hope wish 的区别

hope 及物动词 vt. 1.希望,盼望[+to-v][Y][+that] I hope that he will succeed. 我期望他会成功。 I hope to see you and your family soon. 我期待不久能见到你和你的家人。 不及物动词 vi. 1.希望,期待[(+for)] Everyone hopes for snow. 人人盼望下雪。 名词 n. 1.希望,期望[U][C][(+of)] You mustn't give up hope. 你一定不要绝望。 2.可能性;期待[U][C][(+of)](+that) You have no hope of being accepted. 你不可能被接受。 We have a slim hope of success. 我们有一线成功的希望。 3.被寄托希望的人(或物)[C] You are my only hope. 你是我唯一的希望。

填WISH啊,这个我应该可以肯定,网上就这样用滴,不信自己去GOOGLE上查.两词都表示"希望",但在用法上有相同和不同之处,不能随意互换.
一、相同之处
1.都可接不定式作宾语.
We wish to see the film.
我们都希望看那部电影.
The children hope to do something for the old man.
这些孩子希望为这位老人做些事情.
2.都能以某些代词作宾语.
That's what you have wished.
那就是你所希望的.
You can't hope much from such people.
对于这样的人,我们的希望不能过多.
3.都能与介词for连用,后接名词或某些不定代词,表示"希望得到""祈求".
Do you hope for peace?
你希望和平吗?
Do you wish for anything better?
你希望得到更好的东西吗?
4.都可与过去过完成时连用,表示本来想做而没做成.
I had hoped to come here,but I couldn't.
我本来希望来这里,但没能做到.
He had wished to finish it on time,but he didn't.
他希望按时完成这件事,但没有.
5.都用于It is / was to be…that的句型中.
It is to be hoped that she will get full marks in English.
希望她会在英语考试中得到满分.
It is to be wished that the problem will soon be solved.
希望这个问题很快会得到解决.
二、不同之处
1.wish作为及物动词,可接名词或代词作宾语,hope则不能.
Do you wish a pen or a book?
你要的是钢笔还是书?
2.wish能接双宾语表示祝愿,hope则不能.
I wish you success.我祝你成功.
3.wish能接复合宾语,hope则不能.
I wish you to go with me.
我希望你同我一道去.
4.wish和hope都能接that引导的从句,但wish后的从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气（动词用过去时,或过去完成时）,hope则用所需要的时态.
I hope that he will win the game.
我希望他会赢得这场比赛.
I wish that I knew the answer.
我希望我知道这个答案.
I wish I had bought it yesterday.
我希望昨天买了它.
5.hope可与so或not连用,分别代替一个具有肯定和否定意义的宾语从句,以免重复,wish则不能.
-Will it be fine tomorrow?
-I hope so.
-Will it rain tomorrow?
-I hope not.
三、wish,hope都可作名词,可数或不可数均可,wish表示"愿望""心愿""祝愿",hope表示"希望".
1.My wish is to become a doctor.
我的愿望是当一名医生.
2.It is said that they have realized their wishes.
据说他们已实现了他们的愿望.
3.I have no (not much) wish to see him.
我并不（不大）想见他.
4.Send him my best wishes.
请代我向他致意.
5.Where there is life there is hope.
有生命就有希望.
6.There is a hope of success.
有成功的希望.
7.He has some hope (s) of success.
他有成功的希望.
能力有限,只能帮到这啦,你听听别人滴意见吧,说一句,你可真刻苦,

两者之后均可接动词不定式,但含义略有差别：hope 后接不定式表示一种期待和心愿,常译为“希望能”；wish 之后接不定式只表示一种心愿,常译为“想要”(与 want 含义接近).
例句：
He hopes to go abroad.他希望能出国.
He wishes to go abroad.他想出国.

简单说来,hope的语气比wish强烈些,wish后边多半跟的是未来的事情或者可能性很小的事情.
至于语法方面,楼上的朋友已经回答的很全面了.
不为了别的,只为了让你看着简单化些

1 wish SB TO DO,HOPE TO DO（没有SB）
2such as 只用在句中,且紧跟名词性词组.另两个非常灵活
3朗文词典未给明辨析,高中阶段也未曾有重点说明,可认为相同!1

相同之处 1.都可接不定式作宾语.We wish to see the film.我们都希望看那部电影.The children hope to do something for the old man.这些孩子希望为这位老人做些事情.2.都能以某些代词作宾语.That's what you have wished.那就是你所希望的.You can't hope much from such people.对于这样的人,我们的希望不能过多.3.都能与介词for连用,后接名词或某些不定代词,表示"希望得到""祈求".Do you hope for peace?你希望和平吗?Do you wish for anything better?你希望得到更好的东西吗?4.都可与过去过完成时连用,表示本来想做而没做成.I had hoped to come here,but I couldn't.我本来希望来这里,但没能做到.He had wished to finish it on time,but he didn't.他希望按时完成这件事,但没有.5.都用于It is / was to be…that的句型中.It is to be hoped that she will get full marks in English.希望她会在英语考试中得到满分.It is to be wished that the problem will soon be solved.希望这个问题很快会得到解决.二、不同之处 1.wish作为及物动词,可接名词或代词作宾语,hope则不能.Do you wish a pen or a book?你要的是钢笔还是书?2.wish能接双宾语表示祝愿,hope则不能.I wish you success.我祝你成功.3.wish能接复合宾语,hope则不能.I wish you to go with me.我希望你同我一道去.4.wish和hope都能接that引导的从句,但wish后的从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气（动词用过去时,或过去完成时）,hope则用所需要的时态.I hope that he will win the game.我希望他会赢得这场比赛.I wish that I knew the answer.我希望我知道这个答案.I wish I had bought it yesterday.我希望昨天买了它.5.hope可与so或not连用,分别代替一个具有肯定和否定意义的宾语从句,以免重复,wish则不能.-Will it be fine tomorrow?-I hope so.-Will it rain tomorrow?-I hope not.三、wish,hope都可作名词,可数或不可数均可,wish表示"愿望""心愿""祝愿",hope表示"希望".1.My wish is to become a doctor.我的愿望是当一名医生.2.It is said that they have realized their wishes.据说他们已实现了他们的愿望.3.I have no (not much) wish to see him.我并不（不大）想见他.4.Send him my best wishes.请代我向他致意.5.Where there is life there is hope.有生命就有希望.6.There is a hope of success.有成功的希望.7.He has some hope (s) of success.他有成功的希望.

I hope＋从句的.当我希望的东西现在（或过去）还没有实现时,用虚拟语气.
虚拟语气
一、概念
[Subjunctive Mood]
中文译作"虚拟语气".它是一种动词形式,表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义.
二、语法结构
1.if结构（非真实条件句——表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况）

与..事实相反 If从句 主句
过去 Had done Would* have done
现在 Were/did Would* do
将来 Should do/were/were to do Would* do
例句：If there hadn’t been much rain in spring, we would have had a good harvest now. [过去]
If he smoked less, his cough might be well soon. [现在]
If the lecturer should be late, you would have to make a speech first. [将来]
备注：
（1）上表中’would*’可转换为should、could、might.
（2) 如果为时间错综句的话,左右两栏可互相搭配,排列组合.
例句：
He would still be alive today if he hadn’t taken that drug.
[与现在事实相反] [与过去事实相反]
(3) if可转换为其他形式
例句：Without your advice, our meeting wouldn’t have been so successfully. [过去]
（=>可转换为：If there hadn’t been your advice, we …）
Your notes are almost illegible (难以辨认的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [将来]
(=> 可转换为：If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.)
I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[过去]
(=> 可转换为：If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..)
2、wish结构
与..事实相反
过去 Had done
现在 Were/did
将来 Would

备注：可转换为其他形式.
例句：He talks as if (好像) he had done all the work himself. [过去]
I wish I were a bird.
I wish he handn' done that.
I wish I would be rich in the future.
3、should结构
从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成.而且should可以省去.用于此结构的动词有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest,intend等.
例句：The teacher suggest he (should) read English aloud.
注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,显示”时,不用虚拟语气.
例句：The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.
4、would rather ＋从句
在这种结构中,从句的谓语动词用过去形式表示虚拟.
例句：I would rather you did this instead of me.
5、主语从句中的虚拟语气
1）It be + 形容词 + that ．．．（should）．．．
用于该句型的形容词是：necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny,
strange, surprising ．
一些名词也可以用于 在该结构中.如：a pity, no wonder．．．．
2）It be + 过去分词 + that ．．．（should）．．．．
用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词.如：desired, suggested, requested,
ordered, proposed等.
3）It is time（about time, high time）that ．．．（过去式动词形式或should＋动词原形）．．．．
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now.
6、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要有内涵的名词后面的表语从句、同
位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气.其谓语动词应用：should＋原形动词.另外连接从句的that不能省
略.
例：My suggestion is that we should go there at once.
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?

三、使用范围及判断
1、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设.该语法主要用于if条件状语从句.也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等.
2、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句.只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气.通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反.通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反.②与现在事实相反.③与将来事实可能相反.
3、“后退一步法”
后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态.即：在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”.也就是：
1）与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示.
2）与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示.
3）与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示.
主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式.
例：If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out.
四、注意事项
1.if条件从句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序.

2、在现代英语中if条件状语从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were.
3、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气,按“后退一步法”处理从句的谓语动词.注意：与哪个事实相反,不能以主句的时态为判断依据,而是根据从句的意义判断.

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