excavation of...句子语法结构分析

excavation of the city 主语 revealed谓语动词
宾语 a pattern of debris and collapsed buildings typical of towns devastated by earthquakes
宾语中心语为a pattern of debris and collapsed buildings 带有系表形容词短语作定语typical of towns devastated by earthquakes 这个成分towns devastated by earthquakes分析一下就是towns后带过去分词做定语.
实际上所有的定语都可以用定语从句来表达的, 不过有时候就显的罗嗦了.
excavation of the city revealed a pattern of debris and collapsed buildings which were typical of towns which are devastated by earthquakes 翻译也简单,就是古城发掘出了典型的地震摧毁的城镇废墟遗骸.

对城市的开挖揭示出一片残骸和倒塌建筑物的情景，即受到地震摧毁的城镇中典型的情景。
typical of 是形容词引导的后置定语，修饰pattern的

同意两位的意见，应该补充的是可以把句子补全。
Excavation of the city revealed a pattern of debris and collapsed buildings (which is) typical of towns (which have been) devastated by earthquakes.