pigment dyed heavy enzyme washed 怎么翻译

The synthetic organic pigment industry emerged towards the end of the 19th century out of the es...
The synthetic organic pigment industry emerged towards the end of the 19th century out of the established synthetic textile dyestuffs industry.怎么翻译?里面的toward是什么意思,它的用法是?

英语翻译
Fig.1.The carotenoid and visual pigment content of ninaDP245 flies is
drastically reduced.(A)HPLC analyses of the lipohilic compounds of the fly’s
head are shown.The two major carotenoids were lutein and zeaxanthin.The
upper lane gives the HPLC profile at 450 nm of an extract from heterozygous
ninaDP245,the lower lane of an extract of homozygous ninaDP245;each extract
was yielded from the heads of 3,000 flies.(B)Total carotenoid contents of
heads and trunks of homozygous ninaDP245 flies and heterozygous controls.
The values give the average of 3,000 flies.(C)Western blot analyses showing
the content and maturation state of the major rhodopsin Rh1 of the flies.
Immature Rh1 migrates as a dimer at 80 kDa,mature Rh1 at 32 kDa.Lane 1,
homozygous ninaDP245 raised on standard corn medium;lane 2,homozygous
ninaDP245 raised on standard corn medium supplemented with-carotene;
lane 3,homozygous ninaDP245 raised on standard corn medium supplemented
with zeaxanthin;lane 4,homozygous ninaDP245 raised on standard corn
medium supplemented with retinal;lane 5,heterozygous ninaDP245 controls.
Fig.3.Expression of a ninaD(wt)transgene restores the vitamin A-deficient
phenotype of ninaDP245 flies.Adult homozygous ninaDP245 flies carrying a
UAS-ninaD(wt)transgene expressed under the control of a hs-GAL4 driver were
compared with heterozygous and non-heat-shocked homozygous control
flies.The flies used had the following genotypes:control,w;ninaDP245 CyO;
;ninaD,w;ninaDP245 ninaDP245;;hs rescue and non-hs control,w;
ninaDP245 ninaDP245;hs-GAL4 UAS-ninaD(wt).hs rescue flies were heat-
shocked for 1 h at 37°C and analyzed 72 h later.For the dietary rescue of ninaD
flies,the corn medium was supplemented with retinal for 3 days.(A)Protein
extracts were subjected to Western blot analysis using an anti-Rh1 antibody.
Mature Rh1 migrated at 32 kDa,immature Rh1 as a dimer at 80 kDa.(B)
Carotenoid contents of the whole flies were determined by HPLC analyses,
and for quantification,known amounts of authentic carotenoid standards
were used.The values give the average of 63 flies per experiment.n.d.,not
detectable.

专业人员翻译下吧
就两个词组：
Pigment powders and a glazing medium
我知道有颜料粉的意思,可翻译成现在的名词怎么翻译,是一种化学产品.谢谢了.

英语翻译
请帮忙翻译以下的化学成分
Rojo (Red) Pigment:
Di Octyl Phthalate (DOP)
color index = Red 48:2-15865:2
Amarillo (Yellow) pigment:
Propilenglicol Adipate
TiD2
N.N DiMetyl 4 Fenyl Azo Bencenamine
Caoba (Brown) dye:
50% O - Amino Azotolueno - 2 Naphtol
50% 1-4 Bis (Buthilamino) Antraquinone
Roble claro (Light Brown) dye:
73% O - Amino Azotolueno - 2 Naphtol
27% 1-4 Bis (Buthilamino) Antraquinone
Roble oscuro (Dark Brown) dye:
35% O - Amino Azotolueno - 2 Naphtol
65% 1-4 Bis (Buthilamino) Antraquinone
Verde brillante (Green) dye:
62% N.N DiMetyl 4 Fenyl Azo Bencenamine
38% 1-4 Bis (Buthilamino) Antraquinone

Dye Class Acid Direct Disperse Vat Metalized Pigment Sulfur Fiber Reactive Fabric Finish Compacted

Micro pigment ink for waterproof and fade proof fine lines 中文翻译