同位语前可以加连词吗?请看例句Although primarily a bird of New Zealand’s na

关于英文中的句子组成,及相应学习例句,详细分析如下：
组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分.英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等.
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定.
1、主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当.
He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视.
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征.
一般可分为两类：
1)简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成.
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气.
We study for the peo'ple.我们为人民学习.
2)复合谓语：情态动词＋不定式
I can speak a little Eng'lish.我可以说一点英语.
3、表语
表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态.一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当.
My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士.
4、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等.
We like English.我们喜欢英语.
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语.
He gave me some ink.他给了我一点墨水.
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语.如：
We make him our monitor.我们选他当班长.
5、定语
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语.
用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等.形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面.
He is a new student.他是个新生.
但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后.
The bike in the room is mine.房间里的自行车是我的.
6、状语
修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语.用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等.状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾.副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首.
He lives in London.他住在伦敦.

I saw an old person who are very ugly yesterday
saw是谓语,very ugly从句里的表语,an old person是宾语.old是定语.yesterday是时间状语.

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So far all cloned animals have suffered from different serious disordeds,many of them dying soon after birth.
many of them是独立分词结构的逻辑主语them指cloned animals,dying表逻辑主语行为,整个独立分词结构做主句的伴随状况
用whom要把独立分词结构改成定语从句,many of whom die soon after birth.
which和that 不能指代cloned animals

同位语属于句子次要成分.它有时候被看作一种特殊的定语,表示名词事物的另一个名称.
同位语跟句子同等成分没有任何关系.同等成分是两个或者两个以上互相有并列联系、起相同句法作用的句子成分.

告诉你我总结出来的经典经验（我曾经是英语四级老师哦）.
同位语和定语从句的区别.
同位语将句子拆分后有主语,定语从句则没有.
例如：（1）The rule that everyone should arrive here at 5:00 makes me uncomfortable.
（2）the rule that i have to follow makes me uncomfortable.
第一句是同位语,英语将句子拆分后为：the rule 和 everyone should arrive here at 5:00."everyone should arrive here at 5:00."是一个完整的句子.
第二句是定语从句,因为将句子拆分后为：the rule 和 i have to follow.‘i have to follow'.follow什么?可见他没有宾语.
所以,从我的经验来看,要区别同位语和定语从句,这要记住以上一点就行了,动了这个原则无论是改写还是辨认,应该没有问题.

宾语从句放在一个及物动词后面.
定语从句放在一个名词后面,修饰这个名词.
主语从句放在句首（有时是it作形式主语,这时真正的主语从句往往在句末）.
同位语从句放在一个名词后面,解释说明这个名词.
状语从句一般放在动词后面,如果放在句首,则要与其他部分用逗号隔开.

谓语一般都是动词或者是动词性词组,长位于主语之后
宾语一般是名词,或者名词性词组,还有人,常谓语动词之后
表语一般是形容词,或者是形容词性短语
定语是用来说明事物的,一般是名词性之前或之后
补语是用来补充说明事情的发展的
状语一般是副词,或者副词性短语充当,说明现在的一种状态
同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,地位和主语、宾语是一样的,他们之间常用逗号隔开

同位语,指的是同一个人,而定语强调的是修饰,你是这理解一下,即使是The local butcher Sam Benton,也应该理解成同位语,例如,my brother Tome与Tom,my brother,

没见过something后面直接接that等同位语从句,一般这种用法是
“something like that”后可以接同位语从句或者“something such as”
这样更准确些

不是同位语从句,就是定语从句.不融化和不潮湿都是修饰ice,只不过是并列的而已,就像我们同时用性质相同的两个形容词修饰一个名词的道理一样.

首先人称是宾语要用whom
指代的东西是他说的话所以用it
固只能选D定语从句结构

这里的ball game应该是ball games吧,
同位语是前面和后面的两个一样,但sports和ball game是不一样的东西,

表示时间,地点,方式,原因,状态,程度等的词或者词组是状语用于系动词后的词或者词组是表语.补充说明名词的词或者词语是同位语

why引导的同位语从句不能使先行词是reason的情况.problem做先行词没问题的.
请参考：

状语 就是副词 状语从句 就是副词从句 原因 结果 时间 地点 方式 条件 等等以下为常见的引导词
because ,
when ,
if .
where
定语就是形容词 所以定语从句也叫形容词从句
she is a beatuiful girl .（beautiful 就是定语）
she is the most beautiful girl ( that) I have ever seen.
I have ever seen 就是定语从句 修饰girl
同位语是对前面的词 同位解释的.两者是一回事.
The guy, a teacher, is my neighbour.
1The news that i will go abroad is known by everyone.
2The news (that) i knew is know by everyone too.
1 是同位语从句
2 是定语从句
判断方式
1 同位语 the news 和 后面的事 是一个东西 即 news 就是 我要出国；我要出国就是 news

2 that 在同位语从句中 只是引导词 在从句中 不做任何成分 不能省略
that 在定语从句中 做成分 如果作为宾语可省略
如例句2 that 作为定语从句的引导词 代替从句 i knew （the news）中的 news
因为作宾语 可以省略

表语跟在系动词后面,系动词加表语等于谓语,they are student.表语是告诉我们主语＂是什么＂＂怎么样＂的作用.student就是表语.表语和宾语的区分重点在知道什么是系动词.
定语就是形容词的作用,修饰名词或代词.如she is a lovely girl.love就是定语.
状语要和定语区分,两个都是修饰的词,但状语修饰形容词,动词,副词,一般状语以副词或者介宾短语形式出现,而定语以形容词形式出现.如,i live in China.in China就是状语.tonight is quietly,quietly就是状语.
宾语就是跟在谓语后面的名词或代词如it,he,等.举个例句：i like englih.like谓语,english宾语.
宾语补足语就是补充说明宾语的,有动词不定式,i tell him to have lunch .to have lunch就是宾补的成分.有ing形式或过去分词,do you smell something buring.buring为宾补成分.有名词形式,they call him Jay.jay为宾补成分.有介词形式,i found him in good condition.in good condition为宾补成分.
同位语即同指一个名词的成分.she is our new teacher,miss gao.new teacher和miss gao是同位语.

非常感谢楼主这么热心回答我的问题.

Human have to accept the truth that the earth is getting warmer and warmer because of the greenhouse effect.

你的老师的说法是错的.同位语从句与定语从句经常被用来做比较,因为二者有很多的相似性.但也有很多不同,其中一个不同就是同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限,而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛.
所以同位语从句,就是用一个句子表述一个名词的具体内容.但不是所有的名词的具体内容都能一句话说清,如桌子、椅子、人之类的.一般能跟同位语从句的名词为：hope, wish, idea, news, fact , promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等

why引导定语从句,先行词只有一个,就是The reason
如：
The reason why he was late was that he got up late this morning.
而why引导同位语从句,一般只在have no idea之类的句式中出现.
如：
I have no idea why he was late.
其实,在这种句式中have no idea=don't know的意思.
所以,有些语法书上并不把这类从句算作同位语从句的.

这里tous是个泛指形容词复数,comptes是阳性名词复数,faits和refaits是faire和refaire动词的分词做形容词,所以这里是没有语法错误的.

定语从句 是对前面的名词起限定作用（也有非限定的） 定 就是限定的意思 定语从句的的关系词 在定语从句中要充当 句子成分 that引导的定从 that是关系代词 在定从中作主语 宾语或表语.如the news that his father died made him sad.他爹死的消息 使他伤心.这是同位语从句 消息 和他爹死 指的是一回事 他爹死 就是消息本身 that后面的从句 句子完整 the news that he told me made me sad.他告诉我的消息使我伤心 .这是定语从句 消息 和他告诉我的 是限定关系 说明消息是他告诉我的消息 而不是从别处得到的消息.that从句中缺直接宾语 故that作从句中told 的直接宾语你的第二个问题不需要回答 同位语在句子中 就是同位语 同位语本身就是一种句子成分

你是要例子吧；
1 To say something is one thing,to do is another thing.
2.She offered to go with us.
3.The problem is how to organize the work
等 更多例子给我邮箱我发给你 ,还有加分哦.

同位语的构成
1．名词及其短语（有时有逗号隔开）
A．George Bush,the present American president,was the governor of the state of Texas．
B．I want very much to read these new novels,especially the one you mentioned．
2．动名词短语（有逗号隔开）
A．He enjoys the exercise,swimming in winter．
B．Asking him to join us,that's a good idea．
3．不定式短语（有时有逗号隔开）
A．There is one thing he'll never do—tell lies．
B．The question what to do next hasn't been considered．
4．形容词及其短语（有逗号隔开）
A．He,short and thin,is unfit for the job．
B．All the countries,big or small,are equal．
5．介词短语（有时有逗号隔开）
As the head of the company,he had to explain what had happened．＝He,the head of the company,had to ex- plain what had happened．
6．名词性从句（其前面的先行词一般都带有定冠词the）.这样的先行词有fact,news,truth,knowledge,idea,hope,question,problem,assumption等.例如：
A．You have yet to answer my question whether you can lend me your bike．
B．They had to face the fact that the nearest filling station is 30kilometers away．

一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语.同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致,并常常紧挨在一起.1.由两个或两个以上同一层次的语言单位组成的结构,其中前项与后项所指相同,句法功能也相同,后项是前项的同位语.Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好.our new teacher是主词Mr.Smith的同位语,指同一人.Yesterday I met Tom,a friend of my brother's.昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆.a friend of my brother's是受词Tom的同位语,指同一人.2.如同位语与其同位成分关系紧密时不用逗点隔开;如同位语对其同位成分只作补充解释时可用逗点隔开.He himself told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor.他本人对我讲,他的兄长约翰是一位世界闻名的医生.himself和John都是单一的字作同位语,与其同位成分之间不用逗点隔开.Yesterday I talked to my English teacher,Mr.James.昨天我与我的英语老师詹姆斯先生谈过了.同位语Mr.James补充解释my English teacher,同位语与其同位成分之间可用逗点隔开.3.同位语除表示其同位成分的全部意义外,还可以表示部分意义.We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.我们中国人民是勤劳勇敢的.He is interested in sports,especially ball games.他喜欢运动,特别是球类运动.同位从句一般跟在某些名词如answer(答案),hope(希望),fact(事实),belief (信仰),news(消息),idea(主意；观念),promise(承诺),information(信息),conclusion(结论),order(命令),suggestion(建议),problem(问题),thought (想法)等后面.例如：He always works hard even if he knows the fact that he is not in good health.His failure was due to the fact that he had not practised for a long time.I had no idea that you were here.She told us her hope that she would become a pianist.He made a promise that he would never come late.注意：that 既可引导同位语从句又可引导定语从句,其区别在于：同位语从句由连接词that引导,连接词that本身无意义,在同位语从句中不充当任何成分,不可省略,不可以用其他词替代；定语从句由关系代词that引导,关系代词that在从句中充当一定的成分,作宾语时可省略,由when,why,where引导的 同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于：同位语从句由连接副词只起连接作用,没有指代作用； 定语从句由关系副词引导,关系副词具有指代先行词的作用,常用一个介词加关系代词替换.例如:I will never forget the day when we first met.（同位语从句,when为连接词） That is the special day (which/that) I will never forget.（定语从句,which/that为关系副词） This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago.（同位语从句,where为连接词） This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago.（定语从句,where为关系副词）

补语吧.不是同位语,如果是同位语的话,同位语是 一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语.同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致.you 是名词.all是形容词 是副词 是代词.

首先,came是主句的谓语,看整个的句意就知道that从句说明的是news的内容,是起进一步的解释和说明的作用,所以是同位语从句.
其次,come是不及物动词,其后不带宾语,也就不可能是宾语从句.
最后,that没有紧跟着其先行词news之后,是被came分割开来,出现谓语前置,这是为了保持句子平衡避免头重脚轻.

给你举两个例子体会一下:
The reason why he didn't open the door was that the door was locked.
The reason that he replied to the customer by email is unacceptable.
有时候不要过于死扣语法,多阅读,多体会语境,在考试做题的时候帮助很大.

定语从句.
后面的both sides will sit down together and talk 修饰前面的point,在这里起定语作用.
that 引导后面非限制性定语从句.
where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句
所以就选A啦.
附:同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）,而同位语从句中的that是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分.
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明.例如：
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国.）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语）
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的.）（同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分）

同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词?而定语从句的先行词可以是名词?代词?主句的一部分或是整个主句?如:
The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性?(同位语从句)
We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题?(同位语从句)
Word came that he had been abroad.据说他已经出国了?(同位语从句)
Our team has won the game,which made us very happy.我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴?(定语从句)
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位医生在房间里面?(定语从句)
His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习?(定语从句,代词all作先行词?)
　　2.从性质上区别
　　定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴?如:
The news that our team has won the game was true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的?(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息?)
The news that he told me yesterday was true.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的?(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?)
I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有?(同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言?)
The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺?(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语?)
　　3.从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
　　有些引导词如how,whether,what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句?如:
That question whether we need it has not been considered.我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑?(同位语从句)
I have no idea what has happened to him.我不知道他发生了什么事?(同位语从句)
　　引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略?that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替?如:
The order that we 焥hould send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了?(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略?)
The order 焧hat we received yesterday was that we 焥hould send a few people to help the other groups.我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组?(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略?)
最后我们在一起来做三道练习题:
1.Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.(2004上海春季高考)
A.which B.that
C.what D.whether
2.The other day,my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.(2004上海春季高考)
A.as B.which
C.what D.that
3.Luckily,we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.(2004北京春季高考)
A.it B.that
C.this D.which
答案:1.B 2.B 3.D

是,可以这样理解.

一般放在人称代词之后,如I myself want to go on a picnic,He himself does it alone
做同位语的反身代词就是强调的作用,他亲自做作业为He himself does the homework.himself就有（他）亲自之意,还有疑问吗,我会补充的

这个不是定语从句,是同位语
因为定语从句一定是缺一种成分的,比如缺主语、缺宾语等等,
而这句话的 that 后面跟的是一整句话,不缺任何成分,所以是同位语从句.

一：这是看从句（一般为定语从句）的先行词在句子中做的成分.做撒成分.用撒格
二：第一个方法.看that在从句中做不做成分.做就是定语从句.不是就是同位语从句
第二个方法,在that前加上一个be动词.如果和先行词构成表语从句.那么就是同位语从句.如果不是个句子,则是定语从句
第三个：看that后的句子完不完整.完整就是同位语从句.不完整就是定语从句
第四个：同位语从句前一般是抽象名词（如fact等）
三：形式宾语就是为了避免宾语太长.就用it做形式宾语,后面的从句,或不定式做真真的宾语.具体结构是主语+谓语+it+宾补+that/to do
比如I find it difficult to study English.
I would appreciate it that you help me.
it 均做形式宾语

一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语.
你的说法不完全正确.

同位语,宾语,主语和表语从句都使名词性从句以下为区别.
主语从句
主语从句(Subject Clause)
主语从句 定义:在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句.
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾.
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化.而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that.被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom.例如：
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is ＋形容词＋从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) it ＋不及物动词＋从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
(4) it is＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首.
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如：
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如：
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如：
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前.例如：
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语．宾语．表语,而that 则不然.例如：
What you said yesterday is right.
二：宾语从句的几个特征：1、引导词：whatwhichwhosewhenwhetherifwhere
2语序：宾语从句必须是用陈述语句.
如：I think that you must work harder.
宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区别、否定转移等现象.
(1)表达时间的几个句型：一般用when或者是what time：
What time will the train leave?
由于时刻都是固定的,也可以用一般现在时代替一般将来时：
What time does the train leave?
(2)时间的表达方式：8：19(nineteen past eight),7:57(three to eight),在时间的中间也可以加上分的单词(minutes)
(3)had better +动词原型.意思是提要求,建议.但是上下级不能用这种方式,因为语气太重：
You had better give up smoking .
(4)sb leave sth +地点
I left my book in my classroom yesterday.
(5)may I have your name(addressage)?一般询问对方的年龄、名字等,不要习惯以前的问法,这样很不礼貌,而是要采访上面的问法.以前的习惯是：how old are you? what's your name?
(6)修饰名词的代词次序：限-描-大-形---年---颜----籍----物--------类+名词：
this is a bridge.
This is a beautiful bridge
表语从句
表语从句
一 定义：
A 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语.说明主语是什么或者怎么[1]样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语.
The problem is puzzling.
这问题令人困惑
主语 连系动词 形容词作表语
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
问题是,当我们可以得到加薪.
主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句
B 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,
whether,how.
He has become a teacher.
他已经成为一名教师.
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
他已经成为了他10年前想成为的.
She has remained there for an hour.
她曾在那里停留了一个小时.
She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时.
His suggestion is good.
他的建议是好的.
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
他的建议是,我们应该保持冷静.
The question is confusing.
这个问题令人困惑.
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
问题是,他什么时候可以到达酒店.
who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.谁与我明天将前往北京.
why he cried yesterday.
昨天他为什么哭.
how I can persuade her to join us in the party.
我怎么能说服她加入我们的派对.
whether the enemy is marching towards us.
是否敌人正向我们行进.
二 注意：
A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序.
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
B 不可以用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）.
引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether
位于句首时要用whether
引导表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句时要用whether
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.
C 不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致.
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D that在表语从句中不可以省掉.
表语从句的基本用法
表语从句只能置于主句之后,而主句的动词只能是联系动词.
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句, 例如： The problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西.(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)// The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的.(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)// What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本.(what在主语从句中作直接宾语, that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分, 不能省略)// That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的.(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)// That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因.(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)
注意： “That is why...”是常用句型, 意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”, 其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语, 该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结, 又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮, 这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因.(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异, 说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后,用这一句来进行概括).// That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因.
下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构, 它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：
(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义, 只不过从语法结构上讲, “That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句, 将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样, 例如：
That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由.
(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语, 这也是个常用句型, 意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”.“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由, “That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果, 例如：
He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影, 那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业.(第一句话说明结果, 第二句话说明原因)
He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看过那部电影, 因此他昨天晚上没有去看.(第一句话说明原因, 第二句话说明结果)

同位语从句
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句.它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容.如：
I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息.
I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里.
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words（消息）,possibility等.如：
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了.
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that,whether,连接副词 how,when,where等.（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句.）如：
l have no idea when he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来.
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题.
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开. 如：
Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．
几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们.
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了.
五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别.
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况.如：
The news that l have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的.
（同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容.）
The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的.
（定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息.）
2、关系词在句中是否做成分 .如：
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇.（that在从句中不充当任何成份.）
The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊.
（that在从句中作gave的宾语.）
3、从句是否有疑问的意义.如：
eg.Do you remember the day when i told you that i loved you?(when引导的从句不表示疑问,所以这是一个定语从句.）
eg.I have asked the question why it was true just now.(why引导的从句表示疑问,所以这是一个同位语从句.）
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词(或其它形
式)就是同位语.同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致,并常常紧挨在一起.
宾语从句
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态.

1.连接词
连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人）
1．从句为陈述句,常选择连接词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连.
2．从句为一般疑问句,常选择连接词if或whether.在 whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换.
3．从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词.
注意：当who为主语时,句式为：who+谓语+其他

2.判断时态情况：
1.主句是一般现在时,从句为各种时态情况.
2.主句是一般过去时,从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实,用一般现在时.
eg:
1. The teacher told the children that the sun＿＿＿＿ round.
A. was B. is C. were D. are
2. I believe that our team＿＿＿＿ the basketball match.
A. win B. won C. will win D. wins
3. I don’t know＿＿＿＿ to visit the old man.
A. whether B. if C. that D. who
4.The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school.
A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where
答：选B,动词reach后接宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,where不可,which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义,不知道哪一座庙宇,而是用what从句表陈述含义,意“过去的一座旧庙宇”；temple后为对其修饰的定语从句,用关系代词which代替,并在从句中作动词used的宾语,use sth. as…“把…用作…
宾语从句用作宾语.如：
Do you know where he lives?
定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面的名词.如：
The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是John.
This is the man whom he is looking for.
Do you know the girl who is in red?
语法~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
宾语从句的用法
1.that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略.但下列情况除外：
（1）介词宾语从句的that不省略
（2） and连接的几个从句,第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略.
He told me that he had two sons and that they both had gone to college.
（3）在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中,that不省略.
I heard it said that he had gone abroad
We found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time
2.Whether ,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换,但是下列情形除外：
（1）whether从句中有or not
（2）whether从句做介词宾语
Everything depends on whether you agree with us
3.许多带复合宾语的句子,宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it做形式宾语.结构常是：
主语+动词+it+形容词/名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句
We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone
4.宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序
False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语

同位语从句是指在复合句中跟在名词后面,充当名词的同位语的从句,它是对前面的名词起到解释和说明的作用.同位语从句常位于news,idea,fact,thought,problem,answer,belief,possibility,plan,suggestion,promise,teport,question,truth,proof,order,hope,information...等的名词后面.
同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较固定,把关键的几个词背下来.
下面这个材料供参考.
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句.它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容.如：
I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息.
I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里.
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有new,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word（消息）,possibility等.如：
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了.
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that,whether,连接副词 how,when,where等.（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句.）如：
He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题.
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开.如：
Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．
几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们.
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了.
五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别.
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况.如：
The news that l hove passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的.
（同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容.）
The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的.
（定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息.）
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等.如：
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇.（that在从句中不充当任何成份.）
The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊.
（that在从句中作gave的宾语.）

It is. that.
强调句型“就是.”
在此强调的是时间状语“刚刚”.
我就是刚刚才发现科学真的很难.
PS：我对此句的时态持怀疑态度

额..不晓得怎么说..
举个例子
The thing itself is not important.
Do you like the job itself?
多看看句子就有语感了,语法神马的不能光看..

1.这不是一个同位语从句,而是一个定语从句,that typically has no symptoms是a condition的定语从句.
2.事实上是a condition做前面的句子中表语成分having low iron reserves的同位语
3.判断同位语从句很简单,你看that在从句中是否充当句子成分,如果不充当任何句子成分（也就是说从句中不缺少任何句子成分）,那从句就是同位语从句,如果充当句子成分,那就应该考虑是不是有一个定语从句修饰限定原句子中已经存在的同位语了.
4.

Liming,my best friend,lost the race.
Bill,a great writer,took first prize for his book.
his shirt which is very dirty nearly blinded me.
I like the school's newest building,which will be our dormitoy.
Cindy took the money which was given to her mother to the bank.

正确，about 关于

在句中作定语,修饰前面的名词baby,相当于who was crying.
亲：每天都开心V_V!
thanks!

不能
同位语是同位语 强调句是强调句
这两个是不同的

但是,定语从句前有相应的先行词,分别为表示时间、地点和原因状语的名词,而（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句.）如：l have no idea When he

同位语就是并列关系
比如说:
The news that he died struck us .这里的news和he died 就是并列关系,消息的内容就是他死了.而that 就是起连接这两个关系的连词.这是一种情况.
还有一种就是职位,名称,头衔等的同位,比如说:
Mr Yu,the English teacher in our class,is very kind.
这句说明Mr Yu就是我们班的英语老师.是同位关系.
这你应该能懂吧,没懂就联系我,我再详细给你讲.

只能是that