高中英语单词

英语年份怎么读，我记得有些要两个分开的，有些要一起读的？急！ 大多数年份都是分开读 前两个数一组 后两个数一组 如1995 Nieen niy five 1877 Eignteen seventy seven 但如果年份中间两位均为0，比如2005，那就是Two thousand and five，或者是后面两位的数字为11到19之间，如2015 o thousand fifteen 合在一起 读法与读千位数字一样。不过这个区间的年份，拆开来读的读法也是可以的。 但是到2020 就又是enty enty了 怎么把两个分开的表格连线在一起 word 如图俩个表格2.把两个表格之间的空行去掉以后，虽然两个表格连线在一起，但其实两个表格还是独立的表格。点选表格左上方的“表格属性”按钮。3.在“表格属性”视窗中，将两个表格的文字环绕方式都设定成“无”。4.再删除两个独立表格之间的空行，就可以轻松的将两个表格进行合并。 英语觉得有些词 句子难读 怎么办 难读是因为你不熟 我是一个高考的过来人，高考成绩129分，平时大考碰狗屎运也考过130+的分数。首先我想请阁下明白一个道理冰冻三尺非一日之寒，所以坚持很重要，英语是一门很看重积累的科目。 虽然我高考已经好多年了，而且今年即将大学毕业，踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢，英语一直是我的排头兵！我对英语的自信还有，我觉得学好英语不难，重要的是你要有恒心，急躁冒进，三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧： 首先先你要端正心态，不要急躁，，你做你自己的事，这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路，做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实，英语是单词和语法的综合，所以单词和语法都要拿下。 其次，对于单词，有如下几种方法，第一个，是加强记忆的频度，也就是说，早上记了几个，隔几个小时又看一次，总之一天之内，记忆的间隔不要太长，否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化，第二个，是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜，比如good morning 是狗摸你…（见笑了）…，第三个，最重要的是，记单词的时候，不要忘了阅读，一边记单词，一边看文章，这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来，记忆的效果会加倍，第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆，要形成一个意群，比如，重要性用magnitude magnificence ，表示非常，大大地有exceedingly，tremendously，extremely……这样做在你写作时，是十分有好处的，写作时不要尽写一些低阶词汇，你要写高阶词汇，比如重要性写magnitude，许多写a multitude of 或者handsome。 再次，是语法。学习语法，首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补，什么是系动词，什么是直接宾语，间接宾语，这些是学习语法的基础，语法是房子，主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦。然后就要多做一些语法专项练习，并在此过程中不断总结，并时时回顾那些了解，那些依然不理解，需要注意的是，那些不理解的一定要花时间弄清楚，否则对自己的不负责将会导致英语语法一知半解的结局！这对于想成为英语高手的人来说，是十分不利的！（注：本人从开始时不知主谓宾，到熟练掌握语法，把语法书看了不下二十遍，书都翻烂了！莫笑本人愚笨……） 此外，对于完形填空以及阅读理解，那就只能靠平时的练习了，在这个过程中，你要时时总结，纵深对比，千万不要陷入题海战术只做题，不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中，你把各种体型都总结了一遍，积累了丰富的经验，而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度，一举两得，所以做题是很重要的！其实，完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析，也就是说，做完形填空你的语法要好，而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配，短语，特殊用法等，完形填空的语法还是很重要的！对于阅读，我个人感觉是，纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题，只有保证一定的练习量，你才能用质的提高！ 最后，我建议你，平时读报，或者做题的时候，发现有好的句子好的词汇，你要抄下来，长期下来，你的作文会有提高的，需要说明的是，这个提高过程可能很缓慢，但是最后能收到很好的效果，以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别，靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高阶的词汇，句型，句子。我个人的理解是，在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上，作文便应该以词汇取胜，因为在这个层次上，大家的语法都差不多，没什么变化，唯一有变化的就是你的词汇！给你打个比方吧，很多想到“许多”就用many，但是你别忘了many a ；handsome；massive，innumerable；很多人想到“专家”就写expert，但很少人会想到specialist，很多人在想到“擅长”这词，就写be good at ，却不知还有更高阶的表达法：be expert at 或者excel in ……高手和庸才，就体现在这些细微的差别上 ！ 如利用PHOTOSHOP将两个分开的人合在一起？ 把A 人用滑鼠拉到B 人旁边 拉的时候按住ALT 就可以了！ 用ALTA+T 调整大小 然后字换背景！ 的分开的两个字读什么? ◎ 勺 sháo 〈名〉 (1) (象形。本义:古代舀酒器) (2) 同本义。泛指舀东西的器具,有柄 [ladle;scoop;spoon] 勺,挹取也。象形。中有实,与包同意。——《说文》 勺,枓也。——《一切经音义》引《说文》 勺一升。——《考工记·梓人》 黄金勺。——《周礼·玉人》。注:“酒尊中勺也。” 宾勺。——《仪礼·士冠礼》。注:“尊升所以处酒也。” (3) 如:饭勺;炒勺(炒菜用的有柄铁锅);马勺;掌勺儿;勺水(一勺水。指少量的水);勺铎(方言。不聪敏);勺饮(一勺汤水);面粉勺;谷勺;量勺 (4) 容量单位名。历代不同 [a unit of a capacity] 一勺之多。——《礼记·中庸》 十撮为一抄,十抄为一勺,十勺为一合。——《孙子算经》 (5) 计量单位“升”的百分之一 [old unit of capacity about one centilitre]。如:市勺 我在学英语，有些不会读的怎么办？ 在学英语的过程中，遇到不会读的陌生词 可以通过 查字典，学会用音标，拼读单词 如果实在不会的话 条件允许可以利用网路 比如有道词典，可以帮你读出来，但这种方式不可依赖 :blog.onlylady./blog-11274889-10366312. 贱分开的两个字读什么？ 戋 jiān形容少，细微，如“～～微物”，“为数～～”。 行　分开的两个字，读音 “彳”读音是chì，第四声。 “亍”读音是chù，第四声。 英语年份的读法1907这个要怎么读 1907年 英文有两种读法： nieen o/zero seven one thousand and seven

阅读理解（1）The announcement that England�s mad cow disease was involved in 10 cases of a fatal human brain disorder has been met with understandable hysteria.The market for British beef collapsed,100,000 farmer�s jobs are in jeopardy,and the government is trying to defuse a crisis that could cause billions of dollars in loses.But what is striking about the situation is how sharply the decisive public reaction to the crisis contrasts with the cautious language in the announcement.Scientists said consumption of contaminated beef was “the most likely explanation” for 10 cases of a similar human illness called Creutzfeldt�Jakob disease—nothing more definite than that.The crisis is a telling example of a phenomenon occurring ever more frequently: A complex scientific debate I suddenly thrust upon an anxious public that is ill�equipped to understand it.Instant communications,combined with the greater willingness of government and industry leaders to go public with their scientific disputes,trigger concern.The core of real science gets overwhelmed by a flurry of “junk science”—conflicting statements by politicians,confusing press reports,legal depositions,even dueling ads.The real problem is the nature of scientific inquiry,which inevitably involves uncertainty.Researchers cannot say conclusively whether mad cow disease poses a risk to humans.They don�t know the extent of the epidemic or how it can be stopped.Indeed,they can�t even agree on the cause.“This is tremendously difficult for the public to sort out.If scientists are disagreeing,what�s the citizen to presume?” asks Paul Slovic,an American psychologist at Decision Research in Eugene.One lesson to be drawn from the mad cow crisis is that government shouldnt cut funding for basic research,which can help prevent tomorrow�s crises.But the only real solution is for government and industry leaders to use scientific information responsibly.Unresolved scientific disputes have become a fact ofmodern life.Nothing else so clearly illustrates science�s limits.1.The announcement indicating the connection between the mad cow disease and the fatal human brain disorder has brought about .A) a drastic decline in beef consumptionB) unemployment of 100,000 farmersC) the British government�s decisive action to prevent future crisesD) scientific disputes concerning the nature of Creutzfeldt�Jakob disease2.We can infer from the passage that Creutzeldt�Jakob disease .A) is an epidemic fatal to humans as well as to cattleB) is caused by eating contaminated beefC) is incurable but preventableD) is still under scientific investigation3.In the author�s opinion,which of the following should NOT be held responsible for the crisis?A) Uncertainty of scientific inquiries.B) Irresponsibility of government officials in using scientific information.C) Misleading news reports written by journalists.D) Advertisements competing for public attention and market.4.Which of the following does the author regard as the most important in preventing future crises of this kind?A) The government should give more money to basic research.B) The public should not be officially given scientific information which might lead tconfusion.C) Government and industry leaders should be more responsible in handling scientific information.D) Scientists should settle their disputes before informing the public of their discoveries.5.To the author,the way in which the public reacted to the announcement is .A) incomprehensible B) ridiculousC) justifiable D) illogical语言注释1.defuse v.缓和，平息、减少危险性、紧张程度或敌对程度2.Creutzfeldt�Jakob 克雅氏症3.flurry n.骚动，混乱骚动或突然的爆发4.deposition n.宣誓作证(尤指通过写下的证词或记录的形式作出的，今后在法庭上使用的证词)答案1.A 本题答案主要依据文章第一段。本段中心为疯牛病的消息带来的后果。第一句是本段的主题句——英国宣布疯牛病与10例致命的人脑疾病有关。这一声明引起了公众的极度不安，是可以理解的。第二句中讲述了三个具体的细节说明后果：牛肉市场销量骤减，10万农民面临失业的危险，政府正努力缓解损失可达数十亿美元的危机。由此可见，选项A的陈述是准确的。2.D 第二段中这样一些信息是理解的关键：…the cautious language…consumption of contaminated beef was “the most likely explanation” for …nothing more definite than that。依据这些线索可知文中未被提及选项A、C的内容；选项B的内容所给信息不符。故正确答案为D。3.A 本题涉及造成这场危机的原因，判断应依据第三、四段。作者认为，不确定性在科学研究中是不可避免的(…the nature of scientific inquiry,which inevitably involves uncertainty…)，而现代生活中总是存在着悬而未决的科学争论(…Unsolved scientific disputes have become a fact of modern life)。而此次危机的起因是政客和企业领导急于公布没有定论的研究结果、混乱的新闻报道、法律证词、甚至相互竞争的广告等大量的伪科学(junk scientific)淹没了科学的真相(the core of real science)。由此可知，正确答案应为A。4.C 作者在最后一段中总结了由此次危机中获得的经验教训，因此只有选项A、B与本题中涉及的问题相关。在这里考生必须准确理解题干的要点——最重要的方法(the most important)，并且准确把握文中作者语气的轻重。But the only real solution is …之后才是问题的答案所在。5.C 本题中要求考生准确理解作者对整件事情的态度。作者以疯牛病造成的恐慌为引子，意在批评政府和企业界领袖在没有科学定论的情况下就把相互矛盾的信息公之于众的做法。全文中提供了许多线索表明作者对公众恐慌的理解，如understandable hysteria…tremendously difficult for the public to sort out.If scientists are disagreeing,whats the citizen to presume? 由此可知，正确答案为C(justifiable，可理解的)。（2）Now and then,researchers retreat from the trackless jungle at the edge of knowledge and set up camp in more familiar territory.Such expeditions don "t often yield surprises,but it"s always reassuring to know that the back yard looks much as we thought it did. Among those scientists were psychologists from the State University of the New York at Stony Brook.To prove their theory—that people are more likely to yell at a family member or a peer than a superior—they asked 100 college students to wear blood�pressure cuffs and to keep notes about when they got angry and what they did about it.The momentous conclusion: people tend to bottle up anger felt toward an authority figure,and are more likely to vent it instead at family members or friends.While these findings are far from earth�shattering,one researcher pointed out that nobody had ever looked at anger this way before. Big words can make a self�evident result seem weightier.Psychologists at the National Institute for Healthcare Research in Maryland used this technique when they announced that when one person hurts another,forgiveness “isassociated with restored relational closeness following an interpersonal transgression.” Couples who have adopted the kiss�and�make�up strategy will no doubt be pleased to learn that there is now a sound scientific basis for their actions.Psychologists,however,aren�t the only ones taking pains to prove the obvious.Some boldly going where few have gone don�t always lead to radical conclusions.Over the years,researchers have set up weather�monitoring stations in remote areas of Antarctica.According to data from stations on the Ross Ice Shelf—where almost all those taking part in Robert Scott�s ill�fated South Pole expedition perished sometime between late February and mid�March of 1912—temperatures as low as those recorded in Scott�s journal have been documented only once in the past 15 years.This evidence led to one inexorable conclusion about what killed Scott and most of his party: it was the cold.1.According to the author,the scientists who do researches in more familiar territory .A) have confirmed what we have already knownB) have looked at things in new waysC) have done some useless workD) have had important discoveries by studying the obvious2.Which of the following is NOT true according to the psychologists at Stony Brook?A) They have looked at anger in a unique way.B) When people get angry,their blood pressure changes.C) People tend to let off their grievance at home.D) People are less likely to show their anger to their family members.3.The psychologists in Maryland have proved that when one person hurts another, .A) it is easier for them to make up if they have very close relationsB) it is easier for them to make up if they show their intimacyC) they should find a sound scientific basis to make upD) they should kiss each other to make it up4.According to the research on the Ross Ice Shelf,Robert Scott�sexpedition failed because .A) most of the expeditors couldn�t stand hardshipsB) it was exceptionally cold on Antarctica that yearC) Robert Scott should not have chosen to go there in winterD) Robert Scott did not pay much attention to the temperature record of An tarctica5.It is implied in the passage that .A) what scientists say is not necessarily importantB) bold researches would lead to radical conclusionC) people should not bottle up their anger at their family member or friendsD) researchers should shift from the edge of knowledge to familiar fields语言注释1.Now and then,researchers retreat from the trackless jungle at the edge of knowledge and set up camp in more familiar territory.此句中作者用了暗喻的手法，将知识的前沿比作荆棘密布的丛林，将人们熟知的领域比作宿营地。以此批评研究者为了获取研究成果，不愿探索新的科学领域，而谨慎地选择了所熟悉的领域，仅仅满足于一些对人类认知的进步毫无益处的所谓的科学发现。2.momentous adj.重大的、重要的3.…that when one person hurts another,forgiveness “is associated withrestored relational closeness following an interpersonal transgression.”当一个人伤害了另一个人，原谅与否取决于在双方发生冲突之后，是否恢复了以往的亲昵关系。4.inexorable adj.无情的答案1.C 在文章开头，作者就直接指出科研领域里的一个现象——研究者不去探索新的知识领域，而为了稳妥只研究一些熟悉的领域。对此作者认为这样的研究不会带来任何实际的好处(such expedition don�t often yield surprises…)。在这种意义上，这种研究是没有价值的研究。故C为正确答案。2.D根据第二段中的研究结果可知正确答案为D。解题的关键是考生要准确理解…people tend to bottle up anger felt toward an authority figure,and are more likely to vent it instead at family members or friends一句的含义。此句中bottle up意为“控制”，vent意为“放出、排出、发泄(感情等)”。3.B第三段中作者指出，一些研究结果使本来显而易见的事实显得更加重要。作者评论了马里兰国家健康研究所的研究结果，夫妻之间争吵后用来和解的惯用手段，以及两者之间的关系。并以此为例证明了自己的观点。由此可知B为正确答案。4.B根据文章最后一段可知，Scott等在南极之旅中全部丧生的真正原因是那次科考中他们遇到了前所未有的严寒天气。故正确答案为B。5.A通读全篇，不难体会作者对科研领域中这种怪现象的讽刺和否定的态度，由此暗示了作者的观点——科学家的研究结果不一定有重要的意义。选项B、C、D中所陈述的内容与文中事实不符。故正确答案为A。（3）Scientists have developed a slimming drug that successfully suppresses appetite and results in a dramatic loss of weight without any apparent ill effects. The drug interferes with appetite control and prevents the build�up of fatty tissue.More importantly,the drug appears to prevent a serious decline inmetabolic rate—causing tiredness and lethargy—which is typically associated with living on a starvation diet.As a result,mice taking the drug lost 45 percent more weight than mice fed the same amount of food,which compensate for the lack of food by becoming more sluggish.The scientists,from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore,said that C75 is likely to produce a similar effect on humans because appetite control in the brain is thought to be based largely on the same chemical pathways as those in mice.“We are not claiming to have found the fabled weight�loss drug.What we have found,using C75,is a major pathway in the brain that the body usesnaturally in regulating appetite at least in mice,” said Francis Kuhajda,apathologist and senior team member.“We badly need effective drugs for weight loss.Obesity is a huge problem.We�re hoping to explore the possibilities of this new pathway,” he said.Discovering a biochemical pathway in the brain that controls appetite raises new prospects for developing slimming aids.Research on leptin,ahormone produced in fatty tissue for controlling fat deposits,has so far failed to produce the expected slimming drug breakthrough.The latest study,published in the journal Science,showed that even moderate doses of C75 produced a significant loss of appetite,which returned to normal after a few days.Human studies are being planned. The scientists believe that C75,which they produced synthetically in the laboratory,binds to an enzyme called fatty acid sythase,which is involved in storing excess food intake as fat.Inhibiting the enzyme caused a build�up of achemical in the liver which acts as a precursor to fat deposition.This precursor is thought to have an indirect effect on the brain,causing appetite suppression.Normally,when animals fast,a hormone called neuropeptide Y increases sharply in the appetite�control centers of the brain,stimulating the desire for food.However,when animals are given C75,levels of this hormone fall,leading to a loss of interest in food.Dr Kuhajda said discovering that C75 has no effecon metabolic rate is one of the most significant findings of thestudy.“If you try to lose weight by starving,your metabolism slows down after a few days,”he said.“It�s a survival mechanism that sabotages many diets.We see this in fasting mice.Yet metabolic rate in the C75�treated mice doesn�t slow at all.”Further animals studies will be needed before C75 could be tested on humans. 1.Living on a starvation diet may result in . A) a dramatic loss of weight without any ill effects B) a long�term loss of interest in eating C) a slowdown of fat deposition D) fatigue and inactivity 2.The scientists from the Johns Hopkins University said that C75,the slimming drug proved effective in mice,is likely to work on humans because. A) the chemical pathway responsible for appetite control in human is believed to be the same as that in mice B) it is a major pathway in the brain which is activated to regulate appetite C) it is especially effective in the battle against obesity D) its effect has also been proved by human studies 3.Leptin . A) refers to a new biochemical pathway in the brain that controls appetite B) raises new prospects for developing slimming drugs C) is a hormone produced in fatty tissue for controlling fat build�up D) has turned to a breakthrough in the search

1. Call us and we will send the flowers to your door. (be delivered to )2. His efforts were not in vain. Finally, he obtained his master"s degree. ((in vain )3. Peace, stbililt and runficition can greaty promote the develoment of a nation4. Many people who lve in cities prefer to live nthecountryside5. You are very much like my Englisnteacher. You are kind and patient

我看翻译就免了吧，以下是这篇阅读的题和答案，，希望采纳！！57.When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel”(Line 4, Para. 1)in the writing process, he means ________. A) no one can be both creative and critical B) they cannot be regarded as equally important C) they are in constant conflict with each other D) one cannot use them at the same time 58.What prevents people from writing on is ________. A) putting their ideas in raw form B) attempting to edit as they write C) ignoring grammatical soundness D) trying to capture fleeting thoughts 59.What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing? A) To organize one‘s thoughts logically. B) To choose an appropriate topic. C) To get one‘s ideas down. D) To collect raw materials. 60.One common concern of writers about “free writing”is that ________. A) it overstresses the role of the creative mind B) it takes too much time to edit afterwards C) it may bring about too much criticism D) it does not help them to think clearly 61.In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process? A) It refines his writing into better shape. B) It helps him to come up with new ideas. C) It saves the writing time available to him. D) It allows him to sit on the side and observe. 57.D 58.B 59.C 60.D 61.A

　　下面是我为大家带来的狄兰·托马斯的优美 英语诗歌 ，希望大家喜欢! 　 　狄兰·托马斯英语诗歌：Admit the sun 　　Admit the sun into your high nest 　　准许阳光射入你高高的巢穴， 　　Where the eagle is a strong bird 　　鹰是一只强壮的鸟， 　　And where the light comes cautiously 　　光小心翼翼地射入巢穴， 　　To find and then to strike; 　　寻觅随后撞击; 　　Let the frost harden 　　让寒霜硬化， 　　And the shining rain 　　闪闪发亮的雨 　　Drop onto your wings, 　　落在你的翅翼之上， 　　Bruising the tired feathers. 　　挫伤疲惫不堪的羽毛。 　　I build a fortress from a heap of flowers; 　　我从一堆花中建起一座堡垒; 　　Wisdom is stored with the clove 　　智慧储存丁香 　　And the head of the bright poppy. 　　以及那一簇闪亮的罂粟。 　　I bury, I travel to find pride 　　我埋葬，我旅行，自豪地 　　In the age of Lady Frankincense 　　在乳香女士这样的年龄， 　　Lifting her smell over the city buildings. 　　香气四溢，弥漫城市的建筑。 　　Where is there greater love 　　哪里有更大的爱， 　　For the muscular and the victorious 　　肌肉发达，大获全胜， 　　Than in the gull and the fierce eagle 　　甚过鸥鸟和凶猛的鹰， 　　Who do not break? 　　谁又不能打破? 　　Take heed of strength! 　　留意一种力量! 　　It is a weapon that can turn back 　　一种武器可以止步向前 　　From the well-made hand 　　从做工精良的手 　　Out of the air it strikes. 　　从撞击的空气中。 　　 狄兰·托马斯英语诗歌：I have come to catch your voice 　　I have come to catch your voice, 　　我来领会你的声音， 　　Your constructed notes going out of the throat 　　你构思的音符，在喉口翻涌， 　　With dry, mechanical gestures, 　　干涩呆板的手势， 　　To catch the shaft 　　赶上这束光， 　　Although it is so straight and unbending; 　　尽管如此的直接而决然; 　　Then, when I open my mouth, 　　然后，当我开口亮嗓， 　　The light will come in an unwavering line. 　　光就会进来，成一条坚定的直线。 　　Then to catch night 　　随后赶上夜晚， 　　Wading through her dark cave on ferocious wings. 　　展开凶猛的翅翼，涉水蹚过她黑暗的洞穴。 　　Oh, eagle-mouthed, 　　哦，鹰嘴， 　　I have come to pluck you, 　　我来拔下你， 　　And take away your exotic plumage, 　　拔走你外来的羽毛， 　　Although your anger is not a slight thing, 　　尽管你的愤怒不是件小事， 　　Take you into my own place 　　带你进入我的领地， 　　Where the frost can never fall, 　　那里不见 霜降 ， 　　Nor the petals of any flower drop. 　　更不见一片花瓣落下。 　　 狄兰·托马斯英语诗歌：The Oak 　　Fierce colours fled about the branches, 　　强烈的色泽逃离枝丫， 　　Enveloping the ragged leaves unseen and strewn. 　　裹起凋零撒落的叶子，视而不见。 　　Hazardous reflections dipped in evening 　　危险的倒影，浸泡在夜晚， 　　Hover, making the forest fluctuantly vague. 　　升腾，令森林茫然，起伏不安。 　　Something austere hides, something uncertain 　　掩饰些微干涩，些微不定， 　　Beneath the deep bark calls and makes quiet music. 　　树皮深处声声呼唤，乐音无声。 　 　狄兰·托马斯英语诗歌：Clown in the Moon 　　My tears are like the quiet drift 　　我的眼泪仿佛花瓣的飘零 　　Of petals from some magic rose; 　　静静地飘自神奇的玫瑰; 　　And all my grief flows from the rift 　　而我所有的忧伤飘自裂隙 　　Of unremembered skies and snows. 　　飘自雪花和遗忘的天空。 　　I think, that if I touched the earth, 　　我以为，如果我感动大地， 　　It would crumble; 　　大地就会崩溃; 　　It is so sad and beautiful, 　　如此的悲伤而美丽， 　　So tremendously like a dream. 　　如此的相似，宛如一个梦。

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《坎特伯雷故事集》介绍 ContextThe Canterbury Tales is the most famous and critically acclaimed work of Geoffrey Chaucer, a late-fourteenth-century English poet. Little is known about Chaucer"s personal life, and even less about his education, but a number of existing records document his professional life. Chaucer was born in London in the early 1340s, the only son in his family. Chaucer"s father, originally a property-owning wine merchant, became tremendously wealthy when he inherited the property of relatives who had died in the Black Death of 1349. He was therefore able to send the young Geoffrey off as a page to the Countess of Ulster, which meant that Geoffrey was not required to follow in his ancestors" footsteps and become a merchant. Eventually, Chaucer began to serve the countess"s husband, Prince Lionel, son to King Edward III. For most of his life, Chaucer served in the Hundred Years War between England and France, both as a soldier and, since he was fluent in French and Italian and conversant in Latin and other tongues, as a diplomat. His diplomatic travels brought him twice to Italy, where he might have met Boccaccio, whose writing influenced Chaucer"s work, and Petrarch.In or around 1378, Chaucer began to develop his vision of an English poetry that would be linguistically accessible to all—obedient neither to the court, whose official language was French, nor to the Church, whose official language was Latin. Instead, Chaucer wrote in the vernacular, the English that was spoken in and around London in his day. Undoubtedly, he was influenced by the writings of the Florentines Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio, who wrote in the Italian vernacular. Even in England, the practice was becoming increasingly common among poets, although many were still writing in French and Latin.That the nobles and kings Chaucer served (Richard II until 1399, then Henry IV) were impressed with Chaucer"s skills as a negotiator is obvious from the many rewards he received for his service. Money, provisions, higher appointments, and property eventually allowed him to retire on a royal pension. In 1374, the king appointed Chaucer Controller of the Customs of Hides, Skins and Wools in the port of London, which meant that he was a government official who worked with cloth importers. His experience overseeing imported cloths might be why he frequently describes in exquisite detail the garments and fabric that attire his characters. Chaucer held the position at the customhouse for twelve years, after which he left London for Kent, the county in which Canterbury is located. He served as a justice of the peace for Kent, living in debt, and was then appointed Clerk of the Works at various holdings of the king, including Westminster and the Tower of London. After he retired in the early 1390s, he seems to have been working primarily on The Canterbury Tales, which he began around 1387. By the time of his retirement, Chaucer had already written a substantial amount of narrative poetry, including the celebrated romance Troilus and Criseyde.Chaucer"s personal life is less documented than his professional life. In the late 1360s, he married Philippa Roet, who served Edward III"s queen. They had at least two sons together. Philippa was the sister to the mistress of John of Gaunt, the duke of Lancaster. For John of Gaunt, Chaucer wrote one of his first poems, The Book of the Duchess, which was a lament for the premature death of John"s young wife, Blanche. Whether or not Chaucer had an extramarital affair is a matter of some contention among historians. In a legal document that dates from 1380, a woman named Cecily Chaumpaigne released Chaucer from the accusation of seizing her (raptus), though whether the expression denotes that he raped her, committed adultery with her, or abducted her son is unclear. Chaucer"s wife Philippa apparently died in 1387.Chaucer lived through a time of incredible tension in the English social sphere. The Black Death, which ravaged England during Chaucer"s childhood and remained widespread afterward, wiped out an estimated thirty to fifty percent of the population. Consequently, the labor force gained increased leverage and was able to bargain for better wages, which led to resentment from the nobles and propertied classes. These classes received another blow in 1381, when the peasantry, helped by the artisan class, revolted against them. The merchants were also wielding increasing power over the legal establishment, as the Hundred Years War created profit for England and, consequently, appetite for luxury was growing. The merchants capitalized on the demand for luxury goods, and when Chaucer was growing up, London was pretty much run by a merchant oligarchy, which attempted to control both the aristocracy and the lesser artisan classes. Chaucer"s political sentiments are unclear, for although The Canterbury Tales documents the various social tensions in the manner of the popular genre of estates satire, the narrator refrains from making overt political statements, and what he does say is in no way thought to represent Chaucer"s own sentiments.Chaucer"s original plan for The Canterbury Tales was for each character to tell four tales, two on the way to Canterbury and two on the way back. But, instead of 120 tales, the text ends after twenty-four tales, and the party is still on its way to Canterbury. Chaucer either planned to revise the structure to cap the work at twenty-four tales, or else left it incomplete when he died on October 25, 1400. Other writers and printers soon recognized The Canterbury Tales as a masterful and highly original work. Though Chaucer had been influenced by the great French and Italian writers of his age, works like Boccaccio"s Decameron were not accessible to most English readers, so the format of The Canterbury Tales, and the intense realism of its characters, were virtually unknown to readers in the fourteenth century before Chaucer. William Caxton, England"s first printer, published The Canterbury Tales in the 1470s, and it continued to enjoy a rich printing history that never truly faded. By the English Renaissance, poetry critic George Puttenham had identified Chaucer as the father of the English literary canon. Chaucer"s project to create a literature and poetic language for all classes of society succeeded, and today Chaucer still stands as one of the great shapers of literary narrative and character.Language in The Canterbury TalesThe Canterbury Tales is written in Middle English, which bears a close visual resemblance to the English written and spoken today. In contrast, Old English (the language of Beowulf, for example) can be read only in modern translation or by students of Old English. Students often read The Canterbury Tales in its original language, not only because of the similarity between Chaucer"s Middle English and our own, but because the beauty and humor of the poetry—all of its internal and external rhymes, and the sounds it produces—would be lost in translation.The best way for a beginner to approach Middle English is to read it out loud. When the words are pronounced, it is often much easier to recognize what they mean in modern English. Most Middle English editions of the poem include a short pronunciation guide, which can help the reader to understand the language better. For particularly difficult words or phrases, most editions also include notes in the margin giving the modern versions of the words, along with a full glossary in the back. Several online Chaucer glossaries exist, as well as a number of printed lexicons of Middle English.The Order of The Canterbury TalesThe line numbers cited in this SparkNote are based on the line numbers given in The Riverside Chaucer, the authoritative edition of Chaucer"s works. The line numbering in The Riverside Chaucer does not run continuously throughout the entire Canterbury Tales, but it does not restart at the beginning of each tale, either. Instead, the tales are grouped together into fragments, and each fragment is numbered as a separate whole.Nobody knows exactly what order Chaucer intended to give the tales, or even if he had a specific order in mind for all of them. Eighty-two early manuscripts of the tales survive, and many of them vary considerably in the order in which they present the tales. However, certain sets of tales do seem to belong together in a particular order. For instance, the General Prologue is obviously the beginning, then the narrator explicitly says that the Knight tells the first tale, and that the Miller butts in and tells the second tale. The introductions, prologues, and epilogues to various tales sometimes include the pilgrims" comments on the tale just finished, and an indication of who tells the next tale. These sections between the tales are called links, and they are the best evidence for grouping the tales together into ten fragments. But The Canterbury Tales does not include a complete set of links, so the order of the ten fragments is open to question. The Riverside Chaucer bases the order of the ten fragments on the order presented in the Ellesmere manuscript, one of the best surviving manuscripts of the tale. Some scholars disagree with the groupings and order of tales followed in The Riverside Chaucer, choosing instead to base the order on a combination of the links and the geographical landmarks that the pilgrims pass on the way to Canterbury.Plot OverviewGeneral PrologueAt the Tabard Inn, a tavern in Southwark, near London, the narrator joins a company of twenty-nine pilgrims. The pilgrims, like the narrator, are traveling to the shrine of the martyr Saint Thomas Becket in Canterbury. The narrator gives a descriptive account of twenty-seven of these pilgrims, including a Knight, Squire, Yeoman, Prioress, Monk, Friar, Merchant, Clerk, Man of Law, Franklin, Haberdasher, Carpenter, Weaver, Dyer, Tapestry-Weaver, Cook, Shipman, Physician, Wife, Parson, Plowman, Miller, Manciple, Reeve, Summoner, Pardoner, and Host. (He does not describe the Second Nun or the Nun"s Priest, although both characters appear later in the book.) The Host, whose name, we find out in the Prologue to the Cook"s Tale, is Harry Bailey, suggests that the group ride together and entertain one another with stories. He decides that each pilgrim will tell two stories on the way to Canterbury and two on the way back. Whomever he judges to be the best storyteller will receive a meal at Bailey"s tavern, courtesy of the other pilgrims. The pilgrims draw lots and determine that the Knight will tell the first tale.The Knight"s TaleTheseus, duke of Athens, imprisons Arcite and Palamon, two knights from Thebes (another city in ancient Greece). From their prison, the knights see and fall in love with Theseus"s sister-in-law, Emelye. Through the intervention of a friend, Arcite is freed, but he is banished from Athens. He returns in disguise and becomes a page in Emelye"s chamber. Palamon escapes from prison, and the two meet and fight over Emelye. Theseus apprehends them and arranges a tournament between the two knights and their allies, with Emelye as the prize. Arcite wins, but he is accidentally thrown from his horse and dies. Palamon then marries Emelye.The Miller"s Prologue and TaleThe Host asks the Monk to tell the next tale, but the drunken Miller butts in and insists that his tale should be the next. He tells the story of an impoverished student named Nicholas, who persuades his landlord"s sexy young wife, Alisoun, to spend the night with him. He convinces his landlord, a carpenter named John, that the second flood is coming, and tricks him into spending the night in a tub hanging from the ceiling of his barn. Absolon, a young parish clerk who is also in love with Alisoun, appears outside the window of the room where Nicholas and Alisoun lie together. When Absolon begs Alisoun for a kiss, she sticks her rear end out the window in the dark and lets him kiss it. Absolon runs and gets a red-hot poker, returns to the window, and asks for another kiss; when Nicholas sticks his bottom out the window and farts, Absolon brands him on the buttocks. Nicholas"s cries for water make the carpenter think that the flood has come, so the carpenter cuts the rope connecting his tub to the ceiling, falls down, and breaks his arm.The Reeve"s Prologue and TaleBecause he also does carpentry, the Reeve takes offense at the Miller"s tale of a stupid carpenter, and counters with his own tale of a dishonest miller. The Reeve tells the story of two students, John and Alayn, who go to the mill to watch the miller grind their corn, so that he won"t have a chance to steal any. But the miller unties their horse, and while they chase it, he steals some of the flour he has just ground for them. By the time the students catch the horse, it is dark, so they spend the night in the miller"s house. That night, Alayn seduces the miller"s daughter, and John seduces his wife. When the miller wakes up and finds out what has happened, he tries to beat the students. His wife, thinking that her husband is actually one of the students, hits the miller over the head with a staff. The students take back their stolen goods and leave.The Cook"s Prologue and TaleThe Cook particularly enjoys the Reeve"s Tale, and offers to tell another funny tale. The tale concerns an apprentice named Perkyn who drinks and dances so much that he is called “Perkyn Reveler.” Finally, Perkyn"s master decides that he would rather his apprentice leave to revel than stay home and corrupt the other servants. Perkyn arranges to stay with a friend who loves drinking and gambling, and who has a wife who is a prostitute. The tale breaks off, unfinished, after fifty-eight

有的百度本来就有的，你搜一搜就有了，不要重复问不用重复来。

　　 [英语散文]-It is my brithday 　　Two weeks ago was my 45th birthday, but I wasn"tfeeling too hot that morning anyway. I went to breakfast knowing my wife would be pleasant andsay "Happy Birthday" and probably have a presentfor me. 　　But, she didn"t even say "Good Morning," let alone any "Happy Birthday." 　　I thought, well...that"s a wife for you. I guess, the children will remember. Then, thechildren came into breakfast, but, they didn"tsay a word. 　　When I started to the office, I was feeling pretty low and despondent. As I walked into myoffice, my secretary Janet said, "Good morning,Boss, happy birthday." And I felt a little better,someone had remembered. 　　I worked until noon. Then, Janet knocked on my door and said, "You know, it"s such a beautifulday outside, and it"s your birthday, let"s goto lunch, just you and me." 　　I said, "That"s the greatest thing I"ve heardall day. Let"s go." 　　So, we went to lunch. We didn"t go where wenormally go. We went out into the country toa little private place. We had two martinis and enjoyed lunch tremendously. 　　On the way back to the office, Janet said,"You know, it"s such a beautiful day. We don"t need to go back to the office, do we?" 　　I said, "No, I guess not." 　　She said, "Let"s go to my apartment." 　　After arriving at her apartment, she said,"Boss, if you don"t mind, I think I"ll go in to the bedroom, and slip into something more comfortable." 　　"Sure," I excitedly replied. 　　Janet went into the bedroom and, in about sixminutes, she came out carrying a big birthdaycake, followed by my wife, children and dozensof my friends. All were singing "Happy Birthday".. and there I sat on the couch ... naked. 　　 [英语诗歌]-两幅母亲肖像前 　　Before Two Portraits of My Mother 　　I love the beautiful young girl of this 　　portrait, my mother, painted years ago 　　when her forehead was white, and there was no 　　shadow in the dazzling Venetian glass 　　of her gaze. But this other likeness shows 　　the deep trenches across her forehead"s white 　　marble. The rose poem of her youth that 　　her marriage sang is far behind. Here is 　　my sadness: I compare these portraits, one 　　of a joy-radiant brow, the other care- 　　heavy: sunrise—and the thick coming on 　　of night. And yet how strange my ways appear, 　　for when I look at these faded lips my heart 　　smiles, but at the smiling girl my tears start. 　　—Emile Nelligan (1879-1941) 　　我深爱这名美丽少女的 　　画像，她是我的母亲，绘制于多年前 　　当时她的前额白皙无瑕 　　如同威尼斯玻璃般闪亮，没有一丝阴影 　　在她双眸中。但另一幅肖像显出 　　深深的纹痕布满她皎白大理石般平滑的前额 　　她少女时的那 　　首玫瑰情诗 　　曾在她婚礼中被咏唱，如今已经远去。 　　此时我心悲伤：比较这两幅肖像，一幅显得 　　神情愉悦，另一幅显得心事 　　重重：一幅如同朝阳初升——另一幅则如迎面而来的阴郁 　　黑夜。然而我的反应却显得非比寻常， 　　因为当我看着她失去光泽的双唇，我心 　　发出微笑，但看着那名微笑的少女，我的泪竟开始涌出。 　　—艾米里·奈利根 (1879-1941) 　　Vocabulary 　　● 1. portrait n. a painting, photograph, or drawing of sb. 画像；肖像 　　It took only thirty minutes for the artist in the park to draw a portrait of Jerome. 　　公园里的画家只花了30分钟，就完成了杰罗姆的画像。 　　2. marble n. a kind of smooth, light-colored stone; usually used for statues or floors 大理石 　　Nearly all of the surviving ancient Greek and Roman statues are made of marble. 　　几乎所有保存至今的古希腊和古罗马雕像都是由大理石雕刻的。 　　● 3. fade v. to become less bright 失去光泽；褪色 　　As the years went by, the deep blue color of Mary"s favorite pair of jeans faded. 　　随着时光流逝，玛丽最喜欢的那件深蓝色牛仔裤已褪了色。 　　More Information 　　1. dazzling adj. 璀璨的；耀眼的 　　2. Venetian glass n. 威尼斯玻璃（以做工精美华丽而著称，可做成烛台、酒杯、灯盏、花瓶等精致用品） 　　3. likeness n. 肖像；画像（正式说法） 　　4. trench n. 沟；渠（诗中指母亲额头上的纹痕） 　　5. joy-radiant adj. 洋溢欢乐喜悦的（radiant 本意为发光的，容光焕发的，诗中用来指因欢乐而满面春风喜乐；而 care-heavy则指心事重重的`样子） 　　6. thick adj. （天空或夜色）阴霾的；深浓的（用来形容诗句中的 the coming on of night，意指夜色如毯子般浓烈地逼近） 　　 [英语诗歌]-working on the railroad 　　I"ve been working on the railroad 　　All the live-long day 　　I"ve been working on the railroad 　　Just to pass the time away 　　Can"t you hear the whistle blowing? 　　Raise up so early in the mom 　　Can"t you hear the captain shouting 　　"Dinah, blow your hom!" 　　Dinah, won"t you blow? 　　Dinah, won"t you blow? 　　Dinah, won"t you blow your hom? 　　Dinah, won"t you blow? 　　Dinah, won"t you blow? 　　Dinah, won"t you blow your hom? 　　Someone"s in the kitchen with Dinah 　　Someone"s in the kitchen, I know 　　Someone"s in the kitchen with Dinan 　　Strummin" on the old banjo 　　And he"s singn" 　　"Feel-fi-fiddley-l-oh! 　　Fee-fi-fiddley-l-oh! 　　Fee-fi-fiddley-l-oh!" 　　Strummin" on the old banjo, oh 　　Strummin" on the old banjo 　　I"ve been working on the railroad 　　All the live-long day 　　I"ve been working on the railroad 　　Just to pass the time away 　　Can"t you hear the whistle blowing? 　　Raise up so early in the mom 　　Can"t you hear the captain shouting 　　"Dinah, blow your hom 　　Dinah, blow your hom 　　 [英语散文]-Snacks 　　Snacks are I suppose defined as things that we eat between regular meals. In fact, if you are eating something and it is not breakfast, lunch or dinner-time then it is a snack. So, if you are having an apple sometime in the afternoon then that apple is a snack. However, on the whole when we talk about snacks we are not really talki 　　ng about fruit and healthy things. The category of snacks is usually filled with things that are not so good for us. 　　What are these traditional snacks? Chips, or as they are called in Britain, crisps, are a favourite snack and as with most popular snacks they are not a healthy option (选择). Laden with grease (油脂) because of their origin in the fat fryer (油炸用的食品) they are the dieters curse (咒骂). Another great favourite is chocolate and again it is a food option that is well capable of converting a sleek (光滑的) physique (体形) into something a little more wobbly (不稳定的)! 　　Regarding the healthiness of snacks a big problem of so many of the regular popular options out there is generally their low quality. What you might buy in the stores on the high streets has been mass produced with all sorts of rubbish added to boost the flavour at minimum (最小的) cost. If you were to actually get many of these snack types made at home then they would probably be a lot better for you. For instance, chocolate comes from South America. The original examples of chocolate are very different to what we are now used to. Our chocolate has so much sugar and fat added to it that it would be quite unpalatable (不好吃的) to someone used to the traditional version. However, because we have all been brought up on food and snacks with no subtlety (狡猾，微妙) of flavour then we cannot appreciate the more traditional examples of snacks. 　　So because of this way our snacks are made we have developed a love-hate relationship with them. Our taste buds (味蕾) demand the satisfaction only snacks can give but the diet industry condemns (指责) them as the road to obesity (肥胖). So there is a conflict between the advertising of snacks and promotion of the lifestyle associated with them of having a good time and the attack on them as dangerous to our health from the just as aggressive diet industry. My advice, is to ignore the propaganda of both sides and enjoy snacks for what they are, which means bearing in mind that too much is too bad. 　　 [英语散文]-Better Late Than Never 　　"It"s like anything else, dear," said Mama. "No matter how good at it you are, if it stops being fun, you won"t want to do it anymore." 　　像任何事情一样，不管你在某个事情上有多少天赋，如果这个事情本身不再能给你带来乐趣，那你就不会再想干这个事情。 　　Better late than never. 　　亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。 　　Papa"s jaw dropped(往下掉) when mama told him that Sister had cheated on her final exams-not to succeed but to fail. It"s unbelievable!" he said. "Sister has always been so proud of her good grades!"（为她的好分数骄傲） 　　"Yes, she has," said Mama. "But it"s not unbelievable. It just shows how badly she wanted off the swimming team." 　　"Wanted off the swimming team?" said Papa. "She never said anything about that to me." 　　"Of course she didn"t," said Mama. "She was afraid you"d blow your top. You already had her getting a swimming scholarship to college and winning gold medals at the Olympics. Can you imagine how much pressure she must have felt? For her, being on the team couldn"t have been much fun." 　　"Oh, my gosh!" Papa said, clapping a hand to his forehead. "I"ve been so stupid! I just thought she"d want to be a champion swimmer because she"s so good at it." 　　"It"s like anything else, dear," said Mama. "No matter how good at it you are, if it stops being fun, you won"t want to do it anymore." 　　Papa put his head in his hands. 　　"She must be really mad at me," he mumbled. "Maybe I should say sorry to her." 　　Sister"s footsteps could be heard on the stairs. She came into the kitchen and looked hopefully up at her parents. 　　"Honey," said Mama with a smile, "Your papa and I have decided that there"s no reason(理由) for you to be on the swimming team if you don"t want to." 　　Sister"s face lit up like a Christmas tree. "Yippee!" she cried. 　　"And, " added Papa, "there"s no need for any more drills. I"m sure you"ll bring your grades back up all by yourself." 　　Sister ran to Papa and jumped into his arms. She gave him a big hug. "I"m going to go play cards with Lizzy!" she said. "See you later!" 　　From the kitchen window, Mama and papa watched their daughter run down the sunny road toward Lizzy"s house. 　　"It"s good to see her happy again," said Mama. 　　"It sure is," Papa agreed. "As for the swimming team, there"s always next year." 　　"If?" Mama prompted him. 　　"Oh, right," said Papa. "If she wants to." 　　Mama smiled. "At least you"re learning, dear," she said. She kissed him. 　　"Well, you know what they say," Papa said. "Better late than never." 　　The Joy of Living 　　Joy in living comes from having fine emotions, trusting them, giving them the freedom of a bird in the open. Joy in living can never be assumed as a pose, or put on from the outside as a mask. People who have this joy don not need to talk about it; they radiate it. They just live out their joy and let it splash its sunlight and glo 　　w into other lives as naturally as bird sings. 　　We can never get it by working for it directly. It comes, like happiness, to those who are aiming at something higher. It is a byproduct of great, simple living. The joy of living comes from what we put into living, not from what we seek to get from it. 　　生活的乐趣 　　生活之乐趣来源于良好的情绪，信赖这些情绪，并任由它们如同鸟儿高翔于天空般地自由自在。生活的乐趣是无法靠姿态摆出来的，也无法用戴上一张面具来伪装。 拥有这种乐趣的人们无需挂在嘴边，他们自然会焕发出快乐的气息。他们自己生活在快乐当中，也将这样的快乐自然而然地感染着他人，犹如是鸟儿就必将歌唱。 　　直接追求生活的乐趣却只会使乐趣远离我们，它与幸福一样青睐胸有大志的人们。生活过得高雅、简单便会产生出乐趣。它是我们对生活的投入，而非所求。

abandonmentabbreviationabsenteeismpracticability

Yip ManFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search This article contains Chinese text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters. Yip Man叶问 File:Yipman.jpgYoung Yip Man Born 1 October 1893(1893-10-01)Foshan, Empire of Great Qing of China Died 2 December 1972 (aged 79)Hong Kong Cause of death Throat cancer Other names 叶继问, Yeji Q Occupation Martial arts practitioner Title Gung-Gung Children Ip Ching & Ip Chun "Ip Man" redirects here. For the film, see Ip Man (film).This is a Chinese name; the family name is Yip (叶). Yip Man (traditional Chinese: 叶问; simplified Chinese: 叶问; pinyin: yè wèn, Cantonese Jyutping: jip6 man6; main spelling Ip Man[1]; also known as 叶继问 1 October 1893-2 December 1972) was the first martial arts master (Chinese: Sifu) to teach the Chinese martial art of Wing Chun openly. He had several students who later became martial arts teachers in their own right, including Bruce Lee.Ip Kai Man was the last Wing Chun student of Chan Wah-shun [2][3][4] when he was 70 years old. He was born to Ip Oi Dor and Ng Shui, and was the third of four children. He grew up in a very wealthy family in Foshan, Guangdong, and received an exceptional traditional Chinese education. His older brother was Ip Kai Gak. His older sister was Ip Wan Mei and his younger sister was Ip Wan Hum[5].Contents [hide]1 Biography 2 Quote 3 Films 4 Martial arts lineage 5 Ip Man"s Legacy 6 External links 7 References [edit] BiographyWhen Ip Man was thirteen years old he started learning Wing Chun from Chan Wah-shun (陈华顺). Because of his sifu"s old age, Ip Man had to learn much of his skills and techniques from his master"s second eldest disciple Ng Chung-sok (吴仲素). Three years into Ip Man"s training Chan Wah-shun died. One of his dying wishes was to have Ng continue training Ip. At the age of 15 Ip man moved to Hong Kong with help from Leung Fut Ting, a relative. At age sixteen, Yip Man attended school at St. Stephen"s College in Hong Kong [6] . It was a secondary school for wealthy families and foreigners who lived in Hong Kong. According to Ip Man"s two sons[7], while at St. Stephen"s Ip Man intervened after seeing a foreign police officer beating a woman. The story goes that the Police officer tried to strike Ip Man who used his martial arts to strike the officer down, at which point Ip Man and his classmate ran to school. The classmate is said to have told an older man who lived in his apartment block. Ip Man was invited to see this man and the man asked Ip Man what martial art he studied. The man then asked Ip Man to show him his first 2 forms (Sil Lim Tao and Chun Kiu). The man then told Ip man that his forms were “not too great.” [8] . Ip Man was then invited to Chi Sau (a form of training that involves controlled attack and defence), Ip Man saw this as an opportunity to prove his Kung Fu was good, but he was beaten after just a few strikes. It turned out that the old man was his master"s elder fellow-disciple (and so, by Chinese tradition Yip Man"s martial uncle), Leung Bik (梁璧), son of his master"s master Leung Jan (梁赞). After that encounter, Yip Man continued his training lessons from Leung Bik. By the age of 24, Yip Man had returned to Foshan, his Wing Chun skills tremendously improved. [9][10]In Foshan, Yip Man became a policeman[11]. He did not formally run a Wing Chun school, but taught several of his subordinates, his friends and relatives. Amongst those informal students, Lok Yiu, Chow Kwong-yue (周光裕 (六仔)), Kwok Fu (郭富), Lun Kai (伦佳), Chan Chi-sun (陈志新) and Lui Ying (吕应) were amongst the most well-known. Chow Kwong-yue was said to be the best student among his peers, but eventually he went into commerce and dropped out of martial arts all together. Kwok Fu and Lun Kai went on to teach students of their own. Wing Chun in the Foshan and Guangdong area was mainly passed down from these two individuals. Chan Chi-sun died young, and Lui Ying went to Hong Kong. Neither of them took any students.Yip Man went to Kwok Fu"s village house during the Japanese Occupation. He only returned to Foshan after the war, to once again take up the job of a police officer. At the end of 1949, after the Communist party won the Chinese civil war, being an officer of the Kuomintang, he decided to escape to Hong Kong without his family when the Communists had come to Foshan.In Hong Kong, he opened a martial arts school. Initially, business was poor because his students typically stayed for only a couple of months. He moved his school twice, to Hoi Tan Street (海坛街) in Sham Shui Po, and then to Lee Tat Street (利达街) in Yau Ma Tei. By then, some of his students were skilled enough that they were able to start their own schools. Among the first were Leung Sheung, Lok Yiu, Chu Shong-tin, and Wong Shun Leung.Some of Yip Man"s students and descendants compared their skills with other martial artists in combat. Their victories over other martial artists helped to bolster Ip Man"s reputation as a teacher.In 1967, Ip Man and some of his students established the Hong Kong Ving Tsun Athletic Association (香港咏春拳体育会). In 1972, Ip Man suffered throat cancer and subsequently died on the 2nd of December that same year.Within the three decades of his career in Hong Kong, he established a training system for Wing Chun that eventually spread across the world.[edit] Quote"徒弟选择一个好师傅, 固然困难, 但师傅选择一个好徒弟, 更加困难。" - It is difficult for a student to pick a good teacher, but it is even more difficult for a teacher to pick a good students.[citation needed][edit] FilmsMain article: Ip Man (film)A film loosely based on the life of Ip Man was released in 2008 and stars Donnie Yen as the martial artist. The film takes a number of liberties with Ip Man"s life, often for dramatic effect. Ip Man"s eldest son Ip Chun appears in the film and served as a consultant for the film. The film focuses on Ip"s life during the 1930s to the 1940s during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The film is the first to be based on the life of Ip Man. A sequel to the film is in the works and will focus on Ip"s disciples, which includes Bruce Lee.Wong Kar-wai is reportedly working on his own biopic titled The Great Master. The film has been in development and will feature Tony Leung Chiu-Wai as Ip Man. However, it was revealed that Wong"s five-year rights to make the Ip Man biopic had expired [1].[edit] Martial arts lineageSee also: Branches of Wing ChunIp Man"s Wing Chun Lineage [12]Ng Mui (Shaolin Nun) Yim Wing Chun (Was taught Wing Chun to defend herself[13]) Leung Bok Chau (Yim Wing Chun"s husband) Leung Lan Kwai Wong Wah Bo (Was taught the pole form by Leung Yee Tei) Leung Yee Tei (Added his the pole form to the system he learnt from Wah Bo) Leung Jan (Also taught Leung Bik his son) Chan Wah-shun (陈华顺) Ip Man (叶问) also learned from second sihing Ng Chung-sok (吴仲素)sibak Leung Bik (梁璧) Known students: See Branches of Wing Chun [edit] Ip Man"s LegacyIp Man left a huge legacy of Wing Chun behind him, that now spans across the globe. Ip Man also left behind a written history of Wing Chun.[14][15][16] The factual accuracy of Ip Man"s account has been debated; however, a translated copy of Ip Man"s History is as follows:"The founder of the Wing Chun Kung Fu System, Miss Yim Wing Chun was a native of Canton [Kwangtung Province] in China. She was an intelligent and athletic young girl, upstanding and forthright. Her mother died soon after her betrothal to Leung Bok Chau, a salt merchant of Fukien. Her father, Yim Yee, was wrongfully accused of a crime and, rather than risk jail, they slipped away and finally settled down at the foot of Tai Leung Mountain near the border between Yunan and Szechuan provinces. There they earned a living by running a shop that sold bean curd.During the reign of Emperor K"anghsi of the Ching Dynasty (1662-1722) Kung Fu became very strong in the Siu Lam [Shaolin] Monastery of Mt. Sung, in Honan Province. This aroused the fear of the Manchu government [a non-Chinese people from Manchuria in the North, who ruled China at that time], which sent troops to attack the Monastery. Although they were unsuccessful, a man named Chan Man Wai, a recently appointed civil servant seeking favor with the government, suggested a plan.He plotted with Siu Lam monk Ma Ning Yee and others who were persuaded to betray their companions by setting fire to the monastery while soldiers attacked it from the outside. Siu Lam was burned down, and the monks and disciples scattered. Buddhist Abbess Ng Mui, Abbot Chi Shin, Abbot Pak Mei, Master Fung To Tak and Master Miu Hin escaped and went their separate ways.Ng Mui took refuge in the White Crane Temple on Mt. Tai Leung [also known as Mt. Chai Har]. It was there she met Yim Yee and his daughter Wing Chun from whom she often bought bean curd on her way home from the market. At fifteen, with her hair bound up in the custom of those days to show she was of an age to marry, Wing Chun"s beauty attracted the attention of a local bully. He tried to force Wing Chun to marry him, and his continuous threats became a source of worry to her and her father. Ng Mui learned of this and took pity on Wing Chun. She agreed to teach Wing Chun fighting techniques so she could protect herself. Wing Chun followed Ng Mui into the mountains, and began to learn Kung Fu. She trained night and day, until she mastered the techniques. Then she challenged the bully to a fight and beat him.Ng Mui later traveled around the country, but before she left she told Wing Chun to strictly honor the Kung Fu traditions, to develop her Kung Fu after her marriage, and to help the people working to overthrow the Manchu government and restore the Ming Dynasty.After her marriage Wing Chun taught Kung Fu to her husband Leung Bok Chau. He in turn passed these techniques on to Leung Lan Kwai. Leung Lan Kwai then passed them on to Wong Wah Bo. Wong Wah Bo was a member of an opera troupe on board a junk, known to Chinese as the Red Junk. Wong worked on the Red Junk with Leung Yee Tei. It so happened that Abbot Chi Shin, who fled from Siu Lam, had disguised himself as a cook and was then working on the Red Junk. Chi Shin taught the Six-and-a-half-point Long Pole techniques to Leung Yee Tei. Wong Wah Bo was close to Leung Yee Tei, and they shared what they knew about Kung Fu. Together they shared and improved their techniques, and thus the Six-and-a-half-point Long Pole was incorporated into Wing Chun Kung Fu. Leung Yee Tei passed his Kung Fu on to Leung Jan, a well known herbal Doctor in Fat Shan. Leung Jan grasped the innermost secrets of Wing Chun, attaining the highest level of proficiency. Many Kung Fu masters came to challenge him, but all were defeated. Leung Jan became very famous. Later he passed his Kung Fu on to Chan Wah Shan, who took me and my elder Kung Fu brothers, such as Ng Siu Lo, Ng Chung So, Chan Yu Min and Lui Yu Jai, as his students many decades ago.It can thus be said that the Wing Chun System was passed on to us in a direct line of succession from its origin. I write this history of the Wing Chun System in respectful memory of my forerunners. I am eternally grateful to them for passing to me the skills I now possess. A man should always think of the source of the water as he drinks it; it is this shared feeling that keeps our Kung Fu brothers together.Is this not the way to promote Kung Fu, and to project the image of our country?Ip Man"Ip Man also filmed three of the five Wing Chun forms before he died. This was because he was afraid that people were changing Wing Chun unnecessarily and so wanted to set a record of how Wing Chun should be performed. Copies of the footage are kept by Ip Man"s two sons. The footage has recently been cleaned up due to degradation of the tape since 1972.[17]Many other artifacts of Ip Mans life are on Display in the "Ip Man Tong" museum in Foushan, China.

Sherlock Holmes Sherlock Holmes is a detective. His flat is in Baker Street. He looks at people very carefully. I think he is very clever. He has a good friend, Watson. Watson is a doctor. Holmes is 180 cm. He always goes outside with a hat, a crabstick and a pipe. He is appreciates a woman. Her name is Irene Adler. Irene is very clever, too. After their meeting Holmes never forgot her, but he did not love her——he never loved woman. Sherlock Holmes is a good detective.

路桥建设文章的英文。。。你是建筑专业英文考试啊。。。

he is sherlock folmes han~

　　作为一名骇客和作家，Joshua Klein对乌鸦们的智慧感到神奇(你可曾注意过它们那小小的黑眼睛中蕴藏的智慧光芒?)。他在很长一段的业余时间里对乌鸦群的行为进行观察后，想出了一个堪称优雅的机器，这或许将在人类与动物间构建一种新的关系。下面是我为大家收集关于TED英语演讲：为什么说乌鸦的智商高到可怕，欢迎借鉴参考。 　　A thought experiment on the intelligence of crows 　　演讲者：Joshua Klein 　　/ 中英对照演讲稿 / 　　How many of you have seen the Alfred Hitchcock film "The Birds"? Any of you get really freaked out by that? You might want to leave now.So this is a vending machine for crows.Over the past few days, many of you have been asking, "How did you come tothis? How did you get started doing this?" It started, as with many great ideas, or many ideas you can"t get rid of, anyway, at a cocktail party. 　　这里有多少人看过希区柯克的电影《鸟》?是不是认为那片子太过离奇了?要是那样的话，你现在可以走了。(笑声) 大家看到的是一台专门为乌鸦设计的自动售货机。 过去几天，人们都在问我同样的问题： “你怎么开始搞这玩意的?有什么吸引你的地方吗?” 说实话，这玩意就像很多伟大的想法， 或者一些你无法在脑中驱散的想法一样， 是从一次鸡尾酒派对产生的。 　　About 10 years ago, I was at a cocktail party with a friend of mine. We were sitting there, and he was complaining about the crows that were all over his yard and making a big mess. And he was telling me we ought to eradicate these things,kill them, because they"re making a mess. I said that was stupid, maybe we should just train them to do something useful. And he said that was impossible. 　　大概十年前，我与一个朋友在一个鸡尾酒派对上， 我们坐在那，他一直在抱怨乌鸦 乌鸦们把他的院子搞得一团糟。 他那时很认真的跟我说，我们得想办法消灭这些鬼东西， 否则我们就不会有好日子过。 我跟他说，那才是坏主意呢， 咱们为何不训练它们，让乌鸦帮我们人类做一点有意义的事情? 他丢给我一句“那不可能”。 　　And I"m sure I"m in good company in finding that tremendously annoying, when someone tells you it"s impossible. So I spent the next 10 years reading about crows in my spare time. 　　我相信绝对不只我一人觉得这极度恼人——当有人告诉你“那不可能”时。于是决定用10年的时间在我的业余时间专门研究乌鸦。 　　And after 10 years of this, my wife said,"You"ve got to do this thing you"ve been talking about, and build the vending machine." So I did. But part of the reason I found this interesting is, I started noticing that we"re very aware of all the species that are going extinct on the planet as a result of human habitation expansion,and no one seems to be paying attention to all the species that are actually living;they"re surviving. And I"m talking specifically about synanthropic species,which have adapted specifically for human ecologies, species like rats and cockroaches and crows. 　　现在10年过去了，我妻子说， “好吧，你也该把它做出来了， 你不是一直说要给乌鸦们做一个自动售货机么?” 于是我就把它做出来了。 但我对这个项目感兴趣还有部分原因是因为 我开始注意到我们人类已经意识到 有很多物种因为人类无止尽的扩张 将会在地球上灭绝。 但貌似没人对那些 还生存在世上的物种有所关心——它们都还真正地活着。 这里我指的是那些长期与人共处， 并适应了人类生态系统的动物。 这样的动物包括老鼠、蟑螂、乌鸦。 　　And as I started looking at them, I was finding that they had hyper-adapted. They"d become extremely adept at living with us. And in return, we just tried to kill them all the time.And in doing so, we were breeding them for parasitism. We were giving them all sorts of reasons to adapt new ways. So, for example, rats are incredibly responsive breeders. And cockroaches, as anyone who"s tried to get rid of them knows, have become really immune to the poisons that we"re using. 　　而假如你仔细观察的话，你会发现所有的这类动物都已经对人类社会产生了高度的适应性，并且随着继续与人生活在一起，它们的适应性还加变得更强。但反观人类呢，我们只是一直在不断屠杀它们而已。为了做到这点，人类用喂养的方式来让它们寄生于我们我们给了动物们适应新环境的各种理由。比如：老鼠的生育能力变得超强。而蟑螂，逮过蟑螂的人都知道，它们已经不在乎我们的“诱饵”了。 　　So I thought, let"s build something that"s mutually beneficial; something that we can both benefit from, and find some way to make a new relationship with these species. So I built the vending machine. 　　于是我想，为何不制造出一些能让我们人类和这些“寄生虫”共同受益的东西呢?以此和这些动物建立一种新型的关系，一种互利的关系。从而让人类找到一条与其共处的新路子。这就是我制作动物专用自动售货机的理由。 　　But the story of the vending machine is a little more interesting if you know more about crows. It turns out, crows aren"t just surviving with human beings; they"re actually thriving. They"re found everywhere on the planet except for the Arctic and the southern tip of South America. And in all that area, they"re only rarely found breeding more than five kilometers away from human beings. So we may not think about them,but they"re always around. 　　不过如果你多了解一下乌鸦，这个自动售货机的故事会更有趣。乌鸦们不仅仅是在人类环境中‘生存"得不错——事实上，他们活得还很精彩。你在地球上任何一处角落——除了两极和南美至南端——都可以见得到乌鸦。通常它们的栖息地离人类居所不出5公里。虽然你也许不会想到这一点，可是它们确确实实一直都这么活在我们身边。 　　And not surprisingly, given the human population growth, more than half of the human population is living in cities now. And out of those, nine-tenths of the human growth population is occurring in cities.We"re seeing a population boom with crows. So bird counts are indicating thatwe might be seeing up to exponential growth in their numbers. So that"s no great surprise. 　　这也不奇怪，我们的地球上人口暴涨，其中有半数以上居住在城市。除此之外，90%的人口增长就都发生在城市里——乌鸦这个种群也在经历同样的发展。所以鸟类的数量在我们看来将会有一个爆炸型的增长，这并没有什么奇怪的。 　　But what was really interesting to me was to find out that the birds were adapting in a pretty unusual way. And I"ll give you an example of that. This is Betty. She"s a New Caledonian crow. And these crows use sticks in the wild to get insects and what not out of pieces of wood.Here, she"s trying to get a piece of meat out of a tube. But the researchers had a problem. They messed up and left just a stick of wire in there. And she hadn"t had the opportunity to do this before. You see, it wasn"t working verywell. So she adapted. 　　但令我感到吃惊的是这些鸟儿竟然学会了通过一些奇特的方式在我们的社会里求得生存。大家看看下面的例子：它的名字是Betty，它是一只New Caledonia(北美地名)的乌鸦。在森林里，它们会用树枝从林木里挑出虫子和其他食物。此时它正尝试用铁线取出瓶子里的那块肉。但是研究者们遇到了一个问题。他们把试验搞砸了，因为只留下了一根线在那里。而Betty以前可没尝试过这样的挑战。你可以看到，它进行得并不顺利。于是它想出了一个新法子。 　　Now, this is completely unprompted; she had never seen this done before. No one taught her to bend this into a hook or had shown her how it could happen. But she did it all on her own. So keep in mind-- she"s never seen this done. 　　要知道，它没有看到过别的乌鸦这么做。之前也没有任何人或者别的乌鸦教它如何把线弯成钩子;或者告诉过它可以通过这种方式捞肉。这完全是它自己想出来的办法。请一定记得它以前从没有学过的哦。就这样。 　　Right. Yeah. All right.So that"s the part where the researchers freak out. 　　对，就这样。这才是研究人员觉得不可思议的地方。 　　It turns out, we"ve been finding more andmore that crows are really intelligent. Their brains are in the same proportionas chimpanzee brains are. There"s all kinds of anecdotes for the different kinds of intelligence they have. For example, in Sweden, crows will wait for fishermen to drop lines through holes in the ice. And when the fishermen move off, the crows fly down, reel up the lines, and eat the fish or the bait. It"s pretty annoying for the fishermen. 　　我们发现越来越多的证据表明乌鸦的确是聪明的，它们的大脑占躯体的比例和大猩猩相当。 大家也可能听过各种各样的关于乌鸦的趣闻吧。 比如，在瑞典， 那里的乌鸦会趁渔人往冰隙里放钓钩的时候守在一边， 当渔人走了， 它们就飞过去拉起钓钩，吃掉钩上的鱼或钓饵。 这可是搞得那里的渔人很烦恼。 　　On an entirely different tack, at University of Washington a few years ago, they were doing an experiment where they captured some crows on campus. Some students went out, netted some crows,brought them in, weighed and measured them, and let them back out again. And they were entertained to discover that for the rest of the week, whenever these particular students walked around campus, these crows would caw at them and runaround, and make their life kind of miserable. 　　而在华盛顿大学，那里的研究员几年前做了一个截然不同的实验。他们在校园里捉来一些乌鸦，在实验室里加以标记、称量，然后把它们放走。而随后的那个星期，他们惊喜地发现，那些被放走的乌鸦在校园里一见到那些捉过它们的学生，就会冲着他们鸣叫，并在他们周围飞来飞去，给他们的生活增添一些小烦恼。 　　They were significantly less entertained when this went on for the next week. And the next month. And after summer break. Until they finally graduated and left campus, and -- glad to get away,I"m sure -- came back sometime later, and found the crows still remembered them. 　　但之后几个星期还是如此，他们就不再那么惊喜了。甚至到了下个月，到了夏季学期结束，到了他们毕业离校了——我相信他们是很高兴地离去的——可当他们偶尔回校来看看时，那些乌鸦还是记得他们。 　　So, the moral being: don"t piss off crows.So now, students at the University of Washington that are studying these crows,do so with a giant wig and a big mask. 　　所以——大家看到了吧，千万别惹乌鸦。正是这样的缘故，现在华盛顿大学做乌鸦研究的学生都带上巨大的假发，还套上面具。 　　It"s fairly interesting. 　　这真是令人哑然的一件事。 　　So we know these crows are really smart,but the more I dug into this, the more I found that they actually have an even more significant adaptation. 　　以上说的无非是要证明乌鸦是非常聪明的，但我研究得越是深入，越是觉得它们的智慧要比我们想象的高出一个层次。 　　Video: Crows have become highly skilled atmaking a living in these new urban environments. In this Japanese city, they have devised a way of eating a food that normally they can"t manage: drop it among the traffic. The problem now is collecting the bits, without getting runover. Wait for the light to stop the traffic. Then, collect your cracked nut insafety. 　　视频：在新的城市环境中，乌鸦们的谋生技能正在变得越来越娴熟。这是一座日本城市，这里的乌鸦发明了一种吃果仁的办法——把坚果丢到车道上。然后飞走， 等待汽车开过。 之后它们在马路边等待绿灯， 然后飞到马路中央安全地衔走那颗果仁 　　Joshua Klein: Yeah, pretty interesting.What"s significant about this isn"t that crows are using cars to crack nuts. Infact, that"s old hat for crows. This happened about 10 years ago in a placecalled Sendai City, at a driving school in the suburbs of Tokyo. And since that time, all the crows in the neighborhood are picking up this behavior. Now everycrow within five kilometers is standing by a sidewalk, waiting to collect its lunch. 　　JoshuaKlein: 看看，这是不是挺有趣的?不过，有趣的倒不是借助过往车辆压开果核的做法，事实上，乌鸦老早就学会了这门手艺了。刚才大家看到的景象发生在10年前东京市郊的一家驾驶学校附近。从那时开始， 附近的乌鸦也学会了这样的吃坚果的方式。 如今，方圆五公里内的乌鸦都在人行道旁守候着， 等待过往车辆为他们带来午餐。 　　So they"re learning from each other. And research bears this out. Parents seem to be teaching their young. They learn from their peers, they learn from their enemies. If I have a little extra time,I"ll tell you about a case of crow infidelity that illustrates that nicely. The point being, they"ve developed cultural adaptation. And as we heard yesterday,that"s the Pandora"s box that"s getting human beings in trouble, and we"re starting to see it with them. They"re able to very quickly and very flexibly adapt to new challenges and new resources in their environment, which is really useful if you live in a city. 　　乌鸦通过互相学习，都掌握了这种技巧。乌鸦父母还教会自己的孩子这样的技巧呢。它们向同伴学习，也向它们的敌人学习。如果我还有更多演讲时间，我会告诉你们一个有关乌鸦背信的案例来更好地证明我的观点。最关键的是它们学会了适应不同的生态文化。就如昨天我们听到的那样，是潘多拉之盒将人类引入混乱，现在是开始着手解决它的时候了。他们能快速且融洽地适应新的挑战及环境中的新资源，对于城市生活来说，这可真有用。 　　So we know that there"s lots of crows. We found out they"re really smart and they can teach each other. When all this became clear, I realized the only obvious thing to do is build a vending machine. So that"s what we did. This is a vending machine for crows. And it uses Skinnerian training to shape their behavior over four stages. It"s pretty simple. 　　好了，现在我们都知道城市里有大量的乌鸦，它们很聪明，还懂得相互间分享生存的秘诀。当我知道这一切以后，我决定要专门为它们做一台自动售货机。并且还做成功了。这就是乌鸦专用自动售货机：我们用斯金纳(操作性条件反射)理论，分四阶段训练法来训练乌鸦。其实也很简单。 　　Basically, what happens is that we put this out in a field or someplace where there"s lots of crows. We put coins and peanuts all around the base ofthe machine. Crows eventually come by, eat the peanuts, and get used to the machine being there. Eventually, they eat all the peanuts. Then they see peanuts here on the feeder tray, and hop up and help themselves. Then they leave, the machine spits up more coins and peanuts, and life is dandy if you"re a crow -- you can come back anytime and get yourself a peanut. 　　首先，我们把这样的机器放到田野 或者乌鸦经常出没的地方。 在机器的底部放上一大堆的硬币和花生。 乌鸦来了，吃掉机器上的花生， 并且也习惯了机器的存在。 吃光了地面的花生以后， 它们发现在售货机的出货口那里也有很多花生， 于是就跳到上面，也同样尽享美味。 每一天，那机器上都会放满了硬币和花生。 　　So when they get really used to that, we move on to the crows coming back. Now they"re used to the sound of the machine;they keep coming back and digging out peanuts from the pile of coins that"sthere. When they get really happy about this, we stymie them. 　　嘿，要是当那样的一只乌鸦也不错哟， 每天都不愁吃的。当它们都习惯这样的生活或，我们继续下一步我们等到乌鸦都习惯于机器的声音，就把花生盖在硬币底下，它们飞过来，掀开硬币，就能吃得到花生，它们也挺开心的。这时，我们决定给它们制造一些困难。 　　We move to the third stage, where we only give them a coin. Now, like most of us who have gotten used to a good thing,this really pisses them off. So they do what they do in nature when they"re looking for something: sweep things out of the way with their beak. They do that here, and that knocks the coins down the slot. When that happens, they get a peanut. This goes on for some time. The crows learn that all they have to do is show up, wait for the coin to come out, put it in the slot, then get their peanut. 　　我们开始了第三阶段的训练。只把一枚硬币留在机器上，此时乌鸦飞过来，看到没有食物，自然觉得很泄气——我们人也一样嘛。所以它们出于寻找食物的本能——用它的喙在机器上扫来扫去，不经意的把硬币碰到硬币口里去了，于是它获得了一颗花生。于是它们也学会了，每次都来这里， 只要把机器上的硬币丢到硬币口，就能吃得到花生。 　　When they"re good and comfortable with that, we move to the final stage, where they show up and nothing happens. Thisis where we see the difference between crows and other animals. Squirrels, for example, would show up, look for the peanut, go away. Come back, look for the peanut, go away. They do this maybe half a dozen times before they get bored,and then they go off and play in traffic. 　　当他们对此过程非常熟练及满足以后，我们进入训练的最后一个阶段，它们来到机器旁边，却发现什么也没有。注意，就是这个关键的地方可以看出乌鸦是多么聪明。要是一只松鼠，它来到机器旁，寻找花生，找不到，就走了隔天再来，又是没有，又跑回去。如此反复五六次，它们也就觉得没意思了。 　　Crows, on the other hand, show up and they try and figure it out. They know this machine has been messing with them through three different stages of behavior. 　　而乌鸦则不一样，它们要寻找出一个究竟。通过前面三个阶段，并且这样的玩笑越开越大。 　　They figure there must be more to it. So they poke at it and peck at it. And eventually some crow gets a bright idea:"Hey, there"s lots of coins lying around from the first stage, hops down,picks it up, drops it in the slot, and we"re off to the races. That crow enjoys a temporary monopoly on peanuts, until his friends figure out how to do it, and then there we go. 　　它们觉得肯定还有更多方式获得花生。它们又是用头撞，又是用嘴咬。偶尔间有一些乌鸦想到了一个绝妙的主意：“嘿，大家还记得地面上放的那一大堆硬币么。或许有用呢?”——于是它们飞过来，衔起硬币，扔进投币孔。它们发现了怎么吃得上花生了!这样的技巧先是为第一批到来的乌鸦所垄断，可慢慢的别的乌鸦也学会了……故事到此为止。 　　So, what"s significant about this

原文： AFTER MANY FAILURES to get to the Moon and to the planets beyond,Mariner 2 successfully flew by Venus in December 1962. This historicmission began a spectacular era of solar system exploration for NASA and many other space agencies. With the tremendously successful flyby of the Pluto system by the New Horizons spacecraft in July 2015, humankind completed its initial survey of our solar system, and the United States became the only nation to reach every planet from Mercury to the dwarf planet Pluto with a space probe. Solar system exploration has always been and continues to be a grand human adventure that seeks to discover the nature and origin of our celestial neighbors and to explore whether life exists or could have existed beyond Earth. Before Mariner 2, everything we knew about our solar system came from ground-based telescope observations and from analysis of meteorites. This limited perspective could not begin to reveal the diversity and the true nature of our solar system. In this brief introduction, we address how NASA and other space agencies have approached a comprehensive series of missions for the last half century of solar system exploration. 翻译： 1962年12月，水手2号成功地飞越了金星。这个历史性的任务开启了美国宇航局和许多其他太空机构探索太阳系的壮观时代。2015年7月，新地平线号太空船成功飞越冥王星系统，人类完成了对太阳系的初步调查，美国成为唯一一个用太空探测器到达从水星到矮行星冥王星的所有行星的国家。 太阳系探索一直是并将继续是人类的一次伟大冒险，旨在发现我们天体邻居的本质和起源，并探索地球以外是否存在或可能存在生命。在水手2号之前，我们对太阳系的一切了解都来自地面望远镜的观测和对陨石的分析。 这种有限的视角无法揭示我们太阳系的多样性和真实性质。在这个简短的介绍中，我们将讨论美国宇航局和其他太空机构在过去半个世纪的太阳系探索中是如何完成一系列全面的任务的。 原文： It is our spacecraft missions that provide the opportunity to get up close andpersonal with many bodies in the solar system. Mariner 2 was just the first robotic space probe to conduct a successful planetary encounter, the first step in a long journey. The scientific instruments on board were two radiometers(microwave and infrared), a micrometeorite sensor, a solar-plasma sensor, a charged-particle sensor, and a magnetometer. These instruments measured the temperature distribution on the surface of Venus, made basic measurements of Venus"s atmosphere, discovered the solar wind, and determined that Venus, unlike Earth, has no intrinsic magnetic field.This powerful set of observations fueled our fascination with our cosmic neighborhood and our desire to learn more. Since Mariner 2, in exploring any particular object, solar system exploration has followed a general paradigm of “flyby, orbit, land, rove, and returnsamples.” A complete campaign may not be performed for each object in the solar system, since not all of our scientific questions can be studied at all objects, and there are difficult technological challenges and financial hurdles to overcome for some types of missions and certain destinations. Moreover, a healthy program of solar system exploration requires a balance between detailed investigations of a particular target and broader reconnaissance of a variety of similar targets. 翻译： 正是我们的太空船任务提供了与太阳系中许多天体近距离接触的机会。 水手2号只是第一个成功地进行行星相遇的机器人太空探测器，这是长途旅行的第一步。 船上的科学仪器有两个辐射计（微波和红外线）、一个微陨石传感器、一个太阳等离子体传感器、一个带电粒子传感器和一个磁强计。 这些仪器测量了金星表面的温度分布，对金星的大气进行了基本测量，发现了太阳风，并确定了金星与地球不同，没有内在磁场。这组强大的观测结果激发了我们对宇宙邻居的迷恋，以及我们想了解更多信息的愿望。 自水手2号以来，在探索任何特定物体时，太阳系探索遵循了“飞越、轨道、登陆、漫游和返回样本”的一般模式不可能对太阳系中的每一个物体都进行完整的运动，因为我们不能对所有物体研究所有的科学问题，而且对于某些类型的飞行任务和某些目的地来说，还有困难的技术挑战和财政障碍需要克服。此外，一个健康的太阳系探索计划需要在对特定目标的详细调查和对各种类似目标的广泛侦察之间取得平衡。 原文： Flyby missions are designed to obtain the most basic information on their target bodies. Early flyby missions also enabled space agencies to learn to fly between planets. This early trek into the solar system was accomplished with flybys to each planet in our local neighborhood. Beyond flybys, the next most sophisticated type of mission aimed to get a spacecraft into orbit around a solar system object. Data from flyby missions were essential to prioritizing which objects to orbit. High-resolution data from an orbiter mission are essential to planning for a future lander or rover mission. Lander and rover missions enable scientists to acquire “ground truth,” measurements so necessary to fully interpret data from orbital missions. The successful landings of the 1-metric-ton2 Curiosity rover on Mars and the Rosetta mission"s Philae probe on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko clearly show the ability of our space agencies to explore our solar system at a new level of intensity. Steps like these will allow humans to go beyond this planet and out into the solar system once again. Sample return provides scientists with essential data to understand the geological history of a body. Up to the present, space agencies have collected samples from several solar system bodies, as well as samples of the solar wind. The Apollo program in the late 1960s and early 1970s brought back over 850 pounds of Moon rocks, soils, and regolith. These materials are still being analyzed and yielding significant scientific results. It is also important to note that many of the meteorites that have fallen on Earth can now be identified with specific solar system bodies such as the Moon, Mars, and Vesta. The comet 81P/Wild (Wild 2) and the asteroid 25143 Itokawa were visited by robotic spacecraft from NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), respectively. Both missions returned samples to Earth. 翻译： 飞越任务旨在获取目标天体的最基本信息。早期的飞越任务也使太空机构学会了在行星之间飞行。这次进入太阳系的早期徒步旅行是通过飞越我们附近的每颗行星完成的。 除了近距离飞越，下一个最复杂类型的任务旨在使航天器进入围绕太阳系物体的轨道。来自飞越任务的数据对于确定哪些物体进入轨道的优先顺序至关重要。来自轨道飞行器任务的高分辨率数据对于计划未来的着陆器或漫游者任务至关重要。 着陆器和漫游者任务使科学家能够获得“地面真相”，这是完全解释轨道任务数据所必需的测量。 1米吨重2的好奇号探测车成功降落在火星上，罗塞塔任务的菲莱探测器成功降落在67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko彗星上，这清楚地表明了我们的太空机构以新的强度探索太阳系的能力。 像这样的步骤将允许人类走出这个星球，再次进入太阳系。 样品返回为科学家提供了了解地质历史的基本数据。 到目前为止，航天机构已经收集了几个太阳系天体的样本，以及太阳风的样本。 20世纪60年代末和70年代初的阿波罗计划带回了850磅的月球岩石、土壤和风土。 这些材料仍在分析中，并产生重要的科学结果。 同样重要的是要注意到，许多落在地球上的陨石现在可以识别出特定的太阳系天体，如月球、火星和灶神星。 81P/Wild彗星（Wild 2）和小行星25143 Itokawa分别被美国宇航局和日本航空航天勘探局（JAXA）的机器人航天器访问。 两次任务都向地球返回了样本。 原文： Our robotic solar system explorers have gathered data to help us understand how the planets formed; what triggered different evolutionary paths among the planets; what processes are active; and how Earth formed, evolved, and became habitable. To search for evidence of life beyond Earth, we have used these data to map zones of habitability, study the chemistry of unfamiliar worlds, and reveal the processes that lead to conditions necessary for life. New technologies will enable space agencies to develop and execute an astounding range of more complicated and challenging missions. We are at the leading edge of a journey of exploration that will yield a profound new understanding of the solar system as our home. NASA is building a Space Launch System (SLS) for human exploration, but its use is also being considered for some deep space robotic missions. The SLS will be more powerful than the Saturn V. If it is used for planetary missions to the outer solar system, direct trajectories rather than inner-solar-system gravity-assist maneuvers would be possible, cutting transit time, typically, by one-third. This launch approach alone would open the outer solar system to a significantly increased rate of missions and discoveries. Robotic exploration not only yields knowledge of the solar system; it also will enable the expansion of humanity beyond low-Earth orbit. By studying and characterizing planetary environments beyond Earth and identifying possible resources, planetary scientists will enable safe and effective human missions into space. Scientific precursor missions to the Moon enabled the Apollo landings and have made significant progress toward enabling human missions to Mars within the next 50 years. A single-planet species may not long survive. It is our destiny to move off this planet and into the solar system. We are developing the capability to do it. 翻译： 我们的机器人太阳系探险家收集了数据，帮助我们了解行星是如何形成的；是什么触发了行星之间不同的进化路径；什么过程是活跃的；以及地球是如何形成、进化和变得宜居的。 为了寻找地球以外生命的证据，我们利用这些数据绘制了可居住区域的地图，研究了陌生世界的化学性质，并揭示了导致生命必要条件的过程。 新技术将使航天机构能够开发和执行一系列更复杂和更具挑战性的任务。 我们正处于探索之旅的前沿，这将对太阳系作为我们的家园产生深刻的新理解。 美国宇航局正在为人类探索建造一个太空发射系统（SLS），但它也被考虑用于一些深空机器人任务。 SLS将比土星V更强大。如果它被用于向外太阳系执行行星任务，那么直接轨迹而不是太阳系内部重力辅助机动将是可能的，通常将渡越时间缩短三分之一。 单是这种发射方法，就可以使外部太阳系的任务和发现速度大大提高。 机器人探索不仅产生了太阳系的知识，它还将使人类能够扩展到近地轨道之外。 通过研究和描述地球以外的行星环境并确定可能的资源，行星科学家将使人类能够安全有效地进入太空。 对月球的科学先期任务使阿波罗登月成功，并在未来50年内实现人类对火星的任务方面取得了重大进展。 单个行星的物种可能不会存活太久。 我们的命运就是离开这个星球进入太阳系。 我们正在发展这样做的能力。

耐用性英文：durability。相关例句：1、微机检测汽车轮胎的耐用性和制动力。Microprocessors monitor tyre wear and brake power on cars v。2、将极大地提高服装的舒适性和耐用性。Will make garments tremendously more comfortable and durable。3、耐用性可以在分析规程的研发中确定。Robustness may be determined during development of the analytical procedure。4、用纱线作为承载芯；化纤外套增加耐用性。The sling has polyester load bearing fiber and polyeaster outer sleeve for extra durability。5、重型丝保释提供额外的耐用性,为大量使用。Heavy - duty wire bails offer extra durability for heavy use。6、它成为闻名的外观，质量，耐用性和稀有性。It became known for its appearance, quality, durability and rarity 。7、硬质氧化烹饪表层提供了极好的耐用性和多样性。The infused anodized cooking surfaces superb durability and versatility in the kitchen。8、有时，在接头处用一个小杠杆就能检测出耐用性。Wear may sometimes be detected by using a small pry bar under the joint。9、分析方法验证经常会包括中间精密度和耐用性的评估。The methods validation usually involves evaluation of intermediate precision and robustness。10、铭记然后必须优化壁厚和轴承类型和尺寸的紧凑和耐用性。Bearing in mind it is then necessary to optimize wall thicknesses and bearing types and sizes for compactness and durability。

We are trying to sort out and analyse more contents from the literature. Because this period was the period with serious natural disasters, the consequences from the natural disasters had great impacts on not only"social and political safety" and "economic prosperity", but also the "literature ideological trend". So, the study of literature will help us to understand it more fully.

exciting

tremendously[英][trə"mendəslɪ][美][trɪˈmɛndəslɪ]adv.极大地; 极端地; 极其; 非常; ================================================================== 亲~你好！````(^__^)```` 很高兴为您解答，祝你学习进步，身体健康，家庭和谐,天天开心！有不明白的可以追问！ 如果有其他问题请另发或点击向我求助，答题不易，请谅解. 如果您认可我的回答，请点击下面的【采纳为满意回答】或者手机提问的朋友在客户端右上角点击【评价】，谢谢！ 你的好评是我前进的动力!! 你的采纳也会给你带去财富值的。（祝你事事顺心） ==================================================================

tremendously

好娆

modern广告对现代生活的方方面面会产生极大的。

　　 英文书信 （一） 　　Dear Mr./Ms, 　　We are pleased to introduce Mr. Wang You, our import manager of Textiles Department. Mr. Wang is spending three weeks in your city to develop our business with chief manufactures and to make purchases of decorative fabrics for the coming season. 　　We shall be most grateful if you will introduce him to reliable manufacturers and give him any help or advice he may need. 　　Yours faithfully 　　 英文书信 （二） 　　20 June 2006 　　Dear Mr. Seaton， 　　Thank you very much for taking me with you on that splendid outing to London. It was the first time that I had seen the Tower or any of the other famous sights. If I"d gone alone, I couldn"t have seen nearly as much, because I wouldn"t have known my way about. 　　The weather was splendid on that day, which I thought was rare.( ) I still remember some people told me that in Britain there was weather and no climate. During the same day, it might snow in the morning, rain at noon, shine in the afternoon and be windy before the night falls. So I think I was lucky. 　　I think the river trip was the best thing of all. London really came alive for me as we saw it from the Thames during that wonderful journey down to Greenwich. It was all tremendously exciting － a day that I shall never forget. 　　Thank you for giving me such a great birthday treat. 　　Yours sincerely, 　　Linda Chen 　　 英文书信 （三） 　　Dear Mr. Wang： 　　Thank you for taking the time to write your wonderful letter in support of MCEA (Maywood Chinese Education Association). Your letter clearly articulates all the major reasons children in Maywood will benefit from studying the Chinese language as part of their elementary school education. It provides invaluable support that will help making bilingual Chinese education a reality in Maywood public schools. 　　Although MCEA would like to see Palo Alto public schools implement the first bilingual Chinese kindergarten class in September of 2006, we have learned that the school district must take the time to understand how a new program will affect existing educational offerings, and to validate community interest. Nevertheless, MCEA, with more than 70 members, will continue to actively promote bilingual Chinese education in the Palo Alto public schools and will keep you apprised of the progress we make. 　　Thanks again for sending a letter in support of MCEA. We" will continue to do all we can to realize this program both for families of Chinese descent and those with a general interest in participating in the growing economic power of China. 　　Yours sincerely 　　George Chen

我不会

Charles Spencer "Charlie" Chaplin (1889-1977) grew up in poverty in London, England, became a successful pantomimist in the English music halls in his early 20s, and joined Mack Sennett"s Keystone Studios in 1913. He soon began both starring in and directing two-reel comedies featuring his comic alter ego, the Tramp. That persona and the films became tremendously popular in the middle and later 1910s, and Chaplin negotiated that popularity into increasingly large salaries. By 1919, he had not only built his own movie studio but also co-founded United Artists with Douglas Fairbanks, Mary Pickford, and D.W. Griffith. Building his own studio gave Chaplin an unusually high degree of creative independence in Hollywood from the 1920s to the 1940s, at a time when the studio heads like Louis B. Mayer and Jack Warner usually held the bulk of power. 电影以及其拍摄时间：All of Chaplin"s films between A Woman of Paris (1923) and Limelight (1952) were distributed through United Artists after Chaplin independently produced them. Besides those two feature films, Chaplin also made The Gold Rush (1925), The Circus (1928), City Lights (1931), Modern Times (1936), The Great Dictator (1940), and Monsieur Verdoux (1947) during this period.http://www.fadetoblack.com/foi/charliechaplin/bio.html

最好有位导师指点 进步快些

记住发音规则和词性，并且在句子中应用

想提高成绩，最好不要看小说，要把所有的时间都放在读书上，还必须养成良好的读书方式。想要提升成绩需要做到以下几点：1调好心态：首先我们得调整好自己的心态，我们要把读书看作是一件有趣的事，这可以帮助我们更好的提升自己的成绩。把需要掌握的知识分类，做成思维导图，方便记忆。2防止过劳：疲劳容易引起心理上的不适，不利于答题时发挥出应有的水平。不管上哪门课，都要提前阅读知识，把自己理解不了的内容标记下来，上课的时候注意听课并记笔记。在我读初中的阶段，我的注意力经常不够集中，背诵提总是不起神，各科成绩都很差。无意间发现激发潜能的特斯拉潜能开发，看完之后，才开始改善了我这种不好状况。成绩都进步得很快。相信我的这些话应该可以帮你。3课后要回顾之前学的知识：经过一周的读书，在周末可以把这一周来所学的新单词回顾一遍。要给自己制定一个读书计划，这样你才能有一个前进的方向和动力。

　　Margaret Laurence"s life began on July 18, 1926 in the prairie town of Neepawa, Manitoba. Born Jean Margaret Wemyss, Laurence suffered the loss of her parents at a very young age. Her mother, Verna Simpson Wemyss, died in 1930 when Margaret was only four years old; her father Robert Wemyss, who later married Verna"s sister, passed away only five years after the death of his first wife. Raised from then on by her aunt/stepmother, a teacher and librarian, and her maternal grandfather, Laurence"s love of literature and of writing flourished with her aunt"s encouragement and guidance.　　Having begun to write in the second grade, Laurence decided early in life to become a writer. She began writing professionally in 1943 when she got a summer job as a reporter for the town newspaper and in 1944 she enrolled in the Honours English program at Winnipeg"s United College (known today as the University of Winnipeg). There, she began to publish her stories and poems in Vox, the United College newspaper of which she later became assistant editor. In 1947, after graduating with her BA from United College, Laurence went on to become a reporter for the Winnipeg Citizen. Later that same year, she married Jack Laurence, a civil engineer.　　In 1949, Margaret Laurence and her husband left for England and then, a year later, they moved to the British Protectorate of Somalia (known today as Somalia). They lived in Africa until 1957, spending the last five years of their stay in the Gold Coast (known today as Ghana). This time away from Canada marked a tremendously important period in Margaret Laurence"s life. Not only were her two children born during this time, but it was also in Africa that Laurence began to work seriously on writing fiction. While her initial focus was on preparing an essay about and translations of Somali verse and prose, published in 1954 under the title A Tree for Poverty, she also wrote a number of short stories on African subjects (stories which were later compiled in 1963"s The Tomorrow Tamer) and began work on her "African novel" This Side Jordan (1960). Although soon after returning to Canada she began to focus her creative efforts on writing about her own country, Laurence still maintained a great interest in African literature, culminating in her 1968 critical study of Nigerian literature, Long Drums and Cannons: Nigerian Dramatists and Novelists 1952-1966.　　Returning home in 1957, the Laurences settled in Vancouver where they remained for five years. There, Margaret finished This Side Jordan for which, after its publication in 1960, she received the Beta Sigma Phi award for the best first novel by a Canadian writer. It was also in Vancouver that Laurence began to write her first novel with a Canadian subject. Completed and published in 1964, The Stone Angel was the first in Laurence"s famous series of novels set in the fictional Manitoba town of Manawaka. Despite having "come home" in her subject matter, however, it was not long after beginning The Stone Angel that Laurence left Canada once more. After separating from her husband in 1962, she moved with her two children to England, where she settled first in London for a year and then at Elm Cottage in Buckinghamshire where they would reside for most of the next decade. It was at Elm Cottage that Laurence completed four of her five Manawaka books: The Stone Angel (1964), A Jest of God (1966), The Fire-Dwellers (1969), and A Bird in the House (1970). In 1966, A Jest of God won Laurence her first Governor General"s Award for fiction and was soon adapted into a movie entitled Rachel, Rachel. The great critical acclaim and commercial success of the first four Manawaka novels as well as her consistent output of essays and articles solidly established Margaret Laurence as one of the most important and beloved literary figures in Canada. By 1971, less than ten years after having left Canada for the second time, Laurence received the honour of being named a Companion of the Order of Canada.　　In the early 1970s, Margaret Laurence returned to Canada for good, eventually making her home in Lakefield, Ontario. Over the following several years, she continued to write but also took up writer-in-residence positions at the University of Toronto, the University of Western Ontario, and at Trent University. Working during the summers at her "Manawaka Cottage" on the Otonobee River in Southern Ontario, Laurence completed The Diviners (1974), her final novel and the fifth book in the Manawaka series. It was for The Diviners that Laurence received her second Governor General"s Award and in the following year she was awarded with the prestigious Molson Prize. While she did not write any more novels, Margaret Laurence went on to write a book of essays entitled Heart of a Stranger (1976), her posthumously published memoirs Dance on the Earth (1987), and, continuing what she had begun in 1970 with Jason"s Quest, three books for children: The Olden Days Coat (1979), Six Darn Cows (1979), and The Christmas Birthday Story (1980). Laurence also maintained her connection with the university community and served as chancellor of Trent University from 1981 to 1983.　　During the last decade of her life, Margaret Laurence was actively involved in speaking and writing about issues that concerned her such as nuclear disarmament, the environment, literacy, and other social issues. Today, that work continues through organizations like the Margaret Laurence Fund and honours like The Margaret Laurence Award for Excellence which continue to support such worthy causes in her name. Margaret Laurence died on January 5, 1987 and her ashes were interred at the Riverside Cemetery in Neepawa, Manitoba.

* 回复内容中包含的链接未经审核，可能存在风险，暂不予完整展示！什么是副词？

1. 英语长短句分析成分（速求 (Beyond the practial need to make order out of chaos状)，（the rise of dictionaries主） （is associated with谓） （the rise of english middle class宾），（who 。worlds to conquer-lexical as well as social and commercial定语从句）. It主语 is系动词 highly appropriate表语 （that Dr.Samuel Johnson,the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man,as famous in his own time as in ours should,have published his dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class主语从句）. that Dr.Samuel Johnson主语，（the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man同位语），（as famous in his own time as in ours定语） （should have published谓语） （his dictionary宾语） （at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class状语） 2. 英语长短句成分分析 It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.(that开始到句末都是主语从句，if到opportunities是主语从句中的条件状语从句) But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials. (that开始到limited是主语从句，the time后面是定语从句) Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture.(that开始到individuals是定语从句) 3. 如何简要地帮学生掌握分析英语长短句 短句自然不用说了，长句的话第一先找定语，都去掉，再找有没有两个逗号夹着的部分，划掉，找明显的壮语，7 o"clock,at home等，划掉。再找动词，也就是句子的谓语，这里说的动词不仅仅指说有动词意思的就算，一定是要有动词这个语法功能，比如说be doing ***或have been doing***）就是动词，也就是谓语，如果仅仅是doing***，那就是状语或宾语，那么动词就有比如说 do,does,did, be doing,be done， 等等。长句的话一般有两个或两个以上的动词，这样就有从句，找连接词，简单的就是and,so,because这样的一眼就看出来了，再有就what,when,where,how等等这样的，这样就有连接词把句子分为了两个部分，再找动词宾语，主语，基本的句子就出来了。不过还是要多联系，有些句子的从句是插入成分，分清从句到哪里结束，有些词语是双宾语，比如bring sth up，变成 bring up a +（中间一段超级长定语）+problem which……等等。 4. 求专业指导,分析英语长短句的步骤, 句子的主干是It is not unusual for a student to have $5,000 in loans after four years-loanseven if引导让步状语从句（even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer ）that引导定语从句（that he must start to repay within one year after gaduation）句子大意是 今天对一个学生是不寻常的，即使他工作部分时间在大学和充分的时间在夏季，有五千元贷款，四年后，他必须开始偿还贷款后一年内毕业。 （百度翻译上的）。 5. 托福写作中长短句结合句式怎么用 不明白您所说的长短句结合句式作何理解。 对于托福写作（或任何英语考试的写作部分）来说，（”所谓的“知）长句子和（”所谓的“）短句子相结合是非常明智和老师们都会推荐的一种写作技巧。因为这是考生语法能力也就是语言基本功的体现。 但这里说的长句和短句道其实就是要求考生能够在一篇作文中能交叉使用结构复杂和结构简单的句子。对于结构简单的句子一般就是我们英文老师所说版的简单句，多半句子成分简单（由主系表或主谓宾构成）。 对于句权子结构复杂的句子而言，往往是包含了各种从句的句子。而每篇作文中适当使用一些特殊句式如倒装句，强调句，感叹句等会更加增强表达效果。 6. 高中英语怎样提高到120以上 我是一个高考的过来人，高考成绩129分，平时大考碰狗屎运也考过130+的分数。首先我想请阁下明白一个道理冰冻三尺非一日之寒，所以坚持很重要，英语是一门很看重积累的科目。 虽然我高考已经好多年了，而且今年即将大学毕业，踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢，英语一直是我的排头兵！我对英语的自信还有，我觉得学好英语不难，重要的是你要有恒心，急躁冒进，三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧： 首先先你要端正心态，不要急躁，，你做你自己的事，这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路，做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实，英语是单词和语法的综合，所以单词和语法都要拿下。 其次，对于单词，有如下几种方法，第一个，是加强记忆的频度，也就是说，早上记了几个，隔几个小时又看一次，总之一天之内，记忆的间隔不要太长，否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化，第二个，是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜，比如good morning 是狗摸你…（见笑了）…，第三个，最重要的是，记单词的时候，不要忘了阅读，一边记单词，一边看文章，这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来，记忆的效果会加倍，第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆，要形成一个意群，比如，重要性用magnitude magnificence ，表示非常，大大地有exceedingly,tremendously,extremely……这样做在你写作时，是十分有好处的，写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇，你要写高级词汇，比如重要性写magnitude，许多写a multitude of 或者handsome。 再次，是语法。学习语法，首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补，什么是系动词，什么是直接宾语，间接宾语，这些是学习语法的基础，语法是房子，主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦。然后就要多做一些语法专项练习，并在此过程中不断总结，并时时回顾那些了解，那些依然不理解，需要注意的是，那些不理解的一定要花时间弄清楚，否则对自己的不负责将会导致英语语法一知半解的结局！这对于想成为英语高手的人来说，是十分不利的！（注：本人从开始时不知主谓宾，到熟练掌握语法，把语法书看了不下二十遍，书都翻烂了！莫笑本人愚笨……） 此外，对于完形填空以及阅读理解，那就只能靠平时的练习了，在这个过程中，你要时时总结，纵深对比，千万不要陷入题海战术只做题，不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中，你把各种体型都总结了一遍，积累了丰富的经验，而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度，一举两得，所以做题是很重要的！其实，完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析，也就是说，做完形填空你的语法要好，而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配，短语，特殊用法等，完形填空的语法还是很重要的！对于阅读，我个人感觉是，纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题，只有保证一定的练习量，你才能用质的提高！ 最后，我建议你，平时读报，或者做题的时候，发现有好的句子好的词汇，你要抄下来，长期下来，你的作文会有提高的，需要说明的是，这个提高过程可能很缓慢，但是最后能收到很好的效果，以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别，靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇，句型，句子。我个人的理解是，在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上，作文便应该以词汇取胜，因为在这个层次上，大家的语法都差不多，没什么变化，唯一有变化的就是你的词汇！给你打个比方吧，很多想到“许多”就用many，但是你别忘了many a ;handsome;massive,innumerable；很多人想到“专家”就写expert，但很少人会想到specialist，很多人在想到“擅长”这词，就写be good at ，却不知还有更高级的表达法：be expert at 或者excel in ……高手和庸才，就体现在这些细微的差别上 ！！

　　新时代交互英语读写译2的书本练习答案有哪些呢?别着急，接下来，我就和大家分享英语读写译2答案，希望对各位有帮助! 　　英语读写译2答案： 　　Key to Exercises of Unit 1 　　III. Vocabulary & Structure 　　1. 　　rough 2) exceeding 3) stand out 4) Witnesses 5) rejected 　　6) adopted 7) flowed in 8) emerged 9) To seek out 10) (should) resolve 　　2. 　　1) founded in the slums of Calcutta an order that grew into an international movement. 　　2) was already resolved to become a nun. 　　3) what she said was without doubt a call from God 　　4) more strict than in other orders because, in Mother Teresa"s view, “to be able to love the poor and know the poor we must be poor ourselves.” 　　5) a familiar figure at scenes of disaster. 　　IV. Banked Cloze 　　J C F B O M G A N I 　　V. Translation 　　1. 　　1) to reject a human soul in need 　　2) the love and cheerfulness that permeated the wards 　　3) forced her to announce her retirement 　　4) giving cause for concern 　　5) adopted the religious name 　　2. 　　1) 身着修女袍的她证明了“信仰诚，大山移”这一真理。 　　2)在特蕾莎修女看来，“要爱穷人，了解穷人，我们自己也必须是穷人。” 　　3)她说她真真切切地听到了上帝的召唤，要为穷人中最穷的人服务。 　　4)特蕾莎修女辛勤工作，奉献不止，她双手粗糙、满脸皱纹、身形佝偻，以圣徒般的形象拷问着世人的良知。 　　5)特蕾莎修女毫不畏惧死亡。 　　1. Comprehension of the text 　　NG N Y Y N Y Y 　　8) eligible friends and kin 　　9) gives a dozen speeches around the country 　　10) have died within several days 　　1) miracles 2) refused 3) grief 4) aspired 5) On behalf of 　　6) sustained 7) prevail on 8) quitted 9) my sights were set on 10) advocates 　　Key to Exercises of Unit 2 　　III. Vocabulary & Structure 　　1. 　　1) numerous , diverse 2) immense , transform 3) maintain 　　4) ambition 5) tremendously , crucial 　　2. 　　1) transferring 2) previous 3) style 4) miserable 5) unique 　　6) convincing 7) notion 8) adapted 9) components 10) goals 　　IV. Banked Cloze 　　F I G L H B J K O M 　　V. Translation 　　1. 　　1) take into account 　　2) insists on preserving her own art concepts 　　3) could be adapted slightly 　　4) which are heavy with Western graphic notions 　　(or) and they are heavy with Western graphic notions 　　5) Living in the United States 　　2. 　　1) 我遇到许多巨大的挑战，使我为保持自我而努力。 　　2)大多数情形下我只能遵从西方的理念来完成作品。 　　3)在课堂上作课题评论时，我觉得自己完全格格不入。 　　4)当我的导师告诉我不仅要更多地参与课堂活动而且要更多地进行概念性思考时，我就感到很沮丧。 　　5)将亚洲设计元素与美国设计艺术相结合非常重要。 　　1. Comprehension of the text 　　Y N Y N N NG Y 　　8)physical, emotional, and social needs 　　9) scored considerably higher 　　10) a matter of the individual student 　　1) prior to 2) moods 3) rate 4) applied to 5) effect 　　6) range 7) short-term 8) motivated 9) intelligent 10) performed 　　Key to Exercises of Unit 3 　　Ⅲ. Vocabulary & Structure 　　1. 　　1) fortune 2) In a way 3) committed 4) creativity 5) make a difference 　　6) on my own 7) For all 8) hooked 9) inspired 10) diagnostic 2. 　　1) I stick to the idea that the inventiveness and brightness of human 　　beings will turn our world into a better place. 　　2) computers can also help us work out the problems that are too hard for 　　even the cleverest person to overcome completely by themselves. 　　3) we may also find other means to apply our inventiveness and brightness to the 　　work of improving our world. 　　4) have decided to devote ourselves to the cause of improving health and education 　　so that it can benefit as many people as possible. 　　5) children"s death in Africa is as sad as it is in other parts of the world, and it won"t 　　cost much to make a great change in these children"s life. 　　Ⅳ. Banked Cloze 　　1. F 2. M 3. J. 4. I 5. N 6. E 7. H 8. G 9. O 10. D Ⅴ. Translation 　　1. 　　1) I feel particularly lucky to do something every day that I love to do. 　　2) as inspired by computers as I was back in seventh grade 　　3) giving kids everywhere a window into all of the world"s knowledge 　　4) But for all the cool things that a person can do with a PC 　　5) There are still far two many people in the world 　　2. 　　1) 它让有着共同兴趣的人结成团体，让我们与那些对我们而言重要的人保持密 　　切联系，不管他们身在何处。 　　2) 举例来说，每年仍有成百上千万的人死于那些在发达国家易于预防和治疗的 　　疾病。 　　3) 我认为我个人所拥有的大量财富也使我负有回馈社会的责任。 　　4) 我仍是一个坚定的乐观主义者，艰辛即便是世界上最难的问题都有取得进展 　　的可能——而这样的进步其实每天都在发生。 　　5) 我相信，凭借人类与生俱来的发明创造力和敢于挑战难题的精神，在有生之 　　年我将有幸看到人类在所有这些领域创造出令人惊叹的成就。 　　Ⅰ. Comprehension of the Text 　　1) D 2) C 3) A 4) C 5) B 　　Ⅱ. Vocabulary Building 　　1. assumes 2. reputation 3. Surrounded 4. consume 5. commercial 　　6. sequence 7. champion 8. intense 9. claims 10. means 　　Key to Exercises of Unit 7 III. Vocabulary & Structure 　　1. 　　1) norms 2) proof 3) viewpoint 4) inherit 5) outlook 　　6) lack 7) particular 8) undertook 9) prompted 10) response 　　2. 　　1) were almost no different from the responses of unrelated pairs of people 　　2) also studied a smaller group of identical twins who had been separated at birth and raised in different families. 　　3) may also have a tendency to hide their true feelings. 　　4) may be those known to control the brain chemicals serotonin and dopamine, both associated with pleasure and mood. 　　5) that genetic predisposition is only part of the equation is backed up by other research. 　　IV. Banked Cloze 　　H L E A K B M N D J 　　V. Translation 　　1. 　　1) half of whom were identical 　　2) the underlying factors leading to happiness 　　3) showed a genetic link to happiness 　　4) rather than just ask them if they are happy 　　5) no matter where they lived or worked 　　2. 　　1) 这个研究证实了相同基因与快乐感之间的关联。 　　2)哈默认为，对双胞胎的研究有力地证明了人的性情来自遗传。 　　3) 人的基本个性具有生物学特征，能以一种相互作用的基因模型遗传下来。 　　4) 他赞同特利根的观点，认为人们可以人为地影响快乐感。 　　5)总之，这场关于快乐的能力是否源自于基因遗传，以及行为在多大程度上影响着快乐的讨论还在继续。 　　1. Comprehension of the text 　　D B D C A 　　2. Vocabulary Building 　　1) predict 2) interpreted 3) characteristics 4) detail 5) flexible 　　6) conservative 7) oriented 8) seeking 9) categorized 10) compatibility 看了“英语读写译2答案”的人还看： 1. tpo9阅读答案 2. 浅析从心理语言学角度看大学英语听力教学 3. 最全的英语学习方法技巧

Inthisgoodseasonandbeautifulday,SendyoumissingsandsendyoumissingsandBestwishes在这个好的季节，美丽的日子，寄给你最美好的祝愿

http://baike.baidu.com/view/149.htm

一、to与for的区别 For和to这两个介词，意义丰富，用法复杂。这里仅就它们主要用法进行比较。 表示各种“目的” What do you study English for? 你为什么要学英语？  She went to France for holiday. 她到法国度假去了。 These books are written for pupils. 这些书是为学生些的。  hope for the best, prepare for the worst. 作最好的打算，作最坏的准备。   2． 对于 She has a liking for painting. 她爱好绘画 。 She had a natural gift for teaching. 她对教学有天赋 3． 表示赞成同情，用不用  Are you for the idea or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个想法？ He expresses sympathy for the common people.. 他表现了对普通老百姓的同情。  I felt deeply sorry for my friend who was very ill.4.表示因为，由于（常有较活译法）  Thank you for coming. 谢谢你来。 France is famous for its wines. 法国因酒而出名。 5． 当事人对某事的主观看法，对于（某人），对„来说（多和形容词连用）用介词to，不用for.. He said that money was not important to him. 他说钱对他并不重要。 To her it was rather unusual. 对她来说这是相当不寻常的。 They are cruel to animals. 他们对动物很残忍。 6. 表示前往（某地）去某地，用for不用to I bought a ticket for Milan. I start for Shanghai tomorrow. 我明天去上海。 The ship is for Liverpool. 这艘船是开往利物浦的。                                                                                                                                             7. 表示到达的目的地、终点.用to不用for The bus will take you to the post office. 公共汽车会把你送到邮局去的。 He saw her to the railway station. 他把她送到火车站。 8．表示交换 1） I bought a bicycle for seven hundred yuan. 我以七百元买了一辆自行车。 2） He is willing to work for nothing. 他愿意义务地工作。 9．表示就„来说，用for He was tall for his age. 以他的年龄来说他的个子是很高的。 For so young a man he had read widely. 作为这样年轻的人，他书读的是够多了。 10．表示相应、对应，一般for 的前后用同一个名词。 Don"t translate word for word. 不要逐词翻译。 Blood for blood ! 血债血偿。 Eye for eye, tooth for tooth. 以眼还眼，以牙还牙。 To 的此种用法表示贴着，对着。 The two lovers dance cheek to cheek. 这对情侣跳贴面舞。 They stood face to face ( back to back ) 他们面对面（背对背）地站着常与for搭配的buy make do get play call choose cookfetch find keep order save常与to搭配的bring give grant hand pass lend offer pay promise sell send show tell throw write没有什么规则来区分这些词，只有通过积累来让眼睛熟悉它们才能区分它们 

带一个字典呗！

英语名言 Look before you leap. First think, then act. 三思而后行。 It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢，犹为未晚。 Light come, light go. 来得容易，去得快。 Time is money. 时间就是金钱。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真交。 Great hopes make great man. 远大的希望，造就伟大的人物。 After a storm comes a calm. 雨过天晴。 All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 Art is long, but life is short. 人生有限，学问无涯。 Stick to it, and you‘ll succeed. 只要人有恒，万事都能成。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. 早睡早起，富裕、聪明、身体好。 A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。 It is good to learn at another man‘s cost. 前车之鉴。 Keeping is harder than winning. 创业不易，守业更难。 Let‘s cross the bridge when we come to it. 船到桥头自然直。 More haste, less speed. 欲速则不达。 No pains, no gains. 不劳则无获。 Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. 世上无难事，只要肯登攀。 Where there is life, there is hope. 生命不息，希望常在。 An idle youth, a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 We must not lie down, and cry, "God help us." 求神不如求己。 A plant may produce new flowers; man is young but once. 花有重开日，人无再少年。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者，天助之。 What may be done at any time will be done at no time. 明日待明日，明日不再来。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。 Diligence is the mother of success. 勤奋是成功之母。 Truth is the daughter of time. 时间见真理。 Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves. 积少自然成多。 No man is wise at all times. 智者千虑，必有一失。 Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 今天能做的事绝不要拖到明天。 Live and learn. 活到老，学到老。 Kill two birds with one stone. 一石双鸟。 It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行。 In doing we learn. 经一事，长一智。 Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。 An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. 一分预防胜似十分治疗。 Industry is fortune‘s right hand, and frugality her left. 勤勉是幸运的右手，节约是幸运的左手。 Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration. 天才一分来自灵感，九十九分来自勤奋。 He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。 He who pays the piper, calls the tune. 谁负担费用，谁加以控制。 He who has health has hope, and he who has hope has everything. 身体健壮就有希望，有了希望就有了一切。 No man is born wise or learned. 人非生而知之。 Action speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue. 勇敢和坚决是美德的灵魂。 United we stand, divided we fall. 合即立，分即垮。

Everything is developing fast in the 21st century.

我是一个高考的过来人，高考成绩129分，平时大考碰狗屎运也考过130+的分数。首先我想请阁下明白一个道理冰冻三尺非一日之寒，所以坚持很重要，英语是一门很看重积累的科目。 虽然我高考已经好多年了，而且今年即将大学毕业，踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢，英语一直是我的排头兵！我对英语的自信还有，我觉得学好英语不难，重要的是你要有恒心，急躁冒进，三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧： 首先先你要端正心态，不要急躁，，你做你自己的事，这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路，做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实，英语是单词和语法的综合，所以单词和语法都要拿下。 其次，对于单词，有如下几种方法，第一个，是加强记忆的频度，也就是说，早上记了几个，隔几个小时又看一次，总之一天之内，记忆的间隔不要太长，否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化，第二个，是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜，比如good morning 是狗摸你…（见笑了）…，第三个，最重要的是，记单词的时候，不要忘了阅读，一边记单词，一边看文章，这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来，记忆的效果会加倍，第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆，要形成一个意群，比如，重要性用magnitude magnificence ，表示非常，大大地有exceedingly，tremendously，extremely……这样做在你写作时，是十分有好处的，写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇，你要写高级词汇，比如重要性写magnitude，许多写a multitude of 或者handsome。再次，是语法。学习语法，首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补，什么是系动词，什么是直接宾语，间接宾语，这些是学习语法的基础，语法是房子，主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦。然后就要多做一些语法专项练习，并在此过程中不断总结，并时时回顾那些了解，那些依然不理解，需要注意的是，那些不理解的一定要花时间弄清楚，否则对自己的不负责将会导致英语语法一知半解的结局！这对于想成为英语高手的人来说，是十分不利的！（注：本人从开始时不知主谓宾，到熟练掌握语法，把语法书看了不下二十遍，书都翻烂了！莫笑本人愚笨……） 此外，对于完形填空以及阅读理解，那就只能靠平时的练习了，在这个过程中，你要时时总结，纵深对比，千万不要陷入题海战术只做题，不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中，你把各种体型都总结了一遍，积累了丰富的经验，而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度，一举两得，所以做题是很重要的！其实，完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析，也就是说，做完形填空你的语法要好，而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配，短语，特殊用法等，完形填空的语法还是很重要的！对于阅读，我个人感觉是，纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题，只有保证一定的练习量，你才能用质的提高！最后，我建议你，平时读报，或者做题的时候，发现有好的句子好的词汇，你要抄下来，长期下来，你的作文会有提高的，需要说明的是，这个提高过程可能很缓慢，但是最后能收到很好的效果，以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别，靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇，句型，句子。我个人的理解是，在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上，作文便应该以词汇取胜，因为在这个层次上，大家的语法都差不多，没什么变化，唯一有变化的就是你的词汇！给你打个比方吧，很多想到“许多”就用many，但是你别忘了many a ；handsome；massive，innumerable；很多人想到“专家”就写expert，但很少人会想到specialist，很多人在想到“擅长”这词，就写be good at ，却不知还有更高级的表达法：be expert at 或者excel in ……高手和庸才，就体现在这些细微的差别上 ！！

在本文中，我们描述了在MCI中发展起来的企业网络安全系统的设计。此系统从用户入口保护网络元素。这项设计最大地考虑了性能、可管理性和各种符合要求的安全机制。我们大量讨论各种具体设计，以使安全系统更便于操作，同时大大减少因执行安全措施而产生的性能开销。本篇论文的其余部分组织如下：在接下来的部分，我们讨论企业网络安全系统的设计要求。包括安全机制、性能和系统可管理性目标。在第三部分，我们讨论具体设计决策。这些决策帮助机器在性能和系统可管理性上达到设计目标。此处举了一个关于如何执行机制的例子。同时也讨论了十分重要的对设计的执行问题。最后，第四部分总结。

这些短句就是，当你想要批评一个人的时候，你要记得，并不是所有人都有你这样的条件。人们在一出生的时候，善恶感就有差异。世界上有追求者和被追求者的存在，也有忙碌者跟疲惫者的存在。我现在已经30岁了，如果我再年轻一点，我就会把欺骗自己的行为当做美德。有的品行建立在石头上面，有的品行建立在泥沼中。

enthusiastic的意思是热情的；热心的；热烈的；满腔热忱的。enthusiastic是形容词，形容词是词类的一种，主要用来描写或修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性，常用作定语，也可作表语或补语。性质形容词一般能受“不”和“很”的修饰。如“不大、很大、不生动、很生动”。少数状态形容词不受“不”和“很”的修饰，如“不冰凉、很冰凉、不雪白、很雪白、不初级、很初级”。enthusiastic造句1、He usually preferred to train up a crew of enthusiastic young sailors from scratch. 他通常更喜欢从零开始对一班满怀热情的年轻船员从头到脚进行训练。2、He was a tremendously enthusiastic teacher and that rubbed off on all the children.他是一个满腔热情的老师，他的热情也感染了所有的孩子。

当你想要批评一个人的时候，你要知道，世界上不是每个人都有你这样的待遇。人们在出生时的罪恶感就存在差异。世界上有追求者和被追求者的存在，也有忙碌的人和疲惫的人。我可以把自己置身事外也可以放在事情内。你可以相信我做的任何事情。每个人都必须要拥有自己的梦想。

巴厘岛的英文介绍Have you heard of Bali, a place to the south of Indonesia? It"s a small island but is becoming more and more famous by its fascinating tourist attractions enjoyed by hundreds of thousands of people from world at large. Bali is so picturesque that you could be fooled into thinking it was a painted backdrop: rice paddies trip down hillsides like giant steps, volcanoes soar through the clouds, the forests are lush and tropical, and the beaches are lapped by the warm waters of the Indian Ocean. But the postcard paradise gloss has been manufactured and polished by the international tourist industry rather than by the Balinese themselves who don"t even have a word for paradise in their language. When to Visit Just considering the weather, the cooler dry season from April to October is the best time to visit Bali. The rest of the year is more humid, cloudier and has more rainstorms, but you can still enjoy a holiday. There are also distinct tourist seasons that affect the picture. The European summer holidays bring the biggest crowds —— July, August and early September are busy. Accommodation can be tight in these months and prices are higher. Balinese festivals, holidays and special celebrations occur all the time, so don"t worry about timing your visit to coincide with local events. It could be a nice treat to fuse into the local culture and enjoy the traditional cuisine and local delicacies. Off-beaten Tourist AttractionsKuta and Legian Including the two beach sites of Kuta and Legian, this area is a major sightseeing for travelers, offering cheap accommodation, Western food, great shopping, surf, sunsets and riotous nightlife. Although it"s fashionable to contempt Kuta for its rampant development, low-brow nightlife, the cosmopolitan mixture of beach-party and entrepreneurial energy can be exciting. Kuta is not pretty but it"s not dull either, and the amazing growth is evidence that a lot of people still find something to appreciate in Kuta. It"s still the best beach in Bali, with the only surf, which breaks over sand instead of coral. Lots of cheap accommodation is available and there"s a huge choice of places to eat. Shops and venders offer everything from local handcrafts to genuine antiques. Even the tourists themselves have become a tourist attraction, with visitors swarming into this small island on the tropical area.Behind the beaches, roads and alleys lead back to the most amazing district of hotels, restaurants, bars, food stalls and shops. The renowned Poppies Gang, running directly back from Kuta Beach, is where most of the quieter, inexpensive hostels and restaurants are located. Cheap beachfront accommodation is available in Legian; the lanes running parallel to the beach are the best places to start trawling for a decent bed. The Bali Museum The Bali Museum consists of an attractive series of separate buildings, including examples of both palace and temple architecture. The exhibits themselves are not always well presented, but there are enough arts and crafts and everyday items displayed to make it worthwhile. The tiny cane cases for transporting fighting crickets are pretty special. The Abiankapas arts center houses a collection of modern painting and woodcarving. Dancing groups and gamelan orchestras regularly perform here, mostly for the benefit of tourists. Ubud Situated in the hills 20km north of Denpasar, Ubud is the serene cultural center of Bali. Extensive development in recent years has meant that Ubud has engulfed a number of nearby villages, although these have retained their distinct identities. Head off in any direction and you"re in for an interesting walk to a secluded craft hamlet, through the rice paddies or into the dense Monkey Forest, just south of the town center. In Ubud itself, the Puri Lukisan Museum displays fine examples of all schools of Balinese art in a beautiful garden setting. There are several other quality galleries such as Museum Neka, which features work of some Western artists who have painted in Bali, and Agung Rai Gallery, a commercial operation which also houses a small, but important, permanent collection. The homes of influential Western artists Walter Spies and Rudolf Bonnet, who played key roles in transforming Balinese art from the purely decorative, can also be viewed. Ubud is a good place to see Balinese dancing and hear Balinese music, and it has some of the finest restaurants on the island. Tenganan The ancient village of Tenganan, inland from the east coast port of Padangbai, can only be reached by motorbike or on foot. It"s a walled Bali Aga village, busy with unusual customs, festivals and practices. It"s the center for the weaving of the little-seen double ikat cloth, and ancient versions of gamelan and accompanying dances are performed here. The nearby towns of Amlapura and Tirtagangga are known for their decaying water palaces - relics of the power of the Balinese rajahs - which are surrounded by beautiful terraced rice paddies. The Bali Barat National Park The Bali Barat National Park covers nearly all the coral reef and coastal waters. Most of the natural vegetation in the park is coastal savanna with deciduous trees, which become bare in the dry season. Over 200 species of plants inhabit the various environments. Animals include black monkeys, leaf monkeys and macaques; Java, barking, sambar and mouse deer; squirrels, wild pigs, buffalos, iguanas and pythons. The bird life is prolific, with many of Bali"s 200 species represented, including the striking Bali starling. The park"s attractions include hot springs, uninhabited Deer Island (which has great diving) and guided jungle treks. Transportation Transport from Ngurah Rai international airport, 2.5km south of Kuta, is quite simple. Choose from an official taxi counter, where you pay a set price in advance, or walk across the airport car park and hail a metered cab. The lightly-laden can walk straight up the road to Kuta, although it"s a more pleasant stroll along the beach. The main forms of public transport on Bali are the cheap buses and bemos (minibus) that run on more or less set routes within or between towns. If you want your own transport, you can charter a bemo or rent a car, motorcycle or bicycle. The Balinese drive on the left, use their horns a lot and give way to traffic pulling onto the road. Tourist shuttle buses, running between the major tourist centers, are more expensive than public transport but are also more comfortable and convenient. So, after such a descriptive guide about this tiny little island in the South East Asia, are you in the mood of visiting it. It"s worthwhile for sure. http://www.englishfan.com/article/2007-1-15/966-1.htm 大溪地介绍（暂没找到英文版） 大溪地是玻里尼西亚群岛一百一十八个岛中的最大之岛，是玻里尼西亚群岛国际机场和首府所在地，总面积约一千平方公里，形状从空中鸟瞰似尾鱼，鱼头鱼身被称为「大大溪地」（Tahiti Nui），鱼尾叫「小大溪地」（Tahiti Iti），目前人口约有十万余人。 玻里尼西亚群岛位于南半球，纽西兰东北方，夏威夷之南，目前仍属法国海外殖民地，官方语言为法语。 大溪地位于南太平洋岛屿的地理位置,这里四季温暖如春、物产丰富。衣食无忧的人们常常无所事事地望着大海远处凝思,这种忧郁或是悠闲的状态一般都要维持整个下午。然后是日落,然后是天亮。阳光跟着太平洋上吹来的风一同到来,海水的颜色也由幽深到清亮。他们管自己叫“上帝的人”,人们管那里叫“最接近天堂的地方”。 1716年,英国舰队意外地发现了大溪地这个百花飘香的人间乐土,他们想不出更好的名字,只好用“海上仙岛”这样通俗的比喻来定义它。时间过得很快,世事无常,大溪地与它最初的发现者没了瓜葛,成了法属波里尼西亚五大群岛中最大的一个岛屿,而昔时的景色则超越着“沧海桑田,良辰美景奈何天”的一般规律,依然耀眼。 大溪地是印象派画家，抽象主义大师高更的生活与精神家园，高更不顾一切，离开巴黎，远涉重洋，到南太平洋上的tahiti 岛上生活、画画，在这里，高更沉迷于被称为人间天堂的大溪地的绚烂和谐的自然风光与原始质朴的人文，开启了自己艺术的心门，达到了绘画事业的顶峰，并品尝到了真实纯朴幸福的生活. 大溪地是南太平洋法属波利尼西亚群岛一百一十八个小岛中最大的一个岛屿。位于南半球,纽西兰东北方,夏威夷之南。目前仍属法国海外殖民地,当地的官方语言主要为法语。特产是珍珠。 大溪地所属的玻理尼西亚文化中心是由美国摩门教教会(The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints)为了弘扬本教，避免玻理尼西亚文化在西方文明的侵蚀下完全消失，并为本教的杨百翰大学(Brigham Young University-Hawaii)的学生提供勤工俭学的机会，于1963年，创立于夏威夷州鸥湖岛的北端。该中心距夏威夷州首府檀香山市约60英里. 大溪地是总面积约一千平方公里的岛屿,在南半球新西兰的东北方,从空中俯瞰像一尾鱼,所以人们把鱼头鱼身那截叫做“大大溪地”,鱼尾那端则叫成“小大溪地”。岛上的风景宛如仙境般纯净魅力，是夏日度假避暑的最佳选择。 海水纯净得让人感动，在美景中人的身心可以得到最大的放松，世外桃源般的生活让世人向往。 塔希提岛是它的另外一个名字,因为一个叫高更的人和他曾经在那里的生活。《月亮和六便士》说,高更抛弃所有不顾一切来到这个小岛,然后画起了这里的少女。塔希提少女相对而坐,素色的小花簪在发际静静地散发着芬芳。这样的生活一过就是12年 。因此大溪地是南太平洋著名的旅游圣地，被称为人间天堂——上帝恩赐的礼物！ http://baike.baidu.com/view/65531.htm

本人高考多年了，只总结方法，不总结句型虽然我高考已经好多年了，而且今年即将大学毕业，踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢，英语一直是我的排头兵！我对英语的自信还有，我觉得学好英语不难，重要的是你要有恒心，急躁冒进，三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧： 首先先你要端正心态，不要急躁，，你做你自己的事，这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路，做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实，英语是单词和语法的综合，所以单词和语法都要拿下。 其次，对于单词，有如下几种方法，第一个，是加强记忆的频度，也就是说，早上记了几个，隔几个小时又看一次，总之一天之内，记忆的间隔不要太长，否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化，第二个，是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜，比如good morning 是狗摸你…（见笑了）…，第三个，最重要的是，记单词的时候，不要忘了阅读，一边记单词，一边看文章，这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来，记忆的效果会加倍，第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆，要形成一个意群，比如，重要性用magnitude magnificence ，表示非常，大大地有exceedingly，tremendously，extremely……这样做在你写作时，是十分有好处的，写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇，你要写高级词汇，比如重要性写magnitude，许多写a multitude of 或者handsome。再次，是语法。学习语法，首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补，什么是系动词，什么是直接宾语，间接宾语，这些是学习语法的基础，语法是房子，主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦 此外，对于完形填空以及阅读理解，那就只能靠平时的练习了，在这个过程中，你要时时总结，纵深对比，千万不要陷入题海战术只做题，不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中，你把各种体型都总结了一遍，积累了丰富的经验，而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度，一举两得，所以做题是很重要的！其实，完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析，也就是说，做完形填空你的语法要好，而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配，短语，特殊用法等，完形填空的语法还是很重要的！对于阅读，我个人感觉是，纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题，只有保证一定的练习量，你才能用质的提高！最后，我建议你，平时读报，或者做题的时候，发现有好的句子好的词汇，你要抄下来，长期下来，你的作文会有提高的，需要说明的是，这个提高过程可能很缓慢，但是最后能收到很好的效果，以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别，靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇，句型，句子。我个人的理解是，在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上，作文便应该以词汇取胜，因为在这个层次上，大家的语法都差不多，没什么变化，唯一有变化的就是你的词汇！给你打个比方吧，很多想到“许多”就用many，但是你别忘了many a ；handsome；massive，innumerable；很多人想到“专家”就写expert，但很少人会想到specialist，很多人在想到“擅长”这词，就写be good at ，却不知还有更高级的表达法：be expert at 或者excel in ……高手和庸才，就体现在这些细微的差别上 ！！

在过去的百年，有轩频繁的自然灾害，如洪水，干旱，泥石流，地震海浪，地震，风暴和新的沙漠拉伸。在亿万人民的灾难已造成数以百万计，摧毁了无数家园，消灭了无数块肥沃的土地。现在越来越多的人意识到，这些灾害有很多工作要做，我们所做的地球。我们在森林砍伐太多的树木，我们已经严重污染了环境，我们震惊了我们自己的家 - 地球一次又一次用核弹非常强大的爆炸。因此，气候变得异常，雨水冲下来的山坡一气之下，和地下的能量上升报复本身我们。地球是我们唯一的家园 - 地球。这是迫切需要我们停下来破坏它，并尽最大努力保护它，使它适合居住，因为我们无处可去生存，除非我们现在是一个可爱的地方。 望采纳...

20th century 90"s, the international electronics and computer technology to the more advanced countries, has been actively exploring new methods of electronic circuit design, and design methods, tools and so on carried out a thorough reform, and achieved great success. The field of electronic technology in design, programmable logic devices (eg, CPLD, FPGA) applications, has been widely popular, these devices for the design of digital systems has brought about tremendous flexibility. These devices can be programmed through software and hardware structure and working its way to reconstruction, so that the design of hardware, as software design can be as simple and convenient. All this has greatly changed the traditional method of digital system design, design process and design concepts, and promoted the rapid development of EDA technology. EDA is the electronic design automation (Electronic Design Automation) abbreviation, in the 20th century from the early 90"s computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), computer-aided test (CAT) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) the concept of development come. EDA technology is the computer as a tool, designers in the EDA software platform, with hardware description language HDL design document completed, and then completed automatically by the computer logic of the compiler, simplification, segmentation, integration, optimization, layout, layout and simulation, until the specific target of the adaptive chip compiler, logic mapping and programming work to download. EDA technologies, greatly improve the efficiency of the circuit design and can be *, and reduce the labor intensity of the designers. The design in the EDA development platform QUARTUS | | 6.0 on the use of VHDL language digital divider circuit design, the use of digital sub-band music of the principles of the design of hardware circuit performances, and custom music LPM-ROM data storage in order to "The Butterfly Lovers "and" The Moon Represents My Heart "as an example two pieces of music, the music data storage to the LPM-ROM, on a pure hardware to achieve the means to achieve the effect of playing music. LPM-ROM as long as the modification of music data stored their music into other musical data, and then re-customized LPM-ROM, connect to the process can be achieved on other music playing.不知道能不能帮上伱、莪正好查资料、就帮你翻译好了

背单词的基础当然是得学会音标了，所以你首先得学会音标。学好英语最重要的还是单词，所以你应该抓住一切可能的时间疯狂背单词，有了足够的词汇相信读文章也就不成问题了；其次，你应该多倍一些简单的句子，这样日积月累便会有很强的语感，而且还能出口成章呢。相信只要你坚持一定可以学好的，加油哦！