英语翻译各种细菌在不同的环境里生存,并通过不同的途径传播.有资料统计,在人的上半身每平方公分的皮肤上有50一5000个微

Various bacteria survive in different environment, and through different approach spread. A statistics, the upper body in people per square centimeter skin is 50 a 5,000 microbes, they get from the sweat and the secretion of a growth, reproduction nutrition, death metabolism. Sweat or the fatty acid, lactic acid secretion inside can kill many organisms. What of microbiology could have also killed or disaster live action, constitutes the balance coordination of nature. Microbial were widespread, even though they live on human production have certain positive role, but they also often make industrial equipment from corrosion, make food and raw material of corruption and metamorphism, even with food for the media to cause human body poisoning, disease, cancer and death.
1, microbial role
1.1 microorganisms in the role of material circulation in biosphere material circulation process, mainly with different type of microbial organic decomposers in the process of mineral play an irreplaceable role in producers together, it pushes the material circulation, biological inside that ecosystem balance. For example, in the carbon cycle, on the earth, 90% of the co 2 is produced by microbial life activities; In nitrogen cycle, nitrogen fixation function, amination function, nitrification, denitrifying action have the action of microorganisms; In phosphorus and sulfur cycle in the same also need various microbes activities.
1.2 microorganism and sewage treatment industry rapid development of also has brought people certain environmental pollution. In many of the sewage and waste water treatment method, biological treatment because of its economic convenient, good effect is prominent advantages and has been widely used. In the wastewater treatment process of biology, microbiology plays a particularly important role in water, they can turn organic carbon decomposed into CO 2, H 2 s, CH 4 gas, such as; Will contain nitrogen organic material is decomposed into ammonia, nitric acid, proposed and nitrogen; Can make mercury, arsenic of human toxic heavy metal salt in water in transformation, in order to remove, make many recycling or pathogenic sex parasites often die because of and environmental discomfort.
130 be beneficial to human body health human intestinal contains a variety of microbes, which mainly has e. coli, produce gas bacillus, deformation bacteria, dung produce alkali bacteria, compared with perfringens spindle bacteria, lactobacillus and helicoid, etc. The human body for these microbes provides good perched place, and these bacteria living in intestinal can synthetic lactoflavin, vitamin B12 vitamin K and so on many kinds of vitamins and amino acids for the body to absorb use.
There are many food (such as 1.4 soy sauce, vinegar, monosodium glutamate, wine, yogurt and cheese, mushrooms), industrial goods (such as leather, textile, petrochemical), drugs (such as antibiotics and vaccines, vitamin, ecological pesticide) is dependent on microbial manufacturing; Microorganisms in mineral exploration and mining, waste disposal (water purification, biogas fermentation) in various fields such as also play an important role. Microbes are only the nature of cognitive nitrogen-fixing (such as rhizobium fredii) of plants and animals residues of people (such as cellulose degradation in common, and degradation) at the end of the chain, thus finish first ends carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur and phosphorus in the cohesion theory of biomass. If there is no microbes, many biological lose the necessary nutrients to source, plant fiber residues cannot decompose and the infinite accumulation, there is no nature current prosperity and order or human generation and dimension renewal.
1.5 microorganism and closely related to human health. Most microbes to the human body is harmless. In fact, the human body outer surfaces (such as skin) and the inner surface (such as bowel) live many normal, beneficial bacterium group. They hold these surface and produce natural antibiotic, restrain harmful bacterium landing and growth; They also assist absorption or personally manufacturing some human body essential nutrients, such as vitamins and amino acids. The flora of disorders (such as antibiotic abuse) can lead to infection or nutritional deficiencies. But on the other hand, human and animal and plant diseases and many are caused by microorganisms, these microbes pathogenic microorganism called pathogenic microorganism (or pathogen (pathogen)