文学史上的苏辛是指哪两位词人?他们的词风同属于什么派?另有一派史称婉约派,其代表人物有那几位词人?

文学家鲁迅是中国文学史上启发人们思想不屈不饶奋身救国的一位战士!

11.____believes that man’s fate is predeterminedly tragic,driven by a combined force of ‘nature”,both inside and outside.A.Charles Dickens B.Thomas hardy BC.Jane Austen D.William Blake12.“So was i...

1. Jane Austen was one of English literature's most famous novelist, a major exhibition about him recently in New York Morgan Library and Museum, a rare letters and manuscripts have appeared. (Manuscript)
2. The book is divided into several chapters (chapter), there is also several beautifully illustrated (illustration)

《史记》是由司马迁撰写的中国第一部纪传体通史.记载了上自上古传说中的黄帝时代,下至汉武帝元狩元年间共3000多年的历史（哲学、政治、经济、军事等）.《史记》最初没有固定书名,或称“太史公书”,或称“太史公传”,也省称“太史公”.“史记”本是古代史书通称,从三国时期开始,“史记”由史书的通称逐渐成为“太史公书”的专称.《史记》与后来的《汉书》（班固）、《后汉书》（范晔、司马彪）、《三国志》（陈寿）合称“前四史”.刘向等人认为此书“善序事理,辩而不华,质而不俚”.与司马光的《资治通鉴》并称“史学双璧”.
《史记》有本纪十二篇,表十篇, 书八篇,世家三十篇,列传七十篇,共一百三十篇.

冰心，这位中国现代文学史上第一位著名女作家，她一步入文坛，便以宣扬“爱的哲学”著称。《繁星》、《春水》是冰心在印度诗人“泰戈尔” 《飞鸟集》的影响下写成的。
总的说来，《繁星》、《春水》大致包括3方面的内容：一是对“母爱与童真”的歌颂；二是对“大自然”的崇拜和赞颂。三是“对人生的思考和感悟” 。

1.爱的哲学
3.母爱 自然 童真
4.谢婉莹 繁星格 春水体
5.母爱 自然 爱的哲学
7.小茨冈 格里戈里 “好事情”
8.格里戈里 小茨冈 外祖父 大舅米哈伊尔
9.苦难和奋斗
10.祥子的行踪

唐代——格律诗(近体诗),古体诗,古文,传奇
宋代——词,话本,古文
元代——曲
明代——拟话本,小说
清代——小说
简单地说就是唐诗 宋词 元曲 明清小说

使至塞上：本诗从体裁上看是（五言律 ）诗,文学史上称之为（ 五律）
渡荆门送别：本诗从体裁上看是（五言律）诗,从内容上看是（送别 ）诗

B

San Mao,who is a remarkable woman in the history of Chinese contemperary literary,had travelled around the world in her short lifetime and written down many classics based on her own experience.Though she died at an early age,her romantic love lingers in the memory of every reader .Meanwhile,her lifetime seemed to have showed vaguely her frames of life.It was the inspiration lit by love that had brought San Mao the constant urge to write.Yet love also indirectly had caused her death.This essay will discuss San Mao's everlasting love and try to interprete both San Mao's view on love and her awareness of death from her proses .
喜欢三毛,所以实在不能接受楼上那位回答者从在线翻译中复制过来的答案,因此腾出时间翻了.翻译的比较匆忙,还有很多值得改进的地方,楼主好好修改修改吧.

加西来·马尔克斯,哥伦比亚人,诺贝尔文学奖获得者,主要作品百年孤独,家长的没落.
不过我只看过百年孤独,非常棒,强烈火建议你读一下.

《十日谈》Decameron
《一千零一夜》Arabian Nights
Absract:"Decameron" and "Arabian Nights" are both the far-reaching works in literary history.The titles of the two works are named to time.The number 10 in "Decameron" refers to the specific time,while "Arabian Nights" is the way that the story went.It means the collection of stories."Arabian Nights" is the collection of folk stories,while "Decameron" is the collection of short stories."Arabian Nights" went round in the Arab Middle Ages,but "Decameron" was a book written in the 14th century."Decameron" described the structure inspired by "Arabian Nights",but they were not identical.Their artistic forms are different.They have different narrative art.
Keywords :types of literature,narrative art,forms of literature framework,figures image

“诗史”之说，最早见于唐代孟棨的《本事诗》：“杜（甫）逢（安）禄山之难，流离陇、蜀，毕陈于诗，推见至隐，殆无遗事，故当时号为‘诗史’。”唐代伟大的现实主义诗人杜甫用诗笔写出自己在安史之乱中的见闻和感受，全面而又深刻地反映了这一段时期的社会现实，所以在当时就已经被称之为“诗史”。如著名的叙事组诗“三吏”（《新安吏》、《石壕吏》、《潼关吏》）和“三别”（《新婚别》、《垂老别》、《无家别》），以饱蘸着深切同情的笔调，揭示了这一场战乱给人民带来的深重灾难，表现了忧国忧民的深沉感情

文学创作和文学批评的历史发展是文学史描述的主要部分.
文学创作和文学批评是并列的两大文学门类.
文学创作作为活动,它的产品是文学作品.
文学批评以文学创作及其作品为对象.

英国
乔纳森·斯威夫特
里梅尔·格列佛
利立浦特（小人国）布罗卜丁奈格（大人国）勒皮他、巴尔尼巴比、拉格奈格、格勒大锥、日本游记（飞岛国）慧骃国
大人国
慧骃国
小人国大人国
讽刺
慧骃国
比赛绳技
慧骃国

一1 作者 刘绍棠
2苏洵苏轼苏辙
二 1快乐自由的地方 （天堂,极乐之地、与世无争、世外桃源
）
2在潮水里搏击嬉戏 （弄潮 、玩耍、戏水、
）
3扩散,布满 （充塞 弥漫、充满、
）
4高远隐约的样子 （飘渺、隐隐约约、忽隐忽现、缥缈
）
5明亮洁白 （皎洁 皎洁明亮、洁白无瑕
）
6葛曼纠结,难于分解.比喻纠缠不清的事情 （盘根错节 纠结、纠葛、藕断丝连、牵扯不清、）
晴空一鹤排云上,
便引诗情到碧霄
天街小雨润如酥,
草色遥看近却无
瀚海阑干百丈冰,愁云惨淡万里凝

冰心原名谢婉莹,中国现代文学史上第一位著名女作家,她一步入文坛,便以宣扬﹙“ 爱的哲学”﹚著称. 希望帮到你!望采纳,谢谢!~

文学是资源丰富的宝藏,让人挖空心思；
文学是香气扑鼻的绿茶,让人神清气爽；
文学是浪花飞溅的大河,让人心潮澎湃；
文学是神态悠闲的白云,让人浮想联翩.
文学是意境深远的油画,让人惊叹不已.
文学是旋律优美的音乐,让人听之动容.

English playwright and poet whose body of works is considered the greatest in English literature. His plays, many of which were performed at the Globe Theatre in London, include historical works, such as Richard II, comedies, including Much Ado about Nothing and As You Like It, and tragedies, such as Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear. He also composed 154 sonnets. The earliest collected edition of his plays, the First Folio, contained 36 plays and was published posthumously (1623). (莎士比亚）
Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1827), English Romantic poet who rebelled against English politics and conservative values. Shelley drew no essential distinction between poetry and politics, and his work reflected the radical ideas and revolutionary optimism of the era.
Percy Bysshe Shelley was born on August 4, 1792, at Field Place, near Horsham in Sussex, into an aristocratic family. His father, Timothy Shelley, was a Sussex squire and a member of Parliament. Shelley attended Syon House Academy and Eton and in 1810 he entered the Oxford University College.
In 1811 Shelley was expelled from the college for publishing The Necessity Of Atheism, which he wrote with Thomas Jefferson Hogg. Shelley's father withdrew his inheritance in favor of a small annuity, after he eloped with the 16-year old Harriet Westbrook, the daughter of a London tavern owner. The pair spent the following two years traveling in England and Ireland, distributing pamphlets and speaking against political injustice. In 1813 Shelley published his first important poem, the atheistic Queen Mab.
The poet's marriage to Harriet was a failure. In 1814 Shelley traveled abroad with Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, the daughter of the philosopher and anarchist William Godwin (1756-1836). Mary's young stepsister Claire Clairmont was also in the company. During this journey Shelley wrote an unfinished novella, The Assassins (1814). Their combined journal, Six Weeks' Tour, reworked by Mary Shelley, appeared in 1817. After their return to London, Shelley came into an annual income under his grandfather's will. Harriet drowned herself in the Serpentine in 1816. Shelley married Mary Wollstonecraft and his favorite son William was born in 1816.
Shelley spent the summer of 1816 with Lord Byron at Lake Geneva, where Byron had an affair with Claire. Shelley composed the "Hymn To Intellectual Beauty" and "Mont Blanc". In 1817 Shelley published The Revolt Of Islam and the much anthologized "Ozymandias" appeared in 1818. Among Shelley's popular poems are the Odes "To the West Wind" and "To a Skylark" and Adonais, an elegy for Keats.
In 1818 the Shelleys moved to Italy, where Byron was residing. In 1819 they went to Rome and in 1820 to Pisa. Shelley's works from this period include Julian And Maddalo, an exploration of his relations with Byron and Prometheus Unbound, a lyrical drama. The Cenci was a five-act tragedy based on the history of a 16th-century Roman family, and The Mask Of Anarchy was a political protest which was written after the Peterloo massacre. In 1822 the Shelley household moved to the Bay of Lerici. There Shelley began to write The Triumph Of Life.
To welcome his friend Leigh Hunt, he sailed to Leghorn. During the stormy return voyage to Lerici, his small schooner the Ariel sank and Shelley drowned with Edward Williams on July 8, 1822. The bodies were washed ashore at Viareggio, where, in the presence of Lord Byron and Leigh Hunt, they were burned on the beach. Shelley was later buried in Rome. （雪莱）
John Keats
In his short life, John Keats wrote some of the most beautiful and enduring poems in the English language. Among his greatest achievements is his sequence of six lyric odes, written between March and September 1819--astonishingly, when Keats was only twenty-four years old. Keats's poetic achievement is made all the more miraculous by the age at which it ended: He died barely a year after finishing the ode "To Autumn," in February 1821. Keats was born in 1795 to a lower-middle-class family in London. When he was still young, he lost both his parents. His mother succumbed to tuberculosis, the disease that eventually killed Keats himself. When he was fifteen, Keats entered into a medical apprenticeship, and eventually he went to medical school. But by the time he turned twenty, he abandoned his medical training to devote himself wholly to poetry. He published his first book of poems in 1817; they drew savage critical attacks from an influential magazine, and his second book attracted comparatively little notice when it appeared the next year. Keats's brother Tom died of tuberculosis in December 1818, and Keats moved in with a friend in Hampstead. In Hampstead, he fell in love with a young girl named Fanny Brawne. During this time, Keats began to experience the extraordinary creative inspiration that enabled him to write, at a frantic rate, all his best poems in the time before he died. His health and his finances declined sharply, and he set off for Italy in the summer of 1820, hoping the warmer climate might restore his health. He never returned home. His death brought to an untimely end one of the most extraordinary poetic careers of the nineteenth century--indeed, one of the most extraordinary poetic careers of all time. Keats never achieved widespread recognition for his work in his own life (his bitter request for his tombstone: "Here lies one whose name was writ on water"), but he was sustained by a deep inner confidence in his own ability. Shortly before his death, he remarked that he believed he would be among "the English poets" when he had died. Keats was one of the most important figures of early nineteenth-century Romanticism, a movement that espoused the sanctity of emotion and imagination, and privileged the beauty of the natural world. Many of the ideas and themes evident in Keats's great odes are quintessentially Romantic concerns: the beauty of nature, the relation between imagination and creativity, the response of the passions to beauty and suffering, and the transience of human life in time. The sumptuous sensory language in which the odes are written, their idealistic concern for beauty and truth, and their expressive agony in the face of death are all Romantic preoccupations--though at the same time, they are all uniquely Keats's. Taken together, the odes do not exactly tell a story--there is no unifying "plot" and no recurring characters--and there is little evidence that Keats intended them to stand together as a single work of art. Nevertheless, the extraordinary number of suggestive interrelations between them is impossible to ignore. The odes explore and develop the same themes, partake of many of the same approaches and images, and, ordered in a certain way, exhibit an unmistakable psychological development. This is not to say that the poems do not stand on their own--they do, magnificently; one of the greatest felicities of the sequence is that it can be entered at any point, viewed wholly or partially from any perspective, and still prove moving and rewarding to read. There has been a great deal of critical debate over how to treat the voices that speak the poems--are they meant to be read as though a single person speaks them all, or did Keats invent a different persona for each ode? There is no right answer to the question, but it is possible that the question itself is wrong: The consciousness at work in each of the odes is unmistakably Keats's own. Of course, the poems are not explicitly autobiographical (it is unlikely that all the events really happened to Keats), but given their sincerity and their shared frame of thematic reference, there is no reason to think that they do not come from the same part of Keats's mind--that is to say, that they are not all told by the same part of Keats's reflected self. In that sense, there is no harm in treating the odes a sequence of utterances told in the same voice. The psychological progress from "Ode on Indolence" to "To Autumn" is intimately personal, and a great deal of that intimacy is lost if one begins to imagine that the odes are spoken by a sequence of fictional characters. When you think of "the speaker" of these poems, think of Keats as he would have imagined himself while writing them. As you trace the speaker's trajectory from the numb drowsiness of "Indolence" to the quiet wisdom of "Autumn," try to hear the voice develop and change under the guidance of Keats's extraordinary language.（济慈)
Charlotte Brontë (April 21, 1816 – March 31, 1855) was an English novelist, the eldest of the three Brontë sisters whose novels have become enduring classics of English literature. Life and worksCharlotte Brontë was born at Thornton, in Yorkshire, England, the third of six children, to Patrick Brontë (formerly "Patrick Brunty"), an Irish Anglican clergyman, and his wife, Maria Branwell. In April 1820 the family moved to Haworth, where Patrick had been appointed Perpetual Curate. Maria Branwell Brontë died of cancer on 15 September 1821, leaving five daughters and a son to the care of her sister Elizabeth Branwell. In August 1824, Charlotte was sent with three of her sisters to the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge in Lancashire (which she would describe as Lowood School in Jane Eyre). Its poor conditions, Charlotte maintained, permanently affected her health and physical development, and hastened the deaths of her two elder sisters, Maria (born 1814) and Elizabeth (born 1815), who died of tuberculosis in 1825 soon after they were removed from the school.
At home in Haworth Parsonage, Charlotte and the other surviving children — Branwell, Emily, and Anne — were influenced by their father's library of Walter Scott, Byron, Tales of the Genii and The Arabian Nights. They began chronicling the lives and struggles of the inhabitants of their imaginary kingdoms. Charlotte and Branwell wrote stories about their country — Angria — and Emily and Anne wrote articles and poems about theirs — Gondal. The sagas were elaborate and convoluted (and still exist in part manuscripts) and provided them with an obsessive interest in childhood and early adolescence, which prepared them for their literary vocations in adulthood.
Charlotte continued her education at Roe Head school in Mirfield from 1831 to 1832, where she met her lifelong friends and correspondents, Ellen Nussey and Mary Taylor. Charlotte returned as a teacher from 1835 to 1838. In 1839 she took up the first of many positions as governess to various families in Yorkshire, a career she pursued until 1841. In 1842 she and Emily travelled to Brussels to enroll in a pensionnat run by Constantin Heger (1809–1896) and his wife Claire Zoë Parent Heger (1804–1890). In return for board and tuition, Charlotte taught English and Emily taught music. Their time at the pensionnat was cut short when Elizabeth Branwell, their aunt who joined the family after the death of their mother to look after the children, died of internal obstruction in October 1842. Charlotte returned alone to Brussels in January 1843 to take up a teaching post at the pensionnat. Her second stay at the pensionnat was not a happy one; she became lonely, homesick, and deeply attached to Constantin Heger. She finally returned to Haworth in January 1844 and later used her time at the pensionnat as the inspiration for some of The Professor and Villette.
In May 1846, Charlotte, Emily, and Anne published a joint collection of poetry under the assumed names of Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell. Although the book failed to attract interest (only two copies were sold) the sisters decided to continue writing for publication and began work on their first novels. Charlotte continued to use the name 'Currer Bell' when she published her first two novels.
Cover page of the first edition of Jane EyreHer novels are:
Jane Eyre, published 1847
Shirley, published 1849
Villette, published 1853
The Professor, written before Jane Eyre and rejected by many publishing houses, was published posthumously in 1857
Her novels were deemed coarse by the critics. Much speculation took place as to who Currer Bell really was, and whether Bell was a man or a woman.
Charlotte's brother, Branwell, the only son of the family, died of chronic bronchitis and marasmus exacerbated by heavy drinking, in September 1848, although Charlotte believed his death was due to tuberculosis. Emily and Anne both died of pulmonary tuberculosis in December 1848 and May 1849, respectively.
Portrait of Charlotte Brontë, 1873
Charlotte and her father were now left alone. In view of the enormous success of Jane Eyre, she was persuaded by her publisher to visit London occasionally, where she revealed her true identity and began to move in a more exalted social circle, becoming friends with Harriet Martineau, Elizabeth Gaskell, William Makepeace Thackeray and G. H. Lewes. However, she never left Haworth for more than a few weeks at a time as she did not want to leave her aging father's side.
In June 1854, Charlotte married Arthur Bell Nicholls, her father's curate. She died nine months later during her first pregnancy. Her death certificate gives the cause of death as phthisis (tuberculosis), but there is a school of thought that suggests she may have died from her excessive vomiting caused by severe morning sickness in the early stages of pregnancy. There is also evidence to suggest that Charlotte died from typhus she may have caught from Tabitha Ackroyd, the Bronte household's oldest servant, who died shortly before her. Charlotte was interred in the family vault in The Church of St. Michael and All Angels, Haworth, West Yorkshire, England.
The posthumous biography by Elizabeth Gaskell, for a long time a standard source on her life, has been much criticised by feminists such as Elaine Showalter, for suppressing details of Charlotte's life and her apparently passionate nature. （勃朗特）
我能帮的也就只有这么多了,至于200字嘛······

（1）爱的哲学
（2）母爱　童真　自然

文学史上的"三苏”指苏轼、苏洵、苏辙
杜甫的三吏指 ：《石壕吏》、《新安吏》、《潼关吏》
初唐四杰:王勃、杨炯、卢照邻、骆宾王
大李杜:李白、杜甫
小李杜:李商隐和杜牧
三曹:曹操、曹丕、曹植父子三人

The bronte sisters two people all are occupying the quite important status in the English history of literature.Its two human of representative works "Jan Loved" and "Howls Mountain village" quite to have the representative at that time for the England realism novel in work.This article on take the Gothic style creation tendency as Access point,the reason which in the artistry separately from the novel plot,the scene layout,characterization as well as the image utilization promulgates the bronte sisters to display approximate which and produces.

《安娜卡列尼娜》《战争与和平》《复活》

京口瓜洲一水间,钟山只隔数重山.春风又到江南岸,明月何时照我还?写完后,王安石觉得“春风又绿江南岸”的“到”字太死,看不出春风一到江南是什么景象,缺乏诗意,想了一会,就提笔把“到”字圈去,改为“过” 字.后来细想一下,又觉得“过”字不妥.“过”字虽比“到”字生动一些,写出了春风的一掠而过的动态,但要用来表达自己想回金陵的急切之情,仍嫌不足.于是又圈去“过”字,改为“入’字、“满”字.这样改了十多次,王安石仍未找到自己最满意的字.他觉得有些头疼,就走出船舱,观赏风景,让脑子休息一下.王安石走到船头上,眺望江南,春风拂过,青草摇舞,麦浪起伏,更显得生机勃勃,景色如画.他觉得精神一爽,忽见春草碧绿,这个“绿”字,不正是我要找的那个字吗?一个“绿”字把整个江南生机勃勃、春意盎然的动人景象表达出来了.想到这里,王安石好不高兴,连忙奔进船舱,另外取出一张纸,把原诗中 “春风又到江南岸”一句,改为“春风又绿江南岸”.

C

曹操,曹丕,曹植.
苏轼,苏洵,苏辙

B

六朝：
1）三国吴、东晋、南朝宋、齐、梁、陈,都建都于建康,史称南朝六朝,简称六朝,也作六代.
2）三国魏、西晋、北魏、北齐、北周、隋,都建都于北方,史称北朝六朝,也简称六朝.
八代：
“文起八代之衰” 这句话是苏轼对韩愈的赞誉.
“八代”指的是东汉、魏、晋、宋、齐、梁、陈、隋,这几个朝代正是骈文由形成到鼎盛的时代.
另外,还可从虚的角度理解“八代”,即很长时间.“

三曹：指曹操、曹植、曹丕.
三苏：是苏轼、苏洵、苏辙.

Scott.Fitzgerald is the lost generation of American literary history in one of the most talented writers,but also the spokesman of the United States of the Jazz Age."The Great Gatsby" embodies the United States after World War I "Lost Generation" for the American dream and disillusionment.The war on the United States described the impact of society,he reveals the tragic Gatsby Gatsby root causes of the tragedy and the inevitable result.
提供更好的翻译建议
Google 翻译提供翻译建议.
提供更好的翻译建议：
Scott.Fitzgerald is the lost generation of American literary history in one of the most talented writers,but also the spokesman of the United States of the Jazz Age."The Great Gatsby" embodies the United States after World War I "Lost Generation" for the American dream and disillusionment.The war on the United States described the impact of society,he reveals the tragic Gatsby Gatsby root causes of the tragedy and the inevitable result.

C

宋玉《九辩》中最动人的是对__悲哉秋之为气也,萧瑟兮草木摇落而变衰______的描写.中国文学史上影响深远的_____悲秋感怀___主题,实由此发端.

夏洛克 、阿巴贡、泼留希金、葛朗台

A

饮中八仙歌 杜甫
李白斗酒诗百篇,
长安市上酒家眠,
天子呼来不上船,
自称臣是酒中仙.

陶渊明

体裁是五律,为边塞诗.

⑴塞万提斯；
⑵舟遥遥以轻飏,风飘飘而吹衣；落日楼头,断鸿声里；茕茕孑立,形影相吊

因为她的主题至今仍有现实意义而且将来也永远不会过时,那就是一个人不论遇到什么绝境只要去勇敢地面对都绝路生还的.

诗鬼 李贺 诗鬼 李贺
诗仙 李白
诗圣 杜甫
诗豪 刘禹锡
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诗仙 李白
诗圣 杜甫
诗豪 刘禹锡
诗魔 白居易
诗鬼 李贺
诗佛 王维
诗囚 孟郊
七绝圣手 王昌龄
诗魔 白居易
诗鬼 李贺
诗佛 王维
诗囚 孟郊
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诗仙 李白
诗圣 杜甫
诗豪 刘禹锡
诗魔 白居易
诗鬼 李贺
诗佛 王维
诗囚 孟郊
七绝圣手 王昌龄
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诗仙 李白
诗圣 杜甫
诗豪 刘禹锡
诗魔 白居易
诗佛 王维
诗囚 孟郊

纪行诗

赋是铺陈,陈述铺叙,在《诗经》的《雅》《颂》多用.如《大雅-丞民》.比是比喻,通过比喻从而使形象更为鲜明.如《卫风-谷风》“比予于毒”.兴是启发,借助其他事物作为诗歌的开头.如《（木票）（念biao)有梅》.诗经的成...

使至塞上从体裁上看是—五言律诗—诗；从内容上看,文学史上称之为—边塞—诗,诗中既叙事,又写景更在叙事写景中表明内心情感的句子是—— 征蓬出汉塞 归雁入胡天.

托马斯·查特顿【Thomas Chatterton,1752-1770】英国诗人.出生在英国西部港口城市布里斯托尔一个清贫的家庭,父亲是中学教师.他是父亲的遗腹子,靠母亲教书为生.12岁时写了一些诗篇,初识字便靠《圣经》自修出阅读能力,继而发现了斯宾塞的《仙后》,他家在教堂附近,历代担任司事一职.教堂里放着许多羊皮纸印的中古世纪文献,父亲生前经常拿些回家在上面重新写字.查特顿对原有的文字极感兴趣,积极抄录,研究其笔迹、拼法和措词,从而创出一套古英文语录,并学会画纹章图案.当时人们爱收集古史和家谱方面的资料,他模仿15世纪英语词汇和拼写法,冒充15世纪的布里斯托尔僧侣诗人托马斯·罗利所写,并称他于布里斯托尔的圣玛丽—雷德克里夫教堂发现罗利的手稿,因而公之于世,名为“罗利诗篇”.查特顿虚构了一个人物,名叫威廉·坎宁,是布里斯托尔的商人,后成为布里斯托尔市长.”罗利诗篇”就是以坎宁为中心人物之一而写的一系列故事传奇.其中主要诗篇有《布里斯托尔悲剧,又名查尔斯·波丁爵士之死》(1772)、《一首极好的慈善歌谣》(1777)等.而其中最优秀的诗篇是查特顿在1768年所写,时年不足16岁.如《歌手之歌》一诗非常有力,具有中世纪诗歌的魅力. 此外, 查特顿还写了讽刺诗《叛教者威廉》(1764),滑稽歌剧《复仇》(1770)等.1769年,查特顿把“罗利诗篇”里的几首诗寄给英国著名学者和文学家霍勒斯·沃波尔.霍勒斯·沃波尔很欣赏这些诗,真以为这是15世纪的作品.后来霍勒斯·沃波尔把这些诗拿给诗人托马斯·格雷看,格雷立刻断定是伪作.霍勒斯·沃波尔把它们退还给查特顿,并且停止与查特顿通信.1770年查特顿来到伦敦,企图在杂志上发表他的“罗利诗篇”.他在伦敦举目无亲,穷愁潦倒,但不愿向人借钱或乞讨,终于在绝望中自杀.

初唐四杰:王勃、杨炯、卢照邻、骆宾王
三曹:指汉魏间曹操与其子曹丕、曹植
建安七子：孔融、陈琳、王粲、徐干、阮瑀、应玚、刘桢.
唐宋八大家：唐代的韩愈、柳宗元和宋代的欧阳修、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩.

Shelley,one of the most talented lyric poets in English literary history,is regarded as "Poet of the Poets".He is very knowledgeable and is not only a Platonist but also a great idealist.His poetry is fast-pasted and positive.His representative works include long poems 《Prometheus Unbound》 and 《The Cenci》,as well as the immortal masterpiece 《 Ode to the West Wind》.

大李杜是盛唐时的李白与杜甫.小李杜是晚唐时的李商隐与杜牧

该时期,出现了但丁,莎士比亚等人,该时期提出了人文主义

1
Beowulf is an Old English heroic epic poem of unknown authorship,dating as recorded in the Nowell Codex manuscript from between the 8th[1] to the early 11th century,[2] and relates events described as having occurred in what is now Denmark and Sweden.Commonly cited as one of the most important works of Anglo-Saxon literature,Beowulf has been the subject of much scholarly study,theory,speculation,discourse,and,at 3182 lines,has been noted for its length.
3
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a late 14th-century Middle English alliterative romance outlining an adventure of Sir Gawain,a knight of King Arthur's Round Table.In the tale,Sir Gawain accepts a challenge from a mysterious warrior who is completely green,from his clothes and hair to his beard and skin.The "Green Knight" offers to allow anyone to strike him with his axe if the challenger will take a return blow in a year and a day.Gawain accepts,and beheads him in one blow,only to have the Green Knight stand up,pick up his head,and remind Gawain to meet him at the appointed time
4
A ballad is a poem usually set to music; thus,it often is a story told in a song[1].Any myth form may be told as a ballad,such as historical accounts or fairy tales in verse form.It usually has foreshortened,alternating four-stress lines ("ballad meter") and simple repeating rhymes,often with a refrain
5
Robin Hood is an archetypal figure in English folklore,whose story originates from medieval times but who remains significant in popular culture where he is known for robbing the rich to give to the poor and fighting against injustice and tyranny.His band includes "three score" group of fellow outlawed yeomen 鈥 called his "Merry Men".[1] He has been the subject of numerous films,television series,books,comics,and plays.In the earliest sources Robin Hood is a commoner,but he would often later be portrayed as the dispossessed Earl of Huntingdon
6
Geoffrey Chaucer (c.1343 鈥 25 October 1400?) was an English author,poet,philosopher,bureaucrat,courtier and diplomat.Although he wrote many works,he is best remembered for his unfinished frame narrative The Canterbury Tales.Sometimes called the father of English literature,Chaucer is credited by some scholars as the first author to demonstrate the artistic legitimacy of the vernacular English language,rather than French or Latin.
7
heroic couplet is a traditional form for English poetry,commonly used for epic and narrative poetry; it refers to poems constructed from a sequence of rhyming pairs of iambic pentameter lines.The rhyme is always masculine.Use of the heroic couplet was first pioneered by Geoffrey Chaucer in the Legend of Good Women and the Canterbury Tales.Chaucer is also widely credited with first extensive use of iambic pentameter
8
The Authorized King James Version is an English translation of the Christian Bible begun in 1604 and first published in 1611 by the Church of England.The Great Bible was the first "authorized version" issued by the Church of England in the reign of King Henry VIII.[4] In January 1604,King James I of England convened the Hampton Court Conference where a new English version was conceived in response to the perceived problems of the earlier translations as detected by the Puritans,a faction within the Church of England.
9
The Renaissance (from French Renaissance,meaning "rebirth"; Italian:Rinascimento,from re- "again" and nascere "be born")[1] was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the 14th to the 17th century,beginning in Italy in the late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe.The term is also used more loosely to refer to the historic era,but since the changes of the Renaissance were not uniform,this is a very general use of the term.
10
Thomas More (7 February 1478 鈥 6 July 1535) was an English lawyer,author,and statesman who in his lifetime gained a reputation as a leading humanist scholar,and occupied many public offices,including Lord Chancellor (1529鈥?532),in which he had a number of people burned at the stake for heresy.More coined the word "utopia",a name he gave to an ideal,imaginary island nation whose political system he described in the eponymous book published in 1516.He was beheaded in 1535 when he refused to sign the Act of Supremacy that declared Henry VIII Supreme Head of the Church of England.
11
The sonnet is one of the poetic forms that can be found in lyric poetry from Europe.The term "sonnet" derives from the Occitan word sonet and the Italian word sonetto,both meaning "little song".By the thirteenth century,it had come to signify a poem of fourteen lines that follows a strict rhyme scheme and specific structure.The conventions associated with the sonnet have evolved over its history.The writers of sonnets are sometimes referred to as "sonneteers," although the term can be used derisively.One of the best-known sonnet writers is Shakespeare,who wrote 154 of them.A Shakespearean sonnet consists of 14 lines,each line contains ten syllables,and each line is written in iambic pentameter in which a pattern of a non-emphasized syllable followed by an emphasized syllable is repeated five times.The rhyme scheme in a Shakespearean sonnet is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG,in which the last two lines are a rhyming couplet.
12
Blank verse is a type of poetry,distinguished by having a regular meter,but no rhyme.In English,the meter most commonly used with blank verse has been iambic pentameter (like that which is used in Shakespearean plays
13
Edmund Spenser (c.1552 鈥 13 January 1599) was an important English poet best known for The Faerie Queene,an epic poem celebrating,through fantastical allegory,the Tudor dynasty and Elizabeth I.He is recognized as one of the premier craftsmen of Modern English verse in its infancy.
The Faerie Queene is an English epic poem by Edmund Spenser,published first in three books in 1590,and later in six books in 1596.The Faerie Queene is notable for its form:it was the first work written in Spenserian stanza.It is an allegorical work,written in praise of Queen Elizabeth I.Largely symbolic,the poem follows several knights in an examination of several virtues.
Amoretti was first published in 1595 in London by William Ponsonby.It was printed as part of a volume entitled 鈥淎moretti and Epithalamion.Written not long since by Edmunde Spenser.鈥 The volume included the sequence of 89 sonnets,along with a series of short poems called Anacreontics and an Epithalamion,a public poetic celebration of marriage
15
Christopher "Kit" Marlowe (baptised 26 February 1564 鈥 30 May 1593) was an English dramatist,poet and translator of the Elizabethan era.The foremost Elizabethan tragedian next to William Shakespeare,he is known for his blank verse,his overreaching protagonists,and his own mysterious and untimely death