i want to change a relatively easy job.我要换一个体力轻松点的工作.如果这样不是很

Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden change in pronunciation started, with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16 ^th century the British had contact(联系) with people from around the world. This means that many new words and phrases entered the language. The invention of printing also meant that there was a common language in print. Books became cheaper and more people learned to read. Spelling and grammar became fixed and the dialect （方言）of London became the standard. In 1604, the first English dictionary was published.
The numbers of words in Early Modern English and Late Modern English differ. Late Modern English has a lot more words because of two main factors(因素): firstly, the Industrial Revolution created a need for new words; secondly, the British Empire covered one quarter of the earth’s surface, and the English language took in foreign words from many countries.
From around 1600, the English colonization(殖民地化)of North America resulted in the creation of American English. Some English pronunciation and words froze when they reached America. In some ways, American English is more like the English of Shakespeare than modern British English. Some expressions that the British call “ Americanisms” are in fact original （原先的）British expressions that were preserved (保存) in the colonies but were lost in Britain. Spanish also had an influence on American English, with words like canyon, ranch, stampede and vigilante being examples of Spanish words that entered English. French words and West African words also influenced American English.
Today, American English is the most influential(有影响力的). But there are many other kinds of English around the world, including Australian English, New Zealand English, Canadian English, South African English , Indian English and Caribbean English. They have differences.
小题1:What can we know from Paragraph 1?

A．The dialect of London became the standard in the year 1604.

B．Vowels were pronounced longer towards the end of Middle English

C．The first English dictionary was published in the early 17 th century.

D．Many new words entered English because many people moved to Britain.

小题2:From Paragraph 2, we know that the Industrial Revolution __________.

A．required spelling and grammar to be fixed

B．required a greater number of English words

C．caused many old English words to be useless

D．led to the English colonization of North America.

小题3:The underlined word “froze” in Paragraph 3 shows that some English words in America___________.

A．became longer

B．greatly changed

C．a little changed

D．stayed as they were

小题4:What will the paragraph following this passage most probably discuss?

A．The development of Modern English

B．How the English vocabulary became larger

C．Differences among the different kinds of English

D．Differences between Middle English and Modern English

I have an appointment Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.

A．to

B．off

C．with

D．from

No one can change the weather. Nobody can control the weather. But if we read correctly the signs around us, we can tell what the more important changes in the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting.
For many centuries and in all countries, people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. That many people feel their joints(关节) hurt is a sign of wet weather. Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way . If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine. Such rainbows come in the evening. If the stars twinkle clearly at night, then fine weather will continue. If a fog appears in the morning just above a river, then the day will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, then the following day will be fine. If a rainbow appears in the morning, rainy weather will probably come.
Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.
小题1:Which of the following can be used here to replace(取代) the underlined phrase “on the way”?

A．away	B．gone
C．disappearing	D．coming

小题2:When you see the stars twinkle clearly at night, the weather will be_________.

A．warm	B．rainy
C．clear and fine	D．cold

小题3:Which of the following signs can tell the weather will probably be rainy?

A．A rainbow appears in the morning.

B．Some birds fly high.

C．The stars twinkle clearly at night.

D．Fogs appear in the morning just above a river.

小题4:Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A．Nobody can control the weather.

B．If the sunset is red in colour, then the next day will be fine.

C．If many people feel their joints hurt, it may be a sign of wet weather.

D．People only use their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting.

小题5:Which of the following sentences can suitable according to the passage?

A．活到老，学到老。	B．朝霞不出门，晚霞行千里。
C．早起的鸟儿捉虫多.	D．一日之计在于晨。

四.阅读理解（30分）
a
united nations climate change conference
the u.n. climate change conference opened in copenhagen, denmark on dec.7th with some 15,000 delegates and observers from nearly 200 countries attending what is called the last best chance for an agreement to combat(与……战斗) global warming.
their aim is to find common ground, including on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, promotion and transfer of new more eco-friendly technology and the necessary funding to make this possible, especially for the less developed and poorer nations.it also means coming up with long term vision and cooperation for the future.
most scientists believe the warming trend is mainly caused by human activity, especially the use of fossil fuels(矿物燃料) and the cutting down of forests. skeptics(怀疑论者) say global warming is part of a natural cycle of climate change.
in copenhagen, experts and officials alike are putting the emphasis on what people and ***s can do to cut the emission of greenhouse gases.
scientists say a 25 to 40 percent cut in carbon-dioxide emissions is needed to control global warming. the european union, china, and india have already pledged(保证) reductions. the united states is waiting for congressional(国会的) approval for a proposal put forward by the obama administration.
barack obama, president of the united states said, “each of us must do what we can when we can to grow our economies without endangering our planet -- and we must all do it together. we must seize the opportunity to make copenhagen a significant step forward in the global fight against climate change..”
desmond tutu, archbishop of south africa said, “worldwide, we have the chance to start turning the tide of climate change, but only if all ***s commit themselves to a fair, binding(有约束力的) and sustainable climate agreement in copenhagen.”
56. from the first paragraph we can infer that___________.
people think that this conference is of no use
this conference is the last one to be held about the climate change
before this conference some countries fight against each other.
people expect a final agreement will be achieved
57. which is not included in the aim of this conference?
a. to reduce the emission of the greenhouse gases.
b. to develop the agriculture and industry of the developed countries.
c. to cooperate with each other for the future.
d. to transfer new more eco-friendly technology.
58. which statement is true according to the passage?
a. the united states refuses to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.
b. the european union is waiting for a proposal put forward by obama.
c. china and india have already agreed to cut carbon-dioxide emissions.
d. south africa doesn’t think much of this conference.
59. what is obama’s attitude according to his words?
a. doubtful. b. positive. c. negative. d. regretful.
60. _________is the reason of global warming according to the skeptics.
a. human activityb. fossil fuels
c. the cutting down of trees d. natural climate change