请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。

第三部分阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Why You Should Celebrate Your Mistakes
When you make a mistake, big or small, cherish (珍视) it like it’s the most precious thing in the world. Because in some ways, it is.
Most of us feel bad when we make mistakes, beat ourselves up about it, feel like failures, get mad at ourselves.
And that’s only natural: most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad, that we should try to avoid mistakes. We’ve been scolded when we make mistakes—at home, school and work. Maybe not always, but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.
Yet without mistakes, we could not learn or grow. If you think about it that way, mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world: they make learning possible; they make growth and improvement possible.
By trial and error—trying things, making mistakes, and learning from those mistakes—we have figured out how to make electric light, to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to fly.
Mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler, make speech possible, make works of genius possible.
Think about how we learn: we don’t just consume information about something and instantly know it or know how to do it. You don’t just read about painting, or writing, or computer programming, or baking, or playing the piano, and know how to do them right away. Instead, you get information about something, from reading or from another person or from observing usually … then you construct a model in your mind … then you test it out by trying it in the real world … then you make mistakes … then you revise the model based on the results of your real-world experimentation … and repeat, making mistakes, learning from those mistakes, until you’ve pretty much learned how to do something. That’s how we learn as babies and toddlers, and how we learn as adults. Mistakes are how we learn to do something new—because if you succeed at something, it’s probably something you already knew how to do. You haven’t really grown much from that success—at most it’s the last step on your journey, not the whole journey. Most of the journey was made up of mistakes, if it’s a good journey.
So if you value learning, if you value growing and improving, then you should value mistakes. They are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible.
56. Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes?
A. Because mistakes make us suffer a lot.
B. Because it’s a natural part in our life.
C. Because we’ve been taught so from a young age.
D. Because mistakes have ruined many people’s careers.
57. According to the passage, what is the right attitude to mistakes?
A. We should try to avoid making mistakes.
B. We should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.
C. We should treat mistakes as good chances to learn.
D. We should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.
58. The underlined word “toddler” in Paragraph Six probably means _______.
A. a small child learning to walk B. a kindergarten child learning to draw
C. a primary pupil learning to read D. a school teenager learning to write
59. We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. most of us can really grow from success
B. growing and improving are based on mistakes
C. mistakes are the most precious things in the world
D. we read about something and know how to do it right away

（13分）认真阅读下列历史材料：
【材料一】什伍连坐法规定：五家为一伍，十家为一什。……一家犯法，其他人家必须告发，如隐瞒不告，就以相同罪名处罚。
【材料二】生产粮食和布帛多的人，免除劳役。
【材料三】立了军功的人，按照功劳的大小封爵。
【材料四】把乡、邑、聚合并成县，县的长官称为县令，由国君任命。
——上述材料都选自本学期初一课本。
请回答下列问题：
①上述四则历史材料，是哪个时期的什么***的内容？（4分）
②请用简洁的语言概括上述四则***的内容。（4分）
③这个变法除了上述内容外，还有哪些内容？（2分）
④这次***有什么重要作用？（3分）

第Ⅱ卷(共35分)
第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题,每题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，根据所读内容在文后71～80的空格里填上适当的单词。（每空1词）
A great life doesn’t happen by accident．A great life is the result of arranging wisely Your time，energy，thoughts，and hard work towards what you want your life to be．A great life is the result of using what you get in a creative and thoughtful way，instead of just what comes next．Make these”secrets”to fit your own needs and style，and start creating your own great life today!
Simplify．People don’t interpret what simplify means in a correct way．It’s not a way to remove work from your life．When you focus on simplifying your life，you free up energy and time for the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here．
Effort．Creating a great life requires that you make some adjustments．It may mean evaluating how you spend your time，or choosing to spend your money in a different way．It may mean looking for new ways to spend your energy．Life will reward your best effort．
Create priorities．It’s easy to spend your days just responding to the next thing that gets your attention，instead of intentionally using the time，energy and money you have in a way that’s important to you．Focus on getting rid of the obstacles that get in the way of you making sure you are honoring your priorities．
Reserves．A great life is the result of having reserves--reserves of things，time，space，energy，money．Reserves are important because they reduce the fear of consequences，and that allows you to make decisions that are based on what you really want instead of what the fear decides for you．
Eliminate distractions．Look around at someone’s life you admire．Ask them how they did it．Find ways to free up your mental energy for things that are more important to you．
Thoughts．A great life is the result of controlling your thoughts so that you accept and allow for the possibility that it actually can happen to you! People who have specific goals look for ways to achieve them．Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you meet with year after year is really important to creating a life that you love．
Start．There’s the old saying everyone’s familiar with”a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step．”There’s no better time to start than today．Today，right now，is the right day to start to take a step in the direction of your heart’s desires．It’s what you do TODAY that will make a difference in your life tomorrow．

A brief introduction	A great life doesn’t happen by 71 ____________ A great life 72 __________ from arranging wisely your time energy，thoughts and hard work towards what you want your life to be A great life is the result of suing what you get in a creative and thoughtful way 73_______ than just what comes next
Seven 74 ________to a great life	When you focus on simplifying your life you 75______ energy and time to the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here
	It is 76______ that you should make some adjustments in order to create a great life
	Focus on 77______ the obstacles that get in the way of you making sure you are honoring your priorities
	Reserves are important because they reduce the fear of consequences and that allows you to make decisions 78_________ on what you really want instead of what the fear decides for you
	Fin ways to devote yourself to things that are more important to you
	Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you 79_______ into year after year is really important to creating a life that you love
	The old saying “ a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” is familiar 80_______ us all It’s what you do TODAY that will make a difference in your life tomorrow

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