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2023-05-19 15:40:09
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左迁
Acknowledgments论商务谈判中语言的交际技巧

This thesis is developed from my years of study on campus; Numerous people have lent me a helping hand in completing this research.
Firstly, special thanks go to Mr. Zhou Wenge, the instructor of this paper as well as a respectable teacher in School of Foreign Studies, Hunan University of Science and Technology, whose frequent guidance and invaluable suggestions lead to the accomplishment of the thesis. Mr. Zhou"s hardworking and responsible spirits set a good example for all the undergraduates of 2006.
Secondly, thanks go to all the university leaders and teachers, who have imparted the essence of knowledge to me, especially to Mr. Zhang Jinghua, who has taught me Translation and whose original ideas and interesting lectures make great impression on me and finally lead to the start of the thesis.
Last but not the least, thanks go to all the school librarians, who have done very much in supplying us with reference books, as well as to those authors whose works have been quoted by me in the thesis.
Abstract

Based on the characteristics of spoken language and strategies used in negotiation, this thesis discusses the methods to avoid pragmatic failures and understand the different language communicative skills in different cultures, and elaborates several ways to master good language communicative skills in order to give full play to language"s advantages so as to increase the successful chances of international business negotiation.

Key words: language communicative skill; international business negotiation; characteristic; pragmatic failure
中文摘要

贸易谈判是贸易活动很重要的环节,而语言则是谈判的媒介,商务谈判的过程是1个围绕双方经济利益, 通过语言进行沟通和协商的过程,实质上就是谈判者运用语言进行协调磋商,谋求1致的过程。本文从语言表达和施展谈判策略出发,探讨了避免谈判语境中的语用失误,分析了不同文化背景下的语言交际方式,阐述了如何运用语言,掌握良好的语言表达技巧,从而更好地发挥语言在谈判中的作用,以提高商务谈判的成功率。

英美法系与大陆法系的异同比较研究

Civil law and common law is the world"s principal legal systems of the two, covering some of the world"s major countries. Representatives of civil law in Germany, France and China; and common law is of course the United Kingdom and the United States as its representative. Civil law and common law between the different points of comparison, has been compared by jurists keen topic. Two Legal, in many ways, there is a larger difference, I only proceedings to compare them.

All along, the comparison jurists tend to assume that all the world"s well-developed legal systems, similar to the need always to meet a similar approach. [1] However, the civil law and common law in the proceedings on the great differences on the assumption that it broke. Such as the summary of the preparation and conduct of civil proceedings, to the court for the fact that the way to choose or to question a witness or expert mode of the great differences have made this assumption can not be established. And Two Legal because there are so many differences, they are subject to various reasons, such as geographic differences, ethnic habits, cultural characteristics, historical traditions, etc., but I think the main reason or the ideological and cultural traditions impact. Two Legal countries different in many ways of thinking habits, created a big difference in Two Legal.

Anglo-American legal systems in many of the features of the proceedings, in fact, is a decisive result of the fact that the proceedings from the jury system. Now, the general view was that Britain only in criminal cases to use the jury system, and is in serious crimes and the defendant himself that "not guilty" when used. [2] Nevertheless, the civil proceedings in the United Kingdom is still permeated with the traditional jury system. And the impact of the jury system, so that civil trials and criminal trials, as there are many specific proceedings. [3] This will make the proceedings from civil law countries.

In civil law, the proceedings can be divided into multiple partitions hearing. Thus, for a party in court raised an unexpected point of view or evidence, the other party can have sufficient time to the next court hearing further evidence in rebuttal. In the Anglo-American legal systems are very different, due to take a one-time trial, lawyers in order to prevent the same thing happened, not only to their own arguments and evidence make it clear, we must also understand each other"s arguments and evidence. Because in common law countries of the trial, if there is unexpected evidence, any party can not easily ask for an adjournment. This makes lawyers must meet with him before the hearing of witnesses in order to find out they will say in court what to do. For such acts, Germany"s lawyers say that is a violation of professional ethics. [4] This is not hard to imagine why we are also common law countries litigation often unexpected results, why those who can in the courts to force their own lawyers always respected. And civil law countries the courts have always given people the feeling step by step, and looked good enough, lawyers very difficult to have a very good performance.

Since the common law countries in the use of one-time trial mode, then the judge"s role be? Before the start of the trial, the lawyers had carefully prepared for the judges for the controversial issue and the evidence is extremely unclear. It is believed that the judge relied on oral statements through a lawyer to provide all the necessary facts and the law. [5] We all know that in common law countries of the court, lawyers independently decide what to call witnesses, question witnesses. Each party to question witnesses were, and then from the other anti-question. Lawyers question witnesses is also the embodiment of wisdom, good lawyers are often the other witness"s testimony can not be trusted, and the judge or jury can not be accepted, thereby losing the effectiveness of the evidence.

Lawyers question witnesses, and judges have a general pay attention only to listen to witnesses. If a judge to speak, are usually only "no effective" or "No null and void" and the judge of statements to determine the question of whether the parties can be adopted. However, common law countries, judges can question witnesses, but their involvement in order to avoid conflict, and remain neutral, and less inclined to open question. There was a very classic case from the negative interpretation of the judge to do so wisely, that is, "Jones v. National Coal Board" case: In that case when the trial judge too many questions, so that the parties can not be with his view that the best way evidence, the Court of Appeal only on the basis of the case back to lower court retrial. [6] This case also illustrates the law of "procedure is superior to the rights of" principle.

Anglo-American judge in the trial have demonstrated a more negative, they are the beginning of the case on the merits ignorant, we must understand in the course of a hearing, which the parties and their lawyers must play a major role. This is mainly because in the Anglo-American legal systems of countries, more common view is that in court proceedings to obtain the true situation in the best way is to allow parties to debate the real situation, which judges would only act as a supervisor of rules of court role, that is, "adversarial" litigation. In civil law countries is just the opposite. In their view, if the judge allows a greater role may be more conducive to discover the true situation. Thus the judge is obliged to ask questions, inform, encourage and persuade the parties, the lawyers and witnesses in order to obtain from them all of the real situation, to avoid the fault of the parties lead to lose. Civil law countries the number of civil trials or with some "inquisitorial" in nature, have some bureaucratic characteristics. [7] for the conduct of proceedings and evidence are required to investigate the main court, the judge who is a positive image of the trial presided over the court. In the United States, "against the system" the implementation of the proceedings is very strict. This is mainly because the common law as long as it is not equitable request, the first phase of civil litigation is still to participate in trial by jury.

l Conclusion
Civil law system inherited from Roman law is mainly generated, and the law is not the succession of Roman law precisely, the difference between the two is enormous. Such as civil law is statutory law, common law and case law, such as it is. In this paper, selected proceedings of comparison, the only civil law and common law judicial system in a concrete difference. Of different legal systems of the differences between it is very meaningful that allows us to learn from each other, in other legal systems in a good system, to improve the country"s legal system, which will have an extremely far-reaching implications.

China"s socialist legal system construction is in full swing of the stage, in the civil law system based on the statute book at the same time, the appropriate law countries learn from the case law system, to enrich, and improve China"s legal system, but also have practical significance. Under the socialist market economic operation process, will inevitably encounter a variety of new situations and problems, which will require us to look at the global, boldly absorb and draw on foreign legal systems of the essence.

Civil law and common law distinction

Generally speaking the distinction between different standards will produce different results, civil law and common law on the judicial, trial basis, the way the proceedings and the court"s organizations in four areas, there would be some obvious differences, their summarized as follows: (a) judicial organs: civil law countries generally speaking, its administrative litigation in this case, is not attributable to the jurisdiction of ordinary courts, while others accept the establishment of the Administrative Court, the civil law is the Administrative Court and ordinary courts parallel system, different The two-track system; and the principle of law there is no establishment of the Administrative Court, and in criminal and administrative proceedings, such as property belonging to the ordinary courts to accept jurisdiction, not to set up the Administrative Court. (B) trial basis: civil law countries generally speaking, is mainly to statutory and customary law and case law as a supplement; and law in addition to the Constitution of the United States, the other so-called law, all attach importance to the unwritten code Therefore, in order to implement the customary law and the jurisprudence of the main. (C) proceedings by: civil law countries generally speaking, are generally imposed stereotypes referee organs; and Anglo-American legal systems usually adopt the jury system, as well as tour the trial system. (D) the court organizations: civil law countries generally speaking, usually the implementation of collegiate system, so a large number of judges; and Anglo-American legal systems usually adopt a single system, the fewer the number of judges. III Summary In summary, we can on the judicial, trial basis, the way the proceedings and the court"s organizations in four areas to explore the civil law and common law on the distinction between the judicial system, a basic understanding of legal systems, there are help us to enter the halls of the law, but also contribute to the overall structure of the legal system and the overall understanding, to build all the people are aware of the legal community.
大陆法系与英美法系是当今世界的两大主要法系,涵盖了世界上一些主要的国家。大陆法系的代表有德国、法国、中国等;而英美法系则当然以英国和美国为其代表。大陆法系与英美法系之间的不同点的比较,一直都是比较法学家们所热衷的话题。两大法系在许多方面都存在着较大的差异,下面我仅从诉讼程序方面对它们加以比较。

一直以来,比较法学家们都倾向于假定,世界上所有发达的法律体系中,相似的需要总是以相似的方法来满足。[1]但是,大陆法系与英美法系在诉讼程序上的巨大差异却打破了这一假定。诸如简易民事诉讼的准备和进行、向法庭提出事实的方式、选择或询问证人或鉴定人的方式等的巨大差异,都使这一假定不能成立。而两大法系之所以会有如此多的差异,则受到了多方面原因的影响,如地理差异、民族习惯、文化特点、历史传统等,但我认为其最主要的原因还是意识形态和文化传统的影响。两大法系国家在许多方面不同的思维习惯,造就了两大法系的巨大差异。

英美法系中诉讼程序的许多特性,实际上是由一个决定性的事实造成的,即该诉讼程序来源于陪审制。现在,普遍的观点认为,英国只有在刑事案件中才使用陪审制,而且是在严重的犯罪并且被告主张自己“无罪”时才使用。[2]尽管如此,英国的民事诉讼中仍然渗透着陪审制的传统。而陪审制的影响,使民事审判和刑事审判一样,有许多特定的诉讼程序。[3]这也就使其诉讼程序区别于大陆法系国家。

在大陆法系中,诉讼可以有间隔地划分为多次的审理。因而,对于一方当事人在法庭上提出的出人意料的观点或证据,另一方当事人可以有充足的时间在下一次的法庭审理中提出进一步的证据予以反驳。而在英美法系中则大不相同,由于采取的是一次性的审理,律师为了防止同样的事情发生,不但要把自己的论点和证据想清楚,还必须了解对方的论点和证据。因为在英美法系国家的审判中,如果出现了意想不到的证据,任何一方都不能轻易地要求休庭。这就使得律师必须在开庭之前会见他的证人,以搞清楚他们会在法庭上说些什么、做些什么。对于这种行为,德国的律师却认为是违反职业道德的。[4]由此我们也不难想象为什么英美法系国家的诉讼经常有出人意料的结果,为什么那些能在法庭上以一己之力翻云覆雨的律师总是受人尊敬。而大陆法系国家的法庭审理却总是给人按部就班的感觉,而显得不够精彩,律师很难有非常精彩的表现。

既然在英美法系国家中采用一次性审理的模式,那么法官的作用如何呢?在审判开始之前,律师们进行了精心的准备,而法官对于争议的问题和有关的证据却极不清楚。据认为,法官靠律师通过口头陈述提供全部必要的事实和法律。[5]我们都知道,在英美法系国家的法庭上,律师独立地决定传唤哪些证人、提问证人。每个证人都是被一方提问之后,再由另一方进行反提问。提问证人也是律师智慧的体现,出色的律师常常能使对方证人的证词不可信,而无法被法官或陪审团采纳,从而失去了证据的效力。

律师提问证人,而法官一般只注意听取证人的证词。法官如果发言,通常都只是“反对有效”或“反对无效”之类的判断性语句,以决定当事人的问题是否可以被采纳。然而,英美法系国家中的法官是可以提问证人的,但他们为了避免卷入冲突,并且保持中立,而倾向于少开口提问。曾经有一个案例非常经典地从反面诠释了法官这么做的明智,即“琼斯诉全国煤炭委员会”案:在该案初审时法官提问过多,使双方当事人不可能用他认为最好的方式提出证据,上诉法院仅据此就将该案发回下级法院重审。[6]这个案例同时也说明了英美法系中“程序优于权利”的原则。

英美的法官在审判中处处表现得较为消极,他们在案件的开始阶段对案情一无所知,必须在审理过程中了解,因而当事人及其律师就必须发挥主要的作用。这主要是因为,在英美法系的国家,比较普遍的观点是,在法庭审理过程中获得真实情况的最好办法是让当事人辩论出真实的情况,而法官则只是充当法庭规则的监督者的角色,即“对抗制”的诉讼。而在大陆法系的国家却正好相反。他们认为,如果能让法官发挥较大的作用,可能会更有利于发现真实的情况。因而法官有义务提问、告知、鼓励和劝导当事人、律师和证人,以便从他们那里获得全部真实情况,避免当事人的过失导致败诉。大陆法系国家的民事审判多少还是带有一些“纠问式”的性质,具有一些官僚特征。[7]对于诉讼的进行和证据的调查皆以法院为主,法官是以积极审判者的形象主持法庭审理。在美国,“对抗制”诉讼程序的实行是非常严格的。这主要是因为,只要是普通法而非衡平法上的请求,民事诉讼的初审阶段仍然由陪审团参加审理。

l 结 语
大陆法系主要是继承了罗马法而产生的,而英美法系恰恰是未继承罗马法,二者之间的差异是巨大的。如大陆法主要是成文法,而英美法却是判例法等。本文所选取的诉讼程序的比较,只是大陆法系与英美法系在具体司法制度上的一个差异。研究不同法系之间的差异是非常有意义的,可以使我们取长补短,吸收别的法系中的好的制度,来完善本国的法律制度,这将会产生极其深远的影响。

我国当前社会主义法制建设正处于紧锣密鼓的阶段,在立足于大陆法系成文法的同时,适当借鉴英美法系国家的判例法制度等,来充实、完善我国的法律体系,也是具有现实意义的。在社会主义市场经济运行的过程中,将不可避免地遇到各种各样的新情况、新问题,这都需要我们放眼于全球,大胆地吸收、借鉴外国的法律制度中的精华。

大陆法系与英美法系的区别

一般来说不同的区分标准会产生不同的结果,大陆法系与英美法系就审判机关、
coco

Enter the text to be translated, the most common words of English in business semantic analysis in business correspondence at the beginning of language study on business etiquette in the business activities of the importance of Business English learning methodology in business negotiations language communication skills of credit Permit soft terms of crime prevention and defusing of multimedia network with (my) Business English learning on how the new products in the international market to win the consumer (or market share) law and comparative study of the similarities and differences between civil law

snjk

I don"t think I can help you...

LuckySXyd

这些东西楼主您还是一个个上GOOGLE搜吧。

再也不做稀饭了

I don"t konw.

Sorry,I can"t help you!

慧慧
Acknowledgments论商务谈判中语言的交际技巧

This thesis is developed from my years of study on campus; Numerous people have lent me a helping hand in completing this research.
Firstly, special thanks go to Mr. Zhou Wenge, the instructor of this paper as well as a respectable teacher in School of Foreign Studies, Hunan University of Science and Technology, whose frequent guidance and invaluable suggestions lead to the accomplishment of the thesis. Mr. Zhou"s hardworking and responsible spirits set a good example for all the undergraduates of 2006.
Secondly, thanks go to all the university leaders and teachers, who have imparted the essence of knowledge to me, especially to Mr. Zhang Jinghua, who has taught me Translation and whose original ideas and interesting lectures make great impression on me and finally lead to the start of the thesis.
Last but not the least, thanks go to all the school librarians, who have done very much in supplying us with reference books, as well as to those authors whose works have been quoted by me in the thesis.
Abstract

Based on the characteristics of spoken language and strategies used in negotiation, this thesis discusses the methods to avoid pragmatic failures and understand the different language communicative skills in different cultures, and elaborates several ways to master good language communicative skills in order to give full play to language"s advantages so as to increase the successful chances of international business negotiation.

Key words: language communicative skill; international business negotiation; characteristic; pragmatic failure
中文摘要

贸易谈判是贸易活动很重要的环节,而语言则是谈判的媒介,商务谈判的过程是1个围绕双方经济利益, 通过语言进行沟通和协商的过程,实质上就是谈判者运用语言进行协调磋商,谋求1致的过程。本文从语言表达和施展谈判策略出发,探讨了避免谈判语境中的语用失误,分析了不同文化背景下的语言交际方式,阐述了如何运用语言,掌握良好的语言表达技巧,从而更好地发挥语言在谈判中的作用,以提高商务谈判的成功率。

英美法系与大陆法系的异同比较研究

Civil law and common law is the world"s principal legal systems of the two, covering some of the world"s major countries. Representatives of civil law in Germany, France and China; and common law is of course the United Kingdom and the United States as its representative. Civil law and common law between the different points of comparison, has been compared by jurists keen topic. Two Legal, in many ways, there is a larger difference, I only proceedings to compare them.

All along, the comparison jurists tend to assume that all the world"s well-developed legal systems, similar to the need always to meet a similar approach. [1] However, the civil law and common law in the proceedings on the great differences on the assumption that it broke. Such as the summary of the preparation and conduct of civil proceedings, to the court for the fact that the way to choose or to question a witness or expert mode of the great differences have made this assumption can not be established. And Two Legal because there are so many differences, they are subject to various reasons, such as geographic differences, ethnic habits, cultural characteristics, historical traditions, etc., but I think the main reason or the ideological and cultural traditions impact. Two Legal countries different in many ways of thinking habits, created a big difference in Two Legal.

Anglo-American legal systems in many of the features of the proceedings, in fact, is a decisive result of the fact that the proceedings from the jury system. Now, the general view was that Britain only in criminal cases to use the jury system, and is in serious crimes and the defendant himself that "not guilty" when used. [2] Nevertheless, the civil proceedings in the United Kingdom is still permeated with the traditional jury system. And the impact of the jury system, so that civil trials and criminal trials, as there are many specific proceedings. [3] This will make the proceedings from civil law countries.

In civil law, the proceedings can be divided into multiple partitions hearing. Thus, for a party in court raised an unexpected point of view or evidence, the other party can have sufficient time to the next court hearing further evidence in rebuttal. In the Anglo-American legal systems are very different, due to take a one-time trial, lawyers in order to prevent the same thing happened, not only to their own arguments and evidence make it clear, we must also understand each other"s arguments and evidence. Because in common law countries of the trial, if there is unexpected evidence, any party can not easily ask for an adjournment. This makes lawyers must meet with him before the hearing of witnesses in order to find out they will say in court what to do. For such acts, Germany"s lawyers say that is a violation of professional ethics. [4] This is not hard to imagine why we are also common law countries litigation often unexpected results, why those who can in the courts to force their own lawyers always respected. And civil law countries the courts have always given people the feeling step by step, and looked good enough, lawyers very difficult to have a very good performance.

Since the common law countries in the use of one-time trial mode, then the judge"s role be? Before the start of the trial, the lawyers had carefully prepared for the judges for the controversial issue and the evidence is extremely unclear. It is believed that the judge relied on oral statements through a lawyer to provide all the necessary facts and the law. [5] We all know that in common law countries of the court, lawyers independently decide what to call witnesses, question witnesses. Each party to question witnesses were, and then from the other anti-question. Lawyers question witnesses is also the embodiment of wisdom, good lawyers are often the other witness"s testimony can not be trusted, and the judge or jury can not be accepted, thereby losing the effectiveness of the evidence.

Lawyers question witnesses, and judges have a general pay attention only to listen to witnesses. If a judge to speak, are usually only "no effective" or "No null and void" and the judge of statements to determine the question of whether the parties can be adopted. However, common law countries, judges can question witnesses, but their involvement in order to avoid conflict, and remain neutral, and less inclined to open question. There was a very classic case from the negative interpretation of the judge to do so wisely, that is, "Jones v. National Coal Board" case: In that case when the trial judge too many questions, so that the parties can not be with his view that the best way evidence, the Court of Appeal only on the basis of the case back to lower court retrial. [6] This case also illustrates the law of "procedure is superior to the rights of" principle.

Anglo-American judge in the trial have demonstrated a more negative, they are the beginning of the case on the merits ignorant, we must understand in the course of a hearing, which the parties and their lawyers must play a major role. This is mainly because in the Anglo-American legal systems of countries, more common view is that in court proceedings to obtain the true situation in the best way is to allow parties to debate the real situation, which judges would only act as a supervisor of rules of court role, that is, "adversarial" litigation. In civil law countries is just the opposite. In their view, if the judge allows a greater role may be more conducive to discover the true situation. Thus the judge is obliged to ask questions, inform, encourage and persuade the parties, the lawyers and witnesses in order to obtain from them all of the real situation, to avoid the fault of the parties lead to lose. Civil law countries the number of civil trials or with some "inquisitorial" in nature, have some bureaucratic characteristics. [7] for the conduct of proceedings and evidence are required to investigate the main court, the judge who is a positive image of the trial presided over the court. In the United States, "against the system" the implementation of the proceedings is very strict. This is mainly because the common law as long as it is not equitable request, the first phase of civil litigation is still to participate in trial by jury.

l Conclusion
Civil law system inherited from Roman law is mainly generated, and the law is not the succession of Roman law precisely, the difference between the two is enormous. Such as civil law is statutory law, common law and case law, such as it is. In this paper, selected proceedings of comparison, the only civil law and common law judicial system in a concrete difference. Of different legal systems of the differences between it is very meaningful that allows us to learn from each other, in other legal systems in a good system, to improve the country"s legal system, which will have an extremely far-reaching implications.

China"s socialist legal system construction is in full swing of the stage, in the civil law system based on the statute book at the same time, the appropriate law countries learn from the case law system, to enrich, and improve China"s legal system, but also have practical significance. Under the socialist market economic operation process, will inevitably encounter a variety of new situations and problems, which will require us to look at the global, boldly absorb and draw on foreign legal systems of the essence.

Civil law and common law distinction

Generally speaking the distinction between different standards will produce different results, civil law and common law on the judicial, trial basis, the way the proceedings and the court"s organizations in four areas, there would be some obvious differences, their summarized as follows: (a) judicial organs: civil law countries generally speaking, its administrative litigation in this case, is not attributable to the jurisdiction of ordinary courts, while others accept the establishment of the Administrative Court, the civil law is the Administrative Court and ordinary courts parallel system, different The two-track system; and the principle of law there is no establishment of the Administrative Court, and in criminal and administrative proceedings, such as property belonging to the ordinary courts to accept jurisdiction, not to set up the Administrative Court. (B) trial basis: civil law countries generally speaking, is mainly to statutory and customary law and case law as a supplement; and law in addition to the Constitution of the United States, the other so-called law, all attach importance to the unwritten code Therefore, in order to implement the customary law and the jurisprudence of the main. (C) proceedings by: civil law countries generally speaking, are generally imposed stereotypes referee organs; and Anglo-American legal systems usually adopt the jury system, as well as tour the trial system. (D) the court organizations: civil law countries generally speaking, usually the implementation of collegiate system, so a large number of judges; and Anglo-American legal systems usually adopt a single system, the fewer the number of judges. III Summary In summary, we can on the judicial, trial basis, the way the proceedings and the court"s organizations in four areas to explore the civil law and common law on the distinction between the judicial system, a basic understanding of legal systems, there are help us to enter the halls of the law, but also contribute to the overall structure of the legal system and the overall understanding, to build all the people are aware of the legal community.
大陆法系与英美法系是当今世界的两大主要法系,涵盖了世界上一些主要的国家。大陆法系的代表有德国、法国、中国等;而英美法系则当然以英国和美国为其代表。大陆法系与英美法系之间的不同点的比较,一直都是比较法学家们所热衷的话题。两大法系在许多方面都存在着较大的差异,下面我仅从诉讼程序方面对它们加以比较。

一直以来,比较法学家们都倾向于假定,世界上所有发达的法律体系中,相似的需要总是以相似的方法来满足。[1]但是,大陆法系与英美法系在诉讼程序上的巨大差异却打破了这一假定。诸如简易民事诉讼的准备和进行、向法庭提出事实的方式、选择或询问证人或鉴定人的方式等的巨大差异,都使这一假定不能成立。而两大法系之所以会有如此多的差异,则受到了多方面原因的影响,如地理差异、民族习惯、文化特点、历史传统等,但我认为其最主要的原因还是意识形态和文化传统的影响。两大法系国家在许多方面不同的思维习惯,造就了两大法系的巨大差异。

英美法系中诉讼程序的许多特性,实际上是由一个决定性的事实造成的,即该诉讼程序来源于陪审制。现在,普遍的观点认为,英国只有在刑事案件中才使用陪审制,而且是在严重的犯罪并且被告主张自己“无罪”时才使用。[2]尽管如此,英国的民事诉讼中仍然渗透着陪审制的传统。而陪审制的影响,使民事审判和刑事审判一样,有许多特定的诉讼程序。[3]这也就使其诉讼程序区别于大陆法系国家。

在大陆法系中,诉讼可以有间隔地划分为多次的审理。因而,对于一方当事人在法庭上提出的出人意料的观点或证据,另一方当事人可以有充足的时间在下一次的法庭审理中提出进一步的证据予以反驳。而在英美法系中则大不相同,由于采取的是一次性的审理,律师为了防止同样的事情发生,不但要把自己的论点和证据想清楚,还必须了解对方的论点和证据。因为在英美法系国家的审判中,如果出现了意想不到的证据,任何一方都不能轻易地要求休庭。这就使得律师必须在开庭之前会见他的证人,以搞清楚他们会在法庭上说些什么、做些什么。对于这种行为,德国的律师却认为是违反职业道德的。[4]由此我们也不难想象为什么英美法系国家的诉讼经常有出人意料的结果,为什么那些能在法庭上以一己之力翻云覆雨的律师总是受人尊敬。而大陆法系国家的法庭审理却总是给人按部就班的感觉,而显得不够精彩,律师很难有非常精彩的表现。

既然在英美法系国家中采用一次性审理的模式,那么法官的作用如何呢?在审判开始之前,律师们进行了精心的准备,而法官对于争议的问题和有关的证据却极不清楚。据认为,法官靠律师通过口头陈述提供全部必要的事实和法律。[5]我们都知道,在英美法系国家的法庭上,律师独立地决定传唤哪些证人、提问证人。每个证人都是被一方提问之后,再由另一方进行反提问。提问证人也是律师智慧的体现,出色的律师常常能使对方证人的证词不可信,而无法被法官或陪审团采纳,从而失去了证据的效力。

律师提问证人,而法官一般只注意听取证人的证词。法官如果发言,通常都只是“反对有效”或“反对无效”之类的判断性语句,以决定当事人的问题是否可以被采纳。然而,英美法系国家中的法官是可以提问证人的,但他们为了避免卷入冲突,并且保持中立,而倾向于少开口提问。曾经有一个案例非常经典地从反面诠释了法官这么做的明智,即“琼斯诉全国煤炭委员会”案:在该案初审时法官提问过多,使双方当事人不可能用他认为最好的方式提出证据,上诉法院仅据此就将该案发回下级法院重审。[6]这个案例同时也说明了英美法系中“程序优于权利”的原则。

英美的法官在审判中处处表现得较为消极,他们在案件的开始阶段对案情一无所知,必须在审理过程中了解,因而当事人及其律师就必须发挥主要的作用。这主要是因为,在英美法系的国家,比较普遍的观点是,在法庭审理过程中获得真实情况的最好办法是让当事人辩论出真实的情况,而法官则只是充当法庭规则的监督者的角色,即“对抗制”的诉讼。而在大陆法系的国家却正好相反。他们认为,如果能让法官发挥较大的作用,可能会更有利于发现真实的情况。因而法官有义务提问、告知、鼓励和劝导当事人、律师和证人,以便从他们那里获得全部真实情况,避免当事人的过失导致败诉。大陆法系国家的民事审判多少还是带有一些“纠问式”的性质,具有一些官僚特征。[7]对于诉讼的进行和证据的调查皆以法院为主,法官是以积极审判者的形象主持法庭审理。在美国,“对抗制”诉讼程序的实行是非常严格的。这主要是因为,只要是普通法而非衡平法上的请求,民事诉讼的初审阶段仍然由陪审团参加审理。

l 结 语
大陆法系主要是继承了罗马法而产生的,而英美法系恰恰是未继承罗马法,二者之间的差异是巨大的。如大陆法主要是成文法,而英美法却是判例法等。本文所选取的诉讼程序的比较,只是大陆法系与英美法系在具体司法制度上的一个差异。研究不同法系之间的差异是非常有意义的,可以使我们取长补短,吸收别的法系中的好的制度,来完善本国的法律制度,这将会产生极其深远的影响。

我国当前社会主义法制建设正处于紧锣密鼓的阶段,在立足于大陆法系成文法的同时,适当借鉴英美法系国家的判例法制度等,来充实、完善我国的法律体系,也是具有现实意义的。在社会主义市场经济运行的过程中,将不可避免地遇到各种各样的新情况、新问题,这都需要我们放眼于全球,大胆地吸收、借鉴外国的法律制度中的精华。

大陆法系与英美法系的区别

一般来说不同的区分标准会产生不同的结果,大陆法系与英美法系就审判机关、

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department of law   法学学士学位 LL.B(Bachelor of Laws) J.D ( juris doctor缩写,美国法学学士)   法学院 law school   法院公告 court announcement   反诉状 counterclaim   房地产律师 real estate lawyer; realproperty lawyer   非合伙律师associate lawyer   非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice   高级合伙人 senior partner   高级律师 senior lawyer   各类协议和合同agreements and contracts   公安局 Public Security Bureau   公司上市 company listing   公诉案件 public-prosecuting case   公证书 notarial certificate   国办律师事务所 state-run law office   国际贸易 international trade   国际诉讼international litigation   国内诉讼 domestic litigation   合伙律师 partner lawyer   合伙制律师事务所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law office   合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, draftingand revision   会见当事人 interview a client   会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect   兼职律师 part-time lawyer   监狱 prison;jail   鉴定结论 expert conclusion   缴纳会费 membership dues   举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi   决定书 decision   勘验笔录 record of request   看守所 detention house   抗诉书 protest   控告人 accuser; complainant   跨国诉讼transnational litigation   劳动争议 labor disputes   劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee forlabor disputes   劳改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm   利害关系人 interested party; party in interest   律管处处长 directorof lawyer control department   律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law   律师惩戒 lawyerdiscipline   律师法 Lawyer Law   律师费 lawyer fee   律师函 lawyer"s letter   律师见证 lawyerattestation/authentication   律师见证书 lawyercertification/authentication/witness   律师卷宗 lawyer"sdocile; file   律师刊物 lawyer"s journal   律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer   律师事务所 lawoffice; law firm   律师收费 billing by lawyer   律师网站 lawyer website   律师协会 NationalBar (Lawyer) Association   律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association   律师协会秘书长secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association   律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition   律师业务室 lawyer"s office   律师执业证 lawyer license   律师助理 assistant lawyer   律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyerqualification exam   律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate   民事案件 civilcase   民事调解 civil mediation   民事诉讼 civil litigation   派出所 local police station; police substation   判决 judgement(用于民事、行政案件); determination(用于终审); sentence(用于刑事案); verdict(由陪审团作出)   旁证circumstantial evidence   企业章程 articles of association;articles of incorporation; bylaw   企业重组 corporate restructure   起诉状 information; indictment   取消律师资格 disbar   全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress   缺席宣判 pronounce judgement ordetermination by default   人民法院 People"sCourt   人民检察院 People"s Procuratorate   认定事实 determine facts   上诉案件 case oftrial of second instance; appellate case   上诉人 appellant   上诉状 petition for appeal   涉外律师 lawyersspecially handling foreign-related matters   申请复议 administrative reconsiderationpetition   申请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association   申请人petitioner; claimant   申诉案件 appealcase   申诉人(仲裁)claimant; plaintiff   申诉书 appeal forrevision, petition for revision   实习律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period   实习律师证certificate of apprentice lawyer   视听证据audio-visual reference material   适用法律 apply lawto facts   受害人 victim   书证 documentaryevidence   司法部 Ministryof Justice   司法建议书 judicialadvise   司法局 JudicialBureau   司法局副局长 deputydirector of Judicial Bureau   司法局局长 directorof Judicial Bureau   司法统一考试 uniformjudicial exam   送达 service ofprocess   诉讼 litigation;action; lawsuit   诉讼当事人litigation party; litigious party   诉讼业务litigation practice   诉状 complaint; bill of complaint;statement of claim   推销法律服务 promote/market legal service   外国律师事务所foreign law office   委托代理合同 authorized representationcontract   委托代理人 agent adlitem; entrusted agent   委托授权书 power of attorney   物证 material evidence   嫌疑人 criminalsuspect   项目融资 project financing   项目谈判 project negotiating   刑事案件 criminal case   刑事诉讼 criminallitigation   行政诉讼 administrative litigation   休庭 adjourn the court; recess   宣判 pronouncejudgement; determination   宣誓书 affidavit   业务进修 attendance in advanced studies   一审案件 case of trial of first instance   与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreignlaw firms   原告 plaintiff   证券律师 securities lawyer   证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit   执行笔录 execution record   执业登记registration for practice   执业范围 scope of practice; sphere ofpractice; practice area   执业申请 practice application   执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyerlicense   仲裁 arbitration   仲裁案件arbitration case   仲裁机构 arbitration agency   专门律师 specialized lawyer   专职律师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer   撰写法律文章 write legal thesis   资信调查 credit standing investigation   自诉案件 privateprosecuting case ;
2023-01-02 11:51:301

律师常用的法律英语汇总

律师常用的法律英语汇总   导语:律师是指通过国家司法考试并依法取得律师执业证书,接受委托或者指定,为当事人提供法律服务的执业人员。律师常用的法律英语有哪些呢?现在一起去看看吧!欢迎查看!   法律实务英语-律师部分   案件受理费 court acceptance fee   案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case   案由 cause of action   案子 case   包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits   被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)   被上诉人 appellee   被诉人 respondent; defendant   本案律师 councel pro hac vice   本地律师 local counsel   毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate   辩护词 defense; pleadings   辩护律师 defense lawyer   辩护要点 point of defense   辩护意见 submission   财产租赁 property tenancy   裁定书 order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定)   裁决书 award(用于仲裁)   裁决书 verdict(用于陪审团)   采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence   草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests   查阅法条 source legal provisions   产权转让 conveyancing   出差 go on errand; go on a business trip   出国深造 further study abroad   出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion   出示的证据 exhibit   出庭 appear in court   传票 summons; subpoena   答辩状 answer; reply   代理词 representation   代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate   代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations   代理仲裁 agency for arbitration   代写文书 drafting of legal instruments   待决案件 pending case   当事人陈述 statement of the parties   第三人 third party   吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license   调查笔录 investigative record   调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence   调解 mediation   调解书 mediation   二审案件 case of trial of second instance   发送电子邮件 send e-mail   法律顾问 legal consultants   法律意见书 legal opinions   法律援助 legal aid   法律咨询 legal counseling   法庭 division; tribunal   法学博士学位 LL.D (Doctor of Laws)   法学会 law society   法学课程 legal courses   法学硕士学位 LL.M (Master of Laws)   法学系 faculty of law; department of law   法学学士学位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)   J.D ( juris doctor缩写,美国法学学士)   法学院 law school   法院公告 court announcement   反诉状 counterclaim   房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer   非合伙律师 associate lawyer   非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice   高级合伙人 senior partner   高级律师 senior lawyer   各类协议和合同 agreements and contracts   公安局 Public Security Bureau   公司上市 company listing   公诉案件 public-prosecuting case   公证书 notarial certificate   国办律师事务所 state-run law office   国际贸易 international trade   国际诉讼 international litigation   国内诉讼 domestic litigation   合伙律师 partner lawyer   合伙制律师事务所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice   合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision   会见当事人 interview a client   会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect   兼职律师 part-time lawyer   监狱 prison; jail   鉴定结论 expert conclusion   缴纳会费 membership dues   举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi   决定书 decision   勘验笔录 record of request   看守所 detention house   抗诉书 protest   控告人 accuser; complainant   跨国诉讼 transnational litigation   劳动争议 labor disputes   劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee for labor disputes   劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm   利害关系人 interested party; party in interest   律管处处长 director of lawyer control department   律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law   律师惩戒 lawyer discipline   律师法 Lawyer Law   律师费 lawyer fee   律师函 lawyer"s letter   律师见证 lawyer attestation/authentication   律师见证书 lawyer certification/authentication/witness   律师卷宗 lawyer"s docile; file   律师刊物 lawyer"s journal   律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer   律师事务所 law office; law firm   律师收费 billing by lawyer   律师网站 lawyer website   律师协会 National Bar (Lawyer) Association   律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association   律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association   律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition   律师业务室 lawyer"s office   律师执业证 lawyer license   律师助理 assistant lawyer   律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam   律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate   民事案件 civil case   民事调解 civil mediation   民事诉讼 civil litigation   派出所 local police station; police substation   判决 judgement(用于民事、行政案件);   determination(用于终审);   sentence(用于刑事案);   verdict(由陪审团作出)   旁证 circumstantial evidence   企业章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw   企业重组 corporate restructure   起诉状 information; indictment   取消律师资格 disbar   全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress   缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default   人民法院 People"s Court   人民检察院 People"s Procuratorate   认定事实 determine facts   上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case   上诉人 appellant   上诉状 petition for appeal   涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters   申请复议 administrative reconsideration petition   申请加入律师协会 application for admission to Law Association   申请人 petitioner; claimant   申诉案件 appeal case   申诉人(仲裁) claimant; plaintiff   申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision   实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period   实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer   视听证据 audio-visual reference material   适用法律 apply law to facts   受害人 victim   书证 documentary evidence   司法部 Ministry of Justice   司法建议书 judicial advise   司法局 Judicial Bureau   司法局副局长 deputy director of Judicial Bureau   司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau   司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam   送达 service of process   诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit   诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party   诉讼业务 litigation practice   诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim   推销法律服务 promote/market legal service   外国律师事务所 foreign law office   委托代理合同 authorized representation contract   委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent   委托授权书 power of attorney   物证 material evidence   嫌疑人 criminal suspect   项目融资 project financing   项目谈判 project negotiating   刑事案件 criminal case   刑事诉讼 criminal litigation   行政诉讼 administrative litigation   休庭 adjourn the court; recess   宣判 pronounce judgement; determination   宣誓书 affidavit   业务进修 attendance in advanced studies   一审案件 case of trial of first instance   与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms   原告 plaintiff   证券律师 securities lawyer   证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit   执行笔录 execution record   执业登记 registration for practice   执业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area   执业申请 practice application   执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license   仲裁 arbitration   仲裁案件 arbitration case   仲裁机构 arbitration agency   专门律师 specialized lawyer   专职律师 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer   撰写法律文章 write legal thesis   资信调查 credit standing investigation   自诉案件 private prosecuting case   2、常见英语短句   近期的.一系列审理案件,法律离我们越来越近,一系列法律术语耳熟能详,现在英文版的来咯。一边关注最新法律实事,一边温习你的英语吧。   1.Divine‘s punishments, though slow, are always sure.   天网恢恢,疏而不漏。   2.An act is not a crime unless the law says it is one.   法无明文规定者不为罪。   3.This contract is made of one original and two duplicate originals, all of which are of the same effect.   本合同一式三份,具有同等效力。   4. The law does not concern itself about family trifles.   法律难断家务事。   5.This document is legally binding.   该文件具有法律约束力。   6. This law is in abeyance.   此法暂缓执行。   7. This law has become a dead letter.   此法已成为一纸空文。   8. This law will go into effect on the day of its promulgation.   本法自公布之日起施行。   9 The court dismissed the action.   法院驳回诉讼。   10. The court ordered the case to be retried.   法院命令重审此案……   11.Giving the killer what he deserves.   予杀人者以应得之罪。   12. Hate the sin but not the sinner.   可恨的是罪行而非罪人。   13.Everyone has the right to freedom of expression.   每个人都享有言论自由。   14. Everyone is equal before the law.   法律面前人人平等。   15. First in time, first in right.   先在权利优先。   16. No rights can rest on one person without a corresponding duty resting on some other person or persons.   没有无义务的权利。   17. In most civil contexts it does not matter whether negligence is “gross” or “slight”.   在多数民事事项环境中,过失行为是否“严重”或“轻微”并不关紧要。   18. Traditionally, firm referred to a partnership, as opposed to a company.   按惯例,firm是指合伙企业,与公司相对。   19.A transaction between two parties ought not to operate to the disadvantage of a third.   合约不约束第三人。   20. An acceptance once given cannot be revoked unless the offeror consents.   除非要约人同意,承诺一经做出即不得撤回。   21. A contract may be modified if the parties reach a consensus through consultation.   当事人协商一致即可以变更合同。   22. Any amendments to this contract shall become effective only by a written agreement by Party A and Party B.   对本合同的任何修改,只有经甲、乙双方签署书面协议后方能生效。   23. Any annex is the integral part of this contract.   本合同一切附件均为本合同的有效组成部分。   24. Any departure from the terms and conditions of the contract must be advised in writing.   任何与合同条款相背离的地方,都应以书面形式通知。   25. Any failure by a party to carry out all or part of his obligations under the contract shall be considered as a substantial breach.   一方当事人不履行本合同的全部或任何部分义务均应被视为是根本违约。   26. Any party has no right to terminate this contract without another party‘s agreement.   未经另一方当事人同意,任何当事人均无权终止本合同。   27.Examples of void contracts are those entered as a result of misrepresentation, duress or undue influence.   因欺诈、胁迫和乘人之危而签订的合同属于可撤销合同。   28. If any of the above-mentioned clauses is inconsistent with the following additional clauses, the latter to be taken as authentic.   以上任何条款如与下列附加条款相抵触,以下列附加条款为准。   29. If there are provisions as otherwise stated in respect to contracts in other laws, such provisions shall be followed.   其他法律对合同另有规定的,应依照这些规定。   30.No consideration, no contract.   合同无对价不成立。   31. Other special terms will be listed bellows.   甲、乙双方如有特殊约定将在下列另行约定。   32. Party A and B have reached an agreement through friendly consultation to conclude the following contract.   甲、乙双方,经友好协商一致,订立本合同。   33. Parties hereto may revise or supplement through negotiation matters not mentioned herein.   本合同如有未尽事宜,双方可协商修订或补充。   34. The parties may dissolve the contract upon consensus through consultation.   当事人协商一致,可以解除合同。   35. Counsel must not lead the witness.   律师不得诱导证人。   36. The jury returned a verdict of guilty, and the judge will pass sentence next week.   陪审团裁定有罪,法官将于下周判刑。   37. The jury was unable to reach a unanimous decision.   陪审团未能达成意见一致的裁决。   38.Judgment was entered for the plaintiff.   判决原告胜诉。   39. Now the court is in session.   现在开庭。   40. Order in the court.   法庭内保持肃静。   41. objection -反对 objection overruled——反对驳回 ;
2023-01-02 11:51:401

英语小问题(简单得很)

从A,E可知A,B,E都是法官,再根据D可知他是律师(因为D说B,E不可能都是法官,实际上他们都是,所以D说了谎,可知他是律师),而C说D是法官,说明C说了谎,所以C是律师。这样可知:法官:A,B,E律师:C,D
2023-01-02 11:51:517

有关律师的名言警句

  律师要具有哲人的智慧,诗人的激情,法学家的素养,政治家的立场。有哪些 名言 警句是有关律师的呢?下面我给你带来的是有关律师的名言警句,希望你喜欢!  律师的名言警句(热门版)   1) 律师这个职业是一个高尚的职业,这个职业在促进社会进步和维护法律秩序方面,有着良好的传统和远大的前程。律师作为国家进步的先锋,总是热情地捍卫人类的自由和法律的统治。对于那些有着敏锐才智、具有从事艰苦工作能力和抱负的年轻人来说,律师这个职业有着无限宽广的前景。这个职业给他们提供一个机会,使他们能够在正确地执行正义与维护法律准则方面发挥他们的作用。--B·马利克   2) 律师这个职业是一个伟大的职业,为了完成这一职业的责任,这一职业的每个成员都必须忘我地投身于他的职责。律师是有才能者的伟大职业,无论环境的荣衰,还是命运的变迁,都不能阻止这些有才能者前进的步伐。从事这一职业需要具有渊博的知识、很高的精神能力和广泛的 文化 。--基舒·普拉萨德   3) 我要对年轻的律师提几句忠告:你可以热血沸腾、激情满腔,但这种激情都要由理性来支配;你应当保持你的独立性的不妥协性,但要有节制,不失礼仪上的谦恭;不要束缚你奔放的情感,但要防止显得虚伪做作。--戈帕尔吉·梅罗特拉   4) 一个真正伟大、优秀和成功的律师必须具备以下素质:他必须掌握 法律知识 ,并且是人类行为方面的专家,他必须是口才流利的演说家,机制的策略家、优秀的指挥官,一个多才多艺的人,他必须对人类生活的各方面具有广泛知识;他必须对人和人的行为方式有一种内在的知识。--D·N·辛哈   5) 我们要让法律成为这个国家的政治信仰。--林肯   6) 一个在未被定罪之前,都是无辜的。   7) 我恨罪恶,但我从不恨罪人。--丹诺   8) 我不同意你说的话,但是我愿意誓死捍卫你说话的权利。--伏尔泰   9) 律师是一个看起来很美、说起来很烦、听起来很阔、做起来很难的职业。--刘桂明   10) 律师兴,则法治兴;法治兴,则国家兴。   11) 律师有三种境界:第一个境界是有高度责任心,全心全意为当事人服务;第二个境界   12) 是有社会良心,为弱势群体、为权利被践踏的人伸张正义;第三个境界是有历史使命感,敢   13) 于为中国的法治与宪政,挑战权威、挑战体制。   14) 律师要具有哲人的智慧,诗人的激情,法学家的素养,政治家的立场,四者统一于科   15) 学的使命和职业良心与社会正义之中。   16) 即使只能做一个花瓶,我也要在里面插一枝含露带刺的玫瑰。--张思之   17) 让所有的辩护都通往正义。--许兰亭   18) 律师要始终做中国特色社会主义的法律工作者、经济社会又好又快发展的服务者、当事人合法权益的维护者、社会公平正义的保障者、社会和谐稳定的促进者。--周永康   19) 你戴着荆棘的皇冠而来,你握着正义的宝剑而来。律师,神圣之门、又是地狱之门。   20) 但你视一切险阻诱惑为无物。你的格言:在法律面前人人平等,惟有客观事实才有最高的权威。--胡乔木   律师的名言警句(精选版)   1) 律师之门,是神圣之门,是正义之门。--于宁   2) 没有律师就没有法治。   3) 律师不是天使也不是魔鬼,律师既不代表正义也不代表邪恶,而是通过参与司法活动的   4) 整体过程去实现并体现正义。--田文昌   5) 冰冻三尺非一日之寒,一天时间也建不起法治的罗马城。地位与权力终究要用自己   6) 的努力来换龋困境面前,律师要自强不息,走出一条属于自己的路。 --巩沙   7) 律者,“法令”、“约束”也;师者,技长者,“传道授业解惑也”。   8) 两字合成为“律师”,即表明:律师乃律己之榜样,律师以擅法为专长,严肃而神圣乃律师职业之道。--栾少湖—江平   9) 法治社会的律师应该是公民私权利的忠实代表,是社会理性不同声音的忠实代表,是以私权利制约公权力的忠实代表。   10) 律师的执业权利与地位,是一个社会民主法治进程和人权保障最灵敏的晴雨表。--吕良彪   11) 没有小案子,只有小律师。   12) 失败的教训往往比成功的 经验 更重要。   13) 做有思想的律师,让法治成为信仰。   14) 中国律师应有自己的思想,自己的信仰,自己的团队,自己的力量。--刘辉   15) 律师别拿自己太当回事,也不要拿自己不当回事。 -陆咏歌   16) 屡战屡败,屡败屡战。--翟建   17) 律师是个良心活。--段建国   18) 依法辩曲直,仗义论是非。   19) 律师挣人家钱都是乘人之危,人家摊事才找你,所以要讲良心,服好务。   律师的英语名言警句(推荐版)   Discourage litigation. Persuade your neighbors to compromise whenever you can. As a peacemaker the lawyer has superior opportunity of being a good man. There will still be busineenough." ——Abraham Lincol   阻止诉讼。随时说服你的邻居采取折衷 措施 去避免诉讼,律师作为调节人,不但有很好的机会成为一个好人,而且总是有许多生意上门。——亚伯拉罕·林肯   Every lawyer should be a conciliator. Lawyers are men whom we hire to protect us from lawyers. ——Elbert Hubbard   每一个律师应该是一个调和人。律师是我们聘来用以应付其他律师的。——埃尔伯特·哈伯德   Two farmers each claimed to own a certain cow. While one pulled on its head and the other pulled on its tail, the cow was milked by a lawyer.   ——Jewish parable   两个农夫分别宣布拥有某头牛,当他们一个抓着牛头另一个抓着牛尾(相持不下)时,牛奶最终都会被律师挤走。——犹太格言   What do you get in place of a conscience? Don"t answer. I know: a lawyer. ——Detective Story   你用什么替代良心?不用说我也知:律师。——《侦探的 故事 》   My daddy is a movie actor, and sometimes he plays the good guy, and sometimes he plays the lawyer. ——Malcolm Ford   我爸爸是个电影演员,有时他演好人,但有时他也演律师。——马尔科姆·福特   Of course, people are getting smarter nowadays; they are letting lawyers instead of their conscience be their guides. ——Will Rogers   当然,现在人们已变得越来聪明,总是以自律师而不是良心作为处理事情的向导。——威·罗杰斯   An incompetent attorney can delay a trial for months or years. A competent attorney can delay one even longer. ——Evelle J. Younger   一个不合格的律师可以把审判拖上几个月或几年;而合格的律师甚至可以拖更长。——伊夫林·J·扬格   When there are too many policemen, there can be no liberty; when there are too many soldiers, there can be no peace; when there are too many lawyers, there can be no justice."--Lin Yutang   警察过多,可能会失去自由;战士过多,可能会失去和平;律师过多可能会失去公正。——林语堂   Lawyers cannot remain empty of head and pure of heart.... A lawyer has a duty to investigate or take some steps to inform himself in a situation where he believes that there is client perjury.——Barry S. Alberts   律师们不能保证自己的纯洁……他有义务研究或采取步骤使自己相信客户所讲的一切甚至伪证。——巴里·S·艾伯特斯   Lawyers are always more ready to get a man into troubles, than out of them.——Oliver Goldsmith   律师总是准备将当事人拖入麻烦之中,而不是将其从中救出。——奥利弗·戈德史密斯   Lawyers don"t love beggars.——Thomas Fuller   律师不喜欢乞丐。——托马斯·富勒   Lawyers" fingers, who straight dream on fees.——William Shakespeare律师一直梦着数钱(律师费)。——威廉·莎士比亚   That whether you"re an honest man or whether you"re a thief depends on whose solicitor has given me my brief.——Sir W.S. Gilbert   你是一个诚实的人还是一个小偷,取决于辩护律师已交与我的答辩状。——W·S·吉尔伯特爵士   Fee: A contingency fee is an arrangement in which if you lose, your lawyer gets nothing and if you   win you get nothing. ——George M.Palmer   费用:风险代理律师费是这样安排的:如果你输了官司,你的律师将一无所获;而如果你赢了,你将一无所获。——乔治·M·帕尔默   Lawyers Can Seriously Damage Your Health.——Michael Joseph   律师能严重损害您的健康。——迈克尔·约瑟夫   Lawyer"s houses are built on the heads of fools.——George Herbert   律师的房子建在傻子的头上。——乔治·赫伯特   I know you lawyers can, with ease, twist words and meanings as you please;that language, by your skill made pliant, will bend to favor every client.   ——John Gay   我知你们律师可以毫不费力地根据自己的喜好扭曲词汇和意义;通过技巧使语言顺从于每一个顾客的喜好。——约翰·盖伊   A man without money, needs no more fear a crowd of lawyers, than a crowd of pickpockets.——William Wycherley   一个穷光蛋不用害怕律师也不用害怕扒手。——威廉·威彻利   There are limits to permissible misrepresentation, even at the hands of a lawyer.——John Maynard Keynes   律师的手中恰当地把握着虚假陈述在法律允许范围内的限度。——约翰·梅纳尔·凯恩斯(转载自法律博客) 看了有关律师的名言警句还看: 1. 律师工作格言 2. 关于法律的名言名句 3. 有关于律师的座右铭 4. 关于律师的座右铭大全 5. 关于律师座右铭诗词
2023-01-02 11:52:211

lawyer是什么意思?

lawyer:律师,法学家。复数:lawyers。易混淆单词:无。
2023-01-02 11:52:286

我的爸爸是一名律师的英语作文

每个人都有理想,每个人都会为自己的理想奋斗,努力.每个人都有自己的理由,因为只要有目标,不管路途有多么陡多么峭,都会变成一条平坦的路.理想就是一盏灯,照亮了前方,我们便轻而易举地大步走向前.一旦没有理想,我们的路将凹凸不平. 世上有几十亿人,世上也有很多不公平的时候.男人如果打女人,告上法院的话.男人肯定会赢了这场官司,为什么?因为男人有钱有工作,女人没钱,男人有钱即可以请律师,还可以找假证人,所以女人会输,男人会赢.如果将来我当了一名律师,不会让我看到不公平的事发生。 律师的工资
2023-01-02 11:52:543

关于律师的英文简介 帮忙用英语介绍一下律师这个职业 谢谢了

A lawyer,according to Black"s Law Dictionary,is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney,counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs,maintain the stability of political and social authority,and deliver justice.Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems,or to advance the interests of those who retain lawyers to perform legal services. The role of the lawyer varies significantly across legal jurisdictions,and so it can be treated here in only the most general terms.
2023-01-02 11:53:131

英语中名词有那些.

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2023-01-02 11:53:196

关键词:法律、公平、律师、素质翻译成英文

法律:law公平:fair律师:lawyer素质:quality
2023-01-02 11:53:427

the old man has two sons,both of ()are lawyers,这个题目中逗号改为句号,那有什么不同呢?

回答the old man has two sons,both of (whom)are lawyers.这是非限制性定语从句,whom指的是那个the man..另外,介词后只能用which/ whom.指人用whom指物用which....The old man has two sons.Both of(them)are lawyers,,句中的them指的是the man的儿子,,指代的人不一样,所以用的代词就不同
2023-01-02 11:54:122

例如第一单元的,就是Lawyers charge such high fees,but they never seem to beshort of clients 的翻译

律师们收费很高,但是他们好像从来不缺客人。
2023-01-02 11:54:204

求高手翻译!!!急!!!谢谢!!!

你的这段话的中文意思是:律师可分为几种类型。出庭律师是一种类型。办公室执业大律师是另一回事。办公室的做法是关注事项,如准备文件,咨询业务,或解决屋。许多办公室执业律师不参加诉讼,但保留诉讼审判律师。全科医生,尤其是在小社区,可处理每一个被带到办公室的问题。律师楼的律师是另一大集团。他们受雇于业务,该业务的内部运作协助防止和解决法律问题。律师在社会中发挥重要作用。首先,他们的顾问。律师的产品的建议 - 在一个变化无穷的主题的建议。大部分的意见是不是法律问题,但可能涉及商业决定或家庭事务。其次,律师是为他们的客户倡导者。办公室的律师正在谈判的合同主张审判律师一样,他们的主张是针对其他律师和他们的客户,而不是法官和陪审团。第三,律师是妥协的谈判者。他们设法避免的困难和寻找一个双方都满意的替代性诉讼费用。要成为一个良好的顾问,倡导和谈判,律师必须进行培养。他们必须能够体会到我们的基本自由的历史意义和法律在我们社会中的作用。他们必须清醒的世界中,他们的生活,什么是对的,什么是错它知道,使他们能够履行其作为变革工具的作用。他们必须富有同情心和敏感的人的问题和薄弱环节,因为法律实践是一个很个人的事。律师必须勇敢和愿意代表不受欢迎的原因,因为对律师的权利是必需品存在。他们必须愿意不仅是保卫等原因,而是保卫系统需要这样的表现。
2023-01-02 11:54:383

在法律中,“bar”是什么?

1、bar的最初意思是“围栏”,后通常表示“律师(总称)”,有时也表示“法律界”、“法庭”。2、具体来讲,bar一词的法律意思有三种:①法庭(tribunal;lawcourt);②法律界(legal profession);③律师(总称)(lawyers collectively)
2023-01-02 11:54:501

海南省律师协会的协会章程

第一章 总 则第一条 为规范海南省律师行业管理行为,促进海南省律师行业的发展,发挥海南省律师协会作用,保障会员合法权益,依据《中华人民共和国律师法》和《中华全国律师协会章程》的规定,结合本省实际,制定本章程。第二条 海南省律师协会(以下简称本会)是依法设立的社会团体法人,是律师的自律性组织,依法实施行业自律管理。第三条 本会名称和住所:中文名称:海南省律师协会英文名称:HAINAN LAWYERS ASSOCIATION, 缩写:HNLA住所:海南省海口市海甸岛人民大道56号海南律师会馆。第四条 本会宗旨:团结和教育会员维护宪法和法律的尊严,忠实于律师事业;维护律师的合法权益;加强行业自律建设;努力建设一支坚持信念、精通法律、维护正义、恪守诚信的律师队伍,为依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家,促进社会的文明和进步而贡献力量。第五条 本会受海南省司法厅的监督和指导;受中华全国律师协会的指导。第二章 职 责第六条 本会依法履行下列职责:(一)保障律师依法执业,维护律师的合法权益;(二)配合司法行政机关制定律师工作的发展规划、方针,制定并完善律师执业规范、准则和律师行业管理制度;(三)开展律师业务研讨,总结、交流律师工作经验,提高律师整体执业水准和社会形象;(四)加强对律师职业道德和执业纪律的教育、检查和监督;(五)组织实施律师执业前的培训和执业中的继续教育;(六)对律师、律师事务所实施奖励和处分;(七)调处律师和律师事务所在执业活动中发生的纠纷;(八)宣传律师工作,出版律师刊物;(九)组织律师和律师事务所依法履行法律援助义务,开展社会公益活动;(十)负责对律师进行考核,协助和配合司法行政机关对律师事务所进行考核;(十一)组织管理申请律师执业人员的实习活动,对申请律师执业人员进行考核和管理;(十二)鼓励和支持律师参政、议政;(十三)组织律师开展对外交流;(十四)参与立法活动,向有关部门提出法制建设及律师制度建设的建议;(十五)协调与相关司法、执法和行政机关的关系;(十六)受理对会员的投诉或举报,对会员的违法、违规行为进行调查取证,作出行业处分或向司法行政机关提出行政处罚的建议;(十七)设立本会派驻市、县工作站,领导并支持工作站工作;(十八)法律、行政法规、规章以及本会章程规定的其他职责。第三章 会 员第七条 依照《中华人民共和国律师法》规定,在海南省司法厅取得律师执业证书的律师,为本会的个人会员。在海南省司法厅依法取得律师事务所执业许可证的律师事务所,为本会的团体会员。通过本会团体会员申请律师执业的实习人员,为本会的预备会员,接受本会的管理。公职律师、公司律师、经批准设立的外国律师事务所驻琼代表机构及代表,以及经批准设立的港、澳及其他地区律师事务所驻琼代表机构及代表,受邀可以成为本会的特邀会员。第八条 个人会员的权利:(一)享有本会的选举权、被选举权;(二)享有依法执业保障权;(三)在办理重大或复杂疑难案件时,可获得本会支持与指导;(四)参加本会组织的学习和培训;(五)参加业务研讨和经验交流活动;(六)使用本会的图书、资料、网络和信息资源;(七)对本会的工作进行监督,提出批评和建议;(八)通过本会向有关部门反映意见。第九条 个人会员的义务:(一)遵守本会章程,执行本会决议;(二)遵守律师职业道德、执业纪律和行业规范;(三)接受本会的指导、监督和管理;(四)依法履行法律援助及其他法律规定的义务;(五)自觉维护律师职业声誉,维护会员间的团结;(六)完成规定的继续教育计划;(七)按规定交纳会费;(八) 接受并履行本会作出的惩戒决定;(九)《律师法》、其他法规规章和行业规范规定的相关义务。第十条 团体会员享有第八条第(二)项至第(八)项的权利,并享有对本所律师进行考核的权利。第十一条 团体会员的义务:(一) 遵守本会章程,执行本会决议;(二) 教育、指导本所律师遵守律师职业道德和执业纪律;(三) 组织本所律师参加本会的各项活动;(四) 依法履行法律援助及其他法律规定的义务;(五) 制定、实施律师事务所内部的规章制度;(六) 为本所律师行使权利、履行义务提供必要条件;(七) 参加律师执业责任保险;(八) 接受并履行本会作出的惩戒决定;(九) 按规定缴纳团体会员会费;(十) 组织本所律师加强业务学习,提高执业水平,降低执业风险;(十一) 接受本会的考核、指导、监督和管理,承担本会委托的工作。第四章 律师代表大会第十二条 律师代表大会是本会的最高权力机构,每三年举行一次。必要时,经理事会决定,可以提前或延期举行。第十三条 律师代表大会代表由本会会员推选产生。律师代表大会代表应是取得律师执业证书、在本省执业三年以上、具有良好的职业操守、未受过行政处罚或行业处分的执业律师。律师代表大会代表实行常任制,任期三年,可连选连任。第十四条 律师代表大会的职责:(一)制定、修改并监督实施本章程;(二)决定本会的工作方针、任务及其他重大事宜;(三)审议和表决会长所作的工作报告;(四)审议和表决理事会的财务工作报告;(五)通过会费的收缴标准和管理办法;(六)选举理事;(七)审议和表决由主席团提交的其他事项;(八)其他应由律师代表大会讨论决定的事项。第十五条 律师代表大会必须有三分之二以上的代表出席始得举行。律师代表大会作出的决定和决议,应经出席大会二分之一以上的代表通过。本章程另有规定的除外。第十六条 律师代表大会代表应当出席律师代表大会,并履行下列职责:(一)在代表大会上行使审议权、表决权、提案权、提议权、选举权和被选举权;(二)本章程或大会授予的其他职责。第五章 理 事 会第十七条 理事会是律师代表大会的常设机构,由律师代表大会选出的理事组成,对律师代表大会负责并报告工作。任期三年。第十八条 理事应从具有良好职业道德和较高业务水平,执业三年以上,具有奉献精神,热心律师行业公益活动的律师代表大会代表中选举产生。理事任期三年,与当届理事会任期相同。可连选连任。第十九条 理事会履行下列职责:(一) 决定举行律师代表大会;(二) 执行律师代表大会的决定、决议;(三) 选举会长、副会长;(四) 经会长提名,决定聘用秘书长;(五) 根据需要,聘请名誉会长和顾问;(六) 讨论本会年度工作总结及决定新一年的工作要点;(七) 审议通过本会的年度财务收支报告;(八) 推选及提议本省参加全国律师代表大会的代表;(九) 组织实施下一届律师代表大会代表的产生与选举事宜;(十) 提议修改章程等重大事项;(十一)决定设置专门、专业委员会及本会派驻市、县工作站;指导、监督各专门、专业委员会及本会派驻市、县工作站开展工作;(十二)决定对会员的表彰奖励办法或处分办法;(十三)必要时,决定是否举行律师代表大会临时会议;(十四)律师代表大会所授予的其他职责。第二十条 理事会议每年四次,一般每季度一次。经会长办公会议决定或三分之一以上理事书面提议,应当举行理事会临时会议。理事会议的举行,应报告海南省司法厅。第二十一条 理事会议必须有三分之二以上的理事出席始得举行。理事会作出的决定和决议,应经出席会议二分之一以上的理事通过。第二十二条 理事每年连续两次无故、累计三次不参加理事会议者,其理事资格自动取消,由理事会公示。第六章 会长 会长办公会议第二十三条 本会会长、副会长由理事会在理事中选举产生。会长是本会的法定代表人,对外代表本会。会长任期三年,与当届理事会任期相同,可连选连任,但不得超过两届。副会长任期三年,与当届理事会任期相同,可连选连任。第二十四条 会长行使下列职权:(一)代表本会对外从事职务活动;(二)主持律师代表大会;(三)召集并主持理事会、会长办公会议;(四)代表理事会向律师代表大会作工作报告;(五)检查、督促理事会决定和决议的执行;(六)提名秘书长人选;(七)签署律师协会有关文件;(八)行使理事会授予的职责;(九)章程规定或律师代表大会授予的其他职责。副会长协助会长开展工作。第二十五条 本会实行会长办公会议制度,会长办公会议由会长、副会长组成,秘书长列席会议。会长办公会议是律师协会日常事务决策机构,对律师代表大会和理事会负责。第二十六条 会长办公会议行使下列职权:(一)督促、落实理事会部署的工作;(二)决定本会日常工作事项;(三)批准设置秘书处的工作部门及其负责人;(四)决定本会派驻市、县工作站由站长及各专门、专业委员会负责人和组成成员名单;(五)经秘书长提名,决定聘用副秘书长;(六)提请理事会审议不需提交律师代表大会通过、修订或废止的行业规范及规章制度;(七)其他应当由会长办公会议决定或提请理事会及律师代表大会审议的事项。第二十七条 会长办公会议由会长召集并主持,会长因特殊原因不能履行职务时,由会长指定的副会长召集并主持。第二十八条 本会会长、副会长、理事名单应报海南省司法厅和中华全国律师协会备案。第七章 秘书处 专门专业委员会第二十九条 秘书处是本会常设的执行机构,负责具体落实律师代表大会、理事会和会长办公会议的各项决议、决定,并承担本会的日常管理工作。第三十条 秘书处设秘书长一人,副秘书长若干名。秘书长由会长向理事会提名、经表决通过后聘任。副秘书长由秘书长提名,经会长办公会议通过后聘任。第三十一条 秘书长在会长的领导下负责秘书处工作;秘书长列席理事会议和会长办公会议。第三十二条 秘书处实行秘书长负责制。秘书长履行下列职责:(一)主持秘书处日常工作;(二)组织实施律师代表大会、理事会和会长办公会议的各项决定和决议,拟定执行与落实的具体方案。(三)拟定秘书处部门和岗位责任的设置方案;(四)组织制定和落实秘书处各项规章管理制度;(五)提请会长办公会议聘任或解聘副秘书长、秘书处部门负责人及其他工作人员;(六)完成理事会、会长交办的其他工作;第三十三条 本会设立若干专门、专业委员会;专门委员会为本会履行职责的专门工作机构;专业委员会,负责组织律师开展理论研讨和业务交流。本会可以在会员以外聘请专家、学者和有关人士担任本会有关专门、专业委员会的顾问。第三十四条 各专门委员会和专业委员会主任及委员的选任办法和工作规则由理事会制定。第八章 本会派驻市、县工作站第三十五条 本会派驻市、县工作站是本会在本省根据需要派驻在各市、县的工作机构。隶属于本会,接受所在市、县司法行政机关和海南省司法厅的指导和监督。第三十六条 本会派驻市、县工作站的名称为“海南省律师协会某市、县工作站”。工作站由站长、副站长及若干工作人员组成。第三十七条 本会派驻市、县工作站履行以下工作职责:(一)制定本会派驻市、县工作站的年度工作计划,并报本会理事会备案;(二)协助本会维权委员会依法维护所在市、县律师执业权利;(三)协助本会纪律委员会做好投诉调查、处理等工作;(四)根据需要组织所在市、县律师培训;(五)宣传所在市、县律师工作;(六)组织所在市、县律师进行文体活动;(七)开展与所在市、县律师行业有关的其他活动;(八)完成本会理事会布置的其他工作。第九章 奖励与处分第三十八条 本会对模范履行会员义务并对律师事业和社会事业有突出贡献的会员进行奖励;对违反律师职业道德、执业纪律和律师行业规范的会员给予必要处分。第三十九条 本会对会员奖励、处分的办法,由本会理事会具体制定。第十章 经 费第四十条 本会经费来源包括:(一)会费;(二)社会捐赠;(三)会员赞助;(四)本会举办的事业收入;(五)其他合法收入。第四十一条 本会经费主要用于下列开支:(一)向全国律师协会交纳团体会费;(二)工作和业务研讨会议支出;(三)执行机构的各项支出;(四)律师国内和国际交流活动;(五)律师舆论及宣传;(六)专门委员会、专业委员会活动;(七)维护律师合法权益、奖惩会员;(八)为会员提供学习资料、开展业务培训和出版刊物;(九)设立会员互助基金;(十)会员福利事业和文体活动;(十一)秘书处办公经费及人员开支;(十二)经理事会通过的其他必要支出。第四十二条 会费按年度收缴;本会会费的收缴标准及管理办法由理事会拟订,律师代表大会通过后实施。报海南省司法厅和中华全国律师协会备案。第四十三条 本会应加强对会费的管理,制定会费的预、决算方案,接受理事会监督。第十一章 附 则第四十四条 本章程由理事会负责解释。第四十五条 本章程由律师代表大会修改。本章程的修改,必须有三分之二以上的律师代表大会代表出席,并经出席会议三分之二以上的代表通过。第四十六条 本章程所列二分之一、三分之二,不包括本数在内,其他所列数字,应含本数。第四十七条 本章程自通过之日起施行,报海南省司法厅、中华全国律师协会备案。
2023-01-02 11:54:552

lawyer与solicitor的区别??

lawyer与solicitor的区别:1、意思不用。2、用法不同。3、侧重点不同。1、意思不用。lawyer:律师。solicitor:事务律师,诉状律师(代拟法律文书、提供法律咨询等的一般辩护律师),推销员,(城镇或政府部门负责法律事务的)法务官。2、用法不同。lawyer:作名词,律师。例句:Prosecution and defense lawyers are expected to deliver closing arguments next week.翻译:下周控辩双方律师将进行结案陈词。solicitor:作名词,事务律师。例句:The use of a solicitor trained as a mediator would obviate the need for independent legaladvice 翻译:聘请受过调解人培训的事务律师就免去了单独寻求法律咨询的必要。3、侧重点不同。lawyer:泛指律师这个职业,应用最广泛。solicitor:多用于英国,初级律师:不是律师界成员,而只能在低级法庭出庭的律师。
2023-01-02 11:55:146

法律英语常用词汇

法律英语常用词汇汇总   法律通常是指由社会认可国家确认立法机关制定规范的行为规则,并由国家强制力(主要是司法机关)保证[1] 实施的,以规定当事人权利和义务为内容的,对全体社会成员具有普遍约束力的一种特殊行为规范(社会规范)。以下是关于法律的英语常用词汇汇总。   一、 律师部分   案件受理费 court acceptance fee   案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case   案由 cause of action   案子 case   包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits   被告 defendant; the accused   被上诉人 appellee   被诉人 respondent; defendant   本案律师 councel pro hac vice   本地律师 local counsel   毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate   辩护词 defense; pleadings   辩护律师 defense lawyer   辩护要点 point of defense   辩护意见 submission   财产租赁 property tenancy   裁定书 order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定)   裁决书 award(用于仲裁)   裁决书 verdict(用于陪审团)   采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence   草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests   查阅法条 source legal provisions   产权转让 conveyancing   出差 go on errand; go on a business trip   出国深造 further study abroad   出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion   出示的证据 exhibit   出庭 appear in court   传票 summons; subpoena   答辩状 answer; reply   代理词 representation   代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate   代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations   代理仲裁 agency for arbitration   代写文书 drafting of legal instruments   待决案件 pending case   当事人陈述 statement of the parties   第三人 third party   吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license   调查笔录 investigative record   调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence   调解 mediation   调解书 mediation   二审案件 case of trial of second instance   发送电子邮件 send e-mail   法律顾问 legal consultants   法律意见书 legal opinions   法律援助 legal aid   法律咨询 legal counseling   法庭 division; tribunal   法学博士学位 LL.D   法学会 law society   法学课程 legal courses   法学硕士学位 LL.M   法学系 faculty of law; department of law   法学学士学位 LL.B   J.D   法学院 law school   法院公告 court announcement   反诉状 counterclaim   房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer   非合伙律师 associate lawyer   非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice   高级合伙人 senior partner   高级律师 senior lawyer   各类协议和合同 agreements and contracts   公安局 Public Security Bureau   公司上市 company listing   公诉案件 public-prosecuting case   公证书 notarial certificate   国办律师事务所 state-run law office   国际贸易 international trade   国际诉讼 international litigation   国内诉讼 domestic litigation   合伙律师 partner lawyer   合伙制律师事务所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice   合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision   会见当事人 interview a client   会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect   兼职律师 part-time lawyer   监狱 prison; jail   鉴定结论 expert conclusion   缴纳会费 membership dues   举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi   决定书 decision   勘验笔录 record of request   看守所 detention house   抗诉书 protest   控告人 accuser; complainant   跨国诉讼 transnational litigation   劳动争议 labor disputes   劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee for labor disputes   劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm   利害关系人 interested party; party in interest   律管处处长 director of lawyer control department   律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law   律师惩戒 lawyer discipline   律师法 Lawyer Law   律师费 lawyer fee   律师函 lawyer"s letter   律师见证 lawyer attestation/authentication   律师见证书 lawyer certification/authentication/witness   律师卷宗 lawyer"s docile; file   律师刊物 lawyer"s journal   律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer   律师事务所 law office; law firm   律师收费 billing by lawyer   律师网站 lawyer website   律师协会 National Bar Association   律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association   律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar Association   律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition   律师业务室 lawyer"s office   律师执业证 lawyer license   律师助理 assistant lawyer   律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam   律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate   民事案件 civil case   民事调解 civil mediation   民事诉讼 civil litigation   派出所 local police station; police substation   判决 judgement;   determination;   sentence;   verdict   旁证 circumstantial evidence   企业章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw   企业重组 corporate restructure   起诉状 information; indictment   取消律师资格 disbar   全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress   缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default   人民法院 People"s Court   人民检察院 People"s Procuratorate   认定事实 determine facts   上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case   上诉人 appellant   上诉状 petition for appeal   涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters   申请复议 administrative reconsideration petition   申请加入律师协会 application for admission to Law Association   申请人 petitioner; claimant   申诉案件 appeal case   申诉人(仲裁) claimant; plaintiff   申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision   实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period   实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer   视听证据 audio-visual reference material   适用法律 apply law to facts   受害人 victim   书证 documentary evidence   司法部 Ministry of Justice   司法建议书 judicial advise   司法局 Judicial Bureau   司法局副局长 deputy director of Judicial Bureau   司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau   司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam   送达 service of process   诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit   诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party   诉讼业务 litigation practice   诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim   推销法律服务 promote/market legal service   外国律师事务所 foreign law office   委托代理合同 authorized representation contract   委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent   委托授权书 power of attorney   物证 material evidence   嫌疑人 criminal suspect   项目融资 project financing   项目谈判 project negotiating   刑事案件 criminal case   刑事诉讼 criminal litigation   行政诉讼 administrative litigation   休庭 adjourn the court; recess   宣判 pronounce judgement; determination   宣誓书 affidavit   业务进修 attendance in advanced studies   一审案件 case of trial of first instance   与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms   原告 plaintiff   证券律师 securities lawyer   证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit   执行笔录 execution record   执业登记 registration for practice   执业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area   执业申请 practice application   执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license   仲裁 arbitration   仲裁案件 arbitration case   仲裁机构 arbitration agency   专门律师 specialized lawyer   专职律师 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer   撰写法律文章 write legal thesis   资信调查 credit standing investigation   自诉案件 private prosecuting case   二、 诉讼法律   案件 case   案件发回 remand/rimit a case   案件名称 title of a case   案卷材料 materials in the case   案情陈述书 statement of case   案外人 person other than involved in the case   案值 total value involved in the case   败诉方 losing party   办案人员 personnel handling a case   保全措施申请书 application for protective measures   报案 report a case   被告 defendant; the accused   被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused   被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder   被害人 victim   被害人的诉讼代理人 victim"s agent ad litem   被上诉人 respondent; the appellee   被申请人 respondent   被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed   被执行人 person subject to enforcement   本诉 principal action   必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation   变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord   辩护 defense   辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer   辩护人 defender   辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence   辩论阶段 stage of court debate   驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim   驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion   驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling   驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit   驳回通知书 notice of dismissal   驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution   驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case   补充答辩 supplementary answer   补充判决 supplementary judgement   补充侦查 supplementary investigation   不公开审理 trial in camera   不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing   不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest   不起诉 nol pros   不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court   财产保全申请书 application for attachment; application for property preservation   裁定 order; determination   裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order   裁定书 order; ruling   裁决书 award   采信的证据 admitted evidence   查封 seal up   撤回上诉 withdraw appeal   撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit   撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file   撤销原判,发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial   出示的证据 exhibit   除权判决 invalidating judgement   传唤 summon; call   传闻证据 hearsay   答辩 answer; reply   答辩陈述书 statement of defence   答辩状 answer; reply   大法官 associate justices; justice   大检察官 deputy chief procurator   代理控告 agency for accusation   代理申诉 agency for appeal   代理审判员 acting judge   代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving   弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure   当事人陈述 statement of the parties   当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court   地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction   地区检察分院 inter-mediate People"s Procuratorate   第三人 third party   调查笔录 record of investigation   定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date   定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence   冻结 freeze   督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge   独任庭 sole-judge bench   独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator   对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action   对席判决 judgement inter parties   二审 trial of second instance   二审案件 case of trial of second insurance   罚款 impose a fine   法定证据 statutory legal evidence   法定证据制度 system of legal evidence   法官 judges   法警 bailiff; court police   法律文书 legal instruments/papers   法律援助 legal aid   法律咨询 legal consulting   法庭辩论 court debate   法庭调查 court investigation   法庭审理笔录 court record   法庭审理方式 mode of court trial   法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal   法院 court   法院公告 court announcement   反诉 counterclaim   反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim   反诉状 counterclaim   犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect   附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action   附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action   复查 reexamination; recheck   复验 reinspect   高级法官 senior judge   高级检察官 senior procurator   高级人民法院 Higher People"s Court   告诉案件 case of complaint   告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint   告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division   工读学校 work-study school for delinquent chi
2023-01-02 11:55:461

翻译一大段话 (中译英)

A qualified lawyer to have a certain language and writing skills. Language is a communication tool. As a lawyer, need to express fluent, fluent expression, to clarify ideas, things to say it. To be eloquent silence is gold and silver that combination. Eloquence and thought a lawyer in the handling of cases when the parties of their own psychological and the other lawyers have breathtaking impact of the earthquake. Of course, this effect is also used in court because the judges have great respect for this individual lawyers. Lawyers say they know these things are meaningful, and a profound knowledge of the law as the basis. The judges know that these lawyers will not waste court time to speak, they get the maximum from these lawyers help. Bar work is a social work, and thus more to do with dealing with people. The expression of ideas by word needs to achieve, imagine a statement incoherent and ambiguous lawyers and judges can be recognized by the parties. Expressive power of the written language is a lawyer the most important component of external work. Lawyer should have a certain literary training, drafting of legal instruments has its own unique rules, lawyers write legal documents must feel is really out of the hands of professionals. Lawyers should have their writing skills, and oral language skills are equally important. The language of lawyers to Able to clearly express their ideas, and to continue to develop the use of colorful expressions, expressions must be unique. Excellent oral skills as a lawyer"s passport to success.
2023-01-02 11:55:554

美国凯威莱德律师事务所的主要荣誉与排名

《钱伯斯》(Chambers):凯威莱德在超过20个业务领域获奖,并有48位律师因出色的业务能力和丰富的经验而入选2012年版《钱伯斯美国》“美国顶尖商业律师”。凯威莱德在众多领域赢得了广泛的认可,包括:银行及金融业、破产/重组、资本市场(衍生品/证券化/结构型产品)、公司/并购、能源;电力监管(诉讼/非诉)、能源;石油及天然气(监管/诉讼);金融服务监管、房地产及税务。在《钱伯斯全球》2011年版中,凯威莱德的顶级全球业务包括资本市场:结构性融资及衍生产品(全球)、资本市场中的证券化(全球)、国际私人客户(全球)、重组/破产(英国)、破产(美国)、资本市场中的衍生产品(美国)、资本市场中的结构性产品(美国)、资本市场中的证券化(美国)、公司/并购(美国)、税务:公司/金融(美国)。在个人方面,22位凯威莱德律师分别在各自领域被认可为“杰出律师”,其中8位在其所在领域位列一级律师,及钱伯斯一级排名。凯威莱德的伦敦合伙人被2011年版《钱伯斯英国》列为资本市场、重组与税务业务领域的先驱。《国际金融法律评论》(IFLR): 凯威莱德获得IFLR年度证券化和结构性融资年度团队奖。因BNP与Janus之间的交易而获得年度证券化及结构性融资交易奖。并且因Angiotech Pharmaceuticaland 而获得年度重组交易奖,因加勒比石油公司的交易而获得年度重组交易奖。在2011年版《国际金融法律评论1000》排名中,凯威莱德在下列领域中被评为顶级律所:银行贷款、资本市场——衍生产品、资本市场——结构性融资和证券化、金融服务监管、兼并与收购、破产与重组。凯威莱德的律师经常被IFLR世界顶尖律师指南认可,包括下列领域:飞机制造、银行业、资本市场、公司治理、破产与重组、保险与再保险、并购、房地产、结构性融资与证券化、税务。《国际金融法律评论欧洲》提名凯威莱德为2011年度重组奖,以认可该所在LyondellBasell第十一章中作为债务人律师的出色表现。《IFLR 美国》评选凯威莱德为2010年年度重组大奖鉴于其作为美国财政部在CIT集团重组中担任领衔顾问的出色表现。《法律500强》(Legal 500):凯威莱德有超过15项业务和47位律师因其出色的法律技能与经验而在2012年《美国法律500强指南》中脱颖而出。该所受到高度认可的领域包括:结构性融资(获得了该领域顶级排名)、资产融资与租赁、银行贷款、公司重组、金融服务、专利诉讼、担保品/对冲基金、证券股东诉讼、反垄断(并购);兼并与收购大型交易、房地产、国内税务、及金融产品税务。在2011年英国版《法律500强》中,凯威莱德伦敦办公室被评为在公司重构/破产,衍生产品及结构产品、证券化等领域的顶尖律所。国际法律联盟(International Legal Alliance Summit & Awards):凯威莱德获得该机构颁发的2011年度美国最佳律所银奖。《兼并收购顾问》(M&A Advisor):《兼并收购顾问》授予凯威莱德2011年度工业产品和基础原材料交易奖,以表彰律所在LyondellBasell第十一章程序中担任债务人律师。《兼并收购顾问》授予凯威莱德年度大型交易奖,以肯定凯威莱德作为美国财政部和总统任务执行人在克莱斯勒重组案中的表现。《兼并收购顾问》评选凯威莱德为2010年年度律所,以认可凯威莱德在这一年中参与的多起广受关注的案件和交易,包括涉及克莱斯勒、通用和Lyondell化工公司等。此外为表彰凯威莱德在通用重组案中的表现,凯威莱德还获得了该年的年度并购第十一章重组大奖和年度制造/发行大奖。《金融时报》(Financial Times):凯威莱德名列《金融时报》美国创新型律师2011年报告“最具创造性的25位律所”之一。该所亦因其在微软公司的反垄断案中的出色表现而被列为科技、媒体和电信行业顶级律所,并因其发展了商业抵押担保证券市场的新交易结构而受到高度评价。凯威莱德名列《金融时报》美国创新型律师报告三家“杰出”律所之一,鉴于凯威莱德于2010年为美国财政部在通用汽车和克莱斯勒历史性重构案中提供咨询服务时以及其在LyondellBasell第十一章程序中的工作中表现出色。凯威莱德获得了2012全球竞争评论奖颁发的年度兼并管理事务奖以表彰其在为微软85亿美元并购Skype的交易中所提供的咨询服务。2010年全球并购Network Turnaround Atlas Awards提名凯威莱德为Winner"s Circle,以表彰该所在众多交易中的贡献,这些交易包括通用汽车重组,该交易获第11章程序年度重组大奖(交易金额50亿美元以上),及克莱斯勒的重组与出售给菲亚特的交易,该交易摘得年度并购交易奖(交易5亿美元以上),以及LandSource CommunitiesDevelopment LLC交易,该交易提名第11章年度重组奖(交易金额10亿美元以上),以及德尔福公司年度交易奖(交易金额50亿美元以上)。《美国最佳律所》(Best Law Firm in US):凯威莱德在衍生产品与期货法律方面的年度律所。凯威莱德亦在如下领域获得国家一级排名:破产、债权与债务人权利/破产与重组法律,公司法、刑事辩护、白领刑事诉讼、衍生品与期货法、设备融资法、反垄断诉讼、破产诉讼、房地产诉讼、证券诉讼、专利法、房地产法、证券法和结构金融法、及税法。该所在夏洛特衍生品与期货法及证券化与金融法方面获得大都会一级排名;在纽约的破产与债权债务人权利/破产与重组法、公司法、衍生产品与期货法、员工福利法、设备融资法、医疗保健法、诉讼、反垄断诉讼、破产诉讼、房地产诉讼、证券诉讼、专利法、房地产法、证券法和结构金融法、及税法;以及在华盛顿的破产与债权债务人权利/破产与重组法、衍生产品与期货法、破产诉讼。《美国最佳律师》(Best Lawyer in US):在2012年版的《美国最佳律师》中,45位凯威莱德律师在30项业务领域中被广泛认为是专家。美国新闻媒体组和《美国最佳律师》认可凯威莱德律师为下列领域的优秀律师:管理合规法、反垄断、银行业及债权债务人权利、对赌型公司诉讼、商业诉讼、公司、公司合规、公司治理、刑事辩护(破产、债权与债务人权利/破产与重组法律,公司法、刑事辩护、白领刑事诉讼、衍生品与期货、员工福利、设备融资、医疗保健、杠杆收购诉讼与私募股权、反垄断诉讼、破产诉讼、房地产知识产权诉讼、并购诉讼、房地产诉讼、证券诉讼、并购、专利法、房地产法、证券与资本市场、证券监管、证券与结构金融法、税务及信托与财产)。《超级律师》(Super Lawyers):凯威莱德律师事务所8位合伙人入选超级律师2011年华盛顿特区版。华盛顿特区版挑选下列领域的律师:反垄断诉讼,破产及债权/债务人权利,商业诉讼,公司治理与合规,刑事辩护:白领犯罪、能源&自然资源,知识产权,及证券诉讼。凯威莱德纽约办公室35位律师在20个不同的业务领域入选该刊纽约版,涵盖的领域包括:反垄断诉讼、银行业、破产及债权/债务人权利、企业/公司、债券/政府金融、商业诉讼、公司治理及合规、刑事辩护:白领犯罪、员工福利/ERISA、财产规划及认证、一般诉讼、医疗保健、知识产权诉讼、兼并收购、公益、房地产、证券及公司财务、证券诉讼及税务。
2023-01-02 11:56:081

lawyers and businesspeople have to have abasic understanding of legal systems other than

lawyers and businesspeople have to have abasic understanding of legal systems other than their own(1).The consequence of failing to DO(3) so cannot be more forcefully stated than by quoting from a recent opinion of Philippine Supreme Court Justice Cruz(2):1. their own指这个些自己所处的法律体系,后面省略了legal systems2. Cruz是一个人的姓,Supreme Court Justice,高级法院大法官3. 这里应该漏了一个docannot be more forcefully stated = is mostly forcefully stated翻译:律师和商人必须对其自身所处的法律体系以外的法律体系(译者注:即别国的法律体系)有一个基本的了解。未能做到这一点的后果,引用菲律宾高级法院大法官Cruz最近的一个观点来说明是再有力不过的了。
2023-01-02 11:56:171

风险代理 法律用 怎么翻译

如果是律师风险代理,可译为Lawyers" Risk Deputizing
2023-01-02 11:56:272

公益律师英语怎么说如题最好还有相关这个职业的名词

Public lawyer英[]ˈpʌblik ˈlɔ:jə美[]ˈpʌblɪk ˈlɔjɚ词典释义public interest lawyerPublic Interest Lawyers
2023-01-02 11:56:352

中华全国律师协会会徽的介绍

中华全国律师协会(All China Lawyers Association,ACLA)会徽简称中国律师徽。会徽的外形与内形为一大一小两个同心圆,象征律师协会的凝聚力与向心力;整个画面设计为众多个体的组合共同托起五颗灿烂的五角星,喻意着由广大律师组成的律师协会,沿着有中国特色律师制度的道路,在党和政府的领导和支持下,开拓进取,不断壮大。中国律师徽与人民法院法院法徽、人民检察院检徽、司法行政机关司法行政徽章和公安机关警徽,共同构成了共和国政法徽章靓丽的风景线,象征了共和国法律职业的荣耀。
2023-01-02 11:56:431

求法律英文高手 帮我翻译 帮我把下面这短文翻译成英文 谢谢

最好出点钱找翻译公司帮你。
2023-01-02 11:56:527

上海松江最好的律师事务所有哪几家?

上海志君律师事务所电话21-57725598地址上海市松江区乐都路358号云间大厦5楼申松律师事务所电话021-57822830地址上海市松江区松江镇人民北路185号上海市同一律师事务所电话021-5774036357740365地址上海市松江区荣乐东路81号501-503室(碧海大厦)
2023-01-02 11:57:162

急需帮忙!法律英语论文的Title

O. J. Simpson murder case辛普森杀妻案The O. J. Simpson murder case has been described as the most publicized criminal trial in history,[1] in which O. J. Simpson, former American football star and actor, was brought to trial for the murder of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman. Simpson was acquitted in 1995 after a lengthy trial, the longest jury trial in California history.[2]Simpson hired a high-profile defense team led by Johnnie Cochran and F. Lee Bailey. Los Angeles County believed it had a solid prosecution case, but Cochran created in the minds of the jury the belief that there was reasonable doubt about the DNA evidence (then a relatively new type of evidence in trials),[3] including that the blood-sample evidence had allegedly been mishandled by lab scientists and technicians.[4] Cochran and the defense team also alleged other misconduct by the Los Angeles Police Department. The televising of the lengthy trial riveted national attention on the dramatic case. By the end of the criminal trial, national surveys showed dramatic differences between most blacks and most whites in terms of their assessment of Simpson"s guilt.[5]Later, both the Brown and Goldman families sued Simpson for damages in a civil trial, which has a lower standard of proof for determining responsibility.[citation needed] On February 5, 1997, the jury unanimously found there was a preponderance of evidence to find Simpson liable for damages in the wrongful death of Goldman and battery of Brown. In its conclusions, the jury effectively found Simpson liable for the death of his ex-wife and Ron Goldman.[6] On February 21, 2008, a Los Angeles court upheld a renewal of the civil judgment against him.这个案子很经典,上面的一段是wiki上的英文案例,你可以找一些关于这个的中文资料,然后选择一个角度(比如种族歧视与陪审团制度的矛盾、毒树之果原则、媒体和舆论与司法公正的矛盾等等),或者一篇参考的中文文章(很多中国的法律人也会研究这个案子,发表一些观点),自己写或者翻译一篇英文论文出来就是了。下面引用一段英文资料,有个人在www.lawyers.com提问,为什么法院在刑事诉讼中判决辛普森无罪,但是在民事诉讼中又判决他赔偿自己妻子死亡赔偿金。 Jeralyn Merritt对这个问题进行了简略的回答。我想你大一的论文,字数要求不会太多,所以参考一下他这段答复吧。如果字数不够就把上面wiki的资料加一些进去,简单的交待一下案情。Q. I am a high school government student, and I have a question that has been bothering me that my teacher refuses to answer. In the O.J. Simpson case I know that the state jury did not find him guilty on the charge of murder, but the federal court did on the charge of wrongful death. What is the difference and why were they able to do that? -- Geni A. O.J. Simpson was charged with first degree murder in the state court in California. The jury found him "Not Guilty." A "not guilty" verdict means the state failed to prove the charges "beyond a reasonable doubt", which is the standard of proof in all criminal prosecutions. Criminal cases are brought on behalf of the citizens of a particular state or federal district, not by the victims or their families.After O.J. Simpson was found not guilty in the criminal case, the families of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman sued him in the state (not federal) court in California for wrongfully causing their deaths. Civil lawsuits for wrongful death are tried for money damages, not to put the defendant in prison. Civil cases are brought in the name of individuals, not in the name of the State.Different evidence was introduced in the O.J. Simpson civil and criminal trials. For example, although O.J. Simpson denied it, evidence was presented in the civil trial that O.J. Simpson owned a pair of Bruno Magli shoes that matched shoeprints left at the murder scene.O.J. Simpson exercised his constitutional right against self-incrimination and chose not to testify in the criminal trial. All defendants in criminal cases have this right. In the civil trial, O.J. no longer had such a right because he had been found not guilty of murder and could not be tried again for it. He had to testify when the opposing side called him as a witness. Thus, the jury in the civil case got to hear O.J"s testimony while the criminal jury did not.In the criminal case, the jury got to see that the glove left at the scene of the crime did not fit O.J. Simpson. This experiment was not repeated for the civil jury. The jury in the criminal trial got a far stronger portrayal of the problems with the DNA and other scientific evidence in the case, and the poor management of the crime scene, than did the civil jury. And the criminal jury got to hear the false testimony of Los Angeles police officer Mark Furman, who later admitted lying and pleaded guilty to perjury.Finally, the burden of proof in criminal and civil cases is different. In criminal cases, the standard is "proof beyond a reasonable doubt." There is also a presumption of innocence that stays with the defendant until and unless the jury returns a guilty verdict. In civil cases, the standard of proof is "by a preponderance of the evidence," which essentially means "more likely than not," or put another way, proof by 51% or more.The jury"s verdict in the civil case was not that O.J. Simpson was guilty of murder, but that he was liable for (which essentially means responsible for causing) the deaths of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman.In light of the different evidence presented, burdens of proof and ultimate issues the juries were called upon to decide, the verdicts in the criminal and civil trials were not really all that inconsistent. -- Jeralyn Merritt
2023-01-02 11:57:241

中国律师徽章怎么获得

中国律师徽章获得只需要参加每年的司法考试考取律师证即可。根据查询相关信息得知,中华全国律师协会(AllChinaLawyersAssociation,ACLA)会徽简称中国律师徽,徽章通过司法考试、获得。
2023-01-02 11:57:291

如何找国外律师?

方法一:通过其他律师推荐通常国内外律师有一定合作,通过国内律师事务所代为联系国外律师事务所,或者请求国内律师推荐,是一个多快好省的做法。而且国内律师事务所对于合作所有相当程度的了解,因此能够对于其费率、专业水平、合作情况有比较明确的了解。方法二:通过一些专业评级网站查询一些境外的专业评级网站,例如钱伯斯chambers、whoswholegal,此类评级机构按照司法区和专业来进行分类,较为容易查询。但是缺点在于,一般上榜的多为知名律所和律师。如果预算有限,希望聘请不知名律师或者律所,往往选择较为有限。方法三:利用律师黄页网站或者搜索引擎来查询也可以通过一些律师黄页网站例如lawyers.com或者搜索引擎例如Google来查询当地律师,但是这种查询方法较难判断律师的专业性。方法四:通过外国律所驻华代表处联系部分外国律所在华设立了代表处,可以通过有关代表处联系。
2023-01-02 11:57:351

lawyer什么意思

律师。下次可以直接在百度搜索。
2023-01-02 11:57:444

lawyer怎么读音发音

lawyer英式发音:[ˈlɔɪə(r)],美式发音:[ˈlɔɪər],lawyer的名词意思为律师。lawyer例句:1、If there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers.倘若世上没有坏人,也就不会有好的律师。2、And you should tell people that you are a good lawyer, which he is.你应该告诉大家你是个好律师。3、A lawyer renowned for his scorched earth policy in matrimonial cases.一名以采用极端策略审理婚姻案件著称的律师。3、If there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers.没有坏人的存在,就不存在有好律师。4、His nationality isn"t relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.他的国籍跟他是不是一个好律师不相关。
2023-01-02 11:57:591

lawyer.是元音因素吗

lawyer 英[ˈlɔ:jə(r)] 美[ˈlɔjɚ] n. 律师,法学家; [网络] 法律人; 法律家; 美国律师; [例句]A young lawyer full of illusions and love of humanity满脑子幻想并且博爱的年轻律师
2023-01-02 11:58:212

lawyer?意思

你好!lawyer的意思是律师。
2023-01-02 11:58:312

律师行业常用英语词汇

律师行业常用英语词汇   导语:律师是指通过国家司法考试并依法取得律师执业证书,接受委托或者指定,为当事人提供法律服务的执业人员。下面是我收集整理的"律师行业常用英语词汇,欢迎参考!   案件受理费 court acceptance fee   案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case   案由 cause of action   案子 case   包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits   被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)   被上诉人 appellee   被诉人 respondent; defendant   本案律师 councel pro hac vice   本地律师 local counsel   毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate   辩护词 defense; pleadings   辩护律师 defense lawyer   辩护要点 point of defense   辩护意见 submission   财产租赁 property tenancy   裁定书 order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定)   裁决书 award(用于仲裁)   裁决书 verdict(用于陪审团)   采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence   草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests   查阅法条 source legal provisions   产权转让 conveyancing   出差 go on errand; go on a business trip   出国深造 further study abroad   出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion   出示的证据 exhibit   出庭 appear in court   传票 summons; subpoena   答辩状 answer; reply   代理词 representation   代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate   代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations   代理仲裁 agency for arbitration   代写文书 drafting of legal instruments   待决案件 pending case   当事人陈述 statement of the parties   第三人 third party   吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license   调查笔录 investigative record   调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence   调解 mediation   调解书 mediation   二审案件 case of trial of second instance   发送电子邮件 send e-mail   法律顾问 legal consultants   法律意见书 legal opinions   法律援助 legal aid   法律咨询 legal counseling   法庭 division; tribunal   法学博士学位 LL.D (Doctor of Laws)   法学会 law society   法学课程 legal courses   法学硕士学位 LL.M (Master of Laws)   法学系 faculty of law; department of law   法学学士学位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)   J.D ( juris doctor缩写,美国法学学士)   法学院 law school   法院公告 court announcement   反诉状 counterclaim   房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer   非合伙律师 associate lawyer   非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice   高级合伙人 senior partner   高级律师 senior lawyer   各类协议和合同 agreements and contracts   公安局 Public Security Bureau   公司上市 company listing   公诉案件 public-prosecuting case   公证书 notarial certificate   国办律师事务所 state-run law office   国际贸易 international trade   国际诉讼 international litigation   国内诉讼 domestic litigation   合伙律师 partner lawyer   合伙制律师事务所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice   合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision   会见当事人 interview a client   会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect   兼职律师 part-time lawyer   监狱 prison; jail   鉴定结论 expert conclusion   缴纳会费 membership dues   举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi   决定书 decision   勘验笔录 record of request   看守所 detention house   抗诉书 protest   控告人 accuser; complainant   跨国诉讼 transnational litigation   劳动争议 labor disputes   劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee for labor disputes   劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm   利害关系人 interested party; party in interest   律管处处长 director of lawyer control department   律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law   律师惩戒 lawyer discipline   律师法 Lawyer Law   律师费 lawyer fee   律师函 lawyer"s letter   律师见证 lawyer attestation/authentication   律师见证书 lawyer certification/authentication/witness   律师卷宗 lawyer"s docile; file   律师刊物 lawyer"s journal   律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer   律师事务所 law office; law firm   律师收费 billing by lawyer   律师网站 lawyer website   www.ryedu.net 本站律师:寇建华   律师协会 National Bar (Lawyer) Association   律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association   律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association   律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition   律师业务室 lawyer"s office   律师执业证 lawyer license   律师助理 assistant lawyer   律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam   律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate   民事案件 civil case   民事调解 civil mediation   民事诉讼 civil litigation   派出所 local police station; police substation   判决 judgement(用于民事、行政案件);   determination(用于终审);   sentence(用于刑事案);   verdict(由陪审团作出)   旁证 circumstantial evidence   企业章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw   企业重组 corporate restructure   起诉状 information; indictment   取消律师资格 disbar   全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress   缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default   人民法院 People"s Court   人民检察院 People"s Procuratorate   认定事实 determine facts   上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case   上诉人 appellant   上诉状 petition for appeal   涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters   申请复议 administrative reconsideration petition   申请加入律师协会 application for admission to Law Association   申请人 petitioner; claimant   申诉案件 appeal case   申诉人(仲裁) claimant; plaintiff   申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision   实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period   实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer   视听证据 audio-visual reference material   适用法律 apply law to facts   受害人 victim   书证 documentary evidence   司法部 Ministry of Justice   司法建议书 judicial advise   司法局 Judicial Bureau   司法局副局长 deputy director of Judicial Bureau   司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau   司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam   送达 service of process   诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit   诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party   诉讼业务 litigation practice   诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim   推销法律服务 promote/market legal service   外国律师事务所 foreign law office   委托代理合同 authorized representation contract   委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent   委托授权书 power of attorney   物证 material evidence   嫌疑人 criminal suspect   项目融资 project financing   项目谈判 project negotiating   刑事案件 criminal case   刑事诉讼 criminal litigation   行政诉讼 administrative litigation   休庭 adjourn the court; recess   宣判 pronounce judgement; determination   宣誓书 affidavit   业务进修 attendance in advanced studies   一审案件 case of trial of first instance   与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms   原告 plaintiff   证券律师 securities lawyer   证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit   执行笔录 execution record   执业登记 registration for practice   执业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area   执业申请 practice application   执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license   仲裁 arbitration   仲裁案件 arbitration case   仲裁机构 arbitration agency   专门律师 specialized lawyer   专职律师 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer   撰写法律文章 write legal thesis   资信调查 credit standing investigation   自诉案件 private prosecuting case ;
2023-01-02 11:58:421

用来表示职业的英文单词有哪些?比如老师,外科医生,律师等

那有很多啊。例如:doctor 医生engineer 工程师minister 牧师clerk 文员secretary 秘书professor 教授actor 演员editor 编缉reporter 记者nurse 护士air hotess 空姐pilot 飞机师salesman 售货员program director 节目编排人veterinary surgeon, vet 兽医merchant 商人librarian 图书管理员writer 作家artist 艺术家musician 音乐家dentist 牙医driver 司机reception 接待员waiter 服务员tourist guide 导游accountant: 会计actor: 男演员actress: 女演员airline representative: 地勤人员anchor: 新闻主播announcer: 广播员architect: 建筑师artist: 艺术家associate professor: 副教授astronaut: 宇航员.attendant: 服务员auditor: 审计员auto mechanic : 汽车技工baker: 烘培师barber: 理发师 (男)baseball player: 棒球选手bell boy: 门童bellhop: 旅馆的行李员binman: 清洁工,垃圾工blacksmith: 铁匠boxer: 拳击手broker (agent) : 经纪人budgeteer: 预算编制者bus driver: 公车(巴士)司机butcher: 屠夫,肉商buyer: 采购员carpenter:木匠cartoonist: 漫画家cashier: 出纳员chef: 厨师chemist : 化学师clerk : 店员clown :小丑cobbler: 制(补)鞋匠computer programmer : 程序员construction worker : 建筑工人cook: 厨师cowboy :牛仔customs officer :海关官员dancer : 舞者dentist: 牙科医生designer: 设计师desk clerk: 接待员detective 侦探doctor: 医生door-to-door salesman: 推销员driver: 司机dustman: 清洁工editor : 编辑electrician :电工engineer:工程师farmer: 农夫fashion designer: 时装设计师fireman (firefighter): 消防员fisherman: 渔夫florist: 花商flyer: 飞行员Foreign minister : 外交部长gardener花匠(园丁)gas station attendant : 加油工geologist : 地质学家guard :警卫guide: 导游hiredresseer: 理发师,美容师(女)housekeeper : 管家housewife : 家庭主妇interpreter :口译员janitor : 清洁工journalist: 记者judge 法官lawyer :律师librarian: 图书管理员.life guard :救生员magician :魔术师masseur : 男按摩师masseuse : 女按摩师mathematician : 数学家mechanic: 机械师 ,机修工miner: 矿工model: 模特儿monk : 和尚,教士movie director: 导演movie star : 电影明星musician : 音乐家nun : 尼姑nurse: 护士office clerk : 职员office staff 上班族operator: 接线员parachutist: 跳伞人.personnel 职员pharmacist药剂师photographer:摄影师pilot: 飞行员planner: 计划员policeman: 警察postal clerk: 邮政人员postman :邮差President: 总统priest: 牧师processfor: 教授real estate agent: 房地产经纪人receptionist :接待员repairman :修理工人reporter : 记者sailor: 船员,水手salesman/ selespeople/ salesperson: 售货员scientist: 科学家seamstress 女装裁缝师secretary: 秘书singer: 歌手soldiery: 士兵,军人statistician : 统计员surveyor: 测量技师tailor: 裁缝师taxi driver计程车司机teacher: 教师technician : 技术人员tour guide: 导游traffic warden: 交通管理员.translator: 翻译(笔译)TV producer: 电视制作人typist: 打字员vet: 兽医veterinarian兽医waiter: 侍者(服务生)waitress: 女侍者(服务生)welder : 焊接工writer: 作家回答者:duyiran - 高级魔法师 七级 3-18 12:38bellhop: 旅馆的行李员binman: 清洁工,垃圾工blacksmith: 铁匠boxer: 拳击手broker (agent) : 经纪人budgeteer: 预算编制者bus driver: 公车(巴士)司机butcher: 屠夫,肉商buyer: 采购员carpenter:木匠cartoonist: 漫画家cashier: 出纳员chef: 厨师chemist : 化学师clerk : 店员clown :小丑cobbler: 制(补)鞋匠computer programmer : 程序员construction worker : 建筑工人cook: 厨师cowboy :牛仔customs officer :海关官员dancer : 舞者dentist: 牙科医生designer: 设计师desk clerk: 接待员detective 侦探doctor: 医生door-to-door salesman: 推销员driver: 司机dustman: 清洁工editor : 编辑electrician :电工engineer:工程师farmer: 农夫fashion designer: 时装设计师fireman (firefighter): 消防员fisherman: 渔夫florist: 花商flyer: 飞行员Foreign minister : 外交部长gardener花匠(园丁)gas station attendant : 加油工geologist : 地质学家guard :警卫guide: 导游hiredresseer: 理发师,美容师(女)housekeeper : 管家housewife : 家庭主妇interpreter :口译员janitor : 清洁工journalist: 记者judge 法官lawyer :律师librarian: 图书管理员.life guard :救生员magician :魔术师masseur : 男按摩师masseuse : 女按摩师mathematician : 数学家mechanic: 机械师 ,机修工miner: 矿工model: 模特儿monk : 和尚,教士movie director: 导演movie star : 电影明星musician : 音乐家nun : 尼姑nurse: 护士office clerk : 职员office staff 上班族operator: 接线员parachutist: 跳伞人.personnel 职员pharmacist药剂师photographer:摄影师pilot: 飞行员planner: 计划员policeman: 警察postal clerk: 邮政人员postman :邮差President: 总统priest: 牧师processfor: 教授real estate agent: 房地产经纪人receptionist :接待员repairman :修理工人reporter : 记者sailor: 船员,水手salesman/ selespeople/ salesperson: 售货员scientist: 科学家seamstress 女装裁缝师secretary: 秘书singer: 歌手soldiery: 士兵,军人statistician : 统计员surveyor: 测量技师tailor: 裁缝师taxi driver计程车司机teacher: 教师technician : 技术人员tour guide: 导游traffic warden: 交通管理员.translator: 翻译(笔译)TV producer: 电视制作人typist: 打字员vet: 兽医veterinarian兽医waiter: 侍者(服务生)waitress: 女侍者(服务生)welder : 焊接工writer: 作家WORKER 工人 LABOURER 劳动者PHYSICAL LABOURER体力劳动者MENTAL WORKER 脑力劳动者SKILLED WORKER 熟练工人UNSKILLED WORKER 非熟练工人STEEL WORKER 钢铁工人TEXTILE WORKER 纺织工人MINER 矿工MECHANIC 机工,技工DRIVER 汽车司机ENGINE DRIVER 火车司机ELECTRICIAN 电工,电气技师SAILOR 水手GARDENER 园丁,花匠,菜农FORGER 锻工TURNER 车工,镟工FITTER 装配钳工CASTER 铸工FOUNDRY WORKER 铸造工人,翻砂工人PAINTER 油漆工PLUMBER 管子工BRICKLAYER 砌砖工CARPENTER 木匠,木工(尢指粗木工)JOINER 细木工SANITATION WORKER 环卫工人,清洁工SWITCHMAN 扳道工CHEF 主厨COOK 厨师SALESMAN 男售货员,男推销员SALESWOMAN 女售货员,女推销员COPPERSMITH 铜匠,铜器制造人BLACKSMITH 铁匠,锻工MILLER 铣工PLANER 刨工WELDER 焊工PRINTER 印刷工人SHIP-BUILDER 造船工人PORTER 搬运行李工人DOCKER 码头工人,船坞工人STEVEDORE 码头工人,装卸工LONGSHOREMAN 码头搬运工人DRILLER 钻控工,打眼工BUILDER 建筑工人MESON 石匠TAILOR 裁缝,缝工,成衣工SPINNER 纺纱工DYER染工TEMPORARY WORKER 临时工PROBATIONER 试用人员,练习生ENGINEER 工程师,技师DESIGNER 设计师DOCTOR 医生,医帅,大夫PILOT 驾驶员,飞行员,领航员,STEWARDESS 空中小姐CAPTAIN 船长,机长PROFESSOR 教授LECTURER 讲师TEACHER 教师PRESIDENT 大学校长,大学院长,总统,董事长HEADMASTER 中小学的男校长HEADMISTRESS 中小学的女校长ARTIST 艺术家,美术家PAINTER 画家MUSICIAN 音乐家VIOLINIST 小提琴手PIANIST 钢琴家SINGER 歌唱家SONGSTER 歌手DECORATOR 室内装饰师SPORTSMAN 运动家,运动员COACH 教练REFEREE 足球等的裁判员SCOREKEEPER 记分员LAWYER 律师BUSINESSMAN 实业家,商人TRADESMAN 零售商人,小商人PEDLAR 小贩,商贩FARMER 农民WEATHERMAN 气象员VETERIANARIAN 兽医BEE-KEEPER / APIARISE 养蜂人,养蜂家FISHERMAN 渔民,捕鱼人pocitian政客 adventurist冒险者
2023-01-02 11:58:546

谁能帮我写一篇my dream,关于律师的

My dream My dream is to become a lawyer. I think this is one you can make money in a good job, I can become rich. When I was rich I do many things, for example, I will buy my parents a big house with a garden, I will and my parents traveled around the world. In particular, I want to do something to help people in difficulty, and donate some money to charitable organizations. In addition, lawyers are a rich sense of justice career! To do a professional lawyer, it means that the rule of law in a long journey with the days of fighting, and ground fighting, with people fighting, fighting with the French, and were fighting, and fighting benefits. Specific:1, lawyers have a noble quality.2, lawyers have a profound knowledge.3, lawyers have a firm faith.4, lawyers have a positive frame of mind.5, lawyers have a wide range of contacts.6, lawyers have a strong physique.7, counsel must be diligent communication, good observation.8, lawyers should learn to dress and learn to dress up.9, a lawyer with a smile.These are my dream! I know want a lawyer, must have certain conditions: first, should be at least bachelor"s degree, participate in the national judicial exam, passed, received the certificate, and take regular practice law firm, after the enactment of a lawyer! So, I will try to work (learning) to achieve my dream.汉意:我的梦想是成为一名律师。我认为这是一个可以挣到钱的好工作,我可以变得富有。当我富有了我要做许多事情,例如,我将为我的父母买一个带花园的大房子,我将和我的父母一起周游全世界。我特别想做的一件事是帮助有困难的人们并且捐一些钱到慈善机构。除此之外,律师是个富有正义感的职业!做一名职业律师,就意味着要在漫长的法治征途中与天斗、与地斗、与人斗,与法斗、与名斗、与利斗。具体:1、律师要有高尚的品质。2、律师要有渊博的知识。3、律师要有坚定的信念。4、律师要有积极的心态。5、律师要有广泛的人脉。6、律师要有强健的体魄。7、律师要勤于沟通、善于观察。8、律师要学会穿衣、学会打扮。9、律师要面带微笑。这些就是我的梦想!我知道要想做律师,必须具备一定的条件:首先应该是至少本科学历,参加全国的司法考试,通过后,拿到证书,并且取正规的律师事务所实习,通过后才是律师!所以我会努力工作(学习)来实现我的梦想。
2023-01-02 11:59:171

lawyers是什么邮箱后缀

后缀是@alphalawyers.com。
2023-01-02 11:59:221

英语,谢了

21 to swim 22 lawyers 23 watching 24 differences 25 to go 26 to watch 27more educational 28 to watch 29successful 30 famous
2023-01-02 11:59:283

用英语说为什么喜欢当律师的原因

I like to be a lawyer. That‘s my favourite job. Because Lawyers can help innocent people, punish crimes villains. I think it"s very exciting to be a lawyer. Because I can help those who are in troube but don"t have enough money for law. What"s more important, lawyers are impotant in our daily lives.律师是我最喜欢的工作,因为律师可以帮助无辜的人们,惩罚罪犯,我认为当律师是一件激动人心的事,我能帮助那些遇上麻烦,但却没有足够的钱起诉的穷人,律师是我们日常生活中不可或缺的一份职业。
2023-01-02 11:59:401

“律师法”怎么翻译的?

《中华人民共和国律师法》的现译是 “Law of the People"s Republic of China on Lawyers”不过有些人提议改译为 “Lawyers Law of the People"s Republic of China”。
2023-01-02 11:59:491

用英语说为什么喜欢当律师,多一点

I like to be a lawyer. That my favourite job. Because Lawyers can help innocent people, punish crimes villains. I think it"s very exciting to be a lawyer. Because I can help those who are in troube but don"t have enough money for law. What"s more important, lawyers are impotant in our daily lives要作文吗,望采纳
2023-01-02 11:59:553

关于律师的英文简介

Lawyers practicing law to obtain a certificate, accept the commission or designated for the parties to provide legal services practitioners. Classified according to the nature of work, lawyers can be divided into full-time lawyer and part-time lawyers, according to business division, lawyers can be divided into civil law, criminal law and administrative law, in accordance with clients and work status, divided into social law, company law and public law . Litigation lawyer can be divided into business and non-litigation business. Basic features of the legal profession is. Have the necessary legal expertise. To provide legal services functions. Protection and management by the State
2023-01-02 12:00:082