宾语从句怎样理解

用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语,将这个句子叫做宾语从句.宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语.现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：
一,引导词
A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say,think,wish ,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear ,feel等动词后.连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中.
例：I told him that he was wrong.
l在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think 等动词变为否定形式.
例：I don’t think you are right.(我认为你做的不对)
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语.
例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句.Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if 可以替换.
例：I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.
l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
例：I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
C,由wh-引导的宾语从句.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,和连接副词when,where,why,how 等连接的宾语从句,它们在句中即有连接从句的作用,又在句中充当句子的成分.
例：Do you know which film they are talking about?(which做定语)
I don’t know where he lives.(where 做地点状语)
二,宾语从句的语序,
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序,既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例：I believe that they will come soon.
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
二,宾语从句的时态.
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制,
既：主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定.
主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态.如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态.
例:
1)She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3)She says that she has finished her homework already.
She said that she had finished her homework already.
4)She says that she can sing a song in English.
She said that she could sing a song in English.
l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态.
例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
He told me that Japan is an island country.
lCould you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见,语气委婉,并不表示过去.
例：Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?
注意事项：
u由陈述句变成宾语从句时,要注意人称的变化.
例：She said:“I have been to England before.”
She said that she had been to England before.
She asked me:“Do you like maths?”
She asked me if I liked maths.
u宾语从句与简单句的交换.
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句,如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时,可以用“疑问词+不定式
”做宾语的简单句结构.
例：I don’t know what I should do next.
I con’t know what to do next.
He didn’t know where he would live.
He didn’t know where to live.

1.if
2.how
3.whether
4.old
5.if
6.who
7.why
8.when
9.when
10.that

the book was written by a famous scienti
I got a lot of useful information from it.
显然,第二句中,it 是作from 介宾的.
是宾语.
但是:
which/that I got a lot of useful information from
是作主句中book的定语,
这一点不要弄混了.
在原句中成分,和在从句是是不一样的.

修饰名词的从句（放在名词后）称之为定语从句.
The boy that/who you saw just now is my brother.
放在及物动词后的从句就是宾语从句.
I think that you are right.

1.当然是：to have a check where the problem is
2.此类题目主要还是看宾语从句的句子结构构成：引导词 + 陈述句（句序）
如：I know (that the teacher is in the classroom).
I don't know (whether/if the teacher is in the classroom).
I don't know (where the teacher is).
3.所以是where the problem is,而不是where is the problem.
因为the problem在该从句中是主语,is是表语,而where等于一个表地点的表语.
既然是陈述句序,当然按照：引导词（表语）+ “主 + 系”的结构.

是宾语从句,主句的主语是All the friend 谓语是commented on 宾语是how 引导的句子 从句中it 是形式主语,不定式 to have.是真正的主语.从句的结构how strange it was 与She said how long it is. 是相同的.

This is the bike which I bought
which I bought修饰bike,定语从句
I like to have friends who are like me句子错误,正确的是I like to have friends who like me
who like me修饰friends,定语从句
宾语从句举一个例子：
He says that he will go to Beijing soon.
that he will go to Beijing soon（that可以省略）是say的宾语,是宾语从句.
一定要分清 宾语 和 定语 的概念,宾语 是跟在动词之后的,定语 是修饰名词的

定语从句　　定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面.在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词叫做定语从句...

1.我一般觉得while后面加 be doing 形式
不过在你这种情况下when＋ be doing也行的
2.这是个省略句His mother found（that） he was playing computer games last evening
he was playing computer games last evening是that 引导的宾语从句,是一个独立的句子.he在这里做主语,所以不用him
例子：I think （that）he'll come.
3.楼上的说得很对.
he是三单,后面的动词要加s.
when he play soccer也是个宾语从句,但he play soccer是独立句子,任何情况下三单后面加S的规律是不变的.

She said she had had some bread this morning.
注意到主句是一般过去时,所以从句时态要往前推一格的,原来是过去时,现在变成过去完成时
另外从句的主语应该改成she

1.D
2.C
1题有点问题吧,好像就D还有接近.2题中表达的意思是对I 要做的工作的期待.to do 不定式表将来

选B吧
"___ kept him happy while he was working aborad "
是从句
而从句中又缺少一个主语
所以之能用WHAT了
其它选项不能充当成份的

看有没有用？

i want to know what mike thinks of the festival.
将从句语序正常化即可

Do you know what the matter is?

..

Do you know__when___ the work will be finished?
He wants to know___who___broke the window.
I want to know__when______you visit the zoo.
Please find out___when___the plane take off.

.how many sheep there are
have been sol
直接引语变间接引语
一、如何变人称;
下面有一句顺口溜“一随主.二随宾,第三人称不更新”.“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰.从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称.或被第二人你所修饰.从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致.如果引号外的主句没有宾语.也可以用第一人称,如：
He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then.
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时.如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：
Mr Smith said. "Jack is a good worker."→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker.
二、如何变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整.
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态.如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend."→She said he would go to see his friend.
但要注意在以下几种情况下.在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化.
①直接引语是客观真理.
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.
②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变.如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变.如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980." →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.
④直接引语如果是一般现在时.表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变.如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning." →He said he gets up at six every morning.
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to, had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,（例：could, should, would, might）不再变.如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today." →Peter said I had better go there that day.
三、如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规津,时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday.变为 the day before）地点状语,尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代词修饰的状语,由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
四、如何变句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句,间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句.如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句,间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）.
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型.如：
"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）.”如：
He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话,这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来,这叫做间接引语.例如：
John said, "I’m going to London with my father."
约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去."（引号内是直接引语）
John said that he was going to London with his father.
约翰说,他要和他父亲去伦敦.（宾语从句是间接引语）
由直接引语变为间接引语,分以下情况：
1． 直接引语是陈述句时
间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略）,主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等.
He said , "You are younger than I."-’He said (that ) I was younger than him.
2.直接引语是疑问句时
间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等.
（1） 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句.
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven’t you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
（2） 选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句.
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句.
He asked , "Where do you live?"
→He asked me where I lived.
3.直接引语是祈使句时
间接引语为不定式,作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don’t 变为not ）.
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said to him , "Don’t leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open.
[注意]
（1） 有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句,可以用suggest ,insist等动词 加以转述.例如：
He said, "Let’s go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don’t you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4.直接引语是感叹句时
间接引语为what 或how 引导,也可以用that 引导.
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5．如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态.如果主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化：
（1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时
（2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时
（3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时
（4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时
（5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时
（6） 过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时
[注意]
（1） 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时,变为间接引语,一般现在时不改为一般过去时.如：
The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
（2） 如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语,变为间接引语时,一般过去时不改为过去完成时.如：
He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效,变为间接宾语时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时.如：
He said, "I’m a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作,在变为间接引时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时.如：
The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句中的谓语动词,从句的一般过去时则不变.如：
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时,这些情态动词没有时态的改变.例如：
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.
6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化.
指示代词 this ---that
these--- those
表示时间的词 now --- then
today--- that day
this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc)
yesterday ----the day before
last week(month) --- the week(month) before
three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)before
tomorrow ----the next (following ) day
next week(month)--the next(following)week(month)
表地点的词 here --there
动词 bring -- take
come --go
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d out

相信自己,你是对的：即
Can you tell me ( 主句）where 引导词there is a good place to eat?（从句）
注：whether / if 是否,主句的动词应该是ASK
加油!不明白再问!

分别举个例子：
宾语从句：
i don't know what to do.i don't know which one is the best.象这种有whatwhichthat引导句子在整个句子充当宾语成分.那就是宾语从句.主语：i 谓语：don't know 宾语：what to do.
定语从句：
i don't know the man who is wearing a pair of glass.象这中由who,which,that,when 引导的句子在整个句子中做定语成分就叫定语从句.
主语：i
谓语：don't know
宾语：the man
定语：who is wearing a pair of glass.修饰the man.
状语从句：
i don't know she is my english teacher when i see her at first time.我第一眼见到她的时候,不知道她是我的英语老师.
象这样以when引导的句子在整个句子中充当状语成分的就是状语从句.
主语：i
谓语：don;t know
宾语：she is my english teacher.
状语：when 引导的句子.

在虚拟语气中状语从句：
例：If I were a bird,I would fly in the sky.
这句中If I were a bird是从句,I would fly in the sky是主句
一般这种情况分三种
1,与现在事实相反
就是我刚才造的那个句子
记住,从句格式是If+主语+动词过去式
主句格式是主语+情态动词（一般是should或would）后面跟状语
2,与过去事实相反
例：If I had got up early this morning,I would have caught that bus.
这里表示如果早上我早些起床,我就能赶上那班汽车了,也就是说,现在的时间肯定是在早上之后,他并没有赶上汽车,与过去事实相反正确的结构应该是从句：If+主语+过去完成时态 主句：主语+情态动词（一般是would或should）+现在完成时态
3,与将来事实相反
例：If it rained tomorrow,I would stay at home.
记住,有一种情况,与将来事实相反和与现在事实相反是一样的,当然后面也可以跟祈使句,比如你可以说,If it should rain tomorrow,don't call me也是可以的（但是祈使句只能和should搭配）还有一种是从句：If+主语+were to+动词原形,主句后面一样~
宾语从句中
你就要去背了
像一些命令的动词,比如order,command
建议：suggest,propose,advise,move,recommend要求：ask,demand,request,desire等等,去背吧
虚拟语气中这些词一旦出现
后面肯定是跟should do（动词原形）
should也可以省略
就是这样搭配了
还是建议你多去看看语法书,书上是比较彻底的
这样讲毕竟是片面了一点,只能讲个大概,往深了去就要靠自己了,还有很多细节上的问题,得自己去琢磨,才会知道~

一个that 是跟在think后面用来引导从句,而第二个that是作为从句中的主语存在的,所以第二个不能省 口语中通常可以把第一个省掉,也就是说无实义引导词that是可以省略的.但如果省略可能产生歧义,所以不能.

1}If he can't catch the bus,_________________________.
he will be late for school.
如果他赶不上公车,他就会迟到
2}If Lucy tidies her room every day,_____________________.
her room should not be so dirty.
如果路西每天都打扫她的房间,她的房间就不会这么脏了.
3}If you don't want to be fatter,_________________________.
you should do more exicise.
如果你不想更胖,那么你应该多做运动.
4}If he doesn't feel well,_________________.
he should go to see the doctor.
如果他身体不舒服,那么他应该去看医生.
问题补充：
5}If I eat too much lunch ,_______________
I would take a rest.
如果中午吃的太多,我就要休息一下.
6}If I don't help others,__________--.
they will get into troubles.
如果我不帮助他们,那么他们就会陷入麻烦.

I tell my friend that we must go now.
I ask her who the girl over there is.

嘿嘿,tomorrow都出来了,咋还用when呢?应该用whether,整句话的意思是：请告诉我你明天是否要启程去北京.

AC都对.我确定!

where副词 adv.1.在哪里, 到哪里, 在什么位置2.在…(地方); 到…(地方) This is the house where the great man was born.这所房子便是那位伟人出生的地方.She was shown into a small room, where there was a dyin...

1.He said he didn't watch TV.
2.She said she could come far more help after school.
3.She said they were the best basketball players in the school.
4.Bill said he was going home at 5:00.
5.Do you know which the way to the supermarket is.
6.Our teacher told me the earth is bigger than the moon.

1.Much of __B_ I have learned will be found in this book.
A. that B. what C. whether
2.He said that light __C_ much faster than sound.
A. traveled B. will travel C. travels
3.The teacher has said that the children __A__ their homework very well every day.
A. finished B. had finished C. finish
4.Susan told me _B___.
A. what a delicious cake was it
B. how delicious the cake was
C. how delicious cake was

The doctor saked her（if）（she）（was) feeling bette
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直接引语如果有具体的表过去时间的时间状语,如yesterday,last week,in 2008等,在变为间接引语时时态可以不变
如：My father said to me,"I saw the film in 1999."
-----My father told me that he saw the film in 1999

what 引导的是describe的宾语，做宾语从句。
that引导的宾语从句中，是不做从句的任何成分的。
句子中consider是及物动词，后需要接宾语 ，what做consider的宾语，而that 就不行。
翻译：在John的作品中，他描写了他认为由科学和技术带来的社会上思想的贫瘠...

第一句 tell sb. sth.
why i asked you to come 作直接宾语,是从句,因此是宾语从句；
第二句是典型的主谓宾句型,you作主语,do 作谓语,what从句作宾语,也是宾语从句.
具体作什么类型的从句是由从句在句子中所起的作用来决定的.

1 一般 位于 谓语的后面的 是 宾语 2 有的谓语是实义动词并且是及物动词 或特殊的需加双宾语如 tell sb sth ,ask sb sth(或 make sb done,have sth done带有命令 使动的 意思 ) 3 叙述 动作发出者具体的行为 4 有时介词的 后面 用宾语5 with 结构
宾语从句是 紧跟在宾语后的 具有 修饰宾语的作用 区分于宾补（补充说明作用）
宾从一般陈述句 的 形式 展开对宾语的修饰如 None of us knows( where these parts can be bought)做知道的宾语 知道是什么 很自然 问出来

1. I know that our teacher wrote this book in 1988.
2. I heard that our CHinese teacher has gone to Shanghai.
3. I hope that it will not rain.
4. He said that Paul would finish his homework tomorrow.
是否可以解决您的问题？

是宾语从句,因为flied to 是整句话的谓语,缺少宾语

这个嘛……这样来说吧：宾语从句在动词后边充当成分 标志：动词之后；例如：I like what my boyfriend gave me. like 之后就是整个宾语从句定语从句为修饰名词的 可以理解为“打扮” 主要做修饰、解释说明 被修饰...

1/A
discover ：发现,指经过一定努力有目的地去找到,常用于发现未知的事物
find：偶然发现,不经意间
2/requesting=which requests
3/A who 在定于从句中作主语

宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.
时态：1·主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时.
2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态.
3·主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时.
1.宾语从句的连接词
从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.
He told that he would go to the college the next year
他告诉我他下一年上大学.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
没人知道他是否会通过考试.
连接代词
连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?
I don’t know whom you should depend on.
我不知道你该依靠谁.
The book will show you what the best CEOs know.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?
你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
2.动词的宾语从句
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us that they would help us though the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:
make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.
我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天写日记成了习惯.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.
我们认为你会同意我们的.
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
3.介词的宾语从句
用wh-类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
4.形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
5.if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.
③whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④在不定式前只能用whether.
如： I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下.
⑤避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
6.哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;
当宾语从句较长时;
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;
在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
7.宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
8.宾语从句的时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时的时候
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
宾语从句,即：在主句中担当宾语的从句.学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态.
连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人）
1．从句为陈述句,常选择连接词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连.
2．从句为一般疑问句,常选择连接词if或whether.在whether…ornot结构中不能用if替换.
3．从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词.
注意：当who为主语时,句式为：who+谓语+其他三：判断时态情况：
1.主句是一般现在时,从句为各种时态情况
2.主句是一般过去时,从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实,用一般现在时
1. The teacher told the children that the sun＿＿＿＿ round.
A. was B. is C. were D. are
2. I believe that our team＿＿＿＿ the basketball match.
A. win B. won C. will win D. wins
3. I don’t know＿＿＿＿ to visit the old man.
A. whether B. if C. that D. who
The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school.
A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where
答：选B,动词reach后接宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,where不可,which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义,不知道哪一座庙宇,而是用what从句表陈述含义,意“过去的一座旧庙宇”；temple后为对其修饰的定语从句,用关系代词which代替,并在从句中作动词used的宾语,use sth. as…“把…用作…
whether + or not
宾语从句,在复合句中作宾语,位于及物动词后；
eg． Tell him which class you are in ．
Do you know what he likes?
注：(1)主、从句时态一致：
主句谓语过去时,从句相应过去时；
He answered that he was listening to me.
主句谓语现在时,从句时态任所需；
eg． He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk.
They know (that) he is working hard.
具体过去永不变,真理格言现在时；
eg．He told me that he was born in 1980.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
（2）否定前移,及完成反意问句；
在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时,应转移到主句上去,完成反意问句时,应与从句主、谓保持一致.（注: 否定前移的条件是,主句主语是第一人称）
eg． I don't think you are right ,are you ?
I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?
（3）在表示建议 suggest , advise
要求demand 、desire、require、request、propose；
决定 decide;
命令 order、command;
坚决主张 insist;
等动词后跟宾语从句,用（should）+v．（虚拟语气）
eg． I suggested that you（should）study hard．
He ordered that we should go out at once．
（4）如果宾语从句后有宾语补语,用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句后置
eg．You may think it strange that he would live there．
（5）宾语从句that常可省略,但在以下情况下不能省略
A．当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,可以省略第一个that,其他不能省略.
eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get bet?鄄ter．
B．当it作形式宾语时
eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him．
C．当宾语从句前置时
eg．That our team will win,I believe．

变人称 , 语序为陈述语序,标点,时态 看看下面的题
1).How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Could you tell me how ______ _____ on with his new classmates?
2).What is he doing there? Mother didn't know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句
Mother didn't know what _______ ______doing there.
3).You'd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on.(改错)
4)What's his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）
I asked him what _______ _______ _______.
5)Why didn't he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Could you tell me why _______ ______ look happy?
6)Does he still live in that street? I don't know(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.
7)Whose children is the old woman looking after?Did you find out? （改为含有宾语从句的复合句）
Did you find out whose children the old woman ______ _______ after?
8)The moon moves round the earth. My sister told me.（同上）
My sister told me ______ the moon_______ round the earth.
9) I think it is not going to snow tomorrow.（改错）
10). "Do you want to try something new." Tom's mother asked him.(同义句转换)
Tom's mother asked him________ ________ ________to try something new.

1.宾语从句
1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后.连词that常可省略.介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句.in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配,其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句.
*I promised that I would change the situation.
*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.
*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.
*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.
2)宾语从句后如有宾补,要用形式宾语it来代替,而把宾语从句移至宾补之后.
He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.
3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中,如果谓语是否定的,一般将否定词移至主句谓语上,宾语从句则变成肯定形式.
He didn't think that the money was well spent.
2.定语从句
定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词,也可以是一个句子.定语从句通常位于先行词之后,由关系代词或关系副词引导.
*限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句修饰先行词,对先行词起修饰作用,紧接先行词之后,无逗号,若省去,原句意思不完整.引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等.who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有时也可指物,相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定语从句中.关系代词除了引导定语从句,替代先行词外,还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等.
The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.
Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people.
The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.
1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时,只能用关系代词that引导从句.
That is all that I've heard from him.
He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.
2)关系代词的省略
在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略.关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时不可用that,只可用which或whom引导从句,并且不可省略,但当介词位于宾语从句句末时,作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that,也可省略.
This is one of those things with which we have to put up.
This is one of those things (whichthat) we have to put up with.
3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等.关系副词在从句中作状语,意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构.
Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings.
No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day.
*非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响.不可用that引导非限制性定语从句.关系词不可省略.
Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism.
*“介词+whichwhomwhose”引导的定语从句
“介词+whichwhomwhose”可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句,该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配,或先行词的习惯搭配.
This is the computer on which he spent all his savings
It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.
*as引导的定语从句
as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中,代替先行词是人或物的名词.as引导非限制性定语从句时,代替整个主句,从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间.
These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems)
As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主语)
3.状语从句
*时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有：
1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等.
We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here.
2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every) time,the moment,immediately(that)等.
As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.
The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.
*地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever.
Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.
*原因、结果和目的状语从句
1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等.
Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well.
2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that,such...that
,so that,that,so等.
Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave.
3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等,从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词.
We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station.
*条件和让步状语从句
1）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as(so) long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing) that,supposing等.
As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data.
2)引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however.)等.though,even if等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构,具有强调意义.其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”.
No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind.
Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young)
Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child)
*方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连词有as,just as,as if,as though等.as if,as though引导的状语从句中,谓语动词常用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反.
The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him.
Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.

根据从句在句中的成分来判断.复合句是由两个或两个以上的有主谓结构的句子用从属连词连接起来的句子.其中一个句子是主体,叫做主句,而其他的句子叫做从句.从句由连接词引导,它们是:that,before,whether,if,although,because,as long as,as soon as,since,after,who,which,whom,what,whose,why,where,how,when,从句尽管有主谓结构,但不能单独成为一个句子,在句中,从句仅担任某个成分,根据担任的成分从句可分主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,定语从句,状语从句.主语从句 在句中起主语作用的句子叫做主语从句.主语从句一般放在句首.引导主语从句的词有下列:that,who,whether,if,what,which,when,where,how,why.Who cleaned the blackboard is not known yet.谁擦的黑板还不知道.What he said is not true.他说的不是实话.That he'll come to see us is really great.他来看我们真是太好啦.It's very good that he has passed the exam.他通过了考试太好了.宾语从句 在句中起宾语作用的句子叫做宾语从句,宾语从句放在动词后面.引导宾语从句的词有下列.that,if,whether,what,which,when,where,how,why,I didn't expect that he had broken the glass.我没有想到他把玻璃打破了.Could you tell me who is your teacher?你能告诉我谁是你的教师吗?I don't know why he is absent.我不知道为什么他不在.表语从句 在句中起表语作用的句子叫做表语从句,表语从句放在系动词的后面.引导表语从句的词有下列.that,if,whether,what,which,when,where how,why等.The question is whether he will join us next time.问题是下次他是否跟我们一起干.That is why I am late.这就是我为什么迟到.定语从句 在句中起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句,定语从句放在被修饰的名词后面.引导定语从句的词有下列.who,whose,that,which,whom,when,where why.Do you know the man who is in the car.你认识坐在汽车里的人吗?This is the place where I was born.这就是我出生的地方.That is the reason why he lost his job.这就是他为什么失去工作的原因.状语从句 在句中起状语作用的句子叫做状语从句,状语从句一般放在句后,强调时放在句首.He opened the windows since it was hot.由于天气热,他打开了窗户.When he was young,he couldn't go to school.他年青的时候没能上学.I'll let you know as soon as he come back.他一回来我就告诉你.定语从句相当于形容词,用来修饰名词或代词.宾语从句相当于一个宾语,用作名词.状语从句相当于句子中的一个状语,或副词,指时间、地点和原因等.虽然它们意义不同,但用法大致相同,都要用陈述语序,都要有连接词

宾语从句
一、宾语从句概说 宾语从句是在复合句中起宾语作用的从句. 在谓语动词, 介词和某些形容词等后面都可以接宾 语从句. 同学们要掌握好宾语从句,主要应该注意以下三个关键：
1．连接词：根据从句类型而定.
2．语序：用陈述句语序.
3．时态：根据主句中谓语动词的时态而定.（自然、科学规律及真理可以除外）
二、宾语从句的连接词： 宾语从句的连接词：
1． that that 引导陈述意义的宾语从句,无实际意思,在从句中也不充当任何成分.在口语和非正式文 体中 that 常被省略. She said that she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们. I think she is right.我认为她是对的（that 被省略）
2． whether, if： whether 与 if 引导选择意义的宾语从句,意思为"是否". I wonder whether/ if she still lives here after so many years. 这不知道经过这么之年她是否还住在这里. Have you found out whether/if he is in London?你弄清楚他是否在伦敦了吗?
3． what, who, whom, which 这是一组连接代词,引导疑问意义的宾语从句. Can you tell me what bread is made from?你能告诉我面包是由什么制造的吗? I can't remember who has come to my office.我不记得谁来过我的办公室了. Tom asked me whom/who they were talking about.汤姆问我他们在谈论谁. I want to know which is better.我想知道哪一个更好些. whom 引导宾语从句时一般可由 who 替换,但如果宾语从句的介词提前,则只能用 whom,不 能用 who. I wonder with who she is angry.（×） I wonder with whom she is angry.我不知道她在跟谁生气.
4． when, where, why, how 这是一组连接副词,引导疑问意义的宾语从句. I'm not sure when he will be back.我不能肯定他何时回来. I can't tell you where he lives.我不能告诉你他住在哪儿. We don't know why he broke the window.我们不知道他为何打破窗户. Would you please tell me how I can get to the nearest bus stop? 请告诉我如何才能到达最近的公共汽车站好吗?
5．某些形容词如 afraid, sure, glad, happy 等后也可以带宾语从句（也有人认为是状语从句）. I'm afraid (that) we can't get there on time.恐怕我们不能准时到达那里了. He's not sure whether he can find her.他不能肯定他是否能够找到她.
三、宾语从句的时态： 宾语从句的时态： 宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态保持一致.
1． 如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时,现在进行时和现在完成时）,宾语从句可以是实 际需要的任何时态. I am wondering whether he has come or not.我不知道他是否已经来了.（现在完成时） Please tell me when we'll have the meeting.请告诉我什么时候开会.（一般将来时） I don't know who they are talking about.我不知道他们正在谈论谁.（现在进行时） I have heard the window was broken by John.我已经听说窗户是被约翰打破的.
2． 如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时,过去进行时）,宾语从句必须选用过去的某一 时态（即一般过去时,过去将来时,过去进行时或过去完成时等） He said he would kill her.他说他会杀了她.（过去将来时） She told us Lucy had returned home.她告诉我们露茜已经回家去了.（过去完成时） Mary was wondering who could answer the question. 玛丽想知道谁能回答这一问题.（一般过去时） I didn't tell them where you were having the meeting. 我没有告诉他们你们正在哪儿开会.（过去进行时）
3． 如果宾语从句表示的是科学其理、客观事实或格言警句等,则不管这句是何种时态,从句 一律用一般现在时. Granny told me that the earth moves around the sun.奶奶告诉我地球围绕太阳转. She said a friend in need is a friend indeed.她说患难朋友才是真正的朋友.
四、宾语从句的语序： 宾语从句的语序： 宾语从句的语序一律使用陈述语序.
1． 当宾语从句原为陈述句时,用 that 引导,语序不变.（注意时态的一致）
Tom isn't a good student. (The teacher told us) The teacher told us Tom wasn't a good student.老师告诉我们汤姆不是一个好学生.
He has given up smoking. (She said) She said he had given up smoking.她说他已经戒烟了.
2． 当宾语从句原为一般疑问句时,用 whether 或 if 连接,语序变为陈述语序.
Is Jim a doctor? (I wonder) I wonder whether Jim is a doctor.我想知道吉姆是否是个医生.
Does she dance well? (Can you tell me) Can you tell me if she dances well? 你能告诉我她舞跳的是否好吗?
3． 当宾语从句原为特殊疑问句时,特殊疑问词即为连接词,语序变为陈述语序.
Where are you going? (She asked me) She asked me where you were going.她问我你去哪里.
What does he want to do. (She wondered) She wondered what he wanted to do.她不知道他想干什么.

定语从句专题
一、什么是定语从句? 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或 代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出. 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which 等. 关系副词有：when, where, why 等. 初中阶段我们仅仅要求学生能够认识,并且正确翻译由关系代词 that, which, who 等引导的 定语从句.
请观察下面的句子：
This is the mountain village which I visited last year. 在这句话中,mountain village 为先行词,which 为关系代词,关系代词其实就是先行词的化 身,它在从句中充当主语或者宾语.所以以上的句子可以被翻译成： 这是我去年访问过的山村. 这是我去年访问过的山村. 这句话的主干是“This is the mountain village.”这是那个小山村. 从句部分是 “which I visited last year”,看上去这句话是缺少宾语的,实际上关系代词 which 就是宾语,它既是从句的引导词,又是宾语.
请看下面的句子：
He is the person who helped me with my homework last week.
翻译成： 他是上周帮助我做功课的那个人. 主句部分是“He is the person” 从句部分是“who helped me with my homework last week” 看上去,这个从句是缺少主语的,实际上,从句的主语就是 who,他跟在先行词后面,代表 先行词,在从句中充当主语.
二、关系代词：that, which, who.
1. 首先：在定语从句中所有的关系代词和关系副词都是先行词的化身,在翻译的时候,不 参照他们本身疑问副词,疑问代词的意思,如： I am looking for the photos which you took in Australia. 我正在找你在澳大利亚拍的照片. 这里的 which 代表照片,并不翻译成“哪一个”,再如 He is the photographer who won the photo competition last time. 他就是那个赢得上次摄影比赛冠军的摄影师. 这里的 who 代表 photographer,也不翻译成“谁”
2. 其次：（1）who 前面的先行词一定是人物： I got some great shots of the boy who plays the guitar on the left. 我给左边弹吉他的男孩照了一些不错的相片. 这里的先行词是 the boy,是人,所以关系代词用 who,当然用 that 也可以
（2）which 前面的先行词一定是事物： It is a band which gets everyone dancing. 这是一支能让每个人都舞动起来的乐队. 这句话的先行词是 a band,不是人,是乐队,所以用 which,也可以用 that.
（3）that 前面的先行词既可以是人,也可以是物. 注意：这并不代表 that 是万能的关系代词,到高中的时候我们就会学到,在某些定语从句, 尤其是非限定性定语从句中,我们是不能使用 that 的,但是我们在初中阶段并不要求.
3. 定语从句关系代词的省略： 与许多其它从句一样,定语从句的引导词 – 关系代词也是可以省略的,但是省略是需要条 件的,就是当关系代词在从句中充当宾语的时候,关系代词可以省略. ,就是当关系代词在从句中充当宾语的时候,关系代词可以省略. 重点有两个：第一就是从句中 从句中,所以我们要分清什么是主句,什么是从句,如： 从句中 I'll never forget the days which I spent in the countryside. 我永远都忘不了我在乡下的日子. 在这句话里,I will never forget the days.是主句,which I spent in the countryside 是从句,再 看：
Please show me the book which you bought yesterday. 请给我看一眼你昨天买的书. 在这句话里面,Please show me the book 是主句,which you bought yesterday 是从句. 第二个重点就是充当宾语： 充当宾语： 充当宾语 He is the person who talked to me last time. 他是上次和我说话的那个人. 在这句话中,关系代词 who 作为 the person 的化身,在从句中充当主语. He is the person who I met last time. 他是我上次遇见的那个人. 在这句话中,关系代词 who 作为 the person 的化身在从句中充当宾语,这个 who 可以省略. 判断关系代词充当主语还是宾语可以看它后面是否紧跟谓语动词, 如果紧跟谓语动词 （如第 一句）,则关系代词为主语,不能省略；若反之,其后没有紧跟谓语动词,而是名词（从句的主 语）,则关系代词在从句中作宾语,可以省略关系代词.
三、定语从句与宾语从句的区别： 顾名思义,定语从句是从句充当定语的复合句,宾语从句是从句充当宾语的复合句,二者迥 然不同,但是在使用中,同学们总是容易混淆这两个句型.请从以下几点区分：
（1）通过从句的位置：定语从句的位置在名词代词的后面（先行词一般是由名词或者代词 充当的）.宾语从句的位置一般在动词或者介词短语之后,因为宾语一般都在动词或者介词短语 之后. 请判断下面句子是定语从句还是宾语从句： I don’t know what you are talking about. He is angry with what you said. The tall boy who you met just now is my brother. 经过判断,前两句是宾语从句,第三句是定语从句.
（2）通过引导词：定语从句的关系代词只有 that, who, which, whom,whose 关系副词也只有 when, where, why,所以如果有的句子是 whether, if, how, what 等词引导的,肯定不是定语从句.
（3）通过从句的成分：都是 that 引导的从句,宾语从句和定语从句也有的区别,我们可以 通过 that 在从句中充当的句子成分判断,如： I know that you are right. 我知道你是对的. 这是一个宾语从句,that 引导的宾语从句,that 只是连接词,不充当任何成分,所以 that 后 面的句子 you are right 是一个主语谓语完全的句子. He is the person that I am looking for.这是一个定语从句,that 在从句中充当 look for 的宾语, 所以看上去 look for 是没有宾语的.

C

你句中少一个词,应该是：If you _ (see) Tom please ask him if he _ (come) to Jim's birthday tomorrow.
第一个if意思是“如果”,引导状语从句,填see,因为这儿的条件状语从句要求用一般现在时,
第二个if意思是“是否”,引导宾语从句,填will come,因为是宾语从句,而且后面还有tomorrow.

陈述句用that连接，疑问句是疑问词，

差别在于这个从句在整个句子中充当的成分,做什么成分就叫什么从句.关系词或代词的作用就是引导这些从句.
主语从句 充当 主语成分,如：（What caused the accident） remains unknown.其中What caused the accident就是主语从句.
最常见的主语从句是形式主语it句型,如It is certain that he will win the match.
以此类推,表语从句His suggestion is（ that we should stay calm.）
宾语从句I don’t know（ if there will be a bus any more.）
状语从句I will call you （as soon as I arrive in Beijing.）
定语从句He lives in a room （whose window faces south.）

He told me he would go to Beijing next year.
不满意欢迎追问,希望能和你一起探讨~
满意请及时采纳（你也有加分哦),O(∩_∩)O谢谢!

Auntie Wang asked my mum what she would have for supper
王阿姨问我妈晚餐要吃什么?
这里的have是实意动词,不是助动词,所以句子缺少宾语,应该用what
如果句子意思是： 王阿姨问我妈吃过晚餐没有
应该这样说：Auntie Wang asked my mum if she had had supper.