When Was the 4th of July First Celebrated?翻译下,

In the U.S. Mother’s Day is a holiday celebrated on second Sunday in May. It is a day when children honor their mothers with cards, gifts and flowers. First observance in Philadelphia in 1907,it is based on suggestions by Julia Ward Howe in 1872 and by Anna Jarvis in 1907.
Although it wasn’t celebrated in the U.S. until 1907,there were days honoring mothers even in the days of ancient Greece. In those days, however, it was Rhea, the Mother of the gods that was given honor. Later,in the 1600’s,in England there was an annual celebration called “Mothering Sunday.” It was celebrated during June, on the fourth Sunday ,the servants, who generally lived with their employers, were encouraged to return home and honor their mothers. It was traditional for them to bring a special cake along to celebrate the occasion.
In the U.S., in 1907 Ana Jarvis, from Philadelphia, began a campaign to establish a national Mother’s Day. Jarvis persuaded her mother’s church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mother’s Day on the second anniversary of her mother’s death, the 2ed Sunday of May. The next day Mother’s Day was also celebrated in Philadelphia, Jarvis and others began a letter-writing campaign to ministers, businessmen, and politicians asking to establish a national Mother’s Day. They were successful. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914,made the official announcement recognizing Mother’s Day as a national celebration that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May.
Many other countries of the world celebrate their own Mother’s Day at different times throughout the year. Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium celebrate Mother’s Day on the second Sunday in May, as in the U.S.
小题1:.Mother’s Day in the U.S. was first celebrated .

A．in 1872

B．in 1907

C．in the 1600’s

D．in 1914

小题2:The underlined word “observance” in the first paragraph probably means “ ”.

A．celebration

B．principle

C．holiday

D．campaign

小题3:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．All the mothers were given honor in the days of ancient Greece.

B．Only the servants’ mothers were given honor on Mothering Sunday in England.

C．President Woodrow Wilson announced Mother’s Day as a national celebration.

D．Ana Javis’s mother probably died on the 2nd Sunday of May in 1907.

小题4:What could be the best title for this passage?

A．Mother’s Day of the U.S	B．Mother’s Day of the world
C．Ana Jarvis and Mother’s Day	D．Styles of Mother’s Day

Nowroz: Iranian New Year or Nowroz is celebrated on the first day of spring sometime in March. People sing, dance and parade as in a carnival through the streets with drums and trumpets to spread the news of the coming new year.
Rosh Hashanah: The Jewish New Year is called “Rosh Hashanah”, and is celebrated in the month of September. It is a holy (神圣的) time when people think of the things they have done wrong in the past, and promise to do better in the future. Special prayers are held, and an instrument called a Shofar is played. Children are given new clothes, and New Year loaves are baked and fruits are served to remind people of harvest time.
Shogatsu: In Japan, the New Year (Shogatsu) celebrations are from January 1 to January 3 and most Japanese don’t work during these days. In Japan, the New Year is a fresh start. This means that in December all duties should be completed. Parties are held to forget the worries and troubles of the old year. Homes and cars are decorated. On New Year’s Eve, most people spend their time with their families.
Bahai New Year: The Bahai people have their own calendar consisting of nineteen months of nineteen days plus a couple of extra days between the eighteenth and nineteenth months. They have, however, adopted the Iranian custom of beginning the New Year in the spring equinox (春分). The New Year celebrations are held on the evening of March 20th.
小题1:During the Jewish New Year, .

A．people don’t mention things they have done wrong

B．children often wear new clothes

C．loaves and fruits are often not allowed to be served

D．Shofar is their favourite food

小题2:Which of the following festivals are celebrated in the same month?

A．Nowroz and Shogatsu.

B．Rosh Hashanah and Shogatsu.

C．Nowroz and Rosh Hashanah.

D．Nowroz and the Bahai New Year.

小题3:What can we learn from the text?
A. Japanese families often stay together to celebrate Shogatsu.
B. The Bahai people usually hold a carnival to celebrate the New Year.
C. The Jewish harvest fruits to celebrate Rosh Hashanah.

World Health Day is celebrated on 7 April to mark the anniversary of the founding of WHO in 1948. Each year a theme is selected for World Health Day that highlights a priority area of public health concern in the world.
The theme for 2013 is high blood pressure. High blood pressure increases the risk of heart attacks, strokes(中风). If left uncontrolled, high blood pressure can also cause blindness, irregularities of the heartbeat and heart failure. The risk of developing these complications is higher in the presence of other risk factors such as diabetes(糖尿病). One in three adults worldwide has high blood pressure and this increases with age, from 1 in 10 people in their 20s and 30s to 5 in 10 people in their 50s. High blood pressure is most common in some low-income countries in Africa, with over 40% of adults in many African countries thought to be affected.
However, high blood pressure is both preventable and treatable. In some developed countries, prevention and treatment of it has brought about a reduction in deaths from heart disease. The risk of developing high blood pressure can be reduced by: reducing salt intake; eating a balanced diet; avoiding harmful use of alcohol; taking regular physical activity; keeping a healthy body weight; and avoiding tobacco use.
The final and most important goal of World Health Day 2013 is to reduce heart attacks and strokes, which includes as follows:
1.to raise awareness of the causes and consequences of high blood pressure;
2.to provide information on how to prevent high blood pressure
3.to encourage adults to check their blood pressure and to follow the advice of health-care professionals.
小题1:High blood pressure can cause medical problems like_____.

A．heart diseases, strokes and blindness	B．strokes, heart failure and diabetes
C．heart attacks, blindness and diabetes	D．heart troubles,strokes and cancers

小题2:Who are most likely to be affected by high blood pressure?

A．Those who are in their 20s	B．Those who are in their 30s
C．Those who are in their 40s	D．Those who are in their 50s

小题3:Which of the following can NOT reduce the risk of developing high blood pressure?

A．Less salt intake

B．Putting on weight

C．Regular exercise

D．No smoking

小题4:The text is mainly about______.

A．the theme for World Health Day 2013	B．the causes of high blood pressure
C．the treatment of heart attacks and strokes	D．how to reduce the risk of high blood pressure

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Nowroz: Iranian New Year or Nowroz is celebrated on the first day of spring sometime in March. Nowroz ceremonies are symbolic representations of good and evil. People sing, dance and parade as in a carnival through the streets with drums and trumpets to spread the news of the coming new year.
Rosh Hashanah: The Jewish New Year is called “Rosh Hashanah”, and is celebrated in the month of September. It is a holy time when people think of the things they have done wrong in the past, and promise to do better in the future. Special prayers are held, and an instrument called a Shofar is played. Children are given new clothes, and New Year loaves are baked and fruits are consumed to remind people of harvest time.
Shogatsu: In Japan, the New Year (Shogatsu) celebrations are from January 1 to January 3 and most Japanese don’t work during these days. In Japan, years are traditionally seen as completely separate from each other, and the New Year is a fresh start. This means that in December all duties should be completed. Parties are held to forget the worries and troubles of the old year. Homes and cars are decorated. On New Year’s Eve, most people spend their time with their families.
Bahai New Year: The Bahai people have their own calendar consisting of nineteen months of nineteen days plus a couple of extra days between the eighteenth and nineteenth months. They have, however, adopted the Iranian custom of beginning the New Year in the spring equinox (春分). The day begins at sunset rather than midnight, and the New Year celebrations are held on the evening of March 20th.
小题1:During the Jewish New Year, .

A．people don’t mention things they have done wrong

B．children often wear new clothes

C．loaves and fruits are often forbidden to be served

D．Shofar is their favourite food

小题2: Which of the following festivals are celebrated in the same month?

A．Nowroz and Shogatsu.	B．Rosh Hashanah and Shogatsu.
C．Nowroz and Rosh Hashanah.	D．Nowroz and the Bahai New Year.

小题3: What can we learn from the text?

A．Japanese families often stay together to celebrate Shogatsu.

B．The Bahai people usually hold a carnival to celebrate the New Year.

C．The Jewish harvest fruits to celebrate Rosh Hashanah.

D．The Iranians often hold family parties to celebrate Nowroz.

The Wife-carrying World Championship has been celebrated in a small town in central Finland since 1992. In 1992, the people of the town decided to restart some long-forgotten traditions. Back in the late 1800s, there was a robber called Rosvo-Ronkainen in that area. He was said to only accept men as members of his gang who proved their worth in challenges. At that time, it was also a common practice to steal women from neighboring villages.
This event is becoming increasingly popular. A large number of competitors, people, and journalists from Finland to Canada attend the Wife-carrying World Championship every year.
The event is famous for its warm and humorous atmosphere. The Wife-carrying World Championship is held on a 253.3 meters long official track. The track has two dry obstacles (障碍物）and a water obstacle, about a meter deep.
There are a few basic rules and the winner is the couple who complete the course in the shortest time. The wife to be carried may be your own, or your neighbor’s. The minimum weight of the wife to be carried is 49 kg. If she is less than 49kg, the wife will be given a heavy bag to carry. Each time a competitor drops his wife, that couple will be fined 15 seconds.
Alongside with the Wife-carrying World Championship, there is also a team competition. The distance is the same but three men in the team carry the wife in turns. At the exchange point the carrier has to drink official “wife-carrying drink”. Then he may continue the race. A special prize is awarded to the team with the best costumes.
While the Wife-carrying World Championship is being held, there are bands playing music, a wife-carrying dance and other forms of entertainment.
小题1: The Wife-carrying World Championship is famous because ________.

A．it is held on a 253.3 meters long official track

B．many competitors take part in it

C．it has a pleasant atmosphere

D．the winner will be awarded a lot of money

小题2:If a husband drops his wife 3 times in the competition, he will be fined ________.

A．15 seconds

B．30 seconds

C．45 seconds

D．60 seconds

小题3:Compared with the Wife-carrying World Championship, the team competition ________.

A．is more exciting	B．has a special prize
C．has a different track	D．has three teams altogether

小题4:The passage is written mainly to ________.

A．warn people that the competition is dangerous.

B．attract more visitors to the Wife-carrying World Championship.

C．introduce how the Wife-carrying World Championship has become popular.

D．tell us something about the Wife-carrying World Championship.

_______ is celebrated on September 10th.

A．National Day	B．Teachers’ Day
C．Dragon Boat Festival	D．Spring Festival

The Internet celebrated its birthday on September 2nd, by which time 40 years _______ since the first successful transfer of data between two computers.

A．has passed

B．had passed

C．passed

D．have passed

The Wife-carrying World Championship has been celebrated in a small town in central Finland since 1992. in 1992, the people of the town decided that it was time to restart some long-forgotten traditions. Back in the late 1800s, there was a robber called Rosvo-Ronkainen in that area. He was said to only accept men as members of his gang who proved their worth in challenges. At that time, it was also a common practice to steal women from neighboring villages.
The Wife-carrying World Championship is becoming increasingly popular. A large number of competitors, people, and journalists from Finland to Canada attend the Wife-carrying World championship every year.
The event is well-known for its warm and humorous atmosphere. The Wife-carrying World Championship is held on a 253.5 meters long official track. The track has two dry obstacles and a water obstacle, about a meter deep.
There are a few basic rules and the winning team is the couple who complete the course in the shortest time. The wife to be carried may be your own, or your neighbor’s. the minimum weight of the wife to be carried is 49kg. if she is less than 49kg, the wife will be given a heavy bag to carry. Each time a competitor drops his wife, that couple will be fined 15 seconds.
Along with the Wife-carrying World Championship, there is also a team competition. The distance is the same but three men in the team carry the wife in turns. At the exchange point the carrier has to drink the official “wife-carrying drink” before continuing the race. A special prize is awarded to the team with the best costumes.
Alongside with the Wife-carrying World Championship, there are bands playing music, a wife-carrying dance and other forms of entertainment.
小题1:According to the passage, the Wife-carrying World championship ___________.

A．was first celebrated in 1992.

B．was first held by Rosvo-Ronkainen

C．is celebrated in Finland or Canada every year

D．will award “wife-carrying drinks” to the winners

小题2: The Wife-carrying World championship is famous because ___________.

A．it is held on a 253.5 meters long track

B．many competitors take part in it

C．it has a pleasant atmosphere

D．the winner will be awarded a lot of money

小题3: If a husband drops his wife three time in the competition, he will be fined ________.

A．15 seconds

B．35 seconds

C．45 seconds

D．60 seconds

小题4: compared with the Wife-carrying World championship, the team competition _______.

A．is more exciting	B．has a special prize
C．has a different track	D．has three teams altogether

小题5:The passage is written mainly to ____________.

A．warn people that the competition is dangerous

B．attract more visitors to the Wife-carrying World championship

C．introduce how the Wife-carrying World championship has become popular

D．tell us something about the Wife-carrying World championship

用以下这些单词(celebrated, show , jokes ,broke ,honest, attach, form , humorous , performances ,based)填空 ，使文章合理通顺，每空一词。
Have you ever wanted to be part of a band as a famous singer or musician? To be 小题1: , a lot of people 小题2: great importance to becoming rich and famous. Most musicians often meet and 小题3: a band because they like to write and play their own music. They may give 小题4: in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash. However, there was one band that started in a different way. It was called the Monkees and began as a TV 小题5: ___ . The musicians were to play 小题6: on each other as well as play music, most of which was 小题7: loosely on “The Beatles”. And the Monkees’ performances were 小题8: enough to be copied by other groups. After a year or so, they started to play and sing their own songs like a real band. Though the band 小题9: up in about 1970, they reunited in the mid-1980s. They produced a new record in 1996, with which they 小题10: their former time as a real band.

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第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分）
Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, the aged, and children who have lost their parents, but also friends, workmates, relatives and neighbors whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.
Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected, he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they were remembered. He did this by giving them small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbors, he gave those people small gifts on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to take part in the celebration, which came to be called “Sweetest Day”. Over time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift. Soon the idea spread to other cities all over the USA.
Sweetest Day is not based on any single group’s religious beliefs or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning. Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a positive （积极的） way.
56. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Sweetest Day is a day to make others happy.
B. Sweetest Day is just an occasion to care about disabled people.
C. Sweetest Day is an occasion for lovers to express love.
D. Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Sunday in October.
57. Which of the following has little relationship to Sweetest Day?
A. Visiting sick people of the hospital.
B. Visiting children who have lost the ir parents.
C. Giving friends small gifts.
D. Giving flowers to sweethearts.
58. What do most people usually do to show their care to others according to the passage?
A. They give money. B. They give gifts.
C. They send regards. D. They offer help.
59. The underlined word “neglected” in the second paragraph means “______”.
A. remembered B. hated
C. paid little or no attention toD. disappointed