continent

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intercontinental missile是什么意思

[释义] 洲际导弹; 全部释义>>[例句]Like an intercontinental missile, you can aim a prayer at a person"s heart whether you are ten feet or 10000 miles away.如同洲际导航飞弹,不管是在十尺或是十万里外,都可以对准人的心灵祷告。

Many Europeans ________ the continent of Africa in the 19th century.

BADBDBBCADDDDDA

澳大利亚大陆用英语说是不是Australia Continent?

是Australian Continent吧,楼主好像少了个n

continent是什么意思

n.大陆;陆地;洲;欧洲大陆(不包括英国和爱尔兰);adj.自制的;节欲的;禁欲的;例句We"re going to spend a weekend on the Continent.我们要去欧洲大陆度周末。变形复数continents

continent是什么意思

continent 英[u02c8ku0252ntu026anu0259nt] 美[u02c8kɑntu0259nu0259nt] n. 大陆,陆地;欧洲大陆;<美>北美洲大陆 adj. 自制的,克制的;节欲的;贞洁的;禁欲的 名词复数:continents [例句]But africa is also a continent full of problems.但是非洲也是一个充满问题的大陆。

continentai鞋底特点是

continentai鞋底特点是非常轻的,可以做喷涂各种色彩,耐磨耐折。continentai的鞋底是一种天然的材料,是一种来自大自然的材料,鞋底的材质是非常好的,所以continentai的鞋底特点是非常轻的,可以做喷涂各种色彩,耐磨耐折。

the name seven continents怎么写

七大洲指亚洲(英文:Asia)、欧洲(英文:Europe)、北美洲(英文:North America)、南美洲(英文:South America)、非洲(英文:Africa)、大洋洲(英文:Oceania)、南极洲(英文:Antarctica)。【Vickey英语】为你解答,还有更多视频课程,帮你轻松搞定英语!

英语翻译 比如:typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent

这个问题真好. 虽然typical是个形容词,但是在词组typical of里面的typical已经名词化了.也就是说这里的typical=typical +对应名词,typical of=typical + 对应名词 of 比如 typical of=typical characteristic of表示”是.的典型特征“. 原句中Typical of the grassland dwellers=Typical dweller of the grassland dwellers Typical grassland dwellers 也是说得通的,这里typical就是一形容词.不过这个时候后面的谓语该用复数are,后面的表语似乎也要用复数. 以下为词典原句.其中的typical实际上都已经名词化了. Snow is typical of winter in the north. 雪是北方冬天的特征. It is typical of him to take hard jobs . 这幅画是他早期作品相当典型的代表作. 欢迎探讨词法语法问题.

entire continent是什么意思

整个大陆------------

what continent is south africa in?南非在哪个大陆

It is in African continent. (South Africa is/lies in African continent.)

Indian subcontinent 包括哪些地方?是否包括在亚洲范围以内??

是指印度次大陆,主要在喜马拉雅山以南直到印度洋一带,包括印度、巴基斯坦、孟加拉等国家

land和continent的用法

land 有“陆地”、“土地”的意思。可以是比较广的“陆地”,也可以是一块小的具体的陆地。continent是指“大陆”,有时是用来区别海洋的。

We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent。

答案B 此题考查固定搭配中零冠词的用法以及定冠词表特指的用法。句意:我们乘船绕道去西海岸,而没有开车(直接)穿过大陆去。by sea坐船,等于by ship,不需加冠词,类似的还有by bus, by air. continent这里是特指,为说话双方所知道,故其前加定冠词the。 查看原帖>>

It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.

前面的opened已经是动词了,所以后面的connect要用非谓语的形式。

welcome dear guests from continental corporation这句话是什么意思?还有每个单词的意思。

热烈欢迎来自内地公司尊敬的嘉宾们欢迎 尊敬的 嘉宾 来自 内地的 公司

common law和continental law的区别

common law[英][u02c8ku0254mu0259n lu0254:][美][u02c8kɑmu0259n lu0254]习惯法; 不成文法; Canadian libel law is based on English common law.加拿大的诽谤法是以英国的习惯法为基础的。continental law[英][u02ccku0254ntu0259u02c8nentl lu0254:][美][u02cckɑntu0259u02c8nu025bntl: lu0254]大陆法; Stiftung mainly present itself in continental law system.财团法人制度主要存在于大陆法系。

continental US是指美国吧,但为什么前面加个continental?

指 美国大陆, 不包括其岛屿,如塞班,阿拉斯加等

汽油泵上continental是原厂大众的吗

原厂都有,都有大众奥迪标志的。

continentalshelf的意思continentalshelf的意思是什么

continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的英英释义是Noun:therelativelyshallow(uptometers)seabedsurroundingacontinent。continentalshelf的例句是Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。一、词典解释点此查看continentalshelf的详细内容1.大陆架Thecontinentalshelfistheareawhichformstheedgeofacontinent,endinginasteepslopetothedepthsoftheocean.continentalshelf的意思e.g....thedeepwaterofftheContinentalShelf.远离大陆架的深水水域二、网络解释1.continentalshelf1.陆棚:之所以如此,主因台陆皆非1951年旧金山和约之当事方,何况钓鱼台此迄今仍无人居住之弹丸小岛、於1968年联合国机构公布发现其所接连大陆棚(continentalshelf)下之油藏之前、从未受到特别注意.2.continentalshelf2.大陆棚:另外一个离本岛比较远的钓鱼台群岛则在台湾岛的北方,约150公里处,这些岛屿都分布在亚洲大陆棚(continentalshelf)的边缘上,在台湾本岛海岸外海底斜坡约以一比十的坡度急降,在离岸约30公里处的太平洋水域海水已经深约4000公尺三、例句Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。Justoffthecoast,thecontinentalshelfplunges,forminganunderwatercanyon.大陆架在离海岸不远处突然下降,形成了一个水下的峡谷。continentalshelf的相关临近词continentality、continental、ContinentalOffshoreStratigraphicTest、ContinentalOffshoreStereographicTest、continentalmarginarc-volcanicrocks、ContinentalAirDefenseObjectivesPlan、ContinentalScientificDrillingProject、Continentallayer-controlledtectonics、continentalthin-interbeddingreservoir、continentalsubductionandcollisionbelt、ContinentalElectronicManufactureCompany点此查看更多关于continentalshelf的详细信息

continentaldrift的翻译continentaldrift的翻译是什么

continentaldrift的意思是:n.大陆漂移学说。continentaldrift的意思是:n.大陆漂移学说。continentaldrift的例句是TheothermajorcauseofdisjunctionisCONTNENTALDRIFT.另外一个造成间断的原因是大陆漂移。continentaldrift的读音是英[_k_nt_"nentldrift];美[_kɑnt_"n_ntldr_ft]。一、词典解释点此查看continentaldrift的详细内容1.大陆漂移ContinentaldriftistheslowmovementoftheEarth"scontinentstowardsandawayfromeachother.二、网络解释1.continentaldrift什么意思1.大陆漂移学说:geomagnetism地磁|continentaldrift大陆漂移学说|sea-floorspreading海床扩展2.continentaldrift2.大陆漂移(说):consistof由...组成|continentaldrift大陆漂移(说)|continentalshelf大陆架3.大陆漂移大_移_:■continentalcrust大陆地壳大_地_|■continentaldrift大陆漂移大_移_|■continentalplate大陆板块大_プレ_ト三、例句TheothermajorcauseofdisjunctionisCONTNENTALDRIFT.另外一个造成间断的原因是大陆漂移。Afewwritershavesuggestedthatperhapscontinentaldriftcausespolarwandering.一些作家已经提议也许大陆漂移引起两极漫游。continentaldrift的相关临近词continental、continentalize点此查看更多关于continentaldrift的详细信息

continental united states是什么意思

continental United States 大陆上的美国 美国本土;美国大陆;美国大陆本土例句筛选1.Asian soybean rust was first detected in the continental UnitedStates in 2004.美国大陆最初发现大豆锈病是在2004年。2.Prices are often higher in Hawaii than in the continental UnitedStates.夏威夷的物价常常比美国大陆高。

CONTINENTAL是什么牌子手表

康迪纳 瑞士的,国内好像没有专卖店的,一般都在国外销售。

continentaldrift的意思是什么

continentaldrift的意思是:n.大陆漂移学说。continentaldrift的意思是:n.大陆漂移学说。continentaldrift的例句是TheothermajorcauseofdisjunctionisCONTNENTALDRIFT.另外一个造成间断的原因是大陆漂移。continentaldrift的读音是英[_k_nt_"nentldrift];美[_kɑnt_"n_ntldr_ft]。一、英英释义点此查看continentaldrift的详细内容Noun:thegradualmovementandformationofcontinents(asdescribedbyplatetectonics)二、网络解释1.continentaldrift什么意思1.大陆漂移学说:geomagnetism地磁|continentaldrift大陆漂移学说|sea-floorspreading海床扩展2.continentaldrift2.大陆漂移(说):consistof由...组成|continentaldrift大陆漂移(说)|continentalshelf大陆架3.大陆漂移大_移_:■continentalcrust大陆地壳大_地_|■continentaldrift大陆漂移大_移_|■continentalplate大陆板块大_プレ_ト三、例句TheothermajorcauseofdisjunctionisCONTNENTALDRIFT.另外一个造成间断的原因是大陆漂移。Afewwritershavesuggestedthatperhapscontinentaldriftcausespolarwandering.一些作家已经提议也许大陆漂移引起两极漫游。continentaldrift的相关临近词continental、continentalize点此查看更多关于continentaldrift的详细信息

CONTINENTAL手表多少钱?

CONTINENTAL是德国马牌啊,生产轮胎的公司。手表没听说过,可能是马牌的宣传附属产品吧

continentalshelf的翻译continentalshelf的翻译是什么

continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的英英释义是Noun:therelativelyshallow(uptometers)seabedsurroundingacontinent。continentalshelf的例句是Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。一、参考翻译点此查看continentalshelf的详细内容大陆架二、英英释义Noun:therelativelyshallow(upto200meters)seabedsurroundingacontinent三、例句Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。Justoffthecoast,thecontinentalshelfplunges,forminganunderwatercanyon.大陆架在离海岸不远处突然下降,形成了一个水下的峡谷。continentalshelf的相关临近词continentality、continental、ContinentalOffshoreStratigraphicTest、ContinentalOffshoreStereographicTest、continentalmarginarc-volcanicrocks、ContinentalAirDefenseObjectivesPlan、ContinentalScientificDrillingProject、Continentallayer-controlledtectonics、continentalthin-interbeddingreservoir、continentalsubductionandcollisionbelt、ContinentalElectronicManufactureCompany点此查看更多关于continentalshelf的详细信息

"continental breakfast"是什么意思?

continental breakfast n. (只有面包和热饮的)欧洲大陆式早餐 欧式早餐

continentalshelf的意思是什么

continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的英英释义是Noun:therelativelyshallow(uptometers)seabedsurroundingacontinent。continentalshelf的例句是Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。一、英英释义点此查看continentalshelf的详细内容Noun:therelativelyshallow(upto200meters)seabedsurroundingacontinent二、词典解释1.大陆架Thecontinentalshelfistheareawhichformstheedgeofacontinent,endinginasteepslopetothedepthsoftheocean.continentalshelf的意思e.g....thedeepwaterofftheContinentalShelf.远离大陆架的深水水域三、例句Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。Justoffthecoast,thecontinentalshelfplunges,forminganunderwatercanyon.大陆架在离海岸不远处突然下降,形成了一个水下的峡谷。continentalshelf的相关临近词continentality、continental、ContinentalOffshoreStratigraphicTest、ContinentalOffshoreStereographicTest、continentalmarginarc-volcanicrocks、ContinentalAirDefenseObjectivesPlan、ContinentalScientificDrillingProject、Continentallayer-controlledtectonics、continentalthin-interbeddingreservoir、continentalsubductionandcollisionbelt、ContinentalElectronicManufactureCompany点此查看更多关于continentalshelf的详细信息

continental是什么轮胎牌子

这是马牌轮胎,属于德国大陆集团,很多德系车都用马牌轮胎。轮胎是汽车的重要组成部分,是汽车唯一与地面接触的部分。这部分关系到汽车的行驶稳定性和安全性。轮胎是橡胶制品,橡胶制品长期使用会老化,因此需要定期更换轮胎。正常情况下,安装在汽车上的轮胎可以使用四年,所以建议您每四年更换一次轮胎。购买新轮胎时,一定要看生产日期,因为轮胎是有保质期的。正常情况下,轮胎闲置不用的保质期是三年。如果轮胎出厂超过三年,不要买。用车时一定要检查胎压。气压对于轮胎来说非常重要,轮胎的气压不能太高也不能太低。气压过高会降低轮胎的抓地力,气压过低会导致轮胎在高速行驶时产生波浪变形。如果轮胎被波浪变形,轮胎的使用寿命会降低,轮胎被扎破的概率也会增加。如果你发现你的汽车胎压不合适,你必须立即调整。百万购车补贴

continental什么意思

continental[英][u02ccku0252ntu026a"nentl] [美][u02cckɑntu0259u02c8nu025bntl:] 生词本简明释义adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的;〈美〉(独立战争时)美洲殖民地的n.欧洲大陆人;〈美〉(独立战争中的)美国兵[纸币];〈美俚〉(起源于英国的)欧洲大陆发式

CONTINENTAL是什么轮胎

CONTINENTAL是马牌 轮胎 ,是一个德国品牌,创立于1871年,一开始是以生产橡胶制品、实心马车和自行车轮胎起家。经过百年来的历史,马牌轮胎已经是全球领先的制动系统、底盘零配件、车辆电子元件、轮胎和高科技橡胶供应商,在品牌影响力方面是不 CONTINENTAL是什么轮胎 CONTINENTAL是德国马牌轮胎,是一个国际品牌,开创于1871年,一开始是以生产制造橡塑制品、实芯牛车和单车轮胎发家。历经近百年来的历史时间,德国马牌轮胎早已是世界技术领先的刹车系统、汽车底盘零配件、车子电子元器件、轮胎和新科技硫化橡胶经销商,在品牌影响力层面是不可小觑的。而公司旗下的轮胎商品,能够算是欧洲地区轮胎销售市场的先进公司,欧洲地区每在出厂三辆车就会有一辆安装了德国马牌轮胎,市场占有率是极其之高的。静音模式舒服是德国马牌的一大特性,而这致使了其具备不耐磨损、抓耕地一般的缺陷,促使一部分买车人觉得德国马牌非常容易爆胎的是由于其瓷胎软,事实上,造成 德国马牌轮胎产生爆胎的缘故有多种多样,这不可以只归入德国马牌轮胎的产品质量问题,德国马牌轮胎的品质一直以来都广受五星好评,且其一直适用中国各地工商管理局检测轮胎产品质量,在品质层面,德国马牌轮胎是毫无疑问通关的,买车人们可安心使用。轮胎胎压过高 当轮胎的标准气压高过轮胎气压标准的时候会加快轮胎的损坏速率,进而扩大了爆胎的概率。由于胎压过高,胎体帘线支撑力会扩大,促使帘线的疲惫全过程加快,特别是在过多打气又超重车辆超速的情形下,也是提升了帘线的热应力,促使胎温迅速升高,加快硫化橡胶脆化速率,进而引起爆胎。 轮胎胎压过低  轮胎标准气压过低造成 爆胎的状况较为非常容易发生在夏天,由于轮胎标准气压过低,提升了胎面与地板磨擦,促使翻转摩擦阻力升高,导致胎体温度大幅度上升,胎面硫化橡胶变松,脆化速率加快,造成胎体部分脱层和胎面损坏加重,在这样的情形下,就很有可能产生爆胎。 轮胎欠缺必需维护保养 当不对轮胎开展互换和养护时,轮胎便会产生损坏不均匀的状况,非常容易产生欠缺处,造成 爆胎。除此之外,如果不及早消除夹在轮胎纹路内的碎石子,也会加快轮胎的损坏速率,造成 爆胎。当在行车中途产生轮胎忽然破裂的状况,不必慌乱,只需两手握紧汽车 方向盘 ,仍可操纵车辆。在留意后边车子的与此同时,迟缓制动系统并驶出主干路。爆胎后切忌紧急停车,以防因制驱动力不均匀而使车子漂移或车翻。 图解普利司通生产日期 在日常日常生活,我们可以见到轮胎上拥有各式各样的数据和英文字母或符号,一部分是代表轮胎的截面总宽、轮胎的规格、轮胎的平扁率。那麼想要知道这款轮胎的生产日期该如何判断呢? 下边以普利司通轮胎轮胎为例子,普利司通轮胎它的生产日期在哪里看呢。轮胎的生产日期一般是由数据和数字构成的代码表明。大家认真观察轮胎的侧边就可以发觉,轮胎上边有一组由前边是英文字母后边是数据构成的代码,这就是轮胎的生产日期。在2000年前制造的轮胎最终是三位数据的,最终一位数据代表着年代,前2个数据代表着该年代的周数。在2000年后制造的轮胎,最终是四位数据的,最后前两为代表着年代,最后三四为代表周数。例如ANCxxxxxx207,这一代码表明该轮胎是在1997年第20周生产制造的,如果是ANCxxxxxx3019这一代码便是表明该轮胎是在2019年第30周生产制造的。轮胎上不仅有生产日期代码,也有有关轮胎规格的标志。例如225/60r16。225代表轮胎的截面总宽为225mm,便是轮胎的较大总宽。60代表轮胎的平扁率是60%,指轮胎高宽比与总宽的比率。R代表的是子午线轮胎,别名“不锈钢丝胎”。16代表的是轮圈的直径,便是表明该轮胎适用16英寸轮圈。 CONTINENTAL是什么轮胎 图解普利司通生产日期 @2019

continental轮胎品牌

continental是马牌轮胎,其属于德国的大陆集团。这个品牌开创于1871年,一开始是以生产制造橡塑制品、实芯牛车和单车轮胎发家。历经近百年来的历史时间,德国马牌轮胎早已是世界技术领先的刹车系统、汽车底盘零配件、车子电子元器件、轮胎和新科技硫化橡胶经销商,在品牌影响力层面是不可小觑的。而公司旗下的轮胎商品,能够算是欧洲地区轮胎销售市场的先进公司,欧洲地区每在出厂三辆车就会有一辆安装了德国马牌轮胎,市场占有率是极其之高的。汽车轮胎注意事项:1、轮胎胎压过高当轮胎的标准气压高过轮胎气压标准的时候会加快轮胎的损坏速率,进而扩大了爆胎的概率。由于胎压过高,胎体帘线支撑力会扩大,促使帘线的疲惫全过程加快,特别是在过多打气又超重车辆超速的情形下,也是提升了帘线的热应力,促使胎温迅速升高,加快硫化橡胶脆化速率,进而引起爆胎。2、轮胎胎压过低轮胎标准气压过低造成爆胎的状况较为非常容易发生在夏天,由于轮胎标准气压过低,提升了胎面与地板磨擦,促使翻转摩擦阻力升高,导致胎体温度大幅度上升,胎面硫化橡胶变松,脆化速率加快,造成胎体部分脱层和胎面损坏加重,在这样的情形下,就很有可能产生爆胎。

阿迪达斯鞋底上有一个马的标志,一个CONTINENTAL的英文,代表什么啊?

鞋子设轮胎的logo,哪怎么确定是正品呢

CONTINENTAL是什么牌子的轮胎

CONTINENTAL为德国大陆轮胎(马牌轮胎)德国大陆集团(ContinentalAG)始建于1871年,总部位于德国汉诺威市,是世界第三大轮胎制造企业、欧洲最大的汽车配件供应商。马牌轮胎以全天候的安全性和可靠性著称,低噪音,自洁性强。极高的瞬间过载能力,灵敏的操控应答和弯道稳定性,干湿地面卓越的刹车性能,更高的排水保护能力,全球唯一获准的以时速360公里驾驶的公路轮胎,载入吉尼斯世界记录。拓展资料:德国大陆轮胎公司在全球27个国家拥有100多个工厂、研发机构和测试中心,员工总数超过80,000,年销售额145亿欧元,排名世界五百强企业的385位。大陆轮胎公司是一家全球领先的制动系统、底盘零配件、车辆电子元件、轮胎和高科技橡胶供应商。2005年,公司销售额高达138亿欧元。目前,该公司在全球共拥有8万名员工。该公司利用高性能IT基础设施,保证高速创新和快速按需发展,在充满竞争的行业内立于不败之地。参考资料:百度百科:德国大陆轮胎(马牌轮胎)公司

continental是什么意思

continental[英][u02ccku0252ntu026au02c8nentl][美][u02cckɑ:ntu026au02c8nentl]adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的; 〈美〉(独立战争时)美洲殖民地的; n.欧洲大陆人; 〈美〉(独立战争中的)美国兵[纸币]; 〈美俚〉(起源于英国的)欧洲大陆发式; 复数:continentals易混淆单词:Continental例句:1.The government published a territorial baseline for the archipelago and filed a continental shelf claim which included the islands. 中国政府发布了这个群岛的领海基线,并提交了包括争议岛屿在内的大陆架划界申请。

continental轮胎品牌

continental轮胎品牌是德国马牌轮胎。CONTINENTAL是德国马牌轮胎,是一个国际品牌,开创于1871年,一开始是以生产制造橡塑制品、实芯牛车和单车轮胎发家。历经近百年来的历史时间,德国马牌轮胎早已是世界技术领先的刹车系统、汽车底盘零配件、车子电子元器件、轮胎和新科技硫化橡胶经销商,在品牌影响力层面是不可小觑的。而公司旗下的轮胎商品,能够算是欧洲地区轮胎销售市场的先进公司,欧洲地区每在出厂三辆车就会有一辆安_了德国马牌轮胎,市场占有率是极其之高的。静音模式舒服是德国马牌的一大特性,而这致使了其具备不耐磨损、抓耕地一般的缺陷,促使一部分买车人觉得德国马牌非常容易爆胎的是由于其瓷胎软,事实上,造成德国马牌轮胎产生爆胎的缘故有多种多样,这不可以只归入德国马牌轮胎的产品质量问题,德国马牌轮胎的品质一直以来都广受五星好评,且其一直适用中国各地工商管理局检测轮胎产品质量,在品质层面,德国马牌轮胎是毫无疑问通关的,买车人们可安心使用。

CONTINENTAL是什么轮胎

CONTINENTAL是德国马牌轮胎,是一个国际品牌,开创于1871年,一开始是以生产制造橡塑制品、实芯牛车和单车轮胎发家。历经近百年来的历史时间,德国马牌轮胎早已是世界技术领先的刹车系统、汽车底盘零配件、车子电子元器件、轮胎和新科技硫化橡胶经销商,在品牌影响力层面是不可小觑的。而公司旗下的轮胎商品,能够算是欧洲地区轮胎销售市场的先进公司,欧洲地区每在出厂三辆车就会有一辆安_了德国马牌轮胎,市场占有率是极其之高的。静音模式舒服是德国马牌的一大特性,而这致使了其具备不耐磨损、抓耕地一般的缺陷,促使一部分买车人觉得德国马牌非常容易爆胎的是由于其瓷胎软,事实上,造成德国马牌轮胎产生爆胎的缘故有多种多样,这不可以只归入德国马牌轮胎的产品质量问题,德国马牌轮胎的品质一直以来都广受五星好评,且其一直适用中国各地工商管理局检测轮胎产品质量,在品质层面,德国马牌轮胎是毫无疑问通关的,买车人们可安心使用。轮胎胎压过高当轮胎的标准气压高过轮胎气压标准的时候会加快轮胎的损坏速率,进而扩大了爆胎的概率。由于胎压过高,胎体帘线支撑力会扩大,促使帘线的疲惫全过程加快,特别是在过多打气又超重车辆超速的情形下,也是提升了帘线的热应力,促使胎温迅速升高,加快硫化橡胶脆化速率,进而引起爆胎。轮胎胎压过低轮胎标准气压过低造成爆胎的状况较为非常容易发生在夏天,由于轮胎标准气压过低,提升了胎面与地板磨擦,促使翻转摩擦阻力升高,导致胎体_度大幅度上升,胎面硫化橡胶变松,脆化速率加快,造成胎体部分脱层和胎面损坏加重,在这样的情形下,就很有可能产生爆胎。轮胎欠缺必需维护保养当不对轮胎开展互换和养护时,轮胎便会产生损坏不均匀的状况,非常容易产生欠缺处,造成爆胎。除此之外,如果不及早消除夹在轮胎纹路内的碎石子,也会加快轮胎的损坏速率,造成爆胎。当在行车中途产生轮胎忽然破裂的状况,不必慌乱,只需两手握紧汽车方向盘,仍可操纵车辆。在留意后边车子的与此同时,迟缓制动系统并驶出主干路。爆胎后切忌紧急停车,以防因制驱动力不均匀而使车子漂移或车翻。百万购车补贴

continent的形容词

continent的形容词形式:continental。例句:1、He sees no signs of improvement in the U.K. and continental economy.他看不出英国和欧洲大陆的经济好转的迹象。2、The most ancient parts of the continental crust are 4000 million years old.该大陆地壳最古老的那些部分有40亿年了。3、Lowered sea levels exposed the shallow continental shelf beneath the Bering Sea.下降了的`海平面使白令海底的浅大陆架露了出来。4、The World Cup is called that because teams from every continent have played in it.世界杯之所以叫世界杯,是因为参加比赛的球队来自各个大陆。5、If a man is gracious and courteous to strangers, it shows he is a citizen of the world, and that his heart is no island, cut off from other lands, but a continent, that joins to them.如果一个人对外邦人也能温和有礼,那么他就可以被称作一个“世界的公民”——他的心与五洲四海是相通的。

continental是什么品牌轮胎

constancy是国产品牌康耐斯轮胎,是山东跃龙橡胶集团生产的。企业曾连续多年获得“纳税先进企业”、“明星企业”、“消费者满意单位”、 “AAA级信用企业”等荣誉称号。2008年被山东省工商局评为“山东省著名商标”、“省级守合同重信用企业”,被省行业协会评为“综合实力50强企业”。扩展资料:潍坊市跃龙橡胶有限公司创建于1986年8月,位于“世界风筝都”的潍坊市。公司资金技术力量雄厚,生产设施配套齐全、工艺先进、检测手段完善,拥有年生产能力斜交胎60万套、全钢子午线轮胎120万套国际国内最先进的生产线各一条,是一个集轮胎生产和国际贸易于一体的现代化企业。公司生产的七大系列80多个规格品种的跃龙系列轮胎,畅销全国,并与北汽福田、潍坊拖拉机厂、时风集团等多家车辆厂及拖拉机厂家配套。公司享有自营进出口权,产品已销往中东、东南亚多个国家和地区,在国内外享有很高的声誉。参考资料来源:百度百科-潍坊市跃龙橡胶有限公司

continent形容词形式

continent 英[u02c8ku0252ntu026anu0259nt] 美[u02c8kɑu02d0ntu026anu0259nt] n. 大陆; 陆地; 洲; 欧洲大陆(不包括英国和爱尔兰); continent形容词形式continental 英[u02ccku0252ntu026au02c8nentl] 美[u02cckɑu02d0ntu026au02c8nentl] adj. 欧洲大陆的(不包括英国和爱尔兰); 随(西、南欧国家)大陆风俗的; 北美大陆的; n. (欧洲)大陆人; [例句]On a continental scale, china"s deal-making pace far exceeds the u.s."s, according to mthuli ncube, chief economist at the African Development Bank group.根据非洲发展银行集团首席经济学家mthuli ncube的介绍,从整个非洲大陆的角度看,中国在这里的经济渗透步伐已经远远超过了美国。[其他] 复数:continentals

五菱之光6376A3电脑上面Continental是什么意思

大陆汽车电子

CONTINENTAL德国马牌轮胎怎么样

开创时间1871年企业国别德国企业规模世界五百强关键销售市场全球购置汽车企业宝马五系、玛莎拉蒂、新款奔驰、奥迪车特性低噪声、制动系统性能强、操纵灵巧、可靠性高、不耐磨损、性价比高不高 CONTINENTAL德国马牌 轮胎 以全天的安全系数和稳定性而出名,具备低噪声,自清洁性好和很高的一瞬间负载能力,灵巧的操纵回复和转弯可靠性,湿区路面非凡的刹车踏板性能,高些的排水管道维护能力,全世界唯一批准的以车速360千米安全驾驶的道路轮胎,被加载吉尼斯纪录。具备SSR防爆型轮胎,即便 是在轮胎彻底过压时,车子仍能够以80KM/钟头,再次行车答80KM,这也是其优势;可是不耐磨损造成 的运用周期短,且耗油量比较大是马牌轮胎的缺陷。马牌轮胎的特点便是表现在操纵和安全系数上,要了解马牌轮胎的雪地胎是全世界唯一一款能够做到摩擦阻力4之上的轮胎(四季胎也是偏高),基本上全部南极科考队的车全是用德国马牌的轮胎。不但提高整车的操纵性能,即便 在严酷的实时路况驾驶也可以维持不错的可靠性,在一定水平上增强了驾驶安全系数。 次之便是轮胎的静音模式性,现阶段市面较为常用的CC5、MC5和CPC2系列,都含有3D积极降噪系数,运用轮胎的共震和纹路中间的管沟,能够合理地相抵和分散化每个纹路块以前的噪声,进而给予非常舒服的乘坐自然环境。自然,一切均有正反两面的,因为马牌轮胎的耐磨损安全性能偏高,德国马牌在应用限期层面就不太占上风了,比较非常容易损坏,四季胎均值使用期为 4W千米上下,雪地胎则是2.5W千米。并且轮胎的总重量也是相对来说较高的,在耗油层面或多或少都是有些危害。因而,假如你常常驾驶在实时路况非常差的地区,例如:雪天,坚信马牌轮胎毫无疑问不可能令你难过的。但假如你单纯性在大城市里边驾驶,或是在南边开得话,马牌轮胎确实不应该就是你的优选知名品牌,自然也是有很多顾客便是为它的隔音实际效果而付钱的。

continental和terrigenous的区别

continental和terrigenous的区别continental 单词词义是:adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的;〈美〉(独立战争时)美洲殖民地的n.欧洲大陆人;〈美〉(独立战争中的)美国兵[纸币];〈美俚〉(起源于英国的)欧洲大陆发式terrigenous 单词词义是:adj.(尤指海中沉积)由泥土产生的,陆源的

continental 歌词

歌曲名:continental歌手:Alkaline Trio专辑:good mourningi"ve got a dying urge to feel the way you dotoo close for comfortbed and breakfast in a spoonthe shortest breath of your young lifea long walk home on friday nightyou made one last stop at the storeso close to perfect swear to hell thought it was youthis bouncing baby boy"s now turning baby bluei"ve got your pictures on my wallsi"ve got a long list of calls i must maketo your existing familyyou had nine lives and one by one you chewed them upyour final coffin nail"s been driven far too muchthis won"t take long you said i"m not going fargo wait in the cargo wait in the cari often wonder what it feels like to be youa mess like this stuck on your hands with krazy glueran outta time no kiss goodbyewish i could learn to let this sleeping dog diewithout lying to myselfyou had nine lives and one by one you chewed them upyour final coffin nail"s been driven far too muchthis won"t take long you said i"m not going fargo wait in the cargo wait in the caryou had nine lives and one by one you chewed them upyour final coffin nail"s been driven far too muchthis won"t take long you said i"m not going fargo wait in the cargo wait in the carhttp://music.baidu.com/song/14156521

CONTINENTAL是什么牌子的轮胎

德国马牌

CONTINENTAL是什么轮胎?

CONTINENTAL为德国大陆轮胎马牌轮胎),德国大陆轮胎公司的,这种轮胎在市面上还是很常见的,具有很好的耐磨性,质量也是非常不错的。德国大陆集团始建于1871年,总部位于德国汉诺威市,是世界第三大轮胎制造企业、欧洲最大的汽车配件供应商。马牌轮胎以全天候的安全性和可靠性著称,低噪音,自洁性强。极高的瞬间过载能力,灵敏的操控应答和弯道稳定性,干湿地面卓越的刹车性能,更高的排水保护能力,全球唯一获准的以时速360公里驾驶的公路轮胎,载入吉尼斯世界记录。扩展资料:保养1,检查驾驶过程中,作为“车足”的轮胎,就好比人用脚走过每一个地方,经历了不同的地方,碰到不同的情况,所以这时车主应着重检查一下轮胎的情况,是否会有杂 物或异物夹杂在其中。2,及时更换对汽车进行整体清洗,尤其要对轮胎进行重点清洗,如果轮胎便面是有泥浆类覆盖物,很容易掩盖胎面的伤痕,如果发现轮胎存在磨损严重情况,会使汽车的制动力下降,为防止此类情况,最好是及时更换。3,查动平衡在长途自驾中爱车一定经历过碰撞、高速行驶、急速转弯、紧急制动或者跨越障碍物等情况,轮胎也会因为这样那样的问题而失去平衡。4,查胎压检测轮胎压力,是对轮胎日常保养最重要的环节,不应该仅仅是在远足归来才做的。在日常的行车中,应养成定期 (最好1周检查一次)检查胎压的好习惯,将安全隐患消除在萌芽状态。参考资料来源:百度百科-轮胎规格

continental是什么轮胎

是的。据德国《金融时报》2007年10月29日第8版消息,德国大陆轮胎公司(Continental)将在安徽合肥新建轮胎厂,总投资1.5亿欧元。该项目将于2008年中期开始动工,预计于2010年初开始投产。10月28日,德国大陆轮胎公司在汉诺威宣布了这一消息。

pan-continental 翻译

Pen-continental笔 大陆

continental是什么轮胎

continental是马牌轮胎。1987年,马牌轮胎(ContinentalTire)收购了通用轮胎(GeneralTire),并组成北美大陆轮胎当时,大陆集团是随着米其林如普利司通等其他轮胎制造商进入的美国市场。大陆集团利用马牌(Continental)这个品牌在全球销售汽车、摩托车、自行车用轮胎。德国马牌为轮胎研发了缺气保用技术,特称为SSR,此系统可同所有标准轮辋搭配使用。

continentalshelf的翻译是什么

continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的英英释义是Noun:therelativelyshallow(uptometers)seabedsurroundingacontinent。continentalshelf的例句是Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。一、参考翻译点此查看continentalshelf的详细内容大陆架二、网络解释1.continentalshelf1.陆棚:之所以如此,主因台陆皆非1951年旧金山和约之当事方,何况钓鱼台此迄今仍无人居住之弹丸小岛、於1968年联合国机构公布发现其所接连大陆棚(continentalshelf)下之油藏之前、从未受到特别注意.2.continentalshelf2.大陆棚:另外一个离本岛比较远的钓鱼台群岛则在台湾岛的北方,约150公里处,这些岛屿都分布在亚洲大陆棚(continentalshelf)的边缘上,在台湾本岛海岸外海底斜坡约以一比十的坡度急降,在离岸约30公里处的太平洋水域海水已经深约4000公尺三、例句Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。Justoffthecoast,thecontinentalshelfplunges,forminganunderwatercanyon.大陆架在离海岸不远处突然下降,形成了一个水下的峡谷。continentalshelf的相关临近词continentality、continental、ContinentalOffshoreStratigraphicTest、ContinentalOffshoreStereographicTest、continentalmarginarc-volcanicrocks、ContinentalAirDefenseObjectivesPlan、ContinentalScientificDrillingProject、Continentallayer-controlledtectonics、continentalthin-interbeddingreservoir、continentalsubductionandcollisionbelt、ContinentalElectronicManufactureCompany点此查看更多关于continentalshelf的详细信息

continentalshelf的解释continentalshelf的解释是什么

continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的意思是:n.[海洋]大陆架。continentalshelf的英英释义是Noun:therelativelyshallow(uptometers)seabedsurroundingacontinent。continentalshelf的例句是Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。一、英英释义点此查看continentalshelf的详细内容Noun:therelativelyshallow(upto200meters)seabedsurroundingacontinent二、词典解释1.大陆架Thecontinentalshelfistheareawhichformstheedgeofacontinent,endinginasteepslopetothedepthsoftheocean.continentalshelf的意思e.g....thedeepwaterofftheContinentalShelf.远离大陆架的深水水域三、例句Sheisexaminingspeciesonthecontinentalshelf.她正在对大陆架上的物种情况进行考察。Justoffthecoast,thecontinentalshelfplunges,forminganunderwatercanyon.大陆架在离海岸不远处突然下降,形成了一个水下的峡谷。continentalshelf的相关临近词continentality、continental、ContinentalOffshoreStratigraphicTest、ContinentalOffshoreStereographicTest、continentalmarginarc-volcanicrocks、ContinentalAirDefenseObjectivesPlan、ContinentalScientificDrillingProject、Continentallayer-controlledtectonics、continentalthin-interbeddingreservoir、continentalsubductionandcollisionbelt、ContinentalElectronicManufactureCompany点此查看更多关于continentalshelf的详细信息

“CONTINENTALCROSSCONTACT”什么牌子的轮胎

CONTINENTALCROSSCONTACT指的是马牌轮胎,马牌轮胎隶属于德国大陆集团(Continental AG)是世界第三大轮胎制造企业、欧洲最大的汽车配件供应商。德国马牌于1871年成立于德国汉诺威,目前在全球拥有超过17.8万技术纯熟的员工,共269个生产网点,这些网点分布于46个不同的国家,推动着汽车行业持续显著地向前发展。德国大陆集团几乎涵盖了所有汽车关键配件,每天我们都致力于重塑未来。2014年,集团旗下的五个部门底盘与安全事业部,车身电子事业部,动力总成事业部,轮胎事业部及康迪泰克事业部创造的初始销售额约345亿欧元。扩展资料:从1996年进入中国,大陆集团就与上汽集团开展合作。10年间,集团属下各分部在上海、长春、宁波、张家港等地建立了10余家合资企业。大陆汽车系统还从其合资公司上海联合投资有限公司和上海新泰工业有限公司,收购了生产电子制动系统和车身电子模块中使用的电子控制组件业务,成立了全资控股的上海大陆汽车系统公司。2004年,大陆汽车系统又在连云港设立了专门生产汽车传感器的合资企业。德国马牌轮胎公司目前分为4个部分,分别为轿车和轻卡轮胎,工业和商业轮胎,车辆自动系统和马牌技术ContiTech。公司生产轿车轮胎,商用和工业轮胎,两轮车辆轮胎,液压和电子制动系统(ESC, ABS, TCS), 以及电子悬挂系统。其他的汽车工业产品还有机械传动装置以及悬挂防震系统。德国马牌技术公司 ContiTech还为机械制造业,采矿业,家具和印刷业提供产品。参考资料来源:德国马牌官网-关于德国马牌参考资料来源:百度百科-马牌

continental是什么意思

大陆的

宾利欧陆飞驰continental轮胎介绍

国宾利欧陆飞驰continental轮胎所属大类为制动、车轮和轮胎,是在各种车辆或机械上装配的接地滚动的圆环形弹性橡胶制品通常安装在金属轮辋上,能支承车身,缓冲外界冲击,实现与路面的接触并保证车辆的行驶性能。轮胎常在复杂和苛刻的条件下使用,它在行驶时承受着各种变形、负荷、力以及高低温作用,因此必须具有较高的承载性能、牵引性能、缓冲性能。同时,还要求具备高耐磨性和耐屈挠性,以及低的滚动阻力与生热性。

CONTINENTAL德国马牌轮胎怎么样

开创_间1871年企业国别德国企业规模世界五百强关键销售市场全球购置汽车企业宝马五系、玛莎拉蒂、新款奔驰、奥迪车特性低噪声、制动系统性能强、操纵灵巧、可靠性高、不耐磨损、性价比高不高CONTINENTAL德国马牌轮胎以全天的安全系数和稳定性而出名,具备低噪声,自清洁性好和很高的一瞬间负载能力,灵巧的操纵回复和转弯可靠性,湿区路面非凡的刹车踏板性能,高些的排水管道维护能力,全世界唯一批准的以车速360千米安全驾驶的道路轮胎,被加载吉尼斯纪录。具备SSR防爆型轮胎,即便是在轮胎彻底过压时,车子仍能够以80KM/钟头,再次行车答80KM,这也是其优势;可是不耐磨损造成的运用周期短,且耗油量比较大是马牌轮胎的缺陷。马牌轮胎的特点便是表现在操纵和安全系数上,要了解马牌轮胎的雪地胎是全世界唯一一款能够做到摩擦阻力4之上的轮胎(四季胎也是偏高),基本上全部南极科考队的车全是用德国马牌的轮胎。不但提高整车的操纵性能,即便在严酷的实时路况驾驶也可以维持不错的可靠性,在一定水平上增强了驾驶安全系数。次之便是轮胎的静音模式性,现阶段市面较为常用的CC5、MC5和CPC2系列,都含有3D积极降噪系数,运用轮胎的共震和纹路中间的管沟,能够合理地相抵和分散化每个纹路块以前的噪声,进而给予非常舒服的乘坐自然环境。自然,一切均有正反两面的,因为马牌轮胎的耐磨损安全性能偏高,德国马牌在应用限期层面就不太占上风了,比较非常容易损坏,四季胎均值使用期为4W千米上下,雪地胎则是2.5W千米。并且轮胎的总重量也是相对来说较高的,在耗油层面或多或少都是有些危害。因而,假如你常常驾驶在实时路况非常差的地区,例如:雪天,坚信马牌轮胎毫无疑问不可能令你难过的。但假如你单纯性在大城市里边驾驶,或是在南边开得话,马牌轮胎确实不应该就是你的优选知名品牌,自然也是有很多顾客便是为它的隔音实际效果而付钱的。百万购车补贴

continental什么品牌?

continental是大陆集团,德国运输行业制造商,主要产品为轮胎,制动系统、车身稳定控制系统、发动机喷射系统、转速表,以及其他汽车和运输行业零部件。该公司总部设在德国汉诺威,是世界第四大轮胎制造商。大陆集团是世界市场领导者之一,是细分市场的世界冠军,大陆集团的客户包括所有主要的汽车、卡车、及公共汽车生产商,如大众、戴姆勒公司、福特、沃尔沃、依维柯、施密茨、koegel、福莱纳卡车、宝马、通用、丰田、本田、雷诺和保时捷。

continental轮胎品牌

德国马牌轮胎。continental轮胎是德国马牌轮胎,马牌轮胎英文字母是Continental,翻译成中文是大陆的意思,又因其logo是一匹马而被称为马牌。德国马牌轮胎隶属于德国大陆集团,是欧洲第一大、全球第四大轮胎制造商。特点以全天候的安全性和可靠性著称,低噪音,自洁性强。极高的瞬间过载能力,灵敏的操控应答和弯道稳定性,干湿地面卓越的刹车性能,更高的排水保护能力,全球唯一获准的以时速360公里驾驶的公路轮胎,载入吉尼斯世界记录。SSR防爆轮胎,在轮胎完全失压时,车辆仍能以80KM/小时,继续行驶80KM。

continental轮胎品牌

continental是马牌轮胎,其属于德国的大陆集团。品牌开创于1871年,一开始是以生产制造橡塑制品、实芯牛车和单车轮胎发家。历经近百年来的历史时间,德国马牌轮胎早已是世界技术领先的刹车系统。汽车底盘零配件,车子电子元器件,轮胎和新科技硫化橡胶经销商,在品牌影响力层面是不可小觑的。公司旗下的轮胎商品,能够算是欧洲地区轮胎销售市场的先进公司。欧洲地区每在出厂三辆车就会有一辆安装了德国马牌轮胎,市场占有率是极其之高的。汽车轮胎注意事项:1、轮胎胎压过高当轮胎的标准气压高过轮胎气压标准的时候会加快轮胎的损坏速率,进而扩大了爆胎的概率。由于胎压过高,胎体帘线支撑力会扩大,促使帘线的疲惫全过程加快。2、轮胎胎压过低轮胎标准气压过低造成爆胎的状况较为非常容易发生在夏天,由于轮胎标准气压过低,提升了胎面与地板磨擦,促使翻转摩擦阻力升高,导致胎体温度大幅度上升,胎面硫化橡胶变松,脆化速率加快,造成胎体部分脱层和胎面损坏加重。参考以上内容百度百科-Continental

求《冰河世纪:大陆漂移》(Ice Age: Continental Drift)高清资源下载或在线观看,要高清的哦

百度 V游网 里面有

南极peninsula 和continental指哪些地方

1、南极半岛 ( Antarctic Peninsula )位于西南极洲,是南极大陆最大、向北伸入海洋最远(南纬63°)的大半岛,东西濒临威德尔海和别林斯高晋海,近海有宽广的大陆架,东侧有菲尔希纳陆缘冰。北隔970千米的德雷克海峡与南美洲相望,南接崎岖的山地和冰雪高原。南极半岛是南极大陆最温暖、降水最多的地方,年雨量可达500-600毫米,局部地方有时能达到900毫米,有“海洋性南极”之称。我国的第一个南极科考站“长城站”就在南极半岛旁的乔治王岛上。2、南极大陆(Antarctic continental)南极大陆是指南极洲除周围岛屿以外的陆地,,位于地球的最南端。面积为1239万平方千米。 南极大陆95%以上的面积为厚度惊人的冰雪所覆盖,素有“白色沙漠”之称。

continent ;peninsula; hour ;这几个英语怎么读?

这几个英语单词怎么读,你可以查一查字典呀,看一看字典里的音标标法,按照音标读就可以了,这里也没有办法发语音,或者常有道词典, 那里面有发音

it is columbus that d the continent of ameri

It is columbus that found the continent of America over 500 years ago美洲大陆乃是500多年前为哥伦布所发现。希望会对你有帮助。

For centuries,people have wondered______ this continent is really like,

A. what 几个世纪来,人们都不清楚大陆原来是什么样的,因为它终年被厚厚的冰层和积雪覆盖。

ancient continent nucleus是什么意思

ancient continent nucleus古陆核

outer continental shelf 是什么意思

大 陆外部的架子 OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELf

continental shelf是什么意思

continental shelf英[ˌkɔntəˈnentl ʃelf]美[ˌkɑntəˈnɛntl: ʃɛlf]n. 大陆架;

Supplementary reading material:Methods of Establishing Paleocontinental Configurations

1. PaleomagnetismAs the tool that led to the confirmation of the theory of continental drift,paleomagnetic studies have formed the core of paleocontinental reconstructions. The basic principle of this approach utilizes the paleomagnetic determination of the location of the rotational axis of the Earth with respect to a continent at the time at which the rocks acquired their magnetic fabric, the Geocentric Axial Dipole hypothesis ( GAD ) . Such information is acquired by collecting oriented rock samples and then measuring the orientation of aligned remanent magnetic fields of mineral particles within the samples. It is accepted as a working hypothesis that the orientation of the remanent magnetic fields within the sample reflects the GAD at the time at which the rock formed,for example,the time at which an igneous or metamorphic rock cooled or the time at which a sediment became lithified to form a rock. The determination of the significance of a magnetization with respect to the crystallization and / or depositional age of a rock is one of the sources of potential uncertainty in the paleomagnetic technique and paleomagneticists have established a host of criteria and tests that are used to evaluate the viability of a particular set of measurements and the significance of the magnetization. These tests are particularly important as overprints and alteration of the original magnetizations can result in spurious and misleading results,particularly in regions that have been affected by superposed tectonic events such as convergent plate margins. An important component of the magnetic fabric is the tilt or inclination of the magnetization relative to a horizontal datum. This is used to infer the paleolatitudinal position of the rock sample at the time of acquisition of magnetization. This too is subject to some uncertainty as a consequence of uncertainties in assignment of proper hemisphere ( northern or southern) and in correcting for paleohorizontal,which generally is not an issue in sedimentary or layered igneous rocks such as lava flows,but becomes problematic in paleomagnetic studies of rocks from plutonic complexes. Recent approaches have attempted to use barometry of the metamorphic aureoles developed around plutons as a means of determining tilt. When,well- defined,chronologically constrained magnetizations can be measured,paleomagnetic data are used to construct the paleopole positions for continents through time and define apparent polar wander paths which allow for comparison of the positions of different continents through time with respect to a common rotational axis. The latter technique places continental motions in a reference frame that allows for quick comparison of relative motions and determination of drift histories. For example,continents that were separate and then collided should have different APWs ( apparent polar wander paths) prior to collision and similarly,continents that were formerly together and have rifted apart should have similar pre-rift APWs. Such a technique allows for the determination of the timing of paleocontinental drift through time and the generation of paleogeographic maps that are well-advanced for most of the Phanerozoic. Such maps are becoming better constrained as the sensitivity of laboratory techniques has increased such that even very weak magnetizations can be measured,making a much wider range of rock types available for magnetic analysis and study. This has lead to a much expanded and improved database from which to test plate reconstructions. The paleomagnetic determination of paleolatitude through time also offers an important framework constraint on climate and climate change. Paleomagnetic studies offer control on recognizing climactic forcing as a consequence of latitudinal drift as distinct from global cooling climate events that may be relatively independent of latitude.There are drawbacks in the paleomagnetic determination of continental configurations that result both from inherent limitations in the resolving power of the data as well as complications introduced by secondary magnetizations. For example, paleomagnetic data are incapable of determining longitude so that an iterative process that evaluates continental reconstructions from the perspective of continental overlap and the assumption of minimum movement are used to resolve the most likely plate configurations. Ambiguity of primary magnetic inclination ( paleolatitude) can arise when the inclination of the original magnetization is changed by tectonic tilting. Consequently,such ambiguities in the paleomagnetic analysis of rocks have led to some of the most enduring ( and evolving) controversies in the geosciences. An additional complication in paleomagnetic analysis arises from overprinting, whereby a rock acquires a secondary magnetization related to a younger magnetization event. This can be a result of metamorphism ( regional or burial) ,proximity to an igneous intrusion,or the passage of fluids at elevated temperatures. The latter process is now widely recognized as an important agent of remagnetization,particularly in sedimentary strata within or adjacent to orogenic belts. While such remagnetizations tend to obliterate or complicate the recognition of primary magnetizations, they are an important means of mapping the distribution and timing of regional fluid events. Determining reliable primary paleopoles and magnetizations in older rocks,particularly those that are Precambrian in age,is difficult due to the longer time available for secondary magnetization events and deformation, as well as the limited chronologic resolution in nonfossiliferous sedimentary rocks. Resolving the absolute age of a magnetic imprint in a rock is a problem that is not limited to the Precambrian. It also becomes an issue in regions in which the rocks may have been remagnetized due to processes that affected them after their formation.2. Biogeography and faunal linksOne of the data sets that first suggested former proximity of now widely separated continental terranes resulted from recognition of faunal similarities between fossil assemblages on disparate continental blocks. Such studies are classic examples that were noted well before paleomagnetic techniques had been developed to confirm these ideas. Geographic restriction of reproductive communication leads to evolutionary isolation within a population of organisms and generates a biogeographic province. The isolation of distinct populations may be by geographic or other physical barriers to faunal dispersal and communication as well as by oceanic circulation,which controls sea water temperature and nutrient levels,and by climate. Although there is a fair bit of imprecision in the biogeographic approach,it is an essential element of determining and testing paleogeographic linkages between continental blocks. Statistical approaches that evaluate faunal similarities / dissimilarities offer one means of a more quantitative evaluation of the degree of faunal endemism. Biogeographic associations can provide control not only on potentially contiguous or adjacent continental masses,but has also been used to constrain the affinities of tracts of accreted crust in mountain belts,which can be characterized by faunal assemblages that are quite distinct relative to the adjacent continent. Changes in the degree of faunal isolation ( endemism) as a function of time are produced by changing continental configurations that bring formerly separated populations within the range of reproductive communication and colonization leading to the change from endemic to more cosmopolitan assemblages. One example is the faunal provinces of eastern Laurentia that maintained a high degree of endemism in the Early Paleozoic when Laurentia was an isolated landmass,but began to develop more cosmopolitan faunas as Iapetus collapsed and barriers between European and Laurentian faunas were removed by tectonic reconfiguration. Improved understanding of the controls on the limits of dispersion and development of unique faunas ( endemism) as well as longitudinal control,may help resolve some of the ambiguity and uncertainty in biogeographic studies. Geochemical analysis,for example,the isotope chemistry of planktonic species such as conodonts and foraminifera,of biogeographic realms can be used as a proxy for mapping distinct water masses and reconstructing ancient circulation patterns and water mass characteristics.3. Abiotic linksThe distribution of climatically and tectonically sensitive rocks of the same or similar age offer a first-order framework for constraining paleomagnetic data and commonly are an excellent approximation of paleogeographic patterns. Examples of climatically sensitive sedimentary strata that are latitudinally restricted in their occurrence include deposits of saline evaporites which can, in association with terrestrial red bed deposits,be used to reconstruct arid continental climate zones. Other deposit types include glaciogenic facies,phosphatic facies ( sensitive indicators of zones of climatic upwelling) ,reef ( coral) bearing carbonates and aeolian sandstones. Recent advances in understanding the details of depositional environments have led to refinement of the paleolatitudinal significance of carbonate rocks with the development of the concept of“cool-water carbonates”.Increasingly,new approaches have been employed in attempts to establish continental configurations,particularly in time intervals where the paleomagnetic data have been strongly affected by younger overprints or where the sensitivity of faunal assemblages is lacking,for example, in the unfossiliferous Precambrian. This is the case for the latest Proterozoic supercontinent Rodinia,which,like its younger analogue Pangea,broke up to form many of the Paleozoic continental landmasses and ocean basins of the Phanerozoic. Paleomagnetic data from this time period ( ca. 800—540 Ma) have been controversial and resulted in a range of different plate reconstructions. Thus reconstruction of this supercontinent has had to rely on alternative techniques,some of which are described below.Orogenic belts commonly have a distinct polarity,restricted range of ages of plutonic and metamorphic activity and linear strike length measured in the hundreds to thousands of kilometers. Orogenic belts,particularly those that formed during continental collisions,can be used as intracontinental piercing points. In the case of Rodinia,a series of contemporaneous papers used the ca. 1. 1-1. 0 Ga Grenville orogenic belt of eastern and southern North America as a piercing point to stitch together many of the constituent Neoproterozoic continental fragments of Rodinia. Like any technique,this one is not without certain caveats and impediments such as poor geochronologic control and the problem that the edges of post-Rodinia continents ( and hence their basement) are obscured beneath the orogenic cover of younger tectonic processes and plate margins.An additional approach is to examine the rock record on different continents for evidence of contemporaneous processes and products that would have occurred at a scale beyond that of the individual continental blocks and could therefore be used to reassemble the now dispersed continental fragments. One example is magmatism associated with continental rifting and break- up. Magmatic rocks such as flood basalts and related mafic igneous rocks form above large asthenospheric plumes,with plume head diameters in excess of 2000 km,are chronologically restricted and really widespread. A classic example from the Phanerozoic is the reconstruction of the pre break-up configuration of Gondwanaland on the basis of the distribution of Jurassic mafic rocks in southern Africa,South America,Antarctica and Australia. In recent years,the improved ability to tightly constrain the age of emplacement or eruption of such igneous rocks using U—Pb geochronology has opened possibilities for Precambrian continental reconstructions. The magmatic rocks that formed during the break up of the western Laurentian component of Rodinia are one possible example. At about 723 Ma and 779 Ma dykes,sills and associated flood basalts of northwestern North America appear to have counterparts in Australia,the conjugate margin to western North America. A recent reconstruction using ca. 2. 45 Ga dykes and mafic magmatic provinces,suggest that this approach will help unravel the older Precambrian continental configurations.A different type of continental overlap offered by magmatic rocks is the presence and isotopic signature of widespread and chronologically restricted ash beds formed by the eruption of silica- rich magmatic centers. A spectacular example is the Ordovician bentonites of northwestern Europe and eastern North America which appear to link these continents in a general way prior to the closure of Iapetus and may also tie western Argentina in at this time interval. Such linkages are smeared somewhat by uncertainties in ash dispersal patterns and the well-known linear continuity of magmatic arcs that could conceivably produce nearly contemporaneous eruptions from a broad line source rather than point source region.Sedimentary provenance can be used in much the same way as faunal assemblages to link now separate continental blocks. A recent example that is germane to the reconstruction of Rodinia comes for the sedimentary strata of the Mesoproterozoic Belt basin of western North America. This tremendous thickness of clastic sedimentary rocks was derived from a source area that presently lies to the west of the plate edge of North America. The identity of that source can be constrained by geochronologic analysis of detrital minerals contained in the sediment fill which is essentially an inventory of the crystallization