学过现代语言学的来回答,现代语言学：104页上：X entails YIf X entails Y,the meanin

学过现代语言学或词汇学的来~
affix 分成 inflection 和 derivation
derivation 分为 prefix 和 suffix
请问： inflectional affix 算不算 suffix?

简述现代语言学的两个概念：表层结构－深层结构；文本－文脉
如题,

求解英语现代语言学几道问题
11、 The development of linguistic skills involves the acquisition of
__________ rules rather than the mere memorization of words and sentences.（分数：2分）
A.morphological
B.grammatical
C.linguistic
D.syntactic
12、 There is a gradation of __________ ranging along a continuum
between two extremes of very formal and very informal. （分数：2分）
A.dialect
B.register
C.variation
D.slang
13、 In their first language acquisition,children developed into the
__________stage after the two word stage.（分数：2分）
A.third
B.fourth
C.fifth
D.multiword
14、 A __________ is a variety of language that serves as a medium of
communication among groups of people for diverse linguistic backgrounds. （分数：2分）
A.lingua franca
B.pidgin
C.creole
D.national language
15、 Linguistic __________ is the brain's neurological specialization
for language.（分数：2分）
A.determinism
B.relativism
C.competence
D.lateralization
16、 Where the target language functions as a foreign language as
learned in such a limited environment as in school,the learner is likely to
benefit from an __________motivation.（分数：2分）
A.instrumental
B.functional
C.social
D.integrative
17、 Proponents of __________ learning theory suggested that a child's
verbal behaviour was conditioned through association between a stimulus and
the following response.（分数：2分）
A.biological
B.naturalist
C.behaviorist
D.nativist
18、 Among the early views on language and thought,those who insists
that languages are but signs of psychological experiences are called
__________.（分数：2分）
A.empiricists
B.mentalists
C.behaviorists
D.structuralists
19、 The __________ of the learner's interlanguage is believed to be a
major source of incorrect forms resistant to further instruction.（分数：2分）
A.acculturation
B.fossilization
C.motivation
D.correction
20、 As regards the relationship between language and thought,those
who hold that thinking and speaking are the same activity are said to be
__________.（分数：2分）
A.empiricists
B.behaviorists
C.mentalists
D.structuralists

求解几道英语现代语言学的问题
1、 In the phrase structure rule "S→NP VP",the arrow can be read as __________ （分数：2分）
A.is equal to
B.consists of
C.has
D.generates
2、 "I bought some roses" __________ "I bought some
flowers".（分数：2分）
A.entails
B.presupposes
C.is inconsistent with
D.is synonymous with
3、 Y's utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the
maxim of __________.
X:Who was that you were with last night?
Y:Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?
（分数：2分）
A.quality
B.quantity
C.relation
D.manner
4、 A word with several meanings is called __word.（分数：2分）
A.a polysemous
B.a synonymous
C.an abnormal
D.a multiple
5、 The function of the sentence “A nice day,isn't it?”is __ （分数：2分）
A.informative
B..phatic
C.directive
D.performative
6、 “I like this shirt very much.” has __________ arguments （分数：2分）
A.one
B.two
C.three
D.four
7、 If a sentence is regarded as what people actually utter in the
course of communication,it becomes __________.（分数：2分）
A.a sentence
B.an act
C.a unit
D.an utterance
8、 The meaning of a word or phrase depends largely on the
communicative__________.（分数：2分）
A.content
B.context
C.response
D.answer
9、 A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that
introduces the embedded clause.
（分数：2分）
A.coordinator
B.paricle
C.preposition
D.subordinator
10、 The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the
way
speakers interpret sentences is called ___.（分数：2分）
A.semantics
B.pragmatics
C.syntax
D.sociolinguitics

英语翻译
翻译美学就是运用美学和现代语言学的基本原理,来研究和探讨语际转换中的美学问题,帮助译者了解翻译活动的一般规律,提高语际转换能力和对译文的审美鉴别能力.
PS；美学用Aesthetics翻译.
知道多少就翻译多少吧.

求解几道英语现代语言学的问题
11、 All words contain a _______ （分数：2分）
A.root
B.bound morpheme
C.prefix
D.suffix
12、 Linguistics is a science in that it scientifically studies the
rules,systems and principles of _________ languages.
（分数：2分）
A.animal
B.artificial
C.manmade
D.human
13、 Speech sounds are produced with a(n) ___________ as their sources
of energy （分数：2分）
A.obstruction
B.blockage
C.airstream
D.articulation
14、 Voicing,which plays an important part in distinguishing
obstruents in English,is one of the __________ features in English.
（分数：2分）
A.componential
B.distinguishing
C.consonantal
D.distinctive
15、 English consonants can be classified into stops.fricatives,
nasals,etc.,in terms of _____.
（分数：2分）
A.manner of articulation
B.openness of mouth
C.place of articulation
D.voicing
16、 The famous quotation from Shakespeare's play “Romeo and Juliet”
‘A rose by any other name would smell as sweet’ well illustrates _______.（分数：2分）
A.the conventional nature of language
B.the creative nature of language
C.the universality of language
D.the big difference between human language and animal communication
17、Of the following sound combinations,only _______ is permissible
according to the sequential rules in English.（分数：2分）
A.kibl
B.bkil
C.ilkb
D.ilbk
18、 __________ refers to the property that language has two levels of
structures.
（分数：2分）
A.Conventionality
B.Creativity
C.Displacement
D.Duality
19、 The fact that different languages have different words for the
same object is good proof that human language is ______.（分数：2分）
A.arbitrary
B.non-arbitrary
C.logical
D.non-productive
20、 The function of language that it can be used to talk about itself
is referred to as the _________ function.
（分数：2分）
A.emotive
B.metalingual
C.performative
D.recreational

求解这几道英语现代语言学的问题1、 Standardization known as ______ is necessary in order to facilit