D.On the day of Edison’s funeral,many people silently opened their lights.

一道英语选择,我搞不清楚了,
Copyrights are similar to patents _____ that they are applied to artistic works.
[A] except [B] besides
‍
我选B,我的是理由except意“除……之外（不再有）”；
besides意为“除……之外（还有）”.