"涂鸦"一词来自什么时候?

涂鸦：
Graffiti (singular:graffito; the plural is used as a mass noun) is the name for images or lettering scratched,scrawled,painted or marked in any manner on property.Graffiti is any type of public markings that may appear in the forms of simple written words to elaborate wall paintings.Graffiti has existed since ancient times,with examples dating back to Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire[1].In modern times,spray paint,normal paint and markers have become the most commonly used materials.In most countries,defacing property with graffiti without the property owner's consent is considered vandalism,which is punishable by law.Sometimes graffiti is employed to communicate social and political messages.To some,it is an art form worthy of display in galleries and exhibitions; to others it is merely vandalism.Graffiti has since evolved into a pop culture existence often related to underground hip hop music and b-boying creating a lifestyle that remains hidden from the general public.[2] Graffiti is used as a gang signal to mark territory or to serve as an indicator or "tag" for gang-related activity.The controversies that surround graffiti continue to create disagreement amongst city officials/ law enforcement and graffitists looking to display their work in public locations.There are many different types and styles of graffiti and it is a rapidly developing artform whose value is highly contested,being reviled by many authorities while also subject to protection,sometimes within the same jurisdiction.
街头篮球：
Streetball is a less formal variant of basketball,played on playgrounds and in gymnasiums around the world.Often only one half of the court is used,but otherwise the rules of the game are very similar to those of basketball.The number of participants in a game,or a run,may range from one defender and one person on offense (known as one on one) to two full teams of five each as in professional or collegiate basketball.It is common to hear player arriving at streetball game to call out "next" indicating they are claiming the right to play in the next game.
Streetball is a very popular game worldwide,[citation needed] and some cities in the United States have organized streetball programs,such as midnight basketball.Many cities also host their own weekend-long streetball tournaments.Hoop-It-Up and the Houston Rockets' Blacktop Battle are two of the most popular.In recent years,streetball has seen an increase in media exposure through television shows such as ESPN's "Streetball" and "City Slam",as well as traveling exhibitions such as the AND1 Mixtape Tour and Ball4Real.
说唱,嘻哈：
Hip hop as a cultural movement manifest in B-boying (breakdancing),graffiti writing,DJing and eMCeeing – is an artistic commitment to seize freedom from oppressive social conditions.This artistic commitment inherent in Hip Hop culture expresses a reality of human transcendence which was originally born out of the creative impulse and cultural improvisation of the oppressed African American,Afro-Caribbean and Latino American communities of New York City(with the South Bronx as the epicenter) in the late 1970s.[1][2][3][1][4] It was DJ Afrika Bambaataa that outlined the five pillars of hip-hop culture:MCing,DJing,breaking,graffiti writing,and knowledge.[5][6][7][8] Other elements include beatboxing,hip hop fashion,and slang.Since first emerging in the Bronx,the lifestyle of hip hop culture has spread around the world.[9] When hip hop music began to emerge,it was based around disc jockeys who created rhythmic beats by looping breaks (small portions of songs emphasizing a percussive pattern) on two turntables,which is now more commonly referred to as sampling.This was later accompanied by "rapping" (a rhythmic style of chanting or poetry more formally in 16 bar measures or time frames) and beatboxing,a vocal technique mainly used to imitate percussive elements of the music and various technical effects of hip hop DJs.An original form of dancing and particular styles of dress arose among followers of this new music.These elements experienced considerable refinement and development over the course of the history of the culture.
The relationship between graffiti and hip hop culture arises from the appearance of new and increasingly elaborate and pervasive forms of the practice in areas where other elements of hip hop were evolving as art forms,with a heavy overlap between those who wrote graffiti and those who practiced other elements of the culture.

My dream is to become a comdist. It's not just words. I really zeal for drawing. When I feel sad, those doodle can stop me from crying. When i am exicted, there will be lively pictures appearing on the screen of my computer. They have always been proving the every little progress I made on the path of dream. I belive one day which is the day my dream come true, my sweat will transform to the tears of excitment. I know it's not far.

枪声响了
——写给所有运动员枪声响了，笔直的跑道上，你矫健的足迹肆意飞扬。遥望那终点，青春的视野里，你矫捷的背影正谱写胜利的辉煌！枪声响了，你将往日的汗水，昔日的泪光甩去，将迸发的激情，火热的赤心刻进如火的赛场！
加油吧！亲爱的朋友！枪响中，相信自己，鼓励自己，超越自己，用青春的七彩，为太阳的光辉在添上永恒的一画！
百米的战场
100米的赛道硝烟弥漫，100米的战场已经开战！
踏上跑道，身为战士的你选择勇敢。离开起点，身为战士的你选择冲锋。你昂着自信的头，带着必胜的信念，冲去，奔去。你架起机枪般的手臂，双脚化作战舰，你用勇气的子弹扫射赛场！
是什么力量，让你在百米战场上冲锋、飞翔？是什么力量，让你点燃战胜的希望？
是你迸发的勇气，是青春的力量！
加油！百米战场上的勇士们！
今朝展翅欲飞翔
金秋送爽，丹桂飘香；碧空万里的早晨，我们雄赳赳气昂昂的走在红色的跑道上。我们是朝气蓬勃的青年，我们誓将积蓄的力量撒满操场！
此刻，迎着朝阳，沐浴着阳光，我们昂首阔步，意气奋发，我们要与各路英豪一决高下！昔日懵懂少年郎，今朝展翅欲飞翔！
加油！我的同伴！赛出你们的水平，赛出你们的风格，用华丽的胜利描绘最活力四射的青春！
风云赛场
赛场上
叱咤风光，龙争虎斗，谁是天骄？
看台上
呐喊震天，面红耳赤，饱含希望。
得失中
谁能预料，世间公道，付出回报
纪录里
往事消逝，项目犹在，姓名已改。
青春里
热血燃烧，放手一搏，永不言败！
轻轻地抬头
——献给等待成功的你
轻轻地抬头，无需任何的言语，让自信荡漾于眉间，赶走失利的苦恼。
记得你曾经飞驰；记得你曾经拼搏；记得你依旧帅气的矫捷背影，记得你火热的情感，无羁的奔放，记得你恢宏的气度，记得你冲过了心的终点!
过去的，让它过去，不要去追溯那不该你的邂逅，让金色的阳光埋没心中的内疚。让淡紫色的咖啡涂抹脸上的哀愁。请留一份相信：人生并不是失败的象征，即使你是丑小鸭，春去秋来之时，你也将蜕变，用洁白的羽翼飞翔于生的蓝天！

By all means,it really looks like a children's handpaint.

A。

(B项“弩”应为“驽”； C项“姿”应为“恣”；D项“讧”应读hòng。)

1. C 2. C 3.D 4.

你的回答完美的解决了我的问题，谢谢！

University students, a group supposed to be raise with good habits and behaviours, are acting the opposite way nowadays. In campus, things like scrawling on the desk, ditching classes, stealing bicycles, impolite occupy seats happen frequently. What happened to comtemporary university students? Where are their etiquette and modesty?
Civilities are not things we literally agree with, but good manners we should carry out in our daily life.It seems that, the majority of students lack of the power of action,we know what deeds are right, we understand what manner is polite and right, but,when it comes to reality, we ignore thecivilization regulations, maybe sometimes, just because its more convenient. It is a real tragedy if we learn knowledge but not apply to reality. So I advocate every students should make a difference, begin with little things in life,sooner or later, we can have positive effct on others. Actions always speaks louder than words.

鸦文化是一种表现方式,是一种对生活,对人生的看法和观点的一种反映,更是对身边不平事的控诉.就是一个心灵 的窗口.这种文化,经过我们这些可以体会到个中蕴味的人修饰,更演变成为一种艺术.这种艺术的根本是意识反映事 实,只要事件存在这种事实,就会产生心中的意念,这样你的一切就会从你创作涂鸦里表显出来,成为一件艺术品.一 样可以反映人类想法的东西的出现,也就是一件最适合人类的艺术品. 在字典里的解释是: ...

This is the beautiful view of my home town.Here is the old house from my home town.There are many such houses.I love sports shoes and free painting.Look,this is one of my favourite sports shoes.In my opinion,sports shoes are more than just shoes.They represent a spirit and even a culture.A pair of classic sports shoes will really excite me a lot.I also like free painting.This is what I drew during the summer holiday which is a birthday present for my friend.As I think free painting can make people fell happy,I'd like to share the happiness to each and every friend of mine.This is me.Thank you!

金乌=太阳
玉兔=月亮
斗=北斗星座,泛指星辰
河=银河
方寸=内心
涂鸦=乱写（谦虚的自称写文章或者画画）

is a special kind of diary, or may called it cartoon alternatively, in terms of applying the combination of words and doodles. The main character, Greg, is a little kid in junior high school. He a person with kindness, honesty, intelligence, playfulness, and lots of weird ideas in his mind. His mother lets him to write the diary. He not only loosely describes the interesting and impressive things happen to him daily, but also draw the doodles to make it more special. In the diary, Greg narrates how his junior high school life is being likely to be an adventure. He often wants to play tricks to someone; instead, he is also often the one being tricked. He expects to do a good jobs, but it turns out sometimes he just screw things up. He sometimes get into harsh situation; however, he always finds the way to escape it. He is neither a good kid nor a bad kid, and he is just a normal kid. He is kind of selfish somehow, but he is the one that steps up for his friend when they are in troubles. All in all, those troubles which are happen around his age are mostly taking place to him without exception.
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翻译完了,呵呵.这是我自己翻译的.
希望对楼主有帮助.

家父 改为 令尊
拜读 改为 赐教或雅正
敬启是恭敬地开启阅读,谦恭语气不妥,可改为“启”或“亲启”

红尘中,真正的爱不一定浪漫,但一定美好,不一定一帆风顺,但一定地久天长.毋庸置疑,爱情的开始源自于缘分,爱情的保鲜来自于珍惜.生命中人来人往,若不懂得珍惜,麻烦和矛盾就会层出不穷,忧伤和眼泪便会接踵而至,爱的帷幕就会被迫降落,爱情就会提前谢幕,相依相恋的人终落得劳燕分飞、覆水难收的下场.
如风的岁月里,如能领悟“不如怜取眼前人”这句话的涵义,懂得相敬如宾、举案齐眉的意义,一路上且行且珍惜,如此,苦尽定能甘来,沙漠能化绿洲,烟波声里,总有一米阳光随影而行,总有一轮明月照亮轩窗.快意人生里,便可尽享静观云海,卧听松涛时的逍遥自在.
爱若懂得珍惜,破镜可以重圆,鸳梦可以重温拨云便能见日,婚姻绝不会成为可悲的坟墓.爱若懂得珍惜,宫殿里能升起歌舞,茅屋里能飞扬笑声,生命不与孤独相依,情,心,也不会飘零.

你就一个点一个点走过去,A到B,B到C,C到O,O到A,A到D,D到C,路程就是走过的路的长短,这样算起来就是四分之三大圆周（没到C）加小圆周,位移就是起点到终点的直线距离,直线连接AD,利用AOD三角形算出AD的大小.

胡乱涂鸦的意思是不按规则,随心所欲,盲目地做事.这句话,是批评那种不按客观规律做事的人,他们认为一切事情都可以率性而为,讨厌说规律论规则,实际上违背规律是不能把事情做好的,所以这个句子用反问语气表达否定意思,就是说,一切事情不是从不守规则做起的.

1.斧正 典出《庄子·徐无鬼》请别人修改文章的敬词
2.语出《世说新语·容止》原指执刀护卫,后用以比喻替别人代笔作文.
3.“染指”指分取不应该得到的利益,也指插手某件事情.典出《左传·宣公四年》.
4.按一定标准去访求
乃令以物色访之.——《后汉书·严光传》
5.：《三国志·蜀志·诸葛亮传》指人的内心；心绪
6“涂鸦”一词,原是唐朝卢仝说其儿子乱写乱画顽皮之行,典故出自《玉川子集．云添丁>>:卢仝有个儿子叫添丁,喜欢乱涂乱写,常把卢仝的书册弄得又脏又乱.卢仝因此写了一首诗：“忽来案上翻墨汁,涂抹诗书如老鸦.”把儿子的顽皮和自己的无奈描写得唯妙唯肖.
后来,人们便从卢仝的诗句里得出“涂鸦”一词,流传至今.
7.古代史书的通称.《春秋》是鲁国的编年史,经过了孔子的修订
8.【解释】请人作诗文书画的酬劳.
特地托人到上海去,出了一块洋钱润笔求来的呀.——《二十年目睹之怪现状》
【出处】《隋书·郑译传》：“上令内史令 李德林 立作诏书,高熲 戏谓 译 曰：‘笔干.’ 译 答曰：‘出为方岳,杖策言归,不得一钱,何以润笔.’” 唐 宋 翰苑官草制除官公文,例奉润笔物.后泛指付给作诗文书画之人的报酬.唐 殷文圭 《贻李南平》诗：“润笔已曾经奏谢,更飞章句问 张华 .”《儒林外史》第一回：“老爷少不得还有几两润笔的银子,一并送来.” 鲁迅 《彷徨·幸福的家庭》：“投稿的地方,先定为《幸福月报》社,因为润笔似乎比较的丰.”

Recently, graffiti can be seen anywhere in many colleges, which makes our eyesight unpleasant. Worse still, many students regard graffiti as a special art. I get annoyed at this phenomenon. From my po...

恐龙展示产品……

Very sorry,Sir
I will not do street dance
The same will not doodle
I ain't a Mc
Isn't also a Dj
But I have to say;I have a passion for a hip-hop

这个是用PHOTOSHOP制作的笔刷素材.望采纳.

Recently graffiti has become more noticeable in my college.I feel quite annoyed at them,especially when some of my classmates praise them as an art.
In my opinion ,graffiti is a form of vandalism.They are a mess and are ugly to look at .Meanwhile,walls are public places,and they should not be used to express personal views and feelings.
I really think vandalism should be stopped,and those who refuse to stop this bad practice should be punished.We should clear away these ugly expressions and drawings so that our college may return to its true self—a clean,quiet place for study ,teaching and research.

Recently graffiti has become more noticeable in our country.I feel quite annoyed at them,especially when some people praise them as a kind of so-called art.Confronted with this impolite phenomenon,I can’t help asking myself:what is wrong with today’s teenagers?
In my opinion,graffiti is a form of vandalism.They are a mess and are ugly to look at.Meanwhile,walls are public places,and they should not be used to express personal views and feelings.
I really think vandalism should be stopped,and those who refuse to stop this bad practice should be punished.We should clear away these ugly expressions and drawings so that our college may return to its true self--a clean,quiet place for study,teaching and research.

1970年代到1980年代,纽约的画廊开始举办涂鸦艺术展览,把街头的涂鸦艺术家请到画廊中来,涂鸦因而成为高雅的艺术创作形式.
Between 1970s and 1980s,the art galleries in New York City started holding exhibitions of the graffiti arts and inviting the graffiti artists on the street to display their works in the galleries,since then,the graffiti has become an elegant and creative forms of the art.
在马来西亚槟城的某个街道小巷内,一副绘制于墙面上的涂鸦：姐弟俩欢快地骑自行车,配合一辆真实的自行车道具.这副非常温馨的姐弟骑车图,吸引了众多居民与路人前来参观,几乎所有拿着相机经过的人,都会参与到画面的再创造中来,生成更加丰富多彩的画面.
In an alley of a certain street in Pennang,Malaysia,displayed on the street wall was a graffiti depicting a sister and a brother happily riding on a bicycle,along with a real bicycle underneath.
This very warm heartfelt garffiti of the sister-brother share-cycling attracted hundreds and thousands of residents and passerbys,almost everyone with a camera would participated in the recreation of a richer and more colorful picture.

Recently,graffiti can be seen anywhere in many colleges,which makes our eyesight unpleasant.Worse still,many students regard graffiti as a special art.I get annoyed at this phenomenon.
From my point of view,graffiti is so ugly to look at.It’s a kind of pollution as well as an ill behavior.Moreover,public buildings are symbols of civilization,not the places to express our thinkings and ideas.
Consequently,I think graffiti should be prohibited by our school regulations.Those who don’t want to get rid of this bad habit must be punished strictly.In conclusion,we must clear out this bad manner,in order to create a good atmosphere for us to study.

I like drawing, such as graffiti.

Graffiti (singular:graffito; the plural is used as a mass noun) is the name for images or lettering scratched,scrawled,painted or marked in any manner on property.Graffiti is any type of public markings that may appear in the forms of simple written words to elaborate wall paintings.Graffiti has existed since ancient times,with examples dating back to Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire.
In modern times,paint,particularly spray paint,and marker pens have become the most commonly used graffiti materials.In most countries,marking or painting property without the property owner's consent is considered defacement and vandalism,which is a punishable crime.Sometimes graffiti expresses social and political messages and a whole genre of artistic expression is based upon spray paint graffiti styles.To some,it is an art form worthy of display in galleries and exhibitions; to others it is merely vandalism.Graffiti has evolved into a pop culture existence often related to underground hip hop music,b-boying,and a lifestyle that remains hidden from the general public.Graffiti can be used as a gang signal to mark territory or to serve as an indicator or "tag" for gang-related activity.

1、B no matter what缺疑问词
2、does这里是代动词,代替前面的has(实意动词,非助动词） a more important meaning 中的has
3、这里是语态的理解问题,arrange当整理布置讲的时候,是及物动词,要么接宾语,要么表被动.用D应该是has been arranged,everything后跟第三人称动词单数,find sth done的模式就可以了.

由AC²+BC²=AB²=9,
三角形ACD面积为S1=AC×（AC/2）×1/2=AC²/4.
三角形BCF面积为S2=BC/4,
三角形ABE面积为S3=AB²/4,
∴阴影面积=S1+s2+S3
=（AC²+BC²+AB²）/4
=（9+9）/4
=9/2.

我，爸爸，妈妈，组成了一个温馨的小家庭。我的家庭是千千万万个普通家庭中的一个，它不华丽，但是很温馨，很简单。每天下午放学时从窗口飘出来的煎炸翻炒香味，是我对它永恒的眷恋与不舍。每当我与我的家人齐聚一堂，都会觉得无比幸福，仿佛连空气都变成了蜜糖。
我的爸爸妈妈都只是普通的工作者，他们没有大把大把的钱供我挥霍，但是他们在自己力所能及的范围之内，愿意为我倾其所有。有一次妈妈做了一盘红烧肉，我一个人就吃了半盘，而当我吃饱了拍拍屁股就要走的时候，惊奇的发现，爸爸妈妈居然一筷子也没有动，只是吃着剩下来的剩菜。我的眼圈霎时就红了，我怎么对得起爸爸妈妈呢！我颤抖着筷子夹起一块红烧肉，对妈妈说：“妈妈，您吃一块吧，就一块！”妈妈却一扭头，将我的筷子避开了：“我不爱吃肉，还是你吃吧！”我已经上六年级了，哪能不知道妈妈是什么意思呢？她是想留下来给我吃啊！我还在愣神儿，嘴里早已被爸爸塞上一块肉：“吃吧！吃完了回屋学习。”妈妈已经在收拾碗筷了，一边收拾一边对我说：“你明天中午不用再等你爸爸了，我回来给你做饭。”我笑起她的鲁莽：封家岭离相州多远啊！仅仅是为了我中午不必再等爸爸回家做饭？我想笑，眼泪却像决了堤的洪水，一触即发。
我的父母所做的事，也许谈不上什么轰轰烈烈，但是却无微不至，正如我的家庭一路走来，无波无澜。可幸福，却始终没有离去，而是在某一个瞬间所等待，等待着主人的觉醒。要知道，大音希声，大象无形。从今天开始，我将让我的家庭在每一刻幸福，我将永远让我的家庭幸福！

这是一种不文明的行为，我们应当制止。

我，爸爸，妈妈，组成了一个温馨的小家庭。我的家庭是千千万万个普通家庭中的一个，它不华丽，但是很温馨，很简单。每天下午放学时从窗口飘出来的煎炸翻炒香味，是我对它永恒的眷恋与不舍。每当我与我的家人齐聚一堂，都会觉得无比幸福，仿佛连空气都变成了蜜糖。我的爸爸妈妈都只是普通的工作者，他们没有大把大把的钱供我挥霍，但是他们在自己力所能及的范围之内，愿意为我倾其所有。有一次妈妈做了一盘红烧肉，我一个人就吃了半盘，而当我吃饱了拍拍屁股就要走的时候，惊奇的发现，爸爸妈妈居然一筷子也没有动，只是吃着剩下来的剩菜。我的眼圈霎时就红了，我怎么对得起爸爸妈妈呢！我颤抖着筷子夹起一块红烧肉，对妈妈说：“妈妈，您吃一块吧，就一块！”妈妈却一扭头，将我的筷子避开了：“我不爱吃肉，还是你吃吧！”我已经上六年级了，哪能不知道妈妈是什么意思呢？她是想留下来给我吃啊！我还在愣神儿，嘴里早已被爸爸塞上一块肉：“吃吧！吃完了回屋学习。”妈妈已经在收拾碗筷了，一边收拾一边对我说：“你明天中午不用再等你爸爸了，我回来给你做饭。”我笑起她的鲁莽：封家岭离相州多远啊！仅仅是为了我中午不必再等爸爸回家做饭？我想笑，眼泪却像决了堤的洪水，一触即发。我的父母所做的事，也许谈不上什么轰轰烈烈，但是却无微不至，正如我的家庭一路走来，无波无澜。可幸福，却始终没有离去，而是在某一个瞬间所等待，等待着主人的觉醒。要知道，大音希声，大象无形。从今天开始，我将让我的家庭在每一刻幸福，我将永远让我的家庭幸福！

Recently,graffiti can be seen anywhere in many colleges,which makes our eyesight unpleasant.Worse still,many students regard graffiti as a special art.I get annoyed at this phenomenon.
From my point of view,graffiti is so ugly to look at.It’s a kind of pollution as well as an ill behavior.Moreover,public buildings are symbols of civilization,not the places to express our thinkings and ideas.
Consequently,I think graffiti should be prohibited by our school regulations.Those who don’t want to get rid of this bad habit must be punished strictly.In conclusion,we must clear out this bad manner,in order to create a good atmosphere for us to study

1.click the button for the graffiti of pictures
2.cilck the picture to add words
3. filter function
4.add to recording
5.click and drag to adjust the place of the words
6.click to choose the color of the brush
7.click to switch non-trace/ordinary info mode
8.create non-trace info sending mode,usually exist 12s,no trouble after sharing
9.push down the dialog and drag it ,to switch non-trace/ordinary info mode

可别让书皮也表演京剧呀！采纳哦

①可以根据惯性来 由于惯性 AB整体可以向左做减速运动 也可以向右做加速运动②用牛二的话 弹簧必定受到压力 当AB整体向右做加速运动时 B就是向右做加速运动 这时B一定受到一个向右的合力 是弹簧给的 弹簧...

Just for you.为你而画.
Because you are my sunshine.谨以此画献给我的阳光（你）.
注：shine是照耀,是个动词.sunshine是阳光 ,名词

As we all know, the Great Wall is a great building, I am proud of the Great Wall. First, the Great Wall two thousand years of history; It is located in northern China. East from Shanhaiguan, west to Jiayuguan, total length of 8851.8 km. Second, the Great Wall is China's ancient people created one of the great miracles on behalf of China's long history. Third, in the past, the Great Wall was built to withstand enemy attack on the; Today, the Great Wall has become a popular tourist attraction, which every year attracts many tourists from around the world.

我的妻子是一名艺术工作者,照片中墙壁上的涂鸦就是她的作品,我的朋友站在涂鸦墙的前面,我给我的朋友拍下这张照片
my wife is an art worker.The doodles on the walls in the photo are her works.My friend was standing in front of the doodle wall and I took a photo for him
楼上机器翻译