IEEE Transactions on image processing翻译成中文是什么意思?

英语翻译
Record the preceding transactions in journal of Wellness Health Club.Key transactions by date and include an explanation for each entry,as illustrated in chapter and Exhibit 2-4
这是一道会计题的问题

一道英语选择题（金融方面的）
In a barter economy,transactions costs are high because people have to satisfy a "double ____of wants".
A.encounter B.concord C.coincidence D.incidence
C

The volume of property transactions in District Muar had shown increasing from year 2005 to 2007.In year 2007,the volume of transaction recorded in District Muar was 6692 which shows an increase of 11.05% compared to 2006.However,the volume of residential properties transaction increased by 30.61% to 2082 as compared to 1570 in 2006.
District Muar is the second highest number of overhang residential properties in State Johor after District Johor Bahru.The number of overhang residential properties in District Muar had shows increasing from year 2005 to 2007.In Q4 2007,the number of overhang residential properties in District Muar was 1320 which shows an increase of 10% from the previous quarter.This situation appears because the increased volume of supply in District Muar was higher than increased demand.

INTERNATIONAL TAX ISSUES FOR CYBERSPACE TRANSACTIONS
谁知道这个题目的正确意思吗

1. Prepare journal entries to record the August transactions.
Part A
Crusaders Furniture Ltd uses a job order costing system. The August cost data were as follows:
Raw Materials purchased on credit $411,840
Direct Labour costs$426,240
Raw Materials issued to production$383,050
Actual factory overhead costs (includes
Depreciation of $31,680)$319,680
Cost of Goods Manufactured$1,097,300
Sales (all credit)$1,209,600
Machine hours for August were 64 800 hours and the business applied factory overhead to production at a rate of $5.75 per machine hour.
The beginning raw materials inventory was $46 080.
The beginning work in process inventory was $77 760.
The beginning and ending finished goods inventory were $115 200 and
$149 750 respectively.
Required:
1.Prepare journal entries to record the August transactions.
2.Prepare the t-accounts for raw materials and work in process and show the ending balances.

Part B
Leisure Life manufactures various sporting equipment. During the first year of operations the company worked on four jobs. The predetermined overhead application rate was 150% of direct labour cost. Job 104 included direct materials of $20,000 and total costs were $25,000.
Calculate the manufacturing overhead applied to Job 104 to date.
(15 Marks = 18 Minutes)

英语翻译
Eight of the 20 largest inward M&A transactions worldwide,each valued at more than $7 billion,involved United States firms.

英语翻译
IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS strongly discourage courtesy authorship.
这里的courtesy authorship.是侵犯著作权的意思么?

英语翻译
Measuring Business Transactions
Once you have determined that a transaction has occurred,you must decide:
1.When the transaction occurred
-The recognition issue
2.What value to place on the transaction
-The valuation issue
3.How to categorize the components of the transaction
-The classification issue

1)Make entries with the following transactions :①Mr.Brown inverted $120,000,00 with cash to open the Green Lake Hotel.②Opened a business account at the People's Bank of China (A/C No.20081)by depositing $120,000,00.③Paid $2,000,00 for sales salaries.④Paid officers salaries for the month $20,000,00.⑤Paid office tent for the month,$500.00.希望可以教我拉.

1—07：individual efficiency in business transactions and banking will be greatly enhanced and those who dread shopping are spared the chore of browsing around in shops.
想知道的问题：are spared the chore of browsing around in shops. 这句话有点看不明白?be spared sth .有这个结构吗?