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当代立体漆艺创作现状

文章作者:汪天亮

摘 要:漆艺本质上兼具绘画特征和立体特征。当代漆艺术从平面走向立体,代表了对漆艺术的文化元素的深度挖掘,也代表了平面思维到空间思维模式的转换,是现代造型意识与传统技艺结合的极好范例。

关键词:立体漆艺 漆艺术 创作现状 空间思维

漆,可以称为是华夏文明重要的文明创造。古代的器物几乎“无漆不髹”,髹漆最初的目的是为了“坚固于质”,而后“光彩于文”,明清时的中国漆艺更是发展到 “千文万华,纷然不可胜识”⑴的程度。这反映了漆艺从功能性到艺术性发展的演变趋势。

生漆号称“涂料之王”,生漆的良好物理性能使它几乎能髹涂在用竹、木、皮、锡、陶瓷、石头等常用材料做成的胎体上,在与其他材料相结合中更能发挥它的优异性能。漆是一种褐色液体,可是一旦与其他颜料相结合,它马上能呈现“千文万华”的光彩;漆本身没有固定的形态,但一旦髹涂到各种胎体上,它马上就能显现出“千姿百态”的面貌。因此从本质上看,漆艺兼具绘画特征和立体特征。正是因为绘画特性和造型的完美结合,成就了伟大的中国古代漆艺术。

从漆艺术发展的过程看,它是一个能够容纳并吸收各种文化因素和各种先进技法的开放的系统。从古代西域“密陀绘”技法的传入,到中国描金技法、夹纻技法的东传,再到“莳绘”技法启发中国的“薄料髹涂”技法;从当代漆画受越南磨漆画启发而蓬勃发展,到当代各种平面艺术形态都能逐渐出现在漆艺作品中,这些例子都表明,漆艺术的这种开放特质正是中国漆艺千百年来能不断发展、不断进步的动因。

中国现代漆画艺术的发展,使得古老的漆艺获得了新的动力。全国美展中将漆画定为一个独立的画种,这样的的评审机制更加促进了当代中国漆艺迅速地朝漆画发展。然而,也正是因此,使得我国的漆艺创作逐步进入了纯平面化的状态。回顾20世纪八、九十年代和日本韩国进行的漆艺交流活动中,中方提交的作品几乎全是漆画,立体造型作品寥寥无几。中国当代漆艺的绘画特性得到了无限的放大,而漆艺的立体特性却被大多数人忽视了。日本和韩国一直坚持传统工艺和现代艺术相结合的路线,基本保持了漆艺术的绘画性和立体型的平衡发展。这些都对我们的当代漆艺提供了一种参照。

现代漆艺应当包括漆画艺术和立体漆艺造型两个部分。作为一种传统的艺术媒材,漆艺也面临着传统艺术观念的现代转换的问题。传统的漆艺中高度的技术性和传承性与当代艺术的观念性和非物质化特性存在相当大的思维落差。当代漆艺向绘画性的发展,是以放弃漆艺的立体特性为代价的。如何找到古代艺术技艺和现代艺术理念间的平衡点,我们还需要更多的文化自觉和艺术智慧。

中国当代立体漆艺是受当代艺术思潮的推动,逐渐发展起来的。立体漆艺已经成为当代中国漆艺的学术焦点。很多漆艺家已经认识到单一的平面思维模式对漆艺的制约,也逐渐开始对漆的立体空间表现方面的探索。日本、韩国现代漆艺也给国内的艺术家很多启发。与传统漆器相比较,现代立体漆艺术的成型手段是传统的,然而髹饰的材料则呈现出更为多样化的趋势。在“第十届全国美展·艺术设计展”上有10件立体漆艺作品入选,1件获奖;在“从河姆渡走来——中国现代漆艺展”上,立体漆艺作品也成为了主角。立体漆艺的重新回归,昭示了未来漆艺发展的新方向。

中国当代立体漆艺的发展基本是以高校为中心发展起来的,由于技艺传承的渊源和各地文化环境的影响,形成了具有一定的地缘特点的立体漆艺群体。

福建是中国漆艺的传统强省,创作阵容强大。福州是脱胎漆器的故乡,脱胎漆器的塑形法和髹饰法是中国传统漆艺中的特色技艺。因此福州籍的漆艺家往往在立体造型以及髹饰技法上有独到之处。福建省的漆艺教育起步较早,培养了大批的漆艺人才。其中,成立于1956年的福州工艺美术学校,在创立之初就设立了漆艺专业,并聘请了李芝卿、高秀泉等著名漆艺家传授漆艺。李芝卿和高秀泉的艺术实践和艺术探索得到了国内漆艺界同行的高度重视。1962年雷圭元先生亲率李鸿印先生、乔十光先生来福州学习,而乔十光先生更是十下福州学习漆艺。福州的漆艺极大地促进了中国漆艺技艺的发展。1974年福建工艺美术学校复办时,王和举先生、吴川先生、郑力为先生和时任副校长的陈文灿先生共同创办了福建工艺美术学校的漆画专业。两所学校漆艺专业的开办,极大地带动了福建乃至全国的漆艺术的发展。

地处福州的闽江学院艺术系(原福州工艺美术学校)是国内最早开始系统的立体漆艺教学的院系,长期以来,立体漆艺一直是我校的学术重点。我的立体漆艺作品—《大器》系列始创于1999年,这个系列作品的产生,是我多年来从事漆立体教学模式探索过程的一个成果。目前的闽江学院艺术系的漆艺专业是福州地区最活跃的漆艺群体,带动了整个福州现代漆艺术的发展。同时学院坚持以福建省漆文化研究会和福州市漆艺研究会为依托,加强对传统漆艺的学术性研究,并一直在为推动传统脱胎漆艺与现代立体漆艺有机结合而努力。

北京的立体漆艺是以清华大学美术学院(原中央工艺美术学院)为中心,北京大多数从事立体漆艺探索和实践的艺术家都和该校有着一定的渊源。该校的乔十光先生是上世纪60年代中国漆画的一位领军人物。在他的影响下,中国的漆画在20世纪80年代作为一个独立的画种而登上当代画坛。乔先生对立体漆艺教学的扶持和理论上的探索上也作出了很大贡献。2000年,在他主编的《中国艺术教育大系·美术卷·漆艺》和《中国传统工艺全集·漆艺》中,乔十光先生正式将现代立体漆艺称为“漆塑”,以对应于“漆器”和“漆画”,为现代立体漆艺发展提供了理论空间。

以梁远和周剑石为代表的北京中青年漆艺家也一直致力于立体漆艺的探索。梁远先生毕业于中央工艺美术学院,他的早期创作深受乔十光先生的影响,追求材质语言的纯正和漆艺技法的充分表达。近些年来,他在创作过程中大胆突破“器”与“艺”的观念限制,在漆立体的创作领域默默开拓出自己的一片绿地。在他的作品中彰显出传统人文精神和现实关怀的高度统一,传统大漆工艺与现代创作观念的完美和谐。梁远作品兼容并蓄的精神内核与温良宽厚的造型性格,在异彩纷呈的现代艺术创作领域可谓独树一帜。

周剑石先生同样毕业于中央工艺美术学院,后在日本东京艺术大学漆艺专业获得美术学/艺术学双硕士学位。在日本任教多年的经历,使得他的创作中更多地融合了日本漆艺“器用”的传统。他的作品在对天然漆的古典技法与古代漆器造型方面的理解以及对传统造型与现代综合材料在造型艺术语言表现相结合上,有很多独到之处。代表作《十二生肖盒》曾获得“第十届全国美展·艺术设计展”优秀作品。

江苏地区的立体漆艺创作以南京艺术学院为中心,由于两任院长保彬先生和冯健亲先生的支持,漆艺创作一直非常活跃。王琥先生是江苏最为突出的漆艺家,他是沈福文大师的关门弟子,目 前是南京艺术学院漆艺研究方向的学术带头人,漆工艺方向的博士生导师。他一直致力于漆工艺与空间艺术的结合,强调漆艺术与环境艺术的互动,并创作设计了许多大体量的室外漆艺雕塑和很多主题性艺术家具陈设。

以四川美术学院为中心的重庆漆艺的发展,与沈福文先生的努力密不可分。沈先生早年在日本跟随松田权六先生学习,回国后于20世纪40年代创办成都艺术专科学校(四川美术学院前身)漆艺专业,这是我国最早设立的高校漆艺专业。建国后成都艺术专科学校先后改名为西南美术专科学校和四川美术学院,但漆器专业沿续至今。沈福文先生的弟子陈恩深先生,是目前国内漆立体创作的代表性人物之一,他的作品大量选用鹅卵石,汉白玉等自然石材为胎,并大胆采用现代合成漆材料,运用“拓叶法”、“积沙法”、“灰料薄塑法”等独特的表现技法进行髹涂,在石胎上营造出如原始化石般粗犷、厚重的远古意味,体现了作者雄沉、大气的审美追求。

广东的漆艺深受蔡克振先生影响。20世纪60年代蔡克振先生留学越南河内学习磨漆画,归国后在广州美术学院设立了漆艺专业。目 前,广东的漆艺家从事漆画创作的居多。曾任广东美协漆画艺术委员会秘书长的陈勤群先生,是一位勤奋的立体漆艺实践者。他的作品一直在努力地探索传统漆艺华丽精美之外地那种雄浑、高古的气象,其代表作有《混沌》、《凝固》、《希望》等。

除上述地区外,国内目 前还有许多地区的漆艺家也都在进行立体漆艺术的尝试,未来必将会有更多的艺术家投身到立体漆器的创作中来。艺术家的“每一个小小的创造都增添和开拓了造型的新领域,使设计的思维变得更加宽阔,同时又使观赏者的内心体验到了这种美感韵律的震动,显现出一种创造的魅力。”

对于当代立体漆艺,有人认为当代漆艺就是综合材料的一种,这种观点非常肤浅。中国的漆艺从来就是各种材料的综合,但此综合非彼综合。中国历来对材料就有深刻的认识,成书于春秋末年的《考工记》中就以提出了朴素的工艺观:“天有时,地有气,材有美,工有巧。合此四者,然后可以为良。”其中特别提到材质美对艺术效果的重要意义。明代成书的《髹饰录》中黄成写道:“质则人身”,杨明注曰:“骨肉皮筋巧作神,肥瘦美丽文为眼”。漆器从来就是多种材料的复合体,它以胎为骨、以灰漆为肉、以纻布为筋,以漆为皮,古代的漆艺家一直把漆器作为活生生的对象来塑造,通过漆这样一个材媒表达出的对中国古代造型审美观念的理解。相对而言传统漆的多种材料的运用更加内质化,而现代对材料的运用更加直观。当代漆艺术在材料上、造型技法上、髹饰技艺上都有了极大的提升,这些都促进漆器髹饰技法从平面走向立体,从单一材料走向多种材料,从复杂的传统工艺走向更便捷的工艺的转变。正是这些改变,又使得当代的艺术家能更自由的关注自己的艺术概念的表现,而不再为繁缛的工艺所限制。当代漆艺的发展客观上开阔了当代艺术对材媒运用的视野。

“天人合一”的思想贯穿整个中国文化,是中国传统文化最为深远的本源,东方独有的造物观念把各种艺术品都看作整个自然的产物,看作是环境的产物。当代漆艺形态的转变与当代生活环境的改变息息相关。漆艺从室内走向室外,从平面专项立体,从关注器物的内空转向关注环境形成的外空,从斗室中把玩到在展厅展出,这些变化既是当代文化空间的转变、艺术环境的转变。对空间观念的重视必然促进当代立体漆艺的更大发展空间。

总之,当代艺术的现代特性是思想和观念的产物,而不仅仅是时间维度的定义。 现代艺术的发展,使得我们必须以一个更加开放和抽象的角度、更鲜活的思维方式来审视我们的当代漆艺。无论从对漆艺绘画特性和立体特性的均衡把握上,还是从对当下文化生活表述的能力上,立体漆艺都将是未来中国漆艺最有前景的方向。

[参考文献]

⑴王世襄.髹饰录解说 [M]. 北京:文物出版社,1983. :19

⑵ (美)S·阿瑞提(Arieti.S.).创造的秘密 [M].钱岗南译. 沈阳:辽宁人民出版社,1987.

作者简介:

汪天亮 (1950- ),男,汉族,上海市人。福州工艺美术学校校长,福建闽江学院艺术系主任。

Inheritance and Evolution

-Current productive situation of contemporary three-dimensional lacquer craft

WANG Tian-liang

(Art department, MinJiang College, Fuzhou,350108,China)

Abstract: Lacquer craft is essentially characterized by painting and cube. Contemporary Lacquer craft evolves from complanarity to cubicity, which illustrates the deep exploration for the cultural factors of lacquer craft, also the conversion from complanary thinking to three-dimensional one. It is an excellent example for the combination between modern sculpting awareness and traditional workmanship.

Key words: Cubic lacquer craft, lacquer craft, current situation, three-dimensional thinking

planarity

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2023-07-11 23:20:425

求专业人士帮我翻译翻译!谢谢

仅供参考 改变在光谱特征的铜配合物在交互与ct dna在50 nM三hcl / 18毫米生理盐水缓冲(pH = 7.2)转变的配位体带或电荷转移。目前所有的配合物具有明显的减色性(33.85 - -44.26%)的增加与不同的DNA红光偏移。此外,随着程度通常符合减色性力量的变形交互,这表明复杂3展品更好的DNA亲和力与复合物1、4和5。作为一种手段,进一步阐明了荧光光谱测量绑定复合物进行了。添加复杂的DNA绑定EB解决方案造成明显的降低排放强度,表明复杂的竞争性必然的DNA与EB。减少的程度的排放强度给出了一个方法绑定倾向的复杂的DNA。根据古典Stern-Volmer equation29…… ;我0和我是荧光强度在缺乏和存在的饮料,分别。凯西是一个线性Stern-Volmer淬火常数。(问)的浓度冷却器。淬火图表明,淬火的EB绑定到DNA复合物在赞同线性Stern-Volmer方程,这也表明该复合物,K是给定的比率边坡的拦截。根据方程,复杂的浓度是价值的减少50%的荧光强度EB(app)的K值计算是4.67 * 10 ^ 5,9.48 * 10 ^ 5,4.30 * 10 ^ 5和3.90 * 10 ^ 5 M ^ 1复合物1、3、4和5,不到的结合常数的古典intercalators和metallointercalators(10 ^ 7 M ^ 1),17显示的交互配合物与DNA都是温和的intercalative模式。复杂的3是最好的绑定剂由于其最高平面化为30 对于你这个10悬赏只能说没有悬赏,一般翻译你这个收费大概要60-80元,专业的上百了。里面专业词汇太多了,要化学学的好英语又学得好的人才能达到或符合你的要求!!这概率。。。。
2023-07-11 23:20:571

贝塔折叠中2个分类分别在蛋白质结构的哪里?

I believe you know that amnio acidhave C terminus and N terminus.In an antiparallel arrangement, the successive β strands alternate directions so that the N-terminus of one strand is adjacent to the C-terminus of the next. This is the arrangement that produces the strongest inter-strand stability because it allows the inter-strand hydrogen bonds between carbonyls and amines to be planar, which is their preferred orientationBeta sheet is composed of one parallel beta sheet nest to one parallel beta sheet. In a parallel arrangement, all of the N-termini of successive strands are oriented in the same direction; this orientation is slightly less stable because it introduces nonplanarity in the inter-strand hydrogen bonding pattern. eg. anti-parallel: β hairpin,Greek key parallel: Parallel β helicesHey guy, try to search more info on "Wiki" good luck!
2023-07-11 23:21:041

有哪些关于软装设计的名著

《设计模式》Aho, Alfred V., John E. Hopcroft, and Jeffrey D. Ullman. The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms. Addison-Wesley, 1974. The classic text, but it lacks topics in network flows and linear programming, as well as more recent algorithms.Aho, Alfred V., John E. Hopcroft, 与 Jeffrey D. Ullman. 《数据结构与算法》 Addison-Wesley, 1983. 是《计算机算法之设计与分析》前六章所改写的较基本版本。Aho, Alfred V., John E. Hopcroft, and Jeffrey D. Ullman. Data Structures and Algorithms. Addison-Wesley, 1983. Revised and more elementary version of the first six chapters of The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms.Baase, Sara. 《计算机算法:设计与分析导论,第二版》 Addison-Wesley, 1988. 一般参考书,尽管它的说明有时是精简或概要的。Baase, Sara. Computer Algorithms: Introduction to Design and Analysis. 2nd ed. Addison-Wesley, 1988. General reference, although the exposition is sometimes terse or sketchy.Bentley, Jon. 《程序设计明珠》 Addison-Wesley, 1986. 应用算法设计技巧在软件工程中。(Programming Pearls 繁体中文版, 译者:许鸣程,出版商:基峰,出版日期:2001-11-22,ISBN:9575668804)Bentley, Jon. Programming Pearls. Addison-Wesley, 1986. Applications of algorithm design techniques to software engineering.Bentley, Jon. 《更多的程序设计明珠》 Addison-Wesley, 1988. 更多算法设计在软件工程中的实用。Bentley, Jon. More Programming Pearls. Addison-Wesley, 1988. More applications of algorithm design techniques to software engineering.Bentley, Jon Louis. 《编写有效率的程序》 Prentice-Hall, 1982.对程序效能提升有特殊的助益。Bentley, Jon Louis. Writing Efficient Programs. Prentice-Hall, 1982. Performance hacking extraordinaire.Brassard, Gilles 与 Paul Bratley. 《算法:理论与实作》,Prentice-Hall, 1988. 很好的范例及习题,着重于方法而不是个别的问题。Brassard, Gilles and Paul Bratley. Algorithmics: Theory and Practice. Prentice-Hall, 1988. Good examples and problems. Focus on methods rather than specific problems.Chung, Kai Lai. 《基础概率理论与随机过程》,Springer-Verlag, 1974. 对概率作直觉性的介绍。Chung, Kai Lai. Elementary Probability Theory with Stochastic Processes. Springer-Verlag, 1974. Intuitive introduction to probability.Even, Shimon. 《图形算法》,Computer Science Press, 1979. 对图形算法有广泛的论述,包含了网络流量及平面图。Even, Shimon. Graph Algorithms. Computer Science Press, 1979. Broad treatment of graph algorithms, including network flow and planarity.希望可以帮到你点击我的ID,可以了解更多关于装修的知识
2023-07-11 23:21:141

请哪位高手帮忙用英语翻译一下这段话?论文急用!!!谢谢

"Streamline" the history of the other property is, that is a historical process, more precisely, from simple to complex human beings, from ignorance to mature. Think about why have a complex hieroglyphics, will simplify the step by step into a modern simplified text? Why did those ancient times as a realistic design with birds and animals, fish, snakes, etc., from the Neolithic onwards, will step by step into the abstract geometric patterns? This to simplify the complex, from realism to impressionism, from the concrete to the abstract of the process, not just with the "unconscious" or "the externalization of inner emotions," will be able to explain, she says. Simplify the process, in fact, reverse the process contains two phases: Images from the outside, it is from the complicated to the simple, from imitation to reproduce the abstract; and from the contained and symbolic sense, it is simple to the complex . Or that the information is conveyed from the simple to the complex ideas of feelings, from naive to mature. Form in accordance with the principles of the content of the decision to simplify the process of a historical fact, or that human beings by the simple to complex, from feeling to thinking, from ignorance to the process of civilization. In modernist art, the material manifestation of the absolute total immature, which makes the metaphor of art meaning and spiritual are blurred. In modern art, the image of the material is clearly weakening, and this requires drawing the spiritual eyes closed prominent. Mondrian, said: "Modern art paintings are increasingly aware of what needs planarity, in short, it does not become our ordinary understanding of the decorative arts. Oh, word order works of the past, such as the Byzantine mosaic mural, the ancient Chinese art, They are flat, but they are not the kind of sense of decorative painting. charm of these works is their great spirit of performance. we can observe around us in a realistic style, realistic body mass and physical presence , but this can only lead us to something from the material sense. "So said Bell, the real art of" significant form ", through" simplified "means to get. "There is no simplified, art can not exist, because only through simplification, can we have no means meant something a lot of things from the drawn out."
2023-07-11 23:21:211

高分悬赏!这个文章有点难不会翻译~求英语高手翻译!化学类文章,没有好心人帮我逐句翻译。翻译了还追加

才30分哪??????????
2023-07-11 23:21:436

有没有高手知道,SPE(Stochastic Proximity Embedding)该怎么翻译?只知道它是一种数据降维工具。

嵌入(SPE)随机接近:一种自组织原理建模的邻近数据我们现在嵌入(SPE)随机接近一种自组织算法,为生产意义的潜在维度从邻近的数据。SPE试图产生低维欧氏纵横的相似之处,最好的保存一组相关的观测结果。水印嵌入进行两两精致的迭代策略,试图保护本地几何同时保持一个最低的分离与远处的物体上。不同于以往的模式,我们的方法可以揭示其潜在的几何学的数据而不密集的最近邻或最短路径计算,何以真正的测地线距离,低维数据点,这些距离嵌入而不需要被估计的数据样本。更重要的是,该方法线性尺度点的数目,可应用于大量的数据集,是通过传统的嵌入程序顽固性。固相萃取技术可以应用于任何一个问题的非线性的复杂的原因在哪里等使用常规方法的主成分分析和多维的缩放,和那里的一个明智的接近措施,可以被定义。寻求一种水印的嵌入,因为它是一致的,与一组上部和下部距离界限,固相萃取技术也可以应用到一类重要距离几何问题包括构象分析、核磁共振结构鉴定、配体对接等。这样的话,基本的自组织算法推广到距离保护不仅inter-atomic界限也促使planarity手性约束共轭系统和正确的手性的立体,以及其他类型的约束具体手边问题的。当应用于构象分析,结果表明该方法所产生的几何形状,最大限度地减少优秀开始越来越多样化,积极有利的构象的小部分由家族技术所需要的时间。持续不断的努力在其他应用在结构化学和生物,将会被讨论。
2023-07-11 23:21:591

求推荐计算机名著,和计算机程序设计艺术一个级别的

Aho, Alfred V., John E. Hopcroft, and Jeffrey D. Ullman. The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms. Addison-Wesley, 1974. The classic text, but it lacks topics in network flows and linear programming, as well as more recent algorithms.Aho, Alfred V., John E. Hopcroft, 与 Jeffrey D. Ullman. 《数据结构与算法》 Addison-Wesley, 1983. 是《计算机算法之设计与分析》前六章所改写的较基本版本。Aho, Alfred V., John E. Hopcroft, and Jeffrey D. Ullman. Data Structures and Algorithms. Addison-Wesley, 1983. Revised and more elementary version of the first six chapters of The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms.Baase, Sara. 《计算机算法:设计与分析导论,第二版》 Addison-Wesley, 1988. 一般参考书,尽管它的说明有时是精简或概要的。Baase, Sara. Computer Algorithms: Introduction to Design and Analysis. 2nd ed. Addison-Wesley, 1988. General reference, although the exposition is sometimes terse or sketchy.Bentley, Jon. 《程序设计明珠》 Addison-Wesley, 1986. 应用算法设计技巧在软件工程中。(Programming Pearls 繁体中文版, 译者:许鸣程,出版商:基峰,出版日期:2001-11-22,ISBN:9575668804)Bentley, Jon. Programming Pearls. Addison-Wesley, 1986. Applications of algorithm design techniques to software engineering.Bentley, Jon. 《更多的程序设计明珠》 Addison-Wesley, 1988. 更多算法设计在软件工程中的实用。Bentley, Jon. More Programming Pearls. Addison-Wesley, 1988. More applications of algorithm design techniques to software engineering.Bentley, Jon Louis. 《编写有效率的程序》 Prentice-Hall, 1982.对程序效能提升有特殊的助益。Bentley, Jon Louis. Writing Efficient Programs. Prentice-Hall, 1982. Performance hacking extraordinaire.Brassard, Gilles 与 Paul Bratley. 《算法:理论与实作》,Prentice-Hall, 1988. 很好的范例及习题,着重于方法而不是个别的问题。Brassard, Gilles and Paul Bratley. Algorithmics: Theory and Practice. Prentice-Hall, 1988. Good examples and problems. Focus on methods rather than specific problems.Chung, Kai Lai. 《基础概率理论与随机过程》,Springer-Verlag, 1974. 对概率作直觉性的介绍。Chung, Kai Lai. Elementary Probability Theory with Stochastic Processes. Springer-Verlag, 1974. Intuitive introduction to probability.Even, Shimon. 《图形算法》,Computer Science Press, 1979. 对图形算法有广泛的论述,包含了网络流量及平面图。Even, Shimon. Graph Algorithms. Computer Science Press, 1979. Broad treatment of graph algorithms, including network flow and planarity.
2023-07-11 23:22:062

计算机编程常用英语

Data Structures 基本数据结构 Dictionaries 字典 Priority Queues 堆 Graph Data Structures 图 Set Data Structures 集合 Kd-Trees 线段树 Numerical Problems 数值问题 Solving Linear Equations 线性方程组 Bandwidth Reduction 带宽压缩 Matrix Multiplication 矩阵乘法 Determinants and Permanents 行列式 Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization 最值问题 Linear Programming 线性规划 Random Number Generation 随机数生成 Factoring and Primality Testing 因子分解/质数判定 Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic 高精度计算 Knapsack Problem 背包问题 Discrete Fourier Transform 离散Fourier变换 Combinatorial Problems 组合问题 Sorting 排序 Searching 查找 Median and Selection 中位数 Generating Permutations 排列生成 Generating Subsets 子集生成 Generating Partitions 划分生成 Generating Graphs 图的生成 Calendrical Calculations 日期 Job Scheduling 工程安排 Satisfiability 可满足性 Graph Problems -- polynomial 图论-多项式算法 Connected Components 连通分支 Topological Sorting 拓扑排序 Minimum Spanning Tree 最小生成树 Shortest Path 最短路径 Transitive Closure and Reduction 传递闭包 Matching 匹配 Eulerian Cycle / Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路 Edge and Vertex Connectivity 割边/割点 Network Flow 网络流 Drawing Graphs Nicely 图的描绘 Drawing Trees 树的描绘 Planarity Detection and Embedding 平面性检测和嵌入 Graph Problems -- hard 图论-NP问题 Clique 最大团 Independent Set 独立集 Vertex Cover 点覆盖 Traveling Salesman Problem 旅行商问题 Hamiltonian Cycle Hamilton回路 Graph Partition 图的划分 Vertex Coloring 点染色 Edge Coloring 边染色 Graph Isomorphism 同构 Steiner Tree Steiner树 Feedback Edge/Vertex Set 最大无环子图 Computational Geometry 计算几何 Convex Hull 凸包 Triangulation 三角剖分 Voronoi Diagrams Voronoi图 Nearest Neighbor Search 最近点对查询 Range Search 范围查询 Point Location 位置查询 Intersection Detection 碰撞测试 Bin Packing 装箱问题 Medial-Axis Transformation 中轴变换 Polygon Partitioning 多边形分割 Simplifying Polygons 多边形化简 Shape Similarity 相似多边形 Motion Planning 运动规划 Maintaining Line Arrangements 平面分割 Minkowski Sum Minkowski和 Set and String Problems 集合与串的问题
2023-07-11 23:22:151

我不会英语可以学习编程吗?

可以 在编程当中 用的是英语 但是你只要知道基本的英语知识就可以了 。重要的是你要了解那几个单词是什么作用 就比如简单的for next 循环 你可以不知道for 和 next什么意思 但是你要知道这是一个循环 还要知道怎么用 更好的是知道它的意思 可以增强你的理解 让你更深入 更通透 更直白一点 你会知道 这些变成为什么是这个作用 这一切都是有道理的 懂了吗 ? 学习编程的英语可以慢慢来 高级的编程教程书 最好是看全英文的 大学很多学校教的也是全英文的 (高档一点的大学 但是很多专业资料是英语的毋庸置疑)所以 尽量学好一点 绝对有好处 基础不好慢慢来 。 然后 。 你看着办吧 、
2023-07-11 23:22:2711

姜伯驹的所获荣誉

北京大学银质奖章(1956年)国家自然科学奖三等奖(1982年)国家自然科学奖二等奖(1987年)陈省身数学奖(1988年)何梁何利基金科学技术进步奖(1996年)第六届华罗庚数学奖(2002年11月)中华全国总工会的全国五一劳动奖章(2002年)第二届“北京市高等学校教学名师奖”(2006年)著作目录书籍方面《一笔画和邮递路线问题》(1962,1964,2002)《尼尔森不动点理论讲座》(美国数学会出版)(1983)《绳圈的数学》(1991年)《同调论》(2006年2月)《数学走进现代化学与生物》(姜伯驹/钱敏平/龚光鲁合著)(2007年3月)《古希腊名题与现代数学》(2007年9月)《数学的力量-----漫话数学的价值》《解析几何》论文方面《Lectures on Nielsen Fixed Point Theory》《AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS》《Commutativity and Wecken properties for fixed points on surfaces and 3-manifolds》《ESTIMATION OF THE NUMBER OF PERIODIC ORBITS》《FIXED POINTS OF SURFACE DIFFEOMORPHISMS》《MINIMAL SETS OF PERIODS FOR TORUS MAPS》《A SIMPLE PROOF THAT THE CONCORDANCE GROUP OF ALGEBRAICALLY SLICE KNOTS IS INFINITELY GENERATED》《Fixed Points and Braids.Ⅱ》《Fixed Points and Braids》《Nielsen theory for periodic orbits and applications to dynamical systems》《ACHIRALITY AND PLANARITY》《Bounds for fixed points on surfaces》
2023-07-11 23:22:531

电脑编程常用的术语有那些

cache 高速缓存 calendar 日历 call 调用 callback 回调 call-level interface (CLI)调用级接口(CLI) call operator 调用操作符 candidate key 候选键 (for database) cascading delete 级联删除 (for database) cascading update 级联更新 (for database) casting 转型、造型转换 catalog 目录 chain 链(function calls) character 字符 character format 字符格式 character set 字符集 CHECK constraints CHECK约束 (for database) checkpoint 检查点 (for database) check box 复选框 check button 复选按钮 child class 子类 CIL (common intermediate language)通用中间语言、通用中介语言 class 类 class declaration 类声明 class definition 类定义 class derivation list 类继承列表 class factory 类厂 class hierarchy 类层次结构 class library 类库 class loader 类装载器 class template 类模板 class template partial specializations 类模板部分特化 class template specializations 类模板特化 classification 分类 clause 子句 client application 客户端应用程序 client cursor 客户端游标 (for database) code page 代码页 cleanup 清理、清除 CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) 通用语言基础设施 client 客户、客户端 client area 客户区 client-server 客户机/服务器、客户端/服务器 clipboard 剪贴板 clone 克隆 CLS (common language specification) 通用语言规范 code access security 代码访问安全 COFF (Common Object File Format) 通用对象文件格式 collection 集合 COM (Component Object Model) 组件对象模型 combo box 组合框 command line 命令行 comment 注释 commit 提交 (for database) communication 通讯 compatible 兼容 compile time 编译期、编译时 compiler 编译器 component组件 composite index 复合索引、组合索引 (for database) composite key 复合键、组合键 (for database) composition 复合、组合 concept 概念 concrete具体的 concrete class 具体类 concurrency 并发、并发机制 constraint 约束 (for database) configuration 配置、组态 connection 连接 (for database) connection pooling 连接池 console 控制台 constant 常量 construct 构件、成分、概念、构造(for language) constructor (ctor) 构造函数、构造器 container 容器 containment包容 context 环境、上下文 control 控件
2023-07-11 23:23:092

能不能帮我下两篇SPIE的文献~着急在线等

已上传附件。
2023-07-11 23:23:291

软件专业术语

Data Structures基本数据结构Dictionaries字典Priority Queues堆Graph Data Structures图Set Data Structures集合Kd-Trees线段树Numerical Problems数值问题Solving Linear Equations线性方程组Bandwidth Reduction带宽压缩Matrix Multiplication矩阵乘法Determinants and Permanents行列式Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization最值问题Linear Programming线性规划Random Number Generation随机数生成Factoring and Primality Testing因子分解/质数判定Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic高精度计算Knapsack Problem背包问题Discrete Fourier Transform离散Fourier变换Combinatorial Problems组合问题Sorting排序Searching查找Median and Selection中位数Generating Permutations排列生成Generating Subsets子集生成Generating Partitions划分生成Generating Graphs图的生成Calendrical Calculations日期Job Scheduling工程安排Satisfiability可满足性Graph Problems -- polynomial图论-多项式算法Connected Components连通分支Topological Sorting拓扑排序Minimum Spanning Tree最小生成树Shortest Path最短路径Transitive Closure and Reduction传递闭包Matching匹配Eulerian Cycle / Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路Edge and Vertex Connectivity割边/割点Network Flow网络流Drawing Graphs Nicely图的描绘Drawing Trees树的描绘Planarity Detection and Embedding平面性检测和嵌入Graph Problems -- hard图论-NP问题Clique最大团Independent Set独立集Vertex Cover点覆盖Traveling Salesman Problem旅行商问题Hamiltonian Cycle Hamilton回路Graph Partition图的划分Vertex Coloring点染色Edge Coloring边染色Graph Isomorphism同构Steiner Tree Steiner树Feedback Edge/Vertex Set最大无环子图Computational Geometry计算几何Convex Hull凸包Triangulation三角剖分Voronoi Diagrams Voronoi图Nearest Neighbor Search最近点对查询Range Search范围查询Point Location位置查询Intersection Detection碰撞测试Bin Packing装箱问题Medial-Axis Transformation中轴变换Polygon Partitioning多边形分割Simplifying Polygons多边形化简Shape Similarity相似多边形Motion Planning运动规划Maintaining Line Arrangements平面分割Minkowski Sum Minkowski和Set and String Problems集合与串的问题Set Cover集合覆盖Set Packing集合配置String Matching模式匹配Approximate String Matching模糊匹配Text Compression压缩Cryptography密码Finite State Machine Minimization有穷自动机简化Longest Common Substring最长公共子串Shortest Common Superstring最短公共父串DP——Dynamic Programming——动态规划recursion ——递归
2023-07-11 23:23:561

oldmacdonaldhadafarm

1,老麦当劳有个农场,咿呀咿呀噢! 他的农场里有只小鸡,咿呀咿呀噢! 在这里咯咯叫,和在那里咯咯叫! 这里咯一声,那里咯一声,到处咯咯叫! 老麦当劳有个农场,咿呀咿呀噢! 2,老麦当劳有个农场,咿呀咿呀噢! 他的农场里有只牛,咿呀咿呀噢! 在这里哞哞叫,和在那里哞哞叫! 这里哞一声,那里哞一声,到处哞哞叫! 老麦当劳有个农场,咿呀咿呀噢! 3,老麦当劳有个农场,咿呀咿呀噢! 他的农场里有只鸭,咿呀咿呀噢! 在这里嘎嘎叫,和在那里嘎嘎叫! 这里嘎一声,那里嘎一声,到处嘎嘎叫! 老麦当劳有个农场,咿呀咿呀噢! 4,老麦当劳有个农场,咿呀咿呀噢! 他的农场里有只猪,咿呀咿呀噢! 在这里噢咽叫,和在那里噢咽叫! 这里噢咽一声,那里噢咽一声,到处噢咽叫! 老麦当劳有个农场,咿呀咿呀噢! Macdonald[mu0259ku02c8du0254nu0259ld] 欢迎追问哦!
2023-07-11 23:23:181

拳击级别划分

职业拳击比赛有17个级别分别是:1、Heavyweight(201磅以上)重量级(91.25公斤级以上)。2、Cruiserweight(200磅)次重量级(90.8公斤级)。3、Light Heavyweight(175磅)轻重量级(79.45公斤级)。4、Super Middleweight(168磅)超中量级(76.27公斤级)。5、Middleweight(160磅)中量级(72.64公斤级)。6、Junior Middleweight,Super Welterweight(154磅)超次中量级(69.91公斤级)。7、Welterweight(147磅)次中量级(66.74公斤级)。8、Junior Welterweight,Super Lightweight(140磅)初中量级/超轻量级(63.56公斤级)。9、Lightweight(135磅)轻量级(61.29公斤级)。10、Junior Lightweight,Super Featherweight(130磅)次轻量级/超羽量级(59.02公斤级)。11、Featherweight(126磅)羽量级(57.2公斤级)。12、Junior Featherweight,Super Bantamweight(122磅)超最轻量级(55公斤级)。13、Bantamweight(118磅)最轻量级(53.57公斤级)。14、Junior Bantamweight,Super Flyweight(115磅)超次最轻量级(52.21公斤级)。15、Flyweight(112磅)次最轻量级,蝇量级(50.84公斤级)。16、Junior Flyweight,Light Flyweight(108磅)最次轻量级(49.03公斤级)17、Mini Flyweight,Minimum Weight(105磅)迷你轻量级(48公斤级)。拳击介绍:拳击不能简单理解为戴拳击手套进行的对抗运动项目。古典古希腊和罗马时代始于裸拳对抗发展为皮革带缠手加固,现代拳击始于法律禁止持剑决斗,仍然是裸拳对抗。直到拳击学会将手套引入拳击比赛必须遵守的规则。狭义是戴拳击手套进行格斗的运动项目。它既有业余的(也称奥运拳击)也有职业性质的比赛。比赛的目标是要比对方获得更多的分以战胜对方或者将对方打倒而结束比赛。与此同时比赛者要力图避开对方的打击。拳击被称为“勇敢者的运动”。早在古希腊和罗马时代有着许多有关拳击的记载。在古代奥运中,拳击运动就已经是比赛项目之一。到第三届在圣路易斯举行的现代夏季奥运会,男子拳击正式被列入比赛项目。
2023-07-11 23:23:181

苏州双色球一等奖到哪里领

江苏省体彩中心(南京)彩票后面不是有电话号码嘛
2023-07-11 23:23:195

swollen members的《heat》 歌词

歌曲名:heat歌手:swollen members专辑:heavyWho else you think this is? It"s just usI don"t wanna tell you again so just trustWho make the moves, makin the bucks and bring the heatso bake that it"s shakin your truck?(Let it go) Back up in it, you cats are timidMad got the axe and the track is spinnin"Cadillac, black and tinted, freak occurrenceLittle rim caps swim laps in the rap occurrent(This is it) I flow with heroic poetsmy influence will ruin what you"re doin"I"m flowin"The tyrant"s back, I"m quiet as a riot is -my mind"s a violent environmentBangin" anger bang us, it"s awfully graphiccatastrophic topics for target practiceReestablish the elaborate labyrinth of havoc that"s unmatchedthe dukes of hazardFifty grand on each hand, manGot people movin" like American BandstandBang! Bang! My whole crowd"s rowdyNine hundred thousand pals styles arousin"Who else you think it is? It"s just usI don"t wanna tell you again so just trustWho make the moves, makin the bucks and bring the heatso bake that it"s shakin your truck?Who else you think this is? It"s just usI don"t wanna tell you again so just trustWho make the moves, makin the bucks and bring the heatso bake that it"s shakin your truck?I"m back with the title, it"s mega hitsCuz I got my shit together like Lego bricksI"m never half-assin", I"m grabbin" the cashMy rap"s happen, it"s natural I"m laughin" to rapCannon ball through the back of your shackSanta Monica to Panama, I"m smashin" the gasIn the fast car, NASCAR, hats to the backI ain"t tryin" to take (?), what else do that?I"m not concerned with what you dofuck all that regular shit, I"m too cuckooAnything I want it, I snatch it and jetas the type for destruction we smashin" that shitI got license, who"s the nicest?Know the men from the mices (?)Give me 10 fuck what the price isStretch that Benz, we set them trendswith my partners, so Ma you better get them friendsWho else you think it is? It"s just usI don"t wanna tell you again so just trustWho make the moves, makin the bucks and bring the heatso bake that it"s shakin your truck?Who else you think this is? It"s just usI don"t wanna tell you again so just trustWho make the moves, makin the bucks and bring the heatso bake that it"s shakin your truck?Swollen make her shake what she got. Ain"t know thembetter to make the heat hotCome and get some of this heat that we gotGotta get off the wall and make the beat dropSwollen make her shake what she got. Ain"t know thembetter to make the heat hotCome and get some of the heat that we gotGotta get off the wall and make the beat dropDeep waters and torrential rainthe essential potentials of a hurricaneNatural disasters, smash and bangI"ve got an overhauled engine and a faster frameI don"t lose races, so wave the checkeredfinal lap, Battle Axe, play the recordI"m kickin" it to chicks, you"re kickin" rockersHungry pack of wolves lickin" their chopsWe"re the same in this game, except that we won"t stopwhich is insane when you think about how much we wantMy train of thought is runaway with no conductor;my verse is a box-cutter, stuck in your gut sucker"All Killer No Filler" like Sum 41where I"m from, where I"m at, livin" life in the sunWe make no apologies, take no prisonerslyrics of fury, rippin" for the listenerWho else you think it is? It"s just usI don"t wanna tell you again so just trustWho make the moves, makin the bucks and bring the heatso bake that it"s shakin your truck?Who else you think this is? It"s just usI don"t wanna tell you again so just trustWho make the moves, makin the bucks and bring the heatso bake that it"s shakin your truck?Shake what she got, make the heat hot, shake what wegot, make the beat dropSwollen make her shake what she got, ain"t know "embetter to make the heat hotCome and get some of this heat that we gotGot get off the wall and we make the beat drophttp://music.baidu.com/song/14118835
2023-07-11 23:23:211

party是什么意思

意思:1、作名词意思是“政党,党派;聚会,派对;当事人”,2、作不及物动词意思是“参加社交聚会”。发音:英[u02c8pɑu02d0ti];美[u02c8pɑu02d0rti]。双语例句:1、Both you and he can go to the party.你和他都能去参加那个聚会。2、What do we do at this party?我们要在宴会里做什么?3、Where do you have the party? At home.你在哪儿开这个聚会啊?在家里。
2023-07-11 23:23:221

马黛茶适合老人饮用吗?哪一个是阿根廷原产品牌?

我觉得如果是老人喝的茶,首选红茶。因为他大量和长期饮用红茶,对胃部,肠道都是一种温不暖阳的作用。至于外国的原产茶品牌。不见得比中国的就好。
2023-07-11 23:23:261

为什么mango的复数加es,不加S,是特殊的吗

有生命的o结尾加es如heroes; tomatoes; potatoes; mangoes无生命的o结尾加s如zoos; pianos; radios等
2023-07-11 23:23:292

区分一下for the first time 和at the first time 的区别,谢谢

aatthefirsttime
2023-07-11 23:23:294

Jonas Brothers的《Year 3000》 歌词

歌曲名:Year 3000歌手:Jonas Brothers专辑:It S About Time 年少轻狂Year 3000jonas brothersOne day when I came home at lunchtime I heard a funny noiseWent out to the back yard to find out if it was one of those rowdy boysStood there with my neighbor called Pete and a Flux CapacitorHe told me he built a time machineLike one in a film I"ve seenYeah he saidI"ve been to the year 3000Not much has changed but they lived under waterAnd your great great great grand daughterIs doing fine (doing fine)He took me to the future in the flux thing, and I saw everythingBoy bands and another one and another one and another oneGirls there with round hair like Star Wars float above the floorWe drove around in a time machineLike the one in the film I"ve seenYeah he saidHe said I"ve been to the year 3000Not much has changed but they lived under waterAnd your great great great grand daughterIs doing fine (she"s doing fine)I took a trip to the year 3000This song had gone multi-platinumEverybody bought our 7th albumIt had outsold kelly clarksonI took a trip to the year 3000This song had gone multi-platinumEverybody bought our 7th albumHe told me he built a time machineLike the one in a film I"ve seenYeahI"ve been to the year 3000Not much has changed but they lived under waterAnd your great great great grand daughterIs doing fine (doing fine)He said I"ve been to the year 3000Not much has changed but they lived under waterAnd your great great great grand daughterIs doing fine (doing fine).He said I"ve been to the year 3000Not much has changed but they lived under waterAnd your great great great grand daughterIs doing fine (she"s doing fine)He said I"ve been to the year 3000Not much has changed but they lived under waterAnd your great great great grand daughterIs doing fine ( doing fine)http://music.baidu.com/song/1237275
2023-07-11 23:23:351

at the first time和for the first time有什么区别?

at the first time和for the first time的区别为:意思不同、用法不同、侧重点不同。一、意思不同1.at the first time意思:第一次2.for the first time意思:最初二、用法不同1.at the first time用法:意为“第一(个、批),头一〔几〕个”,常和定冠词连用。作“一点也不”解时,常用于否定句中。2.for the first time用法:作形容词一般修饰单数名词,修饰有few或数词修饰的复数名词时是把复数名词看作一个整体。first与基数词连用时,一般置于基数词前,但first引起的固定词组则应置于基数词之后。三、侧重点不同1.at the first time侧重点:at the first time仅仅是指出时间顺序,一般情况下已有多件同类型的事件发生过,而此处仅仅表明指的是第一次发生的时候,并没有那么强调“独一无二”。2.for the first time侧重点:for the first time强调的是前所未有,有些暗示开天辟地的意思。
2023-07-11 23:23:371

fridayisgoodatsports改为一般疑问句?

Is Friday good at sports 一般疑问句?
2023-07-11 23:23:376

香丹清广告跳舞的那个音乐原版是什么歌?

刚好有,点我的头像
2023-07-11 23:23:392

次轻量级别的拳击比赛是多少公斤

体重为58.5KG
2023-07-11 23:23:392

拳击的公斤级怎么区别?60公斤级是60公斤吗?

职业拳击分为17个级别1)Heavyweight (over 190 lbs.)重量级(86公斤级以上)   (2)Cruiserweight (190 lbs.)次重量级(86公斤级)   (3)Light Heavyweight (175 lbs.)轻重量级(79公斤级)   (4)Super Middleweight (168 lbs.)超中量级(76公斤级)   (5)Middleweight (160 lbs.)中量级(73公斤级)   (6)Junior Middleweight/Super Welterweight (154 lbs.)初中量级/超次中量级 (70公斤级)   (7)Welterweight (147 lbs.)次中量级 (67公斤级)   (8)Junior Welterweight/Super Lightweight (140 lbs.)初次中量级/超轻量级 (64公斤级)   (9)Lightweight (135 lbs.)轻量级(61公斤级)   (10)Junior Lightweight/Super Featherweight (130 lbs.)初轻量级/超次轻量级 (59公斤级)   (11)Featherweight (126 lbs.)次轻量级 (57公斤级)   (12)Junior Featherweight/Super Bantamweight (122 lbs.)超最轻量级(55公斤级)   (13)Bantamweight (118 lbs.)最轻量级(53公斤级)   (14)Junior Bantamweight/Super Flyweight (115 lbs.)超次最轻量级(52公斤级)   (15)Flyweight (112 lbs.)次最轻量级(50公斤级)   (16)Junior Flyweight/Light Flyweight (108 lbs.)最次轻量级(49公斤级)   (17)Mini Flyweight/Minimum Weight (105 lbs.)迷你轻量级(48公斤级) 你说的60公斤属于轻量级,只要体重在61公斤以下就行,当然如果你60公斤也能参加重量级比赛,但是你不能挑战级别比你低的比如迷你轻量级(48公斤级)
2023-07-11 23:23:461

party是什么意思

party 英[u02c8pɑ:ti] 美[u02c8pɑ:rti] n. 当事人; 社交聚会; 党,党派; 同类,伙伴; v. 为…举行社交聚会; 为…请客; 参加社交聚会; adj. 政党的,党派的; 社交的,聚会的; 共有的,共同的; [例句]The couple met at a party那对情侣是在一个派对上认识的。[其他] 第三人称单数:parties 复数:parties 现在分词:partying 过去式:partied过去分词:partied
2023-07-11 23:23:481

Friday is good at play sports为什么play不是ing形式?

play sports是个固定搭配
2023-07-11 23:23:523

hide out or ride out 歌词

歌曲名:hide out or ride out歌手:Juvenile专辑:solja ragsI strike a loadyou get served like we toke withfake busta get smoked withaproach itI explode itunload itreload itunload againand pull another left handfifty shots to wini can"t lose its impossibleplus i got a chopper fifty shots about to droppin" youi be "bout strings hittin" the beef gigga headthen leave the set, leave a beef gigga wetjetoff the scene with the uptown fighterred dot sightersall week night flightersi"m a get ya", when ya" least expect itcock the glock jacketa vest can"t protect itboy, is ya" readyi"ll leave yo" set wettedslugs flyin" high, got yo" body real heavyyou can"t move, ya" got buffnow your stuckleft Wayne on the set, and yo" boys to pick you upout coldhead swolleyes closedi know for sureyou ain"t gon" test me no moreyo" block toreyo" family in black clothesyou got blowedand in ya chest is many holesthis goesfor Lataranza Elmoi showhow uptown niggas rollya" big boy, me and my niggas did it to yaautomatic, black chopper trigger pullin"that"s how we beloadin" clips then releaseeight deepin the three-hundred Eleather seatsand in the trunk artilleryup the streetswhere i started sure ain"t for meJuvenilethe B.G.that"s the name I go bytest meyou die S Kangol Yhide outat the club, slide outride outyo" block "bout to die outmove ya" peoplei"m burnin" down the whole streetsthe night creepers"bout to heat our enemieslights off masks on, creep silenselights gonewe done left yo" block wiredretaliatewaitno your not boy"cuz i"m a Hot Boynine milli cock boychopper gunnin"hoes scared of slugs, runnin"start movin", me and Juve (Juvenile) e be comin"we left yo" brain sickup with a chopper (A.K. 47) splittin" the bricksa young black crucifixup in the dirt i be knockin" dickssmooth and beretically, my pocketsrocketto six figuresand polverizin" niggaspullin"A.K."s and two triggersmy potn"s stand on the side of methey only come out at nightthem deamons got me on a flightduck tapin" and takin" lifeor even worseit could be three O"clock, on a Sunday by churchyo" brains might have to burstyou shouldn"t have fucked with me firstsince them bullets was cappin"adam"s apples i"m scoutin"got richer penintentiary wardfor the national guard to come get "emvery seldom do you see me, when you dowhat do you dobust back, better be a head shotif not it"s youi"m comin" around the corner"bout to pulla meatball on ya"purses like a coatand them houses in calicoon a murderfifty G"s (grand) on his headwhat ht fuck did you saidfifty G"s (grands) for surethat nigga live next doorcall the manlet the sucker planlook, i fuck with this rap shit, but i ask "em don"t say no morea Hot Boy representin" this bitch like black and MoeI start to poppin"niggas start to droppin"i"m havin" fatal thoughts,i think i"m fuckin" shell shockin"niggas bangin"four-five ringin"in my ear, i"m not scared"cuz i"m a solja and solja"s have no fuckin" fearin my sleep at nighti"m seeing war fightswakin" up thinkin" that a nigga took my fuckin" lifeunnecessary shitmind clickin" like a light switchto pick you up on any nigga or any bitchdon"t give a fucksteady bangin" and dodgin"camoulflagin"with the mack alive anddon"t have time for these dog hoesgoin" through a stage with that chop (Chopper) and that four-fourWhat"s this shit i hear "bout you boys potna"s in crimeif that"s true i"ll punish you bitches for the last timenow you gon" shine?let me put somethin" on ya" mindlil" cowards takin" hitsand protecting shitit"s a for sure thangi"m a brangor i"m a wet yabest to be "bout yo" business, if not, God bless yalook, what makes you think that two-two-six wasn"t strongthat"s when we do ya wrongthey both come and they goneoff-toppersi"m a get with you and ya" potna"s (patners)T.C., L.D., and Williard street with choppersdrama hittin" a niggas cashwe play it right thoughi"m comin" to get a niggas asslike i"m them white folkslook, better be "bout itif not better be rowdyit"s all in yo" mind, ha?you gon" shine, ha?i doubt ithttp://music.baidu.com/song/14495360
2023-07-11 23:23:141

for the first time和at the first time的区别是什么?

at the first time和for the first time的区别为:意思不同、用法不同、侧重点不同。一、意思不同1.at the first time意思:第一次2.for the first time意思:最初二、用法不同1.at the first time用法:意为“第一(个、批),头一〔几〕个”,常和定冠词连用。作“一点也不”解时,常用于否定句中。2.for the first time用法:作形容词一般修饰单数名词,修饰有few或数词修饰的复数名词时是把复数名词看作一个整体。first与基数词连用时,一般置于基数词前,但first引起的固定词组则应置于基数词之后。三、侧重点不同1.at the first time侧重点:at the first time仅仅是指出时间顺序,一般情况下已有多件同类型的事件发生过,而此处仅仅表明指的是第一次发生的时候,并没有那么强调“独一无二”。2.for the first time侧重点:for the first time强调的是前所未有,有些暗示开天辟地的意思。
2023-07-11 23:23:121

双色球是真的是假的?中个大奖就这么难吗?我在这个单位是一分钟也呆不下去了,好想中个大奖,明年初拿了

听说哦,包括体彩,中的都是内部人,停卖时间和开奖时间差几小时,其他我都不多说了,估计你也明白了
2023-07-11 23:23:102

有关丽江的英语介绍

丽江介绍了,挺简单的。貌似只要是城市介绍都不难^_^(Chinese: 丽江市; pinyin: Lìjiāngshì) refers to an administrative division comprising of urban and rural areas in northwestern Yunnan Province, People"s Republic of China. Its population is 1,100,000. The famous "Lijiang old town" (as it is commonly known) is more correctly called the Dayan old town (大研古镇).Lijiang City is a fairly large geographical area that comprises one district (the old town district) and four counties, including the Liijang new town, Dayan old town, Shuhe old town (束河古镇), Baisha old town (白沙古镇), and parts of the Tiger Leaping Gorge.The Lijiang old town has a history going back more than 800 years and was once a confluence for trade along the old tea horse road. The Lijiang old town is famous for its orderly system of waterways and bridges. It has been called the "Venice of the East".The old town of Lijiang differs from other ancient Chinese cities in architecture, history and the culture of its traditional residents the Naxi people, therefore people there are called 胖金哥 and 胖金妹 (male and female respectively).One third of the town was destroyed by an earthquake in February 1996.Lijiang old town (including Dayan, Baisha and Shuhe) was registered on the UNESCO World Heritage List in December 4, 1997. Since then, the local government has taken more responsibility for the development and protection of the old city. Lijiang"s tourism also boomed, and travellers from around the world flooded in; although many locals fear that due to much of the development, the old town of Lijiang will lose its appeal.Recently, the government has started to develop additional "old city" sections adjacent to the site of the original old city. This is to accommodate the large number of tourists, particularly Han Chinese, who walk the cobblestone streets (cars are not allowed in the old city), typically as part of package tours. Evenings in the old city can be particularly rowdy, not least due to the many outdoor bars, where boisterous groups of tourists try to "out sing" other groups.
2023-07-11 23:23:071

马黛茶的成分?

科别:冬青科别名:巴拉圭草英文名:YerbaMateherb学名:Ilexparaguarensis利用部位:叶产地:南美特性:马黛是冬青科大叶冬青近似的一种多年生木本植物,学名是Ilexparaguaynensis,通常都称为巴拉圭草,一般株同3—6米,树叶翠绿,呈椭圆形,枝叶间开雪白小花。每年的4—8月,是阿根廷马黛茶丰收的季节。远古的南美洲人把绿叶和嫩芽采摘下来,经过晾晒、分拣后就冲泡饮用,后来又多了烘烤、发酵和研磨等工序,就逐渐演变成今天芳香可口的马黛茶。随着科技文明的进步发展,现在已经看不到土制的马黛茶。市面上销售的马黛茶除了散装,还有不同分量的单位包装和袋泡包装。成品的马黛茶呈翠绿或浅翠绿的碎末状,味有点苦涩。商家在马黛茶中加入草莓、苹果、柠檬、橙子等不同的水果味以满足不同消费者的口味。还有各种以马黛茶为主要成分的药茶,如改善睡眠的,镇痛的,止泻的等等。
2023-07-11 23:23:061

我是一只丑小鸭,咿呀咿呀哟,歌曲名字是什么?

根据一首英文歌改编的:Old MacDonald Had A Farm(老麦克唐纳有个农场) 顺便附上歌词呵呵~ Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm he had some Chicks. E-I-E-I-O. With a chick-chick here. And a chick-chick there. Here a chick. There a chick. Everywhere a chick. Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O. Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm he had some cows. E-I-E-I-O. With a moo-moo here. And a moo-moo there. Here a moo. There a moo. Everywhere a moo-moo. Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O. Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm he had some ducks. E-I-E-I-O. With a quack-quack here. And a quack-quack there. Here a quack. There a moo. Everywhere a quack-quack. Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O. Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm he had some pigs. E-I-E-I-O. With a oink-oink there. And a oink-oink there. Here a oink, there a oink. Everywhere a oink-baa. Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O. Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O. And on that farm he had some dogs. E-I-E-I-O. With a bow-bow here. And a bow-bow there. Here a bow. There a bow. Everywhere a bow-bow. Old Macdonald had a farm. E-I-E-I-O.
2023-07-11 23:23:022

德国bikeahead轮组和lightweight轮组哪个轻

德国品牌Lightweight一直以来都是轻量,刚性,昂贵轮组的象征。但是,很快这些标签就要属于澳大利亚的一家车轮制造商了
2023-07-11 23:23:016

马黛茶的功效与作用及禁忌

  1、马黛茶的功效与作用   (1)提神安神:马黛茶解决了提神醒脑和睡眠质量的矛盾,从调节神经入手,使人体生物钟调整到最佳状态,提神而不亢奋,适宜脑力工作者饮用。   (2)清肠解腻:马黛茶富含11种多酚类物质,能显著改善人体内环境,清肠去脂解油腻,是阿根廷人佐食烤肉的绝佳饮品。   (3)轻体养肤:马黛茶能补充人体所需要的多种不饱和脂肪酸,促进人体新陈代谢,长期饮用可轻体瘦身、美容养颜,是韩国演艺明星保持体型的“神秘武器”。   (4)降脂降压:马黛茶中富含多种不饱和脂肪酸可显著降低血脂,调节血压,赋予了以肉类为主食的阿根廷国民最优良的血液品质。   2、禁忌:在大量饮用马黛茶的国家,患咽喉癌和食道癌的人较多,同时由于马黛茶与酒精同饮会提高致癌危险,因此很多人怀疑马黛茶中含有致癌物质。但有种说法则是,由于传统的饮茶方法是在炉火上加热金属容器来烧茶饮用,而直接饮用高温的茶会导致口腔和食道发生炎症进而致癌。虽然至今仍未发现确切的致癌物质,但有研究表示喝马黛茶与肾脏癌和肺癌有可能有联系,所以并不能断定不喝热茶就没问题了。因此,还请适量饮用马黛茶,不要大量饮用。
2023-07-11 23:22:591

歌词里有goyoumikexiaxiaxiaxia女生唱的

Shout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysWe rowdyShout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysWe rowdyShout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysWe rowdyShout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysBangarang! BangarangShout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysWe rowdyShout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysBangarang!Shout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysBangarang! Take me underBangarang Sh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysShout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysWe rowdyWe rowdyShout to all my lost boysShout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysSh-sh-sh-sh-sh-shout to all my lost boysWe rowdyWe rowdyShout to all my lost boysBangarang! Take me underTake me underBangarangBangarang
2023-07-11 23:22:581

for the first time的时态

for the first time可以用多种时态,有:一般过去时、一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等。 扩展资料   For the first time he was able to speak freely without the fear of reprisals against his family.   他第一次能够直言不讳而不怕家人遭到报复。   For the first time, a woman will be the keynoter at the convention this year.   在今年的大会上将首次由一位女士当主要发言人。   For the first time the government"s actually put some money up front   政府居然预付了一笔钱,这可是有史以来第一次。   Streams had run dry for the first time in memory.   记忆中,小溪第一次干涸了。   For the first time in many years, I got carded.   这么多年来,头一回有人要我出示身份证。
2023-07-11 23:22:541

喝马黛茶排绿色的粪便怎么回事

马黛茶的茶水是墨绿色。水质偏硬或TDS指标高,冲泡时间一久,马黛茶的茶水就容易变?墨绿色,所以喝马黛茶会排绿色的粪便。马黛茶,全名耶巴马黛茶,是西班牙语YERBAMATE的译音,是冬青科大叶多年生木本植物,马黛树一般株高12-16米,野生的可达20米,树叶翠绿,呈椭圆形,枝叶间开雪白小花,生长于南美洲。
2023-07-11 23:22:521

复活节的传统食物

最特色的就是复活节彩蛋了~
2023-07-11 23:22:526

party什么意思

聚会
2023-07-11 23:22:523

吵闹的意思吵闹的意思是什么

吵闹的词语解释是:吵闹chǎonào。(1)大声争吵;声音杂乱。(2)搅扰;扰乱。吵闹的词语解释是:吵闹chǎonào。(1)大声争吵;声音杂乱。(2)搅扰;扰乱。词性是:动词。结构是:吵(左右结构)闹(半包围结构)。注音是:ㄔㄠˇㄋㄠ_。拼音是:chǎonào。吵闹的具体解释是什么呢,我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍:一、引证解释【点此查看计划详细内容】⒈喧哗,喧嚷。引《敦煌变文集·董永变文》:“人生在世审思量,暂时吵闹有何方(妨)。”《再生缘》第十四回:“忽听外边人吵闹,__响,锣声几棒近墙门。”曹禺《日出》第二幕:“门内有一阵说笑声,顾八奶奶推开左面的门,麻雀牌和吵闹的声音更响。”⒉争吵。引《儒林外史》第二三回:“牛玉圃上前同他吵闹。”《红楼梦》第十九回:“只听宝玉房中一片声嚷,吵闹起来。”老舍《骆驼祥子》十四:“打牌的人们以为刘四爷又和个车夫吵闹,依旧不肯抬头看看。”二、国语词典争吵,发生口角。三、网络解释吵闹(变形金刚角色)吵闹(Brawl)是登场于《变形金刚》中的虚拟角色,是狂派官兵之一,铁骑军/战车队(Combaticons)成员。吵闹变形后是一架M1改装的主战坦克,加装了反坦克导弹、双炮塔、扫雷犁等配件。其于变1真人电影以及系列动画中均登场。吵闹(词语释义)吵闹,汉语词汇。拼音:chǎonào释义:1、喧哗,喧嚷。2、争吵反义词:安静,安然,恬静,恬然,恬谧,恬淡近义词:聒噪,吵闹,喧闹,喧哗关于吵闹的近义词哗闹争辩喧嚣呐喊斗嘴喧闹聒噪喧斗忙乱叫喊关于吵闹的反义词恬静恬然恬谧安然寂静恬淡嘟囔宁静幽静安静关于吵闹的诗句吵闹不止;关于吵闹的单词rowdyrowsilentloudnoisy关于吵闹的成语吵吵闹闹热闹非凡伯道无儿寻争寻闹小打小闹关于吵闹的词语五鬼闹判寻衅闹事胡行乱闹闹中取静无理取闹伯道无儿关于吵闹的造句1、应该多一些美妙的音符,少一些吵闹的噪音;人生如一幅画,应该多一些色彩,少一些黑白。2、大家都在午休,你们不要大声吵闹。3、教室里,同学们一片吵闹声,快把房顶翻了。4、他总是在上课时吵闹,干扰大家听讲。5、夫妻两人经常为一些生活小事吵闹不休。点此查看更多关于吵闹的详细信息
2023-07-11 23:22:501

双色球,是骗人的吗?老是听别人说,不可信!!

双色球的办公室主任全部坐牢了,这点就可以看出来做不做假了
2023-07-11 23:22:4813

For The First Time 歌词

歌曲名:For The First Time歌手:Kenny Loggins专辑:Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow - The Greatest Hits Of Kenny LogginsKenny LogginsFor The First TimeAre those your eyes, is that your smileI"ve been lookin at you foreverBut I never saw you beforeAre these your hands holdin" mineNow I wonder how I could of been so blindFor the first time I am looking in your eyesFor the first time I"m seein" who you areI can"t believe how much I seeWhen you"re lookin back at meNow I understand why love is.......Love is.....for the first time.....Can this be real, can this be trueAm I the person I was this morningAnd are you the same youIt"s all so strange how can it beAll along this love was right in front of meFor the first time I am looking in your eyesFor the first time I"m seein who you areI can"t believe how much I seeWhen you"re lookin back at meNow I understand why love is.......Love is.....for the first time.....Such a long time agoI had given up on findin" this emotion..ever againBut you live with me nowYes I"ve found you some howAnd I"VE never been so sureAnd for the first time I am looking in your eyesFor the first time I"m seein" who you areCan"t believe how much I seeWhen you"re lookin back at meNow I understand why love is.......Love is.....for the first time.....http://music.baidu.com/song/9327718
2023-07-11 23:22:471