animalfables的意思？

fable[英] [ˈfeɪb(ə)l][美] [ˈfeɪbəl]n.寓言; 传说; 神话; 无稽之谈; 神奇的故事; 谎言v.虚构; 捏造; 杜撰[变形]过去分词：fabled现在分词：fabling过去式：fabled第三人称单数：fables复数：fables

古希腊古罗马《伊索寓言》原书名为《埃索波斯故事集成》，是古希腊民间流传的讽喻故事，经后人加工，成为现在流传的《伊索寓言》。《伊索寓言》是一部世界上最早的寓言故事集。《伊索寓言》（Aesop"sFables）作者伊索。相传其中故事是一名埃塞俄比亚黑人奴隶所作，“伊索”即是“埃塞俄”的谐音。从作品来看，时间跨度大，各篇的倾向也不完全一样，据推测，它不是一人一时之作，可以看作是古希腊人在相当长的历史时期内的集体创作。伊索，可能是其中的一位重要作者。伊索寓言相传伊索是公元前6世纪古希腊人，奴隶，善于讲动物故事。现存的《伊索寓言》，是古希腊、古罗马时代流传下来的故事，经后人汇集，统归在伊索名下。《伊索寓言》通过简短而精炼的小寓言故事来体现日常生活中那些不为我们察觉的真理。这些小故事言简意赅，平易近人，富有哲理。不但读者众多，而且在文学史上也具有重大影响。作家，诗人、哲学家、平常百姓都从中得到过启发和乐趣。到几千年后的今天，伊索寓言已成为西方寓言文学的范本。亦是世界上流传最广的经典作品之一。《伊索寓言》是世界上最早的寓言童话集之一。阅读量仅次于《圣经》。

1.a dog in the manger占着茅坑不拉屎的人 　　出自《伊索寓言》(Aesop"s Fables)，有一篇狗站马槽的故事，说的是一头狗躺在堆满稻草的马槽里，狗是不吃草的动物，而当马或牛一走进稻草时，这头狗却朝着马，牛狂哮，不准食草动物享用。因此，“狗站马槽”就成了一个家喻户晓的成语而进入英语中，常用来比喻a person who prevents others from enjoying sth that is useless to himself; a churlish fellow who will neither use a thing himself nor let others use it，讽刺那些占据说职位或某些物质却不做事的人。 　　a dog in the manger是个名词性短语，常与系动词连用，充当表语（主语补足语） 　　eg:He borrowed a lot of books from the library,but he didn"t read a book.He was really a dog in the manger. 　　There are some officials who are only the dogs in the manger. 　　Smith was a dog in the manger over that roll of wire;it was no use whatever to him,but he wouldn"t let us have it. 　　2.bell the cat自告奋勇去冒险；老虎头上拍苍蝇 　　bell the cat系成语to hang the bell about the cat"s neck的简略，愿意是“给猫的脖子上挂铃”。它来自《伊索寓言》(Aesop"s Fables)中的《老鼠会议》(The Mice in Council) 　　这篇寓言讲的是：一群老鼠在鼠洞里举行会议，讨论如何对付凶狠的猫。白胡须老鼠提出：“我有个方法，在猫的脖子上挂一个铃。这样，猫一走动铃就响，我们就可以闻铃声而逃避了”，群鼠一致同意这个建议，欢呼：“That"s a capital idea.We will bell the cat!No more fear of the cat!”但是，谁去给猫挂铃铛呢？没有一只老鼠敢去，一个个都溜掉了。老鼠会议豪无结果，它们不安全的境况当然也无法改善。 　　寓言所寄托的意思很明白：遇到困难的问题时候，既需要有出谋献策的人，更需要有挺身而出的实干家。 　　bell the cat常用来比喻to do sth dangerous in order to save others;to step forwar bravely to face the danger;to take a risk for the good of others. 　　eg:Everybody made suggestion,but no one actually offered to bell the cat. 　　We didn"t know who would put him this delicate question when my friend offered to bell the cat. 　　3.cry wolf虚发警报；慌报险情；危言耸听 　　cry wolf来自《伊索寓言》：《牧童和狼》 （The Shepherdboy and the wolf） 　　有个牧童在离村子不远的山坡上放羊，有一次，他为了开心作乐，突然大喊：“Help!Help!The wolf!”全村的人都闻声跑来援助他时，才知道这只是开玩笑。如此恶作剧搞了两三次。后来，狼真的来了，那个牧童再呼号求救时，谁也不理会他了。于是，狼把他的羊吃了。 　　这篇寓言的意义很清楚：爱说谎话的人，即或在他说真话时，也没人相信他。由此，人们用to cry wolf 来概括这篇寓言的基本情节及其教诫意义，用以比喻to give false alarms;to warn of danger where there is none之意。按其比喻意义，这个成语相当与汉语中出自《东周列国志》的典故：烽火戏诸侯。周幽王为博得宠妃褒泥一笑，竟然把军国大事当儿戏，烽火报警戏诸侯，使各路诸侯仓促发兵，驰援京师，结果收到嘲笑。后来犬戎进犯，幽王再举烽火调兵，谁也不来了，结果周幽王遭到杀身亡国之祸。这2个典故的情节虽不同，寓意却完全不一致，都是表示“一朝说假话，一世无人信” 　　eg:Nobody will believe he is in trouble because he has cried wolf so many times. 　　Is she really sick of is she just crying wolf? 　　The newspaper placards that had cried "wolf" so often,cried "wolf" now in vain. 　　4.Fish in Troubled Waters浑水摸鱼；趁火打劫；陷于混乱 　　Fish in Troubled Waters直译是：“浑水里捕鱼”，出自《伊索寓言·渔夫》 　　这篇寓言江的是：有个渔夫在河里张网捕鱼，他把鱼网横栏在河道里，然后拿了一条缚着石块的绳子，不停的拍击河水，使泥沙泛起，河水浑浊，鱼儿在慌乱中纷纷自投罗网，渔夫用这个方法捕得了好多鱼。但住在附近的人指责渔夫说：“我们饮水全靠这条河，你把水搞得这么浑，叫我们到哪里去找清水饮用呢？”渔夫回答说： “可是，我若不把水搞浑，那就非饿死不可了” 　　因此，人们常用to fish in trouble waters 比喻to try to win advantages for oneself from a disturbed state of affairs; to make use of sb"s misfortune to serve one"s own ends.并因此产生了谚语it"s good fishing in troubled waters（混水好摸鱼）。 　　在英语中，to fish in troubled waters 也可写成to fish in the muddy waters，而且water必须做waters。 　　eg:The man who interferes in South American politics is fishing in troubled waters 　　I refused to let them come here because i knew they only wanted to fish in troubled waters 　　Those who made large profits out of illegally selling rationed goods during World War II were fishing in troubled waters. 　　5.cat"s paw 被他人利用的人；受人愚弄者 　　cat"s paw 也坐cat"s-paw或catspaw，字面意思“猫爪子”，出典17世纪法国的寓言作家拉·封丹的《猴子与猫》。讲的是狡猾的猴子哄骗头脑简单的猫儿，替它从炉火中取出烤熟的栗子来。猫儿应命去做，结果猫爪子被火烧伤了，而取出的栗子却被猴子吃光了。 　　追根嗍源，远在公元前3世纪的《伊索寓言》中就有这个故事，不过没有题目。 　　cat"s paw常用来比喻a person used as a tool by another;one who is used merely for the convenience of a cleverer or stronger person之意。按其内涵，这个成语与汉语成语“为虎作伥”所比喻的意义相似，仅是动物的形象不同 　　cat"s paw除了单独做复合名词使用外，还构成to make a cat"s paw of sb（利用某人做为工具或爪牙） 　　eg:It is easy for him to be used as a cat"s paw of evil-doing. 　　I am afraid that he is making a cat"s paw of you. 　　6.Pull the chestnuts out of the fire火中取栗；替别人冒险 　　Pull the chestnuts out of the fire来自法国的寓言作家拉·封丹的《猴子与猫》。 　　cat"s paw与Pull the chestnuts out of the fire是同源成语，但两个成语无论在结构上或意义上都不相同，前者比喻充当别人的工具或爪牙，后者常用来表示to do sth dangerous for others的意思。 　　这个成语也作to pull sb"s chestnuts,或者to put the chestnuts for sb. 　　eg:I had pulled the chestnuts out of the fire for him on several occasions and was unwilling to do it again. 　　They are pulling chestnuts out of the fire for the imperialists without knowing it 　　You can"t make me your catspaw to pull your chestnuts out of the fire...

伊索寓言》原书名为《埃索波斯故事集成》，其故事流传于民间，到公元前三世纪成书。相传其中故事是一名埃塞俄比亚黑人奴隶所做，"伊索"即是"埃塞俄"的谐音。 《伊索寓言》是一部寓言 故事集。相传伊索是公元前6世纪古希腊人，善于讲动物故事。现存的《伊索寓言》，是古希腊、古罗马时代流传下来的故事，经后人汇集，统归在伊索名下。《伊索寓言》通过简短的小寓言故事来体现日常生活中那些不为我们察觉的真理。这些小故事言简意赅，平易近人。不但读者众多，在文学史上也具有重大影响。作家，诗人、哲学家、平常百姓都从得到过启发和乐趣。许多故事真可以说是家喻户晓：龟兔赛跑，牧童作剧，狼来了，狐狸吃不着葡萄说葡萄酸。到几千年后的今天，伊索寓言已成为西方寓言文学的范本。亦是世界上流传最广的经典作品之一 伊索寓言作者简介 伊索，公元前6世纪的希腊寓言家。一个丑陋无比,智慧无穷的寓言大师。弗里吉亚人。据希罗多德记载，他原是萨摩斯岛雅德蒙家的奴隶，后来被德尔菲人杀害。他死后德尔菲流行瘟疫，德尔菲人出钱赔偿他的生命，这笔钱被老雅德蒙的同名孙子领去。传说雅德蒙给他自由以后，他经常出入吕底亚国王克洛伊索斯的宫廷。另外还传说，庇士特拉妥统治期间，他曾到雅典访问，对雅典人讲了《请求派王的青蛙》这个寓言，劝阻他们不要用别人替换庇士特拉妥。13世纪发现的一部《伊索传》的抄本中，他被描绘得丑陋不堪，从这部传记产生了很多有关他的故事。公元前5世纪末，“伊索”这个名字已为希腊人所熟知，希腊寓言开始都归在他的名下。得墨特里奥斯(公元前345—公元前283)编辑了希腊第一部寓言集(已佚)。1世纪和2世纪，费德鲁斯和巴布里乌斯分别用拉丁文和希腊文写成两部诗体的伊索寓言。现在常见的《伊索寓言》是后人根据拜占庭僧侣普拉努得斯搜集的寓言及以后陆续发现的古希腊寓言传抄本编订的。 伊索寓言祥解 伊索寓言，是古希腊民间流传的讽喻故事，经后人加工，成为现在流传的《伊索寓言》。从作品来看，时间跨度大，各篇的倾向也不完全一样，据推测，它不是一人一时之作，，可以看作是古希腊人在相当长的历史时期内的集体创作。《伊索寓言》意为“伊索的寓言集”，伊索，可能是其中的一位重要作者。一小部分是后人创作，寄在伊索这位大师名下。 伊索寓言，来自民间，所以社会低层人民的生活和思想感情得到了较突出的反映。如对富人贪婪自私的揭露；对恶人残忍本性的鞭鞑；对劳动创造财富的肯定；对社会不平等的抨击；对懦弱、懒惰的讽刺；对勇敢斗争的赞美。还有许多寓言，教人如何处世，如何做人，怎样辨别是非好坏，怎样变得聪明、智慧。伊索寓言是古希腊人生活和斗争的概况、提炼和总结，是古希腊人留给后人的一笔精神遗产。 伊索寓言，文字凝练，故事生动，想象丰富，饱含哲理，融思想性和艺术性于一体。其中《农夫和蛇》《狐狸和葡萄》《狼和小羊》《龟兔赛跑》《牧童和狼》《农夫和他的孩子们》等已成为全世界家喻户晓的故事。 这是世界上拥有读者最多的一本书，它对西方伦理道德、政治思想影响最大。东西方民间文学的精华，劳动人民智慧的结晶。影响人类文化的100本书之一世界上最古老的寓言集。 《伊索寓言》这本世界上最古老的寓言集，篇幅短小，形式不拘，浅显的小故事中常常闪耀着智慧的光芒，爆发出机智的火花，蕴涵着深刻的寓意。它不仅是向少年儿童灌输善恶美丑观念的启蒙教材，而且是一本生活的教科书，对后世产生了很大的影响。在欧洲文学史上，它为寓言创作奠定了基础。世界各国的文学作品甚至政治著作中，也常常引用《伊索寓言》，或作为说理论证时的比喻，或作为抨击与讽刺的武器。此书中的精华部分，至今仍有积极的现实意义。在欧洲寓言发展史上，古希腊寓言占有重要的地位。它开创了欧洲寓言发展的先河，并且影响到其后欧洲寓言发展的全过程，寓言本是一种民间口头创作，反映的主要是人们的生活智慧，包括社会活动、生产劳动和日常生活等方面。现传的《伊索寓言》根据各种传世抄本编集而成，包括寓言300多则，其中有些寓言脍炙人口。《伊索寓言》中的动物除了有些动物外，一般尚无固定的性格特征，例如狐狸、狼等，有时被赋予反面性格，有时则受到肯定，通过把动物拟人化来表达作者的某种思想。这些动物故事无疑是虚构的，然而又很自然、逼真。这与后代寓言形成的基本定型的性格特征是不一样的。 《伊索寓言》曾对其后的欧洲寓言发展产生重大影响。公元1世纪的古罗马寓言作家费德鲁斯直接继承了伊索寓言传统，借用了《伊索寓言》中的许多故事，并称自己的寓言是"伊索式寓言"。公元2世纪的希腊寓言作家巴布里乌斯则更多地采用了伊索的寓言故事。这种传统为晚期古希腊罗马寓言创作所继承。文艺复兴以后，对伊索寓言抄稿的重新整理和印行极大地促进了欧洲寓言创作的发展，先后出现了不少出色的寓言作家，如法国的拉封丹、德国的莱辛、俄国的克雷洛夫等。 随着"西学东渐"，《伊索寓言》在明朝传入我国。第一个来我国的西方传教士利马窦在中国生活期间撰《畸人十篇》，其中便介绍过伊索，对《伊索寓言》做过称引。他之后的传教士庞迪我也在《七克》中介绍、引用过《伊索寓言》。我国第一个《伊索寓言》译本是1625年西安刊印的《况义》。清代之后，出现了许多种《伊索寓言》译本。上述情况表明《伊索寓言》在我国流传之久，它至今仍令人喜闻乐见，爱不释手。是一本值得阅读的书籍。 《伊索寓言》大多是动物故事，以动物为喻，教人处世和做人的道理。伊索寓言形式短小精悍，比喻恰当，形象生动，对后代影响很大。 《伊索寓言》共收集了三四百个小故事，与抒情诗主要反映贵族奴隶主的思想感情不同，这些小故事主要是受欺凌的下层平民和奴隶的斗争经验与生活教训的总结。寓言通过描写动物之间的关系来表现当时的社会关系，主要是压迫者和被压迫者之间的不平等关系。寓言作者谴责当时社会上人压迫人的现象，号召受欺凌的人团结起来与恶人进行斗争。例如，《农夫和蛇》的故事劝告人们不要对敌人仁慈；《狗和公鸡与狐狸》告诉人们要善于运用智慧，战胜敌人；在《狮子与鹿》、《捕鸟人与冠雀》、《两个锅》等故事里，作者揭露出当政权掌握在贪婪残暴的统治者手中时，贫苦的人是不可能平安地生活下去的。 伊索寓言目录 第一卷 狐狸和葡萄 狼与鹭鸶 小男孩与蝎子 掉在井里的狐狸和公山羊 寡妇与母鸡 徒劳的寒鸦 站在屋顶的小山羊与狼 山震 善与恶 老猎狗 蚂蚁与屎壳郎 公鸡和宝玉 小鹿与他的父亲 两只口袋 山鹰与狐狸 马与马夫 农夫与蛇 吹箫的渔夫 人与森林之神 苍蝇与蜜 两只打架的公鸡 老鼠与青蛙 叼着肉的狗 公牛与车轴 狼与小羊 熊与狐狸 田鼠与家鼠 狗、公鸡和狐狸 狮子与报恩的老鼠 海鸥和鸢 卖神像的人 牛和蛙 众树与荆棘 乌龟与鹰 骡子 乌龟与兔 猫和鸡 说谎的放羊娃 病鹿 老太婆和酒瓶 月亮和她妈妈 驴子与蝉 狐狸和樵夫 狼与逃进神庙的小羊 第二卷 口渴的乌鸦 小蟹与母蟹 骆驼与宙斯 一只眼睛的鹿 朋友与熊 牛栏里的鹿 烧炭人与漂布人 狮子、驴子与狐狸 驴子与小狗 风与太阳 树和斧子 兔子和猎狗 恋爱的狮子与农夫 金枪鱼与海豚 狼与羊群 瞎子和小野兽 胃与脚 大力神和车夫 断尾的狐狸 灯 兔与青蛙 母狮与狐狸 渔夫与小梭鱼 农夫与他的儿子们 农夫和鹳 鼹鼠 老太婆与医生 燕子与乌鸦 狼与老太婆 主人和他的狗 猴子与海豚 受伤的狼与羊 农夫与争吵的儿子们 老太婆和羊 人与同行的狮子 被狗咬的人 马和鹿 捕鸟人和冠雀 挂铃的狗 行人与梧桐树 牧人和丢失的牛 蝮蛇和锉刀 芦苇与橡树 第三卷 宙斯与众神 樵夫与赫耳墨斯 鹅与鹤 蜜蜂与宙斯 狮子与驴子合作打猎 山羊与牧羊人 挤牛奶的姑娘 牛和屠夫 偷东西的小孩与他母亲 猫和鼠 太阳结婚 蚊子与公牛 被射伤的鹰 马槽中的狗 老鼠开会 狮子、熊和狐狸 狐狸和刺猬 生金蛋的鹅 狮子和海豚 号兵 夜莺与鹞子 夜莺与燕子 作客的狗 青蛙求王 白松与荆棘 百灵鸟和小鸟 击水的渔夫 贼和看家狗 驴子与农夫 老人与死神 医生与病人 鸟、兽和蝙蝠 两个 锅 猫和生病的鸡 狼与母山羊 骆驼和阿拉伯人 狼与牧羊人 行人与斧头 驴子、狐狸与狮子 欠债的雅典人 狮子和野驴 驴子和驴夫 老鼠与黄鼠狼 鹿与葡萄藤 第四卷 篱笆与葡萄园 狐狸与面具 父亲与女儿 马与驴子 老狮子与狐狸 山羊与驴 鹰与乌鸦 口渴的鸽子 小母牛与公牛 秃头武士 狐狸和鹤 斑鸠与人 牧人与野山羊 遇难的人与海 运神像的驴子 小猪与羊群 猎狗与野兔 小孩与栗子 小山羊与吹箫的狼 青蛙庸医 蚂蚁与鸽子 披着狮皮的驴 伊索在造船厂 洗澡的小男孩 农夫和狗 狮子与农夫 马与驴子 铁匠与小狗 丑陋的女仆与阿佛洛狄忒 狼与狮子 渔夫与大鱼和小鱼 孩子和青蛙 公鸡与野鸡 驴子、公鸡与狮子 河流与海 运盐的驴子 狮子和他的三个顾问 黑人 渔夫与金枪鱼 狐狸和豹 猴子与渔夫 鹰与屎壳郎 白发男人与他的情人们 母山羊与葡萄树 病鸢 第五卷 小孩和苎麻 捕到石头的渔夫 三个手艺人 驴子和他的影子 饥饿的狗 狮子与公牛 翠鸟 牧人与海 燕子与蟒蛇 女主人与侍女们 守财奴 鬣狗与狐狸 迈安特洛斯河边的狐狸 吹牛的运动员 狼与马 老狮子 肚胀的狐狸 赫耳墨斯与雕刻家 天文学家 磨坊主和儿子与驴子 争论神的人 鹿与洞里的狮子 海豚、鲸与白杨鱼 泉边的鹿与狮子 狐狸和鳄鱼 狐狸和狗 胆小的士兵与乌鸦 丈夫与怪癖的妻子 农夫与杀死他儿子的蛇 狐狸和为王的猴子 狐狸和狮子 狐狸和关在笼里的狮子 狐狸和猴子争论家世 农夫和毛驴 还不了愿的人 杀人凶手 农夫与命运女神 狡猾的人 农夫和狐狸 农夫和树 遇难的人 发现金狮子的人 第六卷 农夫与狼 骗子 青蛙邻居 人与宙斯 人与狐狸 三只公牛与狮子 女人与酗酒的丈夫 女巫 胆小的猎人与樵夫 金丝雀与蝙蝠 黄鼠狼与爱神 黄鼠狼与锉刀 演说家 第欧根尼与秃子 旅行的第欧根尼 农夫与鹰 橡树与宙斯 樵夫与橡树 赫耳墨斯与地神 赫耳墨斯与忒瑞西阿斯 赫耳墨斯与手艺人 赫耳墨斯的车子与亚剌伯人 太监与祭司 宙斯与狐狸 宙斯与人 宙斯与阿波罗 宙斯与蛇 宙斯与善 宙斯与乌龟 宙斯做判官 赫拉克勒斯与雅典娜 赫拉克勒斯与财神 英雄 宙斯和猴子 哲学家、蚂蚁和赫耳墨斯 赫耳墨斯神像与木匠 孔雀和天后赫拉 众神保护下的树 两个仇人 宙斯与受气的蛇 蝮蛇和狐 蝮蛇和水蛇 鹞子与蛇 蛇的尾巴与身体 蛇、黄鼠狼与老鼠 第七卷 蛇与蟹 蛇和鹰 庸医 嘶叫的鹞子 捕鸟人与眼镜蛇 捕鸟人、野鸽和家鸽 捕鸟人和鹳 捕鸟人和斑鸠 母鸡与燕子 老马 马、牛、狗与人 马与兵 大树和芦苇 核桃树 河里拉屎的骆驼 蔷薇与鸡冠花 骆驼、象、猴子 跳舞的骆驼 人与骆驼 蟹与狐狸 狐狸和狮子 狐狸和荆棘 跳蚤和公牛 跳蚤和人 两只屎壳郎 河狸 苍蝇 蚂蚁 蝉与狐狸 蝉与蚂蚁 弹琵琶的人 觅食的鸟 小偷与公鸡 池塘里的蛙 猫和公鸡 孔雀和白鹤 孔雀与寒鸦 狮子、老鼠和狐狸 狮子和鹰 狮子国王 狮子和兔 狮子、普罗米修斯与象 狮子和野猪 疯狮子与鹿 狮子、狐狸与鹿 第八卷 狮子和青蛙 狮子、狼与狐狸 蚊子与狮子 种菜人 种菜人与狗 两只狗 狼与狗 小狗和青蛙 牧羊人与狗 猪与狗 鬣狗 猪与狗争论生产 小偷和狗 母狗和她的小狗 家狗和狼 猎狗和狐狸 狗和屠夫 猎狗与众狗 乌鸦与狗 田螺 狗和海螺 兔与狐狸 狗与狐狸 野猪与狐狸 小猪与狐狸 狼、狐狸和猿猴 狮子和牧羊人 披着狮子皮的驴子 驴子和马 马和驴 苍蝇和拉车的骡子 顽皮的驴 买驴子的人 野驴和家驴 狼与驴子 驴与骡子 驴子、乌鸦与狼 驴子们求宙斯 病驴和狼 野驴与家驴 妄自尊大的狼 鹿、狼和羊 牧羊人与小狼 第九卷 牧羊人与狼 牧羊人与狼崽 野驴和狼 小羊羔和狼 狼医生 狼与狗打仗 狼、羊群和公羊 占卜者 蜜蜂和牧人 养蜜蜂的人 僧人 年轻人与屠夫 年轻的浪子与燕子 吃肉的小孩 小孩与乌鸦 小孩与画的狮子 人和蝈蝈 跳蚤与运动员 骡子和强盗 两个士兵和强盗 补鞋匠改做医生 兄和妹 乌鸦和羊 说大话的燕子与乌鸦 鸽子与乌鸦 白嘴鸦与乌鸦 乌鸦 乌鸦与狐狸 乌鸦与赫耳墨斯 蚱蜢和猫头鹰 黄蜂和蛇 行人与乌鸦 蝙蝠、荆棘与水鸟 蝙蝠与黄鼠狼 寒鸦与乌鸦 橄榄树和无花果树 冬天与春天 强盗与桑树 百灵鸟葬父亲 麻雀和野兔 鹦鹉与猫 燕子与鸟类 天鹅 第十卷 天鹅与主人 冠雀 猿猴和两个人 猴子与骆驼 猴子与小猴 狼与狗 驴子与狗 狗和狼 睡着的狗与狼 牧羊人与狗 寒鸦与狐狸 寒鸦与鸽子 逃走的寒鸦 吃饱了的狼与羊 牧羊人与羊 公牛与野山羊 公牛、狮子和猎人 老鼠和公牛 公牛和小牛犊 行人与真 行人与赫耳墨 行人与幸运女神 宣誓之神 普罗米修斯与人 老鹰、猫和野猪 乌鸦与蛇 战争与残暴 河水与皮革 墙壁与钉子 蚯蚓和蟒蛇 贼和旅馆老板 神射手和狮子 船主和船夫们 人、马和小驹 猎人和骑马的人 野猪、马与猎人 黄蜂、鹧鸪与农夫 行人与浮木 航海者 富人与制皮匠 富人与哭丧女 驴子与青蛙 病人与医生 《伊索寓言》全文网址 http://www.white-collar.net/child/fable/yisuo/index.html参考资料：http://baike.baidu.com/view/30491.htm

愚公移山出自《列子·汤问》，所以作者应该是列子。列子,名寇,又名御寇(又称“圄寇”“国寇”),相传是战国前期的道家,郑国人农夫与蛇这个故事是出自《伊索寓言》（Aesop"sFables）原书名为《埃索波斯故事集成》，是古希腊民间流传的讽喻故事，经后人加工，成为现在流传的《伊索寓言》。相传其中故事是一名埃塞俄比亚黑人奴隶所作，"伊索"即是"埃塞俄"的谐音。从作品来看，时间跨度大，各篇的倾向也不完全一样，据推测，它不是一人一时之作，可以看作是古希腊人在相当长的历史时期内的集体创作。伊索，可能是其中的一位重要作者。

1. 一片关于作家的英语作文 To an Intimate Friend at Christmas Dec. 25, 2001 Dear Mary, Here it is Christmas again 。 and you are still in Los Angeles, and I am still in Boston,but with a whole continent beeen us! It would take far more than a continent beeen us to make me fet the many happy Christmases we had together and the many pleasant memories we both share. Do you still remember the Christmas party you had when you and Ed got married? That day you had a big tree in the living room and a tiny one right beside it and everyone wondered why. Then you and Ed began openning the packages just around the little tree and taking out booties, mittens and Teddy Bears——and everybody there knew you were going to have a baby! It was a wonderful day that we ever had. That was eleven years ago, Mary. Your daughter, Linda, must be quite a young lady now. And Tommy was born the year you moved to Los Angeles, so he must be seven. I hope I could see them, but I guess it will be long. My hu *** and, John, is very busy now, in fact, busier than ever. He is so conscientious that he won"t go away for a weekend for fear that he won"t finish on time his program on Water Pollution. Anyway, Mary, the ing Christmas day makes me think of you and recall all the nice times we used to have. John and I send our love to all the family and the wish that everything will be well with you. Merry Christmas and Happy New Year! Yours ever, Nora 2. 求一片英语作文；我最喜欢的作家 My Favorite Writer I like reading in my free time. I"ve read all kinds of books which are written by many famous writers from all over the world. But I like a Chinese writer best. His name is Xu Zimo. 在我空闲时我喜欢阅读。我已经读过很多来自世界各国的著名作家写的各种各样的书。不过，我最喜欢的一个作家是中国的。他的名字叫徐志摩。 Xu Zhimo was born in a big family. His parents were good at writing and his father taught little Xu by himself. When Xu Zhimo was very young, he was interested in reading. Fables, stories or novels were his favorites and he often nearly fot eating and sleeping.When Xu was about six years old, he began to write some short stories. He was always practising writing and he did better and better. But he still kept on reading, because he always believed that “Reading makes a full man, a ready man and an exact man.”全文你参考这个“英语作文网”吧 lugv 3. 我想成为作家的作文怎么写 "他走了带不走你的天堂，风干后会留下彩虹泪光；他走了你可以把梦留下，总会有个地方等待爱飞翔."十年前，还是二十年前 我曾经是个爱做梦的小姑娘. 我喜欢文学. 我梦想着，当个作家.不管书读到哪儿，我都是语文老师的最爱.从小学到中学，到师范，到函授专科，甚至到本科，我一直听到来自老师和同学的赞美，一直惊异于自己的写作能力能被这么多人承认.还有很多冲动的时候，让我觉得我要去当个作家了：我一定写一部大块头的作品，深刻！深刻！！…… 而我没有去当作家.我内心一直以为，作家是苦的.爱上它等于爱上寂寞.深刻的作品来自于灵魂的哭泣.我怕.我怕斗室孤灯下挑灯苦读，我怕日夜颠倒愁丝满怀，我怕灵感消失强说新词，我怕江朗才尽惹人鄙夷.我的文章只随性情，喜则喜，哀则哀，浅薄而我乐意.我只是喜欢，而不是热爱.让我抛弃美好的时光，与笔墨结亲，与诗书结伴，我做不到.其实，我写作，只为消遣. 我喜欢音乐. 我曾经梦想当一个演员，一个全职的演员.我喜欢舞台，我喜欢在舞台上的感觉.我曾参加过无数次的歌手比赛，大小奖项都有.我喜欢唱歌，我喜欢跳舞，因为那可以让我忘记一切的忧愁烦恼，因为那可以吸引众人关注的目光.到我三十岁的时候，还有业内人士替我惋惜：你应该当个演员的.可是，错了，就错了 .我怕演员的颠沛流离我身体不好；我怕演员的勾心斗角我太天真；我怕演员的流言蜚语我太在乎；我怕演员的年华早逝我杞人忧天.十八岁，我就当一名音乐教师，对于女孩子而言，多好的职业啊！安逸，受人尊敬；单纯，不累. 但，我的梦！ 有时我还会想想我曾有的梦想.但这样的时候，越来越少了.我的梦就这样在我渐渐地长大中不知不觉地消失了.现在，我常常就忘了自己还做过那样的梦.扳指一数，我已经是一个有十五年教龄的老教师了.梦想成为被风干的彩虹泪光，悬挂在心灵的最深处. 直到有一天，我猛然发现，其实，我这个职业不正是音乐和文学最完美的结合吗 每一节课都是一个绚丽的舞台，每一节课都是一次文学的创作，虽然没有炫目的灯光，虽然没有优厚的稿酬，但我拥有最忠实的观众和最诚挚的读者——学生 4. mydream英语作文带翻译想成为一名作家 I want to be a writer Everyone has a dream about their future,if you ask me what"s my dream,I will tell you that I want to be a writer.I like reading very much since I was a child and enjoyed myself very much,then I want to write some stories to make other happy as the writers do.So I practice to write something in my free time,by doing that I feel very fortable because sometimes I write some opinions about the life,the society,I think these will help me in the way of being a writer. 我想成为一个作家，每个人都有他们对未来的梦想，如果你问我什么是我的梦想，我会告诉你，我想成为一个作家。 我非常喜欢读书因为我是一个孩子，玩得非常开心，然后我想写一些故事让彼此幸福的作家做。所以我的做法在我的空闲时间写点东西，这样我觉得很舒服，因为有时我写的关于生活的一些观点，社会，我认为这将帮助我成为一个作家的方式.。 5. 老舍是我最喜欢的作家英语作文 Laoshe is my favourite writer. He was born on Faburary the third in 1899 in Beijing. He died in 1966.He has many famous works. many people love to read his novels. He is one of the most famous writer in China . i hope i can be a writer in the future.。

是希腊故事集也是世界上最早的童话故事集

罗尔德·达尔罗尔德·达尔（Roald Dahl，1916年9月13日—1990年11月23日），出生于威尔士卡地夫兰达夫，毕业于天主教兰达夫学校，雷普顿公学，信仰天主教。 挪威籍的英国杰出儿童文学作家、剧作家和短篇小说作家。爱伦·坡文学奖，白面包儿童图书奖，英国儿童图书奖，世界奇幻文学大会奖得主。 作品流传于大人或小孩中，极为知名。 他的代表作主要有：《查理和巧克力工厂》（Charlie and the Chocolate Factory）、《查理和大玻璃升降机》(Charlle and the Great Glass Elevator)、《詹姆斯与大仙桃》（James and the Giant Peach）、《玛蒂尔达》（Matilda）、《女巫》（The Witches）、《好心眼巨人》（The Big Friendly Giant） 和《独闯天下》（Going Solo）。 中文名 罗尔德·达尔 外文名 Roald Dahl 国籍 挪威 出生地 威尔士卡地夫兰达夫 出生日期 1916年（丙辰年）9月13日 快速 导航 文学之路作品列表获奖记录人物影响 人物生平 罗尔德·达尔做过飞行员、经历过第二次世界大战、有过惊险的空中激战、当过像特务工作一样的“空军大使”、写过拥有无数影迷的007电影剧本《你只能活两次》、娶了一位奥斯卡金像奖电影明星做妻子(Patricia Neal)、自学成为美术收藏家、鉴赏家、古董家具专家、美酒专家及种兰专家，最重要的是写过魅力无穷的儿童文学作品，获奖无数…… 据说：曾是英国政府的间谍，他的任务是通过引诱有权有势的美国女性收集情报。 童年与少年 罗尔德·达尔在1916年9月13日出生于韦尔斯卡地夫的兰达夫，罗尔德的父亲是哈拉尔德·达尔（Harald Dahl），母亲是苏菲·玛德莲·达尔（Sofie Magdalene Dahl），都是挪威人。达尔一家在1880年代由挪威迁往卡地夫。罗尔德是因一个当时挪威的民族英雄北极探险家罗尔德·亚孟森而得名的。他在家中跟他的父母及姐姐.艾丝翠得（Astrid）说的是挪威语。达尔和他的姐姐在卡地夫挪威水手的教会施洗及命名，那里是他们父母上的教会。 罗尔德·达尔 在1920年，罗尔德3岁的时候，他7岁的姐姐艾丝翠得（Astrid）死于盲肠炎。大约一个月之后，他父亲死于肺炎，时年57岁。他的母亲虽然可以选择回到挪威与亲戚一起生活，但她还是决定留在英国，因为罗尔德的父亲生前一直十分希望他的儿女能在英国接受教育，他认为英国的教育是最好的。罗尔德最初就读于天主教兰达夫学校（Llandaff Cathedral）。8岁那年，他和四个朋友放了一只死老鼠在“吝啬又讨人厌”的普莱契太太（Mrs. Pratchett）店中的糖果罐里，校长为此打了他们一顿。 罗尔德达尔驾驶的飞机 于是，罗尔德被转到一所寄宿学校，但在那里他过得非常不愉快。他十分想家，几乎每天都会给家里写信，不过他从来都没有在信里显示出他的不开心。在母亲去世后，他才发现她收藏了所有当时往来的信件。 在德比郡的立普顿公学，他是级长的小跟班，在他的早年比较重要的一部份中，他拥有了他自己的小书桌。他的个子很高，有1.98米，他擅长运动，因而成为学校的壁手球和回力球队的队长，还是学校足球队的成员，这令他十分受人欢迎。那个时候，他逐渐喜欢上了摄影。在他就读这所学校期间，吉百利食品公司（Cadbury），一家巧克力制造厂，偶尔会寄新的巧克力产品到他的学校让学生测试味道。达尔常常想自己发明一些新的巧克力，希望得到吉百利食品公司的赞扬，而这也触发了他的灵感，并以此写出他的第2本书，《查理和巧克力工厂》。 共14张 罗尔德·达尔及其作品 在童年和青少年时期，他都会在暑假时回他父母亲的祖国挪威，多数时间都是去享受海岸边的峡湾。他自传体的作品，《男孩：我的童年往事》（Boy: Tales of Childhood）就主要是讲述那段童年时光。 在完成学业后，他用了3个月在纽芬兰与一个称为公学探险组织（Public Schools" Exploring Society）的队伍远足。在1934年7月，他加入了壳牌公司（Shell Petroleum）。经过2年在英国的训练后，他被调到坦葛尼喀（今属坦桑尼亚）的达累斯萨拉姆。他与其它两位雇员前往那里，居住在达累斯萨拉姆外围地区的高级房屋，有着一个厨师和私家仆人。在工作上，他得横越坦葛尼喀提供石油给顾客，他曾在途中遭到树眼镜蛇、狮子和其它野生动物的袭击。[1] 二战中的空军生涯 在1939年的8月，第二次世界大战逼近的时候，有一个计划要将在达累斯萨拉姆的数百个德国人包围。达尔和14个达累斯萨拉姆的英国人，在坦桑尼亚被任命为军官，每人指挥一组英皇非洲步枪队（King"s African Rifles）民兵。达尔对此和包围行动感到十分焦虑不安，但他还是完成了这命令。 英皇非洲步枪队 之后，在1939年11月，他加入了皇家空军。在经过达累斯萨拉姆到奈洛比的600公里车程后，他获许与其它20个人进行飞行训练，他们当中有17人后来死于空战。他以DH虎蛾式飞机（De Havilland Tiger Moth）进行了7小时40分钟的单飞实习。在他的飞行过程中，他十分享受鸟瞰那些肯尼亚的野生动物。他继续往伊拉克巴格达附近皇家空军的海本尼亚空军基地（RAF Habbaniya）进行高级飞行训练。驾驶6个月霍克哈特式双翼飞机（Hawker Harts）后，他成为了一个空军少尉，被分派到皇家空军第80中队，驾驶老式的“斗剑者号”（Gladiator）。达尔在知道自己不会为空战而受训，甚至不会接受驾驶“斗剑者号”的训练时感到十分惊讶。 在1940年9月19日，达尔被命令驾驶他的“斗剑者号”由埃及的Abu Suweir到阿米利亚补给燃料，而后又到利比亚Fouka第二次补给燃料，再飞往马特鲁港南方30公里的第80中队小型机场。在最后一段航程，他找不到小型机场，而且夜色将近，燃料愈来愈少，他被迫试图降落在沙漠中。不幸地，起落架撞上巨砾，令飞机坠毁，他的头骨挫伤，鼻子陷到脸颊之中，两眼受伤。他勉力把自己拖出那燃烧着的飞机残骸。后来，他在第一本出版的作品（后叙）中提及过这一次飞机坠毁的事。皇家空军发现这一次飞机坠毁是因为达尔被通知的飞行地点完全错误，达尔错误地飞往英国与意大利势力范围间的缓冲地带，因而导致这次事件的发生。 达尔获救并被送往马特鲁港（Mersah Matruh）的急救站。他在那里恢复了知觉，但他的视觉没有同时恢复。之后他被送到了亚历山大港的皇家海军医院。他爱上了那里的一个护士，玛丽·威兰（Mary Welland），也是他8星期后恢复了视力后第一个看到的人。医生们说他再也没有机会飞行了，但在1941年2月，他被送往医院的5个月后，他被允许离开，又投入飞行工作。 在这时候，80中队在靠近希腊雅典的Elevsis，配备好霍克型的飓风式战机在希腊之战中与英国远征军并肩作战。他在1941年4月驾驶格斗士式战机飞越地中海，他只有少许操作指南和7小时的练习时间。在这个战争的阶段皇家空军只有18架战斗机在希腊，14架霍克型的飓风式战机和4架布伦海姆轰炸机。 罗尔德·达尔 4月15日，他在高昔斯（Chalcis）进行了他的第一次空战，与四架正在攻击船只的轰炸机对战，并操纵他的飓风式战机打下一架Ju88型俯冲轰炸机。在4月16日的另一场空战中，他打下了另一架容Ju88型俯冲轰炸机。在4月20日达尔与空军中队长及他的朋友戴维·库克（David Coke）继续参与雅典之战，打下一些敌机。 在德国仍在对雅典进行压制时，达尔奉命撤回埃及。 80中队重新被召集到巴勒斯坦的海法（Haifa）。有四个星期，达尔每天都得进行飞行任务，在6月8日他打下了敌方的侦察型波泰63型战斗机；6月15日，打下了敌方的Ju88型俯冲轰炸机，但之后他开始头痛，而且在飞机急速转向或变速的时候，产生短暂失明或昏眩的症状，他因此退役回到英国。这时他的军阶是空军上尉。 1942年，他在被调往华盛顿后开始写作。他第一本出版的作品是Shot Down Over Libya，描述他“斗剑者号”的坠毁事件，在1942年8月1日发表于《星期六晚报》（Saturday Evening Post）。福雷斯特（C.S. Forester）原先是希望达尔能先写一点皇家空军的趣事，他再加以润饰使其更具故事性。不过当福雷斯特读了达尔给他的故事后，他决定内文不需再经任何修改。原本的标题是 A Piece of Cake，后来的标题更具戏剧效果，但忽略了飞机坠毁与敌方行动毫无关系的事实。 在战争期间，福雷斯特在英国信息服务（British Information Service）工作，并为同盟国撰写宣传文宣，主要在于宣传美国人的消耗。这让达尔加入了间谍活动，隶属于英国安全协调处（British Security Coordination），他的上司就是以勇敢闻名的加拿大间谍头子威廉·史蒂芬逊（William Stephenson，或称Intrepid）。在战争期间，达尔提供华盛顿的情报给史蒂芬逊。当达尔回到英国，由于大使馆官员怀疑他对国家的忠诚，令他受到不合理的对待，达尔回忆道：“那些大男孩把我一脚踢出（情报单位）。”（大男孩此指年轻或经验不足的官员）。史蒂芬逊之后晋升了他的官职，并把他送回华盛顿的工作岗位。战后，达尔写了一些关于神秘组织的历史，他和史蒂芬逊即使在战争结束数十年后仍然维持着朋友关系。战争完结时，达尔是皇家空军的中校。他5次空战胜利的记录经由战后调查证实，轴心国的记录也可以与此互相对照证实。[1] 后期的生活 ①家庭 达尔曾与奥斯卡金像奖得主的美国女演员帕德里夏·妮尔（Patricia Neal）共度了30年的婚姻生活（1953年－1983年）。他们有5个孩子：奥莉维亚（Olivia，7岁时死于麻疹）、泰莎（Tessa）、西奥（Theo）、欧菲莉亚（Ophelia）和露西（Lucy）。 当西奥4个月大的时候，坐的婴儿车被出租车撞到，导致他的脑袋受到重伤，得了脑水肿，眼睛也几乎瞎掉。罗尔德为此与几位专家共同研究出了WDT（Wade-Dahl-Till），一种可以使症状减轻的医疗品。西奥因而康复，之后顺利长大成人。 帕德里夏·妮尔与罗尔德达尔 1965年，帕德里夏·妮尔在怀着第五个孩子露西时，曾三度中风。罗尔德试了各种方法让她慢慢地康复过来，中风一年后，纳阿尔又能重新行走、说话了，他们在1983年离婚。他其后娶了芙莉希蒂·克罗斯兰（Felicity Crosland），这场婚姻就一直延续至罗尔德逝世为止。 欧菲莉亚·达尔与医生保罗·法默（Paul Farmer）共同建立了健康伙伴（Partners in Health），一间旨在为那些贫困的小区提供医疗服务的非营利组织，她同时也是该组织的负责人。露西·达尔，是洛杉矶的一个剧作家。泰莎的女儿苏菲·达尔（Sophie Dahl，罗尔德作品吹梦巨人中的伙伴的灵感来源）是一位知名的模特儿与作家。她描述外祖父为“非常特别的人—非常强壮、总是处于主导地位……他不像米佛姊妹的父亲在屋子中大声叫喊，取而代之的是确凿而有把握的形式。” ②反犹太主义 达尔宣称他是反犹太主义者，为此他在以色列遭受到联合抵制。 1983年夏，他在《文学评论》写了一篇书评，批评通利·克里夫顿（Tony Clifton）发表在《新闻周刊》的《God Cried》——一本具高度争议性、描述以色列入侵黎巴嫩的图画书。达尔的批评指出在1982年6月的黎巴嫩战争时，“我们都开始恨以色列人”。这本书容易使读者采取极端的反犹太立场。根据传记作者杰瑞米·特雷格罗恩（Jeremy Treglown）的说法，达尔起初写了“我们都开始恨犹太人”，但《文学评论》的编辑基连·格林威（Gillian Greenwood）把达尔写的“犹太人”改为“以色列人”。根据此版本的译文，达尔顺理声称：“我不是反犹太主义者。我是反犹太复国主义者。”据称，达尔认为由于发表这些反犹太的言论，使自己不能成为一直很想当上的爵士。根据在2003年披露的政府文件所示，达尔曾经在1986年拒绝接受大不列颠帝国官佐勋章，理由可能正是因为他太想要获得爵士头衔。 罗尔德·达尔 根据至少两位传记作家的说法，在达尔为自己的批评作辩护时，他告诉一位记者：“犹太人有一种特性，他们挑起仇恨……我的意思是，无论在任何地方反对任何东西，总是会有个原因；即使是像希特勒般可鄙的人也不是没有原因地选择他们的。”但是根据特雷格罗恩的说法，达尔仍旧与犹太人朋友私下保持友谊。 在晚年，达尔偶尔试图淡化一些对于反犹太主义的指责，在作品《单飞》（Going Solo）中，有一些插曲同情地描写了德国犹太人的流亡者；主张也与之前不同，宣称他反对的是不公正，而不是犹太人。他从不曾从他对于以色列强硬的立场退缩，但是在1990年，离他逝世不远之前他告诉英国独立报：“我无疑地是反以色列的，且我逐渐成为反犹太主义。” ③逝世与遗产 1990年11月23日，罗尔德·达尔于自宅死于一种罕见的疾病，白血病前期并发症（myelodysplastic anaemia），享年74岁。遗体葬于其所属教区的墓地。据他的孙女表示，家人为他举办了一场北欧海盗式的丧礼。陪葬物有snooker游戏、红葡萄酒、巧克力糖、HB铅笔和电锯。为了纪念他，于靠近艾尔斯伯里的白金汉郡郡立博物馆内设立了罗尔德·达尔儿童画廊。 2002年，一个韦尔斯首府加的夫的地标，Oval Basin plaza，将名称更改为“罗尔德·达尔广场”（Roald Dahl Plass）。 “Plass”即挪威语中的广场，这也是对于作家挪威籍的认同。也有许多呼声要求在公众场合为他竖立永久性的雕像。 达尔对神经学、血液学和文学的慈善捐赠在他过世后，持续由其未亡人藉由“罗尔德·达尔基金会”来给予赞助。在2005年6月，“罗尔德·达尔博物馆与故事中心”为了纪念罗尔德·达尔在文学上的贡献于Great Missenden开幕。 文学之路 1942年达尔被派遣到美国华盛顿，在英国使馆担任助理空军大使的职位。不久认识了大名鼎鼎的作家福雷斯特(C．S．Forester) 。福雷斯特请他尝试写一些战争回忆录，结果一个叫做《利比亚上空的激战》的故事于1942年8月以化名的形式在《星期六晚报》上发表了，从此便开始了达尔正式的写作生涯。[2] 罗尔德达尔的写作工作室 随着时间的推移，达尔在华盛顿很受欢迎，他因为讲述自己在皇家空军部队的冒险经历而出名了。他的第一本儿童文学作品是《捣乱小精灵》（The Gremlins），内容讲述一种出现在RAF传统民俗中顽皮的小动物。华特·迪士尼曾有意将其改编为电影，但终究没有成功，书于1943年出版。达尔继续创作一些20世纪儿童喜爱的故事，如《查理和巧克力工厂》、《玛蒂尔达》和《詹姆斯与大仙桃》。 他在创作可怕而恐怖的成人短篇故事方面亦十分成功，往往都有黑暗的幽默意识及令人惊讶的结局。很多本来发表在美国杂志，就像妇女居家杂志（Ladies Home Journal）、哈泼杂志（Harper"s）、花花公子和纽约客，达尔之后将这些文章收录于文选集中发表，作品获得了全球性的赞赏。达尔写过超于60个短篇故事，这是一个十分巨大的数目，但只有一部分在他死后出版成书（见罗尔德·达尔短篇故事列表）。他的故事亦给他带来了三次爱伦·坡文学奖：在1954年，Someone Like You；1959年，故事The Landlady；1980年，以Skin电影为基础写作的的短篇故事Tales of the Unexpected 。 他较著名的成人小说，吸烟者（The Smoker），或称Man from the South，拍摄成影集Alfred Hitchcock Presents, 并改编成1995年电影Four Rooms中昆廷·塔伦蒂诺（Quentin Tarantino）的部分。他的短篇故事集Tales of the Unexpected 成功地改编为同名的电视影集。短篇故事中有一部分经猜测是出自于他虚构的叔叔奥斯沃的日记，这些故事中的主角，一位富有的绅士。 在达尔相较之下比较没那么成功的1960年代，他开始写电影剧本。其中两部由伊恩·弗莱明（Ian Fleming）改编为小说：詹姆士·庞德（James Bond）的You Only Live Twice和Chitty Chitty Bang Bang。他也改编自己的作品，如《查理和巧克力工厂》（Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory）。 与妻子芙莉希蒂合著的Memories with Food at Gipsy House于过世后在1991年出版，书内穿插着食谱—家人与达尔共同回想与沉思出的、以喜爱吃的食物为主的食谱，如巧克力、洋葱和红葡萄酒。 他的大部分儿童文学作品的插图都是昆廷·布雷克（Quentin Blake）画的，布雷克也是达尔的好朋友。 达尔的儿童文学作品常常从一个小孩的观点记述，通常会包括成人反派角色—憎恨并虐待小孩的人，至少有一”好的”大人来减轻反派角色带来的影响（据一份或许遭到滥用的参考文献，达尔常将其在寄宿学校的经验融入作品中）。内容大多包含黑色幽默、古怪的情节和可怕的暴力。《女巫》与《玛蒂尔达》即套用了这个公式。《吹梦巨人》遵守并加以推广这个公式：“好巨人”（the BFG或Big Friendly Giant）代表那些“好的”大人的原型，而其它巨人代表着“坏的”大人。这公式也出现在一部分达尔的剧本中，如Chitty Chitty Bang Bang。阶级意识的主题，如以是否带面罩决定身份地位，也出现在一些作品中如《了不起的狐狸爸爸》（Fantastic Mr Fox）和《咱们是世界最佳搭档》（Danny, the Champion of the World）。在达尔书中的另一特色是，肥胖的角色通常会是儿童，如《查理和巧克力工厂》的古鲁（Augustus Gloop）、《女巫》的布鲁诺·詹金斯（Bruno Jenkins）和《玛蒂尔达》的布鲁士·波格托（Bruce Bogtrotter），不过这也有例外：有一位“巨大”的要角Aunt Sponge出现在《詹姆斯与大仙桃》。 达尔的母亲常常给他和他的姊妹们说故事，说关于传说中的巨人和其它虚构的挪威的东西，因此有一些他的儿童文学作品如《好心眼儿巨人》等都会出现这些巨人等虚构之物。 作品列表 成人小说 ①长篇小说 1948年：SometimeNever: A Fable for Supermen 1979年：超完美情夫（My UncleOswald） ②短篇小说集 1946年：Over To You:Ten Stories of Flyers and Flying 1953年：Someone LikeYou 1960年：Kiss Kiss 1969年：Twenty-NineKisses from Roald Dahl 1979年：达尔惊奇小说选一：南美怪客（Tales of theUnexpected） 1974年：Switch BitchISBN 0 1400 4179 6 1980年：达尔惊奇小说选二：开罗艳遇（More Tales of theUnexpected） 1978年：罗尔德·达尔精选集（The Best of Roald Dahl） 1983年：罗尔德·达尔的鬼故事（Roald Dahl"s Book ofGhost Stories） 1989年：啊，美妙神秘的生命（Ah, SweetMystery of Life: The Country Stories of Roald Dahl） 1991年：达尔短篇故事集（The CollectedShort Stories of Dahl） 1986年：Two Fables 1997年：The GreatAutomatic Grammatizator 2000年：TheMildenhall Treasure 2006年：Roald Dahl:Collected Stories 儿童文学 ①儿童故事 1943年：《捣乱小精灵》（The Gremlins） 1961年：詹姆斯与大仙桃（James and the Giant Peach） 1962年: 好小子—童年故事 (The Boy) 1964年：查理和巧克力工厂（Charlie andthe Chocolate Factory） 1966年：魔法手指（The Magic Finger） 1970年：了不起的狐狸爸爸（Fantastic MrFox） 1973年：查理和大玻璃升降机（Charlie andthe Great Glass Elevator），《查理和巧克力工厂》的续集。 1975年：世界冠军丹尼（Danny theChampion of the World） 1977年：亨利·休格的神奇故事(The WonderfulStory of Henry Sugar and Six More) 1978年：巨大的鳄鱼（The EnormousCrocodile） 1980年：蠢特夫妇（The Twits） 1981年：小乔治的神奇魔药（George"s MarvelousMedicine） 1982年：好心眼儿巨人（The BFG） 1983年：女巫（The Witches） 1985年：长颈鹿、小鹈儿和我（The Giraffe and the Pelly and Me） 1988年：玛蒂尔达（Matilda），或译《小魔女》 1989年：喂咕呜爱情咒（Esio Trot） 1991年：逃家男孩（The Minpins） 1991年：The Vicar ofNibbleswicke ②儿童诗歌 1982年：Revolting Rhymes 1983年：Dirty Beasts 1989年：Rhyme Stew 剧本 1955年：The Honeys 创作于百老汇长亩剧场。 电影剧本 1967年：You Only LiveTwice 1968年：Chitty ChittyBang Bang 1971年：The NightDigger 1971年：威利·旺卡与巧克力工厂（Willy Wonka & theChocolate Factory） 非小说类 1984年：好小子—我的童年故事（Boy – Tales of Childhood）至16岁的生平数据，尤其在20世纪初在英国的学习生涯。 1986年：独闯天下（Going Solo）自传的续编，记述了他在壳牌石油公司和在坦桑尼亚战前的工作。 1986年：Measles, aDangerous Illness 1991年：Memories withFood at Gipsy House 1991年：Roald Dahl"sGuide to Railway Safety 1993年：My Year 1993年：The RoaldDahl Ominibus 获奖记录 1954年，获埃德加·爱伦·.坡奖①（Edgar Allan Poe Award）和美国神奇作家奖(Mystery Writers of America award) 罗尔德达尔 1959年，第二次获埃德加·爱伦·.坡奖和美国神奇作家奖 1972年，《查理和巧克力工厂》获新英格兰儿童图书馆圆桌会议奖 1973年，《查理和巧克力工厂》获萨里学校年度书籍奖②（Surrey School Award） 1975年，《查理和大玻璃升降机》获萨里学校年度书籍奖（Surrey School Award） 1978年，《查理和大玻璃升降机》获夏威夷内内奖（Nene award）③，《世界冠军丹尼》获萨里学校年度书籍奖（Surrey School Award） 1979年，《世界冠军丹尼》获加利福尼亚青少年读者奖章 1980年，第三次获得美国神奇作家奖 1982年，《好心眼儿巨人》（The BFG）获英国儿童图书奖④(Federation of Children"s Book Groups Award )，《詹姆斯和大仙桃》获马萨诸塞儿童图书奖（The Massachusetts Children"s Book Award） 1983年，《女巫》获纽约杰出图书奖、英国儿童图书奖、惠特布莱德童书奖⑤（白面包奖，Whitbread Award）以及世界幻想文学大会终生成就奖 1984年，《好心眼儿巨人》（The BFG）获得德国青少年文学奖⑥（Deutsche Jugendliteraturpreis） 1985年，《长颈鹿、佩里和我》（The Giraffe and the Pelly and Me）获科特·马希拉奖⑦（Kurt Maschler award ），《好小子——童年故事》获波士顿世界图书非小说类文学奖 1986年，《女巫》获西澳大利亚奖，《好心眼儿巨人》（The BFG）获世界图书挪威语版和德国语版青少年奖 1988年，《玛蒂尔达》获英国儿童图书奖 1990年，《小乌龟是怎样变大的》获斯马尔蒂斯儿童读物奖⑧(Smarties Book Prize) 1997年，《好心眼儿巨人》（The BFG）收入“过去二十年最佳图书”的好书指南一列 1998年，《玛蒂尔达》在英国BBC举办的“国家最受欢迎儿童图书”的书虫投票中获得提名 2000年，《查理和巧克力工厂》获米奈涅姆儿童图书奖（Millennium Children"s Book Award）和蓝彼得图书奖（Blue Peter Book Award） 2000年，美国教育部主持在中小学学生与老师中进行的“孩子们最喜欢的100种书”的评选中，《好心眼儿巨人》、《查理和巧克力工厂》、《女巫》、《玛蒂尔达》、《詹姆斯和大仙桃》等5部作品入选，在入选数量上紧追美国本土的苏斯博士之后（苏斯博士有6种入选）。[3] 人物影响 罗尔德·达尔是当代世界最重要的奇幻文学作家之一。他的作品构思奇特，情节紧凑，在每个故事的一开始就打破现实与幻想之间的常规对应，给人一种或幽默或荒诞或机智的美感；同时更重要的是，他的作品都具有一种让人一读就爱不释手的魔力。2000年，英国在“世界图书日”期间进行的一次“我最喜欢的作家”投票中，达尔这个名字高踞榜首，连《哈利·波特》的作者J.K.罗琳也只能位列其后。由此可见他在英国读者心目中的地位。[4] 罗尔德达尔之墓 达尔对世界儿童文学的影响是巨大的，其作品已被翻译成三十六种文字在世界各地出版。他的作品及其中的人物已成为许多电影、电视连续剧、音乐和诗歌的创作源泉，令无数孩子和成年人着迷，而教师们也往往把达尔的书当作向孩子介绍世界文学的入门读物。达尔曾经说过：“我热衷于教孩子们学会读书，使他们对书感到惬意而不是畏惧。书不应该让人感到畏惧，而应该有趣、令人兴奋、奇妙无比，养成读书的习惯会让人受益无穷。“[5]

《伊索寓言》（aesop"sfables）的作者伊索。相传其中的故事是关于一名埃塞俄比亚黑人奴隶在监禁中所创作的。

Down-jasonwalker

神话故事：后羿射日 嫦娥奔月 夸父追日 盘古开天辟地 女娲造人 精卫填海传说故事：重阳节的传说 “观音”的由来 花木兰 孔雀东南飞 红拂女和李靖的故事童话故事：豌豆公主 人鱼公主 睡美人 白雪公主和七个小矮人 灰姑娘民间故事：孟姜女哭长城 山羊驮砖 鹅仙洞传奇 虎怕漏 凌波仙子寓言故事：龟兔赛跑 揠苗助长 守株待兔 郑人买履 杯弓蛇影

After Reading “Aesop"s Fables” When I was young, people around me of the told me the story “The Shepherd"s Boy and the Wolf “ in order to educate me to be an honest person. At that age, in my opinion, it was just a story written by my parents or other people I knew to frighten me. As I grow older, I get to know that it is a fable from a very famous book “Aesop"s Fables”. The book “Aesop"s Fables” wasn"t written by Aesop but was collected and anthologized by him. The working people created the stories in the book in ancient times. They created the stories using their living experiences and imagination, and then handed them down from generation to generation. The book one of the precious cultural heritages. There"re more than one hundred fables in the book. The protagonists of most of the fables are animals or plants, which are depicted like human beings. This writing technique is called personification that is often used in fables and fairy tales. Each fable that is short and understandable tells us a philosophy. There are o stories that impress me most. The first one is “ The tortoise and the Eagle”. A tortoise was plaining of her hard fate that no one would teach her to fly when an eagle hovered bear. He heard her lamentation and promised to take her a lift and float her in the air if she could give him some rewards. And then he carried her up in the sky suddenly he let her go. The poor tortoise fell down on a mountain. At the moment of death she cried:” I have deserved my present fates for what had I to do with wings and clouds, and who can with difficulty move about on the earth?” The story tells us if men had all they wished, they would be ruined. I quite agree with it. Take our personal lives for example. Everyone has his own merit and demerit. One is good at singing while another is good at dancing. Nobody can have all the skills that can be imagined. This is the reason why some people are fit for making decision while other people are suitable for carrying out the decision. So it is no need for us to be jealous of others as we have our own feature, which other haven"t. The second one is “The Bear and the o Travelers”. It tells us that misfortune tests the sincerity of friends. People live among a group of friends of whom some are true friends while some are untrue friends. When you are in trouble, observe your friends attitude towards you, you"ll find who are your true friends and who are not. “Aesop"s Fables” is a nice book for us to learn more philosophy of life and more useful new words. 　　After Reading “Aesop"s Fables” 　　老人与海》英文读后感 On summer vacation of this year, I studied in novel " old man and sea " of Hemingway , famous writer of U.S.A. ,. I admire the old fisherman"s will in the novel very much, he lets me understand that a person must have unremitting spirit, could succeed . What the novel is described is an old fisherman almost the sixty years old, when go to sea and fish alone once, have angled to a big fish, but can not draw. After tough fisherman and fish have socialized for a few days, just find this is a big Malin"s fish which exceeds several times of one"s own fishing boat, though know perfectly well that it is very difficult to win , does not give up yet. Because big Malin fish fishlike *** ell of wound attract odd herds of shark vie for the food again later, but the old man is still unwilling to give up like this, stress the tight encirclement finally , take the large fish back to fishing port , let other fishmen admire it endlessly. The old fisherman thinks that as I read ": It is really too close from here to coast, perhaps there are bigger fish in the farther place ……" When,admire very much because this old fisherman in the persons, because play not for some fishing he already at this moment I, but he is not satisfied with the existing state of affairs , but advance towards greater goal. Seeing us again, meet some little difficulties at ordinary times , all of us plain bitterly. We are the future of the motherland, should be as ambitious as this old man, go to pursue well , greater goal. Read as me " big Malin fish is it enclose light fishing boat move about , is it get mast to ine cable fast to begin, old man right hand hold steel fork high , jump out in a flash , affording to try one"s best above water in it, a sound of wail has finished the life of the loud fish, it floats on the surface of water silently ……"When,the I one heart is too fall like pieces of stone not big. I admire that kind of fearing of the old man at all , unremitting spirit very much, though know rival"s strength is very strong , but he has not shrunk back at all , meets the difficulty. Just because there is this kind of spirit, the old fisherman has obtained the victory of the trial of strength of this life and death. We should study the old fisherman"s spirit too in life, do the thing and is not afraid of the difficulty , could achieve success . Read big blood offensive *** ell of fish *** ell one shark , fall over each other to visit to vie for the food, left hand of old man pull a muscle just, he can only use right hand, can weapon attacked to used for defend oneself with stick , mouth of swordfish that catch everything, and has driven away this herd of shark finally. But big meat of fish take into big half already, but old man criticize one"s own left hand " when the work this when have a rest " humorously also, I am subdued by old man"s optimistic spirit too. In life, some losses are unavoidable, we should treat the optimistic attitude , can"t worry about petty gain or loss . Finally, the novel sees with a teenager that old fisherman has 18 feet of big long Malin"s fish totally in the tolerance , the ones that have described this fish are enormous again, prove that old fisherman"s difficulty overe is big, than ordinary. Old fisherman"s spirit that makes great efforts to struggle fearless of danger and difficulty that the novel has been extolled, we should be like him too, can" t be satisfied with the current situation , should be positive upwards, it should be unremitting to do anything, it must not give up halfway to meeting difficulty should meet the difficulty. Only in this way, we could obtain greater success and victory . 　　我的读书笔记 最近闲来无事读了一部原版的外国小说《德伯家的苔丝》（TESS OF THE D‘URBERVILLE）。 《德伯家的苔丝》是托马斯.哈代著称于世的“威塞克斯系列”中的一部力作。小说描述了一位纯洁姑娘的不幸命运。主人公苔丝是一位美丽的农家少女，因受东家少爷诱迫而失身怀孕。从此，这一耻辱的事实剥夺了她接受真正爱情的权利，致使新婚之夜遭丈夫遗弃。后来，万般无奈之中，她重回了少爷的怀抱，不料，就在这时她那有名无实的丈夫拖着病躯千里归来，苦苦寻觅。苔丝为了自己真正的爱，毅然杀死同居的少爷，在与丈夫短暂欢聚后，走上了绞刑台。 在读这本小说中，其间一些形容主人公苔丝的句子如下。 第一次描写时用到的：A young girl turned her head at these words. She was fine and very pretty, with a face full of expression. Tess Durbeyfield was full of strong feelings, but untouched by experience.The child she had been sometimes appeared in her face. At times you could see her elfth year in her cheeks,or her ninth in her bright eyes. 苔丝在遭遇到少爷时的描写：The wind blew through Tess"s white dress to her skin. Her washed hair flew out behind . She was determined to show no open fear, but she held d"Urberville"s arm. 失身于少爷后对苔丝的描写：Tess increasingly kept herself apart from other people. She sat in her room, day after day. Here, under the roof, she watched beautiful sunsets, and the following moons. She remained there so long that almost everybody thought she had gone away. Only at night did she leave the house. In the fields, in the woods, and on the hills, she found some peace. Even here her heart was filled with shame and guilt. But for no reason. She had been made to break a social law, but no law known to nature. 　　茶花女 I read the Chinese version of “Camille” a few years ago. At that time I was deeply moved by the main character Marguerite Gautier. “Camille” or “The Lady of the Camellias” by Alexandre Dumas, fils, is the story of Marguerite Gautier, a young courtesan, or kept woman, in Paris in the mid 1800"s, and how she falls in love with a young man, Armand Duval, and then tries to escape from her questionable past. I think Marguerite was right in saying that no one truly cared about her, but only wanted something from her, the only exceptions being Armand and Julie Duprat. Of course, the Comte de G. and Comte de N. wanted her body and appearance. The Duke needed to “wake up and *** ell the coffee” and realize that she could never replace his dead daughter. If he truly cared, he could have helped her leave her lifestyle without “keeping” her himself. And lastly, Prudence was a blood-sucking leech who used Marguerite almost worse than the men. I also think she was jealous of the fact that Marguerite had so much more courage than herself and someone truly loved her. 　　I read 《Snow White》。This is a very interesting book。Thii stroy talk about Snow White and queen。 Snow white are beauitful，so the queen hated her 。 But Snow White were very lucky and clever 。 From this stroy， I learned we should have some friends is very important。 希望被你采纳，我花了10分钟。

...! 安徒生童话

狼来了作者：伊索[英文] AESOP; ESOP; YESO; sop; Izzo; [例句]《伊索寓言》含蕴着丰富的哲理。There is plenty of Philosophy in aesop"s fables.

十二生肖守护神 这应该是里面的一个小故事

考前冲刺系列——英语阅读一串讲讲义(节选) 英语阅读一串讲讲义 阅读理解的解体要略 一篇文章包括主题，中心思想材料结构、语言、风格、效果等要素。一般而言阅读有两个目的。一是休闲,二是求知.但是考试阅读理解的文章和题目是为了迅速准确回答文章后所附的问题。并充分展示综合英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解英语书面材料的能力。英语阅读（一） 考试旨在考察对于全书三十五篇课文的内容写作风格、语言、主题、人物刻画以及深层次含义的分析和理解。而这三十多篇文章是以单元结构来划分的。它们涉及到文学作品、历史传记、童话寓言、人物写真等。我们知道，阅读活动是获取信息和知识的最重要、最直接同时也是最普通的一种手段。根据考纲的要求，阅读就是要能理解所读材料的主旨大意，分辨出其中的事实和细节；能够理解字面意义和隐含意义，能根据所读材料判断和推理，能分析所读材料的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞方法。 在对阅读理解（一）的串讲过程中，重点还是要向大家介绍最常用的同时也是最实用的阅读方法。 1．“目读”（只读不看） 我们知道限制阅读速度的不是大脑，而是眼睛。影响大脑反应思考的是眼睛摄取信息并将信息传递给大脑的速度。 2．略读（skimming） 略读是一种快速阅读方法。略读的目的不是帮助你搜寻细节，而是找出文章的主题、中心思想、组织结构的宏观信息。 因此，略读是只需注意文章的关键部分，如文章的第一段和最后一段，各段的第一、二和最后一句，其他部分可以一带而过。 3．“寻读”（scanning） 寻读也是一种快速阅读的方法，在正式阅读之前，心中已有了明确的寻找目标，即文章中某一个具体的信息，如时刻、地点、人名、数字等。具体要做的就是先判断所需信息可能在何处出现。然后将目光在此处逐字逐行快速移动，直到搜索到目标为止。 下面，我就和大家一道回顾复习三十五课的内容。 将分为五大部分进行讲解。 第一部分 (Lesson 1 – lesson 5) Lesson1, Gifts of the Magi 麦琪的礼物 重点段落如下（p4） “Della stopped crying. she stood by the window and looked out .Tomorrow would be Christmas day and she had only are dollar eighty-seven cents with which to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months and this is all she had got. She had spent many happy hours planning something nice for him something fire and beautiful which was really worthy of Jim” 主人公Della和Jim是因为彼此深爱对方却不能为对方送礼物而伤心哭泣。对于心理的描写细腻入微，传神逼真。 将Della满怀深情的无奈和热烈甜蜜的憧憬通过具体的描绘呈现在读者面前。字里行间似乎是仅仅是因为没有适合心意的礼物而透出淡淡的忧伤，但深层含义还包含着真爱，抗争，风险和社会的不公，以及，贯穿始终的圣诞的礼物，爱人间的礼物，生命的馈赠和礼物。 文章另外一个重点段落，也就是文章的结尾段。 “The Magi brought presents to Jesus Christ on the first Christmas of all Christmas .They first had the idea of giving Christmas presents. They were wise. Here I have told you this story of two foolish children in a poor set of rooms who gave up for each other his or her greatest treasure. They chose their presents unwisely; but those gifts which are the sign of real love are the best gifts of all. 这一个结尾段点明了文章所要表达的主旨 real love is the best gifts of all .Meanwhile, please focus on some key words would help you better comprehensive. For instance: Wise, two foolish children, poor rooms greatest, give up. Unwise real love, If you can print out all these words which form an outline of the whole story .do you can use them to retell the story and answer the questions many related. 《麦琪的礼物》作为经典名篇，最可能考察的有以下几点：1 主旨 2人物性格 3 写作风格。其中“写作风格”一向比较复杂，可以额外归纳为注重情节和心理刻画，以细节取胜，结局出人意料。 Focus on details and psychological description, Plots winner and unexpected ending. Good order and delicate word choosing. Tell you what"s the meaning of real love Touch your heart with beautiful story. 本文的另外一个重点是作者，O Henry: 欧.亨利。 O Henry is the penname of William Sidney Porter. He began to write in name of O. Henry at the time he was in prison. He is famous for short novel. He is a productive whiter and a celebrated author. 本文可能会出现的问题。Possible questions and suggestion answers. 1) Do you think it is unwise of Mr. Mrs. young to give up for each other his of her greatest treasure what comments do you make about their choice? （你认为他们彼此放弃最宝贵的东西是不明智的么？对于他们的选择你有什么评论么？） (本文可以对照lesson30 true love 来学习。) 2） what is the theme (主题)of the story? How do you feel about the end of the story? 3） Where do you think the climax of the story lies? (参考回答2.The theme of the story is “real love is the greatest treasure in the world.” Love is a complex word including the conflict between reflex and reflection The end of the story is the best part of the story. It has conquered the reader"s heart and offer them an unexpected strange for imagination. 3 The climax of the story lies on the when Jim and Della surprised saw each other with cut their own best treasures at the moment they want to gave out their planned presents. Lesson 2 No Marriage No apologies 文章讲述的是现代人在不同年龄段和生活背景下对于婚姻的看法和观点。以及作者对此所展开的思想和讨论。文章的体裁类似于社会调查报告，通过案例分析，数据对比，正反面论证，背景资料剖析等方法。理智分析了婚姻这一社会性问题。 一、 文章的主题表现在结尾段的评述中 The theme of passage is : “We can"t go back to a society where people don"t have sex or live together at all before marriage, Nor do they want to one whole people are matched up at 20 for life”. So, we should treat marriage with a wisely eye and calm attitude. Follow with the social trace and find our own way. 二 如何学习类似文章： 此类刊登在报刊上的文章往往通过摆事实讲道理，例证，数据，等具体信息来阐述对于某一社会问题的见解。借以引起人群的广泛探讨。 我们建议通过略读和寻读相结合的方法。即：注重文章的关键部分，每一部分的首句和结尾句。寻读信息的出现点，数据，例证，结论等。这样一来。看似杂乱无章的布局也会轮廓清晰起来，细节理顺了，主题理解自然也会水道渠成。 三 文章中的重点论证： The very dramatic thing is the difference in attitudes in nontraditionally family behavior. Professor Bumpass, citing data from survey that showed only small segment of people disapproved of the premarital sex and cohabitation . It is clear to me that the trends we have been observing are likely to continue, with a declining emphasis on marriage. People see little difference between marriage and cohabitation. 需要注意的10个词语： 1 disapprove of 2 skittish 3 cautious 4 spirit 5 mores 6 institution 7 consultant 8 cohabitation 9 fidelity 10 match up (Compare with Lesson 11) Possible questions: 1 For what reason are more people choosing cohabitation rather than marriage? (For many people, cohabitation provides a chance for a shared life without a shared bank account; no less strength of commutation, more freedom and less duties.) 2 Do you think that there is a cause – and – effect relation between cohabitation and divorce? ( Cohabitation can not translate into a good marriage but can effect the divorce because of it"s limitations.) Lesson 11 It is about upbringing a child and the education problem. Upbringing and education are interdependent. Where one stage of child development has been left out, or not sufficiently Experienced, it will influence his or her later development. 从更加一般的意义上讲，培养孩子的问题是一个家庭内部关系的问题，其中首要的前提是孩子与父母有稳定的感情，他们在对待孩子的问题上必须态度一致，既考虑孩子的心理健康也要适时开启他们的智力道德和社会责任感。 Lesson 3 The Decameron I)The author : Giovanni Boccaccio ,influenced by Pettrach (彼特。拉克) the pioneer of Europe Humanity Movement . His work including legendary, epic, poem, essay and so on. His most important work is “The Decammeron” 《十日谈》记述了1348 年， 意大利佛罗伦萨流行黑死病。十名青年（三男七女）结伴避于一乡间别墅。为了消磨时光，他们每人每天讲一个故事。〈〈十日谈〉〉记述了他们所讲的100个故事，其中许多故事取材于中世纪传说，东方故事和历史事件。〈〈十日谈〉〉是欧洲文学史上第一部现实主义巨著，是意大利古典散文完美的典范，对欧洲文艺复兴的文学影响极为深远 “ it is the first great work of realism in literature history in Europe ,as well as the perfect model of Italian classical essay. It has profound influence on Europe renaissance literature for then and forever. (II) The main idea of the story : It is about a very beautiful and accomplished young girl Lisabetta ,who was born in a rich family with three young brothers. She fallen in love with Lorenzo who worked for her brothers and saw to all of their work. Her brother discovered their love affairs and they proposed to kill Lorenzo in order to apart the two lovers. At last, the Lisabetta died of crying and sadness. After a time the whole affair became known to many people. And hand down form generation to generation. 学习《十日谈》重点在于作家和作品背景，抓住文章主旨和深层含义。以及他所要反映的现实主义思想。呼唤思想解放和人性自由的愿望。人文主义思想也是学习的另一重点。 Lesson 4 and Lesson 5 The Canterbury Tales (i) (ii) The Canterbury Tales vividly pictured the life of 14century and the people of every work of the society. It reflects the humanism spirit of rebelling to the feudalism and church. It contains 24 stories. 《坎特伯雷故事集》是英国现实主义文学创始人乔叟的代表作。他生动描述了十四世纪英国各界层的生活，体现了反封建反教会的人文主义思想。 乔叟被称为英国诗歌之父。在文学史上享有很高声誉。 Possible questions: 1) What was beauty according to the old ugly woman? What do you think is real beauty? 2) How did the Queen to find a way to save the life of knight? 3) Did the knight promise to what he promised? 4) Is there anything suggestion to men in the wife of Bath"s tale? 5) Do you agree that the love money is the cause of guilty? 6) How do you understand the word of “death” in the title? Key sentences: 1) The love of money is the cause of all evil, It is the cause of all wrong-doing and of all the bad things which can happen to man. 2) To pardon means to forgive .God will then pardon them for any evil which they have done. 3) The three young men were very pleased to see all this money. They did not remember that they were trying to find Death. 第二部分 寓言，童话， 幽默小品文： Lesson 6 The lady or the tiger Lesson 8 The Fishman and his wife Lesson 9 The Animals of Aesop Lesson 10 The Celebrated Jumping Frog of the Calareras County Lesson 9 The Animals of Aesop The animals in Aesop always be given a moral or a lesson which we can learn from. Fables are never about true events, but they can tell us things about ourselves. Aesop wrote many fables about animals that talked and acted like human. And when we can find ourselves in them, we enjoy the stories even more. In Aesop"s fables monkey, fox, crow, eagle, wolf are all on behalf of man"s personality and they do things like men do. They all represent different life attitude and different moral behaviors, whatever wise and stupid, kind and cruel. Aesop give life to animals and made them alive for hundreds and hundreds years. 伊索，约公元前六世纪古希腊寓言家。相传他原为奴隶。善讲寓言故事，讽刺权贵，褒贬时政，抗议不公正的生活阶层的不幸。每一个故事都有道德方面的教训和深刻的寓意。 （II） Key sentences: I It is not good to listen to too much flattery words. 2 When a person says: “I didn"t want that anyway, ” it is often a case of “sour grapes” Lesson 10 The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calareras Country 《卡拉维拉斯县有名的跳蛙》这原来是在酒店里流传的笑话，马克.吐温听过多次，在1865年纽约一家报纸上发表，以下就成了美国文学边疆幽默故事的代表作，马克.吐温从此名声大噪。这个看似荒诞怪异的故事，初看上去冗长，恼人，无用，甚至让人感到乏味无聊。但是他真正的魅力就在于次。于轻松幽默之间。平淡无奇之中令人捧腹开怀，而后思揣良久。故事语言生动亲切，人物造型丰满，结构紧凑完整。 The key Characteristics: Leonidasw. Smiley ; Jim Smiley; and Simon Wheeler Possible questions: 1) Why couldn"t Daniel jump? How much did Smiley lose because he couldn"t jump? 2) What other kinds of animals did Smiley own besides his frog and horse? 第三部分 小说和题材小说 Novels and fiction Lesson 12 A Day"s Wait Lesson 13 Art for Heart"s Sake Lesson 14 How to Live Like a Millionaire Lesson 15 Rip Van Winkle (I) Lesson 16 Rip Van Winkle (II) Lesson 12 A Day"s Wait Written by Ernest Hemingway （欧内斯特.海明威） 海明威的著作有长篇小说《太阳照样升起》The Sun also Rises ,1926 《永别了，武器》（A Farewell to Arms,1929）《丧钟为谁而鸣》（For Whom the Bells tolls, 1940） and 《老人与海》 （The Old Man and the Sea, 1952） In 1954 he won the Nobel Prize of literature. Hemingway often thought of courage as a person"s ability to be calm and controlled in the face of death. He is noted for writing short story, simple sentences but powerful. You can look at the text closet and decide whether this is true of the language. The story is built around the misunderstanding between the father and his little son. They are each thinking of different things in the conversation. We can see the character of the father form the hunting scene and his influence upon his son. Lesson 14 How do you accumulate wealth? Do you agree with that millionaires who measure success by how much net worth one has accumulated? The story tells us information is crucial not only to the investors but also to the other fields of life and work. Whatever we did, it occurred to us that we are making wealth accumulation to your good every day. So art for heart"s sake. Because in today you are walking into tomorrow and don"t pay all you attention ton what you want to accumulate the wealth. Lesson 15 Lesson 16 （I）（Rip Van Winkle）瑞普.凡.温克尔的作者 Washington Irving 华盛顿，欧文。 出生于美国独立战争结束的1783年。在这样一个特殊的历史背景下， 已有的社会习惯和社会生活方式发生了很大的改变，人们生活的各个方面也有了重大变革。一切都需要变化同时也需要适应。从人们的思想、习惯、价值观和工作态度，不再需要彷惶和茫然，需要的是积极的顺应变化并且找到自己的新的位置。 像在 Dutch Village （荷兰殖民者留下的小村，直到1776年 美国独立前一直是英属殖民地。） Rip is a lazy man , idleness and henpecked husband. After a 20 years sleeping. Everything has changed, the village where he lived, the friends who feel pity upon him, the inn where he could got fun and the tree where he could got relax. Everything had changed and vanished forever. He was himself alone and he couldn"t adopt to the new society and the same time he refused to acknowledged the time of the new world . （II） Washington Irving 华盛顿.欧文 是第一位引起世界文坛注意美国作家，被誉为美国文学之父。他最著名的散文民间故事集《见闻札记》其中的现代短篇小说《睡谷的传说》(The legend of the Sleepy Hollow) and ( Rip Van Winkle) He is skilled in situational description and plot foil. His gentle style and beautiful language made him distinguished from the writers at his age.

伊索寓言英语翻译为：Aesops Fables。 Aesops Fables：n.伊索寓言； 例： The stories are called Aesops Fables. 这些故事叫伊索寓言。 扩展资料 　　We would like to encourage artists to reference the original Grimm fairytales and also Aesop"s Fables for inspiration. 　　我们鼓励并希望参赛选手以格林童话，伊索寓言中的故事为改造的`原型。 　　Aesop"s fables illustrate moral maxims. 　　伊索寓言阐明了道德准则。 　　One day, I found a bright Linlang Shanzhao as shiny pearl, this pearl is Aesop"s Fables. 　　有一天，我发现了一颗闪着璀璨琳琅般光泽的珍珠，这颗珍珠便是《伊索寓言》！

【 #英语资源# 导语】《伊索寓言》是古希腊文学中的一块瑰宝，数千年以来以其独特的智慧和艺术魅力令人爱不释手，历传不衰。以下是 为大家精心整理的内容，欢迎大家阅读。 1.《伊索寓言》英文读后感 　　I think where a good book is. For our middle school students, can it give us wisdom and Enlightenment. Therefore, my favorite book is Aesop"s fables, which was written by Aesop, who was knowledgeable in ancient Greece, and condensed his wisdom and hard work. Now I really want to say that this book is my good friend, because it has helped me and let me know a lot of truth. 　　In this book, I like the story of bat, thorn bird and diving bird best. The story is that the three of them had a lucky haircut and made a lot of money, and then invested in the sea transportation business. As a result, they encountered storms and capsized on the way. Three people suffered heavy losses. After a long time, others asked them to do the same business, but they said nothing and saved their life. 　　After reading this story, I feel that they are very smart, because they suffered a big loss in this matter, they remember this painful lesson, and always remember it, which has become a reference for them not to make the same mistake again. I can"t help thinking that I am the same, but I don"t have a long memory. After a fall in a certain place, one after another fell in the same place and suffered a lot of dumb losses. Now I have learned that I should remember the lesson and understand how I can never make the same mistake again. I learned this. I feel smart and never make mistakes again. I have maintained such a vigilant heart both in my study and in my life. 　　Aesop"s fables are really interesting. The more you read them later, the more exciting they feel. A story called sick deer deeply taught me. It"s about a sick road. Because some fair weather friends came to his house, they finally ate up all the food in his house. Later, the deer starved to death because there was nothing to eat. I was shocked when I read this story, because I have many friends, but many of them are empty bags and don"t do their jobs. My mother often told me to break away from them, but I didn"t listen. Now this story makes me very worried about myself. Will I have this ending one day. For my own tomorrow, I decided not to associate with those people. I made some good friends with good character. As a result, my grades have become better and my moral character has been upright. This makes me happy and makes me realize that making friends means making some capable people who are harmless to themselves and have good conduct. It"s good for me to make friends with less useless people. 　　After reading Aesop"s fables, I think every story is meaningful. The stories of dolphins and monkeys are especially suitable for our life. He told a monkey that he cheated the dolphin who saved him because he fell into the water and said he was a noble friend. But the dolphin knew he was lying and drowned the liar. 　　I think this story reminds some dishonest people in our life. Told us that people should be honest and not deliberately deceive others, otherwise they will cause trouble. Because what people need is sincerity, not dangerous deception. With an honest bridge, people"s relations will be closer, so as to make our harmonious society more harmonious. After reading this story, I knew that I should never lie to my parents and all my friends. As a result, they all thought I was a good child and praised me when they saw me. This makes me deeply realize that if I want to leave a good image in the eyes of others, I don"t rely on flattery, but I should have a shining heart to others, full of sincerity between heart and heart. 2.《伊索寓言》英文读后感 　　This book is my favorite for three reasons: first, I like the author"s self-improvement spirit very much; Second, small stories and great principles are short and thought-provoking; Third, I learned a lot of knowledge from it. 　　Aesop"s fables is named after the author. The whole book consists of 310 short stories. Each short article has one knowledge, and each knowledge condenses into an ocean, with sarcasm, kind advice and more hardship. 　　The author of this book is Aesop, a child who grew up in suffering. In his childhood, he was a mute, but his mother loved him very much and often told him stories; After his mother"s death, Aesop followed the old man who had taken care of him, left home to roam around, and learned many stories about birds, insects and animals. They lived happily together for many years. One day Aesop dreamed that the God of luck smiled kindly at him, put his fingers into his mouth and relaxed his tongue. When he woke up, he was surprised to find that he could speak. Therefore, Aesop"s Fables was born. 3.《伊索寓言》英文读后感 　　During the summer vacation, I read a lot of books. What impressed me was Aesop"s fables《 Aesop"s fables is known as the ancestor of fables, and its emergence has laid the cornerstone of fables as a literary theme. 　　I think Aesop"s fables is the crystallization of people"s life experience and experience. It is not only profound, but also very charming and approachable. Although it is short and simple in structure, it is vivid and contains profound meaning《 Aesop"s fables are mostly animal fables. It uses anthropomorphic techniques to make them think, move and talk like people, so as to form a living world. 　　There are many stories in Aesop"s fables, among which my favorite is wolf and shepherd. It says that once upon a time, a wolf coveted the sheep at the foot of the mountain. In order to eat the sheep, the wolf came up with a wonderful way. The wolf follows the sheep honestly every day and is the guardian of the sheep. At first, the shepherd was always on guard against Wolves and always on guard against Wolves. However, after a long time, the shepherd found that the wolf not only didn"t want to eat the sheep, but also often came forward to help him protect the sheep. Gradually, the shepherd stopped guarding against the wolf and thought it was a very honest, loyal and trustworthy "shepherd dog". In this way, the wolf gained the shepherd"s trust and became his friend. Until once, the shepherd needed to go out because of an emergency. In a hurry, he handed over the sheep to the wolf for protection, and the wolf readily agreed. After the shepherd left, the wolf killed all the sheep and dragged them into the cave to enjoy them slowly. When the shepherd came back, he found that a sheep was missing and surrounded by blood. He knew that he had been deceived. 　　After reading this story, I learned that it is difficult for a fierce and dangerous man to get rid of his bad nature. We must not be blinded by his occasional kindness and docility, because there are often hidden mysteries.

作品列表编辑成人小说①长篇小说1948年：SometimeNever: A Fable for Supermen1979年：超完美情夫（My UncleOswald）②短篇小说集1946年：Over To You:Ten Stories of Flyers and Flying1953年：Someone LikeYou1960年：Kiss Kiss1969年：Twenty-NineKisses from Roald Dahl1979年：达尔惊奇小说选一：南美怪客（Tales of theUnexpected）1974年：Switch BitchISBN 0 1400 4179 61980年：达尔惊奇小说选二：开罗艳遇（More Tales of theUnexpected）1978年：罗尔德·达尔精选集（The Best of Roald Dahl）1983年：罗尔德·达尔的鬼故事（Roald Dahl"s Book ofGhost Stories）1989年：啊，美妙神秘的生命（Ah, SweetMystery of Life: The Country Stories of Roald Dahl）1991年：达尔短篇故事集（The CollectedShort Stories of Dahl）1986年：Two Fables1997年：The GreatAutomatic Grammatizator2000年：TheMildenhall Treasure2006年：Roald Dahl:Collected Stories儿童文学①儿童故事1943年：《捣乱小精灵》（The Gremlins）1961年：詹姆斯与大仙桃（James and theGiant Peach）1962年: 好小子—童年故事 (The Boy)1964年：查理和巧克力工厂（Charlie andthe Chocolate Factory）1966年：魔法手指（The Magic Finger）1970年：了不起的狐狸爸爸（Fantastic MrFox）1973年：查理和大玻璃升降机（Charlie andthe Great Glass Elevator），《查理与巧克力工厂》的续集。1975年：世界冠军丹尼（Danny theChampion of the World）1977年：亨利·休格的神奇故事(The WonderfulStory of Henry Sugar and Six More)1978年：大大大大的鳄鱼（The EnormousCrocodile）1980年：蠢特夫妇（The Twits）1981年：小乔治的神奇魔药（George"s MarvelousMedicine）1982年：好心眼儿巨人（The BFG）1983年：女巫（The Witches）1985年：长颈鹿、小鹈儿和我（The Giraffeand the Pelly and Me）1988年：玛蒂尔达（Matilda），或译《小魔女》1989年：喂咕呜爱情咒（Esio Trot）1991年：逃家男孩（The Minpins）1991年：The Vicar ofNibbleswicke②儿童诗歌1982年：Revolting Rhymes1983年：Dirty Beasts1989年：Rhyme Stew剧本1955年：The Honeys 创作于百老汇长亩剧场。电影剧本1967年：You Only LiveTwice1968年：Chitty ChittyBang Bang1971年：The NightDigger1971年：威利·旺卡与巧克力工厂（Willy Wonka & theChocolate Factory）非小说类1984年：好小子—我的童年故事（Boy – Tales of Childhood）至16岁的生平数据，尤其在20世纪初在英国的学习生涯。1986年：独闯天下（Going Solo）自传的续编，记述了他在贝壳石油公司和在坦桑尼亚战前的工作。1986年：Measles, aDangerous Illness1991年：Memories withFood at Gipsy House1991年：Roald Dahl"sGuide to Railway Safety1993年：My Year1993年：The RoaldDahl Ominibus

Reading the "Aesop"s Fables," this book, so I put it down, with many feeling that their hearts are always thinking about the contents of this book, which people always come in my eyes. "Aesop"s Fables," the author of Aesop"s ancient Greek, he is a legendary figure, he has written are a phenomenon of life, criticism, inspiration and lessons learned. With everyone is most familiar with, for example several fables to you. "The wolf and the lamb" in this parable is talking about: the wolf wanted to eat lamb, by all means come and lamb sophistry. To expose the darkness of society at that time.

In its strict sense a fable is a short story or folk tale embodying a moral which may be expressed explicitly at the end as a maxim. "Fable" es from Latin fabula (meaning "conversation" "narrative" "tale") and shares a root with faber "maker artificer." Thus though a fable may be conversational in tone the understanding from the outset is that it is an invention a fiction. A fable may be set in verse though it is usually prose. In its pejorative sense a fable is a deliberately invented or falsified account. A fable often but not necessarily makes metaphorical use of an animal as its central character. Medieval French fabliaux might feature Reynard the fox a trickster figure and offer a subtext that was mildly subversive of the feudal order of society. A familiar theme in Slavic fables is an encounter beeen a wily peasant and the Devil. But the device of personification may be extended to anything inanimate such as trees flowers stones streams and winds. In some usage "fable" has been extended to include stories with mythical or legendary elements. The word "fabulous" strictly me "pertaining to fables " although in recent decades its metaphorical meanings have been taken to be literal meanings i.e. "legendary " "mythical " "exaggerated " "incredible." An author of fables is called a fabulist. History Fables have long been told. The earliest notable fabulist was Aesop a supposed Greek slave in the 6th century BC. Although no solid evidence exists proving Aesop was a real person some consider him the father of the genre. Hundreds of fables have been attributed to him though many have been told earlier. In ancient India many fables were posed in the first millenium BC often within a frame story. These included Hitopadesha Baital Pachisi and Vishnu Sarma"s Panchatantra which were collections of fables that were later influential throughout the Old World. The earlier Indian epics Ramayana and Mahabharata also contained fables within the main story often as side stories. Fables had a further long tradition through the Middle Ages and became part of European literature. During the 17th century the French fabulist Jean de La Fontaine (1621-1695) saw the soul of the fable in the moral — a rule of behavior. Starting with the Aesopian pattern La Fontaine set out to satirize the court the church the rising bourgeoisie indeed the entire human scene of his time. La Fontaine"s model was subsequently emulated by Poland"s Ignacy Krasicki (1735-1801) and Russia"s Ivan Krylov (1769-1844). In modern times the fable has been trivialized in children"s books. Yet it has also been fully adapted to modern literature. For instance James Thurber used the ancient style in his book Fables for Our Time; and in a book The Beast in me unmasked by fables. Gee Orwell"s Animal Farm satirizes Stalinist Communi *** in particular and totalitariani *** in general by using the animal story. Epicharmus of Kos and Phormis are reported as having been among the first to invent ic fables. en. *** /wiki/Fable fable---short story not based on fact often with animals as characters that conveys a moral. it is more or less like legend or myth. It would not be truth but may have some special meaning behind 参考: self

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是伊索

出自《埃索波斯故事集成》一书!

《伊索寓言》是一部世界上最早的寓言故事集.《伊索寓言》（Aesop"s Fables）作者伊索。相传其中故事是一名埃塞俄比亚黑人奴隶所作，“伊索”即是“埃塞俄”的谐音。从作品来看，时间跨度大，各篇的倾向也不完全一样，据推测，它不是一人一时之作，可以看作是古希腊人在相当长的历史时期内的集体创作。伊索，可能是其中的一位重要作者。 相传伊索是公元前6世纪古希腊人，奴隶，善于讲动物故事。现存的《伊索寓言》，是古希腊、古罗马时代流传下来的故事，经后人汇集，统归在伊索名下。《伊索寓言》通过简短而精炼的小寓言故事来体现日常生活中那些不为我们察觉的真理。这些小故事言简意赅，平易近人，富有哲理。不但读者众多，而且在文学史上也具有重大影响。作家，诗人、哲学家、平常百姓都从中得到过启发和乐趣。到几千年后的今天，伊索寓言已成为西方寓言文学的范本。亦是世界上流传最广的经典作品之一。《伊索寓言》是世界上最早的寓言童话集之一。阅读量仅次于《圣经》。

《Aesop"s Fables》（Aesop）电子书网盘下载免费在线阅读链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/13u_AuJCUDXrx7qGZJKEV9g 提取码:at12书名：Aesop"s Fables作者：Aesop豆瓣评分：8.6出版社：Signet Classics出版年份：2001-1-1页数：304

《伊索寓言》（Aesop"s Fables）原书名为《埃索波斯故事集成》，是古希腊民间流传的讽喻故事，经后人加工，成为现在流传的《伊索寓言》。相传其中故事是一名埃塞俄比亚黑人奴隶所做，"伊索"即是"埃塞俄"的谐音。从作品来看，时间跨度大，各篇的倾向也不完全一样，据推测，它不是一人一时之作，，可以看作是古希腊人在相当长的历史时期内的集体创作。伊索，可能是其中的一位重要作者。伊索寓言，来自民间，所以社会底层人民的生活和思想感情得到了较突出的反映。如对富人贪婪自私的揭露；对恶人残忍本性的鞭鞑；对劳动创造财富的肯定；对社会不平等的抨击；对懦弱、懒惰的讽刺；对勇敢斗争的赞美。还有许多寓言，教人如何处世，如何做人，怎样辨别是非好坏，怎样变得聪明、智慧。伊索寓言是古希腊人生活和斗争的概况、提炼和总结，是古希腊人留给后人的一笔精神遗产。 　　伊索寓言，文字凝练，故事生动，想象丰富，饱含哲理，融思想性和艺术性于一体。其中《农夫和蛇》、《狐狸和葡萄》、《狼和小羊》、《龟兔赛跑》、《牧童和狼》、《农夫和他的孩子们》等已成为全世界家喻户晓的故事。寓言，是智慧的语言，哲理的诗。寓言，大读者爱读，小读者更爱读。《伊索寓言》是寓言中的精华，是人类宝贵的精神财富。 《伊索寓言》是一部寓言 故事集。相传伊索是公元前6世纪古希腊人，善于讲动物故事。现存的《伊索寓言》，是古希腊、古罗马时代流传下来的故事，经后人汇集，统归在伊索名下。《伊索寓言》通过简短的小寓言故事来体现日常生活中那些不为我们察觉的真理。这些小故事言简意赅，平易近人。不但读者众多，在文学史上也具有重大影响。作家，诗人、哲学家、平常百姓都从得到过启发和乐趣。许多故事真可以说是家喻户晓：龟兔赛跑，牧童作剧，狼来了，狐狸吃不着葡萄说葡萄酸。到几千年后的今天，伊索寓言已成为西方寓言文学的范本。亦是世界上流传最广的经典作品之一。世界最早的寓言集是《伊索寓言》。

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.希腊

grape，英文单词，主要用作名词，作名词时意为“葡萄；葡萄酒；葡萄树；葡萄色，人名；(法)格拉普；(德、瑞典)格拉佩”。短语搭配BurmeseGrape；木奶果Grapebrandy。Some of the stories we know and like are many hundreds of years old.Among them are Aesop"s fables. A fable is a short story made up to teach a lesson.Most fables are about animals. In them animals talk.Many of our common sayings come from fables. “Sour Grapes” is one of them.It comes from the fable “The Fox and the Grapes.”In the story a fox saw a bunch of grapes hanging from a vine.They looked ripe and good to eat. But they were rather high.He jumped and jumped, but he could not reach them.At last he gave up.As he went away he said. “Those grapes were sour anyway.”Now we say, “Sour Grapes!”When someone pretends he does not want something he tried to get but couldn"t.

1.a dog in the manger占着茅坑不拉屎的人 出自《伊索寓言》(Aesop"s Fables)，有一篇狗站马槽的故事，说的是一头狗躺在堆满稻草的马槽里，狗是不吃草的动物，而当马或牛一走进稻草时，这头狗却朝着马，牛狂哮，不准食草动物享用。因此，“狗站马槽”就成了一个家喻户晓的成语而进入英语中，常用来比喻a person who prevents others from enjoying something that is useless to himself; a churlish fellow who will neither use a thing himself nor let others use it，讽刺那些占据说职位或某些物质却不做事的人。 a dog in the manger是个名词性短语，常与系动词连用，充当表语（主语补足语） eg: He borrowed a lot of books from the library, but he didn"t read a book. He was really a dog in the manger. There are some officials who are only the dogs in the manger. Smith was a dog in the manger over that roll of wire; it was no use whatever to him,but he wouldn"t let us have it. 2.bell the cat自告奋勇去冒险；老虎头上拍苍蝇 bell the cat系成语to hang the bell about the cat"s neck的简略，愿意是“给猫的脖子上挂铃”。它来自《伊索寓言》(Aesop"s Fables)中的《老鼠会议》(The Mice in Council) 这篇寓言讲的是：一群老鼠在鼠洞里举行会议，讨论如何对付凶狠的猫。白胡须老鼠提出：“我有个方法，在猫的脖子上挂一个铃。这样，猫一走动铃就响，我们就可以闻铃声而逃避了”，群鼠一致同意这个建议，欢呼：“That"s a capital idea. We will bell the cat! No more fear of the cat!”但是，谁去给猫挂铃铛呢？没有一只老鼠敢去，一个个都溜掉了。老鼠会议豪无结果，它们不安全的境况当然也无法改善。 寓言所寄托的意思很明白：遇到困难的问题时候，既需要有出谋献策的人，更需要有挺身而出的实干家。 bell the cat常用来比喻to do something dangerous in order to save others; to step forward bravely to face the danger; to take a risk for the good of others. eg: Everybody made suggestion, but no one actually offered to bell the cat. We didn"t know who would put him this delicate question when my friend offered to bell the cat. 3.cry wolf虚发警报；慌报险情；危言耸听 cry wolf来自《伊索寓言》：《牧童和狼》 （The Shepherdboy and the wolf） 有个牧童在离村子不远的山坡上放羊，有一次，他为了开心作乐，突然大喊：“Help! Help! The wolf!”全村的人都闻声跑来援助他时，才知道这只是开玩笑。如此恶作剧搞了两三次。后来，狼真的来了，那个牧童再呼号求救时，谁也不理会他了。于是，狼把他的羊吃了。 这篇寓言的意义很清楚：爱说谎话的.人，即或在他说真话时，也没人相信他。由此，人们用to cry wolf 来概括这篇寓言的基本情节及其教诫意义，用以比喻to give false alarms; to warn of danger where there is none之意。按其比喻意义，这个成语相当与汉语中出自《东周列国志》的典故：烽火戏诸侯。周幽王为博得宠妃褒泥一笑，竟然把军国大事当儿戏，烽火报警戏诸侯，使各路诸侯仓促发兵，驰援京师，结果收到嘲笑。后来犬戎进犯，幽王再举烽火调兵，谁也不来了，结果周幽王遭到杀身亡国之祸。这2个典故的情节虽不同，寓意却完全不一致，都是表示“一朝说假话，一世无人信” eg: Nobody will believe he is in trouble because he has cried wolf so many times. Is she really sick of is she just crying wolf? The newspaper placards that had cried "wolf" so often, cried "wolf" now in vain. 4.Fish in Troubled Waters浑水摸鱼；趁火打劫；陷于混乱 Fish in Troubled Waters直译是：“浑水里捕鱼”，出自《伊索寓言·渔夫》 这篇寓言江的是：有个渔夫在河里张网捕鱼，他把鱼网横栏在河道里，然后拿了一条缚着石块的绳子，不停的拍击河水，使泥沙泛起，河水浑浊，鱼儿在慌乱中纷纷自投罗网，渔夫用这个方法捕得了好多鱼。但住在附近的人指责渔夫说：“我们饮水全靠这条河，你把水搞得这么浑，叫我们到哪里去找清水饮用呢？”渔夫回答说：“可是，我若不把水搞浑，那就非饿死不可了” 因此，人们常用to fish in trouble waters 比喻to try to win advantages for oneself from a disturbed state of affairs; to make use of sb"s misfortune to serve one"s own ends.并因此产生了谚语it"s good fishing in troubled waters（混水好摸鱼）。 在英语中，to fish in troubled waters 也可写成to fish in the muddy waters，而且water必须做waters。 eg:The man who interferes in South American politics is fishing in troubled waters I refused to let them come here because i knew they only wanted to fish in troubled waters Those who made large profits out of illegally selling rationed goods during World War II were fishing in troubled waters.

公元前6世纪

翻译如下：课外书Extra-curricularreadingbooks例句：《伊索寓言》这本书是我最喜爱读的课外书之一。"Aesop"sFables"isoneofmyfavoriteextra-curricularreadingbooks.

After Reading “Aesop"s Fables” When I was young, people around me of the told me the story “The Shepherd"s Boy and the Wolf “ in order to educate me to be an honest person. At that age, in my opinion, it was just a story written by my parents or other people I knew to frighten me. As I grow older, I get to know that it is a fable from a very famous book “Aesop"s Fables”. The book “Aesop"s Fables” wasn"t written by Aesop but was collected and anthologized by him. The working people created the stories in the book in ancient times. They created the stories using their living experiences and imagination, and then handed them down from generation to generation. The book one of the precious cultural heritages. There"re more than one hundred fables in the book. The protagonists of most of the fables are animals or plants, which are depicted like human beings. This writing technique is called personification that is often used in fables and fairy tales. Each fable that is short and understandable tells us a philosophy. There are two stories that impress me most. The first one is “ The tortoise and the Eagle”. A tortoise was complaining of her hard fate that no one would teach her to fly when an eagle hovered bear. He heard her lamentation and promised to take her a lift and float her in the air if she could give him some rewards. And then he carried her up in the sky suddenly he let her go. The poor tortoise fell down on a mountain. At the moment of death she cried:” I have deserved my present fates for what had I to do with wings and clouds, and who can with difficulty move about on the earth?” The story tells us if men had all they wished, they would be ruined. I quite agree with it. Take our personal lives for example. Everyone has his own merit and demerit. One is good at singing while another is good at dancing. Nobody can have all the skills that can be imagined. This is the reason why some people are fit for making decision while other people are suitable for carrying out the decision. So it is no need for us to be jealous of others as we have our own feature, which other haven"t. The second one is “The Bear and the two Travelers”. It tells us that misfortune tests the sincerity of friends. People live among a group of friends of whom some are true friends while some are untrue friends. When you are in trouble, observe your friends attitude towards you, you"ll find who are your true friends and who are not. “Aesop"s Fables” is a nice book for us to learn more philosophy of life and more useful new words.参考资料：http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kz=16304455

[ "i:saops "feiblz] Aesop"s Fables

欧美童装品牌:1.来自意大利的品牌IPP秋冬系列不再单纯注重华丽的呈现，而是加入了个性化因素，突显浓重的民俗风格。在服装上点缀了一系列采用丝线、亮片和珠宝手工缝制的徽章式图腾，造型宛如中国古代的兵马俑，相当别致。而新推出的美式风格童装也别一番味道。其代表作是利用皮革布料的拼贴，装饰绚丽的人工绣花、羽饰和流苏，打造反璞归真的印第安式自然剪裁设计。2.来自法国的Jacadi世界十大童装名牌之一的Jacadi(亚卡迪)于1976年创建于法国巴黎，产品以其设计新颖，品质优良著称于世。其设计风格多样，并全面采用高档棉麻面料，舒适自然。其设计款式，全面考虑了儿童身体发育和活动特点，服饰高雅实用，其婴幼儿用品设计细致，品质优良，成为高档儿童服饰用品中深受顾客喜爱的品牌。3.来自韩国的tomkidTOMKID品牌始创于1984年,是韩国TOMBOY服装公司旗下著名童装品牌，该品牌意大利风格的个性休闲装,是展现CLEAN(干净),CUTE(可爱)CASUAL(休闲)等3C感觉的感性休闲装,追求CHIC(别致感)与luxury(高档感)颜色以黑白灰为主,加以季节流行色做点缀，以高级天然面料为主加合成纤维(这样的面料既考虑到儿童皮肤细嫩,又兼顾其好动的特征,使童装更耐穿)。4.来自法国的ELLE来自法国的ELLE品牌产品一向以简洁时尚而著称，也是现代女性、积极向上、潮流而又充满生活气息的代名词。高贵灵动的ELLE童装，将优雅与气质传承至新一代ELLE孩童，与父母的时尚品味交相辉映，绽放别样风采。契合自然气韵之余而不失动力生机。ELLE以独特的视角诠释新一代自由创意生活，富有灵性绘图展现出有趣的生活形式及艺术自由一切的灵魂。孩子在活跃灵动的图案映衬下，更能展现出敏捷跳脱的童真。5.来自香港的Kingkow过往的香港童装市场，由标榜质优价高的进口品牌及以款式齐备、价格大众化见称的本地的品牌为主导。由拥有逾二十年童装品牌管理经验的团队组成，Kingkow无论在设计上、选料上、剪裁上以至品质，比国外知名童装品牌不惶多让，取价却十分相宜，因此而广为市场所接受。产品系列亦由最初的单一童装壮大到今天包括鞋子、配饰、背包等小孩衣履用品，一应俱全，品质创意尽善尽美，满足小孩子不同成长期的衣饰所需，无微不至。6.来自香港的FablesF-AZ(FablesbyAlexandraZ)是香港AlexandraZ属下的高级童装品牌，创立于2000年。Fables服装设计慨念主要揉合美国及亚洲等地的时装潮流元素,着重于新颖的设计,舒适的衣料,缤纷的色彩及合理的价格.产品以年龄由2岁至16岁为对象。

《The Fables of Aesop》（Jacobs, Joseph; Caxton, William; Aesop, William）电子书网盘下载免费在线阅读资源链接：链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1NRd9EVDKHgdY1c65b1Nfwg 提取码: xirc书名：The Fables of Aesop作者：Jacobs, Joseph; Caxton, William; Aesop, William出版年份：2010-1页数：314内容简介：This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

《Fables De Florian》（Florian, .）电子书网盘下载免费在线阅读资源链接：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1p9OSR1jAGddYI1oC_UpPeg 提取码：crj6书名：Fables De Florian作者：Florian, .出版年份：2010-1页数：570内容简介：This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

1:4-AbreachrunResults:takingfourAouttotheaudiencetosee..Thenputthetop..StartthetabletofourA-open.Thentakeacavingbelow.Handringforafight.Arunoftheabove.Aboverepeatedlyusedarelease..Handringforafight.Arunningbelowthe.Belowcavingrepeatedlyusedahandringforarunningplayabove!Amongrepeatedlyusedaninterpolation..Handringforafight.Hey~??Notabove..Haha..Below!Practices:takingfourAlookattheaudiencewhenputinamulti-Aspacebelowlicense.Pointscanthentaketothetablewhenthefirstcardisthelastcardplugsintothemiddle!Ontheotherdoneontheeffectoftheabove!2:FablesMagicResults:takingapieceofpapertowriteontwocards.Forexample:-2and2.Buttheaudiencenottosee.Paperlicenseswillbeinsertedinthemiddle.Thenturnedtotheaudiencetosee..Paperwastrappedinared2andBlack2between!Practices:onpaperisaboutthetopandbottomofthelicense..Interpolationisgettingbetter.Theaudienceturnedtolookatthepaperattherighthandholdingthefirsthalfofthedorsalfaceofpaper.Belowleftthatpartofthepressureonthepaper..Givetheaudienceamisconception!3:ThirdlicensingFablesResults:launderedlicense.Thelicensetotheaudience.LettheaudiencetoSetlicensingarbitrarilydividedintothreeonthetable.MagiciancanknowthatthetopthreelicensingLet"stalkaboutwhatisalicense!Practice:First,thetopshouldknowLet"stalkaboutlicensing..Whenunabletowashthetop那张washinginto!Dividedintothreeminuteslater.ThefirstisthatyourememberaboveLet"stalkaboutlicensing.Thesecondisatthetopfromthefirstpointsabovethelicense.Thirdisthesecondtopstartingpointsabovethelicense.Thenthetopthirdofthelicensecardwasfablethat!4:4AtopResults:thelicensingdividedintofour.Pickupfirst.Withtheaboveinthefirstthreecardstothefirstbelow..Thenfromthetopofacardwithalicensetoeachotheronathirdlicense.Putasidethefirstlicense.Withitssecondlicense.Thefirstlicenseanddothesamething.Withthird.Fourthlicensingdifferent!AfterthereleaseEnd!FourA"sonthetopofeachcard!Practices:MagicatthestartoffourAintheabovelicenses.Andclickontheabovereleasenaturallyinthetop!5:unityofthethreeKResults:takingthreeKout..Totheaudience.Magicianthenputonthetabletheirownin-kitchen.Lettheaudienceinthekitchenrelease-K.Addamagician.Addanaudience.Alsotakeamagician.Viewerscavingsection3!Thetableonthelicensingoflicenseonhislefthand.Shoutingandunity.Openthetopofthethree.3Konagaintogether!Practices:priortothefirstfourKonthelicensingsection2below.Thatisthefirstthreepositions!Accordingtotheaboveapproachwilldo!Averyinterestingpokermagic,reasonisverysimple,aslongasyoushowcapacityinplace,VARormissed,thenbeganteachinglessnonsense.First,weopenedwithapokerwhensneakedbackacard.Method:novicecanusefourfingersinfrontlicensingpush,thumbsfixedfirstlivepoker.Pushlefttheright!!Thistimetheaudiencetoseethefirstcard,infactitwillbecomethefirsttwoofthe.Wecallittheaudiencecasuallyprevious12insideacardinmind,rememberthattheflowercolorandlicenselicensingposition,sayisthefirstfour.Thenweputtogetheralicense,wecannotasktheaudiencetoseeusbackthecard.Viewersseealicenseafterthefirstfourwouldbecomethefirstfive,wecount4,thefactisthattheaudiencesawthefirstthree,heplugsintothecardtothemiddle,viewersseethefirstfouronthefirstinthelicensing.Thereare2shows,youcangivetheaudienceblowinginonebreaththatyouwillbecomethefirstlicenseyoubelieve.OhthisisaThefirsttwokindsthatyouasktheaudience,youbirthdayisafewmonths?Licensingcanappearinthefirstfew,say3.Toldtheaudience拿住wholeDeputycard,justthinkthatthelicensing.Youputacardonatableintheaudiencetoseethelicensegodowninthefirst,threecoursenotlookattheaudience,sotheaudiencewilllaughyou,buthedoesnotmatterImmediatelyanice,doyouexplaintohim,youmaynotfocusonjustthink,youwanttocomebackonce.Youputafewdownthreeunlicensedputthewholeofthetopcard,thefirstonjustbecomethefirstthree.Toldtheaudience拿住licensingthinkthatoncehehasthelicense,onceagainafew123oftheaudiencetoseethat.A:[Share]empty-handedchangecoins!Extendinghisrighthand,palmtotheaudience,andthenusehisthumbswereshellsindexfinger,ringfingerandmiddlefinger,middlefingerinthebombwhensuddenlythehandsofamorecoins!Howdoyouknow?Thisisawaymagic!Verysimple,withthethumbrootpossessionofcoincoinorpossessionoftheTiger"sMouthcoinshiddenintherootsofthumb,facingtheaudience,justthumbthelineofsightinfrontoftheaudience,whenthebombmiddlefingerwiththeindexfingerandmiddlefingercoinspulledhimoutonit.Howeverapproachtotraining,orelselettheaudienceseefromthe:)Added:seemanyfriendsorcoinsisnotclearhowhide,itseemsIdidnotsaythatclearly.Infactverysimple,ifyourhandisanaturalonthetable,thenputcoinsintheTiger"sMouthofthecardsisbetweenthethumbandindexfinger,coinsanddesktopparallel.Thisisstoppingtheformerthumbstuckinthecoinhere.Thisthumb-kanandpossessionofaslightlydifferent,thisisnotthefaceofcoins,butthecoinsinPrismcardbetweenthethumbandindexfinger.ThisalsofacilitatestheuseoftwofingerspulledoutfromtheTiger"sMouthofthecoins.Doyouunderstand?

After Reading “Aesop"s Fables” When I was young, people around me of the told me the story “The Shepherd"s Boy and the Wolf “ in order to educate me to be an honest person. At that age, in my opinion, it was just a story written by my parents or other people I knew to frighten me. As I grow older, I get to know that it is a fable from a very famous book “Aesop"s Fables”. The book “Aesop"s Fables” wasn"t written by Aesop but was collected and anthologized by him. The working people created the stories in the book in ancient times. They created the stories using their living experiences and imagination, and then handed them down from generation to generation. The book one of the precious cultural heritages. There"re more than one hundred fables in the book. The protagonists of most of the fables are animals or plants, which are depicted like human beings. This writing technique is called personification that is often used in fables and fairy tales. Each fable that is short and understandable tells us a philosophy. There are two stories that impress me most. The first one is “ The tortoise and the Eagle”. A tortoise was complaining of her hard fate that no one would teach her to fly when an eagle hovered bear. He heard her lamentation and promised to take her a lift and float her in the air if she could give him some rewards. And then he carried her up in the sky suddenly he let her go. The poor tortoise fell down on a mountain. At the moment of death she cried:” I have deserved my present fates for what had I to do with wings and clouds, and who can with difficulty move about on the earth?” The story tells us if men had all they wished, they would be ruined. I quite agree with it. Take our personal lives for example. Everyone has his own merit and demerit. One is good at singing while another is good at dancing. Nobody can have all the skills that can be imagined. This is the reason why some people are fit for making decision while other people are suitable for carrying out the decision. So it is no need for us to be jealous of others as we have our own feature, which other haven"t. The second one is “The Bear and the two Travelers”. It tells us that misfortune tests the sincerity of friends. People live among a group of friends of whom some are true friends while some are untrue friends. When you are in trouble, observe your friends attitude towards you, you"ll find who are your true friends and who are not. “Aesop"s Fables” is a nice book for us to learn more philosophy of life and more useful new words.

《The Fables of Aesop, as First Printed by William Caxton in 1484, with Those of Avian, Alfonso and Poggio, Now Again Edited and Induced by Joseph Jacob》电子书网盘下载免费在线阅读链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1joGbOUqdIqXiBjNNfUjUgA 提取码: bey7书名：The Fables of Aesop, as First Printed by William Caxton in 1484, with Those of Avian, Alfonso and Poggio, Now Again Edited and Induced by Joseph Jacob页数：318

男主角 hero

people believe in Christianity, and you can see some common expressions related to Christianity: in the right church, but in the wrong pew ( this says that you have the wrong seat though you enter the right church, which means apparantly that is right, but that is wrong in the point of details); God helps those who help themselves. Buddism has great influence on our country. "Buddism was introduced to China at the end of Dynasty Han, which was more than thousand years ago. Chinese language also has some common expressions that are relevant to Buddism after that. Therefore, Chinese people belive that Buddha controls all kinds of things in the natural world, and expressions related to it has a great amount. For instance, borrow sth. to make a gift of the Buddha; never burn incense when all is well, but clasp Buddha"s feet when in distress; admire somebody from the bottom of one"s heart; repent and be saved; pay homage to the Buddha; however persuasive Buddha is, evil is still stronger and so on.Literary QuotaionChina and Great Britain have centuries-old history, and most parts of the daily expressions are based on the resource of their plenty folklores and literary quotations. For exmaple, terms "cross the Rubicon" is originated from the literary quotation of Rome;"castle in the air" is originated from fairy tales and mythes; "hang by a thread" is derived from a tale of Greece. Anther example like "cat"s paw", which is derived from Aesop"s Fables, is used as a metaphor as "man who is used as a tool" or "a foolish man". Pandora"s box means "endless disasters". Meet one"s waterloo, Penelope"s web are have the similar meaning of it. In Chinese expressions, they are mostly from literary quotations, nursery tales and legends, like "hope for gains without pains", "pretend to like something which one really fears" and so on, which are from fables, while "Chang Er Flies to the Moon" is from a legend.----------------------------------------------------------------------翻译完了，呵呵。这是我自己翻译的。希望对楼主有帮助。

难度太大了，现在没空，以后有时间再说

《Fantastic Fables》（Bierce, Ambrose）电子书网盘下载免费在线阅读资源链接：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1wWEzz9jQGKw0uGLG7Fc2zQ 提取码：qol4书名：Fantastic Fables作者：Bierce, Ambrose出版年份：2011-6页数：116

我父亲一个最喜欢的谚语作为我成长的过程中是“试试看!“我不能说我不喜欢的东西,不管它可能是,直到我试了试。这几年,我意识到多少我的成功归功于我接受的那些话,就像我一个值。我的第一份工作是我决定试试在几年内,直到我决定我想要做什么(职业)作为一种职业生涯.Actually我相信我将工作了几年,结婚,呆在家里,养育子女,所以我认为自己并没有重要的工作时,我花了那麽多钱。我不可能是更多的错误的。我已经掌握的技能水平位置,开始和我有机会(机会)向上运动通过公司到不同的位置。我接受了每一个新的投资机会,想:“好的,我试试看;如果我不喜欢我总能回到我先前的位置。”但我是与同一家公司在过去的28年,我已经享有的每个职业改变我已经做了。我已经发现,我拥有大量不同的人才(才能)和技能,我怎么也不会想起来在我要不是我被打开的尝试新的机会。我还发现,如果我相信我在做什么并且努力去实现我的目标,我就一定会成功。这就是为什么我觉得很兴奋,CareerFables.com成为其中的一部分。我想时间已经来到了,我决心让它成功。

Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见 Uncle Tom"s Cabin 汤姆叔叔的小屋 The old man and the sea 老人与海 The Adventures of Alice in Wonderland 爱丽丝漫游记安徒生童话集 Anderson"s Fairy Tales 傲慢与偏见 Pride and Prejudice 王子与贫儿 The Prince and the Pauper 雾都孤儿Oliver Twist 伊索寓言Aesop"s Fables 远大前程The Great Expectations 月亮宝石The Moonstone 最后的诊断 The Final Diagnosis Charles Darwin (by Carla Greene) 查尔斯;达尔文 One Million Pound (by Mark Twain) 百万英镑 Tales from the Arabian Nights (adapted by Michael West) 天方夜谭 The Canterbury Tales (adapted by Michael West) 坎特伯雷故事集

是维塔斯(Vitas)演唱的《歌剧2(Opera 2)》

聚丙烯树脂是结晶型高聚物，在挤出机中熔融之后，晶态结构全部消失，由于冷却情况不同，薄膜的透明度和物理力学性能不同。冷却慢,结晶度髙,薄膜的透明度差；冷却快，结晶度低，薄膜透明度高,物理力学性能好，薄膜手感好，因此聚丙烯吹膜采用下吹式水冷法生产工艺。 聚丙烯膜有许多优异的性能，如相对密小，机械强度大。尤其是有高度的透明性和耐热性，使之应用广泛，特别适于衣物、食品及各类日用品的小包装；与其他材料复合制成的蒸煮袋在100℃在煮沸不变形。