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为什么有些飞机有很长的烟有些很短?

2023-07-13 08:57:11
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白天温度高,空气湿度大,但是不饱和,然后到了黄昏,降温,湿度饱和了,就会有尾烟.早上虽然温度低,但是经过一个寒冷的夜晚,湿度比较低,而且升温的过程湿度是不会饱和的.
只有当喷气式飞机在-20℃以下的气层中飞行时,且空气湿度接近或达到饱和,同时大气比较稳定时才能产生尾烟,即尾迹云.
尾迹云形成的原理是:当喷式飞机在相当冷且水汽含量较大的高空飞行,飞机尾部喷出的热气在低温高湿的空气中遇冷凝结形成云带.还一种产生尾迹云的过程是:飞机在接近饱和的空气中飞行,螺旋桨和机翼的顶端附近空气因动力降压而绝热冷却产生凝结,但这种情况比较少见.
一般来说在10000米至7000米的高度上飞机容易形成尾迹云,超过这个范围,飞机就不会产生“拉烟”现象了.
 日常生活中,我们常常可以看到飞机飞过后,天空中会有一条或数条长长的“白烟”。而在飞行表演中,我们则可欣赏到飞机尾部喷出五颜六色的“彩烟”,它们在空中幻化出美丽的图案,颇为炫酷夺目。
  
  图1 - 连飞行轨迹都是爱你的形状(图片来源:wonderopolis.org)
  其实,不管是“白烟”还是“彩烟”,都不是真正的“烟”,而且,它们的产生原理也有很大差异。那它们是怎么形成的呢?
  高冷的“白烟”
  烈日炎炎,我们在吃冰棒时常会发现冰棒冒“白烟”。学过物理的小伙伴们对此不会感到陌生,所谓的“白烟”实际是由空气中的水蒸气遇冷凝结而成。多数情况下,飞机在空中留下的“白烟”,也是相同的道理。
  现代飞机基本都采用航空煤油作燃料,它以加氢裂化煤油馏分或直馏煤油馏分为原料,经精制水洗并添加适量抗爆剂、抗磨剂调和而成。航空煤油中含有大量的芳烃、烯烃等碳氢化合物,燃烧后会生成大量气态水。高温的水汽通过发动机尾喷管喷到空气中,遇到大气层中的冷空气后急剧降温、增湿,凝结成千千万万的小冰晶,从而在飞机发动机后面形成一条长长的白色尾巴。这条尾巴俗称“飞机拉烟”,而在航空气象学上,通常称为“飞机尾迹”、“凝结尾迹”或“尾迹云”。
  细心的蝌蚪网友们一定注意到,飞机并非每次飞行都会拉烟。比如,在燃爆的建军90周年阅兵式上,当英姿飒爽的歼20飞过时,我们就没有看到尾迹云。这就不得不提形成尾迹云所必须的飞行条件和气象条件。
  
  图2 - 阅兵式上的歼20由于飞行高度低,未形成尾迹云(图片来源:北京时间网)
  飞机拉烟的现象,通常只在喷气式飞机上才会出现。但喷气式飞机究竟能否拉烟,还要看温度和高度的脸色。一般来说,凝结尾迹只有在飞机周围环境温度很低的情况下才会产生。这里的“很低”有多低呢?答案是零下40摄氏度以下!因此,飞机必须飞行在近万米高的大气层中,才可达到这一温度要求。
  航空上把能形成尾迹云的大气层称为“拉烟层”,其高度受空气温度和湿度影响,在盛夏时节,拉烟层的下限高度比冬天高很多。尾迹云在空中一般可持续约30~40分钟,条件有利时,甚至能存在1小时以上。它好比人走路时留下的脚印,对客机来说并不影响飞行安全,但对战机而言,则很容易暴露飞机的数量、位置和轨迹,因此,战机在执行军事任务时会尽量避开拉烟层。
  
  图3 - 尾迹云对于客机或许意味着优美,但对于战机则意味着危险(图片来源:www.a*******.net)
  绚丽的“彩烟”
  和战机故意避开尾迹云不同,在特技飞行表演中,为了让观众能清晰地观赏飞机各种惊险动作的运动轨迹,身临其境地领略飞机性能和飞行技巧,飞机都会拉出一条条或红或蓝、或黄或绿的曼妙的“彩烟”。“彩烟”的形成原理与尾迹云完全不同。
  我们知道,硫酸酐(三氧化硫)溶于水会生成雾状的硫酸并放出大量的热。人们利用这一原理,将液态硫酸酐装进高压容器中,当飞行员通过拉烟剂施放控制系统将硫酸酐喷出时,硫酸酐便会迅速与空气中的水蒸气反应产生烟雾。通过在高压容器中加入不同颜色的配料,就会喷出颜色各异的烟雾。
  
 
  不过,由于硫酸酐对人体健康有严重损害,且其生成的烟雾会腐蚀飞机表面,如今早已被弃用。我国在多年前就已研制出多种无毒环保、颜色鲜艳、烟雾量大的新型彩烟剂,并成功应用于2015年纪念抗战胜利70周年的阅兵式上。据报道,当时八一飞行表演队在歼10上挂载了一个装有新型液体彩烟剂的大型容器,彩烟剂由专门的管线引至发动机尾喷管,在高温、高速的尾气作用下发生升华,从而形成烟雾。
   
  风景or危害?
  飞机在空中留下的“烟雾”十分壮观,引人入胜。然而,这些“烟雾”美则美矣,却对大气环境有不小的危害。
  尾迹云的结构与卷云类似,均由大量冰晶组成,由于每天都有成千上万的飞机在空中穿梭,难免存在人造云效应,对天气造成影响。科学家们研究发现,频繁的飞行活动已经导致欧美部分地区云量增加。这些人造云一方面反射来自太阳的光照,使地球变冷,另一方面又吸收来自地面的红外辐射,使大气变热。
  或许有小伙伴会问,为何不让喷气式飞机在拉烟层以下飞行呢?实际上,飞机排放的废气中不仅有水蒸气,还含有大量二氧化碳、二氧化硫及氮氧化物等有害物质。虽然飞机降低飞行高度后,可以避免形成尾迹云,但由于燃油消耗量也随之增加,并不能根治飞行造成的污染。
康康map

万里无云,或者有几许薄薄云彩的蓝天背景上,人们常常看到一些飞机拉出一道道优美的白烟。

很多时候我们看到的都是空军的战斗机,它们飞得很高,有时飞直线,有时飞曲线,恣意翱翔,白带跟随,美丽如画。

它们是在表演吗?那白烟是喷洒出来的吗?

不是。其实这只是战机在高空训练,后面的白烟不是特意喷出,而是在发动机尾气在空气中被动留下的尾迹,又叫尾迹云、机尾云,民间俗称飞机拉烟。

飞机形成尾迹的原因有几种,不能一概而论。

除了飞行表演的人为拉烟,这种被动拉烟,一种是废气尾迹,一种是空气动力尾迹,还有一种是对流性尾迹。

废气尾迹是最常见的飞机拉白烟现象。

这种尾迹又有两种原因,一种是废气凝结尾迹,一种是废气蒸发尾迹。

废气凝结尾迹的产生原因,是飞机飞行时燃料消耗后的余热和水汽随废气排到飞机外面,遇到高空冷空气就凝结成水滴或冰晶,就会在飞机后面拖曳出一条长长的白烟状尾巴。

废气凝结尾迹形成的条件是高空和低温,一般飞机在8000米以上高空,温度在-41℃到-60℃之间才出现,高于-40℃或低于-60℃,就不出现这种尾迹了。

所以飞机在高空时,有时会有白烟,有时又没有白烟;有时飞机较低时断断续续产生白烟,飞得越高白烟越明显,飞到更高处反而断断续续,最后又没有了,就是这个道理。

废气凝结尾迹季节不同也有一些差别。一般冬天更多一些,夏天少一些。这是因为冬天气温更低一些,形成这种尾气的高度会更低一些,而夏天形成的高度更高一些。

废气凝结尾迹存在时间较长,其厚度可达2千米,存在的时间一般都在1小时以上甚至更长。尾迹较多的死法甚至会扩展成一片云层。

废气蒸发尾迹一般发生在较低的空中,那里的气温没有达到凝结废气尾迹的条件,而飞机尾气的加热作用导致附近空气湿度减少,水汽蒸发,就会在白色云层中留下一条透明的缝隙,这种尾迹一般会在薄薄的云层中出现。

空气动力尾迹的产生过程。

这种尾迹产生是因为飞机在接近饱和的空气中飞行,由于机翼上下压差不同或螺旋桨顶端搅动形成的螺旋状空气漩涡,这种漩涡中心气压降低,凝结成小水滴而形成的飞机拉线。

这种拉线与发动机尾气不一样,一般在较低空中形成,而且不是出现在飞机发动机喷口,而是出现在机翼的两个尖端,拉出两道凌厉的白线,就像两道剑气,十分壮观。

这种尾迹时间很短,会很快消失。

对流性尾迹产生原因。

这种尾迹也与飞机喷出的废气有关。前面说的废气凝结和蒸发尾迹不同的地方,就是一般发生在较低空状态,飞机喷出的尾气与空气混合后,由于对空气进行了加温,而导致空气上升形成的白色烟雾状尾气,这种尾迹会在飞机后面千米之处,比凝结尾气要宽很多,而且维持时间更长。

以上时飞机飞行过程中产生的自然现象,还有两种非自然现象产生的尾迹。

一种是空中放油,还有一种就是飞行表演人为拉烟。

空中放油是因为载荷的燃料有多,超过飞机允许的降落重量,必须在空中放掉多多余的油料。

飞机在设计时,都有一个最大起飞重量和降落重量。起飞重量一般都大于降落重量。

比如A380的最大起飞重量是560吨,而其最大降落重量只有386吨。

飞机的最大降落重量不但要确保飞机结构能够安全降落,还要保证飞机发生中止降落而复飞时,或遭遇发动机故障的前提下,客机能够顺利爬升。

所以飞机在起飞时,都根据需要到达的目的地而加好油,但这些油如果没有使用到一定的量,在降落时就会负载过大,而对飞机起落架和其他构造造成损害,甚至发生重大事故。

但飞行有时总会发生一些意外,导致飞机无法到达目的地或者返航,这样油料就会有多,就必须在空中放掉一部分。

飞机放油有专门的释放口子,会把燃油加压粉碎到很小雾滴释放,将给环境和地面的污染降到最低程度。

这样飞机在放油时就会出现拉烟现象。

还有的战斗机会在放油的同时点燃烧掉。

飞行表演的各种拉烟活动就是人为制造的效果了。

在一些航空表演上,我们常常看到一架或数架飞机,在天上作着各种优美的动作,时而合为利剑直插云霄,时而翻飞散开,繁花怒放。这些飞机拖曳着姹紫嫣红的彩色烟带,像仙女的霓裳飘带,美艳壮观。

这就是表演拉出的彩烟。这种彩烟是将某些化学试剂装在高压容器里,当飞行员开启这些容器阀门,这些化学试剂就会喷射出来,与空气中的水汽结合成烟雾。

不同的配方就会呈现出不同的颜色。就像我们看到夜空中放的彩色焰火礼花,就是根据不同化学配方制成的。

用柴油在飞机喷气口喷出,利用飞机喷出废气燃烧出白色烟雾,是各国惯用的最常见拉烟技术。

各国对于彩色拉烟方式和配方都有自己的特种技术,因此一般都会保密。但要拉出好看的烟雾并不难,难的是既要拉出好看的烟雾,又要无毒无害对飞机安全的环保配方。

网络上有人晒出各种配方,也不知真假。咱科普不是科学研究,就不穷究这玩意了。

总之飞机在天上产生的拉烟有很多原因,最主要的就是以上那些原因。

飞机拉烟对军事研究和环境都有很大影响。

比如在军事上,飞机拉烟既有利于发现地方飞机踪迹,也容易暴露自己,因此是一把双刃剑。

这样,在战争中,各方都会研究减少尾气拉烟的方法,从掌握出任务的天气状况、高空温度状况来避免拉烟现象,从飞机发动机和外形设计等诸多方面来尽量减少尾气影响,以隐蔽自己。

有科学研究认为,飞机拉烟结成的冰晶会散射阳光,让阳光减少对地表的照射。

日益增多的飞机对大气造成的拉烟效应,给气候和温度造成了一定影响。

一些科学家曾经对美国“911”时期限定飞机起飞的几天气温进行了分析,发现在飞机滞留地面的一段时间,白天和晚上气温提升了3℃。

现在一些研究普遍认为飞机尾气云已经在无意识中影响了天气,呼吁不要滥用这种效应,包括飞行表演。

就是这样,欢迎讨论,谢谢阅读。

时空通讯原创版权,侵权抄袭是不道德的行为,敬请理解支持。

gitcloud

飞机在飞行过程中需要消耗大量的燃料,同时排放出大量的废气,就好像开车有尾气排出。

而这些废气中含有水蒸气,同样我们人类呼气也包含了水蒸气,在冬天的时候,我们可以看到从这里嘴里呼出来的白气,这是因为水蒸气在温度较低的情况下会液化形成小水滴,而飞机尾气也是这个原理,要知道,在万米的高空温度大概在零下40度左右。

而飞机在高空飞行的时候,发动机向后喷出含有大量水汽的高温气体,这些高温高湿的气体迅速和周围环境空气混合,瞬间凝结形成大量小水滴,也就是雾气,这样就会在民动机后面拉出很长的烟,一般是在万米高空的飞机才会产生烟雾,而五六千米左右都不会出现这种情况。

细心的小伙伴可以注意到一种情况,在飞行相同高度的前后几架飞机有的却不排烟,这是为什么呢,其实这是飞行员能操控的,并不是飞行中必须必然得有烟雾的,飞行员可以随时掌握后边有没有“烟雾”。

其次我们在飞行表演中看到五颜六色的烟,那是因为飞机装备了特殊的烟雾机,里面装满了特殊调配的油,在飞行中产生了五颜六色的彩烟给我们带来了视觉上的盛宴。

飞机尾部冒出的并不是烟雾,而是一种凝结水汽,被称为“尾迹云”。

尾迹云的产生需要一些特定的条件,它是由喷气式飞机在温度较低、且水汽含量充足的空间中飞行时,低温高湿的空气凝结成的一道长长的云带。

在飞行中,喷气式发动机向后喷出含有大量水汽的高温气体,而高空环境的温度恰恰又很低(−60℃~−40℃)。

这些高温、高湿的气体与周围环境大气相混合后,温度急降、湿度大增,就会凝结出无数细小水滴,从地面上望去,就会看到白色的飞机尾烟。

经验表明,会拉烟的飞机多半飞行在7~11千米之间的高度。

可乐

这叫飞机“尾迹云”。这种现象俗称“飞机拉烟”。飞机尾迹云存在时间不会太长,通常很快消失,但在条件有利时,可以存在1小时以上,并能扩展成比较广的云层。

不是所有的飞机都能制造出这种尾迹云,只有当喷气式飞机在--20℃以下的气层中飞行时,空气湿度接近或达到饱和,同时大气比较稳定时才能产生尾迹云。尾迹云形成的原理是:当喷气式飞机在相当冷且水汽含量较大的高空飞行时,飞机尾部喷出的废气成为人工造云的“气溶胶催化剂”,从而使低温高湿的空气凝结成云带。另一种产生尾迹云的过程是:飞机在接近饱和的空气中飞行,螺旋桨和机翼的顶端附近空气因动力降压而绝热冷却产生凝结,但这种情况比较少见。

还有与尾迹云类似的现象则“蒸发尾迹”。它是飞机在高空很薄的云层中飞行的废气对环境空气的加热作用大于增湿作用,混合后的空气由于温度升高,相对湿度减小,结果原有的云层蒸发,在白色云层中形成一长条无云的蓝色缝隙,这便是蒸发尾迹。飞机在进行航空表演时,会有意识地在空中绕出一个个圆圈,于是在尾部拉出一个个圆环形的尾迹云,非常好看。有时十几架、二十几架飞机一字排开飞行,会形成一片浓密的尾迹云,蔚为壮观。通常飞机在执行军事任务时,为了不过早地暴露自己,就要根据天气预报,避免进入能形成尾迹云的云层。相反,有时也利用飞机尾迹云来迷惑对方,使自己迅速逃离。在北美和西欧这些航空事业发达的国家里,尾迹云对高云云量已经产生了直接影响。有的科学家认为:尾迹云就是人造卷云,大量的尾迹云将会造成一种无意识人工影响天气的效果。

LocCloud

飞机在天空中飞行时,有时飞机后面会拖出一条或数条“白烟”,好象长长的飘带,飞行轨迹悬挂在空中,久而不散。这种现象称为飞机拉烟。

许多人认为,飞机拉烟是由于飞机在飞行时喷出来的烟所致。其实,这是一种误解。

我们所见到的“白烟”,并不是真正的烟,而是一种特殊的云,是飞机飞过后飞行轨迹上的水汽凝结而成的。在气象学上,我们称它为飞机尾迹,有时也称为凝结轨迹。

在解释飞机轨迹的形成过程前,我们先来看另一种现象:在寒冷的冬天,人们口里常常会呵出一团团“雾气”。这种气体既暖和又含有大量的水分,遇到寒冷的空气,温度迅速降低,其中的水汽会凝结成无数可见的小水滴,这就是我们所见到的“雾气”。

飞机轨迹的形成过程和上述现象很相似,它是飞机飞行中排出的暖湿气体与外界冷空气混合,使飞行轨迹上的空气所含水汽和热量明显增多的结果。一般燃烧1千克汽油约可产生1.23千克的水汽和43260千焦耳的热量。当轨迹上的水汽达到一定程度,超过空气所能容纳限度时,就产生了凝结现象,形成雾状的小水滴,这就是我们所见到的飞机后面拉着的“白烟”。随着气流的不断交换和水汽的蒸发,大约30-40分钟后,轨迹就会逐渐消失。

不过,飞机在飞行过程中不是都会出现这种现象的,它还需要一定的条件。当出现轨迹较短时,可能就是没有完全符合这个条件。当飞机飞到一定高度,空气层的温度较低时(一般低于-40℃),才易于形成这种现象。另外,空气层中的水汽含量对轨迹的形成也有影响。所以,当高空有卷云的时候,飞机轨迹出现的次数要比碧空无云时多得多。

飞机轨迹对大气并没有什么影响,但在军事上却有不可忽视的战术意义。飞机轨迹很容易暴露飞机的机型、位置、行踪及架数。因而,在空中作战时,飞行员应当注意利用或避免飞机轨迹的出现。

okok云

因为飞机的种类不同,所以它们喷出的烟也不近长短,纸飞机喷出的烟的长短可能跟他的型号有关,具体就是他们的一些个零部件的型号,功能大小和作用都不尽相同

余辉

那个教飞机云。是飞机排除的高温废气和大气中的带有水分的冷空气相遇而产生的,如果飞机经过的时候大气中没有什么带水分的冷空气,就不会形成图中的飞机云。

snjk

之所以有了飞机,有很长的烟,有的很短,那是因为飞机起飞过程中出现这种烟雾是跟天气有一定关系的

cloud123

虽然这个问题我没有深入的研究过,但是我觉得可能是和每个飞机的型号不一样,还有所使用的发动机或者是燃油机不一样。

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2023-07-13 03:03:122

英语精解【86】太磁暴从24日起袭击地球

Most Potent Geomagnetic Storm Hits Earth 强烈的太阳磁暴袭击地球   DENVER - The most powerful geomagnetic storm possible walloped the Earth early Wednesday, knocking out some airline communications but apparently causing no large power outages or other major problems.   丹佛 - 烈的太阳磁暴于本周三开始袭击地球,并对某些航空通讯联系产生了干扰,但没有出现大规模电力供应中断或其他重大问题。   geomagnetic,地磁的。geomagnetic storm也叫 magnetic storm,.磁暴(因太阳黑子活动而引起的地球磁场的大扰动)。   Wallop,To beat soundly; thrash.很响地打;连续拍打。也可作名词讲has a punch that delivers a wallop.具有一个能够有力的猛击的冲头。   knock out是个常用词组,意思很多。常用来在体育运动中指To defeat (a boxing opponent) by a knockout.拳击比赛中的对手;或者指To render useless or inoperative,使无用,使失去效能:The storm knocked out the telephones.风暴使电话中断。本文中用的就是这个意思。在非正式用语中,意思是To exert or exhaust (oneself or another) to the utmost: 尽心尽力。knocked herself out to be ready on time.为了及时作好准备她竭尽全力。   The storm, the most disruptive to hit Earth since 1989, was unleashed by the fourth-most powerful solar flare ever seen, NASA said. The gigantic cloud of highly charged particles hurled from the sun posed a threat to high frequency radio communications, satellite navigation systems and television broadcasts. Continued turbulence on the sun remains a concern for the next week, space forecasters say.   美国国家航空航天局说,这次太阳磁暴是由迄今所见烈四个太阳耀斑释放,对地球的袭击也是自1989年以来有破坏性的一次。太阳高速喷出的巨大粒子云团对于高频无线电波通讯、人造卫星航空系统和电视广播传输都造成了威胁。航空预报员说,太磁暴的旋涡流将一直持续到下周。   solar flare,A sudden eruption of hydrogen gas on the surface of the sun, usually associated with sunspots and accompanied by a burst of ultraviolet radiation that is often followed by a magnetic disturbance. 太阳耀斑,太阳表面氢气的突然爆发,经常和太阳黑子有关并伴有紫外线辐射的爆发,从而导致磁干扰。   Hurl,To move with great speed, force, or violence; hurtle. 快速移动快速、用力或猛地运动;猛冲。He hurled the brick through the window. 他用力把砖头从窗户投进去。   turbulence 指的是An eddying motion of the atmosphere that interrupts the flow of wind. 湍流打断风的运动的极不规则的大气运动。   The biggest immediate effect was the blackout of high-frequency voice-radio communications for planes flying far northern routes. But airliners in an emergency could still communicate through VHF contact with another aircraft or military monitoring station, said Louis Garneau, a spokesman for the company that handles Canada"s civil aviation navigation service.   太阳磁暴最严重的直接影响是北部航线飞机的高频声波通讯系统会发生中断。负责处理加拿大民用航空航海事务公司的发言人路易斯加纳表示,即使发生紧急情况,航班仍然可以通过特高频与其他飞机或军事检测电台联系。   blackout 在本文中指的是Lack of illumination caused by an electrical power failure. 照明不足由电力缺乏引起的照明不足。常用于指(暂时)失去知觉,He had had a blackout after the accident.事故发生后,他晕过去一阵子。in an emergency,在紧急的时。   VHF是Very High Frequency的首字母缩写, 甚高频(30VHF 300兆赫)。
2023-07-13 03:03:301

飞机一般飞行的高度是多少

一般民航机的飞行高度约为10 000公尺。 相信大家也十分欣赏在飞行时望向窗外的云海景象。通常一般的云层对飞行中的飞机影晌不大,因为在一般民航机飞行高度(通常在二、三万呎)的云层巳经十分稀薄。不过当有雷暴云团产生时,云层便发展得很高,而和雷暴相关连的坏天气,例如,闪电、雷击、积冰和冰雹等现象都对飞行有一定的危险。不过,现今的飞机设备先进,飞行人员又可以透过气象预报去了解坏天气出现的地方,从而作出准备。如有必要,飞机可以改变航道,以避开最恶劣的天气情况。所以,雷暴为航机带来的危险是可以避免的。 o/education/newsarticle/000531 飞行器在美国堪萨斯州萨莱纳机场起飞,当爬升至15240公尺高度(一般民航机高度为10668公尺),挤身在细小驾驶舱的福塞便可顺随喷射气流滑行,有如搭便车般轻松又省油。 singpao/20050222/international/678061 2007-03-23 18:27:35 补充: 英国帝国理工学院的科学家罗伯特。诺兰等人经过研究,提出了一个解决方案-- 降低民航机飞行高度。他们认为,视天气情况而定,当飞机的飞行高度从33000 英尺降低到24000-31000英尺之间时,将不会产生凝结尾迹。t7online/feature/news231002 2007-03-23 18:33:12 补充: 参考以下网址的附图:飞机飞行的高度就在「对流层」顶。ihouseedcity/~hm1203/atmosphere/air No cruising at 40 000ft isn"t rare at all. In fact the majority of modern jet airliners is certified to fly above 40 000ft and it"s particularly mon on long-haul operations where flying at higher altitude will achieve better fuel consumption and engine performance. For example from Sydney to Hong Kong Cathay"s A333s typically operate at the range of 35 000 to 41 000ft. With the initial altitude at 33-35 000ft they gradually climb to 39-41 000ft at mid-way depending on the direction. Then all the way to the top of descend point. But most jet operations are constrainted below 45 000ft due to the extra-terrestrial ionising radiation issue. The only regular public trport operations of jet airliners at the altitude above 45 000ft in history were operated by Concorde due to the need of leaned air density and more stabled air to achieve supersonic performance. For the highest flight altitude achieved by manned aircraft it"s depended on how you define an aircraft. For manned vehicle laterally all spacecraft including space shuttle fly above 380km. But since their flight dynamic is achieved by the use of external booster (in the other words rockets) at the initial flight stage (that me the launch) and being held on the orbit (i.e. level flight) by the inertial force (so no thrust) which maintains the vehicles at the Escape Speed (in plain words the speed to get away from a pla) it doesn"t count as an aero-dynamic vehicle (in our words airplane). The recorded manned airplane operation with the highest altitude achieved is the SpaceShip One flight on 21st June 2004 at the altitude of approximately 100km. 航程超过2小时的 民航机的飞行高度一般是11000公尺 航程在2小时以内的 大多是7500~ 10000公尺之间. 飞机发行的是大气层的最低层 称为对流层 高度约为14公里. 10000公尺等于10公里.
2023-07-13 03:03:381

海南航空公司的管理层级别是怎么划分的?M代表什么?

海航把所有员工划分为M序列和B序列,M序列为管理人员。
2023-07-13 03:03:464

波音飞机有多少个轱辘

737:前2后2747:前2后16757:前2后8767:前2后8777:前2后12图片到www.airliners.net查.全有
2023-07-13 03:03:564

谁能给我一张高清晰的A380飞机图片啊,不胜感激~~

刚起飞
2023-07-13 03:04:052

为什么飞机不能倒后

「站在巨人的肩膊上」: 我想说你的理论完全是错的. 第一: 世界上只有极少的单引擎喷射飞机. 所有一型民航飞机都是双引擎的 这是基于安全考量. 第二: 飞机在地面不是靠机尾的方向舵来转向 而是靠机鼻轮来转向的(除非是Tail Dragger的尾轮. 这是因为飞机在地面滑行时的速度 根本不足以产生足够的空气动力来让方向舵变得有效. 第三: 正常的情况下飞机根本不会利用引擎的输出来控制转弯 因为根本效率不高 喷射引擎的反应极慢 根本没有可能提供地面时滑行需要的灵活性. 第四: 喷射引擎其实是结构最简单的动力装置. 要将向后喷出的热气体转为向前 只需要一个改变喷射方向的装置 就如你家的冷气机一样. 引擎的逆喷装置 其实只是一组活动挡板 改变挡板的角度 就可以将本来向后的热气改为向前. 第五: 的确不是每一种飞机都有飞机梯 但事实上有些民航飞机的确是有随机的飞机梯 如B737和A320 就有接合梯收在机门底. 这是给廉价航空公司的一个option. 大一些的飞机的确可以倒后行 只是在极大多数的情况下都不会 这有几个原因: 1. 逆喷的气流因为会改变方向 较难预测 故可能会对地面人员和设备造成伤害. 2. 飞机的引擎一般都在翼下 较接近地面 使用逆喷装置的话 有可能吸入地面的杂物 造成破坏. 故一般只有高置的引擎会使用逆喷装置 如DC-9 B727.因为引擎在机尾较高处. 3. 在很多停机坪都禁止使用引擎 就更不可能使用逆喷装置来倒车. 4. 使用引擎会比拖车用更多燃料 而且损耗引擎 故尽可能都用拖车. 但滑行至跑道还是会用引擎动力 因为引擎是要一定时间暖车. 你个答案都唔多贴题wor * Planes can go backwards. I have seen a RAAF/USAF C-17 do a very short landing on a runway engaging full reverse thrust - after the plane stopped the captain continued to use the reverse thrust and the plane started to move backwards. on the runway (It was in a military airshow in Sydney last year). * Wheels on planes are typically not powered therefore they cannot make the plane move forward or backward. * On the ground plane uses their engines to generate thrust. Since the engines are designed to make the plane go forwards they provide much better thrust forwards than they can backwards. * A lot of civil airliners (ie. big jets) have reverse thrust - they are used main after landing to slow down the plane especially on short runways. * In order to make the plane go backwards the plane must use reverse thrust. However that greatly reduces the air that goes into the engine making it inefficient and can potentially overheat the engine. * In addition the pilot cannot see behind the plane well making it potentially dangerous to make a plane go backwards using reverse thrust. 都比captain wu同olga说明了 咁清楚都唔洗补充... 再简单啲讲 机轮设计上只能滑行 不能产生前后动力的. 好简单!飞机的D设计系唔会有多余的东西带上天空,可以减ge o野都会减晒,至于点解,系因为多带一样o野上天空,会重多一D,飞机燃油用多D,乘客反而小o左,咁你话飞机会唔会放张上落机用ge梯系度丫?同一道理佢又点解会安装倒后装置系机上呢?就算系飞机落到地面,想向前或是转方向,它都只是用飞机引擎造动力罢了! 图片参考:.yimg/i/icon/16/2 2007-01-22 00:04:39 补充: 楼主你问得好,答案就系滑行,当一架单引擎ge喷射客机,在地面前进是用引擎减少推力向前推的,如果想转方向的话,就用尾翼的方向舵改变方向。双引擎的话,前进是一样的,但改变方向时,就主要是改变左右引擎的推力来达成的,如向左转,再减少左手便的引擎推力,咁架机就会向左转弯了,也是最多航机所使用的方法,因为国际规定飞航国际航线的飞机一定要有两个或以上的引擎的。 2007-01-22 00:20:01 补充: 飞机的喷射引擎系很难开倒车的,因为引擎的前方是设计成吸入及初步压缩冷空气的,而尾部是喷射高压的热气体,而且不用我说你都知道它的构造是相当复杂的,唔会设计多余的构造来达成开倒车的用途的。 参考: 自已 飞机系设计0黎向前飞,而飞机 even 0系地上 taxi 都系用 engine 0既 thrust,并冇动力系经 gear 传到地上。 但技术上,部份喷射机系可以用 reverse thrust 倒后行。 不过系实际上唔会咁做,一0黎浪费能源,二0黎会对 ground 其他人有危险。 参考: 自己 因为本身无向后嘅动力
2023-07-13 03:04:201

美国911事件英语句子(带翻译)

The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, killing everyone on board and many others working in the buildings. Both buildings collapsed within two hours, destroying nearby buildings and damaging others. The hijackers crashed a third airliner into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, just outside of Washington, D.C. The fourth plane crashed into a field near Shanksville in rural Pennsylvania, after some of its passengers and flight crew attempted to retake control of the plane, which the hijackers had redirected toward Washington, D.C. There were no survivors from any of the flights.不止六句,参考资料中国屏蔽了所以我给不了链接给你
2023-07-13 03:04:283

wreckage是什么意思

wreckage,英语单词,主要用作名词,作名词时译为“(失事船或飞机等的)残骸;(船只等的)失事”。短语搭配:1、Bog Wreckage腐沼残迹2、aircraft wreckage飞机残骸3、Underwater wreckage水下残骸4、floating wreckage漂浮残骸 ;漂浮着的残骸;浮动失事船残骸破片5、ship wreckage船舶残骸6、impact wreckage碰撞破坏7、plane wreckage飞机残骸8、no wreckage未找到残骸双语例句如下:1、We will now try to reassemble pieces of the wreckage.我们现在会尽量把残骸重新组合起来。2、For three weeks a big operation went on to recover the wreckage from the sea bed.一项大规模行动持续3周以从海床寻找残骸。3、Workers are sifting through the wreckage of the airliners amid growing evidence that the disasters were the work of terrorists.在越来越多证据证明这些灾难是恐怖分子所为的同时,工人们正在仔细检查那些客机的残骸。
2023-07-13 03:04:351

911事件英语概述,简洁,也不要太简洁

写作思路:围绕文章的中心思想,结合自身感受得描述,正文:On September 11, 2001, four passenger planes flying above in the United States, however, the four planes by the robbers are silent robbed. When Americans just ready to start a day"s work, New York"s world trade center, continuously happen, crash of the world trade center collapsed, skyscrapers(摩天大楼), crashing into ruins, causing more than 3000 people were killed.2001年9月11日,恐怖分子抢劫架飞机撞击美国纽约世贸中心和华盛顿五角大楼的历史。2001年9月11日,四个客运飞机上面在美国,然而,四架飞机被强盗抢劫是沉默。当美国人刚刚准备开始一天的工作,纽约的世界贸易中心,不断发生,崩溃的世界贸易中心倒塌,摩天大楼,撞入废墟,造成超过3000人死亡。The whole the United States have shocked the world, people who stuck into extreme panic has caught the world"s shocked, this is in the history of the United States of the most serious disasters.整个美国震惊了世界,人们陷入了极度的"恐慌已经引起了全世界的震惊,这是美国历史上最严重的灾难。A plane from Boston to New York at the American Airlines Boeing 767 (11) Flight number flight being held and crashed into the world trade center in New York Manhattan (曼哈顿)south building, the plane "torn" the building, is apart from the ground in about 20 layer a smoke, and cause an explosion.一架飞机从波士顿到纽约的美国航空公司波音767(11)航班号飞行被关押,撞向世界贸易中心在纽约曼哈顿南方建筑,飞机“撕裂”,距地面约20层烟,并引发一场爆炸。And a small plane with great speed to the north of the world trade center building. The plane crashed into the side of the building, through the other side, and cause huge explosion. Two bombs may cause the thousands of. injuries and deaths.和一架小型飞机以极大的速度向北的世界贸易中心大楼。飞机撞上大楼的一侧,另一侧,并导致巨大的爆炸。两枚炸弹可能导致成千上万的。受伤和死亡。
2023-07-13 03:05:011

直升飞机英语怎么说

问题一:"直升机"用英语怎么说 helicopter 英 [?hel?k?pt?(r)] 美 [?hel?k:pt?(r)] n.直升机,直升飞机 vt.用直升飞机载送 vi.乘直升飞机 例句: The helicopter was returning from a reconnaissance mission 直升机完成侦察任务后正在返航。 问题二:各种类型的飞机用英语怎么说?比如说直升机,无人机等等 helicopter- 直升机 Cargo Aircraft-载货飞机 Jets-喷气式飞机 Turboprops-涡轮机螺旋桨式飞机 Airliners-客机 bomber-轰炸机 jet fighter-喷气式战斗机 fighter plane-战斗机 torpedoplane -鱼雷机 spy plane-侦察机 attack plane -强击机 unmanned aerial vehicle -无人机 early warning airplane-预警机 anti submarine warfare air plane-反潜机 interceptor -截击机 问题三:直升机的英语怎么说 飞机 aircraft; plane; airplane; aeroplane [例句] 一架轻型飞机昨天在一个高尔夫球场的球洞区紧急降落了。 A light aircraft crash-landed on a putting green yesterday. 问题四:""直升机""用英语怎么说? copter n. 直升机 helicopter n. 直升(飞)机, 直升机 词性变化供 helicopter vt. 用直升飞机载送 helicopter *** . out of the sea 用直升飞机救某人出海(指海上遇难人员) helicopter the President to London 用直升飞机送总统去伦敦 helicopter vi. 乘直升飞机 The president helicoptered to California yesterday. 总统昨天乘直升飞机赴加州。 特殊用法 dual-rotor helicopter 双旋翼式直升飞机 flying-crane helicopter 起重直升飞机 intermeshing rotors helicopter 交叉旋翼式直升飞机 pulsejet helicopter 脉动喷气式直升飞机 问题五:遥控直升机用英语怎么说 remote controlled helicopter 问题六:我们还乘坐了直升飞机英语怎么说,谢谢 we have taken the helicopter.
2023-07-13 03:05:351

直升飞机用英语怎么说

问题一:"直升机"用英语怎么说 helicopter 英 [?hel?k?pt?(r)] 美 [?hel?k:pt?(r)] n.直升机,直升飞机 vt.用直升飞机载送 vi.乘直升飞机 例句: The helicopter was returning from a reconnaissance mission 直升机完成侦察任务后正在返航。 问题二:各种类型的飞机用英语怎么说?比如说直升机,无人机等等 helicopter- 直升机 Cargo Aircraft-载货飞机 Jets-喷气式飞机 Turboprops-涡轮机螺旋桨式飞机 Airliners-客机 bomber-轰炸机 jet fighter-喷气式战斗机 fighter plane-战斗机 torpedoplane -鱼雷机 spy plane-侦察机 attack plane -强击机 unmanned aerial vehicle -无人机 early warning airplane-预警机 anti submarine warfare air plane-反潜机 interceptor -截击机 问题三:直升机的英语怎么说 飞机 aircraft; plane; airplane; aeroplane [例句] 一架轻型飞机昨天在一个高尔夫球场的球洞区紧急降落了。 A light aircraft crash-landed on a putting green yesterday. 问题四:""直升机""用英语怎么说? copter n. 直升机 helicopter n. 直升(飞)机, 直升机 词性变化供 helicopter vt. 用直升飞机载送 helicopter *** . out of the sea 用直升飞机救某人出海(指海上遇难人员) helicopter the President to London 用直升飞机送总统去伦敦 helicopter vi. 乘直升飞机 The president helicoptered to California yesterday. 总统昨天乘直升飞机赴加州。 特殊用法 dual-rotor helicopter 双旋翼式直升飞机 flying-crane helicopter 起重直升飞机 intermeshing rotors helicopter 交叉旋翼式直升飞机 pulsejet helicopter 脉动喷气式直升飞机 问题五:请问一下大家直升机用英语怎么说 helicopter 问题六:遥控直升机用英语怎么说 remote controlled helicopter 问题七:直升机的英文有helicopter和chopper,两者有什么不同?分别用在哪些方面? 两个词都有:用直升机运送和乘直升机飞行,这两个意思。helicopter还有个名词意思:直升机,在英语的使用习惯中,正式说直升机这个词一般是使用helicopter。chopper也有个名词意思:斩波器、斧子、斧头、切碎机,也有“直升机(有切碎机这个意思就明白为什么直升机了)”的意思,不过一般是用作口语,在正式的说法中是使用helicopter。 问题八:我们还乘坐了直升飞机英语怎么说,谢谢 we have taken the helicopter.
2023-07-13 03:05:421

国际比较知名的飞机网站有哪些?

www.airliners.net我经常去这个国内有一个飞友也是满不错的,只是最近这段时间好像是服务器有点问题,不能上了
2023-07-13 03:05:521

飞机飞行原理

更新1: 我需要大量资料做报告 所以得的话 比多d网址我都得. Actually the plane applied the Bernoulli"s Principle The following is the detail... Wings We shall start by looking at a wing cross-section designed as it was meant to be used - to produce lift on an aeroplane. As the wing moves through the air it splits the air into o streams. One stream travels over the wing and one travels under the wing. Because of the way the wing is shaped the distance across the top of the wind is greater than the distance across the bottom of the wing. This causes the air flowing over the wing to move faster than the air flowing under it. As we have seen above Bernoulli"s equation states that a faster moving fluid has a lower pressure than a slower moving one. This me that the faster moving air above the wing has a lower pressure than the air flowing under it. This pressure difference causes the wing to move towards the area of low pressure i.e. in an upwards direction. This phenomenon is known as lift and this is what keeps planes from falling from the sky. The lift on a wing is proportional to its" area - the larger the area the more lift is produced. An inverted wing is used on racing cars. An inverted wing is basically a standard wing fitted upside-down. This me that the lift that is produced is in the opposite direction to a standard wing - this type of lift is known as ‘negative lift" otherwise known as downforce. This downforce forces the car onto the road which in turn forces the tyres down onto the road with a lot more force than the weight of the car alone. The grip that tyres can produce increases roughly in a linear manner with increasing load (downforce in this case). Therefore with the increase in downforce the load on the tyres increases meaning that the grip the tyres have is increased proportionately. This allows the drivers to go faster around corners than in a car without the downforce and produces significant time savings. Usually o wings are used - one at the rear and one at the front. This is done to balance the forces so that the grip is roughly equal at both ends of the car otherwise the handling of the car would be terrible especially at higher speeds when maximum downforce is achieved. 参考: forumula1/2006/f1/features/car-design-technology/aerodynamics Fixed-wing aircraft include a large range of craft from *** all training and recreational aircraft to large airliners and military cargo aircraft. Some aircraft use fixed wings to provide lift only part of the time and may or may not be referred to as fixed-wing. The term also embraces aircraft with folding wings that are intended to fold when on the ground. This is usually to ease storage or facilitate trport on for example a vehicle trailer or the powered lift connecting the hangar deck of an aircraft carrier to its flight deck. It also embraces "variable geometry" aircraft such as the General Dynamics F-111 Grumman F-14 Tomcat and the Panavia Tornado which can vary the sweep angle of their wings during flight. There are also rare examples of aircraft which can vary the angle of incidence of their wings in flight such the F-8 Crusader which are also considered to be "fixed-wing". An F-16 Fighting Falcon a military fixed-wing aircraft Two necessities for all fixed-wing aircraft (as well as rotary-wing aircraft) are air flow over the wings for lifting of the aircraft and an open area for landing. The majority of aircraft however also need an airport with the infrastructure to receive maintenance restocking refueling and for the loading and unloading of crew cargo and/or passengers. While the vast majority of aircraft land and take off on land some are capable of take off and landing on ice snow and calm water. The aircraft is the second fastest method of trport after the rocket. Commercial jet aircraft can reach up to 900 km/h. Single-engined aircraft are capable of reaching 175 km/h or more at cruise speed. Supersonic aircraft (military research and a few private aircraft) can reach speeds faster than sound. The speed record for a plane powered by an air-breathing engine is currently held by the experimental NASA X-43 which reached nearly ten times the speed of sound. The biggest aircraft currently in service is Antonov An-225 while the fastest currently in production is the Mikoyan MiG-31. The biggest supersonic jet ever produced and currently in service is Tupolev-160. Aircraft parts A typical fixed-wing aircraft can be divided into the following major parts: · A long cylinder called a fuselage with tapered ends to make its shape aerodynamically *** ooth. The fuselage carries the human flight crew the passengers if the aircraft is a passenger aircraft and/or the cargo if the aircraft carries cargo. The pilots who are members of the flight crew operate the aircraft from a cockpit located at the front of the fuselage and equipped with windows controls and instruments. · ... Aircraft controls A number of fairly standardized controls allow pilots to direct aircraft in the air. The controls found in a typical fixed-wing aircraft are as follows: · ... History Main articles: Aviation history and First flying machine The dream of flight goes back to the days of pre-history. Many stories from antiquity involve flight such as the Greek legend of Icarus and Daedalus. Leonardo da Vinci drew an aircraft in the 15th century. With the first flight made by man (Francois Pilatre de Rozier and Francois d"Arlandes) in an aircraft lighter than air a balloon the biggest challenge became to create other craft capable of controlled flight. 参考: *** When powered flights of the X-34 begin later this year the experimental vehicle will be carried aloft by the L-1011 then released for rocket-powered flight and a standard horizontal landing. Eventually the X-34 will perform high-speed suborbital free flights to demonstrate technologies such as advanced thermal protection system posite structural ponents and autonomous landing.
2023-07-13 03:06:131

求飞机驾驶舱的壁纸!!!

发过去了737 777 310 340 380
2023-07-13 03:06:341

who can tell me the power of the American president(English better)

关于美国总统的权利不知道你要知道哪方面的内容,有很多参考文献可供参考: http://www.ilib.cn/A-lndxxb-zxshkxb200304014.html
2023-07-13 03:06:572

求Lupe Fiasco的Superstar的歌词和其中文大意

Superstar - Lupe Fiasco (feat. Matthew Santos)[crowd cheering][Chorus – Matthew Santos]If you are what you say you are, a superstarThen have no fear, the camera"s is hereAnd the microphone"sAnd they wanna" know oh oh oh oh (The Return)If you are what you say you are, a superstarThen have no fear, the crowd is hereAnd the lights are onAnd they wanna show oh oh oh oh, yeah[Verse 1 – Lupe Fiasco]Yeah, uhA fresh cool young Lu"Tryna" catch his microphone check 2, 1, 2Wanna" believe my own hype but it"s too untrueThe world brought me to my knees, what have you brung you?Did you improve on the design? Did you do somethin" new?Well ya" name ain"t on the guest list, who brung you?YOU! The more famous person you come throughAnd the sexy lady next to you, you come tooAnd then it hit meStandin" outside of heaven waitin" for god to come and get meI"m too uncouthUnschooled to the rules and too gum shoeToo much of a new comer and too un-coolLike Shadow and Lavelle, I battle wit" it wellTho I need holiday like lady who sung "Blue"Go back, whatever you did you undoHeavy as heavenThe devil on me, two ton"s too[Chorus – Matthew Santos]If you are what you say you are, a superstarThen have no fear, the camera"s is hereAnd the microphone"sAnd they wanna" know oh oh oh oh, yeah[Verse 2 – Lupe Fiasco]And ya" better wear ya" shaaadesThe spotlights here can burn holes through the staaageDown to the basement pass the Indian gravesWhere the dinosaurs laidThen out through shinin", nearly miss the airlinersMagnified times five, "less its pointed at the ryhmerRicochets off the moon and sets the forest ablaaazeNow that"s important to say"Cause even with all that most of us don"t want it to faaadeWe want it to braid, meaning we want it to growMeaning we want it to staaayLike the Governor called and he told him to waaaitUn-strap him from the chair and put him back in his caaageThe audience ain"t faaazedAnd they ain"t gon" clap and they ain"t gon" praiseThey want everything back that they"ve paid"Cause they"ve been waitin" since ten to see the lights get dim[Chorus – Matthew Santos]If you are what you say you are, a superstarThen have no fear, the crowd is hereAnd the lights are onAnd they wanna show oh oh oh oh, yeah[Verse 3 – Lupe Fiasco]So chauffeur chauffeur come and take me away"Cause I"ve been standin" in this line for like five whole daysMe and security ain"t getting" alongAnd when I got to the front, they told me all of the tickets were goneSo just take me home where the mood is mellowAnd the roses are grown, M&Ms are yellowAnd the light bulbs around my mirror don"t flickerEverybody gets a nice autograph pictureOne for you and one for your sisterWho had to work tonight but is an avid listenerEvery songs her favorite song and mics don"t feedbackAll the reviewers say "You need to go and see that"And everybody claps "cause everybody is pleasedAnd then they all take the stage and start performin" for meLike, ha ha ha ha haHa ha ha ha ha, ha[Chorus – Matthew Santos]If you are what you say you are, a superstarThen have no fear, the camera"s is hereAnd the microphone"sAnd they wanna" know oh oh oh ohIf you are what you say you are, a superstarThen have no fear, the crowd is hereAnd the lights are onAnd they wanna show oh oh oh oh, yeahIf you are, what you say you areThen have no fear
2023-07-13 03:07:052

be grounded in是什么意思? 请造几个句子

1,(船)搁浅,触礁;使搁浅或触礁2.使停飞;使降落The airliners were grounded in Japan because of the coming of the typhoon.3.作为根据;作为基础
2023-07-13 03:07:391

到底什么是near miss

near miss 英 [niu0259 mis] 美 [nu026ar mu026as] n. 侥幸脱险,差点出事,几乎发生的事; [例句]Details have been given of a near miss between two airliners over southern England earlier this week本周早些时候两架客机在英格兰南部险些相撞,有关细节现已公布。[其他] 复数:near misses
2023-07-13 03:07:481

if you are what you say you are a supers ter开头

这个是Lupe Fiasco 演唱的Superstar下面是歌词[crowd cheering] [Chorus (Matthew Santos):] If you are what you say you are, a superstar Then have no fear, the camera is here And the microphones And they wanna know oh oh oh oh (the return) If you are what you say you are, a superstar Then have no fear, the crowd is here And the lights are on And they wanna show oh oh oh oh, yeah [Verse 1 – Lupe Fiasco] Yeah, uh A fresh cool young Lu" Tryna catch his microphone check 2, 1, 2 Wanna believe my own hype but it"s too untrue The world brought me to my knees, what have you bring you? Did you improve on the design? Did you do somethin" new? Well your name ain"t on the guest list, who bring you? You! The more famous person you come through And the sexy lady next to you, you come too And then it hit me Standin" outside of heaven waitin" for god to come and get me I"m too uncouth Unschooled to the rules and too gum shoe Too much of a new comer and too un-cool Like Shadow and Lavelle, I battle with it well Tho I need holiday like lady who sung "Blue" Go back, whatever you did you undo Heavy as heaven The devil on me, two ton"s too [Chorus (Matthew Santos):] If you are what you say you are, a superstar Then have no fear, the camera is here And the microphones And they wanna" know oh oh oh oh, yeah [Verse 2 – Lupe Fiasco] And you better wear your shades The spotlights here can burn holes through the stage Down to the basement pass the Indian graves Where the dinosaurs laid Then out through China, nearly miss the airliners Magnified times five, "less it"s pointed at the rhymer Ricochets off the moon and sets the forest ablaze Now that"s important to say "cause even with all that most of us don"t want it to fade We want it to braid, meaning we want it to grow Meaning we want it to stay Like the Governor called and he told him to Wait Un-strap him from the chair and put him back in his Cage The audience ain"t fazed And they ain"t gonna clap and they ain"t gonna praise They want everything back that they"ve paid "cause they"ve been waitin" since ten to see the lights get dim [Chorus (Matthew Santos)] [Verse 3 – Lupe Fiasco] So chauffeur chauffeur come and take me away "cause I"ve been standin" in this line for like five whole days Me and security ain"t getting" along And when I got to the front, they told me all of the tickets were gone So just take me home where the mood is mellow And the roses are grown, M&M"s are yellow And the light bulbs around my mirror don"t flicker Everybody gets a nice autograph picture One for you and one for your sister Who had to work tonight but is an avid listener Every songs her favorite song and mics don"t feedback All the reviewers say "You need to go and see that" And everybody claps "cause everybody is pleased And then they all take the stage and start performin" for me Like, ha ha ha ha ha Ha ha ha ha ha, ha [Chorus (Matthew Santos):] If you are what you say you are, a superstar Then have no fear, the camera"s is here And the microphone"s And they wanna know oh oh oh oh If you are what you say you are, a superstar Then have no fear, the crowd is here And the lights are on And they wanna show oh oh oh oh, yeah If you are, what you say you are Then have no fear
2023-07-13 03:08:071

adding to放在句首是什么意思

adding to放在句首是什么意思:added to 主要用于 added to this / that,属惯用语,通常用于句首,意思是“而且”“此外”。如: Added to this, he is an untiring artist. 而且,他是一个不知疲倦的艺术家。 We were short of money. Added to that, we were lost! 我们钱不够。而且我们还迷路了! Added to this, the birth rate is not so great as it was. 而且,目前的生育率也不像过去那么高。 Added to that , the child may have feelings of insecurity, jealousy and possessiveness. 除此之外,孩子还可能会有不安全感、嫉妒心和占有欲。 More than 750 commercial airliners were involved in fatal accidents last year. Added to that were the 1,550 smaller aircraft. 去年750多家商业航空公司遭遇过人员死亡的事故。另外还有1,550架小型飞机也出过同样的事故。
2023-07-13 03:08:141

英语名词解释 1. Civil Rights Movement 2. Union Jack 3. Renaissance 4. September 11 5. Marshall Plan

1 movement in the United States beginning in the 1960s and led primarily by Blacks in an effort to establish the civil rights of individual Black citizens2 national flag of the United Kingdom3 the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries4 the day in 2001 when Arab suicide bombers hijacked United States airliners and used them as bombs5 a United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952); named after George Marshall
2023-07-13 03:08:442

中文文章翻译英文

Aviation industry"s most prestigious Teal, forecast the future 10 years, the global demand for executive will amount to 9000, the total value of about $94.4 billion, and China is one of the most potential markets, in the next 10 years executive is expected to reach 600-1200. If the aircraft flying at full capacity, annual turnover is expected to reach 60 billion yuan. Now China executive market 80% of customers is the large multinational companies, domestic customers only accounted for 20%. But with China"s wto accession, economy, and enterprise in the fierce competition, more and more companies want to race against time, to the time to yield, so the domestic enterprises will soon become the protagonist of executive market. The executive incalculable market potential in China. In the face of China"s huge business executive market, foreign airlines and aircraft manufacturers are keen to get in. 75 - year - old former seasons "American Raytheon", "Canada"s bombardier group", "the French dassault company" have to enter, to grab the opportunity. Business aviation is in accordance with the special requirements of a passenger or institutions, through a specially designed course, within the prescribed period of time, provide charter flight service to passengers. Many large companies use of corporate jets transport personnel and emergency items around the distribution in the company or the customer site. The world population is about 380000 aircraft in civilian aircraft flying, but the flight is less than 10%, more than 90% are executive and industry, agriculture, entertainment and sports by plane. Executive more developed countries, such as the United States has a variety of aircraft, 205000, executive annual flight hours already more than year of flight hours of flight. There are 1.5 enterprises with their own planes in public transportation. In the United States, is suitable for executive landing airport more: flight applicable airport less than 600, but to adapt to the airport for more than 5000 of medium-sized aircraft, suitable for small airport about 19000 flight. Business aviation companies or private operation of the executive is not limited by time of flight, not be restricted by destination, thus has good flexibility. Business aviation is a very safe and effective way to travel, using the business aviation can not only save time, can also ensure the trade secrets, reflect the positive image of an enterprise. By simply by the charter contract and proof of identity is boarding, don"t have to spend a few hours to check-in, customs clearance and waiting, without the rules of civil aviation transportation, you can according to the requirements of business activities to go, there is no limit to the flight schedules, if there is a temporary change, you can directly notified by telephone sets. Due to the official business and the performance is advanced, the airport requirements is not high, so widely applicable, can fly to many ordinary flights without shipment and can"t arrive at the airport, allows you to maximize use good money, time and human resources. Travel safety. No matter from the plane itself performance, maintenance level, or a record of the flight safety, executive is the most safe means of transportation in the world. Such as hawker beechcraft series executive from the world"s largest public/private aircraft manufacturer Raytheon, is by far the most widely used medium fighter jets. It has a better performance, greater ShangZai and farther distance. Executive of cabin design fully consider the business needs, not only has perfect service facilities, more excellent office environment. Passengers on the trip to discuss official business, effective utilization of air flight time in office. Executive shuttle important customers will impress customers!
2023-07-13 03:08:543

一段英语翻译!

栽培者在一个最小规模上生产药草和蔬菜, 通常移植一或较多的每次在种植的排蹒跚过了许多月, 和很少超过一或二个公顷每一农民。 美国合伙人在美国借了钱而且前进了它到那合作的以每月的方式。合作人然后前进被购买输入的栽培者大部分而且可能甚至运行或者支付土地准备费用。 栽培者负责劳动和水花费。 合作者以雇用的农艺学家的形式提供技术上的协助和 (在那越过) 农民教农民。 美国农民也已经投资很多的时间在-之上农场工作和在研究而且解决问题方面。 美国合伙人已经最后负责有害之物控制决定。 产品在飞往的它自己的车棚中被合作者包装那作为在商业的客机上的宽松的货物美国, 而且根据男人名的农场在市场上销售。
2023-07-13 03:09:031

请翻译下英文谢谢

算了,我还是不翻译这个了。我不理解ARG和MA代表什么啊,和boeing什么关系?并列的吗?楼主知道吗?
2023-07-13 03:09:115

急求短文阅读的答案

7.A8.D9.D10.A
2023-07-13 03:09:381

NASA将使用足球场大小的气球研究恒星

NASA is taking research to new heights -- and lengths -- with an ambitious uping mission. 美国航空航天局即将进行一项雄心勃勃的任务,将研究推向新的高度,同时也拓展了研究领域。 ASTHROS (Astrophysics Stratospheric Telescope for High Spectral Resolution Observations at Submillimeter-wavelengths) is a balloon that will carry a telescope into the stratosphere to study the co *** os and "observe wavelengths of light that aren"t visible from the ground " NASA says. 美国航空航天局说,ASTHROS(亚毫米波长高光谱分辨率观测的天体物理平流层望远镜)是一个气球,携带望远镜进入平流层研究宇宙,并“观察地面上看不到的波长”。 A gondola will be used beneath the balloon to carry the instrument as well as the telescope which is made up of an eight-foot antenna and several mirrors lenses and detectors. 气球下面有吊篮,装有器械和望远镜,望远镜上有八英尺天线和几个镜子、透镜和探测器。 To do this successfully ASTHROS has to hit an altitude of around 130 000 feet (roughly 24.6 miles) which is about four times higher than mercial airliners fly! As for the dimensions of the balloon itself it measures 400 feet wide -- about the size of a football stadium according to the release. 为了成功完成任务,ASTHROS需上升到约130 000英尺(约24.6英里)的高度,比商用客机飞行高度高出四倍!据透露,气球本身400英尺宽,约为一个足球场大小。 The team has put finishing touches on cooling and electronic systems involved and in August engineers will perform tests to make sure they run *** oothly. 该团队已完成冷却和相关电子系统的收尾工作,工程师们将于8月份进行测试,以确保运行平稳。 NASA says the balloon is expected to make o or three loops around the South Pole in about 21 to 28 days studying regions in the Milky Way galaxy newborn stars nitrogen ions and more. 美国航空航天局说预计这个气球将绕南极两到三圈,耗时约21-28天,研究银河系的区域、新生恒星、氮离子等。 After the mission is pleted operators will send mands that effectively separate the gondola which is connected to a parachute from the ballon. The gondola will then fall to the ground so the telescope can be collected and refurbished for future flights. 任务完成后,操作人员将发送指令使吊篮和气球有效分离,吊篮上绑有降落伞。吊篮将着陆,以便收回并翻新望远镜,以备未来之需。
2023-07-13 03:09:451

求:9 11事件和大海啸事件的英文报道

The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11—pronounced "nine eleven") consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly targeting civilians, carried out on Tuesday, September 11, 2001.That morning, 19 terrorists[2] affiliated with al-Qaeda[3] hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners. Each team of hijackers included a trained pilot. Two aircraft (United Airlines Flight 175 and American Airlines Flight 11) crashed into the World Trade Center in New York City, one plane into each tower (WTC 1 and WTC 2). Both towers collapsed within two hours, followed by WTC 7 later that day. The pilot of the third team crashed American Airlines Flight 77 into the Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia. Passengers and members of the flight crew on the fourth aircraft (United Airlines Flight 93) attempted to retake control of their plane from the hijackers; that plane crashed into a field near the town of Shanksville in rural Somerset County, Pennsylvania. As well as the 19 hijackers, a confirmed 2,973 people died and another 24 are missing but presumed dead as a result of these attacks.
2023-07-13 03:09:521

英文写作

Cindy 应该是女人的名字。 所以是 “她” 而不是“他”。Dear Cindy, I am very glad to receive your email. Hope everything is fine with you. As for your inquiry with regard to my past weekend, I spent the past weekend just like every weekend in the past six months, i.e., staying at home doing nothing except for eating/drinking, studying, and sleeping. During the weekends, I get so bored that I am both afraid of and scared of the forthcoming of weekends. I would like to make changes in the schedule during the weekend. However, life without you will never be exciting. That is the reason I am so looking forward to your coming to China next month. I have a lot of plans for us in terms of where we will go and what to do. Are you coming by Chinese airliners or American ones. Please email me your itinerary so that I can go to the airport to pick you up. Wish you a smooth journey and I"ll see you and talk to you then.Best regards,Cheng Zhang我就不给你中文翻译了。 你自己去理解,这样有助于提高你的英文。若有个别特殊的问题,可来问我。
2023-07-13 03:10:022

at all是什么意思

notatall一点也不;别客气Notatall是口语中一个十分常用的表达,由于其实际意思往往与其字面意思相去甚远,所以许多同学常常用错。本文拟就其在初中英语中的主要用法归纳如下,以帮助同学们正确使用它。一、用于回答感谢,意为“不用谢;不客气”。如:A:thankyouverymuch.多谢你了。B:Notatall.不客气。A:Thanksforhelpingme.谢谢你帮助我。B:Notatall.Ienjoyedit.别客气,很高兴能帮你。A:thankyouverymuch.非常感谢你。B:Notatall.ItwastheleastIcoulddo.不用谢,这是我应该做的。二、用于回答带有感谢性质的客套话,意为“没什么;哪里哪里”。如:A:Youareverykind.你真好。B:Notatall.没什么。A:It"sverykindofyou.你真客气。B:Notatall.哪里哪里。三、用于回答道歉,意为“没关系”。如:A:I"msorryI"mlate.对不起,我迟到了。B:Oh,notatall,docomein.噢,没关系,请进来。A:I"msorrytokeepyouwaiting.对不起,让你久等了。B:Oh,notatall.I"vebeenhereonlyafewminutes.哦,没关系,我也刚到几分钟。四、用来表示否定(是No的加强说法),意为“一点也不;完全不”。如:A:Areyoubusy?你忙吗?B:Notatall.一点不忙。A:IsitdifficulttostudyEnglish?英语难学吗?B:Notatall.一点不难。A:I"llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?我要因公出差,请帮我照看一下我的猫,你介意吗?B:Notatall.I"llbehappyto.一点不介意,我很乐意。
2023-07-13 03:02:332

YOU ARE GONNA GO FAR,KID歌词

歌名:You"re Gonna Go Far, Kid 歌手:Offspring 歌词: Show me how to lieYou"re getting better all the timeAnd turning all against oneis an art thats hard to teach Another clever wordsets off an unsuspecting herdAnd as you step back into linea mob jumps to their feetNow dance, fucker, danceman, he never had a chanceAnd no one even knewIt was really only you And now you steal awayTake him out todaynice work you did You"re gonna go far, kidWith a thousand liesAnd a good disguiseHit em" right between the eyesHit em" right between the eyeswhen you walk away,nothing more to say.see the lightning in your eyessee em" running for their livesslowly out of lineand drifting closer in your sightsSo play it all, I"m wide awakeIt"s a scene about meThere"s something in your wayAnd now someone is gonna payAnd if you can"t get what you wantWell, it"s all because of meNow dance, fucker, danceman he never had a chanceAnd no one even knewIt was really only you And now you lead the wayshow the light of daynice work you didYou"re gonna go far, kidTrust deceived!With a thousand liesAnd a good disguiseHit em" right between the eyesHit em" right between the eyeswhen you walk away Nothing more to saySee the lightning in your eyesSee them running for their livesNow dance, fucker, danceHe never had a chanceAnd no one even knewIt was really only youSo dance, fucker, danceI never had a chanceIt was really only youWith a thousand liesAnd a good disguiseHit em" right between the eyesHit em" right between the eyeswhen you walk away Nothing more to saySee the lightning in your eyes see them running for their livesclever alibislord of the fliesHit em" right between the eyesHit em" right between the eyeswhen you walk awayNothing more to saySee the lightning in your eyesSee em" running for their lives
2023-07-13 03:02:351

load complete什么意思

完整负荷
2023-07-13 03:02:354

慕课不考核会不会影响毕业?

看你在慕课上选择的课是否是学校要求的,如果是学校要求的,那么就会有影响。如果不是学校或者学院要求的,是你的兴趣的话,那么不参加考试也没有关系。相关如下慕课(MOOC),英文直译"大规模开放的在线课程(Massive Open Online Course)",是新近涌现出来的一种在线课程开发模式。所谓“慕课”(MOOC),顾名思义,“M”代表Massive(大规模),与传统课程只有几十个或几百个学生不同,一门MOOCs课程动辄上万人,最多达16万人;第二个字母“O”代表Open(开放),以兴趣导向,凡是想学习的,都可以进来学。不分国籍,只需一个邮箱,就可注册参与;第三个字母“O”代表Online(在线),学习在网上完成,无需旅行,不受时空限制;第四个字母“C”代表Course,就是课程的意思。MOOC是新近涌现出来的一种在线课程开发模式,它发端于过去的那种发布资源、学习管理系统以及将学习理系统与更多的开放网络资源综合起来的旧的课程开发模式 。通俗地说,慕课是大规模的网络开放课程,它是为了增强知识传播而由具有分享和协作精神的个人组织发布的、散布于互联网上的开放课程。
2023-07-13 03:02:311

unify,cohere,merge,consolidate,incorporate的区别

区别如下所示:unify,英语单词,主要用作为动词,意为“整合,联合;统一,使成一体”。cohere,英语单词,主要用作不及物动词,作不及物动词时译为“凝聚;连贯;粘着;一致”。merge是一个英语单词,动词,作及物动词时意思是“合并;使合并;吞没”,作不及物动词时意思是“合并;融合”。consolidate是一个英语单词,动词,意思是“巩固,使固定;联合”。incorporate,英语单词,动词,形容词,及物动词意思是“包含,吸收;体现;把合并”,不及物动词意思是“合并;混合;组成公司”,形容词意思是“合并的;一体化的;组成公司的”。
2023-07-13 03:02:291