label licensing CM

英语翻译
翻译1：Many government jurisdictions also have licensing procedures which require engineering graduates to pass an examination,Similar to the bar examinations for a lawyer,before they can actively start on their careers.
2：Many great buildings built in earlier ages are still in existence and in use.Among them are the 万神庙 and the 罗马斗兽场 in Rome,圣索菲教堂 in Istanbul;the Gothic churches of France and England,and theRenaissance cathedrals,with their great domes,like the Duomo in Florence and St.Peter's in Rome.They are massive structures with thick stone walls that counteract the thrust of their great weight.Thrust is the pressure exerted by each part of a structure on its other parts.
3:Highway surveying techniques have been revolutionized during the past decade due to the rapid development of electronic equipment and computers.These techniques can be grouped into three general categories:conventional ground surveys,remote sensing,and computer graphics.
4:Concrete is strong in compression,but weak in tension:its tenslie strength varies form 8 to 14 percent of its compressive strength.Due to such a low tensile capacity,flexural cracks develop at early stages of loading.In order to prevent such cracks form developing,a concentric or eccentric force is imposed in the longitudinal direction of the structral element.This force prevents the cracks from developing by eliminating or considerably reducing the tensile stresses at the critical midspan and support sections at service load,thereby raising the bending,shera,and torsional capacities of the sections.The sections are then able to behave elastically,and almost the full capacity of the concrete in compression can be efficiently utilized across the entire depth of the concrete sections when all loads act on the structre.

the high licensing fees they have to pay to technology providers .
the high licensing fees they have to pay to technology providers are also an important reason for their decision of self-reliance.
1、这是定语从句,是不是这样还原的：
they have to pay to technology providers【 the high licensing fees 】 are also an important reason for their decision of self-reliance.
2、pay to sb.sth.

帮我看看这英文是啥意思?
SAN-X CO,LTD.
ALL RLGHTS RESERVED.
A Licensing Programme of RM

英语翻译
具体点就是医院这三个认证（ licensing、accreditationcertification）和的区别.
环境语句：In addition to redesigning the regulations governing hospital operations,two areas of complementary regulation are important:labor market deregulation and hospital licensing,accreditation,and certification.

the following licensing error was encountered while attempting to retrieve available licenses for 'ansys'
unable to connect to flexlm license server
please see the ansys ,lnc.licensing guide's troubleshooting sectionfor more information

Destiny is a deck of CARDS,licensing is god,play CARDS is myself

PADS打开时提示Licensing erroe the system data appears to have bee set back cannot continue这个错误
请问是什么意思