background information是什么意思

楼主阿,您是准备考美国吗?
SAT考试介绍：
The SAT is a globally recognized college admission test that lets you show colleges what you know and how well you can apply that knowledge.It tests your knowledge of reading,writing and math — subjects that are taught every day in high school classrooms.Most students take the SAT during their junior or senior year of high school,and almost all colleges and universities use the SAT to make admission decisions.
Taking the SAT is the first step in finding the right college for you — the place where you can further develop your skills and pursue your passions.But SAT scores are just one of many factors that colleges consider when making their admission decisions.High school grades are also very important.In fact,the combination of high school grades and SAT scores is the best predictor of your academic success in college.
The SAT Reasoning Test (formerly Scholastic Aptitude Test and Scholastic Assessment Test) is a standardized test for college admissions in the United States.The SAT is owned,published,and developed by the College Board,a non-profit organization in the United States.It was formerly developed,published,and scored by the Educational Testing Service which still administers the exam.The College Board claims the test can assess a student's readiness for college.The test was first introduced in 1901,and its name and scoring have changed several times.
The current SAT Reasoning Test,introduced in 2005,takes three hours and forty-five minutes,and costs $45 ($71 International),excluding late fees.Possible scores range from 600 to 2400,combining test results from three 800-point sections (math,critical reading,and writing).
The Journal of Personality and Social Psychology书籍介绍：
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology publishes papers in all areas of personality and social psychology and emphasizes empirical reports,but may include specialized theoretical,methodological,and review papers.
The journal is divided into three independently edited sections.
Attitudes and Social Cognition addresses those domains of social behavior in which cognition plays a major role,including the interface of cognition with overt behavior,affect,and motivation.
Among topics covered are the formation,change,and utilization of attitudes,attributions,and stereotypes,person memory,self-regulation,and the origins and consequences of moods and emotions insofar as these interact with cognition.
Of interest also is the influence of cognition and its various interfaces on significant social phenomena such as persuasion,communication,prejudice,social development,and cultural trends.
Interpersonal Relations and Group Processes focuses on psychological and structural features of interaction in dyads and groups.
Appropriate to this section are papers on the nature and dynamics of interactions and social relationships,including interpersonal attraction,communication,emotion,and relationship development,and on group and organizational processes such as social influence,group decision making and task performance,intergroup relations and aggression,prosocial behavior and other types of social behavior.
Personality Processes and Individual Differences publishes research on all aspects of personality psychology.It includes studies of individual differences and basic processes in behavior,emotions,coping,health,motivation,and other phenomena that reflect personality.
Articles in areas such as personality structure,personality development,and personality assessment are also appropriate to this section of the journal,as are studies of the interplay of culture and personality and manifestations of personality in everyday behavior.
The American Journal of Psychiatry书籍介绍：
The American Journal of Psychiatry (AJP) is the official journal of the American Psychiatric Association (APA),the 3rd (out of 94) psychiatric journal by impact factor,and the most widely read and cited psychiatric journal in the world.It covers topics on biological psychiatry,treatment innovations,and forensic,ethical,economic,and social issues.Official APA reports appear from time to time.The AJP is published monthly,using a peer-review process.In addition to articles,it publishes letters to the editor and book reviews.
The first volume was issued in 1844,at which time it was known as the American Journal of Insanity.The title changed to the current form with the July issue of 1921.