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有关于VOD视频点播系统的英文文献,最好基于校园网

2023-06-29 08:01:40
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VOD(VIDEO-ON-DEMAND)SYSTEM

Video on demand (VOD) or Audio video on demand (AVOD) systems allow users to select and watch/listen to video or audio content on demand.

VOD systems either stream content through a set-top box, allowing viewing in real time, or download it to a device such as a computer, digital video recorder, personal video recorder or portable media player for viewing at any time. The majority of cable and telco based television providers offer both VOD streaming, such as pay-per-view, whereby a user buys or selects a movie or television program and it begins to play on the television set almost instantaneously, or downloading to a DVR rented from the provider, for viewing in the future.

Functionality

Download and streaming video on demand systems provide the user with a large subset of VCR functionality including pause, fast forward, fast rewind, slow forward, slow rewind, jump to previous/future frame etc. These functions are called trick modes. For disk-based streaming systems which store and stream programs from hard disk drive, trick modes require additional processing and storage on the part of the server, because separate files for fast forward and rewind must be stored. Memory-based VOD streaming systems have the advantage of being able to perform trick modes directly from RAM, which requires no additional storage or CPU cycles on the part of the processor.

It is possible to put video servers on LANs, in which case they can provide very rapid response to users. Streaming video servers can also serve a wider community via a WAN, in which case the responsiveness may be reduced. Download VOD services are practical to homes equipped with cable modems or DSL connections. Servers for traditional cable and telco VOD services are usually placed at the cable head-end serving a particular market as well as cable hubs in larger markets. In the telco world, they are placed in either the central office, or a newly created location called a Video Head-End Office (VHO).

[edit] In-flight entertainment

Some airlines offer AVOD as in-flight entertainment to passengers through individually-controlled video screens embedded in seatbacks or armrests or offered via portable media players. Airline AVOD systems offer passengers the opportunity to select specific stored video or audio content and play it on demand including pause, fast forward, and rewind.

[edit] History

From September 1994, a VOD service formed a major part of the Cambridge Interactive TV trial[1]. This provided video and data to 250 homes and schools connected to the Cambridge Cable network (later part of NTL, now Virgin Media). The MPEG-1 encoded video was streamed over an ATM network from an ICL media server to set top boxes designed by Acorn Online Media. The trial commenced at a speed of 2 Mbit/s to the home, subsequently increased to 25 Mbit/s.[2] The content was provided by the BBC and Anglia Television. Although a technical success, difficulty in sourcing content was a major issue, and the project closed in 1996.

In 1998, Kingston Communications became the first UK company to launch a fully commercial VOD service and the first to integrate broadcast TV and Internet access through a single set-top box using IP delivery over ADSL. By 2001, Kingston Interactive TV had attracted 15,000 subscribers. After a number of trials, HomeChoice followed in 1999, but were restricted to London. After attracting 40,000 customers, they were bought by Tiscali in 2006. Cable TV providers Telewest and NTL (now Virgin Media) launched their VOD services in the United Kingdom in 2005 in attempt to snatch subscribers from the country"s leading pay TV distributor BSkyB whose satellite-based network is unable to offer such a service. BSkyB responded by launching Sky by broadband, which was later renamed Sky Anytime on PC. The service went live on 2 January 2006. Sky Anytime on PC uses a legal peer-to-peer approach, based on Kontiki technology, to provide very high capacity multi-point downloads of the video content. Instead of the video content all being downloaded from Sky"s servers, the content comes from multiple users of the system who have already downloaded the same content. Other UK TV broadcasters have implemented their own versions of the same technology, such as the BBC"s iPlayer, which launches on 25 December 2007, and Channel 4"s 4oD (4 On Demand) which launched in late 2006. The BBC, ITV and Channel 4 plan to launch a joint platform provisionally called Kangaroo in 2008.[3]

VOD services were first offered in Hawaii by Oceanic Cable in January 2000[citation needed], but are now available in all parts of the United States. Streaming VOD systems are available from cable providers (in tandem with cable modem technology) who use the large downstream bandwidth present on cable systems to deliver movies and television shows to end users, who can typically pause, fast-forward, and rewind VOD movies due to the low latency and random-access nature of cable technology. The large distribution of a single signal makes streaming VOD impractical for most satellite TV systems; however, EchoStar recently announced a plan to offer video on demand programming to PVR-owning subscribers of its Dish Network satellite TV service. After the programs are automatically recorded on a user"s PVR, he or she can watch, play, pause, and seek at their convenience. VOD is also quite common in more expensive hotels. VOD systems that store and provide a user interface for content downloaded directly from the Internet are widely available.

According to the European Audiovisual Observatory, 142 paying VoD services were operational in Europe at the end of 2006. Since the start of 2008 virgin media have significantly increased their ondemand content,

[edit] Near video on demand

Near video on demand (NVOD) is a pay-per-view consumer video technique used by multi-channel broadcasters using high-bandwidth distribution mechanisms such as satellite and cable television. Multiple copies of a program are broadcast at short time intervals (typically 10u201320 minutes) providing convenience for viewers, who can watch the program without needing to tune in at a scheduled point in time. This form is bandwidth intensive and is generally provided only by large operators with a great deal of redundant capacity and has been reduced in popularity as video on demand is implemented. Pay-per-view provider In Demand provided up to 40 channels in 2002, with several films receiving up to four channels on the staggered schedule to provide the NVOD experience; however the service now provides only six channels of content.

[edit] Push video on demand

Push video on demand is a technique used by a number of broadcaster on systems that lack the interactivity to provide true video on demand, to simulate a true video on demand system. A push VOD system uses a Personal Video Recorder (PVR) to automatically record a selection of programming, often transmitted in spare capacity overnight. Users can then watch the downloaded programming at times of their choosing. As content occupies space on the PVR hard drive, downloaded content is usually deleted after a week to make way for new programmes. The limited space on a typical PVR hard drive means that the flexibility and selection of programmes available on such systems is more restricted than true VOD systems.

[edit] List of video on demand services

Comcast

Apple iTunes Store

R******.com

Google Video

Rogers

The Movie Network

Xbox 360

Movielink

CinemaNow

Vongo

ZML

Hulu

Joost

4oD

BBC iPlayer

Walmart Video Download (beta)

-----------

Much hope has been placed in the past on Educational Television for improving educational standards and distance education. However, in many countries the impact of this technology has been limited. Some of the reasons are discussed along with possible technical solutions. One solution that has been developed at HP Labs India is presented. This involves the use of satellite TV channels, using the MPEG format, as the distribution channel for educational content in digital form. Inexpensive TV equipment, including those that work with Direct To Home (DTH) TV transmissions are used to capture TV programs in digital form and store them on a server. The system is also capable of capturing text content being sent with the program in the Electronic Program Guide format as well as content in various other data formats including PDF. All captured content is stored in a digital library, offering students an on-demand video facility on campus. Easy search facilities are also offered to help find content items of interest.

苏萦
题目1: An Overview of Interactive Video On Demand System

部分内容:
With the explosion of Internet, people have endless hype, opinions, forecasts, and beliefs about it [16]. Interactive Television, they feel, is the vision to their beliefs: people will soon be able to purchase products, view movies, play video games, browse Internet, participate video-conferences without leaving their houses [4]. Of all the new things that people can do with television, video-on-demands is highly supported by Hollywood since it can lead to new markets and can bring them unpredictable profits.

People have been passive participants in receiving what TV service providers offer since television was introduced. Interactive Video On Demand (IVOD), unlike traditional television delivery, provides users with flexibility in choosing the kinds of information they like to receive [5]. An IVOD system is capable of serving a large number of end users to concurrently access large number of repositories of stored data, often movies [14]. IVOD is basically an extension of Video On Demand (VOD). In addition to the freedom of choosing movies, users can interact with movies and decide the viewing schedule [20]. In other words, IVOD system supports VCR-like functions, such as fast forward, rewind, pause. The enormous communication bandwidth and disk bandwidth required, and the Quality of Service (QoS) demanded necessitate a careful design of the system in order to maximize the number of concurrent users while minimizing the cost.
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全部内容见:

http://www.ece.ubc.ca/~irenek/techpaps/vod/vod.html

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题目2: Video Staging: A Proxy-Server-Based Approach to End-to-End Video Delivery over Wide-Area Networks

部分内容:
Real-time distribution of stored video over wide-area networks is a crucial component of many emerging distributed multimedia applications. The heterogeneity in the underlying network environments is an important factor that must be taken into consideration when designing an end-to-end video delivery system. In this paper, we present a novel approach to the problem of end-to-end video delivery over wide-area networks using proxy servers situated between local-area networks (LANs

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全部内容见:

http://64.233.179.104/scholar?num=50&hl=en&lr=&q=cache:mbqT91Fd8w8J:www.cs.umn.edu/Research/CNMRG/Papers/Zhan00:Video-Staging.ps+

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题目3: Video on Demand

部分内容:
Video on Demand (VoD) is an interactive multimedia system that works like cable Television, the difference being that the customer can select a movie from a large video database. Individual customers in an area are able to watch different programmes when they wish to, making the system a realisation of the video rental shop brought into the home.

As the underlying technologies are relatively new, Video on Demand still lacks a universal standardisation. Nevertheless, many research institutes and commercial organisations have established de-facto standards and consequently, there are many operational VoD-related services available today. Some of the key areas of today"s VoD-related applications are,

Providing Video Films on Demand
Local News and Weather Forecasting
Games, Music and Leisure
Education and Remote Learning Facilities
Home Shopping and Other Consumer Services
Banking
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全部内容见:

http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~nd/surprise_95/journal/vol4/shr/report.html
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2023-06-29 04:19:302

habilis中文翻译

“ this is the first time we have an intermediate beeen erectus and habips , ” lordkipanidze observes 洛基帕尼泽评论道:这是我们第一次找到介于巧人与直立人的标本。 Rather the depcacy of the brow, the projection of the face and the curvature of the rear of the skull evoke h . habips , the presumed forebear of h . erectus 他的眉脊不发达、面孔突出,还有后脑壳的弧度都与巧人很像,而学者一般假定巧人是直立人的祖先。 Human ancestors go back as far as 6 milpon years, fossilsshow . the genus homo arose at least 1.8 milpon years ago, scientistsbepeve, when australopithecines pkely evolved intohumanancestors known as homo habips , which had larger brains butnevergrew larger than a 12-year-old child of today 报道说,施瓦兹和来自美国北伊利诺伊大学的丹盖博用各种原始人类的踝骨与现代大猩猩黑猩猩以及人类的踝骨进行了比较。 Although the fossils have been provisionally categorized by the team as h . erectus based on the presence of certain defining characteristics, he thinks the population represented by the dmanisi hominids may have been more specifically the rootstock of the species, a missing pnk beeen erectus and habips 虽然研究团队根据德玛尼斯人表现的一些直立人定义特徵,暂时将他们归为直立人,但是洛基帕尼泽认为,德玛尼斯化石代表的族群,也许是直立人的始祖,正是直立人与巧人之间的缺环。
2023-06-29 04:19:551

荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学留学奖学金申请须知

  去荷兰的阿姆斯特丹大学读书,大家在进行准备的时候,是需要认真的了解奖学金相关的内容的。和一起看看荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学留学奖学金申请须知。    奖学金申请   这是一个全额奖学金项目,奖金额达到25000欧元,足够覆盖在阿姆斯特丹大学一年的学费加生活费。如果你就读的是一个两年制硕士项目,在满足一定条件的情况下,第二年可以继续获得资助。这些特定条件各个学院要求有所不同,但通常包括顺利修完第一年的学分,保持优秀的学业表现,按规定参加获奖者相关活动等等。   哪些专业可以申请?   申请以下5个学院的硕士项目,都可以申请AES:   经济与商业学院(Economics and Business)   人文学院(Humanities)   法学院(Law)   理学院(Science)   社会科学学院(Social Science)。   谁可以申请?   基础申请条件:拥有欧盟/欧洲经济区(包括瑞士)以外国籍的来自任何专业背景的学生,并且以班级前10%成绩毕业的都可以申请。而筛选条件基于学生的学业优秀程度、个人抱负以及所申硕士项目与个人职业目标的相关度。   细化申请条件:上面所述5个学院又分别针对卓越奖学金提出了更为细化的申请要求,所以定下目标学院和专业后,要去目标学院官网查看细化要求。下面以经济与商业学院举例说明更为具体的申请要求及筛选标准。   申请要求   拥有欧盟/欧洲经济区(包括瑞士)以外国籍   被英语授课的硕士录取或暂时录取(provisionally accepted)   申请人是第一次被阿姆斯特丹大学的硕士项目录取,因为AES不会被授予在阿姆斯特丹大学获得第二个硕士项目录取的申请人   能够遵守荷兰的签证规定   以全日制学生身份入读该硕士项目   申请人在相同时间内不能接受其他奖学金   筛选标准   以班级前10%成绩毕业   本科学校的质量(阿姆斯特丹大学有些专业要求211大学)   一封来自院长、老师或者导师的推荐信   动机信的质量(不超过500个单词)   课外活动描述   英语水平:托福100(每部分不低于22)或雅思7.0(每部分不低于7.0)   整个申请的综合竞争力    奖学金概况   阿姆斯特丹大学除了AES,还开设了一个阿姆斯特丹优秀学生奖学金(Amsterdam Merit Scholarship,简称AMS)奖学金项目。这个奖学金项目同样也是一个优才型奖学金(merit-based scholarship),即只考虑申请者优秀程度不考虑经济水平。同时,AMS也是面向非欧盟/欧洲经济区学生的,并且也只是针对申请硕士项目的学生。   AMS没有像AES要求班级排名前10%的学生才能申请,但是不同学院设定了更细化的要求,某些学院设定的门槛还是挺高的,具体请查看各个学院的申请要求。   从奖学金额度来说,根据各个学院不同,AMS从6000欧元到25000都有。如果你申请的是两年的项目,在满足一定条件情况下,第二还可以继续接受资助。所以AMS也是有可能达到全额奖学金程度的 。   从奖学金名额来说,AMS就比AES多很多了,每年大约有120个名额。   AMS的适应范围也比AES广。AES只有申请经济与商业学院、人文学院、法学院、理学院、   社会科学学院这5个学院的学生可以申请,而AMS除了这5个学院,还有儿童发展与教育学院(Child Development and Education)、传播学院(Communication)、医学院(Medicine)这三个学院的学生也可以申请。
2023-06-29 04:20:021

有没有人可以给我棒棒堂(lollipop)的英文介绍?

Lollipop Bang Bang Tang, alias six bars, including the entire庄濠(Ao dogs), Qiu Yi (Prince), Yang-yu (small yu),廖俊杰(Jill), Liao also Yin (William) and Liu Wei (Ah Wei), Taiwan men"s portfolio, was founded in December 2, 2006 by Channel V (Taiwan) to develop the star variety show, "Bang Bang model Tong" selected participants. In addition to Taiwan, they are in the Mainland, Hong Kong, Macau and Singapore, Malaysia, Japan and other Asian countries have their supporters. Six people living together in the company to arrange for the current quarters. In order to comply with "Bang Bang model Tong" early "election of the six 20" The purpose, after the third round, the program units in November 2006, in the first and second of all members, six members elected to form a new group debut, becoming (formerly EMI) winds cash card and the Star"s media artists; William and two members of the Arab-Israeli latitude is different from the rest of four, is on the list before the release of a few hours before the formal confirmation.
2023-06-29 04:20:105

越南战争英文简介是什么

分类: 社会民生 >> 军事 解析: Vietnam War conflict in Southeast Asia, primarily fought in South Vietnam beeen government forces aided by the United States and guerrilla forces aided by North Vietnam. The war began soon after the Geneva Conference provisionally divided (1954) Vietnam at 17° N lat. into the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) and the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam). It escalated from a Vietnamese civil war into a limited international conflict in which the United States was deeply involved, and did not end, despite peace agreements in 1973, until North Vietnam"s successful offensive in 1975 resulted in South Vietnam"s collapse and the unification of Vietnam by the North.
2023-06-29 04:20:231

澳洲四大历史名校塔斯马尼亚大学留学优势

  澳洲塔州岛上唯一一所公立大学:塔斯马尼亚大学。你对他了解多少呢?据说塔斯马尼亚大学被誉为世界心脏的魁宝,下面大家就和我来了解一下塔斯马尼亚大学吧,希望能帮助到各位,欢迎阅读。    澳洲塔斯马尼亚大学简介:   塔斯马尼亚大学是澳洲高等教育委员会推荐的最有研究成就的澳大利亚前十所大学。它的生命科学学院以高质量的教学和世界级研究活动而著称。科学、工程与技术学院则是该大学规模最大并最具多样性的学院。它的环境学主修原始荒野与自然遗址,这在国际上是独一无二的。还有水产业、海洋学、荒野管理、地质学等课程,以及世界首个南极学学位课程。   塔斯马尼亚大学是2016英国泰晤士高等教育评选出的全球300强大学之一,是澳洲历史最悠久、最具国际声誉的大学之一。学校的教学、研究和学生服务设施一流,连续获得学生服务国家奖和澳洲大学最高研究奖。由于该校是塔斯马尼亚唯一的一所大学,所以它的课程范围很广。有文科、商科、医学、法律、教育、科学、工程、技术等约34个院系。   大学提供从学士、硕士到博士阶段的课程。除医科外,所有的本科课程和授课类研究生课程都有资格申请塔斯马尼亚大学的国际奖学金(INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARSHIP)国际奖学金,塔斯马尼亚大学是设置和颁发奖学金最宽泛的大学之一。学校对所有申请人进行能否录取评估的同时也将进行能否获得奖学金的评估,如学生经过评估获得奖学金,奖学金通知书和录取通知书将同时提供给学生。    澳洲塔斯马尼亚大学优势:   塔斯马尼亚大学有6个学院:艺术学院,商学院,法学院,教育学院,理工学院,健康科学院,课程设置范围基本上涵盖了所有的方向;   英语要求低。对于一般的本科学位要求雅思均分为6,单科不低于5.5;对于研究生学位要求雅思均分为6,单科不低于6;   语言环境好。塔大目前有29000多名学生,中国留学生约1000名,只占3%,大部分是澳洲本地学生,这也为国际学生真正营造了完美的语言环境,为真正提高自己的英语能力创造了硬性条件;   偏远地区加分。这无疑为想要移民的同学提供了便利,塔斯马尼亚属于偏远地区,只要在偏远地区学习两年,就可以获得移民的额外5分加分。    澳洲塔斯马尼亚大学优势专业:   Faculty of Engineering   工程学院的本科文凭,毕业之后不仅拿到Engineering Australia 的认证,还将获得WashingtonAccord会员国的认证,包括美国、新加坡,香港,中国,台北,印度和英国。   Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) 下面有9个方向的专业可选:   Civil; Biomedical; Mechanical; Mechatronics; Electrical Power; Electronics and Communications; Computer Systems; Geotechnical   Master of Professional Engineering, 下面有两个方向可选:   Civil and Structural engineering目前是provisionallyaccredited by Engineering Australia。该专业是为本科工程专业毕业,但是不是civil/structural 方向的学生,或者本科是Science背景的学生设置。   研究生课程包含12个星期的行业实习,由学校安排。   该研究生课程的雅思要求为4个6。   Faculty of Health   Health学院提供多个方向的课程:Health, Nursing, Medicine, Pharmacy,Psychology, Health Science, Exercise Science, Dementia Care, Biomedical Science等。   Bachelor of Nursing   塔大的护理专业本科有3年和2年的加速课程。雅思要求均分6.5,单科不低于6.5。   护理专业本科包含880小时实习   Bachelor of Biomedical Science   生物医学本科为3.5年课程,其中有一整个学期半年时间,学校将安排实习。   Master of Biomedical Science   生物医学研究生课程为2年课程,该课程受到Australian Institute of Medical Scientists(AIMS) 的认证。就业率达到100%。
2023-06-29 04:20:291

什么叫“provisionally accepted ”

Provisionally-accepted暂时接受双语例句1. The seven republics had provisionally agreed to the new relationship on November 14th. 7个共和国在11月14号暂时达成协议建立新关系。2. The meeting has been provisionally arranged for 3.00 pm next Friday. 会议时间暂定为下星期五下午叁时.3. In the realm of truth - processes facts come independently and determine our beliefs provisionally. 在真理过程这一领域中,事实独立发生,并且暂时决定我们的信念.4. They have agreed provisionally. 他们暂时同意了.5. Chelsea have provisionally agreed a four - year deal with AC Milan striker Andriy Shevchenko , to the Mail. 据邮报消息,切尔西已经暂时同意与AC米兰前锋舍普琴科一份为期四年的合约.
2023-06-29 04:20:471

Provisionally accepted是什么意思

Provisionally accepted暂时接受双语对照例句:1."The Constitutional Court provisionally accepted a petition against the referendumcommission," the Sudanese Media Centre said..-----------------------------------如有疑问欢迎追问!满意请点击右上方【选为满意回答】按钮
2023-06-29 04:20:541

什么叫“provisionally accepted ”

大概意思:初步认可,暂时接受 有语境的话会更方便翻译
2023-06-29 04:21:031

什么叫“provisionally accepted ”

你好!provisionally accepted暂时接受
2023-06-29 04:21:101

Provisional Acceptance被拒绝的概率大吗

ProvisionalAcceptance被拒绝的概率不大。意味着经过同行评审,你的论文已被暂时接受发表。修改后一般都会接收的。
2023-06-29 04:21:171

丁俊晖简介英文版

Category Asia - China First Name Ding Last Name Jun Hui Town / Country Beijing, China Date of birth 1 April 1987 Club The Academy, Wellingborough High Break 141 - 2005 Irish Masters qualifiers & 2005 Masters Ranking: 2004-5 Chinese No. 1 Turned Pro 2003 Tournament Record 2006 Asian Games Snooker Singles 2006 Asian Games Snooker Doubles 2006 Asian Games Snooker Team 2006 Northern Ireland Trophy Champion 2005 UK Champion 2005 Masters Quarter Final 2005 Welsh Open Last 48 2004 Chinese Ranking Event 1 Winner 2004 British Open Last 16 2004 Masters Last 16 2003 IBSF World Under 21 Championship Semi Final 2003 WSA Main Tour Concession 2002 IBSF World Championship Semi Finalist 2002 Asian Games Snooker Singles Gold Medal 2002 IBSF World Under 21 Champion 2002 China Under 18 Champion 2002 Asian Champion 2002 Chinese Champion 2002 Chinese Junior Champion 2002 Asian Under 21 Champion Biography Ding shot to fame in 2002. At just fifteen years old he first of all won the Asian Under 21 championship. He followed that up with a resounding 8-1 win over Singapore"s Keith E Boon in the final of the Asian Championship, and to prove that this was no fluke, in August he travelled to Latvia and came home as the new IBSF World under 21 champion. He has since added the Snooker singles Gold Medal in the Asian Games and finished as a semi finalist in the 2002 IBSF World Championship. In 2003 he was unable to progress much in Asian snooker as both the Asian championship and the under 21 event had to be cancelled due to the SARS virus crisis. He defended his World Under 21 title, reaching the semi finals, before losing out to Australian Main Tour player Neil Robertson. The WSA awarded Ding a Main Tour concession in recognition of his outstanding 2002-3 results and he"ll started his professional career in September 2003. He turned more heads in February 2004 when he made his debut in the Masters at Wembley and knocked out Joe Perry and narrowly failed to beat Stephen Lee. Since then he"s had to get used to a new cue after baggage handlers smashed it. In the 2004-5 season he beat both Tony Drago and Jimmy White to reached the last 16 of the British Open and he got through to the televised stages of the 2005 Welsh Open losing to John Parrott. In January 2005 he made his professional high break of 141 against Gary Wilkinson, during the Irish Masters qualifiers and he equalled that feat at the Wembley Masters. Ding is based at the Academy in Sheffield, when in the UK, and he"s a regular practice partner of Peter Ebdon, who enthuses about his skills and potential. Remember the name.
2023-06-29 04:21:241

Oncolcgy Letters 的正式接收函是这样的吗

论文投稿收到的接收函上说“The manuscript was provisionally accepted for publication in Oncolcgy Letters on June 08,2017. The submission should be considered to be formally accepted upon the receipt of proofs. ”就是这样的。没有问题。
2023-06-29 04:21:421

求一高手翻译,禁用翻译器,好的另加 不要一句一句,要整段的翻译 通顺的!!

the traditional indicia will typically define markets too narrowly and should not be used,at least not mechanically.In their place,a qualitative analysis is likely to be less flawed.One should endeavor to address and analyze competitive circumstances rather broadly.Particularly if innovation competition across producers and/or technologies can beestablished on a wide front(i.e.,beyond just isolated anecdotes),the burden should shift to the narrow market advocates to establish their case. Survey research may be required and may be desirable to establish the most important dimensions of competitive efforts and the attitudes of customers.Such a survey might in fact help establish a performance-based SSNIP that could be used to define markets. 传统的标准通常对市场的定义过于狭隘,而无法采用,至少不能机械地采用。 在他们看来,定性分析似乎缺陷更少一些。人们要敢于更宽泛地定义并分析有竞争性的环境。尤其是当生产者和各种技术的创新竞争建立在一个宽广的领域时(也就是,不仅仅是隐秘的传闻),这个包袱将转移到那些支持狭隘市场论者身上,形成他们的案例。对于建立起最重要的竞争行为和客户态度的准则来说,调查研究可能是必要的,或者是亟需的。这样的调查或许有利于建立一个基于业绩表现的假性垄断者测试,用来定义市场。For assessing market power in such industries,the market definition exercisemay provide obvious answers.If market power is provisionally identified,ananalysis of rents would be useful to identify whether market power is in factpotentially troublesome or simply the outcome of innovation,entrepreneurialefforts,and/or natural scarcity.市场定义能为这些行业的市场势力评估提供明显的答案。如果市场势力只是临时被定义,租金分析能更有效地识别以下情况:市场势力到底是潜在的麻烦,还是创新、企业成就、自然稀缺的产物。We are disturbed by the low degree of attention to these issues in the literature.The agencies and the courts appear extremely reluctant to tackle the issues wehave identified.Academic scholars have been quite slow to assist,perhaps becausethe issues seem so daunting and the ramifications too hostile to received wisdom.我们被这些问题困扰了,因为文献中很少涉及这些问题。相关机构似乎非常不愿意去处理我们指出的这些问题。学者们的帮助总是很迟钝,也许是因为这些问题看似令人畏惧,并且,这种分歧对于已经被认可的智慧是不利的。
2023-06-29 04:22:012

越南战争英文简介是什么

Vietnam war
2023-06-29 04:22:102

hadean eons造句 hadean eonsの例文 "hadean eons"是什麼意思

The Jack Hills zircon led to something of a revolution in our understanding of the Hadean eon . According to first proposal, it precedes the Hadean eon and is the earpest eon in Earth"s history as a pla. Alternatively it is defined as the first era of the Hadean eon , before the formation of the first crust on the Earth. Nevertheless, at least one notable scientific work has advocated using the lunar geological time scale to subdivide the Hadean eon of Earth"s geologic time scale. The International Commission on Stratigraphy currently does not recognize the lower boundary of the era which has been provisionally placed at nor that of the preceding Hadean Eon . Earth records a similar history of impact melting in its zircons from the Hadean eon , 4.5-4.0 b . y . ago. :: I can"t find a question, but the OP may find useful information on the coopng of the earth at History of the Earth and Hadean Eon . The presence of an ocean, first dating from the late Hadean, would suggest the start of pfe in the following Archean Eon rather than in the Hadean Eon depended on the presence of an ocean .. The Hadean Eon represents time before the repable ( fossil ) record of pfe beginning on Earth; it began with the formation of the pla and ended at 4.0 bilpon years ago as defined by international convention. The zircons and various aspects of their geochemistry provide evidence for the existence of continental-type crust on the surface of the earth during the Hadean eon , contrasting with earper ideas on the earpest phase of Earth"s history. It"s difficult to see hadean eons in a sentence. 用 hadean eons 造句挺难的 It is bracketed at the old end by the dates of the earpest Solar System material at 4.567 Ga, ( gigaannum : bilpon years ago ) and the age of the Earth at 4.54 Ga at the beginning of the informally recognized Hadean eon . The early Earth during the Hadean eon is bepeved by most scientists to have had a Venus-pke atmosphere, with roughly 100 bar of CO 2 and a surface temperature of 230 癈, and possibly even sulfuric acid clouds, until about 4.0 bilpon years ago, by which time plate tectonics were in full force and together with the early water oceans, removed the CO 2 and sulfur from the atmosphere. The ""giant-impact hypothesis "", sometimes called the ""Big Splash "", or ""the Theia Impact ""suggests that the Moon formed out of the debris left over from a colpsion beeen Earth and an astronomical body the size of Mars, approximately 4.5 bilpon years ago, in the Hadean eon ; about 20 to 100 milpon years after the solar system coalesced.
2023-06-29 04:22:171

tyrannomyrmex造句 tyrannomyrmexの例文

""" Tyrannomyrmex legatus " ""is a tropical Old World species of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. " Tyrannomyrmex legatus " has its sting extruded and it is parable in length with " T . dux ". Fern醤dez ( 2003 ) provisionally concluded that " Tyrannomyrmex " is a distinct and isolated myrmicine genus with possible affinities to either the " Adelomyrmex "-genus group or the tribe Solenopsidini. It"s difficult to find tyrannomyrmex in a sentence. 用 tyrannomyrmex 造句挺难的
2023-06-29 04:22:241

except to the extent that是什么意思

但……则属例外其实就是除非
2023-06-29 04:22:575

求人用专业词汇翻译下:Localized Significance Thresholds 是关于PM2.5气象环境指标方面的

本地化的意义阈值(LST)发明的回应董事会的环境正义增强倡议沿4号洲际。1所采用的方法是临时管理委员会2003年10月(附录C LST的方法由董事会是过时的,用户是指附录C的最新版本——大规模率LST查找表的下面)和SCAQMD正式批准的移动源委员会在2005年2月。
2023-06-29 04:23:101

暂时死不了 用英语咋说?地道的

Sibu Le temporarily
2023-06-29 04:23:327

投资移民新西兰澳洲加国

其他我不知道,澳洲的话近年投资移民要10万在生意上,25万总资产在自己账户上。。。我说的都是澳元,以现在的汇率可能是6左右。。。自己乘以六就好了。而且近几年移民限制。可能商业移民价目会上涨。。。推荐去加拿大,那里现在移民政策宽松。。。新西兰地方不错,就是太小了。而且物价消费比其他两国高一点。
2023-06-29 04:23:485

2岁儿童服用泰诺?混悬液过量有什么后果

Drugs name general name: Phenol hemp US sensitive suspension trade name: Tainuo Drugs information [character]This is the red suspension body. [pharmacological action]This compound prescription by to the acetyl amino-phenol, the hydrochloric acid pseudoephedrin, the hydrobromic acid right beautiful sabina and maleic acid chlorobenzene that is composed sensitively. To allay a fever the analgesic to the second party acid radical amino-phenol, the action mechanism mainly to suppress the prostaglandin synthesis; The hydrochloric acid pseudoephedrin to plan the adrenalin medicine, may contract the nose mucous membrane blood vessel, reduces the stuffy nose, the class tears symptom; The hydrobromic acid right beautiful sabina is the antitussive, through suppresses the medulla oblongata cough main center to have the function; The maleic acid chlorobenzene that sensitive is the antihistamine, may eliminate or reduce cold to burst into tears, the sneeze and the class tears symptom. [medicine generation of dynamics]To acetyl amino-phenol oral administration absorption fast and completely, in the clothing latter 30 minutes produces brings down a fever the analgetic function, 2~3 hours reach the most high efficiency, bring down a fever the function to be possible to maintain for 4 hours, in the liver metabolism, the half-life 2~4 hours, 60% by the glycuronic acid union, 30% discharge by the sulfate union shape type from the urine, are smaller than 4% medicines discharge in vitro by the primary form. Maleic acid chlorobenzene that sensitive, the hydrobromic acid right beautiful sabina and the hydrochloric acid pseudoephedrin has the good absorption in the gastro-intestinal tract, the majority after the liver metabolism discharges from the urine. [adaptation card]This uses in the young child, may reduce the ordinary cold or the flu causes gives off heat, the headache, the four limbs to be sore, symptoms and so on sneeze, class tears, stuffy nose, cough, pharynx and larynx. [usage amount used]Oral administration: below 2 years old the young child should obey the doctor"s advice, below 12 years old the child amount used sees the next table: age (year old) body weight (kilogram) amount used (milliliter. Time) number of times 2-3 12-14 2.5-3.5, if the symptom does not alleviate, may be separated 4-6 the hour repeatedly to apply drugs one time, 24 hour does not surpass 4 time 4-6 16-20 4-5.5 7-9 22-26 6 10-12 28-32 8 [untoward effect]1st, occasionally has is addicted to mildly rests, the multi-perspirations, dizzy, the asthenia, disgusting, on the abdomen to be ill, the mouth does and has a poor appetite, the skin rash and so on, to be possible to restore voluntarily. 2nd, possibly causes is addicted to rests. 3rd, possibly causes excitedly, is to specially the child. [taboo]This allergy and allays a fever the analgesic allergy taboo to other to use. [matters needing attention]1st, takes medicine for 3 days later continues to give off heat, please consult doctor. 2nd, has hypertension, diabetes, the energetic depression, heart disease, the armor high sickness, glaucoma, asthma patient as well as sensitive is not suitable to the ephedrine pharmacological action takes this. 3rd, is accompanied by the multi-phlegm the cough, causes the chronic cough by asthma before to using this please do consult doctor. 4th, like appears the new symptom or has the hyperemia, swelling when please do stop using and consulting doctor. 5th, do not including also take with other to the acetyl amino-phenol medicine. 6th, the drugs character has when the change forbids to take. 7th, the liver, kidney function entire does not use cautiously. 8th, the child must use under adult"s guardianship. 9th, please place this drugs the place which the child cannot contact. [interaction]1st, allays a fever the analgesic with other with to use, may increase the kidney toxic danger. 2nd, is taking the single ammonia oxidation enzyme inhibitor (to use in depression and so on mental illness, either Parkinson sickness), either in stops in the medicine latter two weeks, please do not use this, if cannot determine the baby takes whether in the medicine to include the single ammonia oxidation enzyme inhibitor, before taking this, please do consult doctor. 3rd, this not suitably with the chloromycetin, the Barbitone kind, or the spasmolytic, the phentolamine, the ocean yellow glucoside class and uses. 4th, like is taking other drugs, before using this, please do consult to doctor or the pharmacist. [pregnant woman and breast-feeding period woman applies drugs]Before the pregnant woman and the nursing woman takes this, please do consult to doctor. [child applies drugs]below 2 years old the young child should obey the doctor"s advice. [old person applies drugs]below 2 years old the young child should obey the doctor"s advice. [medicine excessive]When takes medicine excessive or has the serious untoward effect, please namely do go to the hospital to go see a doctor. Excessive will take will further not reduce the condition, instead will cause the health damage. Dosage-form] [packing]Polyolefine plastic bottled, each bottle of 100ml. [stores]Shade, airtight preservation. [term of validity]Establishes provisionally for 18 months. [authorized document number] country medicine accurate character H20041694 [Production enterprise] Shanghai Johnson manufactures drugs Limited company 药品名称 通用名:酚麻美敏混悬液商品名称:泰诺药品信息 本品为红色的混悬液体。 本复方由对乙酰氨基酚、盐酸伪麻黄碱、氢溴酸右美沙芬和马来酸氯苯那敏组成。对乙方酰氨基酚为解热镇痛药,作用机理主要为抑制前列腺素合成;盐酸伪麻黄碱为拟肾上腺素药,可收缩鼻子粘膜血管,减轻鼻塞、流涕症状;氢溴酸右美沙芬为镇咳药,通过抑制延髓咳嗽中枢而产生作用;马来酸氯苯那敏为抗组胺药,可消除或减轻感冒的流泪、喷嚏和流涕症状。对乙酰氨基酚口服吸收快速而完全,服后30分钟内产生退热止痛作用,2~3小时达最高效能,退热作用可维持4小时,在肝脏代谢,半衰期2~4小时,60%以葡萄糖醛酸结合物,30%以硫酸盐结合物形式从尿中排出,小于4%的药物以原形排出体外。马来酸氯苯那敏,氢溴酸右美沙芬和盐酸伪麻黄碱在胃肠道都有较好的吸收,大部分在肝脏代谢后从尿中排出。 本品用于小儿,可减轻普通感冒或流行性感冒引起的发热、头痛、四肢酸痛、喷嚏、流涕、鼻塞、咳嗽、咽喉等症状。 口服:2岁以下小儿应遵医嘱,12岁以下儿童用量见下表 : 年龄(岁) 体重(千克) 用量(毫升.次) 次数 2-3 12-14 2.5-3.5 若症状不缓解,可间隔4-6小时重复用药一次,24小时不超过4次 4-6 16-20 4-5.5 7-9 22-26 6 10-12 28-32 8 1、偶有轻度嗜睡、多汗、头昏、乏力、恶心、上腹不适、口干和食欲不振、皮疹等、可自行恢复。 2、可能引起嗜睡。 3、可能引起兴奋、特别是对儿童。 本品过敏及对其它解热镇痛药过敏者禁忌用。 1、服药3天后持续发热,请咨询医师。 2、有高血压、糖尿病、精神抑郁症、心脏病、甲亢症、青光眼、哮喘患者以及对麻黄碱药理作用敏感不宜服用本品。 3、伴有多痰的咳嗽,由哮喘引起的慢性咳嗽 在使用本品前请咨询医生。 4、如出现新的症状或出现充血、肿胀时请停止使用并咨询医生。 5、不得与其它含对乙酰氨基酚的药物同时服用。 6、药品性状发生改变时禁止服用。 7、肝、肾功能不全者慎用。 8、儿童必须在成人的监护下使用。 9、请将此药品放在儿童不能接触的地方。 1、与其它解热镇痛药同用,可增加肾毒性的危险。 2、正在服用单氨氧化酶抑制剂(用于抑郁症等精神疾病,或帕金森病),或在停药后二周内,请不要使用本品,如果不能确定患儿服的药中是否含有单氨氧化酶抑制剂,服用本品前请咨询医生。 3、本品不宜与氯霉素、巴比妥类、或解痉药、酚妥拉明、洋黄地苷类并用。 4、如正在服用其它药品,使用本品前请向医师或药师咨询。 孕妇及哺乳妇女服用本品前请向医师咨询。 2岁以下小儿应遵医嘱。 2岁以下小儿应遵医嘱。 如服药过量或有严重不良反应时,请即去医院就医。过量服用不会进一步减轻病情,反而会引起健康的损伤。 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------药品其他信息 聚烯烃塑料瓶装,每瓶100ml。 遮光、密闭保存。 暂定18个月。 国药准字H20041694 上海强生制药有限公司
2023-06-29 04:24:021

将“新阿姆斯特朗”改称“纽约” 哪个战争之后

第二次英荷战争. On August 27, 1664, while England and the Dutch Republic were at peace, four English frigates sailed into New Amsterdam"s harbor and demanded New Netherland"s surrender, whereupon New Netherland was provisionally ceded by director-general Peter Stuyvesant. This resulted in the Second Anglo-Dutch War, between England and the Dutch Republic. In June 1665, New Amsterdam was reincorporated under English law as New York City, named after the Duke of York (later King James II), who organized the mission.
2023-06-29 04:24:201

跪求日本言情电视剧,【免费高清】在线观看百度网盘资源

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1tRTpi14DOIfKlqV2S4nz3Q?pwd=t5jn 提取码: t5jn 复制这段内容后打开百度网盘手机App,操作更方便哦
2023-06-29 04:19:111

王下七武海的英文是什么啊?

沙·克洛克达尔(Sir Crocodile)(沙鳄鱼)(被路飞打败后除名)  乔拉可尔·密佛格(Dracule Mihawk)(鹰眼)  巴索洛米·熊(Bartholomew Kuma)(暴君)  唐吉诃德·杜夫拉明高(Don Quijote Doflamingo)(海流氓)  月光·莫利亚(Gekko Moria)(月光玻璃)  波雅·汉库克(Boa Hancock)(女帝)  海侠·吉贝尔(鱼人甚平)(Jinbei)(海侠)  马歇尔·D·帝奇(Marshall D. Teach)(黑胡子)(打败艾斯成为七武海)(顶替克洛克达尔成为七武海) http://baike.baidu.com/view/108642.htm
2023-06-29 04:19:111

myEclipse中怎么Convert to Maven Project

方法步骤如下:1、选择建立Maven Project 选择File -> New -> Other,在New窗口中选择 Maven -> Maven Project;点击next2、选择项目路径 Usedefault Workspace location默认工作空间3、选择项目类型 在Artifact Id中选择maven-archetype-webapp4 、输入Group ID和 Artifact ID,以及PackageGroup ID一般写大项目名称。Artifact ID是子项目名称。Package是默认给你建一个包,不写也可以5.刚建立好后的文件结构如下图如果这里显示的内容多,一般是Filters设置的问题;或perspective为JavaEE模式,改成Java模 式就可以了6、配置项目 需要添加src/main/java,src/test/java ,src/test/resources三个文件夹。右键项目根目录点击New -> Source Folder,建出这三个文件夹注意:不是建普通的Folder,而是Source Folder7、更改class路径 右键项目,Java Build Path -> Source 下面应该有4个文件夹。src/main/java,src/main /resources,src/test/java ,src/test/resources选上Allow output folders for source folders双击每个文件夹的Output folder,选择路径src/main/java,src/main/resources,选择target/classes;src/test/java ,src/test/resources, 选择target/test-classes;在此处还要更改:更改文件夹显示的顺序:点击Order and Export;更改JDK版本:在Libraries双击JRE System Library,要1.6版本8、把项目变成Dynamic Web项目 右键项目,选择Project Facets,点击Convert to faceted fro9、配置Project Facets 更改Dynamic Web Module的Version为2.3。(3.0为Java7的)。如果提示错误,可能需要在Java Compiler设置Compiler compliance level 为1.6,或者需要在此窗口的Java的Version改成1.610、设置部署程序集(Web Deployment Assembly)上面步骤设置完成后,点击OK,Properties窗口会关 闭,在右键项目打开此窗口。在左侧列表中会出现一个Deployment Assembly,点击进去后,如下图此处列表是,部署项目时,文件发布的路径。(1)我们删除test的两项,因为test是测试使用,并不需要部署。(2)设置将Maven的jar包发布到lib下。Add -> JavaBuild Path Entries -> Maven Dependencies -> Finish设置完成效果图11、构建框架 在pom.xml中添加所需要的jar包使用Maven POM editor打开项目中的pom.xml文件,选择Dependencies,在Dependencies栏目点击Add进行,首先弹出一个搜索按钮,例 如输入jsf,就会自动搜索关于JSF相关的jar包,我们选择2.0.4版本的jsf,将jsf包全部添加进来需要添加的其他jar包有:junit、jstl或者点击pom.xml直接编辑pom.xml文件,这样可以直接copy过来dependencies内容;我们的pom.xml文件可直接复制下面的内容:<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.smile.maven.demo</groupId><artifactId>maven-demo-web</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>maven-demo-web Maven Webapp</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>3.8.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.sun.faces</groupId><artifactId>jsf-api</artifactId><version>2.0.4-b09</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.sun.faces</groupId><artifactId>jsf-impl</artifactId>version>2.0.4-b09</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>taglibs</groupId><artifactId>standard</artifactId><version>1.1.2</version></dependency></dependencies><build><finalName>maven-demo-web</finalName></build></project>12、发布 对着工程点右键:Run As ->Maven install 然后再Run As -> Mavenpackage.生成完后用Tomcat跑即可
2023-06-29 04:19:121

jolin in the house用中文来读,怎么读?不用翻译,就想知道怎么用中文读

赵林音则耗U0001f601
2023-06-29 04:19:132

maven问题,新手求解!

1.Eclipse使用Maven创建Web时找不到maven-archetype-webap或报Could not resolve archetype org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-webapp:RELEASE from any of the configured repositories解决方法:window-->preferences-->Maven-->Archetypes-->Add Remote Catalog中添加catalog File:http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/archetype-catalog.xmlDescription: 随便填写2.为Eclipse添加自己的maven环境 选择window-->preferences-->Maven-->Installations-->Add选择本地maven安装目录,-->Apply选择User Settings-->选择本地maven安装目录下conf-->settings.xml-->ok重启Eclipse。3.修改本地maven库地址在settings.xml中<settings ...></settings>添加<localRepository>E:/localMaven/</localRepository>4.启用jetty-run命令settings.xml中添加<pluginGroup>org.mortbay.jetty</pluginGroup>5.规范maven库settings.xml中的<profiles></profiles>增加<repositories><repository><id></id><url>可以为局域网地址</url></repository></repositoories>6.安装jar包到本地maven库mvn install:install-file -Dfile=E:jodconverter-2.2.2.jar -DgroupId=com.artofsolving -DartifactId=jodconverter -Dversion=2.2.2 -Dpackaging=jar -DgeneratePom=true -DcreateChecksum=true7.maven 关联本地项目jar包<dependency> <groupId>com.artofsolving</groupId> <artifactId>jodconverter-core</artifactId> <version>3.0-beta-4</version> <scope>system</scope> <systemPath>${basedir}/lib/jodconverter-core-3.0-beta-4.jar</systemPath> </dependency>lib目录必须与pom.xml同级 8.can not calculate build plan:选中项目右键—》maven-->Update Dependencies.
2023-06-29 04:19:051

歌曲《今天你要嫁给我》的详细歌词

男)春暖的花开带走冬天的感伤微风吹来浪漫的气息每一首情歌忽然充满意义我就在此刻突然见到你(女)春暖的花香带走冬天的饥寒微风吹来意外的爱情鸟儿的高歌拉近我们距离我就在此刻突然爱上你(合)听我说手牵手跟我一起走创造幸福的生活昨天你来不及明天就会可惜今天嫁给我好吗(here we go ..en en)(男)jolin(微) in the house(女)(en)diti in the house(男)(ye)jolin in the house(耶~~~)(女)diti in the house(男)(come on)jolin in the house(女)diti in the house(男)啊耶耶~~~(合)our love in the house(男)sweet sweet love (男)夏日的热情打动春天的懒散阳光照耀美满的家庭(ye ye)每一首情歌都会勾起回忆想当年我是怎么认识你but here now(女)冬天的忧伤结束秋天的孤单微风吹来苦辣的思念(男):i missing u 耶鸟儿的高歌唱着不要别离此刻我多么想要拥抱你(合)听我说手牵手跟我一起走过着安定的生活昨天你来不及明天就会可惜今天你要嫁给我(合)听我说手牵手我们一起走把你一生交给我昨天不要回头明天要到白首今天你要嫁给我rap:嘿,嘿恩,恩,叮当.听着礼堂的钟声我们在上帝和亲友面前见证这对男女生就要结为夫妻不要忘了这一切是多么的神圣你愿意生死苦乐永远和她在一起爱惜她尊重她安慰她保护着她两人同心建立起美满的家庭你愿意这样做吗?(合)yes i do!(合)听我说手牵手一路到尽头(合)把你一生交给我昨天已是过去明天更多回忆(男)多回忆ye——今天你要嫁给我(男)今天你要嫁给我(合)今天你要嫁给我(男)今天你要嫁给我(男)wooh今天你要嫁给我(女)嫁给我wowowo
2023-06-29 04:19:044

怎么看maven工程的 archetype

既然想搞maven。那肯定就要用开发工具咯。用eclipse添加mavan插件,创建一个mavan项目。就知道了。个人理解,maven archetype不过就是问你想创建一个什么项目而已。是java,android,还是web。
2023-06-29 04:18:572

宫崎骏《幽灵公主》主题曲 要有歌词的谢谢了

http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/jHOkRiUrtpI/
2023-06-29 04:18:565