限定性定语从句连接词什么情况下可以省略?

所谓的不完整是指意思不完整,不是句子结构不完整.例如I stayed at the Blue hotel which rosa told me.你用的冠词the,表示特指,所以后面就应该接从句,再进一步解释一下,否则你特指的这个hotel就不明确是哪个hotel.所以不应该写成I stayed at the Blue hotel ,which rosa told me.：而I stayed at a hotel which rosa told me你用的冠词a,完全可以去掉从句,意思任然完整,所以你可以写：I stayed at a hotel,which rosa told me.
其实一般的非限定性从句都可以写成限定性从句的.
在这非限定性从句与限定性从句之间的考点不在这,而在于关系代词的区别.

“限定性定语从句要紧跟在先行词后面”是一般情况,但这不是一成不变的.在你的例句中,如果非要遵守这条规则,就会把谓语动词挤到句末,使主句的主语远离谓语,导致妨碍读者快捷地理解全句,所以使用现有的格局更好一些.

因为that frightened her是一个定语成分,相当于terrible,起到了说明作用,故而是限制性定语从句.
句子大意：她听到了一个骇人的恐怖的声音.

定语从句基本的不用解释,难点在于虚拟式什么时候用.
首先要搞清,中心词或者前置词.也就是你这个从句要修饰解释说明的词.
如果这个中心前置词,是说话人已知,已经了解,有所认识,一个特定的发生过的情况,用一般式.
如果中心前置词,是说话人未知,不了解,未发生的情况,用到虚拟式.
例如,Tengo un coche que es grande, nuevo y barato.
A mi me gusta comprar un coche que sea grande y barato.
第一句,我有一辆车,大,便宜,新.（因为是在说我有的这辆我的车,他实在存在,我认识他了解他,用一般式）.第二句,我想要买一辆又大又便宜的车.（因为是想像可能买的一种车,这个谈论的车并不是实际认识的具体的某一辆车,所以用虚拟）.

限定性定语从句的先行词差不多就是你说的那种,是名词或者代词
你说的短语和句子大多数是非限制性的
如You are responsible for the class work ,which helps set up a good image and make others believe in you .

形式上就是非限定性定语从句有逗号,限定性定语从句没有逗号
e.g.I visit the USA last year,during which I studied a lot.（非限定性定语从句）
I visit the USA which is a developed country .(限定性定语从句）

it is the room in which i used live.
这句话中 live in 中的 in 就提前到了which前面.
定语从句中,从句充当的是定语成分.这是最简单的理解

我看到一个句子：the girl ,who had never seen snow before,pressed her nose against the window.
这个是非限定性定语从句吧?不是同位语吧.
如果把两个逗号去掉,the girl who had never seen snow before pressed her nose against the window.这样子,句子也没有错误,而且 变成 限定性定语从句了吧?
.你的理解是完全正确的.如果没有逗号.句子也正确.也没有差别.但是有了逗号,在翻译方面就不一样了.非限定的要单独翻译从句.限定性的不能单独翻译.比如.
the girl ,who had never seen snow before,pressed her nose against the window.
这个女孩,她从来没有看过雪,她把鼻子压在窗户上.
the girl who had never seen snow before pressed her nose against the window.
这个从来没有看过雪的女孩,把她的鼻子压在窗户上

The coat,which my mother bought,is expensive.非限定性定语从句.翻译：那件大衣很贵,是我妈妈买的.把”妈妈买的“去掉,仍然成立.
The coat which my mother bought is expensive.限定性定语从句.翻译：我妈妈买的那一件大衣很贵.（还有别的大衣,不是妈妈买的）

限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别：
1.形式上看.非限制性定语从句的从句部分和被修饰语之间有逗号隔开.
如 The student who asked me the question is the monitor of Class 8.（限制性,因为被修饰语the student和从句部分"who asked me the question"之间没有逗号.如果加个逗号就成了非限制性了.）
2.翻译上看,非限制性定语从句的一般翻译为两个句子；而限制性定语从句一般翻译为一个句子.
如1中的句子,不加逗号,就一般翻译为一个句子：问我这个问题的学生是八班班长.
如果加了逗号,一般翻译为两个短句：这个学生,他问了我这个问题,他是八班班长.

一般是不能改的,要改的话,意思就不同了.
非限定性定语从句先行词还有可能是前面整个句子的.
但限定性定语从句的先行词就是前面的名词（也可能是两个或更多的名词）
所谓限定性定语从句就是对先行词进行修饰,而非限定性定语从句尽管也是修饰先行词,但它往往有补充的作用.
如：
My brother who is a soldier is 20 years old.我当兵的兄弟20岁.（可能还有其他的兄弟,当学生的,当工人的……）
My brother,who is a soldier,is 20 yeares old.我兄弟20岁,他是当兵的.（只有一个兄弟）
He finally came back at last,which made us very happy.

你的答案都是非限定性的.第二个句子去掉it
当然也可以改为限定性的,把逗号去掉就可以.
其实限定于非限定,不要太刻意的根据句子意思去判断,而要根据有无逗号.

去掉关系代词及后面的句子仍成立是非限定，反之为限定，简单来说有逗号的就是非限定

主语：主语是句子陈述的对象,说明是谁或什么.表示句子说的是"什么人"或“什么事”.
谓语：谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明,指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”.
宾语：宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者.（放在动词后面）
你也看看这几个关系词在定语从句中的用法.再来分析你的句子.
初中的定语从句并不复杂,所以应努力掌握住.
1.who指人,在从句中做主语
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略.
3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom；指物时,相当于which.在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略.
(1) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
第一句：met是谓语,后面缺宾语,宾语是人（是the man)所以根据上面的关系代词用法,要用that /whom.
第二句：I saw是插入语,所欲缺主语,主语是人,用who,这一题在初中出现的频率较低.
第三句：从句缺主语,主语是The stairs,是物,所以which /that都可.
The car (which/ that ）I hired（这是谓语,缺少宾语） broke down after five kilometres.

定语从句的分类：
限制性定语从句和非限制性的定语从句
限制性定语从句不用逗号与主句分开,对所修饰的词起特指或限定的作用,去掉后意思不完整或不太清楚.翻译成中文时,一般把定语从句翻译在先行词之前.
引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,of which和关系副词when,where,why等.
eg.This is the man who helped me.
I was the only person in our office that was invite to the palace ball.
非限制性的定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,只对被修饰的词语或主句起补充说明的作用,去掉后对句意影响不大.翻译时通常把定语从句翻译在先行词后边,作为附加说明.
引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,as和关系副词when,where,一般不用that 引导.
eg.I have two sisters,who are both doctors.
Last Sunday they reached Shanghai,where a meeting was holding.
定语从句的考查热点
1.间隔式定语从句
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,但定语从句先
行词之间有时会插入别的成分,构成先行词与定
语从句的隔离.
eg.This is the article written by him that I spoke to you about.
He was the only person in this country that was invited.
(1).因定语从句过长,为使句子保持平衡,通常定语从句和其所修饰的名词或代词分开.
eg.The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that faraway villiage.
(2).在定语从句中使用“插入语”以增加句子的灵活性.
eg.Kate was always speaking highly of her role in the play,which,of course,made the others unhappy.
The pen I thought I had lost is on my desk,right under my nose.
2.定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致.
当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中做主语时,定
语从句的谓语动词的数的形式应与先行词保持一致.
eg.I,who am your classmate,will try my best to help you.
He,who is your classmate,will try his best to help you.
注意句式：
one of + 复数名词+关系代词+复数动词
the (only/very) one of +复数名词+关系代词+单数动词
He is one of the students who have made great progress.
Tom is the only one of my friends who has been abroad.

such as+2个或两个以上的例子,
这与for example不同,这个只能接一个例子
I like fruit.such as-----
the same as 是与————————相同.
my book is the same as yours
我的书和你的书一样

语 法 结 构-- 从 句
内 容 提 要
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种.状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句.名词从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型.
I 定 语 从 句
一、 限定性定语从句
1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置
1) The first doll say “mama”was invented in 1830．
〔A〕 that it could
〔B〕 could it
〔C〕 it could
〔D〕 that could
2) A solar day is the length of time the Earth to revolve once around the Sun．
〔A〕 takes
〔B〕 takes it
〔C〕 which takes
〔D〕 he takes
3) The period during when 〔A〕 people learned 〔B〕 to melt iron is called 〔C〕 the 〔D〕 Iron Age．
2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
4) The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.
〔A〕 where
〔B〕 of which
〔C〕 during which
〔D〕 that
5) To travel from England to Hope Corn had taken him nine months, the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to accomplish.
〔A〕 when
〔B〕 which
〔C〕 of which
〔D〕 that
3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略(见本节“四、关系代词的省略”)
4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
6) Henry Ford is the person 〔A〕 which 〔B〕 is most responsible 〔C〕 for developing 〔D〕 the idea of mass production.
7) Human beings are social 〔A〕 animals whom 〔B〕 usually prefer not to live in 〔C〕 physical or psychological isolation 〔D〕 ．
5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句
8) The Everglades is a beautiful region of southern Florida the primitive past mingles with modern life．
〔A〕 there
〔B〕 where
〔C〕 after
〔D〕 in
9) The knee is the joint the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg．
〔A〕 when
〔B〕 where
〔C〕 why
〔D〕 which
10) A metropolitan region 〔A〕 is defined as a central 〔B〕 city and the territory where 〔C〕 surrounds 〔D〕 it．
6. when引导定语从句表示时间
11) The next morning he came down to breakfast, he was beaming with the pleasure of a new, great discovery.
〔A〕 as
〔B〕 when
〔C〕 because
〔D〕 that
12) In a day few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters.
〔A〕 whose
〔B〕 during
〔C〕 when
〔D〕 of
13) Moreover, in the modern age human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men throughout the world new pride.
〔A〕 when
〔B〕 whether
〔C〕 more
〔D〕 ever
〔注〕 值得一提的是,表示时间“time”一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. ／ I still remember the first time I met her. ／ Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.
7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
14) There was a teapot fashioned like a China duck out of open mouth the tea was supposed to come.
〔A〕 which
〔B〕 its
〔C〕 that
〔D〕 whose
15) Jackir Mcleans’s recordings have shown that he is one of the few 〔A〕 jazz musicians who 〔B〕 style of playing 〔C〕 has kept pace with the evolution 〔D〕 of modern jazz．
8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导
16) I don't want to concentrate on anything worrying me.
〔A〕 what is
〔B〕 there is
〔C〕 what
〔D〕 there
二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处.
I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐,而他恰恰与我相反.
We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了.
3. 有时as也可用作关系代词
4. 在非限定性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who, whom代表人,用which代表事物
17) Ligaments(韧带), , hold organs of the body in place and fasten bones together．
〔A〕 which are fibrous tissues
〔B〕 they are fibrous tissues
〔C〕 fibrous tissues that
〔D〕 are fibrous tissues
18) The Little White House in Warm Springs was the Georgia home of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, there on April 12, 1945．
〔A〕 who died
〔B〕 died
〔C〕 while died
〔D〕 he died
19) The first United States citizen to become 〔A〕 a professional 〔B〕 sculptor was Patience Lovell Wright, which 〔C〕 works were executed in wax 〔D〕 ．
三、定语从句结构错误
1. 缺关系词
20) The adder is a snake has 〔A〕 a relatively 〔B〕 stout body, a short tail 〔C〕 , and a flat head 〔D〕 ．
2. 从句中缺成分
21) Traditionally, ethnographers and linguists have paid 〔A〕 little attention to cultural interpretations given to 〔B〕 silence, or to 〔C〕 the types of social contexts in which tends 〔D〕 to occur．
四、连接代词的省略
22) Most crocodiles will eat anything capture and overpower．
〔A〕 can
〔B〕 they can
〔C〕 which can
〔D〕 and
五、例题解析
1) D为正确答案.本句中的主句为“The first doll was invented in 1830”,“that could say ‘mama’”为定语从句,修饰主句中的名词(主语)“the first doll”.
2) C为正确答案.
3) A错.during是介词,它后面的关系代词只能用which(指人除外),which在此处指代“the period”,定语从句为“during which people…iron”,修饰主句的主语“the period”.
4) C为正确答案.
5) C为正确答案.
6) B错.改用who,which只能指物,指人时应用who,本句的定语从句修饰the person,关系代词who在从句中作主语.本句也可改用that,因为that也可用来指人,它可在从句中作主语或宾语,但which则只能指“物”.
7) B错.应改用who,因为这里所指代的是“human beings”,而且在从句中作主语,而whom只能用来作宾语.
8) B为正确答案.空白后是一个定语从句,从句中主谓宾齐全,关系副词where指代上面表示地点的名词region(地方,地区),相当于in which,即in the region,在从句中作地点状语.
9) B对.空白后为定语从句,从句中的主谓宾语都已齐全,where作从句中的地点状语,相当于in the joint,整个从句修饰“the joint”.
10) C错.改为which或that.这里是一个定语从句,修饰前面的the territory(区域),虽然被修饰成分表示一个地点,但若用where代替in the territory在从句中作地点状语,从句中便没有了主语,这显然不对.改用which后,便可由它作从句中的主语,代the territory；从句中的it代上文中的a central city.
11) B为正确答案.
12) C为正确答案.
13) A为正确答案.
14) D为正确答案.这里whose修饰名词短语“open mouth,” 这时“whose open mouth”一起作介词“of”的宾语.
15) B错.who应当在定语从句中作主语,而从句中已有主语style of playing(演奏风格),故应将who改为whose,用whose修饰style,指代上文中的人名,相当于his.
16) B为正确答案.
17) A对.空白处是which引导的定语从句修饰主句的主语ligaments,which作从句的主语,主句的主语(ligaments)和谓语(hold)被定语从句所隔开.
18) A对.本句是关系代词who引导的非限定性定语从句,who指代前面的被修饰成分President Franklin D. Roosevelt并在从句中作主语.
19) C错.应改用whose,修饰从句中的主语works,whose相当于his.
20) A错.本句已有谓语动词is,而后面又出现动词has,显然不合语法,故应在snake和has之间加上关系代词which或that构成定语从句修饰snake,which作从句的主语.
21) D错.本句“in which”中的which指代“social contexts”,which在从句中已经是介词in的宾语,这样从句中便没有了主语,故应在which后加代词it(代silence),即变为“in which it tends…”,用it作从句的主语,这样句子才完整.
22) B对.关系代词作限定性定语从句中的宾语时可以省略,本句被修饰词anything后就省去了“that”；C是不对的,首先,C中的which作从句的主语,而从句中的动词(作谓语)capture and overpower都为及物动词,可后面没有宾语,这样句子便不完整；其次,如果被修饰成分为不定代词(anything, all等),或修饰成分前有形容词最高级以及限定性较强的形容词修饰时(the very,the only,the same,the first,the last,the tallest),应使用关系代词that,而不用which.

the 后面的关系代词只能用that,还有anything,nothing,最高级也是用that,
这里是因为有the

当先行词被序数词修饰时只能用that.只能用that 的情况还有
1.当先行词为anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时,只能使用“that”.例：Is there anything that I can do for you?(我能给你做点什么吗?)
　　2.当先行词为all,any,much,many词时,只能使用“that”.例：Tom told her mother all that had happened.(汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈.)
　　3.当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时,只能使用“that”.例：This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.(这是我度过的最美好的时光.)
　　4.当先行词是序数词修饰时,只能使用“that”.例：He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人.
　　5.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时,只能使用“that”.例：This will be the last chance that he can get.(这将会是他得到的唯一机会.)
　　He is the only person that can help you out.(他是唯一能帮你的人.)
　　6.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能使用“that”.例：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.(他们谈论他们记得的有关学校的事和人.)
　　7.当主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时,只能使用“that”.例：Which is the book that he bought from the library yesterday?(哪本是你们昨天从图书馆借的书?)

不能用that 的几种情况
1.指人,先行词是those
Do you know those who are playing basketball?
2.介词前置
The student to whom your father is talking is my brother
3.非限制性定语从句
His dog died,which made him very sad.
请及时采纳,不懂继续问( 天天在线 ）

我看到一个句子：the girl ,who had never seen snow before,pressed her nose against the window.
这个是非限定性定语从句吧?不是同位语吧.
如果把两个逗号去掉,the girl who had never seen snow before pressed her nose against the window.这样子,句子也没有错误,而且 变成 限定性定语从句了吧?
.你的理解是完全正确的.如果没有逗号.句子也正确.也没有差别.但是有了逗号,在翻译方面就不一样了.非限定的要单独翻译从句.限定性的不能单独翻译.比如.
the girl ,who had never seen snow before,pressed her nose against the window.
这个女孩,她从来没有看过雪,她把鼻子压在窗户上.
the girl who had never seen snow before pressed her nose against the window.
这个从来没有看过雪的女孩,把她的鼻子压在窗户上

三个词都可引导限制性定语从句作关系代词,在从句中作宾语,虽然省略作宾语的关系代词语法结构上没有问题,但就本句而言,会产生歧义,句意不明

　　凡是先行词被the only ,the last 以及序数词,以及先行词既有人也有物,定语从句引导词全部都有that
　　(1) She is the only person that has passed the exam
　　(2) He is the last person that has arrived here
　　(3) The two persons and one dog that can be seen to go into that room

如果用英语定语从句来给你讲,你永远搞不清楚,因为你已经糊涂了,我只用两句中文例子表达一下,你一下就自然发现什么是限定什么是非限定了.
所谓定语从句,就是用句子做了形容语来修饰先行词,那这个句子叫定语从句.（基本是这样,特殊情况例外,先不讲,讲多你就晕了）
我有一个长着一头长发的女儿.（主：我 谓：有 宾：女儿 ）（长着一头长发的）=定语
我有一个女儿,她长着一头长发.
中文我想你一下就看明白了,第一句要表达的意思是完全清晰准确的,也就是说定语一定要修饰宾语这个名词的.
而第二句只是泛泛的说明了一下,没有强调.我有个女儿,他长着一头长发,靠,应该明白了吧!
英语的限定与非限定完全取决于中文你要表达的意思,对吧,你的中文严密,英语就限定,不严密强调,英语就非限定.
你肯定会问为什么要用句子来代替形容词,因为英语中没有这样的单词有这样的意思,你可以说一个漂亮的女孩,a beautiful agirl,你能找一个单词是这样的意思吗,长着一头长发的,因为没有一个单词是这样的意思,所有要用英语从句.
我有一个长着一头发长的女儿.限定
I have a girl who has long hair.
我有一个女儿,她有一头长发.非限定
I have a girl,who has long hair.

如果用英语定语从句来给你讲,你永远搞不清楚,因为你已经糊涂了,我只用两句中文例子表达一下,你一下就自然发现什么是限定什么是非限定了.
所谓定语从句,就是用句子做了形容语来修饰先行词,那这个句子叫定语从句.（基本是这样,特殊情况例外,先不讲,讲多你就晕了）
我有一个长着一头长发的女儿.（主：我 谓：有 宾：女儿 ）（长着一头长发的）=定语
我有一个女儿,她长着一头长发.
中文我想你一下就看明白了,第一句要表达的意思是完全清晰准确的,也就是说定语一定要修饰宾语这个名词的.
而第二句只是泛泛的说明了一下,没有强调.我有个女儿,他长着一头长发,靠,应该明白了吧!
英语的限定与非限定完全取决于中文你要表达的意思,对吧,你的中文严密,英语就限定,不严密强调,英语就非限定.
你肯定会问为什么要用句子来代替形容词,因为英语中没有这样的单词有这样的意思,你可以说一个漂亮的女孩,a beautiful agirl,你能找一个单词是这样的意思吗,长着一头长发的,因为没有一个单词是这样的意思,所有要用英语从句.
我有一个长着一头发长的女儿.限定
I have a girl who has long hair.
我有一个女儿,她有一头长发.非限定
I have a girl,who has long hair.
看明白了吗?关键是你想要表达什么,英语就是根据你的意思来写的.

引导状语从句的连词as可以用作关系代词,引导定语从句,因而被称作准关系代词.
1.准关系代词as引导限制定语从句,用于以下3个结构中,as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语：
a.so / such…as
Such people as were mentioned by him were honest.(as作主语)
I’ve never seen such a clever man as he is.(as作表语)
Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an (= such a difficult) examination problem as none of us worked out.
b.the same…as
Modern statemen are often faced with the same problem as defeated the ancient Romans.(as 作宾语)
I like the same book as you do.(as 作宾语)
c.as…as
As many children as came were given some cakes.(as 作主语)
He is as diligent a man as ever lived.(as 作主语)
补充：
a.such…as 与 such…that的区别
such…as 引导定语从句；such…that引导结果状语从句.
They talked in such simple English as children could understand.
他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈.
They talked in such simple English that children could understand it.
他们用十分简单的英语交谈,连孩子们都能听懂.
I will provide you with such things as you may need.
我要供给你一些你可以用得着的东西.
He shut the window with such a force that the glass broke.
他如此用力地关门,结果玻璃碎了.
b.the same…as与the same…that的区别：
the same…as指两物相似,the same..描述的是同一物.
This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.
这个书包和我昨天丢失的（书包）相似.（相似物）
This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.
这正是我昨天丢失的那个书包.（同一物）

限定性的放入ONLY也没有错,意思是,他只有两个在同一个地方工作的儿子（也许还有在别的地方工作的儿子.）

Dr Bethune was born in Gravenhurst,Ontario,Canada,whose grandfather was also a well-known doctor.

能,加了之后who……proposal变成非限制性定语从句.判断是非限制性定语从句还是限制性定语从句要看去掉该从句时主句意思还是否明确

当关系代词充当定语从句的表语时,只能用that,不能用who.Mary is no longer the girl that she used be.that是当used to be 的表语,不是当主句is no longer 的表语.而~he is the man who bought these books~定语从句的动词是bought,不是联系动词,是当bought 的主语,用that,who都可以,不象前一句当used to be 的表语,只能用that不能用 who.
I don`t want to be the person that you hope me to be .（当定语从句you hope me to be 的表语,只能用that.
I don`t want to be the person who/that/省略 you will marry .(当marry 的宾语,who/that/省略 三种情况都对.）

一、首先,分析第一句：i like the small but beautiful garden that was built last year.此句话的意思是我喜欢去年建的那座小而美的花园.that was built last year是修饰garden的定语从句,was 和last year从句中是相对garden而言 ,而整句话是一般时,主干是I like the （small but beautiful） garden .二、句子变换:The bedroom which is full of flowers given by Tom is theirs.限定性从句里面,that有时可以和which who 等引词互换的,具体情况具体分析

这个句子不正确.
how 不能引导定语从句.
以上句子可作如下修改：
Can you tell me the way to the station?
Can you tell me how can I get to the station?
补充答复：
根据您提供的句子,我查了英语语料库,sence 的后面从未见 how ,因此此句也为错误的句子.
第二次补充答复：
动词 sense 可以接 how ,此为宾语从句,
名词 sense 不能接how.
第三次补充：
This is the way in which he did it.（正式文体）这就是他做这件事的方式.
This is the way (that) he did it.（非正式文体）这就是他做这件事的方式.
It’s the way (that/ in which) they used to do it.这就是过去他们做这件事的方式.

根据句中的谓语动词辨别就可以了
只是介词前置而已
也就是说前面的介词取决于主句中的动词
很简单
如
in which
The building in which he studied was very old.
实际上是study in the building将in前置
这句子可以分成两句
He studied in the building.
The building was very old.
限制性定语从句就是把这两个句子合成一句
同理 for which
The picture for which he paid $1,000 was once owned by a duke.
pay for 将 for前置

如果前面的是惟一所指的,后面的只是补充说明,就是非限定性
如果前面的不是惟一所指的,需要后面的来加以限制,就是限定性
He sits in a garden in which a lot of trees are grown.
He sits in the garden,in which a lot of trees are grown.
看出差别了么

She is interested in English,as we all know.
这其中的as引导的就是非限定性定语从句,而且as在其中指代的是前面的一整句话,我们都知道的事情是她对英语感兴趣.
除此之外当先行词前面有the same修饰的时候也要用as来引导定语从句.

1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种.限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子.（限制性）
The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的.（非限制性）
2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如：
Charles Smith,who was my former teacher,retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师.
My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园.
This novel,which I have read three times,is very touching.这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍.
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦.
Liquid water changes to vapor,which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发.
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句.

限制性定语从句
关系代词
　　关系代词：在句中作主语、宾语或定语 　　1.that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略.[eg：This is the book （which）you want.] 　　2.如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置 　　3.代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which：　　a)先行词是anything,everything,nothing ,none等不定代词时； 　　b)先行词由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略； 　　c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时； 　　d)先行词中既有人又有物时； 　　e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时； 　　f)当先行词为物并作表语时； 　　g)先行词为one时； 　　h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时； 　　i)在there be句型中,句子的主语是先行词,而且又是物 　　j)以here is开头的句子 　　k）It is a high time+ 定语从句 　　4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 　　5.whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物,当它引导的从句修饰物体时,可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样.
关系副词
　　关系副词：在句中作状语 　　关系副词=介词+关系代词 　　why=for which 　　where=in/ at/ on/ ...which (介词同先行词搭配) 　　when=during/ on/ in/ ...which (介词同先行词搭配) 　　1.where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句.　　2.when引导定语从句表示时间[注]值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导.　　By the time when you arrived in London,we had stayed there for two weeks.到你到达伦敦的时候,我们在那里已经待了两个星期.　　I still remember the first time when I met her.我仍然记得我第一次见到她.　　Each time when he goes to business trip,he brings a lot of living necessities,such as towels,soap,toothbrush etc.每一次他去出差,他带来了生活必需品,如毛巾,肥皂,牙刷等其他东西.　　3.当从句的逻辑主语是some,any,no,somebody,anybody,nobody,something,anything,everything或nothing时,常用there is 开头 　　There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.这里有人要和你说话.　　非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

在定语从句中,如果先行词是一个句子可以用as或which来引导.
1）用which代替一个句子,只能放在主句后边,而且两个句子中间需要打逗点.
eg:the earth goes around the sun,which is known to us all.地球绕着太阳转,这点大家都知道.
2）用as代替一个句子,从句可以放在主句之前,主句之后,甚至还可以分割主句.
eg:1.as is known to us all,the earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转,这点大家都知道.
2.John,as you know,is a writer.正如你所知,约翰是个作家.
3）as作为关系代词用于the same...as; such...as 结构中.
eg:1.this is the same book as you bought yesterday.这本书和你昨天买的相同.（表同一类事物）
2.she is sunch a beautiful girl as we all like.她是这样一个我们都喜欢的漂亮姑娘.
3.it wasn't such a good dinner as he had promised us.这顿晚餐不象他承诺的那样好.

摘自《简明英语语法》
限定性定语从句&非限定性定语从句 的区别
1 限定性定语从句:
不能省略,如果省略整个句子意思不完整
非限定性定语从句:
可以省略,如果省略整个句子意思仍然完整
2 限定性定语从句:可以用that 引导
非限定性定语从句:不可以用that 引导
3限定性定语从句:关联词有时可以省略
非限定性定语从句:关联词不可以省略
4限定性定语从句:不用逗号把它和句子的其他部分隔开
非限定性定语从句:用逗号把它和句子的其他部分隔开
5限定性定语从句:只能修饰先行词
非限定性定语从句:
可以修饰先行词,也可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分
这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别：
限定性定语从句限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧奏,对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用.如果将其去掉,会影响句子意思的完整性；有时甚至于引起费解、误解.例如：
Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located .
为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展,热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐.
Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow.
洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候.
They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.
他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因.
非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散,它与主句之间有一个逗点","隔开；它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、说明的作用.有时也用它来对全句进行补充、说明.即使将其去掉,也不会影响句子意思.由于上述原因,非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句.另外,非限定性定语从句在中文译文里,我们往往将其作为一个分句处理,而不把它作定语翻译.例如：Earlier ,the Babylonians had attempted to map the world ,but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere ,which was the form adopted by Ptolemy .
（此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明.）
更早之前,巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图,但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状.
The combination of satellites,which transmit information ,computers ,which store information ,and television ,which displays information ,will change every home into an education and entertainment center .
（此句中,三个非限定性定语从句分别对三个先行词：satellites ,computers和television进行补充、说明.如果去掉这三个非限定性定语从句,那么句子可简化为：
The combination of satellites ,computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .）卫星能传输信息,计算机能储存信息,电视能显示信息,把这些手段结合起来可以使每个家庭都成为教育娱乐的中心.
The sun heats the earth ,which makes it possible for plants to grow .（此句中,非限定性定语从句是对全句进行补充、说明,将全句表达的意思看成"一件事情）.太阳给予大地热,这就使植物的生长成为可能.
The old man has a son ,who is in the army .（此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词son进行补充、说明.但本句所传达的信息是："这位老人只有一个儿子" .如果将此句改写成限定性定语从句：
The old man has a son who is in the army .那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子.那么,限定性定语从句就要对先行词son进行限定、修饰.这样一来,句子所传达的信息就变成了："这位老人有一个儿子在部队工作,还有其他的儿子在干别的工作".）那位老人有一个儿子,他在部队工作

根据定语从句与先行词的关系是否紧密,可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句.非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系松散,只是补充说明,书写时常常使用逗号隔开.关系代词that不引导非限制性定语从句.
例:
Mr Smith,who came to see us yesterday,is a relative of my wife．
史密斯是我妻子的一个亲戚,昨天他来看望我们了．
They are coming back to us,which means that they have been refused elsewhere．
他们回来找我们了,那意味着他们在别的地方已被拒绝．

非限定性定语从句,往往有逗号与主句隔开

区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
一看标点,如果中间逗号隔开就是非限定性,反之限定.
二看句意,如果是非限定性定语,从句逗号隔开的两个句子如果单拿出来会分别是两个句意完整的独立句子；但如果是限定性主句和从句分开则不是完整的句子.
例如:The coat is very expensive,which costs me 1000 yuan.
这件大衣很贵,这件大衣花了我1000元.【两个句意完整的独立句子,所以是非限定性定语从句】
The coat is a birthday present which my mother sends.
这件外套是妈妈送给我的生日礼物.【主句和从句分开,从句：my mother sends（缺少了宾语,说明不是完整的句子,所以是限定性宾语从句）】

最明显的区别就是限制性的从句和主句之间通常没有逗号,
而非限制性定语从句有.
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,
去掉它主句意思往往不明确；
非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,
去掉了也不会影响主句的意思.

我感觉这两句都可以用that代替which.
通常在限定性定语从句,引导词指代物品时,which/ that是可以互换的.当然有一些特例,但是这里不属于特例情况.其实是that适用范围比较广,which有诸多限制.
尤其是第二句,不但可以用that,that还可以省略,变成the books he wrote.
只能用which不能用that的情况：
1、非限制性定语从句中.
e.g.Mary has a book,which is very precious.
2、在介词之后.
e.g.This is a house in which lives an old man.
3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时.
e.g.That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.

which是关系代词 也就是在从句中需要充当一个当分 一般情况下which和that是也可互换的 一下情况不能互换：
一.只能用which的情况
1.“介词+关系代词”结构
eg：this is the in which premier Zhou once lived.
2.引导非限制性定语从句（不属于你提问的范围）
二.只能用that的情况（我分了一个类 我自己就是这样记的 觉得有条理一些 方便记忆）
1）.先行词特定
a.先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰
b.先行词是序数词或被序数词the first/the second/the last等修饰
c.先行词被形容词the only/the very所修饰
eg:He is the very person that is fit for the work.
2）.先行词不特定
a.先行词本身是不定代词everything/nongthing/something/all/much/little/few等
b.先行词被all/no/few/little/any等修饰时多用that
eg:All that is needed is a supply of oil.
3）.特殊情况
a.先行词同时指人和指物（当然先行词只指人的时候也只能用也不能用which 但是可以用who）
eg:I will never foeget the friendly people and the beautiful scenery that I met in HongKong.
b.关系代词在定语从句中作表语
eg:Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.
c.在which或who引导的特殊疑问句中 为了避免重复 用that引导定从
eg:Who that has read LAO SHE's great novels can forget the characters?
希望我说清楚勒 如果还有问题可以PM我~
楼下不要误导别人了 先行词是物 which和that都可以用...

限定性定语从句&非限定性定语从句 的区别
1 限定性定语从句:
不能省略,如果省略整个句子意思不完整
非限定性定语从句:
可以省略,如果省略整个句子意思仍然完整
2 限定性定语从句:可以用that 引导
非限定性定语从句:不可以用that 引导
3限定性定语从句:关联词有时可以省略
非限定性定语从句:关联词不可以省略
4限定性定语从句:不用逗号把它和句子的其他部分隔开
非限定性定语从句:用逗号把它和句子的其他部分隔开
5限定性定语从句:只能修饰先行词
非限定性定语从句:
可以修饰先行词,也可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分
这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别：
限定性定语从句限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧奏,对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用.如果将其去掉,会影响句子意思的完整性；有时甚至于引起费解、误解.例如：
Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located .
为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展,热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐.
Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow.
洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候.
They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.
他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因.
非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散,它与主句之间有一个逗点","隔开；它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、说明的作用.有时也用它来对全句进行补充、说明.即使将其去掉,也不会影响句子意思.由于上述原因,非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句.另外,非限定性定语从句在中文译文里,我们往往将其作为一个分句处理,而不把它作定语翻译.例如：Earlier ,the Babylonians had attempted to map the world ,but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere ,which was the form adopted by Ptolemy .
（此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明.）
更早之前,巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图,但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状.
The combination of satellites,which transmit information ,computers ,which store information ,and television ,which displays information ,will change every home into an education and entertainment center .
（此句中,三个非限定性定语从句分别对三个先行词：satellites ,computers和television进行补充、说明.如果去掉这三个非限定性定语从句,那么句子可简化为：
The combination of satellites ,computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .）卫星能传输信息,计算机能储存信息,电视能显示信息,把这些手段结合起来可以使每个家庭都成为教育娱乐的中心.
The sun heats the earth ,which makes it possible for plants to grow .（此句中,非限定性定语从句是对全句进行补充、说明,将全句表达的意思看成"一件事情）.太阳给予大地热,这就使植物的生长成为可能.
The old man has a son ,who is in the army .（此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词son进行补充、说明.但本句所传达的信息是："这位老人只有一个儿子" .如果将此句改写成限定性定语从句：
The old man has a son who is in the army .那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子.那么,限定性定语从句就要对先行词son进行限定、修饰.这样一来,句子所传达的信息就变成了："这位老人有一个儿子在部队工作,还有其他的儿子在干别的工作".）那位老人有一个儿子,他在部队工作