圣彼得大教堂 特征?

Vatican City n ti] (help·info),officially the State of the Vatican City (Italian:Stato della Città del Vaticano),is a landlocked sovereign city-state whose territory consists of a walled enclave within the city of Rome.At approximately 44 hectares (110 acres),and with a population of around 800,it is the smallest independent state in the world by both population and area.[2][3][4]
Vatican City is a city-state.It came into existence only in 1929.It is thus clearly distinct from the central authority of the Roman Catholic Church,known as the Holy See,which existed long before 1929.Ordinances of Vatican City are published in Italian.Official documents of the Holy See are issued mainly in Latin.The two entities even have distinct passports:the Holy See,not being a country,only issues diplomatic and service passports; the state of Vatican City issues normal passports.In both cases the number of passports issued is extremely limited.
The Lateran Treaty in 1929,which brought the city-state into existence,spoke of it as a new creation (Preamble and Article III),not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756-1870) that had previously encompassed central Italy.Most of this territory was absorbed into the Kingdom of Italy in 1860,and the final portion,namely the city of Rome with a small area close to it,ten years later,in 1870.
Vatican City is a non-hereditary,elected monarchy that is ruled by the Bishop of Rome — the Pope.The highest state functionaries are all clergymen of the Catholic Church.It is the sovereign territory of the Holy See (Sancta Sedes) and the location of the Pope's residence,referred to as the Apostolic Palace.
The Popes have resided in the area that in 1929 became the Vatican City only since the return from Avignon in 1377.Previously,they resided in the Lateran Palace on the Caelian Hill on the opposite side of Rome,which was out of repair in 1377.The signing of the agreements that established the new state took place in the latter building,giving rise to the name of Lateran Pacts,by which they are known.

要获得自然的科学知识,就必须把认识建筑在感觉经验的基础上.他还提出了经验从15世纪开始,意大利文艺复兴美术进入蓬 勃发展阶段,佛罗伦萨仍然是最大中心

An Authentic Church in a Changing World
The International Church of Milan is a Bible believing English language fellowship established by men and women seeking to know God and to make Him known.We exist to love,to trust and to make God’s truth known.We love the Lord with all we’ve got – heart,soul,mind and strength – and love others as Christ loves us.We trust Him as our salvation,our provider,and the One who works in us to make us like Him.We teach the truth of God as we find it in His Word,to as many as we possibly can.St.Peter's of Rome Commentary
"St.Peter's,the most magnificent church in Christendom and the fruit of many talents,soars triumphantly above the Vatican Hill.For nearly 150 years,a succession of popes entertained the idea of glorifying the shrine of their patron saint."
"The medal by Caradosso (1506) and the partial plan drawn by Bramante (in the Uffizi,Florence),probably represent the earliest stage of the design,before the difficulties appeared which obliged the architect and his successors to propose,and in some cases implement,numerous changes.These changes related not only to the general conception of the plan—first a Greek cross,then a Latin one—but also to the plan of the transepts,which at one time were to have ambulatories; to the role of the Orders,first purely decorative (Bramante),then structural (Raphael,Michelangelo); and to the construction and shape of the dome,first with a single masonry shell (Bramante),then a double one (Sangallo,Michelangelo).The piers at the crossing,which were intended to support the dome,were one of the biggest problems; too slender in Bramante's plan,they were frequently reinforced...In the 17th century further important modifications were made by Bernini when he created the great colonnade that encircles the Piazza San Pietro."

圣彼得大教堂是人类历史上不朽的建筑艺术瑰宝,由文艺复兴时代的建筑名师布拉曼特设计,由拉斐尔和米开朗琪罗主持工程,修建这座大教堂用了120年的时间,许多艺术家贡献了毕生的心血.

先说为什么像,因为圣保罗（英国那个哈）本来就是模仿和学习意大利的文艺复兴建筑圣彼得大教堂,区别一个是年代上的圣彼得早于圣保罗；平面上,圣彼得的平面是米开朗基诺设计的希腊十字式（等臂长的十字）,加上被教皇强行拆除正立面加咯三跨的巴西里卡,而圣保罗的平面也是几经改变,为咯表现天主教教义,为拉丁十字式,就是一个轴线方向更长；穹顶,圣彼得的饱满,圣保罗在穹顶之上有哥特式的小尖塔,穹顶本身是采用伯拉孟特的坦比哀多的构图,并且在立面上为咯统一也有一对哥特式的塔；在风格的界定上,圣彼得是意大利文艺复兴的最伟大的纪念碑,圣保罗是英国古典主义的产品；年代上圣保罗是17世纪中后期到18世纪前期,圣彼得是16世纪的.如果你要是识图的话,恩,圣彼得的立面女儿墙上有圣徒雕塑,三角形山花很干净,前面用巨柱,直通一二层；而圣保罗特点是有一对钟塔很像哥特的建筑,正面两层柱,并且是双柱的,三角形山花很丰富.
图自己搜搜很多哈.基本就是这几点咯.凭记忆的.要是你要数据,我会找给你哈