【禅宗故事】放下什么？佛陀住世时，有一位名叫黑指的婆罗门来到佛前，运用神通，两手拿了两个花瓶，前来献佛。 佛对黑指婆罗门

Passage 1 is from the introduction to a Zen Buddhist (禅宗的佛教僧侣) manual on the art of “mindfulness”, the practice of paying close attention to the present moment. Passage 2 is from an essay by a United States author .
Passage 1
Every morning, when we wake up, we have 24 brand-new hours to live. What a precious gift! We have the capacity to live in a way that these 24 hours will bring peace, joy, and happiness to ourselves and to others.
Peace is right here and now, in ourselves and in everything we do and see. The question is whether or not we are in touch with it. We don’t have to travel far away to enjoy the blue sky. We don’t have to leave our city or even our neighborhood to enjoy the eyes of a beautiful child. Even the air we breathe can be a source of joy.
We can smile, breathe, walk, and eat our meals in a way that allows us to be in touch with the abundance of happiness that is available. We are very good at preparing how to live, but not very good at living. We know how to sacrifice ten years for a diploma, and we are willing to work very hard to get a job, a car, a house, and so on . But we have difficulty remembering that we are alive in the present moment, the only moment there is for us to be alive. Every breath we take, every step we make, can be filled with joy, peace, and serenity. We need only to be awake, alive in the present moment.
Passage 2
The argument of both the hedonist ( 享乐主义者) and the guru ( 印度教的宗师) is that we were but to open ourselves to the richness of the moment, to concentrate on the feast before us , we would be filled with bliss. I have lived in the present from time to time and can tell you that it is much overrated. Occasionally, as a holiday from stroking one’s memories or brooding (担忧) about future worries, I grant you, it can be a nice change of pace. But to “be here now,” hour after hour, would never work. I don’t even approve of stories written in the present tense. Ads for poets who never use a past participate, they deserve the eternity they are striving for.
Besides, the present has a way of intruding whether you like it or not. Why should I go out of my way to meet it? Let it splash on me from time to time, like a car going through a puddle, and I, on the sidewalk of my solitude (孤独), will salute it grimly like any other modern inconvenience.
If I attend a concert, obviously not to listen to the music but to find a brief breathing space in which to meditate on the past and future. I realize that there may be moments when the music invades my ears and I am forced to pay attention to it, note for note. I believe I take such intrusions gracefully. The present is not always an unwelcome guest , so long as it doesn’t stay too long and cut into my remembering or brooding time.
小题1:The author of Passage 1 would most likely view the author of Passage 2 as _______.

A．failing to respect the feelings of other people

B．squandering (浪费) a precious opportunity on a daily basis

C．advocating an action without considering the consequences

D．attaching too much importance to the views of others

小题2:The author of Passage 1 would most likely respond to the “argument” (line 1 Passage 2) with_______.

A．absolute neutrality	B．partial acceptance
C．complete agreement	D．surprised disbelief

小题3:In Passage 1 line 11, the list (“a job…house”) presents things that most people ________.

A．assume they will eventually obtain

B．eventually realize are overrated

C．are unwilling to make sacrifices for

D．see as worth much effort to acquire

小题4:In Passage 2 lines 8—10, the “present” is characterized as _________.

A．an unavoidable imposition (强加)

B．an unsolvable puzzle

C．a dangerous threat

D．a burdensome obligation

小题5:Which of the following phrases from Passage 2would the author of Passage 1 most likely choose as a title for Passage 1?

A．“the hedonist and the guru” (line 1)

B．“a brief breathing space” (line 11)

C．“the feast before us” (line 2)

D．“an unwelcome guest” (line 14)

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阅读下面文章，回答下列小题。
茶与禅
禅宗与茶文化有着极为密切的关联，素有“茶禅一味”的说法，也就是说，禅味与茶味是同一种兴味。苏轼有茶联：“茶笋尽禅味，松杉真法音”。明代陆容有诗：“江南风致说僧家，石上清泉竹里荼。法藏名僧知更好，香烟茶韵满袈裟。”可见禅与茶文化的影响。
茶禅文化兴起于唐代。饮茶之风的盛行同禅宗的广泛传播有着密切的关系。
在寺院生活中，茶占据着重要的地位。例如，供奉祖师时，有“奠茶”，挂单时有“戒腊茶”，平日有“普茶”。由此可见，茶是寺院仪式中不可缺少的组成部分。南宗禅有专门的荼的仪式，僧众集合在菩提达摩像前饮茶，15世纪便发展为日本的茶道。
茶文化在兴起之初便与禅文化紧密结合，原因大致有两个。第一是茶的提神、益思的功用，也就是封演书中所说的“学禅务不寐，又不餐食，皆许其饮茶”。陆羽在《茶经》中也提到：“荡昏寐，饮之以茶。”传说达摩少林面壁，揭眼皮堕地而成茶树，这从一个侧面说明了茶与禅的联系。茶对于“坐禅五调”(调食、调睡眠、调身、调心、调息)都有一定的帮助。而茶与禅在特性上的相通之处，则是茶禅文化长期融和发展的重要原因。
“苦”是佛教四谛之一，而茶味苦，这是茶与禅相当表面的关联。唐代之前，寺院煎茶时，多配以果料、香料等混合制作成“茶苏”饮用，而唐代禅宗大兴之后，就不再配以佐料，意在品味茶独特的味。
禅宗强调直指人心，见性成佛。南宗禅更是强调顿悟。正是出于对本性直接交流的强调，禅宗中出现了“圆相”等比文字更为直接的方法。因为如此，禅宗偏向于写意简约的水墨画，而不是写实繁琐的工笔画。而禅与茶的交融，也是由于同样的原因。品茶时，并没有多余的语言，人们只是专注于体会茶的味外之味，这与禅的精神是相一致的。饮茶时的感官体味，既与人的感觉有着最直接的接触，同时又能引发感觉之外的领悟。诗僧皎然的《饮茶歌诮崔石使君》中有：“三饮便得道，何须苦心破烦恼。”
静默率真是禅的精神之一。而茶不同于酒的浓烈，具有单纯质朴的性质，并可解昏聩。质朴清幽的性质，或许是荼禅融合的最重要因素。日本的茶道大师千利休提倡茶道中“和、敬、清、寂”四则，正同禅的隐逸、无我、静虑等相印。禅宗的自省，也可在品茶的过程中进行。
摒弃了“我执”、“法执”、“空执”的禅者有着安详的心态。茶性清香，饮茶时，茶者能够获得平和的感受。安详静谧的心态有助于参禅和自省。茶室中渗透着禅宗这样的精神。门廊通向茶室的庭院甬道意味着冥想的第一阶段，即通向自我启示的道路，同时也让进入者感受到平和的风致。
茶与禅共有的素朴、见性、安详、修身的气氛，是二者交融发展的源泉。
小题1:文中的哪些内容可以作为禅宗与茶文化有着极为密切的关联的证据?请简要回答。(6分)
小题2:文中多处引用诗文，请举一个例子，并分析其作用。(6分)
小题3:请简要概括茶与禅在特性上的相通之处。(6分)

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