非正式文体You don’t have to变为正式问题it is adj to do.形容词用哪个合适?

下载有道词典 就能翻译准确

习惯用语而已,同样是man 但是表达的意思又不太一样,Hey man,多数是黑人会那么说,有brother(兄弟)的意思,因为英文中需要主语,列如中文中的这"家伙“,又比如”你“ 好.Oh man,这个man主要是加强语气,没有什么实际意思,比如中文中的,Oh," 擦” .

"You quarrel and then, if I do not do their homework in!" I roared forward, homeopathy should still be done plot mode squeezed a few drops of tears. Oh, this mode is really useful, Mom and Dad hurriedly said: "okay, okay, we do not quarrel, and you hurry to do work there." I said: "Then you have to do that we three together Gogo little finger, and deceptive is a dog," said, we all laughed.
I remember once at home, I was doing homework, I suddenly heard voices outside the quarrel was originally my father and mother, where they are to a minor quarrel. At that time I may Huang Leshen, ran out when the Quanjia messenger. , Said: "Mom and Dad Yeah, on the 1st marital day-yan, a total of ten years of cultivation bed pillow, you have a husband and wife pull fourteen years, how the tragedy are still here to go." Result was that I had one father said: "Here you do not, ah Guaier Zi to the house to do work," the mother is also next to the perfunctory. No I can not make this a fight the spread of smoke and then continues, there is no way in I had to use my stream of killer.

1
书下注解原话

　　非正式群体是指人们在交往中以情感成分为主要调节机制而自发形成的群体.非正式群体是指有相同或相近的年龄和共同的兴趣爱好、或对某种事物情感共鸣、或从事某种活动利益一致而相互吸引的学生自发结伴而成的群体,...

imformal
sad
combination
quarrel
surgery,treatment
keep carrying out
set up,found.establish
can be cured
causes
aim

My name’s William Kremer and over the next three weeks, I’m going to be telling you how to invite people to do things and say yes or no to other people’s invitations. And today we’re looking at informal invitations, and in particular, how to ask someone whether he or she would like to go for a pint. 我是William Kremer,接下来的三个星期,我会教大家怎样(用英语)向别人发出邀请以及在收到邀请后怎样拒绝或是接受. 今天我们将学习非正式的邀请,特别是开口问某人是否愿意跟你go for a pint. If you live in the UK, or have ever been to the UK, then you must know what I mean by ‘a pint’. I mean, a glass of beer, usually served in a pub: a pint of beer. We also often say ‘a drink’ to mean an alcoholic drink such as beer. 假如你住在英国或者是曾经到过英国,那你一定知道我所说的‘a pint’是什么意思. ‘a pint’是一杯啤酒,酒吧通常有售：一品脱啤酒. 我们也会称之为“a drink”,指的是酒类,如啤酒. So, let’s imagine that it’s five o’clock on a Friday and you’ve had a hard week and it’s time for a pint. What’s a good way of asking other people if they’d like a drink too? Well, in the next clip, Diarmuid is going to invite Catherine out for a pint. 那让我们来假设一下,现在是周五下午五点,辛苦了一个礼拜,应该是去喝一杯的时候啦. 询问别人是否也想去喝一杯的最好方式是什么呢? 嗯,在接下来的录音中,Diarmuid 就在邀请Catherine 去喝一杯. See if you can hear what words Diarmuid uses to do this. 看看你能不能听出来Diarmuid都用了哪些表达. Diarmuid: Catherine, I’m just going for a drink after work this evening - do you fancy a pint? 今晚下班后我想去喝酒,想要来一杯吗? Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 哦,想呢! William: Diarmuid asks, ‘Do you fancy a pint?’ Diarmuid 问：‘Do you fancy a pint?’ In British English, if you ‘fancy’ something, it means that right now you want to have it. 在英国英语中,假如你fancy某东西,也就是说,此刻你就想得到那种东西. For example, ‘I fancy an ice cream’, ‘I fancy a hamburger’ 例如,“我想吃冰淇淋；我想吃汉堡”. Diarmuid: Catherine, I’m just going for a drink after work this evening - do you fancy a pint? 同. Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 重复. William: Catherine says that she’d love a pint, so she’s agreeing to go for a drink with Diarmuid. Catherine 说,她想喝一杯,也就是说她答应与Diarmuid一起去喝酒. Now let’s hear another way of inviting someone out for a pint: 现在来听一下另外一种邀请某人去喝酒的方式. Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? Catherine,下班后打算去喝一杯吗? William: Diarmuid asked Catherine if she was ‘up for a pint’. Diarmuid在问Catherine她是否‘up for a pint". Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? 同. William: If someone is up for something, it often means that he or she would like to do something or try something. This is a common expression in spoken English. 假如某个人up for something（打算做某事）,实际是在说他/她想做某事. 这是英语口语中较常见的表达. Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? 同. William: OK, let’s look at a third way of inviting someone out for a pint. 好了,来看看第三种邀请别人外出喝酒的方式： Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想喝一杯吗? William: In this situation, if you feel like something, you fancy it. And so the question for Diarmuid is, ‘Do you feel like a pint?’ 这里,假如你feel like某事/某物,即,你想要做某事或得到某物. Diarmuid需要回答的问题是：‘Do you feel like a pint?’——你想去喝一杯吗? Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? 同. William: Now, see if you can hear a difference between the following sentences: 现在来看一下你能否听出以下句子的异同. Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? 你想来喝一杯吗,Catherine? Diarmuid: Do you feel like going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想去喝酒吗? William: Well, the second sentence features a gerund - ‘going’. We can use gerunds to talk about activities instead of objects. The activity we’re talking about here is going for a pint. Listen again. 嗯,第二个句子里面出现了动名词going. 我们用动名词来表示做某事而不是特指某物. 这里说的事情是去喝酒. 再来听一次： Diarmuid: Do you feel like going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,你想去酒吗? William: In this situation, Diarmuid can choose whether to talk about the pint itself - ‘Do you feel like a pint’ - or the activity of going for a pint - ‘Do you feel like going for a pint?’ 在这里,Diarmuid可以选择特指酒本身（‘Do you feel like a pint’）也可以指去喝酒这件事“Do you feel like going for a pint?” But, sometimes we don’t have a choice. 但有的时候,我们没有选择的余地. For example, we can’t say ‘Do you feel like a museum?’ because you can’t buy a museum! So we would have to say ‘Do you feel like going to a museum with me?’ There are also gerund forms for the other questions we’ve heard: 比如,我们不可以说“你想要一个博物馆吗?或是你不能买一个博物馆!” 正确的表达应该是“你想跟我去博物馆?” 我们听到的另外一个问句中也出现了动名词： Diarmuid: Do you fancy going for a pint, Catherine? Diarmuid: Are you up for going for a pint, Catherine? 同. 重复. William: Now sometimes, in very informal situations like this, you don’t even have to ask a question in order to invite people to do something. What do I mean? 有时候,在像这样的正式场合中,邀请别人的时候,你甚至什么都不用问. 什么意思呢? Well, listen to the following conversation. Diarmuid has just finished working… 呵,来听以下的对话. Diarmuid刚刚做完手头的事情. Diarmuid: Right, that’s me finished! I think I might go down the bar for a pint… 啊,我搞定了. 我也许会去酒吧喝一杯. Catherine: I’m up for that! 我正打算去! William: Diarmuid tells everyone that he’s going to the bar. He hasn’t asked them if they want to come, but it’s clear that they can come if they want. And, as it happens, Catherine is up for it. Diarmuid告诉大家他要去酒吧. 他并没有问是否有人也要去,但是很明显,想去的自然会有所反应. 果不其然, Catherine也正想着要去. Diarmuid: Right, that’s me finished! I think I might go down the bar for a pint… 同. 重复. Catherine: I’m up for that! 同. William: Now, a quick word about accepting invitations. At the start of the programme, we heard Catherine say yes like this: 现在,来快速地提一下怎样接受邀请. 在节目一开始,我们听见了 Catherine说了像这样的话： Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 哦,想来一杯! William: But if Catherine’s being asked to do an activity, the response is slightly different: 但是如果是 Catherine被邀请去做某事呢?反应可能会稍微有点不同. Diarmuid: Do you fancy going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想去喝一杯吗? Catherine: Ooh I’d love to, what time? 哦,想去!什么时候? William: If we’re talking about activities, we should say ‘I’d love to’ not ‘I’d love one’. There are lots of other ways of accepting invitations. 如果说的是某种活动/事情,我们应该用用的表达是：‘I’d love to’而不是‘I’d love one’. 接受邀请的表达还有很多. She could say something like: Catherine: That’d be fun. 她可以这样回应： 会挺有趣的! William: Or she could say: 或者是： Catherine: That sounds lovely. 听起来好极了! William: Or she could just say: 或者她也可以说： Catherine: OK, cool. 好哇!棒极了! William: Now if you’ve been listening to this programme and you’ve been thinking, ‘But I don’t like beer!’ well, we’re going to be looking at the more complicated business of saying ‘no’ to invitations in a separate programme. But, for today that’s me finished. I think I might go down the bar for a pint…. 如果你一直在收听本节目并且你琢磨着不喜欢啤酒的话该怎么应对,嗯,我们会在另一期节目中介绍更为复杂的拒绝邀请的表达. 但是,今天我就不再多说啦/到此为止.

正式 hope this e-mail finds well, I look forward to talking with you soon,Kindest regards,Sincerely.
非正式 See you real soon,Love you.Will talk to you later.

这个符号来源于日文.
日语字母表没有这个东西,“々”不是一个音,是一个叠字符号,佐々木=佐佐木,表示两个相同汉字的重叠.当两个相同汉字相连时,为了书写上的简便,常用这个字（符号）来代替.
日文其实是从中文演变过去的,日本人总想方设法搞成与中文不一样,要创造一些特别的东西出来,这可能也是其中之一吧.
鲁迅与周作人、郭沫若、郁达夫等著名作家都为留学日本派,他们都在日本呆过挺长时间,就把这些东西带过来了.时间大致在1900年左右.
我只知道这些了,

正式语言包括正式书面语以及正式口语.
书面语包含正式书面语以及口语化书面语.
非正式语言包含非正式书面语以及非正式口语.
口语包括正式口语以及非正式口语.

正如C语言已从最早的非正式的K&R标准经过1990 ISO/ANSI
标准再变至1999ISO/ANSI标准一样,本书也是逐渐改变成熟,直到现在的第五版.
和其它版本一样,我的目的一直是创作一本介绍C语言的,启发式的、条理清晰有助学习的书籍.
create an introduction to...：创建一个对...的介绍.后面的that is 是定语从句,修饰introduction

正式用法是用于写作和一些演讲,演说词用的.非正式用法是平常口语用的.写作勉强能用,但最好是能不用就不用的好,写作尽量用正式的好.

Dear xx
i know you want to come to nz tp find a job.it is a good idear.you do not have to worry about someting,just do it.that must be your chance to change your life.
that is a good chance to exercise the faith and become more confident.you can experice the different culture and expand your view.you have to catch the opportunity to touch the different country.
you should make decisions by yourslf,but using sometime to think about your future before you make the final decision.
i can not wait your reply!
Yours sincerely,
XXX

Yours Lucy,一般不这样写.就写成
Yours(再另起一行)
Lucy
这是一种正式的简写,就是yours sincerely,yours kindly,yours truly 省略了后面的形容词.但这种正式的简写,多用于熟人之间.
不会写成同一行.其实
Yours sincerely
Lucy
也就是yours sincerely Lucy.外国人是将署名另起一行的.
当然有的人爱将Yours /Lucy定义为非正式.那只能说是熟人之间的正式写法.因为熟人之间不会写的太客套.

DADACBDBD(adf)(bc)(ac)1 1 1 2 2 122

He said (that) he was a student and（连接两个并列宾语从句） that(不可省) he was learning English.

非正式组织是“正式组织”的对称.最早由美国管理学家梅奥通过“霍桑实验”提出,是人们在共同的工作过程中自然形成的以感情、喜好等情绪为基础的松散的、没有正式规定的群体.

毕竟,牢记的重要性,远胜于浪费时间回答批评,或是沉溺于赞颂.

D

你好!
非正式组织是指伴随着正式组织的运转而形成业务联系,进而业务外联系,促进成员间的相互了解,形成小群体.

“计划跟不上变化,制定根本没有用”这种说法不对.计划是对组织在未来一段时间内的目标和实现目标途径的策划和安排.管理者不论居于什么层次,在什么样的部门负责,都必须做好计划工作.
(1)“计划跟不上变化”主要是由于计划没做好.一个好的计划必须建立在预测的基础上,通过事先估计内外部环境的变化,在一定程度上起到防范风险的作用；同时计划本身具有灵活适应性,可以借助应急计划和滚动计划等方法不断调整计划实施中的偏差,使计划符合实际,从而对企业管理起到指导作用.
(2)计划为促进组织的发展发挥重要作用.①应对变化和不确定性.由于企业所处环境不断变化,为了实现预期目标,主管人员必须对未来的变化进行预测.周密的计划和科学的预测将使得未来的不确定性和风险被降到最低限度.②使组织集中全力于目标.周密的计划有利于使各部门的努力协调一致,有利于推动组织中的全体人员形成一股指向整体目标的合力,产生巨大的整体效应.③使组织的活动经济合理.有利于减少组织活动中的浪费,提高资源的使用效率,从而使得企业以及其它各种组织的活动做到经济合理.④为控制工作的开展提供依据.计划是控制的基础,为有效控制提供了标准和尺度.没有计划,控制工作也将不存在.

代表团同印度文艺界人士在非正式的场合、亲切的气氛中交流了经验
错了表怪我

形容词：
Unofficial 非官方的
Informal /casual 非正式的
副词：
Unofficially
Informally
Casually
** 猫迷英语专家团提供【Real.American.English.】

For an informal dinner invitation:not to early to also not to be late for too long

allroom dancing/Social dance

My name’s William Kremer and over the next three weeks, I’m going to be telling you how to invite people to do things and say yes or no to other people’s invitations. And today we’re looking at informal invitations, and in particular, how to ask someone whether he or she would like to go for a pint. 我是William Kremer,接下来的三个星期,我会教大家怎样(用英语)向别人发出邀请以及在收到邀请后怎样拒绝或是接受. 今天我们将学习非正式的邀请,特别是开口问某人是否愿意跟你go for a pint. If you live in the UK, or have ever been to the UK, then you must know what I mean by ‘a pint’. I mean, a glass of beer, usually served in a pub: a pint of beer. We also often say ‘a drink’ to mean an alcoholic drink such as beer. 假如你住在英国或者是曾经到过英国,那你一定知道我所说的‘a pint’是什么意思. ‘a pint’是一杯啤酒,酒吧通常有售：一品脱啤酒. 我们也会称之为“a drink”,指的是酒类,如啤酒. So, let’s imagine that it’s five o’clock on a Friday and you’ve had a hard week and it’s time for a pint. What’s a good way of asking other people if they’d like a drink too? Well, in the next clip, Diarmuid is going to invite Catherine out for a pint. 那让我们来假设一下,现在是周五下午五点,辛苦了一个礼拜,应该是去喝一杯的时候啦. 询问别人是否也想去喝一杯的最好方式是什么呢? 嗯,在接下来的录音中,Diarmuid 就在邀请Catherine 去喝一杯. See if you can hear what words Diarmuid uses to do this. 看看你能不能听出来Diarmuid都用了哪些表达. Diarmuid: Catherine, I’m just going for a drink after work this evening - do you fancy a pint? 今晚下班后我想去喝酒,想要来一杯吗? Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 哦,想呢! William: Diarmuid asks, ‘Do you fancy a pint?’ Diarmuid 问：‘Do you fancy a pint?’ In British English, if you ‘fancy’ something, it means that right now you want to have it. 在英国英语中,假如你fancy某东西,也就是说,此刻你就想得到那种东西. For example, ‘I fancy an ice cream’, ‘I fancy a hamburger’ 例如,“我想吃冰淇淋；我想吃汉堡”. Diarmuid: Catherine, I’m just going for a drink after work this evening - do you fancy a pint? 同. Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 重复. William: Catherine says that she’d love a pint, so she’s agreeing to go for a drink with Diarmuid. Catherine 说,她想喝一杯,也就是说她答应与Diarmuid一起去喝酒. Now let’s hear another way of inviting someone out for a pint: 现在来听一下另外一种邀请某人去喝酒的方式. Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? Catherine,下班后打算去喝一杯吗? William: Diarmuid asked Catherine if she was ‘up for a pint’. Diarmuid在问Catherine她是否‘up for a pint". Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? 同. William: If someone is up for something, it often means that he or she would like to do something or try something. This is a common expression in spoken English. 假如某个人up for something（打算做某事）,实际是在说他/她想做某事. 这是英语口语中较常见的表达. Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? 同. William: OK, let’s look at a third way of inviting someone out for a pint. 好了,来看看第三种邀请别人外出喝酒的方式： Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想喝一杯吗? William: In this situation, if you feel like something, you fancy it. And so the question for Diarmuid is, ‘Do you feel like a pint?’ 这里,假如你feel like某事/某物,即,你想要做某事或得到某物. Diarmuid需要回答的问题是：‘Do you feel like a pint?’——你想去喝一杯吗? Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? 同. William: Now, see if you can hear a difference between the following sentences: 现在来看一下你能否听出以下句子的异同. Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? 你想来喝一杯吗,Catherine? Diarmuid: Do you feel like going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想去喝酒吗? William: Well, the second sentence features a gerund - ‘going’. We can use gerunds to talk about activities instead of objects. The activity we’re talking about here is going for a pint. Listen again. 嗯,第二个句子里面出现了动名词going. 我们用动名词来表示做某事而不是特指某物. 这里说的事情是去喝酒. 再来听一次： Diarmuid: Do you feel like going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,你想去酒吗? William: In this situation, Diarmuid can choose whether to talk about the pint itself - ‘Do you feel like a pint’ - or the activity of going for a pint - ‘Do you feel like going for a pint?’ 在这里,Diarmuid可以选择特指酒本身（‘Do you feel like a pint’）也可以指去喝酒这件事“Do you feel like going for a pint?” But, sometimes we don’t have a choice. 但有的时候,我们没有选择的余地. For example, we can’t say ‘Do you feel like a museum?’ because you can’t buy a museum! So we would have to say ‘Do you feel like going to a museum with me?’ There are also gerund forms for the other questions we’ve heard: 比如,我们不可以说“你想要一个博物馆吗?或是你不能买一个博物馆!” 正确的表达应该是“你想跟我去博物馆?” 我们听到的另外一个问句中也出现了动名词： Diarmuid: Do you fancy going for a pint, Catherine? Diarmuid: Are you up for going for a pint, Catherine? 同. 重复. William: Now sometimes, in very informal situations like this, you don’t even have to ask a question in order to invite people to do something. What do I mean? 有时候,在像这样的正式场合中,邀请别人的时候,你甚至什么都不用问. 什么意思呢? Well, listen to the following conversation. Diarmuid has just finished working… 呵,来听以下的对话. Diarmuid刚刚做完手头的事情. Diarmuid: Right, that’s me finished! I think I might go down the bar for a pint… 啊,我搞定了. 我也许会去酒吧喝一杯. Catherine: I’m up for that! 我正打算去! William: Diarmuid tells everyone that he’s going to the bar. He hasn’t asked them if they want to come, but it’s clear that they can come if they want. And, as it happens, Catherine is up for it. Diarmuid告诉大家他要去酒吧. 他并没有问是否有人也要去,但是很明显,想去的自然会有所反应. 果不其然, Catherine也正想着要去. Diarmuid: Right, that’s me finished! I think I might go down the bar for a pint… 同. 重复. Catherine: I’m up for that! 同. William: Now, a quick word about accepting invitations. At the start of the programme, we heard Catherine say yes like this: 现在,来快速地提一下怎样接受邀请. 在节目一开始,我们听见了 Catherine说了像这样的话： Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 哦,想来一杯! William: But if Catherine’s being asked to do an activity, the response is slightly different: 但是如果是 Catherine被邀请去做某事呢?反应可能会稍微有点不同. Diarmuid: Do you fancy going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想去喝一杯吗? Catherine: Ooh I’d love to, what time? 哦,想去!什么时候? William: If we’re talking about activities, we should say ‘I’d love to’ not ‘I’d love one’. There are lots of other ways of accepting invitations. 如果说的是某种活动/事情,我们应该用用的表达是：‘I’d love to’而不是‘I’d love one’. 接受邀请的表达还有很多. She could say something like: Catherine: That’d be fun. 她可以这样回应： 会挺有趣的! William: Or she could say: 或者是： Catherine: That sounds lovely. 听起来好极了! William: Or she could just say: 或者她也可以说： Catherine: OK, cool. 好哇!棒极了! William: Now if you’ve been listening to this programme and you’ve been thinking, ‘But I don’t like beer!’ well, we’re going to be looking at the more complicated business of saying ‘no’ to invitations in a separate programme. But, for today that’s me finished. I think I might go down the bar for a pint…. 如果你一直在收听本节目并且你琢磨着不喜欢啤酒的话该怎么应对,嗯,我们会在另一期节目中介绍更为复杂的拒绝邀请的表达. 但是,今天我就不再多说啦/到此为止.

举几个例子：
1.正式：I am 非正式：I'm
2.正式：going to 非正式：gonna
3.正式：got it 非正式：gotcha
等等,非正式语一般在口语或不太正式的场合中使用

魔法基本上是从西洋传来的概念,例如英语以不同的单字更精确地区分魔法,例如 Magic(魔术、魔法、幻术、咒术)、Sorcery (巫术、道术、妖术）、Witchcraft（魔法）等,每个单字皆含有细微的差别.但一些魔法师认为魔术(Magic)一词与魔法有太大的差别,所以他们在“magic”后面加“k”,加以区别,以显示魔法和舞台上娱乐观众用的魔术是不同的.驱使魔法的人,有男性也有女性,男性叫做巫师或魔法师,女性叫做女巫、巫婆或是魔女,亦可以通称为术士、魔法使或魔法师.他们施展的是“魔法(Magick)”而非“魔术(Magic)”.
魔法大多是神秘的力量或是行为,并为想像中的产物.但是在另一方面,又是人们最希望实现的非实存事物之一.经由解释但未被证实的超自然现象通常被归类为科学的一个范畴,但不能称之为魔法,所以目前魔法只会被认为是想像中的产物.但若产生了“其原理被成功阐释又能被利用”的事态,才有可能被称为魔法

正式 I received your letter
非正式
Received 或者是OK

正式：This is a grief that shall endure for ages.
非正式：This grief will forever never go away.

其实在正式非正式英语里a few这个词组都较常见,主要需注意和very few/few的区别.
a few含肯定之意,表示还有一些.
very few/few含否定之意,表示近乎没有.

时间状语从句

俚语不要随便说,这不会显得你的英语很地道.假设在美国,一个白人说黑人俚语,如果只是幽默一下,还可以,如果正经说,白人瞧不起,黑人也瞧不起你,觉得你在装他们说话,甚至觉得你个白人凭什么这么说,冒犯我们的语言特点.

正式用语-在公共,书面等正式的场合使用的语言(比如演讲,论文等) 非正式用语-在随意的场合使用的语言(比如家里,朋友的派队等) rather正式用语-十分正式用语.

正式英语(Formal English)是受过良好教育的人在正式场合使用的那种英语,它的对立面是俚语(slang).正式英语使用范围上至政府签发的官方文件、法令、下至一所学校发布的启事和文告等.非正式英语(Informal English)指私人交谈,个人书信来往,日常口语等.目前它主要运用于公共交际如报纸、杂志、广告、电视、通俗书籍等方面.我们也应该指出正式英语和非正式英语是没有明显界限的,它们之间没有绝对的差异性.但这并不否认它们之间的一般性差异.正式英语和非正式英语的差异性主要表现在四个方面:语音、词汇、语法和篇章结构,在这篇文章里主要谈谈词汇、语法上的特点.
一般说来,正式英语在词语意义上更大,更纤细,相反非正式英语在词汇上是更短,更随意.英语的词汇基本上有三个来源,第一是英语本身也叫盎格鲁—萨克森词汇,第二是法语,第三是拉丁语和希腊语.

My name’s William Kremer and over the next three weeks, I’m going to be telling you how to invite people to do things and say yes or no to other people’s invitations. And today we’re looking at informal invitations, and in particular, how to ask someone whether he or she would like to go for a pint. 我是William Kremer,接下来的三个星期,我会教大家怎样(用英语)向别人发出邀请以及在收到邀请后怎样拒绝或是接受. 今天我们将学习非正式的邀请,特别是开口问某人是否愿意跟你go for a pint. If you live in the UK, or have ever been to the UK, then you must know what I mean by ‘a pint’. I mean, a glass of beer, usually served in a pub: a pint of beer. We also often say ‘a drink’ to mean an alcoholic drink such as beer. 假如你住在英国或者是曾经到过英国,那你一定知道我所说的‘a pint’是什么意思. ‘a pint’是一杯啤酒,酒吧通常有售：一品脱啤酒. 我们也会称之为“a drink”,指的是酒类,如啤酒. So, let’s imagine that it’s five o’clock on a Friday and you’ve had a hard week and it’s time for a pint. What’s a good way of asking other people if they’d like a drink too? Well, in the next clip, Diarmuid is going to invite Catherine out for a pint. 那让我们来假设一下,现在是周五下午五点,辛苦了一个礼拜,应该是去喝一杯的时候啦. 询问别人是否也想去喝一杯的最好方式是什么呢? 嗯,在接下来的录音中,Diarmuid 就在邀请Catherine 去喝一杯. See if you can hear what words Diarmuid uses to do this. 看看你能不能听出来Diarmuid都用了哪些表达. Diarmuid: Catherine, I’m just going for a drink after work this evening - do you fancy a pint? 今晚下班后我想去喝酒,想要来一杯吗? Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 哦,想呢! William: Diarmuid asks, ‘Do you fancy a pint?’ Diarmuid 问：‘Do you fancy a pint?’ In British English, if you ‘fancy’ something, it means that right now you want to have it. 在英国英语中,假如你fancy某东西,也就是说,此刻你就想得到那种东西. For example, ‘I fancy an ice cream’, ‘I fancy a hamburger’ 例如,“我想吃冰淇淋；我想吃汉堡”. Diarmuid: Catherine, I’m just going for a drink after work this evening - do you fancy a pint? 同. Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 重复. William: Catherine says that she’d love a pint, so she’s agreeing to go for a drink with Diarmuid. Catherine 说,她想喝一杯,也就是说她答应与Diarmuid一起去喝酒. Now let’s hear another way of inviting someone out for a pint: 现在来听一下另外一种邀请某人去喝酒的方式. Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? Catherine,下班后打算去喝一杯吗? William: Diarmuid asked Catherine if she was ‘up for a pint’. Diarmuid在问Catherine她是否‘up for a pint". Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? 同. William: If someone is up for something, it often means that he or she would like to do something or try something. This is a common expression in spoken English. 假如某个人up for something（打算做某事）,实际是在说他/她想做某事. 这是英语口语中较常见的表达. Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? 同. William: OK, let’s look at a third way of inviting someone out for a pint. 好了,来看看第三种邀请别人外出喝酒的方式： Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想喝一杯吗? William: In this situation, if you feel like something, you fancy it. And so the question for Diarmuid is, ‘Do you feel like a pint?’ 这里,假如你feel like某事/某物,即,你想要做某事或得到某物. Diarmuid需要回答的问题是：‘Do you feel like a pint?’——你想去喝一杯吗? Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? 同. William: Now, see if you can hear a difference between the following sentences: 现在来看一下你能否听出以下句子的异同. Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? 你想来喝一杯吗,Catherine? Diarmuid: Do you feel like going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想去喝酒吗? William: Well, the second sentence features a gerund - ‘going’. We can use gerunds to talk about activities instead of objects. The activity we’re talking about here is going for a pint. Listen again. 嗯,第二个句子里面出现了动名词going. 我们用动名词来表示做某事而不是特指某物. 这里说的事情是去喝酒. 再来听一次： Diarmuid: Do you feel like going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,你想去酒吗? William: In this situation, Diarmuid can choose whether to talk about the pint itself - ‘Do you feel like a pint’ - or the activity of going for a pint - ‘Do you feel like going for a pint?’ 在这里,Diarmuid可以选择特指酒本身（‘Do you feel like a pint’）也可以指去喝酒这件事“Do you feel like going for a pint?” But, sometimes we don’t have a choice. 但有的时候,我们没有选择的余地. For example, we can’t say ‘Do you feel like a museum?’ because you can’t buy a museum! So we would have to say ‘Do you feel like going to a museum with me?’ There are also gerund forms for the other questions we’ve heard: 比如,我们不可以说“你想要一个博物馆吗?或是你不能买一个博物馆!” 正确的表达应该是“你想跟我去博物馆?” 我们听到的另外一个问句中也出现了动名词： Diarmuid: Do you fancy going for a pint, Catherine? Diarmuid: Are you up for going for a pint, Catherine? 同. 重复. William: Now sometimes, in very informal situations like this, you don’t even have to ask a question in order to invite people to do something. What do I mean? 有时候,在像这样的正式场合中,邀请别人的时候,你甚至什么都不用问. 什么意思呢? Well, listen to the following conversation. Diarmuid has just finished working… 呵,来听以下的对话. Diarmuid刚刚做完手头的事情. Diarmuid: Right, that’s me finished! I think I might go down the bar for a pint… 啊,我搞定了. 我也许会去酒吧喝一杯. Catherine: I’m up for that! 我正打算去! William: Diarmuid tells everyone that he’s going to the bar. He hasn’t asked them if they want to come, but it’s clear that they can come if they want. And, as it happens, Catherine is up for it. Diarmuid告诉大家他要去酒吧. 他并没有问是否有人也要去,但是很明显,想去的自然会有所反应. 果不其然, Catherine也正想着要去. Diarmuid: Right, that’s me finished! I think I might go down the bar for a pint… 同. 重复. Catherine: I’m up for that! 同. William: Now, a quick word about accepting invitations. At the start of the programme, we heard Catherine say yes like this: 现在,来快速地提一下怎样接受邀请. 在节目一开始,我们听见了 Catherine说了像这样的话： Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 哦,想来一杯! William: But if Catherine’s being asked to do an activity, the response is slightly different: 但是如果是 Catherine被邀请去做某事呢?反应可能会稍微有点不同. Diarmuid: Do you fancy going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想去喝一杯吗? Catherine: Ooh I’d love to, what time? 哦,想去!什么时候? William: If we’re talking about activities, we should say ‘I’d love to’ not ‘I’d love one’. There are lots of other ways of accepting invitations. 如果说的是某种活动/事情,我们应该用用的表达是：‘I’d love to’而不是‘I’d love one’. 接受邀请的表达还有很多. She could say something like: Catherine: That’d be fun. 她可以这样回应： 会挺有趣的! William: Or she could say: 或者是： Catherine: That sounds lovely. 听起来好极了! William: Or she could just say: 或者她也可以说： Catherine: OK, cool. 好哇!棒极了! William: Now if you’ve been listening to this programme and you’ve been thinking, ‘But I don’t like beer!’ well, we’re going to be looking at the more complicated business of saying ‘no’ to invitations in a separate programme. But, for today that’s me finished. I think I might go down the bar for a pint…. 如果你一直在收听本节目并且你琢磨着不喜欢啤酒的话该怎么应对,嗯,我们会在另一期节目中介绍更为复杂的拒绝邀请的表达. 但是,今天我就不再多说啦/到此为止.

American slang are not up to the standard of the word or phrase,is a kind of special language form,is indispensable to the American language,it is an important part of the euphemism,using imagery and hyperbole rhetoric,stylish,simple,innovative,unique vivid humorous convenient,rhythm,catchy as its main language features,this article will from the linguistic features and slang rhetoric characteristic,and the Angle that reflect American slang analysis of American national innovation of national characteristics,thus deepening our understanding of western culture.

正式场合和非正式场合
书面与口语

积极作用：
1,可满足组织成员的某些心里需要.2,有助于成员间产生和强化合作精神.3,非正式组织对其成员工作状况的重视,有助于正式组织工作效率的提高.4,被外部环境认同的需要,维护正常活动秩序,使正式组织运行更加有效,
消极作用：
1,非正式组织的目标与正式组织的目标相突,可能对正式组织的工作产生极为不利的影响.
2,非正式组织要求成员保持一致性的压力,往往会束缚成员的个人发展.
3,非正式组织的压力还会影响正式组织的变革,发展组织的惰性.
积极发挥作用：正式组织目标的实现,要求充分发挥非正式组织的积极作用,努力消除其不利的影响.1,允许非正式组织的存在,为其形成提供必要的条件,并努力使其与正式组织相吻合.2,通过建立和宣传科学的组织文化,影响非正式组织行为规范的形成,引导非正式组织提供积极的贡献.

这并不是正式与非正式的区别.而是第二人称“你”和尊称“您”的区别.
原型:hablar/vender/dividir
尊称“您”:hable/venda/divida 您讲/您卖/您分开
普通人称“你”:habla/vende/divide 你讲/你卖/你分开.
这样的话,你的那个句型的错误就很容易看出来了.前面用了“CREA”,后面要用“SE”；或者是前面用“CREE”,后面用“TE”.如下：
Crea en mis palabras,se lo aseguro.
Cree en mis palabras,te lo aseguro.

正式：Goodbye./Farewell.
非正式：Bye-bye./ Bye./ See you.
网上聊天：cya=cu=see ya=see you

对
1、正式组织的活动以成本和效率为标准,要求组织成员为了提高活动效率和降低成本而确保形式上的合作,并以正式的物质与精神奖励或惩罚来引导他们的行为.维系正式组织的是一种理性原则.
2、非正式组织主要以感情和融洽的关系为标准.它要求其成员遵守共同的、不成文的行为规则.不论这些规则是如何让形成的,非正式组织都有能力迫使其成员自觉或不自觉地遵守.

这样的例句一大把啊,应该是宾语从句之类的名词性从句的引导词,可以给简单的么?
1.由that引导（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）：
I didn't know (that) you came from the USA.
我不知道你来自美国.
2.由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if）：
I‘d like to know if(或whether) you came late for school this morning.
我想知道你今早是不是上学迟到了.

informal也有“不拘礼的,随意的”意思
informal friendliness意思应为不拘礼的友谊,即关系比较亲近~

A:Hey there,what's up with you?
B:Hi,I just come to say hello to my friend,he just came back from China.
A:So you also come from China?
B:Yeah,HongKong,and you?
A:Hard to say,I borned in China and lived in this city,hey,why don't you buy me a drink and talk about it?
B:Why not.
改了

这里是管理学里面讲的小团体的问题.
意思就是在一个团队里面,总有那么几个兴趣相投的或者个性相投的自动走在一起,形成了一个小的团队.但是这个大的团体是允许这样的小团体的存在的.也许一个大团体里面有好多这样的小团体.
小团体一旦形成那么就会不断地壮大,壮大到一定的程度然后又形成一个大团队.
旨在说明团体的建立是循环的,小团体可以不断地壮大形成大团体,同时等它足够壮大后内部又会不断地形成小团体来分化这个大团体.团体的建立是循环,互相转化的.

写信或日常交际中,有以下相关表达
1.How is everything with you?
可以缩略做How is everything?
相关表达如：How is everything at home
家里一切都好吗?
2.How have you been lately,my xxx?"
此句是how are you的完成时,也是很常用的 可以直接用how have you been?
又如：How have you been these years?
这些年你过的怎么样?
3.How have you been getting on with your work
工作好吗?
4.What 's the good news
近来好吗?
此句还可以表达为：What 's the good word

1.D
2.B
3.D
4.B
5.A、C
第四题文章中没提到 只说了do not help yourself of the cake first,bread-and-butter first,and then cake,还是选B吧

It ain't no lie 这不是谎言 them answers above ain't no good for you.在英语里面没有双重否定表肯定的说法.ain't的确是美国的口语写法表示 am/are/is not 的意思,ain't 后面通常跟 no 连用,目的加强ain't 的否定意义,而不是"双否表肯".例如:I am not going to do that job anymore.里面的not 和 anymore 都是否定意义,但他们用在一起是加强否定而不是"双否表肯".

狼吞虎咽