托福口语独立题和综合题的解析

【 #英语口语# 导语】托福考生在准备和答题时，屏幕上会显示倒计时的时钟，每个回答的得分是0-4分。考查综合语言技能的题目的评分以回答的质量、完整性和准确性为依据。以下是 考 网整理的托福口语独立题和综合题的解析，欢迎阅读！

1.托福口语独立题和综合题的解析

　　准备时间为15秒，回答问题时间为45秒。题型要求考生就某一话题阐述自己的观点。问题会被朗读出来，同时会出现在屏幕上。第一道题要求考生根据题目表达自己的观点并解释原因。第二道题要求考生在两个相反的事物中选择一个并解释原因。

　　第二部分：四项综合题

　　第3题和第4题以考试中的阅读和听力材料为基础，要求考生先阅读一段文字然后再听一段与阅读文字在内容上相关的听力材料，要求考生回答相关问题。通常一道题是情景题，另一道是学术题，具体步骤是首先让考生在45秒内阅读一篇短文，一般只含一个自然段，随后短文隐去，播放一段与短文相关的对话或课堂演讲，其长度大约为1分半钟。

　　考生可以在听录音的过程中做笔记来帮助答题。最后，要求考生根据先前阅读的短文和播放的对话或课堂演讲回答相关问题，考生有30秒钟的准备时间，然后进行60秒钟的回答。

　　第五题和第六题集合了听、说的形式。相比第三、四题少了一份阅读材料。听力时间为60秒-120秒，准备时间为20秒，回答时间为60秒。 　　

2.托福口语的阅读节奏

　　新托福口语中的各类题型让许多考生感到不太适应，其中新托福的口语考试部分的第三题和第四题要求考生首先在45秒钟内读完100字左右长度的单一段落，一些考生担心，阅读速度的加快会影响阅读理解的准确率，因此读的时候没有信心，时快时慢，影响了口语成绩。

　　盲目追求阅读速度必然要影响阅读理解的质量。但我们应该做的是掌握正确的阅读节奏：“根据快和慢两种速度交替而成的节奏来变化自己的阅读速度。” 唱歌因韵律节奏而动听，说话因轻重缓急而悦耳，阅读也是一样，快慢相间的阅读速度才能收到良好的阅读效果。

　　我们知道，句子是由词组成的，但同一句中的各个词的分量不尽相同，有的起着关键的作用;段落是由句子构成的，然而同一段落中的各个句子的分量也是不尽相同的，有的是关键句、核心句，有的则起着辅助说明的作用，为阐述中心思想而服务。这些关键词、关键句表达的正是段落的重要信息，抓住了它们就等于抓住了段落的核心，就知道了什么地方应该加快速度，什么地方应该放慢速度，当然也就掌握了阅读节奏。

　　一般而言，对于关键词和关键句应该慢读，做到充分理解，牢牢把握;而对非关键词和非关键句应加快阅读速度，抢出时间，用以反复阅读重点句或归纳总结。

3.托福口语话题范文

　　有一些学生利用课外时间去做兼职，您认为这种做法可取吗?请阐述你的观点。

　　Is It Good for Students to Have Part-time Jobs?

　　Text

　　School Part-timers

　　More and more high school students in Beijing are turning their minds to ways of making money.

　　They are capitalizing on opportunities such as one group of students who went to the front gate of the Children"s Centre in the East District of Beijing when a film studio was there conducting auditions(1).

　　The group sold the young hopefuls(2) application forms at five fen a piece after getting the forms from the center for free.

　　Young entrepreneurs are also capitalizing on high demand commodities not always available away from the big shopping centres(3). Birthday or greeting cards are an example. One department store estimated that 80 per cent of its sales of cards are to students for resale.

　　Xial Li, a junior high school student at Fengtai District in the southwest region of the capital, spent 40 yuan buying cards from downtown shops just before the last Spring Festival.

　　She sold them at her school and schools nearby at prices 15 to 20 per cent higher than what she had paid. In a month, she earned 100 yuan, representing a 250 per cent return on her initial investment.

　　A senior high school student who had been selling cards has now become an amateur wholesale dealer(4). His wholesale price is 8 per cent higher than his purchasing price and 10 per cent lower than the retail price(5). Within two months, the had earned several hundred yuan in profits.

　　Many students have merged their activities to avoid price wars.(6) For example, in an area with few State-owned shops and far from the city center, student union heads from the schools there have reached an agreement on card prices. The agreement says prices may be higher than at the downtown shops but lower than at the peddlers" stalls.

　　Card-selling is just a beginning. Some students turn their eyes to other more profitable ventures.

　　Take one senior high school sophomore who has developed a flourishing business selling photos of famous people. He even has his own name card that reads: The High School Student Corporation Ltd of Exploitation of New Technology(7).

　　The student carries a portfolio(8) of the photos around with him in an album to show his young customers. He offers a wide variety of photos, from American movie star Sylvester Stallone in Rambo pose to Taiwan"s famous singer Qi Qin(9).

　　"These all depend on my high quality camera," he boasts and explains how he clopped the pictures from magazines, photographed them and then developed the prints into various sizes. He has sold hundreds. Another student is mow an amateur salesman for a company and earns a three per cent commission(10) on each sale.

　　When he had earned 300 yuan through his own efforts, he said, "I feel that I have really become an adult."

　　Most of the money the students earn is spent on themselves. They can buy high-priced items like a pair of running shoes which can cost as much as 100 yuan-a month"s salary for an average worker. Few parents can afford such luxuries.

　　Some students find work to help them realize their dreams of career.

　　Qian Qian wants to become an actress. In her spare time she attends a class outside school that costs 80 yuan a month in tuition, an amount which her parents cannot afford to pay. So she found a job as a waitress in a coffee house to earn her tuition fee.

　　Some students get into business for other reasons besides the money.

　　Zou Yue, a female student, from a fairly wealthy family, took a job because, she said, "Business can cultivate a sense of competition, which is very important for us in the future."

　　A student who once sold cards said young people are encouraged to be independent.

　　"But how?" he asked. "You can never be independent unless you can support yourself financially."

　　He felt after-school work enhanced a young person"s social development, too.

　　Practical experience in the workforce has been stipulated by the State Commission of Education(11) as a compulsory programme. This is now closely related with economic benefits among high school students.

　　One student, sent by her school to work as a shop assistant at a temple fair, earned five yuan a day for a seven-hour shift behind the counter.

　　"I had a sore throat after working for a few days, but I had to hold on", she said.

　　"I wanted to earn the money and also prove that I was an able girl."

　　These temporary job stints(12) give high school students an insight into what work and incomes are all about.

　　A job at a State-owned cinema my only earn a worker 40 or 50 yuan a month. But a job with a self-employed trader, may earn the assistant 8 or 10 yuan a day. A writer may get about 20 yuan for an article in a newspaper or a magazine, but a clothes keeper in a swimming pool may earn at least 200 yuan a month.

4.托福口语间接转述的方法

　　口语复述的实质是将听到的和看到的话语用自己的话以口头方式再转达出来。“直接引述”是直接引用说话人的原话，而要用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来就称为“间接转述”。托福口语考试中一般应采用“间接转述”的方法：针对特定问题，用自己的话把读到、听到的对话内容或演讲内容再重复出来。对考生来说，这当然是一个更高层次的要求。因为，首先要听得懂、读得懂别人的观点，其次才能在此基础上进行加工处理，变为自己的语言再陈述出准确意思来。

　　请看下面几例：

　　例1：My mother said: “I"m so tired that I don"t want to cook. Shall we eat out tonight?”

　　My mother said that she was so tired that she didn"t want to cook and she suggested that we should eat out that day.

　　例2：Tom said: “I"ve already seen the film.”

　　Tom said that he had already seen the film.

　　间接转述应注意以下几点规则：

　　⑴ 在转述的引语前一般要用连词that：(如例1、例2所示);

　　⑵ 要根据意思改变人称(如例4所示);

　　⑶ 当要转述的言语为连贯的话语时，应用go on(继续)，continue(接着)，add(补充)等，以及各种引述动词，如：note(指明)，remark(谈及)

　　⑷ 间接转述不是重复原话，因此，时态要有所变动。一般来讲，现在时变为过去时，过去时变为过去完成时。指示代词、地点及时间状语也要作必要改动。这种改动大致可参照下表进行。 ⑷ 间接转述不是重复原话，因此，时态要有所变动。一般来讲，现在时变为过去时，过去时变为过去完成时。指示代词、地点及时间状语也要作必要改动。这种改动大致可参照下表进行。

5.托福口语的常见短语

　　指示代词this (place)

　　these (places)that (place)

　　those (places)

　　时间状语now

　　today, tonight

　　this week (month, etc.)

　　yesterday

　　last week (month, etc.)

　　two days (a year, etc. ) ago

　　tomorrow

　　next week (month, etc.)then

　　that day, that night

　　that week (month, etc.)

　　the day before, the previous day

　　the week (month, etc.) before

　　two days (a year, etc.) before (earlier)

　　the next (following) day

　　the next (following) week (month, etc.)

　　表地点的词herethere

　　动词come, bringgo, take