He try in vain to attain to fame 句中,in vain相当于副词?、

attain 获得; 达到; 完成; 实现;到达
是指：经过不懈的努力或一段时间后达到 或
经过针对性的努力,过程或进取而成功
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obtain 获得,得到; 买到
是指：经过计划或努力成功地获得

在那些可以用reach,但是没有涉及成功的具体元素的句子,你最好使用attain.

obtain
vt.获得,得到
attain
[E5tein]
1,vt.达到,获得
2,v.达到

2达到（某年龄、水平、状况)

how to be successful in our life? I think if you have a goal, never give up and achieve it!
Nothing is difficult if you put your heart on it. Nothing is easy if you don’t try your best.
We often hear people say, “Never give up.” This can be encouraging words and words of determination. A person who believes in them will keep trying to reach his goal no matter how many times he fails. In my opinion, the quality of determination to succeed is an important one to have. Therefore, I believe that we should never give up.
One reason is that if we give up too easily, we will rarely achieve anything. It is not unusual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new, so we should not feel discouraged and should try again. Besides, if we always give up when we fail, we will not be able to develop new skills and grow as people. Another reason we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make a new effort. If we do not try again, the lesson we have learned is wasted. Finally, we should never give up because as we work to reach our goals, we develop confidence, and this confidence can help us succeed in other areas of our lives.
Probably the greatest example of persistence is Abraham Lincoln. Born into poverty, Lincoln was faced with defeat throughout his life. He lost eight elections, twice failed in business and suffered a nervous breakdown.
He could have quit many times - but he didn't and because he didn't quit, he became one of the greatest presidents in the history of our country.
Lincoln was a champion and he never gave up.
In short, it is important that we don’t give up when working for our goals. Whether we succeed in the end or not, we will learn something, and what we learn will help us to become better, more confident people. Furthermore, if we give up, we have no chance of attaining our goals, but if we keep trying, there is always a chance that we will succee

attain one's ideal 达到理想,通过努力达到某种目标
gain the battle 赢得战争,常指得到某种利益
obtain（gain） a scholarship, obtain a loan ,不偏向于获得利益还是啥东西,范围更广

acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等
attain 正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地
gain 指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西
obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西
win 宾语往往是奖金,金牌,物品等
receive 收到,意思是客观收到某物,但不强调接受!
get 得到,普通用语

obtain和attain 都含有"获得,达到"之意
obtain包含着“努力”、“希望”或“决意”去获得某物的意思
指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间得到所需要的东西
eg：The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts.
那位新闻记者立即着手获取这些重要的资料.
Ordinary people would then be able to use them to obtain valuable information.
那时平常的人便能运用它们去获取宝贵的信息.
attain 正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地
obtain(vi.)
if a situation,system,or rule obtains,it continues to exist
例：These conditions no longer obtain.
attain(vi.)
to come or arrive by motion,growth or efforts
通常和to连用,
attain to 到达,达到

achieve　　vt.取得；获得；实现；成功　　vi.达到预期的目的,实现预期的结果,如愿以偿 achieve 着重在达到一定目的的过程中所包含的技能,耐心和努力; &nbsp...

obtain 指的是得到成功 得到某物 得到具体的东西
There are lots of rules to follow,forms to fill out,licenses to obtain,job descriptions to be approved
attain呢 多是指 到达某种境界 水平 程度等
We must try hard to attain this standard.

纠正一下,不是achive而是achieve
achieve用于目的目标如purpose goal aim之前
aquire 获取,如情报、材料
attain 达到目的,或者作为不及物attain to fame(声誉)
gain 得到某物
reach 到达某地

attain 正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地
achieve 强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标
acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等
给你几道题,用在句子中区分他们比较含义：
1.After so many years of hard work,he finally ___ success.（achieved）
2.She has ___ some very unpleasant habits recently0.（acquired）
3.In typhoon,winds ___ a speed greater than 120 km per hour.（attain）
希望你能区别清楚了.^^

有 vt.获得; 达到; 完成; 实现 到达 attain one's goal 达到目的 attain the age of (年龄)有...岁了 attain the top of a mountain 到达山顶

先maintain ,retain和sustain 有各自不同的意思,但其中都有“保持、维持”的意思.这三个词的区别要从各个词的原始（original）意思上去体会细微的意思差别.
【maintain】 --keep sth.in existence at the same level,standard.维持（已有的水平、标准）如：
I hope you will maintain your recent improvement.我希望你能保持最近取得的进步.
Let's maintain peace in the world.让我们来维持世界和平.
maintain law and order维持治安
maintain prices保持价格稳定
【retain】--keep sth.in one's possession or use.保留 如：
This village still retains its old world character.这个村庄仍然保持着古色古乡特色.
We retained the original fireplace when we decorated the room.我们装修那个房间时,原来的壁炉保留不动.
This cloth retains its color.这布不褪色
He is 90 but still retains (the use of)all his faculties.他年已九旬,但各种官能仍未衰退.
【sustain】 --keep sb./sth.alive or in existence（支持、维持生命）,to keep up the strength,spirits or determination of （维持体力/精神/决心）如：
The supplies of food were scarcely enough to sustain life.食品的供应仅够勉强维持生命.
A light meal won't sustain us through the day.一顿小食维持不了我们一天的精力.
Hopes alone sustained him in his misery.他在痛苦之中只有希望鼓励着他.
而【attain】是获得,得到的意思,和以上三个截然不同.
如：We may attain knowledge by different kinds of ways.我们可以从不同的途径学习知识.

直译：爱情是一项艰巨工程,不易获得.
意译：真爱不易得,需你用一生来守候.