经典故事《小马过河》给了我们什么启迪

三打白骨精：说明孙悟空坚持不懈，本领高强 女儿国：不为美色所迷惑，定力好 智降红孩儿：机智聪明

鲁智深在大相国寺,被禅师派去管菜园子.教训了几个来偷菜的泼皮,泼皮们很敬服他,第二天凑钱买酒来请鲁智深.正喝到兴头上,旁边柳树上传来乌鸦的聒噪声,吵得很.鲁智深借着酒兴,走过去弯下身子,倒抱着柳树,把它连根拔起.泼皮们见了,佩服得拜倒在地.

三打白骨精

关于春节的：年的传说
History of Spring Festival
The Spring Festival,also known as the Lunar New Year,is the most important traditional festival in China,which falls on in late January or early February.
The historical reason for beginning the new year in such a time is that it is the time between autumn harvest and spring plowing and planning.In another words,it is the time for rest,relaxation and celebration after a year’s toil.Except this practical reason for celebrating the Spring Festival,a popular Chinese legend offers another explanation,which is affectedly known in China.In ancient time,a mythological demon called” Nian” that lived under the sea would plague people once a year on the even of the new year.It jumped out from the sea,attacked villages,devouring people,animals and plants.Could no longer bear Nian’s brutal persecution,the villagers gathered to discuss how to deal with” Nian” and some people suggested that the demon was afraid of loud noises,red color and flame.So people lighted firecrackers,put on red couplets on their gates,lit firework and beat gongs and drums to drive Nian away.The idea worked and Nian ran away.Since ever,the custom and tradition of celebrating the Spring Festival born and the practice of putting red couplets on gates,setting off firecrackers,etc have been passed down.

龟兔赛跑
乌龟与兔为他们俩谁跑得快而争论不休.于是,他们定好了比赛的时间和地点.比赛一开始,兔觉得自己是天生的飞毛腿,跑得快,对比赛掉以轻心,躺在路旁睡着了.乌龟深知自己走得慢,毫不气馁,不停地朝前奔跑.结果,乌龟超过了睡熟了的兔子,夺得了胜利的奖品.这故事说明,奋发图强的弱者也能战胜骄傲自满的强者.
狼来了
有个放羊娃赶着他的羊群到村外很远的地方去放牧.他老是喜欢说谎,开玩笑,时常大声向村里人呼救,谎称有狼来袭他的羊群.开始两三回,村里人都惊慌得立刻跑来,被他嘲笑后,没趣地走了回去.后来,有一天,狼真的来了,窜入羊群,大肆咬杀.牧羊娃对着村里拼命呼喊救命,村里人却认为他又在像往常一样说谎,开玩笑,没有人再理他.结果,他的羊群全被狼吃掉了.这故事说明,那些常常说谎话的人,即使再说真话也无人相信.
口渴的乌鸦
乌鸦口渴得要命,飞到一只大水罐旁,水罐里没有很多水,他想尽了办法,仍喝不到.于是,他就使出全身力气去推,想把罐推倒,倒出水来,而大水罐却推也推不动.这时,乌鸦想起了他曾经使用的办法,用口叼着石子投到水罐里,随着石子的增多,罐里的水也就逐渐地升高了.最后,乌鸦高兴地喝到了水,解了口渴.这故事说明,智慧往往胜过力气.
狐狸和葡萄
饥饿的狐狸看见葡萄架上挂着一串串晶莹剔透的葡萄,口水直流,想要摘下来吃,但又摘不到.看了一会儿,无可奈何地走了,他边走边自己安慰自己说：“这葡萄没有熟,肯定是酸的.”这就是说,有些人无能为力,做不成事,就找借口说时机未成熟.
农夫与蛇
冬天,农夫发现一条蛇冻僵了,他很可怜它,便把蛇放在自己怀里.蛇温暖后,苏醒了过来,恢复了它的本性,咬了它的恩人一口,使他受到了致命的伤害.农夫临死前说：“我该死,我怜悯恶人,应该受恶报.”这故事说明,即使对恶人仁至义尽,他们的邪恶本性也是不会改变的.
狼与小羊
一只小羊在河边喝水,狼见到后,便想找一个名正言顺的借口吃掉他.于是他跑到上游,恶狠狠地说小羊把河水搅浑浊了,使他喝不到清水.小羊回答说,他仅仅站在河边喝水,并且又在下游,根本不可能把上游的水搅浑.狼见此计不成,又说道：“我父亲去年被你骂过.”小羊说,那时他还没有出生.狼对他说：“不管你怎样辩解,反正我不会放过你.”这说明,对恶人做任何正当的辩解也是无效的.
卖神像的人
有人雕刻了一个赫耳墨斯的木像,拿到市场去卖.因为没有一个买主上前,他便大声叫喊,想招揽生意,说有赐福招财的神出售.这时旁边有一个人对他说道：“喂,朋友,既然这样,你自己应该享受他的好处,为什么还要卖掉他呢?”他回答说：“我要的是现在马上能兑现利益,这神的利益却来得很慢.”这故事正是说那种不择手段地求利,连神也不尊敬的人是可耻的.

《狗和公鸡与狐狸》《狮子与鹿》、《捕鸟人与冠雀》、《两个锅》《农夫和蛇》、《狐狸和葡萄》、《狼和小羊》、《龟兔赛跑》、《牧童和狼》、《农夫和他的孩子们》、《蚊子和狮子》

很久以前,乌龟与兔子之间发生了争论,它们都说自己跑得比对方快.于是它们决定通过比赛来一决雌雄.确定了路线之后它们就开始跑了起来. 兔子一个箭步冲到了前面,并且一路领先.看到乌龟被远远抛在了后面,兔子觉得,自己应该先在树下休息一会儿,然后再继续比赛. 于是,它在树下坐了下来,并且很快睡着了.乌龟慢慢地超过了它,并且完成了整个赛程,无可争辩地当上了冠军.兔子醒了过来,发现自己输了. 启示一：稳步前进者往往能够获得最终的胜利. 我们从小到大所听到的都是故事的这个版本.然而最近,有人讲述了这个故事的另一个版本. 兔子因为输掉了比赛而感到失望,它做了一些失利原因的分析.兔子发现,自己失败只是因为过于自信而导致粗心大意、疏于防范. 如果它不那么自以为是,乌龟根本没有获胜的可能.于是兔子向乌龟提出挑战：再比一次.乌龟同意了. 于是在这一次比赛中,兔子全力以赴,毫不停歇地从起点跑到了终点.它把乌龟甩在几公里之后

不足之处在于表达过于空泛了,没讲到重点,六则个主要讲学习,你谈“品德”就有点扯远了,“做一个知识渊博的人”,缺少过程,有点夸耀.”
我会说“通过对《论语六则》这篇典故的学习,我深深体会到一个人学习的重要性,我也能感受到先哲们对学习孜孜以求的精神,因此,我也希望自己向他们学习,做一个敏而好学,不耻下问的人.”

高斯念小学的时候,有一次在老师教完加法后,因为老师想要休息,所以便出了一道题目要同学们算算看,题目是：1+2+3+ .+97+98+99+100 = 老师心里正想,这下子小朋友一定要算到下课了吧!正要借口出去时,却被 高斯叫住了!原...

　　1 这首歌歌颂了三国时期的哪位英雄人物?谈谈他的经典故事.
　　英雄人物：周瑜
　　经典故事：
　　周瑜打黄盖
　　赤壁之战时,孙权命周瑜为大都督对抗曹操.为了让使曹操上当,周瑜和黄盖决定使用苦肉计.于是在军事会议上,黄盖假装与周瑜意见不和,甚至出言不逊.于是周瑜大怒,下令将黄盖斩首,众将苦苦求情,周瑜便将黄盖处于杖刑,将黄盖打得卧床不起.这正是做给诈降周瑜的蔡中蔡和看的.于是阚泽为黄盖献诈降书,蔡中蔡和又恰好将这一假情报传回了曹营,曹操就相信了黄盖,之后赤壁之战爆发,诈降的黄盖开船来投降曹操,不料曹操中计,曹操的船团被黄盖的火船击中而着火,加上庞统的连环计和诸葛亮招来的东风,曹操军溃不成军,经过周瑜的奇袭后几乎全军覆没,甚至到了差点要被关羽所杀的地步.之后曹操怕周瑜,一直不敢南下.
　　其中在打黄盖时有一个很小的插曲:周瑜要将黄盖斩首时,鲁肃替黄盖求情,而且暗示一旁观看的诸葛亮一起求情,但是诸葛亮一点要求情的意思都没有.等到黄盖被打五十大板之后,鲁肃去营中找诸葛亮质问:"黄盖被打,我等都去求情,你是贵客,为什么见死不救?"诸葛亮听完脸色一变:"子敬(鲁肃的字)欺负我啊!"鲁肃就疑惑了:"我一直对待你都不错,哪来欺负你?"诸葛亮大笑着说:这是周瑜和黄盖在用苦肉计,利用假情报让蔡中蔡和传消息,我怎么可以随便说出?"鲁肃显得有点不相信,诸葛亮又说:"这事千万别告诉周瑜.要不他又要找我麻烦了,你只说我也埋怨他就行了."鲁肃便答应了.回到周瑜营中,周瑜问鲁肃;"诸葛亮对此事有何看法?"鲁肃便按照诸葛亮教他的回答:"他说他也埋怨都督做法."周瑜听完非常高兴:"这次瞒过他了."鲁肃问怎么回事,周瑜回答:"这是我和黄盖为了麻痹曹操使的诈降计,看来诸葛亮完全不知道,这人未必是我对手."鲁肃听完大吃一惊,心里暗暗佩服诸葛亮的先见之明.
　　可见苦肉计瞒得过曹操,瞒不过诸葛亮.要是曹操像诸葛亮一样谨慎,那么黄盖那五十杖不单白打,赤壁之战的历史也要改写了
　　周瑜打黄盖后来演变成一条歇后语：周瑜打黄盖 —— 一个愿打,一个愿挨.用以比喻两方面都愿意的事情.

鑻辫?璇濆墽鍓ф湰The Bus
A Story about Love and Stinky Feet
5-6浜鸿嫳璇?墽鏈?氦杞︿笂鐨勬晠浜?閫傚悎澶у?鐢熸椿,鍏充簬鐖卞拰鑷?剼鐨勬晠浜?
Female student A:,Female student B,Female student C,Boy A:Wang Chiang-rui
Boy B,Old woman,
Scene One
(Three female students are chatting on a bus.Because all the seats are taken,they are standing,holding onto some plastic rings hanging down from the bus roof.Two boys are sleeping in their seats.Then the bus arrives at a stop and an old woman gets on.She looks at the seats.Seeing no empty seats,she stands next to a female student and holds onto a plastic ring.)
Old woman:There're no empty seats.I guess I'll have to stand.
(The female students find the old woman not having a seat.They want to help her find one to sit in.)
Female student A:We should find a seat for her.
Female student B:Right.Those two bad boys did not give their seats to her.
(The two boys continue to sleep.)
Female student C:We should find a seat for her.
Female students A & B:Yes.
(Female student A goes to Boy A and taps on his shoulder.)
Female Student A:Excuse me,could you give your seat to that old lady?
(Boy A stretches and continues to sleep.Female students A and B look at each other.Female student B taps on Boy A's shoulder.)
Female Student B:Hey!Can you give your seat to that old lady?
Boy A:(wakes up) I lined up for twenty hours yesterday to buy A-Mei's new album.I'm very tired.I'm sorry I can't give my seat to the old lady.(continues to sleep)
Female student C:What should we do?
Female student B:Let's ask the other boy.
Boy B:(gets up suddenly) Ah!
All:(startled)Ah!
Female student B:What happened?
Female student C:Why did you scream?
Boy B:I had a nightmare.It was terrible.
Female student B:Excuse me,can you give your seat to that old lady?
(Boy B falls asleep.)
Female student A:Hello!Is it OK for you to make room for that old lady?
Boy B:Let me sleep,please.I read an English novel all night last night and didn't get any sleep.Can you let me sleep for a while?
Female student A:Well,we've tried.
Female student B:The young man is really brash.
Old woman:Thank you,young ladies!I'm OK!Don't think I'm an old woman.I am healthy.(makes a few kicks like a young man)
Female student C:Maybe we worry too much.The old lady's very healthy.
(The bus driver hits the brake suddenly and the old woman falls over.It makes Boy A wake up.)
Boy A:Oh!Are you OK?
Old woman:Oh!Oh!My waist!
Boy A:You can take my seat.(helps the old woman to the seat)
Female student C:Hmm.He just got his conscience.
Female student A:Yeah!I was just about to say they got no manners.
Female student B:Yeah.I thought he was a cold-blooded animal.
Boy A:Hey!Watch your own manners.I've given her my seat.I'm really very tired.
(At this time Boy B is embarrassed.He dares not continue to sleep.)
Old woman:Thank you,young man.I'm old and useless.
Boy B:Don't say that.If I'd given you my seat earlier,the accident wouldn't have happened.
(The bus driver hits the brake suddenly again.Boy A falls down.)
Scene Two
(The Old woman and Boy B sit in the seats.Boy A is standing behind the three girls and drowsing.The three girls continue to chat.Boy A is drowsing carelessly and bumps into Female student A's body.)
Female student A:Oh!Who touched me?(turns her head around and sees
Boy A standing behind her) It's you,right?
Boy A:What?
Female student B:Why?You did it intentionally,didn't you?
Boy A:Wait.I didn't do anything.
Female student C:You touched her intentionally,right?
Boy A:Hey,I'm not that kind of person.(looks at Boy B) Hey鈥 Is it you?
Boy B:(confused and shakes his head) Not me.I was sleeping.
(The bus driver hits the brake suddenly again.Boy A bumps into Female student A again.)
Female student A:(angry) Still saying it wasn't you?You pig!
Boy A:I didn't mean it.
Old woman:Nowadays boys are not the same as those in the past.Boys in the past were all very polite.Now boys are reckless.
Female student C:Now what do you have to say?Apologize to her.Hurry!
Boy A:Alright!Alright!(to female student A) I'm sorry.
(Female student A ignores him and continues to chat with the other two girls.)
Boy A:It's not my day today.
Boy B:Gentlemen don't fight with women.And she's no nice woman.
Old woman:Nowadays girls don't have good temper.Time really changed.
Boy B:Older people know more than us.
Old woman:When I was a young student,I got love letters from many men every day.For the sake of manners,I went out with different men every day.
(Boys A and B don't know what to say.Suddenly the bus driver hits the brake.The old woman bumps into Female student C's hips.)
Female student C:(surprised) You.
(The old woman looks at Female student C and says nothing.)
Old woman:You have nice hips.
Female student B:I can't believe the old woman is capable of sexual harassment.
Female student C:Maybe nowadays old people are not the same as those in the past.
Female student A:Maybe after losing her husband,she feels lonely.
Female student B:Ah!Here we are.Let's get off.
Female student C:We'd better stay away from those strange people.
(Female students get off the bus.)
Boy B:Who are those strange people?They're real strange.(helps the old woman
up) Are you O.K.Those young girls have no sympathy.
Old woman:(feels Boy B's hand) You also have a pair of very fine hands.
Boy B:(startled) What?
Boy A:This old woman is also very strange.
Boy B:Let's go!
Old woman:Don't be shy,young man.I have held such kind of hand for a long time.
(Boy B frees himself from the old woman's hand and gets off.)
Old woman:(looks at Boy A) You're nice,too.
Boy A:Hmm,good-bye.(gets off)
Դ

原文:石崇与王恺争豪,并穷绮丽以饰舆服.武帝,恺之甥也,每助恺.尝以一珊瑚树高二尺许赐恺,枝柯扶疏,世罕其比.恺以示崇.崇视讫,以铁如意击之,应手而碎.恺既惋惜,又以为疾己之宝,声色甚厉.崇曰：“不足恨,今还卿.”乃命左右悉取珊瑚树,有三尺四尺、条干绝世,光彩溢目者六七枚,如恺者甚众.恺惘然自失.选自《世说新语·汰侈》
译文：石崇和王恺争比阔绰,互不示弱.晋武帝是王恺的外甥,常常资助王恺.他曾把一棵二尺来高的珊瑚树送与王恺,这棵珊瑚树枝条葳蕤,相映成趣,少有可与之媲比的.王恺拿来给石崇看,自鸣得意,谁知石崇看后,就用铁如意敲它,应手而碎.王恺既惋惜,又觉得石崇在妒忌他,一时声色俱厉.
石崇说：“不值得遗憾,现在就赔给你.”于是叫下人把家里的珊瑚树尽数取出,不乏三尺、四尺高的,树干、枝条举世无双且光彩夺目,像王恺那样的就更多了.王恺看了,惘然若失.
启示：目光短视、敝帚自珍者,必须打破

张飞穿针-----------大眼瞪小眼 蜀中无大将----------廖化作先锋

樵夫与赫耳墨斯
有个樵夫在河边砍柴,不小心把斧子掉到河里,被河水冲走了.他坐在河岸上失声痛哭.赫耳墨斯知道了此事,很可怜他,走来问明原因后,便下到河里,捞起一把金斧子来,问是否是他的,他说不是；接着赫耳墨斯又捞起一把银斧子来问是不是他掉下去的,他仍说不是；赫耳墨斯第三次下去,捞起樵夫自己的斧子来时,樵夫说这才是自己所失掉的那一把.赫耳墨斯很赞赏樵夫为人诚实,便把金斧、银斧都作为礼物送给他.樵夫带着三把斧子回到家里,把事情经过详细地告诉了朋友们.其中有一个人十分眼红,决定也去碰碰运气,跑到河边,故意把自己的斧子丢到急流中,然后坐在那儿痛哭起来.赫耳墨斯来到在他面前,问明了他痛哭的原因,便下河捞起一把金斧子来,问是不是他所丢失的.那人高兴地说：“呀,正是；正是!”然而他那贪婪和不诚实的样子却遭到了赫耳墨斯的痛恨,不但没赏给他那把金斧子,就连他自己的那把斧子也没给他.
这故事说明,诚实人会得到人们帮助,狡诈的人必遭到人们唾弃.

罗素悖论又称“理发师悖论”
罗素悖论：设性质P(x)表示“x不属于x”,现假设由性质P确定了一个类A——也就是说“A={x|x不属于x}”.那么问题是：A属于A是否成立?首先,若A属于A,则A是A的元素,那么A具有性质P,由性质P知A不属于A；其次,若A不属于 A,也就是说A具有性质P,而A是由所有具有性质P的类组成的,所以A属于A.
罗素悖论提出后,数学家们纷纷提出自己的解决方案.人们希望能够通过对康托尔的集合论进行改造,通过对集合定义加以限制来排除悖论,这就需要建立新的原则.“这些原则必须足够狭窄,以保证排除一切矛盾；另一方面又必须充分广阔,使康托尔集合论中一切有价值的内容得以保存下来.”解决这一悖论在本质上存在两种选择,the Zermelo-Fraenkel alternative 和 the von Neumann-Bernays alternative.
1908年,策梅罗（Ernst Zermelo)在自己这一原则基础上提出第一个公理化集合论体系,后来这一公理化集合系统很大程度上弥补了康托尔朴素集合论的缺陷.这一公理系统在通过 Abraham Fraenkel的该进后被称为Zermelo-Fraenkel(ZF) axioms.在该公理系统中,由于限制公理（The Axion Schema of Comprehension或Subset Axioms)：P(x)是x的一个性质,对任意已知集合A,存在一个集合B使得对所有元素x∈B当且仅当x∈A且P(x)；因此{x∣x是一个集合}并不能在该系统中写成一个集合,由于它并不是任何已知集合的子集；并且通过该公理,存在集合A={x∣x是一个集合}在ZF系统中能被证明是矛盾的,因此罗素悖论在该系统中被避免了.
除ZF系统外,集合论的公理系统还有多种,如冯·诺伊曼（von Neumann)等人提出的NBG系统等.在the von Neumann-Bernays alternative中,所有包含集合的collection都能被称为类(class),因此某些集合也能被称为class,但是某些 collection太大了（比如一个collection包含所有集合）以至于不能是一个集合,因此仅仅是个class.这同样也避免了罗素悖论.

　　感恩的心
　　有一个天生失语的小女孩,爸爸在她很小的时候就去世了.她和妈妈相依为命.妈妈每天很早出去工作,很晚才回来.每到日落时分,小女孩就开始站在家门口,充满期待地望着门前的那条路,等妈妈回家.妈妈回来的时候是她一天中最快乐的时刻,因为妈妈每天都要给她带一块年糕回家.在她们贫穷的家里,一块小小的年糕都是无上的美味了啊.
　　有一天,下着很大的雨,已经过了晚饭时间了,妈妈却还没有回来.小女孩站在家门口望啊望啊,总也等不到妈妈的身影.天,越来越黑,雨,越下越大,小女孩决定顺着妈妈每天回来的路自己去找妈妈.她走啊走啊,走了很远,终于在路边看见了倒在地上的妈妈.她使劲摇着妈妈的身体,妈妈却没有回答她.她以为妈妈太累,睡着了.就把妈妈的头枕在自己的腿上,想让妈妈睡得舒服一点.但是这时她发现,妈*的眼睛没有闭上!小女孩突然明白：妈妈可能已经死了!她感到恐惧,拉过妈*的手使劲摇晃,却发现妈妈的手里还紧紧地拽着一块年糕……她拼命地哭着,却发不出一点声音……
　　雨一直在下,小女孩也不知哭了多久.她知道妈妈再也不会醒来,现在就只剩下她自己.妈妈的眼睛为什么不闭上呢?她是因为不放心她吗?她突然明白了自己该怎样做.于是擦干眼泪,决定用自己的语言来告诉妈妈她一定会好好地活着,让妈妈放心地走……
　　小女孩就在雨中一遍一遍用手语做着这首《感恩的心》,泪水和雨水混在一起,从她小小的却写满坚强的脸上滑过……“感恩的心,感谢有你,伴我一生,让我有勇气做我自己……感恩的心,感谢命运,花开花落,我一样会珍惜……”她就这样站在雨中不停歇地做着,一直到妈妈的眼睛终于闭上……

性格特征
首先,沙僧是除了唐僧信仰最坚定的人.

其次,沙僧虽寡言少语却又洞察秋毫,能够把握时机进行人际关系调解,是取经团队中最好的“磨合剂”.


第三,沙僧是四人团队中最兢兢业业、勤勤恳恳的“老黄牛”人物.

第四,沙僧更善解人意、为他人着想.


第五,为人处事小心谨慎,更懂得人情世故.



第二十二回 八戒大战流沙河 木叉奉法收悟净

话说唐僧师徒三众,脱难前来,不一日,行过了八百黄风岭,进西却是一脉平阳之地.光阴迅速,历夏经秋,见了些寒蝉鸣败柳,大火向西流.正行处,只见一道大水狂澜,浑波涌浪.

三藏在马上忙呼道：“徒弟,你看那前边水势宽阔,怎不见船只行走,我们从那里过去?”八戒见了道：“果是狂澜,无舟可渡.”

那行者跳在空中,用手搭凉篷而看,他也心惊道：“师父啊,真个是难,真个是难!这条河若论老孙去呵,只消把腰儿扭一扭,就过去了；若师父,诚千分难渡,万载难行.”三藏道：“我这里一望无边,端的有多少宽阔?”行者道：“径过有八百里远近.”

第五十三回 入云龙斗法破高廉 黑旋风下井救柴进
第七十四回 燕青智扑擎天柱 李逵寿张乔坐衙

鹦鹉——鹦鹉学舌。[虽然有说话的本领，但说的没一句是自己的]
苍蝇——苍蝇不叮无缝的蛋。[世界是从来就不缺少蛋缝（美），缺少的是发现蛋缝（美）的眼睛。]

略

英汉对照没用：读懂不是听懂.读懂变成听懂很难,听懂却一定能读懂!

（1）①吴用②孙悟空③刘备④林黛玉
（2）诸葛亮向曹操借箭。（1分）周瑜设计陷害诸葛亮，诸葛亮将计就计，趁大雾天扎草人攻打曹营，借来十万支箭，完成任务。（2分）

略

设还需要x个小球,则：
每个小球投入后水面上升了：
34-28=6
6/3=2
则：
2x=48-34
x=7
答：……

河阳县,空传桃李春.

关云长大意失荆州
刘备刚取蜀地,流关羽守荆州.关羽发动北伐,水淹七军,杀庞德,降于禁,败曹仁,志得意满
此前就有关于东吴要袭取荆州的消息,但东吴大都督吕蒙用陆逊的计策,装病以陆逊暂代都督位,关羽以陆逊黄口小儿轻视之,全军北伐,后防空虚
终于被东吴所趁,袭取了荆州
三国时的荆州是一块很大的地方.包括现在的湖北湖南重庆四川陕西河南等省的全部或一部分.
诸葛亮七擒孟获.

姜太公钓鱼
A Willing Victim Letting Himself Be Caught
The story happened around 3000 years ago.There was a wise man named Jiang Ziya living in a village near the Weishui River.He often went fishing at the Weishui River,but he would fish in an unusual way.He hung a straight fishhook,without bait,there feet above the water One day a farmer named Wu Ji went to the river,and saw the strange way of fishing by Ji He laughed and said,“How stupid it is to even think about fishing this way,how many fishes can you get?” Jiang Ziya replied,” lf a fish doesn’t want to live any more,it will come and swallow the hook itself.” Soon his strange way of fishing was reported to Ji Chang,the Count of the feudal estate .Ji Chang was very interested,and went to visit Jiang personally.Soon they became great friends as Ji Chang realized that Jiang might be a great talent.He invited Jiang to work for him .Jiang helped Ji Chang and his son turn over the Shang Dynasty and establish the Zhou Dynasty.Jiang was given the title of Taigong,so people called him ’’Jiang Taigong.” Today,people use this old idiom “A willing victim Letting Himself Be Caught” to describe someone who willingly falls in a trap or does something regardless of the result.
毛遂自荐
Mao Sui Recommended Himself
In the Warring States Period ,the king of Zhao planned to ask the King of the State of Chu to resist Qin’s attacks together .He sent Pingyuan to Chu convince their king Before Pingyuan left ,a man called Mao Sui showed up ,volunteered to go with him .Pingyuan said ,”I haven’t heard that you have any special abilities ,so what help can you do over there ” Mao Sui said ,”You put me in a bag ,and my special abilities will stick out like an awl .” So Pingyuan agreed to take Mao Sui to the State of Chu .The negotiations between the two states lasted from morning to noon ,and still couldn’t come to a conclusion.At this time Mao Sui came up and said ,”Chu is a state big enough to rule the world .However ,you are so afraid of Qin.It is such a shame that we Zhao people are embarrassed by you .Now we ask you to combine our troops ,but you are acting like a coward !” The king of Chu felt ashamed after Mao Sui’s passionate words .He finally agreed to send troops tp fight Qin .This idiom describes the courage of self –recommending by people with great abilities .
对牛弹琴
Playing the Lute to a Cow
Once upon a time ,there was a man who played the lute very wellOne day ,he played a tune in front of a cow ,hoping that the cow would appreciate it .The tune was melodious ,but the cow showed no reaction ,and just kept on eating grass.The man sighed ,and went away .This idiom is used to mock the idea of reasoning with stupid people or talking to the wrong audience .

守株待兔的英译文Staying by a Stump Waiting for More Hares To Come and Dash Themselves Against ItThis story took place more than 2,000 years ago,in the Warring States period（475-221 B.C.）.Tradition h...

解题思路：分析表中数据可得物重G与水面到“0N”刻度线的距离H成正比，[G/H]为一定值，据此求水面离“0N”刻度线3.5 厘米时，秤盘上所放的物体重；
（1）求出秤盘排开水的体积，利用阿基米德原理求秤盘受到的浮力；
（2）知道秤盘底所处的深度，利用液体压强公式求秤盘底受到水的压强．

由表中数据可得：物重G与水面到“0N”刻度线的距离H成正比，即[G/H]为一定值，所以当水面离“0N”刻度线3.5 厘米时，秤盘上所放的物体重为7N；
（1）秤盘排开水的体积：
v_排=0.02m²×0.05m=0.001m³，
秤盘受到的浮力：
F_浮=ρ_水v_排g=1×10³kg/m³×10N/kg×0.001m³=10N；
（2）秤盘底受到水的压强：
p=ρgh=1×10³kg/m³×10N/kg×0.1m=1000Pa．
故答案为：物重G与水面到“0N”刻度线的距离H成正比；7；（1）秤盘受到的浮力为10N；（2）秤盘底受到水的压强为1000Pa．

点评：
本题考点： 阿基米德原理；液体的压强的计算．

考点点评： 本题考查了学生对阿基米德原理、液体压强公式的掌握和运用，涉及到对实验数据的分析能力，有难度．

大闹天宫，猪八戒取亲，智降猪八戒。

略

这是对文学及名著的知识考查，要求学生对课后推荐的名著加以识记，尤其是名著里主要的知识点要记牢。对中国的古典四大名著考点要格外重视。这里要求学生对《水浒传》做重点积累。

推荐:
1.Sohu >> 教育首页 >> 外语天地 >> 双语杂志
2.易易小说阅读网

●第一回 灵根育孕源流出 心性修持大道生
东胜神洲傲来国海中有花果山,山项上一仙石孕育出一石猴.石猴在所居涧水源头寻到名为“水帘洞”的石洞,被群猴拥戴为王.又过三五百年,石猴忽为人生无常,不得久寿而悲啼.根据一老猴指点,石猴经南赡训洲到西牛贺洲,上灵台方寸山,入斜月三星洞,拜见须菩提祖师,被收为徒,起名曰孙悟空.
●第二回 悟彻菩提真妙理 断魔归本合元神
悟空从祖师学得长生之道、七十二般变化及“筋斗云”.一日,悟空受众人挑唆,变为松树,引起祖师不快,被逐出洞.回到花果山,与占山妖魔厮斗取胜,带回被掳的众猴与物品.
●第三回 四海千山皆拱伏 九幽十类尽除名
悟空使摄法将傲来国库馆里兵器搬进山中,操演群猴.山中妖、兽纷纷拜悟空为尊.悟空向龙王讨得重一万三千五百斤的如意金箍棒.在幽冥界勾掉猴属在生死簿上的姓名.龙王和阎王表奏玉帝,请伏妖猴.玉帝派太白金星赴花果山招安悟空.
●第四回 官封弼马心何足 名注齐天意未宁
悟空被授以“弼马温”之官,他得知此官为末等职,回花果山.玉帝命托塔李天王与其子哪吒太子擒悟空.被悟空打败.金星再次招来悟空.玉帝命造齐天大圣府,让悟空居住.
●第五回 乱蟠桃大圣偷丹 反天宫诸神捉怪
悟空管理蟠桃园,吃尽园中大桃.又赴瑶池,喝光仙酒；吃尽太上老君葫芦内的金丹.逃回花果山.玉帝令托塔天王率天兵去捉拿悟空.悟空打退了众天神.
●第六回 观音赴会问原因 小圣施威降大圣
南海观音徒弟木叉助天王,被战败.观音又荐二郎神.二郎神与悟空大战,太上老君在天观战,丢下金刚套,击中悟空.众神押其回上界.玉帝传旨处死.
●第七回 八卦炉中逃大圣 五行山下定心猿
太上老君将悟空置入炼丹炉烧炼,四十九天后,悟空出来,大闹天宫.玉帝请来如来佛.孙悟空一路筋斗云,跳不出佛掌.如来将五指化为大山,压住悟空.命土地神用铁丸铜汁饲喂悟空.
●第八回 我佛造经传极乐 观音奉旨上长安
五百年后,如来佛欲寻一信徒取经,以使佛法永传东土.观音率木叉,带着袈裟、锡杖和金、紧、禁三个箍,驾云前往.一路上收伏沙悟净、猪悟能和小白龙；劝化孙悟空,让他们共保取经人.
●附录 陈光蕊赴任逢灾 江流僧复仇报本
陈光蕊喜中状元,招为宰相女婿,被任为江州州主.上任途中被船家刘洪害死,其妻被抢,刘洪冒保赴任.陈被龙王救活,收于龙宫.其妻生子,抛于江中.被金山寺长老所救；起名江流,后又起法名玄奘.长老为其说知身世.玄奘寻见母亲.后径往京师,找外祖诉冤.刘洪被处极刑.陈光蕊还阳.玄奘入洪福寺继续修行.
●第九回 袁守诚妙算无私曲 老龙王拙计犯天条
泾河龙王为使袁守诚预卜落空,私改降雨进辰,雨量.又以所占失准捣毁袁守诚卦铺.袁守诚断言龙王因违旨将被唐丞相魏征处斩.并让龙王向唐太宗求生路.太宗梦龙王求情,许之,命魏征入朝随侍,使其不能斩龙.
●第十回 二将军宫门镇鬼 唐太宗地府还魂
魏征与太宗对奕时,梦斩老龙.当晚太宗梦龙王索命,自此身心不安而患病.为防鬼祟,他令尉迟恭、秦叔宝夜守宫门.太宗不久亡故,在阴间遇魏征旧友,现为阴间判官的崔珏.崔珏为太宗添寿二十年.还阳途中,太宗被冤鬼纠缠,散金银给众鬼而脱身.

“花和尚倒拔垂杨柳”，鲁智深在东京大相国寺管菜园子，一群破皮无赖想要戏弄鲁智深，被鲁智深踢到粪窖，鲁智深将这群泼皮无赖收服。鲁智深武艺高强，力大无比，倒拔垂杨柳举动更是让这群泼皮无赖佩服的五体投地。
“鲁智深大闹野猪林”，林冲被高俅陷害，发配沧州，途径野猪林，被陆谦收买的两名公人欲杀害林冲，一路暗中护送林冲的鲁智深大闹野猪林，制服公人，护送林冲到沧州。（意对即可）

亲身经历,刚上初中时,成绩排名在全前级几乎垫底,有一天突然觉得不能这么浑浑噩噩的度过,于是便发奋努力,成绩保持在全年级前十. 只要努力,学渣也能成学霸!

灰姑娘 Cinderella

Long ago, in a land far away, there lived a beautiful young girl.
She was very sad. Her mother had died and her father had married again. His new wife had two ugly daughters, Esmerelda and Griselda
Soon after, her father also died and life immediately changed for the girl．
"You will be our servant, "said her stepmother. "You will do everything we say."
"You must sleep in the kitchens, by the fire," said the stepsisters．
After tending the fire, and cooking and leaning, the girl's clothes were very dirty. She was called to clear away dishes.
"There are cinders all over your clothes!" exclaimed the stepmother. "Cinders for Cinderella. That's your new name. Clear these things away, Cinderella."
"Cinderella! Cinderella!" sang Esmerelda and Griselda. "Oh, how clever you are, Mama!"
Cinderella had to work very hard, as all the other servants were dismissed．
One day, an invitation arrived from the palace.
"Girls, listen to this," said the stepmother. Cinderella was serving the breakfast. She listened as her stepmother read the invitation.
"The King is having a ball," she said, excitedly. "He is looking for a wife for the Prince! Oh, my dears, this is wonderful. He will probably choose one of you, but it will be such a hard choice to make.
"Am I invited too, stepmother?" asked Cinderella.
"You! Certainly not!" exclaimed her stepmother. "The thought of such a thing. A scruffy servant going to a ball, when only beautiful ladies are invited!"
"Hah! Hah!" laughed the stepsisters. "Beautiful! That doesn't include you, Cinderella!"
"You may help my two lovely girls to get ready," said her stepmother.
"Oh," said Cinderella, sadly.
"We shall all have new dresses, girls, and we shall go shopping today. Clear away these things, Cinderella."
'Oh, I wish I could go to the ball,' thought Cinderella.
The day of the ball arrived and the whole day was spent preparing Esmerelda and Griselda. Cinderella did her best to make the sisters look pretty, but it was an impossible task.
Finally, the coach arrived to collect the girls and their mother.
Cinderella was very tired and she wandered back to the kitchens.
"Oh, I did so want to go," she sighed as she sat down by the fire.
"What's to stop you?" asked a voice.
"Who's that?" asked Cinderella, looking around.
"I'm here by the door." A strange woman walked up to Cinderella. "I heard you the other day, wishing you could go to the ball. Well, the ball is this evening, and you're going."
"But how?" asked Cinderella. "What can you do?"
"Anything I want to," said the woman. "I'm your fairy godmother, and I'm here to send you to the ball.
She sat down.
"Come now," she said. "Dry those tears. We have work to do. I need a large pumpkin, two rats, two mice and a frog. Can you find these?"
"Yes," said Cinderella, mystified by the request.
"Off you go, then."
When Cinderella found all the things, her fairy godmother took them all outside.
"Now for the magic," she said. She waved her hands and the air began to twinkle and sparkle. The pumpkin began to grow and change, until standing there was a glittering coach.
The mice changed into two fine footmen, the frog into the driver, and the rats into two beautiful horses to pull the coach.
Cinderella clapped her hands. "It's beautiful!" she cried.
"In you get," said her fairy godmother.
"But I can't go like this," said Cinderella.
"Like what?" asked the fairy godmother. "You look lovely to me."
Cinderella looked at herself. While the magic had been working on the pumpkin, it had also been working on her. Instead of her ragged dress she wore a beautiful ball gown, with glass slippers on her feet.
"Oh, fairy godmother," said Cinderella. "It's lovely. How can I thank you?"
"By going to the ball," said the fairy godmother. "Off you go, but remember, the magic stops working at midnight. Everything will change back then. Now go and enjoy yourself."
"Good-bye, fairy godmother," called Cinderella, as the coach swept off.
Cinderella arrived at the palace and walked into the ballroom. Everyone stopped and stared.
"Who is she?" people asked, including her stepmother and stepsisters.
The Prince saw her, and had eyes for no one else for the rest of the evening. Cinderella danced only with the Prince, and as the evening passed, he fell in love with her.
A clock chiming reminded Cinderella of her fairy godmother's warning. 'It must be eleven o'clock,' she thought, but she asked the Prince. "What time is it?"
"Almost midnight," he answered.
"Oh, no!" cried Cinderella. "I must go!"
"You can't. Not now," said the Prince.
"I must." And Cinderella swept out of the room, and ran out of the palace. As she ran, the clock finished chiming. Cinderella's clothes changed back into rags, and the coach and horses were nowhere to be seen.
The Prince tried to follow, but he couldn't catch up. When he reached the door, all he found was one glass slipper. He ran to the main gate.
"Was a beautiful girl just driven out of here?" he asked the guard.
"No, your Highness. I've only seen a scruffy servant girl," the guard answered.
"I've lost her," said the Prince, and he returned sadly to the palace.
The next morning, Cinderella's stepmother and stepsisters were talking about the ball.
"Did you see the Prince, once that girl arrived." said Esmerelda. "He wouldn't look at anybody else. And it was my turn to dance with him."
"Never mind, my dear," said her mother. "She disappeared, so there will probably be another ball, and then you will be chosen."
The Prince meanwhile decided to look for the mysterious girl he had fallen in love with. He issued a proclamation. "Whoever the glass shoe fits, shall be wife to the Prince."
The Prince and his footman went from house to house of all the ladies invited to the ball.
First to the princesses, and then to the duchesses, and finally to all the ladies.
He finally arrived at the stepmother's house.
"It's my shoe!" cried Esmerelda, trying desperately to pull the shoe on.
"Please, miss!" said the footman. "Your foot is too big. you will break the slipper."
Griselda tried the shoe, but her toes were far too long.
"Is there anyone else?" asked the Prince.
"There's only Cinderella, the maid," said the stepmother. "But she wasn't even at the ball."
"All the ladies in the kingdom must try the slipper," said the footman.
Cinderella was called from the kitchen. Esmerelda and Griselda laughed when they saw how dirty she was. But their laughter turned to tears when they saw Cinderella's foot slide easily into the slipper.
"Oh!" they cried. "It fits!"
The Prince looked at Cinderella and realised that she was the girl that he had fallen in love with.
Cinderella took the other slipper from her pocket and put it on.
The Prince was delighted to have found her, and on a bright sunny day, he and Cinderella were married. They lived happily ever after.

猪八戒照镜子---里外不是人
阿斗的江山——白送
阿斗式的人物——没能耐
白骨精扮新娘——妖里妖气
白骨精打跟头——鬼把戏
白骨精化美女——人面鬼心
白骨精说人话——妖言惑众
白骨精送饭——有野心；没安好心
白骨精演说——妖言惑众
白骨精遇上了孙悟空——原形毕露

1私放晁天王——晁盖等抢劫生辰纲后,蔡京下令追捕.差役在郓城县恰遇宋江,将此事告知.宋江飞马赶到石碣村告诉晁盖,放走晁盖等七人.2怒杀阎婆惜——晁盖入梁山后为感激宋江送来黄金及书信一封,不料被留宿宋江的阎婆惜发现,以此为要挟,迫使宋江杀之.

The Dog In The Manger（牛槽里的狗）
Once a dog was taking a nap in the manger of an ox. It was full of hay. But soon the ox came back from his work to the manger. He wanted to eat his own hay. Then the dog awoke, stood up and barked at the ox. The ox said to the dog, “Do you want to eat this hay, too?”
“Of course not,” said the dog.
“Then, go away and let me eat my own hay.”
“Oh, no. You go away and let me sleep.”
“What a selfish dog! He will neither eat the hay himself, nor let me eat it !” said the ox to himself.

Magic change
神奇变化
Gaga is a little duck.He is small,dirty and ugly.His friends don’t like to play with him.
One day,Gaga walked behind his friends quietly(静悄悄地).But his friends did not want him.Gaga was very sad and ran to the river and cried loudly(大声地).
Just then,a big beautiful bird heard(听见)him crying and flew down(飞下来,落下来).She said,“Please don’t cry.Tell me,what do you want?I can help you.”
Gaga told the truth(真相).The beautiful bird said,“OK,I can help you to become a good-looking duck.” Then she took out a blanket and put it on the duck’s body.She said something which the little duck didn’t understand.Then she took away the blanket.There stood (站立)a good-looking duck.
Gaga was very happy.He thanked the big bird and quickly went to play with his friends.
第二个

十童女 的寓意是：作为神的儿女,要随时预备见的主面

我最喜欢里面的《草船借箭》：周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮的聪明才智,想找一个机会除掉诸葛亮,故借军中缺箭,叫诸葛亮三天内造十万支箭,否则人头落地.诸葛亮请鲁肃借来二十条船,六百名士兵,在每条船两边扎上草人.第三天半夜,诸葛亮下令把草船划到离曹营不远的江面,二十条船船头朝东,船尾朝西,一字儿排开,然后命令士兵擂鼓呐喊.曹操一听,急忙起床,但由于江中大雾,惟恐有埋伏,不敢出兵,急忙下令弓弩手放箭,一时间,万箭齐发,全都射在了草人上.诸葛亮又叫士兵把草船调转方向,逼近曹营,大声呐喊,擂鼓助威,虚张声势,而自己和鲁肃却在舱中饮酒.曹军以为敌军来功,拼命放箭,一会儿工夫,二十条船上的草人都密密麻麻受满了箭,诸葛亮下令鸣金回营,边撤边喊：“谢谢曹丞相送箭.”曹操方知中计,再要追时,可诸葛亮的船顺风顺水,怎么追得上!诸葛亮回到东吴,一卸箭,足足有十五六万支.这一计,使周瑜不得不自叹不如,嫉妒之心更强了.
我真佩服诸葛亮,他上知天文,下知地理,神机妙算.我还敬佩他,为了天下黎民,放弃了平静的田园生活,陷入了打打杀杀的生活.我还敬佩他大公无私,为汉室江山鞠躬尽瘁的精神品质.我觉得做人就应该这样,不能为自己的一丝利益而不顾他人,不顾大局,不能因为自己的一些琐碎杂事而背信弃义.
要做像诸葛亮那样神机妙算聪明过人的人,从小就应该不知疲倦,勤奋好学.

（1）①吴用；②孙悟空；③刘备；④林黛玉
（2）诸葛亮向曹操借箭。周瑜设计陷害诸葛亮，诸葛亮将计就计，趁大雾天扎草人攻打曹营，借来十万支箭，完成任务。

结论：物重与水面离0牛刻度线距离成正比
3.5cm时,为7N
（1）F浮=P液gV排（或P水gV盘,或直接PgV,汉字全为下角标）=1.0g/cm3 x 9.8N/Kg x 5cm x 200cm2=9.8N
我刚上初三,索性还没忘,物理不要怕,就是套公式,没什么

凿壁偷光
卧薪尝胆
囊萤映雪
孔融让梨
退避三舍
三顾茅庐
闻鸡起舞
负荆请罪
一诺千金
草船借箭
……