java中，用abstract修饰的类称为抽象类，它可以定义具体的方法。这句话对吗

有关abstract这个单词的发音?
abstract的音标为['æbstrækt ]这里的tr是不是念成dЗ啊?

the abstract is a summary of what the experiment is all about.4154

英语翻译
Abstract
Purpose – This article seeks to discuss the role that line managers take up concerning human
resource management issues among Greek firms and to propose ways for enhancing the synergistic
relationship between human resource (HR) and line managers.
Design/methodology/approach – It presents the trends of line management involvement in Greek
firms,from 1993-2003,based on the CRANET survey.The survey results are enhanced by qualitative
data from focus groups.
Findings – Findings show that during the past ten years there has been an increasing tendency for
collaboration,with the main responsibility increasingly falling on the HR department.Moreover,the
main obstacles to this collaboration are presented.
Research limitations/implications – The main research limitation is the limited data that the
CRANET questionnaire provides on the issue of HR – line management partnership.However,the
focus groups enrich the survey data with qualitative results.Implications for practice derive from the
qualitative results.
Originality/value – The value of this paper is mainly to line managers that are involved in human
resource management activities,since the difficulties that occur from this partnership are discussed.
Keywords Human resource management,Line managers,Partnership,Greece
Paper type Research paper

求帮忙翻译论文的abstract！翻译成英文，大神来，不要在线翻译的，希望手打！
摘要：在人类发展的历史上，消费行为是人类赖以生存、发展的基础,它持续每个人的一生，在人类***的生产和生活中发挥十分重要的作用。而大学生作为当代***消费群体的重要组成部分,他们的消费行为具有强烈的代表性和前瞻性,事关***的命运和前途。在校的大学生由于没有收入来源，但是又有较大的消费需求，因而是一个特殊的消费群体，消费观和价值观和其他阶层有着明显区别。因此，研究大学生消费行为和影响因素，对***长远发展和构建***环境有着非常重要的深远意义。
本文是从消费行为研究的基础理论入手,本文以山东***学院的在校大学生为考察对象，在梳理了***外相关文献的基础上,设计了大学生消费水平影响因素调查问卷，采用走访式调查和开放式调查的形式，对当前***学院大学生的消费状况作了较为全面的分析。了解了当前大学生消费行为的现状,得出当前大学生消费行为中存在的主要问题,从***、家庭、学校、大学生本身四个方面分析了大学生消费行为产生问题的原因,最后,基于实证数据,提出了解决大学生消费问题的主要对策。认为***氛围对大学生的消费行为有着一定的影响,首先要优化大学生消费的***环境,这是引导大学生健康消费的前提;还要改变家庭消费观念,从根源上控制大学生的消费结构,这是引导大学生健康消费行为的后盾保障;同时要强化思想***工作，这是引导大学生健康消费的关键;最后指出大学生自身应该加强学习和自我教育,树立良好的消费观念,这是解决问题的根本。
在线等。急啊！

They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers - the idea of a oneness,a twoness,a threeness that applies to any class of objects 【and is】 a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table - is itself far from innate.
【】部分让我比较费解,请路过的帮我分析一下吧
原文出处

英语 ab+ 字根的发音规律
请问 ab+ 中a的发音规律是什么?为什么abuse中发,在abstract中又发音呢?求教

英语abstract单词是什么意思
如题

Abstract—This paper describes the application of the continuous Newton’s method to the power flow
Abstract—This paper describes the application of the continuous Newton’s method to the power flow problem.This method basi- cally consists in formulating the power flow problem as a set of autonomous ordinary differential equations.Based on this formal analogy,we propose an entire family of numerically efficient algo- rithms for solving ill-conditioned or badly-initialized power flow cases.The paper also shows that the classical Newton–Raphson’s method and most robust power flow techniques proposed in the literature are particular cases of the proposed formulation.An ex- ample based on a 1254-bus model of the UCTE system is presented and discussed.

The rules for writing an abstract are almost the same to those for writing the summary for an investgaion report.这句话意思是：摘要的写作规则与调查报告概要的写作规则极为相似.
Summary是摘要的意思,那abstract在这里怎么理解

英语翻译
Abstract:
Today's economic map of the world is dominated by what are called clusters:critical masses - in
one place - of unusual competitive success in particular fields.Clusters are not unique,however;
they are highly typical - and therein lies a paradox:the enduring competitive advantages in a
global economy lie increasingly in local things- knowledge,relationships,motivation - that
distant rivals cannot match.Untangling the paradox of location in a global economy reveals a
number of key insights about how companies continually create competitive advantage.What
happens inside companies is important,but clusters reveal that the immediate business
environment outside companies plays a vital role as well.This role of locations has been long
overlooked,despite striking evidence that innovation and competitive success in so many fields
are geographically concentrated.

翻译一段纳米材料的摘要(1)
Abstract
Nanomaterials and nanotechnology have been hot issues during the recent decades. This thesis deals with the fabrication and engineering of novel nanomaterials with enhanced functionality,
particularly nanocomposites and nanostructured surfaces. The study includes two parts; in the first part, bulk transparent polymer-inorganic nanocomposites were produced by a novel
synthesis method and its UV-absorption has been investigated. In the second part, nanostructured microporous surface layers, of copper, were fabricated by electrodeposition process and its effect on material’s performance for pool boiling has been investigated evaluated.In the first part of the thesis, bulk polymer-inorganic nanocomposites composed of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and zinc compounds were prepared by an in situ sol-gel transition polymerization of zinc complex in PMMA matrix. The immiscibility of heterophases of solid organic and inorganic constituents was resolved by the in situ sol-gel transition polymerization of ZnO nanofillers within PMMA in the presence of dual functional agent, monoethanolamine, which provided strong secondary interfacial interactions for both complexing and crosslinking of constituents. Comprehensive characterization of the polymer-inorganic hybrid materials has been undertaken using a wide range of techniques; XRD, 1H NMR, FT-IR, TGA, DSC, UV-Vis, ED, SEM, TEM and HRTEM. The homogeneous PMMA-ZnO nanocomposites exhibited enhanced UV-sheltering effects in the entire UV range even at very low ZnO content of 0.02 wt%.

英语翻译
Abstract.The present study considers the relationship between college mothers’ academic achievement goals (both learning and performance) and the mothers’ attitudes toward their children’s schoolwork as well as the relationship between each of these sets of characteristics in mothers and their elementary-school-age children’s attitudes about learning.Results indicate that a mother’s adoption of learning goals in her college education is positively related to the endorsement of a process/indirect focus with respect to assisting and evaluating her child on academic tasks and is associated with more personal satisfaction with providing homework assistance and greater optimism concerning the benefits of such assistance.Results also suggest that college mothers with more of a learning goal orientation and/or more of a process/indirect focus have children who display a similar concern with learning and a positive attitude about homework.Mothers who adopted more of a person/product focus with respect to their child’s schoolwork had children who were less likely to interpret homework and other school tasks as opportunities to learn.

4909—the abstract is a summary of what the experiment is all about.4164 （达人） 想问：1—is all
4909—the abstract is a summary of what the experiment is all about.4164 （达人）
想问：
1—is all about：
2—关于what的所字结构：
what you love are/is apple.翻译成：你所喜欢的是苹果.
这里的what the experiment is all about：翻译成：实验所...的是all about.

求高手帮翻译论文abstract,谢谢了!
中文摘要
企业是现代社会的细胞,是市场经济的主体,而占企业绝大多数的中小企业则是这一主体中最活跃、最富有活力的组成部分.中小企业在国民经济中占据了相当大的比重,创造了大量的就业机会和技术创新成果,而且,中小企业文化及其培育出来的企业家精神和风险意识,已经成为现代文明和市场经济的精髓,成为市场经济***不断创新和发展的基础.从某种意义上说,没有中小企业,就没有市场经济.创新是一个民族的灵魂.在世纪之交的***,作为***技术创新体系的重要组成部分,中小企业技术创新能力的提高,对于一个***维持其在球市场上的竞争力和保持经济的可持续发展至关重要.
本文首先介绍了中小企业目前的相关发展情况,在其基础上做出对未来发展的预测与展望.然后指出中小企业在宏观战略中的发展趋势指出核心竞争力、技术创新和可持续发展是其中的重要方面.最后点明***中小型企业的发展必须在立足于整理形形势的情况下抓住核心因素并根据企业自身具体情况进行分析.
把以上中文翻译成英文,尽可能详细...
论文被打回来很多次了唉,就是这个翻译太难了,本人水平太次.求高手救命!

帮我看下这段话有没有什么错误
abstract
analysis of the population `s space pattern is an important method for researching the characteristics of population ,it includes the actions among the populations and the relation between the population and the environment,it is also the *** which belongs to the ecologic research.therefore,researching for the pattern of population has an great significance of expounding the form and making benefit of the community,besides,the community's stable and successive regulation and the ecologic characteristics and could also be created． this dissertation enumerates samples in distance for single population pattern research by following way．the first research is to choose the space；then to examine the sampling and collect data:in conclude,to give analyze of the data at following steps in base of practice work：first,research the nearby individual distribution in random dispersed population． second ,doing random sample by measuring the distance ．third,comparing the targets while getting them．fourth,research the relation of the nearby individuals． the compare and analysis of gathering targets is the key link in this article．accumulation of populations is beneficial to make full use of environmental resources．at the same time,it is useful for resisting disturbance and increasing survival rate of the population ,which is beneficial to survival and development of population．the more important thing is an overall analysis of comprehensive pattern information is very helpful for making correct control strategy and investigating dynamic change process and evolution trend of the population.
key words:single population; population pattern; sample in distance

翻译下Abstract thinking abstract picture led me,and I think I fall into the trap,love really make

英语翻译
Abstract:Based on the hydraulic bending control system,the electrohydraulic servo pressure control simulation model is built.Taking into account of the inadequacy of P-type immune feedback controller,an improved fuzzy immune
PID controller is put forward.Drawing on immune feedback principle of biological immune system,the P-type immune feedback controller is connected with conventional PID controller in series and then in parallel with design fuzzy
immune PID controller.The controller parameters can be adjusted on line by the rules of immune feedback controller
and fuzzy controller.In order to gain the optimal parameters of the controller,the parameters of the controller are
off-line optimized by the best multiple optimal model PSO algorithm.The simulation results indicate that the method
has characteristics of small overshoot,short adjusting time and strong anti-interference ability and robustness.The
quality of the strip shape can be further improved

下列哪一种叙述是正确的（）
A． abstract修饰符可修饰字段、方法和类
B．抽象方法的body部分必须用一对大括号{ }包住
C．声明抽象方法,大括号可有可无
D．声明抽象方法不可写出大括号

summary和abstract在作为“摘要”意思上有什么不同?
He read through the papers and made a(n)__ of their content.A.abridgement B.summary C.abstract D.outline 但是我查了好多字典都找不到summary和abstract在作为“摘要”意思上的不同.希望你们能够告诉我.

英语翻译
旅游产业环境保护分析
abstract:通过分析环境保护必要性和采取的措施来阐述旅游业环境保护的重要性.
keywords:旅游业；旅游环境质量；旅游环境保护
1.介绍
旅游业是随着人们生活水平不断提高、精神和物质需求不断进步而相应 发展 的产业.近年来***开放的***和高速发展的 经济 为***旅游业的发展创造了良好条件
,***旅游业得到了迅猛的发展,并由此产生了可观的经济效益.与此同时,***旅游业资源破坏、旅游区环境质量下降的 也日益突出.为使旅游业持续、健康
、协调发展,文章主要 分析 了旅游环境问题产生的原因和旅游环境保护的对策,旨在为***旅游业发展的管理、决策提供服务.
2.***旅游产业分析

英语翻译
Abstract：The properties of the passive film formed on 2205 stainless stee1 in acetic acid at high temperature that contained chloride
ions were studied by atomic absorption spectrometry(AAS),X—ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and electrochemical polarization
meas~ements．AAS results show that toolybdenum is enriched on the surface as the passive film is dissolved．This enrichment
decreases the corrosion resistance because it hinders chloride adsorption and Fe ion dissolution．and acts as a local pH buffer because
n consumes protons．The dissolution ratio ofFe／Cr is approximately 10 during the active dissolution ofthe passive film.XPS results
indk：ate that when the potential is in the passivation region,Cr comprises about 50％ of the mc协1 cations in the near-surface region
of the passive fiIm and is the main metal constituent in this region．W hen the polarization potential is much greater than the transpas．
sivation potentia1．the Mo content accounts for approximately 45％ of the meta1 cations in the near．surface region；Fe and Ni have no
obvious influence on the formation,dissolution,or puncture of the passive film．
Key words：acetic acid；corrosion；electrochemical behavior；stainless steel；passive film

英语翻译
Abstract
Nanosized and highly reactive magnesium niobate (MgNb2O6) powders were successfully synthesized by a new wet-chemical method by means of the dissolution of Nb2O5 2 5H2O and in a solution of oxalic acid followed by the addition of stoichiometric amounts of magnesium carbonate.The Nb–Mg–oxalic acid solution was evaporated resulting in a dry and amorphous powder that was calcined in the temperature range from 200 to 900 8C for 2 h.The crystallization process from the amorphous state to the crystallineMgNb2O6 was followed by thermal analysis.The calcined powders characterized by FT-Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their morphology examined by high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM).Pure MgNb2O6,free from the second phases and obtained at 800 8C was confirmed by a combinedanalysis using XRD and FT-Raman.The average diameter of the particles was calculated from the HR-SEM image as 70 nm approximately.This technique allows a better mixing of the constituent elements and thus a better reactivity of the mixture to obtain pre-reaction products withhigh purity at lower temperatures and reducing cost.It can offer a great advantage in the PMN-PT formation with respect to the solid-statesynthesis.
# 2006 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.All rights reserved.
Keywords:MgNb2O6; Columbite; Magnesium niobate; Low temperature synthesis; FT-Raman

英语翻译
Abstract:In the teaching of English language,Duty Reports play an important role,by providing excellent ground for students who wish to practice speaking English,to experience English culture,and communicate within an overall English framework.Having enjoyed a great and long-standing popularity,both among teachers and students alike,this activity,nevertheless,has exhibited signs indicative of certain deficiencies.Therefore,it has become necessary to update and improve it,as to give it new vitality,prolong and perpetuate its exience.
最好在最前面再帮我用英语写一段开场白（例如：今天我给大家介绍一下duty report）

英语翻译
Abstract—This paper shows the potential system benefits of
simple tracking solar system using a stepper motor and light sensor.
This method is increasing power collection efficiency by developing
a device that tracks the sun to keep the panel at a right angle to its rays.A solar tracking system is designed,implemented and
experimentally tested.The design details and the experimental results
are shown.

英语翻译
Abstract
Based on a stochastic approach,drainage in a layered soil profile with macropores waspredicted using a one-dimensional numerical flow model.Soil hydraulic functions,0(~) andK(~b),were obtained from laboratory measurements on undisturbed 100 cm 3 soil cores.The coreswere collected in 60 different locations for each of three soil horizons along a 31 m transect on asandy loam soil.The effect of a stochastic description of 0(~b) and K(~b) on predicted fluxes andwater content profiles was evaluated with the aid of Monte-Carlo simulations.Initially simulationswere carried out with the actual field data.Alternatively,500 sets of the multi-normal parametervector P = {0 s,a,n,K s} were generated and used in a Monte-Carlo simulation approach.Inaddition,deterministic calculations were carried out using (1) arithmetic mean values of untransformedhydraulic parameters,(2) arithmetic mean values obtained after backtransformation ofGaussian distributed parameters,and (3) alternatively using a set of mean bimodal retention andconductivity curves.Predictions obtained with the two stochastic methods and the deterministiccases are compared with measured cumulative outflow and moisture content profiles from fifteen1m long undisturbed soil columns collected along the same transect.All simulations based onunimodal hydraulic functions underestimated the mean observed drainage.If actual field data areused,the mean outflow is 74% of the mean measured cumulative outflow,compared to 70% forthe Monte-Carlo simulation.The range mean -I- two standard deviations of the simulated outflowfor both methods is considerably smaller compared to the measured range of variation.Deterministicpredictions of the total drainage amounted to 83,83,and 127% of the observed drainage forthe cases 1,2,and 3,respectively.Observed outflow curves displaying macropore flow could not be predicted with the unimodal Richards' flow equation.The results indicate that the field-scale unsaturated flow behaviour in soils with macropores cannot be accurately predicted assuming aunimodal retention characteristic.This is true for both the mean drainage but even more so for the extremes.The use of bimodal hydraulic functions considerably increased the total drainage,resulting in an overprediction of the mean measured drainage.Predicted soil water contents in the 1 m deep soil profile are mostly higher than the measurements.Contrary to the drainage,the range of variation of the predicted water contents is always larger than the measured variability,except for the surface values.

这是我写的论文提要 ABSTRACT,不知道有没有写错的,或不符合语法的部分.精通英文的朋友过目一下.
‘V+N’ structure is representative collocation relationship in modern chinese.There are very complicated and various restrictions in cognitive process where ‘V+N’ structure is regarded as verb-object relationship and attributive-head relationship.This article analyzes various factors that affect understanding of ‘V+N’ structure and examines preceding studies and verifies whether the conclusions of the studies correspond to authentic language usage through corpus analysis.In addition,the causes that similar nouns have different ways of understanding ‘V+N’ structure are studied.
The full text is divided into seven chapters.ChapterⅠ begins with the purposes of this article,the method of this study,and preceding studies.ChapterⅡ analyzes prosodic features of ‘V+N’ structure.ChapterⅢ studies correlation between valence theory and ‘V+N’ structure.ChapterⅣ describes the roles and the restrictions of verbs in ‘V+N’ structure.ChapterⅤ describes the roles and the restrictions of nouns in ‘V+N’ structure.ChapterⅥ focuses on the reasons why ‘V+Power’ structure is particularly regarded as attributive-head relationship and studies correlation between ‘V+N’ collocation and N verb attribution.ChapterⅦ integrates all the studies and presents the conclusion on the factors affecting ‘V+N’ structure understanding.

英语翻译
浅谈日本的企业文化
abstract：本文在整个日本企业文化背景下,以前辈的研究成果为基础,展开日本企业文化的分析与研究.对于日本企业文化的特征而言,本文归纳并研究分析了一些日本文化的特征.其中包括：和魂洋才与和魂汉才、终身雇佣***与年功序列、还有日本的加班文化等等.接着,为了便于进行日本企业文化的深入研究,本文甄选了日本企业文化的代表之一“toyota文化”,其中包括toyota文化的三项内容：一、toyota文化的定义；二、toyota文化的生产方式；三、toyota文化的改善活动；探讨这些日本企业文化的特征我想对于我们***而言是独具有启发与教育意义的.

Abstract 一般简写成什么?
如题

同问 A flower is beautiful.but beauty itself is abstract.itself为什么在beauty后面

急.英文翻译,不要谷歌
abstract:通过分析环境保护必要性和采取的措施来阐述旅游业环境保护的重要性.
keywords:旅游业；旅游环境质量；旅游环境保护
1.介绍
旅游业是随着人们生活水平不断提高、精神和物质需求不断进步而相应 发展 的产业.近年来***开放的***和高速发展的 经济 为***旅游业的发展创造了良好条件
,***旅游业得到了迅猛的发展,并由此产生了可观的经济效益.与此同时,***旅游业资源破坏、旅游区环境质量下降的 问题 也日益突出.为使旅游业持续、健康
、协调发展,文章主要 分析 了旅游环境问题产生的原因和旅游环境保护的对策,旨在为***旅游业发展的管理、决策提供服务.
2.***旅游产业分析
2.1.***旅游业环境保护现状

求文献翻译 ABSTRACT This paper discusses the urban waterfront in Newcastle-upon-Tyne as a case stud

英文语法校正
翻译的不好,
Abstract
"Personnel management system software design" on Microsoft Visual Foxpro6.0 development of the personnel files outlining the overall management software,the overall framework,design ideology and principles,system components,system structure,basic features,the main technical systems,system the design and realization of the generation and application debugging,and other systems software and the production of all the work done and a vision for the future.
Papers focus on system design and implementation of methods and procedures,from project management applications for the establishment of the design of the user interface from the design to even the main program for executable file; they have conducted more detailed description.Finally,the paper provides a list of procedures and the work of running the operating system software flow chart.

英语翻译
ABSTRACT
The importance of Supply Chain Management (SCM) is
generally recognized.However,two major causes of failure
to establish successful supply chain (SC) are
underestimated.One is that SC coordination is poorly made
with current facilitates.The other one is that high-level
strategy alignment is seldom considered.In this paper,an
integrated framework of Supply Chain Management
System (SCMS) is constructed to solve these two problems.
Supported by the latest Internet technology,SCMS
connects the information sharing and exchange among SC
members with SC coordination and strategic management.
This integrated system can 1)provide better
communications among SC members,2)solve operational
conflicts in SC and facilitate better cooperation and
3)balance the strategies of SC members.This kind of
management system can provide a satisfying and long-term
solution to SCM.
Global competition is forcing enterprises to reorient their
business strategies from conventional,independent
operations toward integrated,strategic partnerships.This is
what we called Supply Chain (SC),a network of facilities
and distribution options that performs the function of
procurement of materials,transformation of these materials
into intermediate and finished products,and distribution of
these finished products to customers [3].At the same time,
a new management field,Supply Chain Management
(SCM),has received great attention from business
community.SCM is the management of materials and
information flows both in and between facilities across SC
[7].SCM deals with the expanding of value chain from
within a corporation to a set of related entities.This would
greatly improve the competitiveness of SC members.

英语翻译
Abstract
" The aestheticization of daily life" is a unique cultural landscape of consumptive society formed by the combination of aesthetic and consumer,is an quite notable cultural phenomenon in the last few years and also is a kind of aesthetic phenomenon.This paper states the definition of the aestheticization of daily life in three aspects after the analysis and study of the its concept and theoretical background,analyses its causes from economy aspects and society aspects,concludes its features,explains the basic performance as well as the situation in daily life,meanwhile illustrates its current situation in our country.This paper studies the problem of the aestheticization of daily life in the application of the dynamic dialectical perspective and with some critical reflection.In current society,the positive side of the aestheticization of daily life exists,but some certain problems exist too.We need to open mind to know it,relax our mind to study it,apply more diverse methods to continually explore the practical history and theoretical history of the aestheticization of daily life,gradually perfect the problem structure,then make the research of the aestheticization of daily life becomes a meaningful new topic in literature and art aesthetics.
Keywords:the aestheticization of daily life,Feather Stone,post-modernization,popularization,cultural phenomenon
这段话是用百度或GOOGLE在线翻译出来的么,通顺么.

英语翻译
摘要 目的：探讨保留自主呼吸的快通道静脉全身麻醉在乳腺良性肿瘤切除术中的应用.Abstract Objective:In order to explore the effect of retaining autonomous breathing fast-track of intravenous general anesthesia for breast benign tumor resection.方法：选择乳腺良性肿瘤切除患者60例,随机分为两组.Method：Choose 60 patients with a benign tumor of the breast had been removed,were randomly assigned to two groups.组A：使用1％盐酸利多卡因沿乳腺后间隙进行局部浸润麻醉.Group A：Apply one percent lidocaine hydrochloride to local infiltration anesthesia along the retromammary space.组B：静脉缓慢推注0.3mg/kg氯胺酮,1mg/kg利多卡因,0.2μg/kg舒芬太尼,然后将氯胺酮、丙泊酚按照体积比1:10进行混合,按照丙泊酚6～8 mg/（kg • h）的速度泵注.Group B：0.3mg/kg ketamine,1mg/kg lidocaine and 0.2μg/kg sufentanil was administered intravenously .The 1:10 volume ratio between ketamine and propofol would be mixed .,followed by an infusion ata rate of 8mg/ (kg· h) .结果：A组患者的T1 、T2 、T3 时SBP、DBP、HR 较T0时有明显的升高,与T0相比差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.Result:The patients in the group A that SBP,DBP and HR at T2 ,T1 and T3 than T0 has significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant compared with T0(P＜0.05).T1 、T2 、T3时的SBP、DBP、HR组内相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.Comparison of SBP,DBP and HR showed no statistical significance among T1,T2 and T3 moments（P＞0.05）.B组T1时SpO2有所下降,与T0 、T2 、T3相比差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,T0、T1 、T2 、T3的SBP、DBP、HR平稳.Comparison of T0 ,T2 and T3 showed statistical significance（P＜0.05）when SpO2 was decreased in group B at T1 .And SBP,DBP and HR was stable at T1 ,T2 and T3.A组患者的麻醉镇痛效果较差,患者的满意度低,与B组相比差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）Compared with group B that difference has statistics significance when the patients' narcotic analgesic effect is poor and satisfaction is low in the group A .（P＜0.05）结论：舒芬太尼,丙泊酚联和亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮在保留自主呼吸的快通道静脉全身麻醉在乳腺良性肿瘤切除术具有术中镇静镇痛完善,对循环和呼吸影响轻微,在术后镇痛方面具有良好的效果.关键词 舒芬太尼；丙泊酚；氯胺酮；快通道麻醉Key word ：Sufentanil ;Propofol ; Ketamine ; Fast-track anesthesia

英语翻译
以下是我上一个问题的英语翻译部分:
ABSTRACT
The fuzzy distance is fuzzy set theory important constituent,From fuzzy set theory development,The fuzzy set distance is always attracting the multitudinous attention,The people continue to use in the real number theory the method,Measures the fuzzy set with a non-negative real number the distance,also is insinuates through the suitable transformation it to the real axis in.In order to cause this definition way to hasten reasonably,the people embark from the different angle,Proposed many different definition ways,If the Liu Chinese proposed” based on is away from the measure fuzzy number sorting”.Du Wenji,Xie Wei letter about” fuzzy set distance one measure method and in rule interpolation application” research.Bi Shu winsome about” fuzzy number operation nature and fuzzy number distance and limit” research.Proposed for this people the fuzzy set fuzzy distance concept,considered measures the fuzzy set with the fuzzy set the distance.If Zhang Guangquan proposed “Fuzzy number Fuzzy is away from and the Fuzzy limit”.Liu Huilin,Feng you huge mythical bird about “one kind of new fuzzy number distance definition”.Present paper mainly through to fuzzy mathematics concept,theorem as well as correlation nature research,thus discusses one kind of new fuzzy distance.Contains following content specifically:
One,in the summary fuzzy mathematics historical development progress,through to foundation fuzzy mathematics and so on the fuzzy set and fuzzy relationship research,is one kind of new fuzzy distance research builds the foundation.This article embarks from the fuzzy set truncation collection,establishes the fuzzy set using the fuzzy set theorem of dissociation the fuzzy distance.
Two,to the fuzzy set distance research,this article from the result expressed the form embarks the fuzzy set distance divides into the fuzzy set the solid distance and the fuzzy set fuzzy distance,and separately briefed these two kind of distance research condition.Embarks in this foundation from the fuzzy set and the classical collection relations,the application fuzzy set truncation collection as well as the theorem of dissociation,proposed one kind of new fuzzy set fuzzy distance definition,and has the partial ordering relations triangle fuzzy number fuzzy distance using this definition research.
Key words:Fuzzy set truncation collection,theorem of dissociation,fuzzy relationship.

我有一篇英语短文不会翻译 这是毕业论文的摘要 Abstract:Sons and Lovers is an autobiographical novel

英语翻译
ABSTRACT
Purpose:The present paper describes a knowledge-based system (KBS) developed for selection of progressive die components to automate the design process of progressive dies in stamping industries.Design/methodology/approach:The production rule based KBS approach of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been utilized for constructing the proposed system.The system has been structured into seven KBS modules.Modules are user interactive and designed to be loaded in to the prompt area of AutoCAD.Findings:The output of system modules includes the type and proper dimensions of progressive die components namely die block,die gages (front spacer and back gage),stripper,punches,punch plate,back plate,die-set and fasteners.The system has been designed in such a way that the expert advices imparted by its modules are automatically stored in different output data files.These data files can be further utilized for automatic modeling of die components and die assembly.Research limitations/implications:Although the system is limited to the design of progressive dies only,yet it can be extended further for the design of other types of dies also.Practical implications:The proposed system is ready for use in sheet metal industries for quick selection of progressive die components.The system can be implemented on a PC having AutoCAD software and therefore its low cost of implementation makes it affordable by small and medium sized stamping industries.Originality/value:The proposed system is capable of accomplishing the time-consuming task of selection of progressive die components in a very short time period.Keywords:Automation engineering processes; Knowledge-based system; Progressive die components

英语翻译
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that an effective control technique for heavy metal emissions from incinerators is to use solid sorbents to capture metals by physical deposition and chemical adsorption.However,the adsorbed heavy metals on the retired sorbents could possibly cause secondary pollution if they are inadequately treated.The main objective of this study is to increase the stability of four heavy metals (Cu,Pb,Cr and Cd) on retired sorbents by heat treatment.The stability was based on the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) tests.The parameters evaluated included:(1) different temperatures (900,1100 and 1300°C); and (2) various heating times (20,40 and 60 min).The results indicated that most of the leaching rates decreased with increasing temperature for the four toxic heavy metals.The heat treatment time did not regularly influence the stability of heavy metals,and affected it slightly when the temperature was controlled at 1300°C.

tract这个单词有拉的意思?
我看到“abstract”这个单词,可以这样记：abs+tract,说abs是away from的意思,而tract是draw的意思,就是“拉；拖”的意思,但是我到哪都查不到tract有“拉；拖”的意思呀?就说有“束；大片土地,地带；小册子”的意思,这是怎么回事?到哪能查到tract有“拉；拖”的意思?

英语翻译
Abstract:
Development of a firm's core competencies is identified as the key for global leadership and competitiveness in the 1990s.NEC,Honda,and Canon are used as exemplars of firms that conceive of themselves in terms of core competencies.Core competencies are the organization's collective learning and ability to coordinate and integrate multiple production skills and technology streams; they are also about the organization of work and delivery of value in services and manufacturing.A firm must conceive of itself as a portfolios of competencies,instead of a portfolio of strategic business units (SBUs).The latter limit the ability of firms to exploit their technological capabilities; they are often dependent on external resources.The real source of advantage lies in management's ability to consolidate corporate-wide technologies and production skills into competencies,which will allow individual businesses to adapt to emerging opportunities.Cultivating core competencies does not mean outspending rivals on R&D,sharing costs among SBUs,or the price/performance of end products.Three tests identify such competencies:(1) they provide potential access to a wide variety of markets; (2) they significantly contribute to the customer benefits of the end-product; and (3) they should be difficult for competitors to imitate.Cultivating core competencies also means benefiting from alliances and establishing competencies that are evolving in existing businesses.The tangible links between core competencies and end products are core products,which embody one or more core competencies.Companies must maximize their world manufacturing share in core products.Global leadership is won by core competence,core products,and end products; global brands are built by proliferating products out of core competencies.Firms must avoid the tyranny of the SBU,the costs of which are (1) under investment in developing core competencies and core products,(2) imprisoned resources,and (3) bounded innovation.Top management must add value to a firm by developing strategic architecture,which will avoid fragmenting core competencies,establish objectives for competence building,make resource allocation priorities transparent and consistent,ensure competencies are corporate resources,reward competence carriers (personnel who embody core competencies),and focus strategy at the corporate level.A firm must be conceived of as a hierarchy of core competences,core products,and market-focused business units.Obsession with competence building will mark the global winners of the 1990s.(TNM)
Keywords:Growth strategies,Firm strategies,Organizational objectives,Core competencies,Organizational learning,Organizational structures,Alliance formation,Firm growth,Strategic planning
这是C.K.Prahalad和Gary Hamel写的《The Core Competence of the Corporation》的一段,我可以相应提高分值的哈~
就算直接拉到翻译工具里翻译，也帮我翻得通顺点,像那么回事啊，翻成这样我自己也会...

帮忙检查语法 坐等!
Abstract
This paper explores four articles that relate to female participation in sports and the gender stereotype of female.The articles,however,have the common topic about “gender” but in different area.Duncan,Jensen,and Messner (1993),agree that the media lacks coverage of female’s sports on TV,radio and magazines.Since male have much better interest in sports than female,the media would like to target on male’s sports on TV.Other articles focus on gender bias of female in sports,people in the past thought that women can not do anything better than man.This paper explains what the gender bias of female in sports are,and in order to cheer them up to participate in sports.

英文程度好的大哥大姐帮帮小弟!
帮小弟翻译一下以下文字吧.
Abstract - This paper presents object models and service models such as an I/O object,a control object,a broadcasting service and an event service for a distributed control system(DCS).And three types of distributed control systems based on CORBA,DCOM,and Tspace,are designed and implemented using the suggested object models and service models.They are applied to the Ball and Beam position control system and their response times are measured.It is known from these measurements that the CORBA-based DCS has shorter response time than both DCOM-based one and Tspace-based one.This paper suggests two advanced modules of broadcasting service and event service to reduce communication delays without modification of ORB structure.
这个是老师让翻译的东西，不知道讲的是什么东西。谢谢1楼的兄弟，我再研究下看看！文章题目是Design and performance analysis of middleware-based distributed control systems