关系代词引导的定语从句时,如何判断其充当的成分

语序上没有不同,无论关系代词做主语还是宾语,定语从句都用陈述语序.

This is the book __that__ I bought yesterday (做宾语)
This is the student _who____ helped me yesterday (做主语)

就看从句作为句子,是否主谓宾或主系表这样的结构完整..完整的时候用关系副词,不完整的时候用代词

以此句为例,issue本身已经是宾语了,而且做后面句子中的成分,所以是定语从句.因而如果句子直接做宾语,就是宾语从句了.

who
whom
which/that
who
which/that
which/that
which/that
which/that
which/that

which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分.
who,whom,whose等引导非限制性定语从句时,指代人的普通名词、专有名词等.表示正是或专指先行词等情况.在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等.when,where引导非限制性定语从句时,作定语从句的状语.when ＝and then, where ＝and there.why不引导非限制性定语从句.
as引导非限制性定语从句时,可以代主句的全部或部分内容.常表说话人关于说话的依据、态度、评论、看法等.有“正如、像”等意思.定语从句可以置主句句首、句中或句末.as后常接expect,know,report,say,see等动词的主、被动语态句
这是规定啊.

前2道题不是用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空的吧?
(3)It/That/This is the first/second.. time +(that)从句.并且that从句要用完成时.
(4)(5)题不是同位语从句也不是定语从句,你上初三?不知道你们学过没,是It的强调句型.请参看http://www.***.com/en811/yf/200609/559.html
有解析,有例子,很详细.
构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who,即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此,that, who不可省略.It强调句的一个特点就是去掉It is/was和关系词that/who以后还是一个完整句子,句子成分一点不少.
三个句子的关系词都要用that.
同位语从句与定语从句的区别.
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况.如：
The news that l hove passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的.
（同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容.）
The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的.
（定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息.）
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等.如：
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇.（that在从句中不充当任何成份.）
The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊.
（that在从句中作gave的宾语.）
详细请参看(同位语从句)http://www.***.net/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=146
(6)题是the moment引导的时间状语从句.像这样能引导时间状语的名词短语还有the minute, the instant, the day, the year, each time, every time, the next time, the last time, etc.
例如：1.He went to bed the moment he finished his work.
2.I’ll tell you the whole story the next time we meet.
3.He knew that she was the woman he wanted to marry the instant he saw her.
选择题
1.跟一般语言习惯不一样,很容易选错.按道理,谓语动词应该跟主语一致,主语是I,关系代词who替代的是I,所以要用am.
2.两个句子之间没有连接词(and,but之类),后面的句子只能做前面句子的从句.
3.同上(JP鹏)
4.非限制性定语从句.先行词是前面的句子His father died last year.这是非限制性定语从句的特殊情况.
限制性定语从句的先行词通常是名词、代词或词组；而非限制性定语从句的先行词除了名词、代词外,还可以是个句子.
如:He won the first prize in the contest,which was more than we expected.他在比赛中得了一等奖,这一点真出乎我们所料.
而关系词通常用which,这可以理解为先行词是the fact,关系词用which.
详细请参看(非限制性定语从句)http://www.***.com/gz/tbjak/g1/g1xkbyy/200606/77405.html.
题句译为:他的父亲去年去世了,这使得他不能出国.

y which
about which

简单的来说关系代词就是指代个人啦,物啦之类的,人的时候：whose,who,whom,that,物的时候：which,that
关系副词就是：介词+which,when,where,why,that,指代地点啊时间啊或者原因啊
最简单的方法就是：删掉关系副词,从句还是完整的,语法正确的.如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.
one must yield.人必须屈服
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地.
I was born我出生鸟
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
he refused our offer 他拒绝我们的帮助了
但是关系代词就不可以啦,因为它指代的是一个很实际的东西嘛.不可或缺!缺了的话从句肯定不完整有错误.
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
wants to see you 这是没主语的句子哦
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
I saw yesterday 除了口语的I SEE.其他see后面必须要加东西啊!
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
cover is green.定冠词丢了哦!错句子.╮(╯_╰)╭
这个你百试百灵的,就是看到关系词,遮住,读后面的从句,完整就是关系副词,错句就是关系代词.
我有点墨迹,加油↖(^ω^)↗

代词

在定语从句中关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等.关系副词有：when, where, why等.
在其它从句中who, whom, whose, that, which叫连接代词,when, where, why叫连接副词.

which
why that
where
that
which
which
where
that
that
that
whose
who
which
where
这句不少东西吗where?
who
where
which
that
which
when who
whom
where

不是这样的.我也刚学的.被定语从句说修饰的是先行词,通常位于定语从句之前,而引导从句的是关系代词,如果先行词为人的.关系代词可以用that,who,whom而who,whom的区别是whom在从句中只作宾语.who作主语,

that在引导宾语从句 ,可以省略.
eg：he said (that) he was a student.
主语从句我很少见that引导,一般为what,不能省略.
what he said was a good idea.
what he said是一个主语从句.
that引导同位语从句时,不能省略.
I can't stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly.
she is crying loudly是一个完整的句子,并不是一个修饰语,它the terrible noise的内容,两者都是指一个东西.
that引导定语从句时,可以省略.而which 只有在做宾语时可以省略,其余不能省略.
she wa dressed in a bezutiful skirt (that) was printed two tigs.
was printed two tigs 是用来修饰a bezutiful skirt,做其定语的.
其实以上都可以称之为关系代词,只是搞清楚其用法非常重要,最长考的是定语从句,其次是同位语从句,宾语从句有时候也有,主语从句主要是考what,

定语从句中是没有what这个连词的
which指物
who/whom指人
that 皆可
whose既可以是物,也可以是人,但必须有从属关系

定语从句中先行词为形容词最高级时,只用关系代词that.
1 .当先行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用that,不用which.
He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.
2.当先行词有形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that,而不用which.
Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited

My glasses with which can see nothing are missing
【can see nothing with the glasses】
介词搭配用with

我晕,先行词是被从句所修饰的词,关系词是引导从句的词

如果它是正常语序,是叙述句的时候,短语里面有介词,变成定语成句就要加介词

2.what
3.that
4.why
5.who
6.that
7.why
8.which
9.when
10.when
11.that
12.where
13.where
14that
15why

关系代词用来引导定语从句.它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分.主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词

for which As
这两个题中都用到了非限制性定语从句.(那个逗号就是标志.)非限制性定语从句用which或as引导,其中只有as可以放在句首.as有"正如"的含义,用在句2中很合适.
两句中的先行词均代一个句子.1中which代"The wrong you have done him is terrible","由于这个原因你应该向他道歉",所以采用了介词for.2中as代"over one hundred people were killed or injured in that accident.""正如报道所说,超过一百人在那场事故中死亡或受伤."
需要强调的是.why不能引导非限制性定语从句,所以1不能用why引导.

首先,找出定于从句的先行词,再看它在从句部分充当什么成分,如果是主语,宾语或表语,就用关系代词；如果是状语,就用关系副词.例如：i will never forget the day that/which we spent together.（先行词：the day,在从句中做spent的宾语——“花时间”“我们一起度过的那一天”所以用关系代词that、which）.i will never forget the day when we met at the first time.（先行词：the day,在从句中做状语,而不是met的宾语,不能说“遇见那一天”只能说在那天我们遇见,因此用关系副词when）
同理,你可以试着划分一下下面的两个句子：this is the place where i was brought up.
this is the place that/which we are looking for.

我帮你找到的,希望有用
引导定语从句的关系词分：关系代词和关系副词,用法如下：
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.
1）who,whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书.
3)which,that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.（which / that在句中作宾语）
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语)
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.
1）when,where,why
关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"
结构交替使用,例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地.
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.
What只能引导名词性从 句,用作连接代词,作从句的具体成分,且不能省略.
I think (that) you will like the stamps.
What we need is more practice.

定语从句中会有个先行词的、如：luckly , I had a map、without which I would have got lost幸运的是我有地图、要是没有我就迷路了。此句中map就是先行词、without which就是引导词。
希望可以帮助到你。

如果先行词the one在句子（主句或从句都行）中作表语,则该问题为肯定答案.



定语从句中只用that,不用which的情况：
先行词是all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,none,onthing 等不定代词.
先行词是to be 后面的表语,或者关系代词本身在从句中作表语.
例如 The school is quite different from the one that it used to be.
主句以here,there开头.
例如 Here is the DVD player that you have been looking for.
先行词有the only,the same,the last 等副词修饰.
先行词是序数词,形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰.
主句是以who,which 开头的特殊疑问句
例如 Who is the person that is standing at the gate?
先行词是两个或两个以上,分别表示人和物
例如 I am going to talk about the countries and people that I have visited.

what不是关系代词,关系代词指的是引导定语从句的词,而what是不能引导定语从句的,所以what不是关系代词,但是what引导宾语从句的时候是连接代词,在疑问句开头what 是疑问代词.

1.[at] the back [of which] 就是指“那本书的后面部分”
2.the man [from whose] pocket she stole “从”……偷东西嘛,所以不能忘了from
3.the windows [of which] were damaged 屋子的床
of which其实就是"的".

放在原来的位置就是不提前.如：
This is the house 【in which】 Lincon was born.=This is the house 【which/that】 Lincon was born 【in.】

就算一个动词既是及物又是不及物,也只是说这个动词可作及物动词或不及物动词使用,不可能在一个句子中同时及物或不及物的；
选择关系代词（或关系副词）当然要看先行词,但是要看的是先行词在从句中的成分啊,问题中的the reason在从句he explained to us 中充当的显然是宾语的成分,所以不用why,个人倾向用that更保险.
而像其它的句子,如That is the reason (why＝for which) I did it.
可以说why和that都能引导the reason的定语从句,而且that更是规定语法学派所倡导的用法,反而why是口语用法.不过我国考试中,the reason why 是常见的,而且是推荐答案,这也算是个小小的误区了.

应该就是用关系代词代表了前面所说的东西,例如：
These apple trees,which I planted tree years ago,have not borne any fruit
which就代表了前面的苹果树,避免重复

宾语从句里面的从属连词在从句中不作成分,that（引导陈述句）、wheather/if
引导一般问句,译为‘是否’,但其后的句子语序为陈述句语序,即主前动后.关联代词在从句中作主、宾、表、定语成分,who指人,作主、宾语,谁.whom指人,作宾语,谁.what指事物作主、宾语、表语,什么.which指‘哪一个的.’作定语.whose指‘谁的.’作定语.关联副词在从句中作状语成分,when作时间状语,何时、where作地点状语,何地、why作原因状语,为何、how作方式状语,怎样.宾语从句里面的关联代词、关联副词均表疑问,但从句中关联代词、关联副词后的句子语序也为陈述句语序,即主前动后.
　　定语从句的关系代词和关系副词主要起连接先行词(名词、代词)和定从的作用并替代从句中与先行词相同的名词或代词,且在从句中充当成分.因此,定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的含义与先行词含义一致,已不再表疑问了.

首先,不能说形容词最高级做主语,形容词是作定/ 表/ 宾/补语的,你的意思大概是先行词被形容词最高级修饰吧,原则上是这么说,但它是针对于关系代词徘徊在which与that时,倘若定语从句里关系词是作状语的,则要用相应的关系副词,如：
The Great Wall is the [most popular] place [where] foreign people want to go.

有误之处望大家指出
祝学习进步

into which

正确
状语

问题一：定语从句的连接词主要包含关系代词和关系副词.关系代词顾名思义就是在从句中充当成分,即主语或者是宾语.例如：This is the boy who saved the little dog.这句话中who做的是从句的主语.你现在疑惑怎么判断使用who的依据是什么?好的.关系代词的选用主要看先行词,也就是句子中的the boy,是他决定要用关系代词who的,所关系代词的选用要依据先行词来进行判断.
问题二：关系代词和关系副词的最明显的区别就是,关系代词引导的从句是一个不完整的句子,即缺少主语或者是宾语.关系副词引导的从句是一个完整的句子.这是最直观的区别.

老师说过“含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如：look for, look after, take care of等”
但是The man with whom you talked is my friend. 这句中为什么with可以提前?
现在有点糊涂了,到底什么样的介词能提前,什么样的介词不能提前?
首先,look for你不可以拿掉for,如果拿掉,意思就不同了.也就是说,look for是一个词组,不可拆分；而talk with sb,就不是一个词组,因为你还可以说talk,它还是谈的意思.所以,可以这么下结论：固定词组不能提前.比如：look for, look after, put on,之类的.而turn to sb. 之类就提前或放后面.
When(相当于on/at/during which)
Where(相当于in/at which
Why(相当于for which)
这三种介词+关系代词=关系副词的形式对嘛?
基本对等.应该说是等同于"介词+which"
是任何时候都可以互换吗?
是大部分情况下,不能绝对的.

一、 关系代词和关系副词的区别
1、关系代词（that, who, whom, whose, which）所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.
例1. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who / that在从句中作主语,指人）
例2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom / that在从句中作宾语,指人）
例3. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.（whose在句中作定语,指人）
例4. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.（whose在句中作定语,指物.若指物,它还可以同of which互换）
例5. The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作carry的宾语,指物）
2、关系副词（when, where, why, that）可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用.
例6. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.　
例7. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?　
例8. His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.　
例9. He can’t find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.
二、 判断用关系代词和关系副词
方法1： 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词.及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词.请改错：
1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起.此两题错在关系词的误用上.句1和句2的where, when都应改为which..
方法2： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),根据第一点(区别),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.
例10.This museum is ___ you visited a few days age?
　 A. where　B. that　 C. on which　 D. the one
例11. This is the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
　 A. where　　B. that　 C. on which　　D. the one （答案：例1 D,例2 A）
在例10中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D.
而例11中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语.而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A.
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语).
方法3：当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing,the one, much, few, any, little等,或先行词是形容词最高级时,或在there be 句型中,或当先行行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用that, 而不用which.
例12. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.　
例13. The soldiers and their guns that we sent to the front were lost.
方法4：在引导非限定性定语从句时,和在介词后不能用that,应用which.　　　
例14．(错)　The tree, that (改为which)is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
例15．We depend on the land from which we get our food.


关系副词、“介词 + which / whom”篇
[例句呈现] 仔细观察下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法.
1. This is the village where / in which I ever lived.
2. Can you tell me the office where / in which he works?
3. I still remember the day when / on which I first came to Beijing.
4. Do you know the reason why / for which he is absent?
5. The woman with whom I talked just now comes from America.
6. This is the book which she is looking for.
[用法归纳]
1. 关系副词在定语从句中的基本用法：when作时间状语,where作地点状语,why作原因状语（先行词只有reason一词）；在定语从句中,关系副词一般可转化为“介词 + which / whom”.
2. “介词 + which / whom”中的介词,可置于从句之前,也可置于从句之后,但以置于从句之前较为正式.“介词 + which / whom”中只能用which指代物,用whom指代人.但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面.如：
The teacher from whom I learnt most was Mrs. Zhu.
The machine which I have looked after for twenty years is still working well.
[注意] 有时可以在when / where前加介词from, to等.如：
China is the birth place of kites, from where kite flying spread to the world.
望采纳↖(^ω^)↗

不一样,
where在从句中作地点状语,而why在从句中作原因状语,所以描述的情况不一样.

关系代词 who which that,在定语从句中可以做表语吗
在定语从句中可以做表语关系代词只有that,
如：He isn't the man that he used to be.

Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

本句中where从句是地点状语从句，而不是定语从句。a mark是make的宾语，不是定语从句的先行词。句意：读这本书时，你最好在有疑问的地方做记号。

that nothing不定代词后要用that
that 同上
that all ...that 固定用法
that only 后接that 固定用法
that best等最高级后用that
that first修饰 用that 固定用法

首先你可以先把从句提取出来,然后把关系代词放入从句中,判断他应该放在什么地方,之后一般就可以知道她在从句中作什么成分,关系代词的选择是根据他在从句中作什么成分而选择的,判断对了就好办事了.这个方法还蛮管用的,也很准.

what在引导从句时是连接代词,在特殊问句前是疑问代词.不是所有关系代词都是疑问代词.that whatever whichever 等

y
the chicks were killed by the fox

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我将永远不会忘记和你一工作的日子这个定语从句主句是I'll never forget the days先行词days 是及物动词forget 的宾语，when I worked together with you和你在一起工作的日子修饰先行词days。when=during whi...

你可以使用下面的方法区分：
方法一：用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词.及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词.例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判断改错（注：先显示题,再显示答案,横线；用不同的颜色表示出.）
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where,when联系在一起.此两题错在关系词的误用上.
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.
例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A.where B.that C.on which D.the one
例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A.where B.that C.on which D.the one
答案：例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句：This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句：This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where,that,on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D.
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语.而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A.
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who,whom,that,which,whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) .

看这句：This is the reason which he gave us for carrying out the plan.
the reason that/which 后跟修饰reason的定语从句,比如the reason he gave us 意为 他给我们的理由.why和that/which都引导reason的定语从句,如果表示的是“做什么事的原因”之类,就用why；如果是“他给的原因”之类,就用that/which.