白血病是哪种血细胞引起的(白细胞,红细胞,血小板)

Biphenotypic acute leukemia (BAL) is a rare type of leukemia,and its unique clinical and biological characteristics and prognosis.BAL in the diagnosis and treatment are different from a single type of leukemia.Therefore,we retrospectively analyzed six cases of BAL patients,these patients are in accordance with the European Cooperative Group International Leukemia (EGIL) 1995 standard and the diagnosis of biphenotypic acute leukemia.In this study,we have six cases of BAL specimens of bone marrow cells by light microscopy,respectively,morphological and cytochemical staining to determine their FAB type; the application of flow cytometry immunophenotyping to do,namely,the use of a series of single - Detection of cell membrane antibodies and antigen expression in the cytoplasm; At the same time,the use of G-banding karyotype analysis techniques; the use of both acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment in the treatment of four cases in this group of patients with BAL.At present,we have found about the same period of BAL in patients with the diagnosis of acute leukemia of 9.6%.BAL in patients with clinical manifestations in patients with AML and ALL was no significant difference; morphology on the performance of BAL for the AML-M2,M5 and ALL-L3; Immunophenotyping showed that BAL patients with myeloid,B Department of expression were found .In addition,HLA-DR,CD34 positive in the high expression in BAL,suggesting that BAL may be the origin of the leukemic cells in the early hematopoietic cells; karyotype analysis of chromosome abnormalities can be seen,but the study subjects can not be confirmed whether the abnormal karyotype with specificity.BAL in patients with poor response to treatment,the disease risks of poor prognosis.Four cases of treatment of patients with BAL for the first time of chemotherapy complete remission one cases,accounting for 25%.Another in the second two cases of complete remission after chemotherapy,the remaining case of 3,4 for the first course of treatment has yet to ease.

解题思路：（1）设八年级同学的捐款人数为x人，则九年级捐款的人数为（x+10）人，根据两个年级人均捐款数相等列分式方程求解即可；
（2）先分别求出七、八、九三个年级同学的捐款总额与教职工的捐款总额，再将它们相加即可．

（1）设八年级同学的捐款人数为x人，则九年级捐款的人数为（x+10）人，根据题意，
[2400/x]=[2500/x+10]，
解得x=240．
经经验，x=240是原方程的根．
答：八年级同学的捐款240人；

（2）根据题意，七、八、九三个年级同学的捐款总额为：2000+2400+2500=6900（元），
教职工的捐款总额为：240×[1/3]×[2400/240]×7.5=6000（元），
所以，此次捐款总额为：6900+6000=12900（元）．
答：该校这次的师生捐款总额是12900元．

点评：
本题考点： 分式方程的应用．

考点点评： 本题考查分式方程的应用，分析题意，找到合适的等量关系是解决问题的关键．

解题思路：（1）根据条形统计图所提供的信息，可以看出每个年级的捐款数，哪个年级捐款最多，哪个年级捐款最少等．
（2）把四年级捐款数看作单位“1”，二年级捐款数点四年级的百分之几，就是用二年级捐款数除以四年级捐款数．
（3）把五年级捐款数看作单位“1”，四年级捐资金额比五年级少百分之几，就是四年级比五年级少捐款数占五年级的百分之几，用四年级比五年级少捐款数点五年少捐款数除以五年级捐款数．
（4）只要人人都献出一份爱，世界将变成美好的人间．

根据统计图提供的信息可知：
（1）六年级捐款资金最多，是540元．

（2）340÷400
=0.85
=85%
答：二年级捐资金额是四年级捐资金额的85%．

（3）（500-400）÷500
=100÷500
=0.2
20%
答：四年级捐资金额比五年级少20%．

（4）只要人人都献出一份爱，世界将变成美好的人间．
故答案为：六，540，85%，20%，只要人人都献出一份爱，世界将变成美好的人间．

点评：
本题考点： 以一当五（或以上）的条形统计图；百分数的实际应用；从统计图表中获取信息．

考点点评： 此题主要是考查何观察条形统计图并从图中获取信息，然后再进行有关计算．

　　急性和慢性白血病治疗上还是有些区别的.首先都要选择化疗.不管是哪一型,是急性也好,慢性也好,首选都是化疗,只是化疗的药物种类不同,急性白血病用的化疗都是静脉的化疗.
　　化疗对于消灭某种癌症的远处转移或防止复发,有其独到之处,是癌症治疗方法中不可缺少的组成部分.目前,化疗在肿瘤治疗中的应用越来越广泛.
　　白血病化疗的不良反应主要是抑制骨髓造血系统,造成白细胞和血小板下降.故在每次化疗前,都应该做血象检查,如果白细胞的数目低于2 500 3 000/立方毫米、血小板5万-8万/立方亳米,应该暂时停止化疗；或遵医嘱使用仆高血细胞的药物.

D

建议：引起白血病的因素有：物理因素：（电离子辐射,X射线、γ射线等） 化学因素：（从事化工、化肥、橡胶、皮革等工种） 生物因素：（细菌、病毒等） 遗传因素：（白血病患者家族中有遗传倾向） 等等.白血病实验室诊断标准：血红蛋白、红细胞明显较少,血小板减少,白细胞明显增高或者明显减少,血涂片中原始加早幼粒、原单加幼单、原淋加幼淋大于30%.体征：贫血、出血、感染、肝、脾、淋巴结肿大、骨骼疼痛等.白血病本身就是基因突变产物,作为高发群体目前只有远离致病源或者口服抗癌中药人参皂苷Rh2等作为预防,合理饮食,适当锻炼.

射线引起的变异不会遗传给后代,因为改变的生物性状,而不是遗传物质

小题1:It
小题1:or
小题1:breaks
小题1:most
小题1:of
小题1:Thankfully
小题1:what
小题1:which
小题1:a
小题1:making

略

解题思路：正常基因E含有一个限制酶的切割位点，突变基因e没有限制酶的切割位点．所以正常纯合个体（EE），用该限制酶切割后，能产生两种长度的DNA片段；异常个体（ee），没有限制酶切割位点，用该限制酶处理，只能得到一种长度的DNA片段；杂合体（Ee），用该限制酶处理后，能的到3种长度的DNA片段．图中J的基因型为EE、K的基因型为ee、P和M的基因型均为Ee，新生儿的基因型为ee．
基因治疗是指把正常基因导入病人体内有缺陷的细胞中，使该基因的表达产物发挥功能，从而达到治疗疾病的目的．图中病毒的作用是将目的基因导入受体细胞，作为基因工程的运载体．

Ⅰ（1）研究所用的酶能识别序列CTNAG的酶（N=任意一种核苷酸A、T、G或C），可在该序列的CT碱基之间进行切割，称为限制性核酸内切酶．
（2）由图可知，正常基因E中的序列CTGAG，非正常基因e中的序列变为CGCAC，导致原来限制性内切酶不能进行识别，基因不断裂，所以只有1条链所致．（3）M和P电泳后都含有3种长度的DNA片段，说明双亲的基因型均为Ee．
Ⅱ（1）基因突变发生在细胞分裂间期，所以辐射和药物都作用于该时期．
（2）胸腺嘧啶核苷酸是合成DNA的原料，可参与DNA复制过程．酶1的本质是蛋白质，合成过程包括转录和翻译两步．
（3）根据题意，癌药物B的结构与化合物X很相似，可与化合物X竞争酶2，抑制反应的进行．
Ⅲ（1）采用基因工程治疗白血病，将正常的基因与运载体结合，并导入受体细胞，基因在体外增殖的方法是PCR技术．
（2）运载体可以是病毒，病毒的作用是正常基因的运载体，或运载正常基因导入患者的骨髓细胞
故答案为：
I、（1）限制性内切酶
（2）由于基因突变后，导致原来限制性内切酶识别和作用的基因序列由CTNAG变成CTNAC，不能切断基因，只有1条链所致
（3）Ee和Ee
II、（1）细胞分裂的间期
（2）需要进行DNA的复制，因此需要胸腺嘧啶核苷酸参与DNA合成．转录或翻译过程
（3）与酶2具有竞争性抑制作用
III、（1）正常的基因PCR技术
（2）正常基因的运载体，或运载正常基因导入患者的骨髓细胞

点评：
本题考点： 基因工程的原理及技术；基因工程的应用．

考点点评： 本题图表考查基因工程的相关知识，意在考查考生分析题图获取有效信息的能力；理解所学知识要点，把握知识内在联系的能力；能运用所学知识与观点，通过比较、分析与综合等方法对某些生物学问题进行解释、推理，做出合理的判断或得出正确的结论．

解题思路：根据极差、众数、中位数及平均数的定义，结合表格即可得出答案．

A、众数是20，故本选项错误；
B、平均数为26.67，故本选项错误；
C、极差是95，故本选项错误；
D、中位数是20，故本选项正确；
故选D．

点评：
本题考点： 极差；加权平均数；中位数；众数．

考点点评： 本题考查了中位数、极差、平均数及众数的知识，掌握各部分的定义是关键．

解题思路：本题考查癌变的原因．
癌变的原因有外因和内因．外因是致癌因子，包括物理致癌因子、化学致癌因子和病毒致癌因子．内因是原癌基因和抑癌基因发生基因突变．

A、细胞癌变的根本原因是遗传物质发生改变，A正确；
B、电离辐射或X射线照射是诱发细胞癌变的外在因素，B错误；
C、原癌基因和抑癌基因突变成癌基因是细胞癌变的根本原因，C正确；
D、细胞中酪氨酸酶活性降低不会导致癌变，D错误．
故选：AC．

点评：
本题考点： 细胞癌变的原因．

考点点评： 本题主要考查学生对癌细胞知识的理解和分析能力．还要知道癌变细胞与衰老细胞的区别：由于癌细胞细胞膜上的糖蛋白等物质减少，使得细胞间的黏着性减小，容易在有机体内分散和转移，还表现为形态结构上发生畸形变化．

“＋”和“－”号当其放在相应的符号之前,表示增加或丢失了整条染色体；当其放在相应符号之后,则表示染色体长度的增加或减少.例如：47,XX,＋21为一个女性唐氏综合症的核型,有一条额外的21号染色体；46,XY,5p-表示一个5号染色体短臂长度减少的男性核型.

简单的说
生殖细胞所携带的遗传信息不会因为移植而改变

①老师和同学都很关心你；②这是大家的捐款，请收下；③相信你一定能够战胜病魔。（“慰问”2分，“鼓励”2分，“捐款”1分，大意对即可，语言不连贯另扣1分）。

略

红绿色盲、血友病都是伴X隐性遗传病
白化病是常染色体隐性遗传病

白血病没听过~~白血病只是一个统称 也就是白细胞病变的统称

你就写 同学们不能大惊小怪 要帮助同学

解题思路：据图分析，低于1.0Gy的放射剂量处理下，细胞凋亡百分率无显著变化，而S期和G₂期比例增加；大于1.0Gy剂量的放射剂量处理下，细胞凋亡百分率逐渐变高．

（1）淋巴细胞起源于骨髓中的造血干细胞，在骨髓中成熟的为B细胞，在胸腺中成熟的为T细胞；细胞凋亡是细胞正常的生命历程，是由基因控制的过程．
（2）T细胞白血病病人的T细胞数量多，但免疫功能低，说明体内的T细胞功能丧失或降低．
（3）细胞周期分为分裂间期和分裂期两个阶段；从表格中可以看出，低于1.0Gy的放射剂量处理下，S期和G2期细胞所占比例增加，低剂量射线下，细胞凋亡无明显变化，说明细胞周期产生暂时的阻滞，有利于DNA损伤的修复；当剂量1.0Gy时，细胞凋亡百分率逐渐变高，说明DNA损伤不能修复，造成细胞死亡．
故答案为：
（1）（骨髓）造血干（或“淋巴干”） 胸腺 基因
（2）功能降低或丧失
（3）分裂期 S期和G₂期 修复 DNA损伤不能修复

点评：
本题考点： 人体免疫系统在维持稳态中的作用；细胞有丝分裂不同时期的特点．

考点点评： 本题考查免疫调节和细胞周期的有关知识，意在考查考生识图和理解能力，难度不大．

解题思路：由结构简式可知，含酚-OH、-COOC-、-COC-，结合酚、酯、醚的性质来解答．

A．含酚-OH，与碳酸钠反应生成酚钠和碳酸氢钠，不生成二氧化碳，故A正确；
B．含酚-OH，则EGCG遇FeCl₃溶液能发生显色反应，故B正确；
C.8个酚-OH和1个-COOC-与碱反应，则1mol EGCG最多可与含9mol氢氧化钠的溶液完全作用，故C错误；
D．含酚-OH，易在空气中被氧化，故D正确；
故选C．

点评：
本题考点： 有机物的结构和性质；有机物分子中的官能团及其结构．

考点点评： 本题考查有机物的结构与性质，为高考常见题型，把握官能团与性质的关系为解答的关键，明确苯酚、酯的性质即可解答，注意酚的鉴别，题目难度不大．

1 因为苯酚的酸性小于碳酸的酸性,所以不能用弱酸制强酸,1错误
3 1molEGCG最多可与含9mol氢氧化钠溶液完全作用 有八个酚羟基,消耗8mol氢氧化钠,还有1mol酯基,在氢氧化钠存在时水解,消耗1mol 生成-COONa和——OH,这个羟基不是和苯环相连,是醇羟基,不是酚羟基,所以不和氢氧化钠反应.
所以1 3 不正确,选B

Gold aid donated children's leukemia Poland female athletes
Poland,Czech Republic,female athletes Ao Dili Yajie De Zezha Ke received the Athens Olympic Games women's 200 meters butterfly gold medal,She is also swimming in Poland on the first Olympic champion.But more valuable is,She gold auction,the auction and the proceeds donated to the Children's Hospital for treatment of leukemia children.When you see the children receive help them produce their own paper pegged to the gold medal in her neck,many people have touched down in the Tears of the

1．苍白——红润
2．凋零——绽放

解题思路：（1）细胞分裂就是一个细胞分成两个细胞的过程．分裂时细胞核先分成两个，随后细胞质分成两份，每份各含一个细胞核，最后在原来细胞的中央，形成新的细胞膜．细胞分裂使细胞数目增多．
（2）细胞的分化形成了不同的细胞群，每个细胞群都是由形态相似、结构和功能相同的细胞连合在一起形成的，这样的细胞群是组织，因此细胞分化的结果形成了组织．
（3）细胞生长是细胞体积由小变大的过程，细胞生长使细胞的体积增大．

在正常情况下，经过细胞分裂产生的新细胞，在遗传物质的作用下，其形态、结构、功能随着细胞的生长出现了差异，就是细胞的分化．造血干细胞是指骨髓中的干细胞，具有自我更新能力并能分化为各种血细胞的前体细胞，最终生成各种血细胞成分．所以造血干细胞不断产生各种血细胞的过程称为细胞的分化．
故选：C．

点评：
本题考点： 细胞分化形成组织．

考点点评： 解答此类题目的关键是理解掌握细胞分化的特点．

Marie Curie,or rather Marya Sklodowska,was born in Warsaw on November 7,1867.At the time,the Polish capital was occupied by the Russians,who were seeking to weaken the local 茅lite but nonetheless tolerated the burgeoning of the positivist doctrine advocated by Auguste Comte.Based on the value of experience and scientific reality,and applied to society,it was for many intellectuals the path of progress; it was to leave an indelible mark on Marya.Born into a family of teachers and brought up in an environment marked by a sense of duty and a lack of money,she led the most Spartan of lives.From the premature death of one of her sisters,and later of her mother,she drew the agnosticism that would later bolster her faith in science.As a brilliant and mature student with a rare gift of concentration,Marya harboured the dream of a scientific career,a concept inconceivable for a woman at that time.But lack of funds meant she was forced to become a private tutor.She made huge financial sacrifices so that her sister Bronia could fulfil her wish of studying medicine in Paris,nurturing the hope that the favour might be returned.
And so,in 1891,the shy Marya arrived in Paris.Ambitious and self-taught,she had but one obsession:to learn.She passed a physics degree with flying colours,and went on to sit a mathematics degree.It was then that a Polish friend introduced her to Pierre Curie,a young man,shy and introvert.In 1895,this free-thinker,acknowledged for his work on crystallography and magnetism,became her husband.One year previously,he had written to her saying how nice it would be "to spend life side by side,in the sway of our dreams:your patriotic dream,our humanitarian dream and our scientific dream."
In her pioneering way,Marie Curie decided,in 1897,to take a physics doctorate.Henri Becquerel,who was studying X-rays,had recently observed that uranium salt left an impression on a photographic plate in spite of its protective envelope.What better subject could there have been for Marie than to try and understand the effect,the energy of these uranic rays?Pierre consented.And so his frail wife set about her work,handling tons of minerals; she noted that another substance,thorium,was "radioactive",a term she herself had coined.Together,they demonstrated in a major discovery that radioactivity was not the result of a chemical reaction but a property of the element or,more specifically,of the atom.Marie then studied pitchblende,a uranic mineral in which she measured a much more intense activity than is present in uranium alone.She deduced that there were other substances besides uranium that were very radioactive,such as polonium and radium,which she discovered in 1898.
In their experiments,Pierre observed the properties of the radiation while Marie,for her part,purified the radioactive elements.Both shared the same,uncanny tenacity,which was all the more admirable given their deplorable living conditions.Their laboratory was nothing more than a miserable hangar,where in winter the temperature dropped to around six degrees.One chemist commented that "it looked more like a stable or a potato cellar".And yet,Marie admitted that "one of our pleasures was to enter our workshop at night; then,all around us,we would see the luminous silhouettes of the beakers and capsules that contained our products".Despite their difficulty at obtaining any advances or loans,Marie and Pierre Curie refused to file a patent application that would have secured them financially; in their eyes,enabling any scientist,French or foreign,to find applications for radioactivity took priority.
Pierre tested radium on his skin.It caused a burn,and then a wound:its effect on man was thus proven.Soon radium was being used to treat malign tumours:Curietherapy was born.In 1903,Marie defended her thesis.Together with Becquerel,the Curies were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for their discovery of natural radioactivity.Their happiness was short lived.In 1906,Pierre,weakened by radiation and overworked,was run over by a car.Marie was forced to continue alone.She took charge of educating her two children; she took up the position which her husband had finally obtained at the Sorbonne,and thus became the first woman to be appointed professor there.
She also had to fight the prejudices of her day:hatred of foreigners and sexism which,in 1911,prevented her from entering the Academy of Science.And yet,soon after,she was honoured with a Nobel Prize for Chemistry for determining the atomic weight of radium.But her real joy was "easing human suffering".The founding of the Radium Institute by the University of Paris and the Pasteur Institute in 1914 would enable her to fulfil her humanitarian wish.
But then war broke out."We must act,act," she would say,motivating her daughter Ir猫ne to follow suit.She felt that X-rays would help to locate shrapnel and bullets,and facilitate surgery; also,that it was important not to move the wounded,whenever possible.And so she created X-ray vans.But she did not stop there,and went on to provide equipment for hospitals.The only protection at that time was a metal screen and fabric gloves.All she needed to do was convince reticent doctors and find well-trained manipulators.No sooner said than done.Marie trained 150 female manipulators.
With the war over,she went back to work in her institute,with Ir猫ne by her side.Marie ran the research laboratory while Dr Claudius Regaud headed the applied biology laboratory.Their co-operation proved harmonious,sharing as they did similar ideals and the same disinterest in financial matters.Physicians and chemists provided the radium,and physicists treated cancer patients.Marie set about collecting funds and raw materials,the price of which had soared,going as far afield as the United States; but she found it hard to accept that dark economic interests should prevail.
Marie died of leukaemia in July,1934,exhausted and almost blinded,her fingers burnt and stigmatised by "her" dear radium.This sixty-seven-year-old woman,who,according to Dr Claudius Regaud,"under a cold exterior and the utmost reserve (...) concealed in reality an abundance of delicate and generous feelings",had been exposed to incredible levels of radiation.Other researchers after her,her daughter in particular,would also pay the price.In January,together with her husband,Fr茅d茅ric Joliot,Ir猫ne,who had been working in the same laboratory and with the same relentless determination as her mother,discovered artificial radioactivity,for which she,too,was awarded the Nobel Prize.Radioactivity is the starting point for cancer treatment,for the dating techniques used on ancient objects,rocks and the universe,and for molecular biology and modern genetics; it is also the source of nuclear energy and the atomic bomb.The other side of the coin...

白血病

解题思路：阅读题干可知本题涉及的知识点是恶性肿瘤的治疗，明确知识点，梳理相关知识，根据选项描述结合基础知识做出判断．

A、核糖体是蛋白质合成的场所，而全反式维甲酸不属于蛋白质，A错误；
B、恶性肿瘤能无限增殖，而细胞分裂是细胞分化的基础，所以从理论上讲，恶性肿瘤可以通过诱导分化，转变为成熟的正常细胞，B正确；
C、细胞癌变是原癌基因和抑癌基因发生基因突变的结果，C正确；
D、由于全反式维甲酸诱导分化治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病，所以相对于“放疗”“化疗”，口服全反式维甲酸的副作用大大降低，D正确．
故选：A．

点评：
本题考点： 恶性肿瘤的防治；细胞的分化；细胞癌变的原因．

考点点评： 本题考查细胞癌变及治疗的相关知识，意在考查学生的识记能力和判断能力，运用所学知识综合分析问题和解决问题的能力．

白血病 :
leukemia
其它相关解释:
例句与用法:
他因患白血病正在接受类固醇治疗.
He's being treated with steroids for leukaemia.

解设第一次捐款人数是x 人 人均y元
xy=20000 ………………………………1
2x (y+20)=56000…………………………2
1→ y=20000/x带入2→20000+20x=28000
→x=4000
第一次捐款人数是4000

解题思路：有机物含有酚羟基，可发生取代、氧化和颜色反应，含有酯基，可发生水解，结合有机物的结构和性质解答该题．

A．分子中含有酚羟基，易被氧化，可与FeCl₃溶液发生显色反应，故A正确；
B．酚羟基酸性比碳酸弱，A不能与碳酸氢钠反应，故B错误；
C．分子中含有8个酚羟基和1个酯基，且酯基水解生成醇羟基，与氢氧化钠不反应，则1 molA最多可与含9mol氢氧化钠的溶液完全作用，故C正确；
D．分子中酚羟基的邻位或对位共有6个H可被取代，则1molA与足量的浓溴水反应最多可与6 mol Br₂作用，故D正确．
故选B．

点评：
本题考点： 有机物的结构和性质．

考点点评： 本题考查有机物的结构和性质，为高考常见题型，侧重于学生综合运用化学知识的能力的考查，注意把握有机物官能团的性质，题目难度不大．

1．即将凋零的含苞的花朵
2．一道风景
（答案不唯一）

为了爱，让他坚强的活下去！

解题思路：由结构简式可知分子式，分子中含酚-OH、-COOC-及醚键，结合酚及酯的性质来解答．

A．由结构简式可知A的分子式为C₂₃H₂₀O₁₁，故A正确；
B．含酚-OH，则在空气中易氧化，遇FeCl₃溶液能发生显色反应，故B正确；
C．含7个酚-OH、1个-COOC-，均可与NaOH反应，则1mol A最多可与含8mol氢氧化钠的溶液完全作用，故C错误；
D．分子中只有酚-OH的邻对位与溴水反应，则1mol A与足量的浓溴水反应最多可与6mol Br₂作用，故D正确；
故选C．

点评：
本题考点： 有机物的结构和性质；有机物分子中的官能团及其结构．

考点点评： 本题考查有机物的结构与性质，为高频考点，把握官能团与性质的关系为解答的关键，侧重酚、酯性质的考查，注意酚的取代反应位置，题目难度不大．

多向分化
造血
多能
血
会
不会
全能
受精卵
自我更新

解题思路：据图分析，a表示用限制酶切割目的基因和质粒，b表示用DNA连接酶形成重组质粒，c表示将目的基因导入酵母菌，d表示干扰素基因的表达．

（1）从图可知，获取目的基因和切割质粒的是同一种限制酶，形成相同的黏性末端．
（2）将目的基因与质粒连接起来的是DNA连接酶；质粒与目的基因具有相同的粘性末端，所以质粒的末端也是CAGT，即．
（3）人的抗病毒干扰素基因能嫁接到质粒的DNA分子中去，说明DNA分子组成成分相同，结构相似，并都遵循碱基互补配对原则．
（4）X是重组质粒，即含有目的基因的质粒或基因表达载体，基因表达载体通常由启动子、目的基因、标记基因和终止子构成．
（5）转基因成果是双刃剑，好的方面是通过DNA成功重组和转移，可培育具全新性状的转基因动植物和各种DNA重组微生物，造福于人类；坏的方面是大量转基因生物的出现有可能对人体健康造成伤害，有可能产生新的致病菌，有可能对生态环境造成破坏．
故答案为：
（1）限制性核酸内切酶
（2）DNA连接酶

（3）他们的DNA分子组成成分相同，结构相似，并都遵循碱基互补配对原则
（4）基因表达载体（重组质粒、重组载体）标记基因（启动子、终止子）
（5）通过DNA成功重组和转移，可培育具全新性状的转基因动植物和各种DNA重组微生物，造福于人类；大量转基因生物的出现有可能对人体健康造成伤害，有可能产生新的致病菌，有可能对生态环境造成破坏．

点评：
本题考点： 基因工程的原理及技术．

考点点评： 本题考查基因工程的步骤、原理和安全性等知识，意在考查学生的识图、分析问题和解决问题的能力，属于中档题．

生命最宝贵.
生命是独一无二的.
生命过程中充满了欢乐,但也有烦恼和痛苦,正确认识生活中的苦与乐,才能体会到生命价值.
生命是不可重复的,也是短暂的每个人的生命只有一次.
再加一点自己的感受,结合实际,就可以得全分了.

Your Help Need
Xiao Ming is ten years old this year,and unfortunately he is suffering from the leukocythemia and is in need of treatment.His serious condition has greatly influenced his family.Long-term medicine taking and hospitalized treatment need huge expenses and they have become a heavy burden which his family can't shoulder.As a result,his families have owed huge amount of money to others.
Now Xiao Ming's condition has gone worse and he eagerly needs to be nursed,which will also cost a lot of money.However,such a family can never afford any further medical expenses.
Life is very precious.Give a hand to the child who is longing for surviving.Our help is in demand.Dear kind friends,please send the donations to No.X,XX Road,XX city.Tel:XXXXXXXXXX
请问你补充的内容也是要翻译的吗?
【公益慈善翻译团】真诚为您解答!

我高中用到的只有这些.
.单基因遗传病
（1）常染色体显性基因控制遗传病如软骨发育不全,多指,并指
（2)常染色体隐性基因控制遗传病如白化病,先天性聋哑,苯丙酮尿症
(3)伴性遗传,X显如抗维生素D佝偻病（也就是假肥大型）
（4）伴性遗传,X隐如进行性肌营养不良,红绿色盲等
.多基因遗传病
如唇裂,无脑儿,原发性高血压和青少年型糖尿病等
.染色体异常遗传病
（1）常染色体异常 21三体综合征
（2）性染色体异常 性腺发育不良（也称特纳氏综合征）
另外血友病甲是一种与X染色体基因有关的出血性隐性遗传病.
（血友病简介：血友病是一组先天性凝血因子缺乏,以致凝血活酶生成障碍的出血性疾病.其中包括血友病甲（因子Ⅷ、AHG缺乏）,血友病乙（因子Ⅸ缺乏、PTC缺乏）及血友病丙（因子Ⅺ、PTA缺乏）.血友病甲多见,约为血友病乙的七倍.）
还有人类白血病的确切病因至今未明,但许多因素被认为与白血病的发生有关,主要包括病毒、遗传因素、放射、化学毒物或药物等因素,而且可能是综合性因素.
虽然某些白血病的发生与遗传因素关系密切,然而日常所见到的绝大多数白血病不属遗传性疾病.

In January 2002,during the first weeks of a six-month stay at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia for leukemia (白血病) treatment,Michael wandered over to his hospital window in search of distraction (散心).The 36 first-grader watched a construction crew 37 on a 10-story addition to the hospital.38 Michael's third-floor window,Ritchie,an iron-worker from the East Falls section of Philadelphia,39 and saw "this kid with no hair 40 face was pressed up to the window.I waved,and he smiled and 41.I'll never forget that,"says Ritchie,a father of three.
As winter 42 spring,Michael watched,fascinated (着迷),as 3,000 tons of steel 43 formed the skeleton of the building.One day he colored a message for the crew and held 44 up to the window:Hi,Local Iron Workers.I'm Mike.Ritchie and the 45 crew messaged back.Over the 46 months,as his treatment continued,Ritchie and the crew 47 Michael up and cheered him with 48 signs like Be Strong Mike.
49 the construction reached the third floor,Ritchie jumped across the 50 between the buildings and the two had a 51 chat.The hard hat with the tender heart wells up (涌出眼泪) when he thinks about it."Michael 52 my life," says Ritchie."I was a real hard-core (顽固不化的) person without a lot of sympathy.But I'd 53 seeing this kid every day waving at me and excited about the construction.I look at life 54 thanks to him." Today Michael is a 10-year-old third-grader in complete recovery.What does he hope to 55 when he grows up?"A construction worker," he says.
36.A.strange B.curious C.serious D.anxious
37.A.playing B.studying C.living D.working
38.A.Below B.Above C.Under D.Over
39.A.watched out B.watched at C.looked up D.looked down
40.A.whom B.whose C.which D.that
41.A.came back B.came on C.waved back D.waved on
42.A.went off B.went out C.turned into D.turned to
43.A.gradually B.immediately C.successfully D.usually
44.A.that B.it C.one D.itself
45.A.hospital B.repair C.construction D.school
46.A.first B.last C.long D.next
47.A.cheered B.lighted C.called D.woke
48.A.discouraging B.encouraging C.surprising D.interesting
49.A.Before B.Since C.While D.When
50.A.ground B.floor C.space D.story
51.A.face-to-face B.hand-in-hand C.neck-and-neck D.step-by-step
52.A.gave B.changed C.saved D.took
53.A.pay attention to B.get down to C.be used to D.look forward to
54.A.differently B.happily C.sadly D.excitedly
55.A.have B.get C.be D.appreciate

1L错误了,最严重的类白血病反映骨髓中是会出现原始细胞的,外做血片中更是大量存在,但是不会出现细胞形态畸形.你自己可以去看书,类白血病和慢粒的区分里面就说了,类白血病主要表现在外周血象,而骨髓细胞畸形不显著；某种情况下,血象酷似慢性粒细胞白血病,甚至骨髓也出现相当数量的幼稚细胞,常易误诊为白血病.鉴别的两个要点其中一个就是骨髓细胞畸形,还有个是中粒细胞细胞碱性磷酸酶积分相鉴别.白细胞细胞形态学异常是区分白血病和类白血病的重要的区分点.

1．长城就像一条巨龙，在崇山峻岭中盘旋。
2．秋天的落叶，如同一只只美丽的蝴蝶在翩翩起舞。
3．唯有现在努力，才有美好未来。
（答案不唯一）

彤呀,我也不会写. ---杨XX
采纳哦

这个刚满18岁的年轻人,患了严重的白血病,生命就像即将凋零的含苞的花朵,唯有骨髓移植,才能使这朵生命之花绽放.
“凋零”指草木凋谢零落.这句话把（年轻人的生命）比作含苞的花朵,不曾开放就将凋零,让我们痛心地看到,正值如花年华的年轻人,如果不进行骨髓移植,就将结束短暂的生命,这也让我们清楚地意识到骨髓移植的紧迫性和必要性.
游船、画舫在湖面慢慢地滑过,几乎不留一点儿痕迹.
“画舫”是指装饰华美、专供游人乘坐的船.这句话运用（动态描写）,反衬出（昆明湖水的静）.一个“滑”字,颇有情味,与前面一句“昆明湖静得像一面镜子”（相衬托）,一静一动,更加（突出了湖水的静）.
它屏息凝视,一连就是几个钟头,非把老鼠等出来不可!
“屏息凝视”指屏住呼吸,聚精会神地看.屏,抑制；凝,注意力集中.写出了猫工作时认真负责,可以一连几个小时有意地抑制呼吸,聚精会神地看,下定决心地等,来突出它是多么尽职；“非……不可”,写出了猫等老鼠的决心与耐心,突出地表现了猫的尽职尽责.

解题思路：此题考查的知识点是生物多样性的使用价值．解答时可以从生物多样性的直接价值、间接价值、潜在价值方面来分析．

生物多样性是人类赖以生存的物质基础．生物多样性的使用价值有直接价值、间接价值和潜在价值，直接价值是直接利用生物体如食用萝卜、药用如大青叶三七、工业用如橡胶；生物体的间接价值，如植物在生态系统中的调节作用，保持水土的作用，调节碳氧平衡的作用，动物促进物质循环的作用等；潜在价值如将来有可能开发出新药材，如紫杉醇对子宫癌、乳腺癌、白血病等病有特殊疗效，被预测为21世纪最畅销的抗癌药物．
故选：D

点评：
本题考点： 生物的多样性的内涵．

考点点评： 解答此类题目的关键是理解生物多样性的价值．

首先,他是全能细胞,有全能性.然后C呢,他说已完成分化,而题目中说还要（产生）分化成其他细胞.明显不合题意.其他就可以排除了.
.

你这个是平衡易位,一般属于正常携带者,和白血病没有直接联系,表象与正常人无异,只是以后生育孩子可能会产生染色体数目异常结构的孩子,不用太担心白血病,要担心的就是生育后代的正常几率,18分之一完全正常,18分之一和你一样是平衡易位,还有9分之8是非正常的宝宝

A,骨髓移植后,造血干细胞是移植的,血型可能改变,在移植前会先清除病人原有的干细胞,移植后病人新生的血细胞是移植后的造血干细胞产生的,基因型一定不同,但不会遗传给下一代,生殖细胞是该白血病患者自己的.

之所以,是因为

天生我才必有用,不要为了这一点小事而轻视了自己的性命,毕竟什么事情都可以转变,记住.只要你不喜欢,任何事情都可以改变!（好好想才能想明白）

敢于向黑暗宣战的人,心里必须充满光明.