L&M MERIT是哪国香烟 翻译成中文叫什么？

parliament 英[ˈpɑːləmənt] 美[ˈpɑːrləmənt] n. 议会; 国会; 英国议会(包括下议院和上议院); 一届议会的会期; (两次大选之间的) 一届议会; [例句]Parliament today approved the policy, but it has not yet become law.议会于今天批准了这项政策，但尚未成为法律。[其他] 复数：parliaments

1、parliament英[u02c8pɑu02d0lu0259mu0259nt]美[u02c8pɑu02d0rlu0259mu0259nt]，n.议会; 国会; 英国议会(包括下议院和上议院); 一届议会的会期; (两次大选之间的)一届议会。 2、[例句]We are now into the second half of the parliament.我们现已进入了本届议会的后半任期。

parliament 英 ["pɑu02d0lu0259m(u0259)nt] 美["pɑrlu0259mu0259nt] n. 议会，国会

可加可不加

PARLIAMENT（百乐门）是一种香烟品牌，诞生于1931年。由瑞士菲利浦莫理斯烟草公司制造，属于菲利普莫里斯烟草公司高档品牌的烟。有人认为，PARLIAMENT使用过滤嘴比公认为世界最初的KENT（健牌）烟还要早。知道菲利普莫理斯烟草公司的人都知道他们的当家品牌是 万宝路 MARLBORO。PARLIAMENT 作为此公司的高档品牌价位比万宝路要高。

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Parliament: 立法与行政很大程度上合二为一：议会中所占议席超过半数的党（或几个政党组成的联盟，占了议会的多数议席）出面组织政府，党魁担任首相/总理。他组阁时只能从议员中选人进他的内阁。你想当部长/大臣，首先必须在你的选区里赢得选举，成为国会议员 MP / Member of Parliament。道理很简单：如果连你自己选区的老百姓都不想让你代表他们，就您，还想当部长/大臣？这样的好处是首相和内阁要干什么事立什么法，他有本党议员的支持，就比较容易在议会通过。但议员没有义务按照党魁的指示投票。英国是最典型的议会代议制：这主要是指下院 the House of Commons。上院 TheHouse of Lords 都是有贵族头衔的（有些是世袭传下来的，但所有新封的贵族头衔都是不可以世袭的），是非民选的，所以立法方面只能提建议和发牢骚，并无实际立法权。Congress: 是纯粹的立法系统 the legislature, 与行政 the executive branch 和司法系统 the judiciary 三者彼此完全独立，这就是所谓三权分立。美国总统如果请哪个国会议员（无论是众议员还是参议员）加入他的内阁，这议员想入阁就必须辞去议员职务。唯一的例外：美国副总统兼任参议院议长，有权在参议院出现僵局时投关键的一票破局，但一般按惯例他不投这样的票的，以显示尊重立法独立性。

the 的用法；定冠词the可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西.1）特指双方都明白的人或物：2）上文提到过的人或事：3）指世上独一物二的事物：4）单数名词连用表示一类事物:5）用在序数词和形容词最高...

legislative立法的。议会是英国最高立法机关。

中文名：百乐门诞生于1931年。由瑞士菲利浦莫理斯烟草公司制造，属于菲利普莫里斯烟草公司高档品牌的烟。有人认为，PARLIAMENT使用过滤嘴比公认为世界最初的KENT（健牌）烟还要早。知道菲利普莫理斯烟草公司的人都知道他们的当家品牌是 万宝路 MARLBORO。PARLIAMENT 作为此公司的高档品牌价位比万宝路要高。

congress侧重于 代表大会 和（美国的）国会，是一个很正式的单词.而parliament更侧重于 议会，两者比较相似但不完全一样.

英国国会有三种元素: 王冠，上议院和英国国会下议院。 英国国会被时常称为 " legislature"- 制造的身体或不制造者法律。 当一个帐单被计划的时候 , 它首先在英国国会下议院中开始。 除了经过的帐单之外，英国国会有其他的事物做。 1. 上议院上议院是国会的最古老部份。 虽然上议院 ( 也被称为上面的众议院) 主要地是历史的神圣遗物，但是 lordsstill 保存他们的名称并且甚至有大部份他们的远古特权。 上议院和分享宫殿的相同建筑物的英国国会下议院被建造 bete ween 1840 和 1852, 代替在 1834 年被火已经是毁灭的建筑物. 理论上上议院是相等的在力量 woth 英国国会下议院中,2. 英国国会下议院也即是较低的众议院的英国国会下议院是真正的力量躺卧的地方。 头英国国会下议院是说者或室的总统,众议院 使用威斯敏斯特的宫殿部份北部。 英国国会下议院的法定人数是四十个成员。 有大约 1 小时 " 问题时间"在祈祷和一些初步行动之后每天,许多帐单在英国国会下议院中时下被内阁开始。 这章从最初的地方除了立法和财政之外提到。

the 的用法；定冠词the可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 1）特指双方都明白的人或物： 2）上文提到过的人或事： 3）指世上独一物二的事物： 4）单数名词连用表示一类事物: 5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only， very， same等前面： 6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体： 7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前： 8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前： 9）用在表示乐器的名词之前： 10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：举个例子说明；He was the first farm-worker to go into parliament.他是第一个进入议会的农场工人。

国会大厦

议会: parliament legislative assembly 议员: member (of a legislative body) representative

这三个词我们都常用哦，先从心理上不要抗拒，多用几遍就都会了feature 跟feather有点像哈 你就想啊，羽毛是鸟的重要特征。像representative，我们中国的所有外国驻华机构、代表处的头头，都是用这个词。你看这次冬奥会介绍运动员：Meng Wang， representing the P.R.China它的动词是represent，代表。Parliament 同 Parliamentry，都是国会、议会。这个多用于外国，因为咱们中国是人民代表大会制度。

PARLIAMENT 美国百乐门

lower house of parliament议会下院双语对照例句:1.Japan"s lower house of parliament passed a contentious plan to double the consumption tax, which now proceeds to the upper house. 日本议会下院通过了一项颇具争议的议案，计划将消费税翻一倍，现已移交上院

n.英国的国会大厦网络翻译：国会大厦；议会大厦；国会大楼；英国议会大厦

议会议员

　　意思是议会，国会（大厦）　　满意请采纳，谢谢

百乐门100s是加长版的，我平时抽的就是9mg100s的，最普遍的价格是一盒470，6mg的也有卖450的，见过卖得最便宜的百乐门是410日元，不过前两天那台贩卖机已经被撤走。。七星的话410，万宝路440，kent410，日本烟大概就是这个价格

意大利议会（Italian Parliament）是意大利共和国国家议会。它是一个两院制的立法机构，拥有945名议员。它是由630名众议院议员和和315名参议院参议员组成。意大利议会是意大利共和制度的公民代表机构，并负责相应活动。

议会是英国政治的中心舞台，是英国的最高立法机关。政府从议会中产生，并对其负责。英国的国会为两院制，由上议院和下议院组成。 上议院又称贵族院，主要由王室后裔、世袭贵族、新封贵族、上诉法院法官和教会的重要人物组成。上议院议员不由选举产生，部分是世袭贵族。 上议院是英国最高司法机关，议长由大法官兼任。和下议院相比，上议院的权力相对有限，保留着历史上遗留下来的司法权，有权审查下议院通过的法案，并通过必要的修正案，还可以要求推迟它不赞成的立法，最长可达一年。 下议院又称平民院或众议院，其议员由直接选举产生，任期5年。下院的主要职权是立法、监督财政和政府。 英国全国被划分为多个选民人数基本相同的选区（选区的划分由一个独立的委员会决定），每个选区选举一名下议院议员。大多数选区议员是一个政党的成员，但是没有政党背景的人士也可以参加选举。 通常情况下，英国下议院总有一个拥有绝对多数的政党，该党领袖被国王任命为首相。下议院第二大党的领袖则成为反对党领袖。

歌曲名:Prelude歌手:Parliament专辑:Clones Of Dr. FunkensteinThis is what I brought you.You may forget me.I promise to depart just promise one thing.Kiss my eyes and lay me to sleep.This is what I brought you.This is what I brought.Kiss my eyes and lay me to sleep.Kiss my eyes and lay me to sleep.This is what I thought, I thought you"d need me.This is what I thought, so think me naive.I promise you a heart you"d promise to keep.Kiss my eyes and lay me to sleep.Kiss my eyes and lay me to sleep.Kiss my eyes and lay me to sleep.http://music.baidu.com/song/8562496

legislative立法的。议会是英国最高立法机关。

自己抄吧~~~英国议会的起源TheGreatCouncilisknowntobetheprototypeofthecurrentBritishParliament.In1265,SimondeMontfortsummonedtheGreatCouncil,togetherwithtwoknightsfromeachcountyandtwocitizensfromeachtown.ItlaterdevelopedintotheHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons.Itsmainrolewastoofferadvice.Therewerenoelectionsorparties.AndthemostimportantpartofParliamentwastheHouseofLords.大议会是当今英国议会的原型。1265年，西门德孟福尔召开大议会，各县有两名骑士，各镇有两名市民参加。大议会发展到后来演变成议会，分为上议院和下议院。其作用是咨询而非决定；也没有选举和政党。议会的最重要的部分是上议院。1.TheUnitedKingdomisaunitary,notafederal,state.ParliamentconsistsoftheSovereign,theHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons.英国是中央集权国家，而不是联邦制国家。议会由君主，上议院和下议院组成。2.ThemainfunctionsofParliamentare:(1)topasslaws;(2)toprovide,byvotingfortaxation,themeansofcarryingontheworkofgovernment;(3)toexaminegovernmentPolicyandadministrations,includingproposalforexpenditure;and(4)todebatethemajorissuesoftheday.议会的主要作用是：（1）通过立法；（2）投票批准税为政府工作提供资金；（3）检查政府政策和行政管理，包括拨款提议；（4）当天的议题辩论。3.TheHouseofLordsismadeupoftheLordsSpiritualandtheLordsTemporal.ThemainfunctionoftheHouseofLordsistobringthewideexperienceofitsmembersintotheprocessoflawmaking.Inotherwords,thenon-electedHouseistoactasachamberofrevision,complementingbutnotrivalingtheelectHouse.贵族院（上议院）由神职贵族和世俗贵族组成。它的主要作用是用议员的丰富经验帮助立法。换而言之，非选举的上议院是修正议院，补充而非反对由选举产生的下议院。4.TheHouseofCommoniselectedbyuniversaladultsuffrageandconsistsof651MembersofParliament(MPs).ItisintheHouseofCommonsthattheultimateauthority.下议院（平民院）由成人普选产生，由651名议员组成。下议院拥有最终立法权。5.Britainisdivided651constituencies.EachoftheconstituenciesreturnsonemembertotheHouseofCommons.AgeneralElectionmustbeheldeveryfiveyearsandisoftenheldatmorefrequentintervals.英国被划分为651个选区，每个选区选一名下议院议员。大选必须五年举行一次，但经常不到五年就进行一次选举。6.Britainhasanumberofparties,butthereareonlytwomajorparties.ThesetwopartiesaretheConservativePartyandtheLabourParty.Since1945,eithertheConservativePartyortheLabourPartyhasheldpower.ThepartywhichwinssufficientseatsataGeneralElectiontocommandamajorityofGovernment.TheleaderofthemajoritypartyisappointedPrimeMinister.ThepartywhichwinsthesecondlargestnumberofseatsbecomestheOfficialOpposition,withitsownleaderand“shadowcabinet”.TheruleofOppositionistohelptheformulationofpolicy.CriticizestheGovernmentanddebatewiththeGovernment.英国有很多政党，但有两个主要的政党—保守党和工党。从1945年以来，两党一直轮流执政，在大选中获多数议席因而在下议院拥有多数支持者的政党组建政府，多数党领袖由君主任命为首相。获得第二多数议席的政党则正式成为“反对党”，有自己的领袖和影子内阁。反对党的目的是帮助制定政策，它可以经常给政府提出批评性的建议和修正议案。

这里的parliament是指猫头鹰的“一群”可以作为量词

1. 英国国会大厦例句:1.He would then cross the river and from St Thomas "Hospital paint the House of Parliament.

the House of Parliament英国国会大厦；英英国国会大厦；伦敦议会大厦例句1.If the House of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected.若不是国会大厦在1834年被焚毁的话，这座大钟永远也不会建造。2.We visited the House of Parliament in London.我们参观了伦敦的英国国会大厦。3.At the north end of the House of Parliament is another big tower - the famous clock tower known as Big Ben.在议会大厦的北端，有一座高塔，这就是有名的“大本钟”。4.The Speaker of Britain"s Lower House of parliament英国国会的下议院议长5.If you go to London, you may want to visit the House of Parliament.如果你到伦敦，你可能会去参观议会大厅，在那里你也能听到这钟声。

议会大厦的英文Parliament Building。双语例句：他快速穿过市区赶往州议会大厦。He raced across town to the State House building 他们参加集会的行进途中经过议会大厦。They marched past the Houses of Parliament on their way to a rally. 人群聚集在议会大厦的周围。Crowds gathered around the Parliament building.

英国议会典礼仪式?怎么了?自己写!

Military police

Parliament: The political institutionParliament, as a political institution, has developed over hundreds of years. During that period the two distinct Houses – Commons and Lords – emerged and the balance of power between Parliament and the monarchy changed dramatically.

"British parliamentary system," 1, the British parliamentary system in the historical process and system evolution The bourgeois revolution and the constitutional monarchy established in the British Parliament during the The initial characteristics of the birth of the British Parliament: Parliament more than two bills to establish the principle of the King 1, the British Parliament is divided into two chambers: the House of Lords or the House of Lords (16 century); the civilian population center, or the Lower House (1343-1352) in 1376. 2, Rules of the content focused on the collection of taxes: the 1351 (13th century voting system), Office of taxation, but also to discuss other aspects of legislation. 1332 (1414) (establishing the House of Lords in 1342 and the trial against the power of the king"s high-level officials, the lower house of 1386 to establish a motion of impeachment by the House of Lords trial practice, the parliamentary decision is final) 3, the lower house to enjoy the right to petition: individual petitions, public petitions 4, the Parliament from time to time (initially), convened by the king 5, Members may get allowances, travel by the regional government in a 6, the lower house"s electoral system to establish (15 century) 1,1649, the establishment of the Republic during the period: the Lower House to become the country"s highest authority, the establishment of a number of sub-charge of the Commission administrative, judicial, religious, military, diplomatic, financial and other state power. 2,1653, the Cromwell to dissolve Parliament, to drive away the radical members of Parliament to recover the legislative power, the Parliament Act protect the country need to obtain the consent of the main force, a unicameral parliament. 3,1679 years, William accept the "bill of rights", the provisions of the King without the consent of Parliament can not enact laws and to stop the force of law, not tax collection and disposal shall collect and maintain the standing army, subjects have the right of petition to the King, members in the Parliament have the freedom to say so. 4, "Act of Settlement," provides for the Upper House and Lower House members qualifications, and provides that without the two houses petitioned the king can not remove a judge. Note: The production of the Privy Council in 1540, Henry VII, the establishment of the Privy Council in place of the former Imperial Conference. The composition of the Privy Council by the King confidant of Secretary of State is no longer invited to participate in the feudal nobles, from the direct leadership of the king. Later, Henry VIII will be transformed into the Privy Council are only a dozen ministers appointed by the king"s direct participation of institutions. 2,4,6 weekly regular meetings, the latter composed of 4-6 isolated from the core of the meeting, meeting every day to study the daily government. Privy Council to become the king will uphold the highest legislative and executive bodies. Stuart dynasty, the Privy Council, a considerable administrative power, and consists of ad hoc committee to deal with a specific transaction is completed, the Commission dissolved. 1649 the British establishment of the Republic period, the Privy Council was dissolved. Lower House Speaker: Tudor period, the lower house assigned by the King, the election is a form (the Privy Council to consult the King, the proposed speaker-elect, by acclamation by the lower house)

楼主，单词打错了，应该是：parliamentary debate，意思是“议会制辩论”。 具体请楼主搜索：http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=parliamentary+debate

The house of Lords also known as lords, member of Parliament is not elected,but by the descendants of the royal family, consisting of the hereditary aristocracy, the house of Lords is Britain"s highest judicial authority, which in addition to the court of leaders of all levels and by routine procedure through the house of Commons has bill outside, not what the real power. Also known as the house of commons. Members elected, the election every five years, butoften because of political turmoil, held earlier. According to the constitution, in the general election the party won a majority of seats for the ruling party.The cabinet is the core of leadership of the British government. All the important policy formulation and implementation by the cabinet. Parliament in the great impact from the cabinet.The prime minister responsible for the cabinet, is actually the largest nationalpower character

前者指的是英国的国会大厦，house用复数形式主要是因为这里的house在英国指的是“议院”的意思，大厦是英国house of lords（贵族院）和house of commons(平民院)的所在地，因此要用复数。更直接的理解的话，houses of parliament是专有名词，没什么可争议的。

M的发音，第一个音是原音/ai/，所以要用an。对于描述固定的字母要根据第一个字母的发音是不是原音来判断，而不是根据第一个字母是不是原音字母来判断了

labour Member of Parliament。labour MPs ：全称 labour Member of Parliament，指的是工党议员。关于英国的政党知识也是经常在阅读和完型中考察到的，大家要积极进行了解。

Brazilian Parliament 巴西国会大厦或称 CongressoNacional国会大厦两侧是两只方向相反的“碗”，一只碗口向上，一只碗口向下碗口向上的是众议院Brazilian Parliament Releases 碗口向下的是参议院Brazilian Parliament Senate

你好 这个是 议会法案 的意思

世界上最有名的邏輯謎稱為「誰養斑馬？」這個邏輯謎據說是愛因斯坦（Albert Einstein）發明的，所以也稱為「愛因斯坦謎」。 廣為流傳的說法是愛因斯坦年輕的時候想出來的。 愛因斯坦曾經說道：「全世界只有 2% 的人能在半小時內完成解答。」 請看下列十五道提示：有五間房子。英國人住紅色的房子。西班牙人養狗。住綠色房子的人喝咖啡。烏克蘭人喝茶。綠色房子緊鄰的左邊（你的右邊）是白色房子。抽「Old Gold」牌香菸的人養蝸牛。黃色房子的人抽「Kools」牌香菸。正中央房子的人喝牛奶。挪威人住左邊（你的右邊）第一間房子。抽「Chesterfields」牌香菸的人，住在養狐狸的人的隔壁。抽「Kools」牌香菸的人，住在養馬的人隔壁。抽「Lucky Strike」牌香菸的人，喝橘子汁。日本人抽「Parliament」牌香菸。挪威人住在藍色房子的隔壁。問題：誰喝水？誰養斑馬？？計時開始！Photography by: Jurvetson (Flickr)解答：挪威人喝水。日本人養斑馬。 你解出來了嗎？正確答案的順序是（由左到右）：日本人，綠色房屋，咖啡，Parliament，斑馬。西班牙人，白色房屋，橘子汁，Lucky Strike，狗。英國人，紅色房屋，牛奶，Old Gold，蝸牛。烏克蘭人，藍色房屋，茶，Chesterfields，馬。挪威人，黃色房屋，水，Kools，狐狸。 另外，其實這題還有一個變形態樣，就是在上面題目中的左右括號引起我的注意（所以是言多必有詐嗎？），如果省去括號中方向性的說明，那得到的順序反而會變成：挪威人，黃色房屋，水，Kools，狐狸。烏克蘭人，藍色房屋，茶，Chesterfields，馬。英國人，紅色房屋，牛奶，Old Gold，蝸牛。日本人，綠色房屋，咖啡，Parliament，斑馬。西班牙人，白色房屋，橘子汁，Lucky Strike，狗。 你注意到了嗎？日本人跟西班牙人的位置雖然排在最後，但是兩者的順序並沒有改變。雖然不是頭尾照順序顛倒過來這麼直覺，但是這道題目本身就會形成一個提示，因此在解題上反而比較簡單。

英国国会（The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland）是英国和英国外洋疆域（独自享有议会主权，Parliamentary sovereignty）的最高立法坎阱。英国国会的首领为英国君主；它还包罗上议院（The House of Lords）和下议院（The House of Commons）。上议院议员分为两种∶上议院神职议员（Lords Spiritual）[即英国国教（Church of England）中的高级神职职员]和上议院世俗议员（Lords Temporal）(即贵族成员)。上议院议员大局部因此指派体例发生。下议院则适值一致，是由民主推举发生。上议院和下议院位于大伦敦威斯敏斯特市 威斯敏斯特宫（Palace of Westminster，即国会大厦，Houses of Parliament）差别的房间内。国会是由早期为君主提议治国倡议的政务会成长而来。表面上国会的权利并不归属于国会，而属于"君临国会"（Queen-in-Parliament，或国王∶King-in-Parliament）。即使有争议，国会中的女王仍常被以为是完好的君主主权。当代的国会权利属于议决民主推举而发生的下议院；君主仅作为象征意义的元首，而由非推举发生的上议院，其权利也相当有限。由于以英联邦国度为代表的很多国度，其立法机腹以英国国会为原型，英国国会通常被称作"国会之母"。但这倒是对约翰·布赖特（John Bright）的谬误引用。现实上，他是在1865年1月18日一篇支持创建国会政府的前锋国度扩大投票权利的文章中谈到"英格兰是国

Although UK and USA belong to the capitalism,yet thereu2019s some difference about their political system,particularly the parliament system.Thereu2019re generally four differences about it in below:Firstly,their name is different.In UK,it called the parliament that is composed of two houses:the lower house and the upper house.In USA,it named the Congress that contains the senate and house of representative.Secondly,the way to form the parliament is somewhat different.In UK,the lower house members are formulated by general election,but the upper house members are formed by the appointment of the King or the Queen.In USA,however,both the senate and house of representative are formed by general election.Thirdly,thereu2019s some difference about power.For the upper house of UK,it actually has little power,itu2019s merely the symbol of the honor,and the real power of the law-making is controlled by the lower house.But in USA,both the senate and the house of representative have the real power.A resolution has been passed by both houses so that it can become a law.Fourthly,their relation with government is a little different.In UK,itu2019s the head of the majority part in parliament that lead the government that named primer minister.In USA,the relation between the Congress and the Government is mutual supervision and restriction.The majority part in Congress does not absolutely mean that the president belongs to the majority part,because the President is elected by the general election.To sum up,the essence of UK and USA parliament is very similar,the slight difference is embodied on the name,way of formulation,the distribution of power and the relation with government

加拿大第22任总理史蒂芬·哈珀（Stephen Harper）Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is a Canadian politician who is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canadaand the Leader of the Conservative Party. Harper became prime minister in 2006,forming a minority government after the 2006 election. He is the first primeminister to come from the newly reconstituted Conservative Party, which formedafter a merger of the Progressive Conservative Party and the Canadian Alliance.Harper has been the Member of Parliament(MP) for the riding of Calgary Southwest in Alberta since 2002. Earlier, from1993 to 1997, he was the MP for Calgary West. He was one of the foundingmembers of the Reform Party, but did not seek re-election in the 1997 federalelection. Harper instead joined and later led the National Citizens Coalition,a conservative lobbyist group. In 2002, he succeeded Stockwell Day as leader ofthe Canadian Alliance (the successor to the Reform Party) and returned toparliament as Leader of the Opposition. In 2003, he reached an agreement withProgressive Conservative leader Peter MacKay for the merger of their twoparties to form the Conservative Party of Canada. He was elected as the party"sfirst non-interim leader in March 2004.Harper"s Conservative Party won a strongerminority in the October 2008 federal election, showing a small increase in thepercentage of the popular vote and increased representation in the CanadianHouse of Commons, with 143 of 308 seats. The 40th Canadian Parliament wasdissolved in March 2011, after his government failed a no-confidence vote onthe issue of the Cabinet being in contempt of parliament.In the May 2011 federal election, Harper"sConservative Party won a majority government, the first since the 2000 federalelection. His party won 166 seats, an increase of 23 seats from the October2008 election.

Government of Australia(澳大利亚政体)The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy, a federation and a parliamentary democracy. The Commonwealth of Australia was formed in 1901 as a result of an agreement between what were previously six self-governing British colonies. The terms of this agreement are embodied in the Australian Constitution, which was drawn up at a Constitutional Convention and ratified by the people of the colonies at referendums. The structure of the Australian Government may be examined in light of two distinct concepts, namely: Federalism and the Separation of Powers into legislative, executive and judiciary branches of government. Separation of powers is implied from the structure of the Constitution which breaks down the branches of government into separate chapters.The Australian Constitution creates a federal legislature, the Parliament of the Commonwealth (Section 1). The bicameral parliament consists of the Queen and two houses, the Senate and the House of Representatives (Section 1). Section 51 of the Constitution provides for the Commonwealth Government"s legislative powers and allocates certain powers and responsibilities (known as "heads of power") to the Commonwealth government. All remaining responsibilities are retained by the six colonies, which under the Constitution became States of the Commonwealth of Australia. Further, each state has its own constitution so that Australia has seven sovereign Parliaments, none of which can encroach on the functions of any other. The High Court of Australia arbitrates on any disputes which arise between the Commonwealth and the States, or among the States, concerning their respective functions.The Commonwealth Parliament can propose changes to the Constitution. To become effective, the proposals must be put to a referendum of all Australians of voting age, and must receive a "double majority":a majority of all votes, and a majority of votes in a majority of States. The Commonwealth Constitution also provides that the States can agree to refer any of their powers to the Commonwealth if they choose. This may be achieved by way of an amendment to the Constitution via referendum (a vote on whether the proposed transfer of power from the States to the Commonwealth, or vice versa, should be implemented). More commonly powers may be transferred by passing other acts of legislation which authorise the transfer and such acts require the legislative agreement of all the state governments involved. This "transfer" legislation may have a "sunset clause", a legislative provision that nullifies the transfer of power after a specified period, at which point the original division of power is restored.In addition, Australia has several territories, three of which are self-governing: the Australian Capital Territory, the Northern Territory and Norfolk Island. The legislatures of these territories exercise powers delegated to them by the Commonwealth, and the Commonwealth Parliament retains the power to override territorial legislation and to transfer powers to or from the territories. While Australian citizens living in the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory are represented in the Commonwealth Parliament, Norfolk Islanders are not represented federally.Australia"s other territories that are regularly inhabited (Jervis Bay, Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands) are not self-governing. Instead, these territories are largely governed by federal law, with Christmas Island and the Cocos Islands also having local governments.The federal nature of the Commonwealth and the structure of the Parliament of Australia was the subject of protracted negotiations among the colonies during the drafting of the Constitution. The House of Representatives is elected on a basis which reflects the differing populations of the States. Thus New South Wales has 50 members of the House while Tasmania has five. But the Australian Senate is elected on a basis of equality among the States: all States elect 12 Senators, regardless of population. This was intended to prevent the Parliament being dominated by the interests of the two most populous States, New South Wales and Victoria, as the Senators of the smaller States could form a majority and amend or even reject bills originating in the House of Representatives.The third level of government after the Commonwealth and the States is local government, in the form of shire, town or city councils. These bodies administer the provision of services such as local roads, sanitation, libraries, dog registration etc. Councils are composed of elected representatives, usually serving on a part time basis.和你那个老师说一下，息怒~~~

pass an Act

伦敦工人协会,简称伦敦工会； 例： [一] Intelnational WorkingMen"s Association 国际工人协会/国际工人联合会/第一国际 [二] A People"s Charter 人民宪章 There was widespread dissatisfaction with the Reform Act of 1832 and the New Poor Law. In 1836, a group of skilled workers and small shopkeepers formed the London Working Men"s Association. They drew up a charter of political demands (a People"s Charter) in 1838, with the intention of presenting it to Parliament. It had six points: (1)the vote for all adult males; (2)voting by secret ballot; (3)equal electoral districts; (4)abolition of property qualifications for members of Parliament; (5)payment of members of Parliament; (6)annual Parliaments, with a General Election every June. 1832年的《改革法案》和《新贫困法》引起了普遍不满.1836年,一群技术工人和小店主组成伦敦工人协会.他们于1838年起草了有关政治要求的宪章（人民宪章）,想把它呈送给议会.宪章有六点内容：（1）所有成年男子都有选举权；（2）进行无记名投票；（3）平等选区；（4）议员选举废除财产资格要求；（5）议员应有报酬；（6）议会每年六月进行大选.

If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834如果不是国会大厦在1834年被焚毁的话If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected.如果不是国会大厦在1834年被焚毁的话，这座大钟永远也不会建造。