关系副词=介词+which在定语从句中是不是可以任意的替换

在定语从句上介词加which其实也有一些规律 在从句中的状语们 地点状语 时间状语 原因状语 where=in which when=on which why=for which三个关系副词在后面定语从句中充当状语都有相应的介词加which与它们等价替换 如...

这个很简单,你看从句中是否有主语,没有主语,那就是代替主语；
有主语了,那就是宾语,而且从句中你能找到跟这个宾语明确对应的谓语动词；

少时间 少地点 少原因的从句都用关系副词,其余的都用关系代词
明白吗 欢迎再问

一、 定语从句与引导词
定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词,而引导定语从句的词叫引导词,有关系代词和关系副词两类.懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键.
1．关系代词有：
that,which,who,whom,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,whose 作定语.
代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；代物的有：that,which,whose.
例如：
The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人,在定语从句中作主语)
That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.
(whom,who,that代人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略)
I’m not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人,在定从中作表语)
A dictionary is a useful book which(＝that) tells us the meaning of words(which 或that代物,在定从中作主语)
2．关系副词有：when(指时间),where(指地点),why(指原因),在定语从句中作状语.
例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)
The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.
注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从,不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从.例如：We’ll visit the factory which(＝that) makes radios.
(which或that在定从中作主语,where不可用主语,故不可用)
They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.
(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语,when不可作宾语,故不可用)
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开,修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开,可以修饰主句中的某一个词,也可修饰整个句子.非限制性定语从句不能用that引导,引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略.非限制性定语从句例：Li Ping’s father,who works in a factory,is an engineer./He tore up my photo,which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容,因前后两句是因果关系,此时which不可换为as.)
He is good at physics,as is known to us all.＝As is known to us all,he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容,在as is known/believed,as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which)
三、 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合
1．只用that的场合
1）当先行词既包括人又包括物时：
He talked about the men and the books that attracted him.
2）指物的先行词被any,every,only,very,all,no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./That is the only watch that I like most.
3）指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.
4）先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need?
5）先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him?
2．不用that的场合如下：
1） 非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long
March .
2）介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news
3）句中出现了that,或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.
四、“介词＋关系代词”用法
1．介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配,例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)
2．介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配）,例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)
3．当关系代词作“动词＋介词”固定短语的宾语时,此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前.例如：This is the watch which you´re looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.
五、几个名词后的引导词
1.situation,case,scene,point,activity等后常用where,in which引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word?
2.way(方式,方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句,也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?
3.“the same＋名词”,“such＋名词”,“as＋名词”后通常用as引导定语从句.
例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have).
Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.

副词修饰动词，一般加ly

(1) "介词＋关系代词"可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句."介词＋关系代词"结构中的介词可以是 in,on,about,from,for,with,to at,of,without 等,关系代词只可用whom或 which,不可用 that .
（2）像listen to,look at,take care of等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开.例如：
This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
　　(1) 如果先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which.例如：
　　All the people that are present burst into tears.
　　　　(2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,mush,no,some,very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which,who,或whom.例如：
　　This is my first time that I have seen her.
　　　　(3) 非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略.例如：
　　The boy,who is good at soccer,comes from Xinjiang.
　　That necklace,which you gave me as a present,was lost yesterday.
　　　　(4) which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念.在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与and this 相似,并可以指人.例如：
　　　　He did very well in the competition,which made his parents very happy.
　　　　(5) that可指人或物,在从句中作表语,（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中.
　　　　(6) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体,关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员,则用who.
　　　　(7) 先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物,关系代词应该用that.例如：
　　　　The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
　　　　(8) 如果先行词是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom.
Is there anyone here who will go with you?

关系代词有which，who，whom，指人的
关系副词有where when why时间地点，原因等等（这六个词都能用that代替）。
两类词的区别是：关系代词在定语从句中要充当主语，宾语或表语，
而关系副词在从句中只充当状语（时间，地点原因等等），
通常简单基本句型是主谓宾，主系的表结构。而状语和定语是对句子的丰富扩展意思更详细。不用语法知识来解决就是缺少关系代...

你好。关系代词是指代人、物的代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语。关系副词是指代时间、地点等的副词。希望能帮到你。

要首先分析从句的句子成分.从句中缺主语或宾语用关系代词.从句中不缺主语或宾语才考虑用关系副词.
(1）This is the factory( where I worked last year从句中不缺主语或宾语).
(2) This is the factory （that/which I visited last year从句中visit后缺宾语）.

呵呵！
这是英语定语从句所决定的用法。提供语言表达者两种表达啊。
不过要注意的是：介词提前只能加which和whom，因为这两个词做宾格。不是所有的wh引出的词哦！！！记住了啊？
祝你学习快乐！^_^

把先行词放进定语从句中去看,如：I still remember the day ______we stayed together.
把先行词day放入定语从句“______we stayed together”中,你就会发现,day不可能直接和该句组成一个完整的句子,也就是说改定从缺的不仅是day,而且少了介词on,完整的应是“we stayed together on the day.”,我们不难发现,day 和on在一起是做时间状语的,即如你所说,先行词在定从中做状语,所以,定从应用when引导；
又如：I still remember the day ______ we spent together.你把day 放入定从会发现,直接就是一个完整的句子,即："we spent the day together.",很显然,day这里是做宾语的,所以定从应用which/ that引导.
其他情况可以以此类推.

关系代词及关系副词
先行词
在定语从句中充当成分
可否放
介词后
可否用于非限定从句
可否省略
who
whom
that
which
whose
as
when
where
why
是这样吗?

关系代词

1） 关系代词用来引导定语从句.它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,例如：The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹.（该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语.）
2） 关系代词有主格,宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分.在限定性定语从句中,that 可指人也可指物,见表：
限定性 非限定性 限定性
指 人 指 物 指人或指物
主 格 who which that
宾 格 whom that that
属 格 whose of which/whose of which/whose
例如：
This is the pencil whose point is broken.
这就是那个折了尖的铅笔.
(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)

He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回来取他丢下的书.
（which指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略）
3） 关系代词which的先行词可以是一个句子,例如：
He said he saw me there, which was a lie.
他说在那儿看到了我,纯属谎言.
说明： 关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略, 例如：
I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.
我过去懂拉丁语,现在大都忘了.
He's changed. He's not the man he was.
他变化很大,已不是过去的他了.

关系副词
1.关系副词兼有副词与连接词两种作用.
2.关系副词所引导的形容词子句用于修饰主要子句中的某一名词或代名词,被修饰的词称作先行词,关系副词要放在先行词之后.
3.关系副词主要有四个,即when, where, why, how.此外the也可作关系副词引导副词子句.
Would you please tell me the way how I can get to the zoo?
你能告诉我去动物园的路吗?
the way是先行词.
This is the place where(that) I first met her.
这是我第一次见到她的地方.
在口语中that可以充当关系副词,代替when, why, how,只有先行词是the place时,才可代替where.
A:When should we start to work?
B:The sooner (we start), the better (it will be).
我们该开什么时候应始工作? 越早越好.
the作关系副词是引导副词子句,句子结构一般为:The+比较级...+the+比较级...,第一个the是关系副词.
4.time,day,year,place,house,reason,way等作先行词时可以被省略,其后的子句不再是形容词子句,而变成名词子句或副词子句.
中文:这是他出生的地方.
This is where he was born.
where he was born是名词子句.
This is the place where he was born.
where he was born是形容词子句.
中文:我将在第一次见到她的地方见她.
I'll meet her at the place where I first met her.
where I first met her是形容词子句.
I'll meet her where I first met her.
where I first met her是副词子句.
5.关系副词有限定用法,指的是关系副词引导的形容词子句只修饰先行词.
We were very happy in those days when we studied in school.
我们在学校里上学的那些日子里很快乐.
6.关系副词有补述用法,即关系副词引导的是对等子句而不是形容词子句,主要用于对主要子句中的不足之处加以补充,前面都要加逗点与主要子句分开.
Tom got married the day before yesterday, when it was his birthday too.
汤姆前天结婚了,那天也是他的生日.
7.wherever,whenever,however是复合关系副词,表示"不论",引导一个修饰主要子句里的动词的副词子句,可加强语气或表示让步.
【参见关系形容词】
Wherever he goes, he would bring an umbrella with him.
不论他去那里,他都带着一把雨伞.

当关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略.

在宾语从句中.如果先行词充当从句宾语.那么that或which就可以省略

不是
how不属于关系副词,不能引导定语从句

定语从句的关系词在从句一般都是作成分的,关系代词（没有what）一般作主语、宾语、表语,也可以作定语,关系副词一般都作状语.
而在名词性从句中有三类连接词：连词、连接代词（有what）和连接副词.
连词在从句中是不充当任何成分的,而这时候that是属于连词的一种（这是和定语从句不同的!）,既没有任何词义也不作任何成分.
连接代词和连接副词就可在从句中充当从句的成分.

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.
1）who,whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书.
3)which,that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.（which / that在句中作宾语）
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语)
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.
1）when,where,why
关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"
结构交替使用,例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地.
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.
What只能引导名词性从 句,用作连接代词,作从句的具体成分,且不能省略.
I think (that) you will like the stamps.
What we need is more practice.

限制性定语从句,如果是非限定从,那么从句可以省略后,本句不行!

18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一：用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词.及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词.例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判断改错（注：先显示题,再显示答案,横线；用不同的颜色表示出.）
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where,when联系在一起.此两题错在关系词的误用上.
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.
例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A.where B.that C.on which D.the one
例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A.where B.that C.on which D.the one
答案：例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句：This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句：This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where,that,on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D.
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语.而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A.
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who,whom,that,which,whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) .
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E学网

不可以,as 在定语从句中要么做主语,要么做宾语.所以是关系代词,关系副词只有三个：where ,why,when.

关系代词有who,whom,that,which,whose,关系副词有where(地点）,when（时间）,why（原因）.
总体来说关系副词在定语从句中做状语
他们和关系代词主要的区别是where,when,why=介词+which
eg:This is the house in which (where) I lived last year.
This is the reason for which (why) he was late for school.
That's the day on which (when) I met him in the street.

呵呵 我来回答
这个只要你长期做题目 就能发现出来的一个规律 很高兴你能想到这一点 那么把我的经验和你说一下吧
你说的很对的 关系代词that who which三个要牢记在定语从句中必须充当成分 不是主语就是宾语 比如This is a woman that/whom I have seen.这里做我曾经看过的“看”的宾语
那是一个妇人 怎样的妇人呢 我曾看过她的妇人.
而关系代词where when why 在句子中相当于充当了各种状语
依次为地点状语 时间状语 原因状语. 那么代替句子的状语也就充当从句中的状语了 当然也就也就不能当主宾了 which that who指类是指代人 物之类的 人或物本来就是做名词在句中充当主语宾语的对吧. 就是这样了
举个关系副词的简单例子吧
This is a place where i used live.
“这是一个地方 什么地方呢 我曾经居住过的地方 噢 提过这一题要提醒你了 live为不及物动词 要接上名次place要带上介词 这里变为live in the place , place是一个地方嘛 所以是个名词 比如说：上海 上海是个名词对吧 所以把place用可指代物的which指代掉 然后和介词in一起提前到定语从句的地前面 就变成了This is a in which i used live 重要的是你要记住:in which =where 如果你做了大量的题目后 这就变成了规律 可当规律是使用的
这是定语从句中常常拿来考的一道题 可以说你做两套专题为定语从句的卷子 那我可以说这是绝对必考的.
好了回到原题 用刚刚告诉你的那个规律把句子变为This is a place which i used live in .这里which做名词作live in 的宾语. 那么句子结构就刚刚好了.

自家语言,可能有赘述以及不严谨的地方,但愿不妨碍你的理解.不过不知道我后来举得那个例子你懂不懂 我当初因为那个纠结老半天 如果脑子想不行的话 就那个草稿本边想边按我说一步一步地画画看 实在不能理解 那就去问老师咯
这是定语从句中重要问题 要理解透彻 不要脸皮薄噢.
希望对你有帮助,祝学习更上一层楼

非限制性定语从句中 只是不能用that和why
关系副词当然可以用

有,比如where等
例如:I climbed up the roof,where I can saw the match.等

那本书上这样说的?
that在定语从句中作为关系代词,只能表示人或者物.
在名词性从句中不做成分只起引导作用.

1.I have never forgotten the days which we spent together
其中 后面的句子中SPENT 这个动词接的词性必须是名词或代词,意指days,所以,这时候必须用which 引导,这里的which 一定是跟spent 接的DAYS 的词性一致（都是名词或者相当于名词的代词,其他的副词when,where 当然不行.
2.This is the place which we visited last year.其中 后面的句子中visited 这个动词接的词性必须是名词或代词,意指the place,所以,这时候必须用which 引导,这里的which 一定是跟visited接的the place的词性一致（都是名词或者相当于名词的代词,其他的副词when,where 当然不行.
3 The reason which you gave us was unacceptable
第三个同理.
一句话,看前句要被说明的中心词,如days,the place 等,在后面的从句中扮演的角色,如果是宾语（就是动作发生的对象）那么就要用which 引导.

前2道题不是用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空的吧?
(3)It/That/This is the first/second.. time +(that)从句.并且that从句要用完成时.
(4)(5)题不是同位语从句也不是定语从句,你上初三?不知道你们学过没,是It的强调句型.请参看http://www.***.com/en811/yf/200609/559.html
有解析,有例子,很详细.
构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who,即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此,that, who不可省略.It强调句的一个特点就是去掉It is/was和关系词that/who以后还是一个完整句子,句子成分一点不少.
三个句子的关系词都要用that.
同位语从句与定语从句的区别.
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况.如：
The news that l hove passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的.
（同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容.）
The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的.
（定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息.）
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等.如：
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇.（that在从句中不充当任何成份.）
The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊.
（that在从句中作gave的宾语.）
详细请参看(同位语从句)http://www.***.net/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=146
(6)题是the moment引导的时间状语从句.像这样能引导时间状语的名词短语还有the minute, the instant, the day, the year, each time, every time, the next time, the last time, etc.
例如：1.He went to bed the moment he finished his work.
2.I’ll tell you the whole story the next time we meet.
3.He knew that she was the woman he wanted to marry the instant he saw her.
选择题
1.跟一般语言习惯不一样,很容易选错.按道理,谓语动词应该跟主语一致,主语是I,关系代词who替代的是I,所以要用am.
2.两个句子之间没有连接词(and,but之类),后面的句子只能做前面句子的从句.
3.同上(JP鹏)
4.非限制性定语从句.先行词是前面的句子His father died last year.这是非限制性定语从句的特殊情况.
限制性定语从句的先行词通常是名词、代词或词组；而非限制性定语从句的先行词除了名词、代词外,还可以是个句子.
如:He won the first prize in the contest,which was more than we expected.他在比赛中得了一等奖,这一点真出乎我们所料.
而关系词通常用which,这可以理解为先行词是the fact,关系词用which.
详细请参看(非限制性定语从句)http://www.***.com/gz/tbjak/g1/g1xkbyy/200606/77405.html.
题句译为:他的父亲去年去世了,这使得他不能出国.

代词

在定语从句中关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等.关系副词有：when, where, why等.
在其它从句中who, whom, whose, that, which叫连接代词,when, where, why叫连接副词.

why when不用,要省略的有：upstairs,downstairs,home,there,here.我就知道这么多了

which
why that
where
that
which
which
where
that
that
that
whose
who
which
where
这句不少东西吗where?
who
where
which
that
which
when who
whom
where

当先行词在从句中是作主语、宾语的时候,应该用关系代词.其他的在作原因等状语时用关系副词.另外,关系副词=介词+关系代词 e.g.the situation in which=the situation where

一般来说,关系副词和介词不会连用.
但是,对于介词 from,可能出现一些特殊情况.如：
Beijing is the place where he comes from.
（正如可以说：Where does he come from?或 Where is he from?）
The school library is the place where he got the book from.
（这一句中from也可以不用.）
His head soon appeared out of the second-storey windows,from where he could see nothing but trees.(这一句where 也可改用which.)
（比较：His head soon appeared out of the second-storey windows.From there he could see nothing but trees.）

关系词包括关系副词和关系代词,一般来说,关系副词是不充当句子成分的,但关系代词可以充当诸如主语、宾语之类的成分.

当它们在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语时,要用that替换掉,因为where、when、why在从句中只能作状语.（精锐教育奉贤校区英语老师为您解答）

首先,找出定于从句的先行词,再看它在从句部分充当什么成分,如果是主语,宾语或表语,就用关系代词；如果是状语,就用关系副词.例如：i will never forget the day that/which we spent together.（先行词：the day,在从句中做spent的宾语——“花时间”“我们一起度过的那一天”所以用关系代词that、which）.i will never forget the day when we met at the first time.（先行词：the day,在从句中做状语,而不是met的宾语,不能说“遇见那一天”只能说在那天我们遇见,因此用关系副词when）
同理,你可以试着划分一下下面的两个句子：this is the place where i was brought up.
this is the place that/which we are looking for.

我帮你找到的,希望有用
引导定语从句的关系词分：关系代词和关系副词,用法如下：
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.
1）who,whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书.
3)which,that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.（which / that在句中作宾语）
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语)
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.
1）when,where,why
关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"
结构交替使用,例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地.
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.
What只能引导名词性从 句,用作连接代词,作从句的具体成分,且不能省略.
I think (that) you will like the stamps.
What we need is more practice.

就算一个动词既是及物又是不及物,也只是说这个动词可作及物动词或不及物动词使用,不可能在一个句子中同时及物或不及物的；
选择关系代词（或关系副词）当然要看先行词,但是要看的是先行词在从句中的成分啊,问题中的the reason在从句he explained to us 中充当的显然是宾语的成分,所以不用why,个人倾向用that更保险.
而像其它的句子,如That is the reason (why＝for which) I did it.
可以说why和that都能引导the reason的定语从句,而且that更是规定语法学派所倡导的用法,反而why是口语用法.不过我国考试中,the reason why 是常见的,而且是推荐答案,这也算是个小小的误区了.

宾语从句里面的从属连词在从句中不作成分,that（引导陈述句）、wheather/if
引导一般问句,译为‘是否’,但其后的句子语序为陈述句语序,即主前动后.关联代词在从句中作主、宾、表、定语成分,who指人,作主、宾语,谁.whom指人,作宾语,谁.what指事物作主、宾语、表语,什么.which指‘哪一个的.’作定语.whose指‘谁的.’作定语.关联副词在从句中作状语成分,when作时间状语,何时、where作地点状语,何地、why作原因状语,为何、how作方式状语,怎样.宾语从句里面的关联代词、关联副词均表疑问,但从句中关联代词、关联副词后的句子语序也为陈述句语序,即主前动后.
　　定语从句的关系代词和关系副词主要起连接先行词(名词、代词)和定从的作用并替代从句中与先行词相同的名词或代词,且在从句中充当成分.因此,定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的含义与先行词含义一致,已不再表疑问了.

不对,只作状语,不作宾语

首先你应该明白区分定语从句中得关系代词和关系副词不管是在初中还是高中都是一个难点,要想很熟练的掌握这一个能力,首先 你必须要学会分析句子成分,然后 在分析从句中的成分,注意是分析成句中得成句,像我有些学生,我让他们分析成分,他们不管三七二十一主句和从句不分,所以一定要注意,分析的是从句中的成分,最后,看从句中是否缺成分,如果S+V+O（五大基本句型）齐全的话,那就用关系副词,如果不齐全,比如说少了O成分,那么就需要用关系代词.清楚了吗?不清楚的话,

关系代词指代主语和宾语
关系副词是充当状语
具体看句子中缺少了什么成分.
要一些具体指导的可以加我1003998902.我是英语专业的

一、 关系代词和关系副词的区别
1、关系代词（that, who, whom, whose, which）所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.
例1. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who / that在从句中作主语,指人）
例2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom / that在从句中作宾语,指人）
例3. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.（whose在句中作定语,指人）
例4. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.（whose在句中作定语,指物.若指物,它还可以同of which互换）
例5. The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作carry的宾语,指物）
2、关系副词（when, where, why, that）可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用.
例6. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.　
例7. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?　
例8. His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.　
例9. He can’t find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.
二、 判断用关系代词和关系副词
方法1： 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词.及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词.请改错：
1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起.此两题错在关系词的误用上.句1和句2的where, when都应改为which..
方法2： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),根据第一点(区别),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.
例10.This museum is ___ you visited a few days age?
　 A. where　B. that　 C. on which　 D. the one
例11. This is the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
　 A. where　　B. that　 C. on which　　D. the one （答案：例1 D,例2 A）
在例10中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D.
而例11中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语.而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A.
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语).
方法3：当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing,the one, much, few, any, little等,或先行词是形容词最高级时,或在there be 句型中,或当先行行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用that, 而不用which.
例12. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.　
例13. The soldiers and their guns that we sent to the front were lost.
方法4：在引导非限定性定语从句时,和在介词后不能用that,应用which.　　　
例14．(错)　The tree, that (改为which)is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
例15．We depend on the land from which we get our food.


关系副词、“介词 + which / whom”篇
[例句呈现] 仔细观察下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法.
1. This is the village where / in which I ever lived.
2. Can you tell me the office where / in which he works?
3. I still remember the day when / on which I first came to Beijing.
4. Do you know the reason why / for which he is absent?
5. The woman with whom I talked just now comes from America.
6. This is the book which she is looking for.
[用法归纳]
1. 关系副词在定语从句中的基本用法：when作时间状语,where作地点状语,why作原因状语（先行词只有reason一词）；在定语从句中,关系副词一般可转化为“介词 + which / whom”.
2. “介词 + which / whom”中的介词,可置于从句之前,也可置于从句之后,但以置于从句之前较为正式.“介词 + which / whom”中只能用which指代物,用whom指代人.但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面.如：
The teacher from whom I learnt most was Mrs. Zhu.
The machine which I have looked after for twenty years is still working well.
[注意] 有时可以在when / where前加介词from, to等.如：
China is the birth place of kites, from where kite flying spread to the world.
望采纳↖(^ω^)↗

1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成 分,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面.
2、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词.关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等.
关系词有三个作用：1、引导定语从句;2、代替先行词；3、在定语从句中担当一个成分.
3、先行词：被定语从句修饰、限定的词或短语,称为先行词.
4、定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句.
一、x09限定性定语从句
　（一、）关系代词引导的定语从句
1. who指人在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.
2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略.
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr. Ling is just the man whom I want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略.
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
• 3. which指物在定语从句中做宾语时可省略
• (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
• (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that既可代表事物也可代表人.
关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略,而当关系代词在从句中作宾语或表语时,常常省略.
特别提示：
1．关系代词做从句的主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致.
2．如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词常放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置.
3. that 的妙用：（只能用that的情况） that用法需补充
（1）x09当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时；
（2）x09当先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等,这时的that 常省略；
（3）x09当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；
（4）x09当先行词是序数词或最高级时；
（5）x09当先行词中既有人又有物时；
（6）x09当先行词前有the only / the same / the very / the last 修饰时；
（7）x09当前句中已有which :
　5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
　　 eg. He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
　 whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替：
　　 eg. (1). The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
　　 The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
　　 (2) Do you like the book whose color is yellow?
　　 Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
（二、）关系副词
　　关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which where=in which when=during which whose=of which
1. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句
2. when引导定语从句表示时间
3. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物,当它引导的从句修饰物体时,可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样.
关系副词引导的定语从句：
　　1. when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语
　　 eg. I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
　　2. where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语
　　 eg. Shanghai is the city where I was born.
　　3. why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语
　　 eg. Please tell me the reason why you are late.
　　注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.
判断关系代词与关系副词：
　　方法一： 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词.不及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语,则要求用关系代词.例如：　
　　This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.　
　　I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.　
　　（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.　
　　（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.　
　　（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.　
　　（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.　
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起.此两题错在关系词的误用上.
　　方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?　
　 　A. where　B. that　C. on which
　　例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held?
A. where　B. that　C. on which
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,○1先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；○2 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) .
Exercises:
1. The man ____ is standing there is my father.
A. who B. whom C. which
2. Who was the man _____ spoke to you just now?
A. who B. whom C. that
3. Tom is the only person I can depend on.
A. that B. which C. who
4. It is the best film ____ she has ever seen.
A. that B. which C. when
5. Beijing is the 29th city ____ holds the Olympic Games.
A. where B. that C. which D. what
6. The football match ____ I watched yesterday is fantastic!
A. when B. that C. what D. who
7. China is a country has a long history.
A. who B. which C. where
8. The boy ___ I talked with just now is my best friend.
A. who B. which C. where
9. — The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isn’t it?
— Yes, it has built many schools __ those children can study happily.
A. where B. when C. which
10. We know Jackie Chan ___ movies are very popular with the young.
A. whose B. that C. who D. which
非限定性定语从句 ：
　　非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立.在非限定性定语从句中,不能用关系副词why和关系代词that,而用who, whom代表人,用which,whose代表事物.
限定性定语从句 & 非限定性定语从句 区别：
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
不用逗号和主句隔开 用逗号和主句隔开
是先行词不可缺少的定语,不能删除 是对先行词的补充说明,删除后意思仍完整
翻译成先行词的定语, “…的…” 通常翻译成主句的并列句
关系词做宾语时可省略 关系词不可省略
关系词可用that；可用who代替whom 关系词不用that；不用who代替whom
可以用关系副词why表原因 不能用关系副词why,需用for which 代替
定语从句可以简化成短语.
① 定语从句为被动结构,可用过去分词短语简化.
e.g. I bought a book that was written by Lu Xun. → I bought a book written by Lu Xun.
我买了一本鲁迅写的书.
② 若为主动结构,且为进行时态或从句表示经常性的动作和状态时,可用现在分词短语简化.
e.g. Tell the children who are playing there not to do that. → Tell the children playing there not to do that.
The house that stands at the corner was built in 1987. → The house standing at the corner was built in 1987.
③ 当从句中的谓语动词表示一个将要发生的动作或具有某种情态意义时,可简化为动词不定式.
e.g. We have nothing that we should fear. → We have nothing to fear. 我们没有什么事情可以害怕.
④ 当从句的谓语动词后是介词短语时,可简化为介词短语作定语.
e.g. The book that is on the table is expensive. → The book on the table is expensive.
7.关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语.如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间.) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子.)

[注意]
一、定语从句是复合句的重要组成部分.在定语从句中不管出现什么情况,主句的结构必须完整.试比较：
1. Is this farm ________ they visited the day before yesterday?
2. Is this the farm ________ they visited the day before yesterday?
A. which B. the one C. where D. what
简析：第1题中主句缺少表语,只有B项才能保持主句的完整性.故选B.第2 题的主句本身已完整,应填关系代词作定语从句中及物动词visit 的宾语.所以,正确答案是A.
二、在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词已经代替先行词在定语从句中充当了某一成分,因此,定语从句中不能再出现与关系代词或关系副词相重叠的成分.例如：
改错： Do you remember the book that I lent it to you last week?
简析：该题中的that 指代先行词book,在定语从句中充当了动词 lend 的逻辑宾语,故 it 应该删除.
三、解题时,首先要结合选项对题干进行整体感知,确定定语从句的位置；根据定语从句中所缺少的句子成分,分析先行词逻辑上在定语从句中的成分,继而选出正确的选项.例如：
Can you tell me the name of the factory ________ you visited last week?
A. what B. where C. / D. when
简析：本题定语从句的主语、谓语、时间状语已具备,而visit 是个及物动词,从语义上分析,factory 作visit 的宾语.故只能选C (引导词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略）.
四、解答"介词+关系代词 "类型的定语从句题时,关键在于分析定语从句中的谓语动词（该动词是不及物动词）习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用.这就需要同学们在平时学习时要注重某些不及物动词和介词惯用的情形,并要灵活运用.例如：
In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ___D_____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
简析:本题定语从句中的turn 与介词 to 构成固定短语"turn to sb. for help (向某人求助）".
Exercise :
1.Watch the girl and her dog ________ are crossing the bridge.
A. which B. who C. they D. that
2.Who________know him would believe him?
A. whom B .that C. which D. who
3.Which of the two cows_____ you keep produces more milk?
A. that B. which C. whom D. what
4.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone___ family was poor.
A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose
5.A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. which B. his C. whose D. of whose
6.The building ____ windows are bright at night is our school library.
A. that B. which C. whose D. of whose
7.I have heard from my father,______ is in America .
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
8.There is a mountain ___ the top is always covered with snow.
A. of that B. of which C. its D. that
9.I will hire the man ____ they say is a good English speaker.
A.who B. that C which D. whom
10.On the way I saw a student ____ I thought was your brother.
A.whom B. who C. that D. he
11.I can still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A.what B. which C. that D. where
12.I know the place ____ we can have a quiet talk.
A.which B. where C. wherever D. it
13.Nature,_____ gives supplies of food to every creature, is great.
A. who B. that C. whose D.it
14.Would you please put the box ___ it belongs
A.to whom B. to which C into which D. where
15.You may take ____ book you like.
A.which B. only C. whichever D.what
16.China is the birth place of kites,-___ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
A.from that B.from here C. from there D.from which
17.He has to work on Sundays,____ he does not like.
A. and which B.which C. and when D.when
18. Is this museum ___ some German friends visited the day before yesterday.
A.Which B.that C.where D.the one
19.John was the only one __ I had visited.
A.which B. that C.whom D.who
20The doctor will speak to ___ comes in first
A.whoever B.whomever C.whichever D.whatever
21.Choose ___ you think is good .
s:A.Which B.that C.whom D.what
22.I gave him a warning,____ he turned a deaf ear.
A. of which B. for which C.to that D. to which
23.This dictionary, the few pages_____ are missing,is of fno use.
A.among which B.of which C.in which D.to which
24.Give this prize to _____ composition is thought excellent.
A.whoever B. whosever C. whomever D.whatever
25.This is a very boy____ parents were killed in the war.
A.who B. that C. whose D whom
26.She is one of the few girls who______ passed the examination.
A.was B. were C. has D. have
27.The teacher _______ is at that desk over there.
A.you should talk to B. you are talked to
C. whom you are talking D. whom you are talked to
28.In the dark street, there was not a single person_____she could turn for help.
A.that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
29.Who______ has common sense can believe such a superstition(
A.who B. which C. but D. that
30That is the town ______ he was born.
A.which B. where C. when D. why..
31That is the town ______ he was born.
A.which B. where C. when D. why

本句中where从句是地点状语从句，而不是定语从句。a mark是make的宾语，不是定语从句的先行词。句意：读这本书时，你最好在有疑问的地方做记号。

先行词为表示地点的名词且在定语从句中作状语时用where,先行词为表示时间的名词且在定语从句中作状语时用when,先行词为reason且在定语从句中作状语时用why.关系副词的使用场合有两种：
1.定语从句中,主,谓,宾成分完整时.
He will remember the day when he joined the Party.
2.定语从句中,谓语动词为不及物动词时.
He will remember the factory where he worked ten years ago.
This is the reason why he was late for school.
如果定语从句中,谓语动词为及物动词时,它后面又没有宾语时,就要用关系代词.
He will remember the day which he spent togeher with us.
He will remember the factory which he visited last year.
This is the reason which he gave/explained for his being late for
school.
in which 引导定语从句,作状语.
He will remember the factory in which/where he worked ten years ago.
I don't like the way in which he spoke to his father.

你可以使用下面的方法区分：
方法一：用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词.及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词.例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判断改错（注：先显示题,再显示答案,横线；用不同的颜色表示出.）
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where,when联系在一起.此两题错在关系词的误用上.
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.
例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A.where B.that C.on which D.the one
例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A.where B.that C.on which D.the one
答案：例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句：This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句：This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where,that,on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D.
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语.而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A.
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who,whom,that,which,whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) .