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[[英]]pru0259u02c8pu0254:u0283u0259nl[[美]]pru0259u02c8pu0254:ru0283u0259nladj.比例的，成比例的;相称的，均衡的n.[数]比例项，比例量[例句]Countries with parliaments elected by proportional representation are often cursed with myriad political groups. 国家和由适当比例的代表选出的议会经常被无数的政治组织所厌恶。

proportionately相称的, 成比例的, 均衡的proportionally 按比例地,相配合地;适当地

result of是介词短语，是表示原因的,后面的句子是结果。result of释义：是…结果；由于…结果。result作名词时的基本意思是“结果,效果,后果”,指某原因所产生的最终结果,而不是眼前的结果,有时可指一种独特的、出乎意料的结果,作此解时,用单复数形式均可。result引申还可作“成效”解。result还可表示“人、球队、团体参加考试或竞赛的结果、成绩”。作此解时,一般用复数形式。同根词组：result appreciably 可感觉到差异地产生。result astonishingly 惊讶地产生。result badly 结果不佳。result deplorably 糟透地产生。result fatally 致命地产生。result inevitably 不可避免地产生。result infallibly 不会犯错误地产生。result proportionally 成比例地产生。

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Discrediting the "Model Minority" StereotypeStudy finds that while Chinese American adults are twice as likely as U.S.average to hold college degrees, Chinese Americans graduate from high school at lower rate than other youth.Complete story below. For these related stories, go to the website listed:"The Myth of the Model Minority", July 18http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2008/11/13/chineseNovember 13, 2008Discrediting the "Model Minority" StereotypeChinese Americans are not as homogeneous as they are sometimes portrayed ?br> this is particularly apparent in their college-going rates and enrollmentpatterns ?according to a new study from the Asian American Studies Programat University of Maryland at College Park and the Organization of ChineseAmericans."Some of the popular beliefs about Chinese Americans simply don"t withstandour findings, as you might expect with most stereotypes," Larry H.Shinegawa, director of the Asian American Studies Program at Maryland andco-author of the study, said in a press release.More than half ?51.7 percent ?of Chinese Americans 25 or older have earnedsome sort of college degree. This is, proportionally, nearly twice as muchas the rest of the U.S. population, 27 percent of whom have a collegedegree. In contrast, 18.5 percent of Chinese Americans have not graduatedfrom high school, compared to 15.9 percent of the general population. AmongAsian Americans, they have the second highest proportion of individualswithout a high school degree. Only Vietnamese Americans, at 27.8 percent,are less likely to graduate high school.Shinegawa said there could be any number of reasons for this disparity. Hechalks some of these figures up to generational differences among ChineseAmericans. Newer immigrants to the United States, he noted, contributegreatly to the number of individuals without high school diplomas. Moreover,he said, as immigrant families reunite, those who are more recent immigrantsmay not have the educational attainment of their relatives who immigratedearlier.Shinegawa said he expects the number of Chinese Americans with a collegedegree to decline in the future, considering the high percentage of thosewithout a high school diploma currently. Additionally, he said the collegegraduation rates for those beyond the first generation will also probablyfall as the percentages regress toward the mean of the rest of the U.S.population.The study also finds that Chinese Americans cluster at a small number ofcolleges and universities in the United States. Shinegawa said about 85percent of all Chinese Americans attend only three percent of all the highereducation institutions in the United States. While data are not availablenow on the specific institutions Chinese Americans are most likely to attend?Maryland"s Asian Studies Program plans to release a follow-up study onthis phenomenon next year ?Shinegawa said a map pinpointing theseinstitutions would have institutions almost entirely marked along thecoasts, with a few scattered throughout the rest of the country.He added that ?contributing to this phenomenon ?the children ofworking-class parents tend to attend public institutions near their homes,while children of middle-class parents tend to attend more prestigiousinstitutions that might not necessarily be near their homes.Socioeconomic status further diversifies the quality of educationalattainment. Working-class and middle-class Chinese Americans, the studyfinds, not only live in different places but send their children todifferent types of postsecondary institutions, if they do at all.Working-class Chinese Americans typically live in "ethnic enclaves" in urbanareas and are more likely to send their children to "lower-tier publiccolleges and universities." By contrast, middle-class Chinese Americans livein "suburbs and ethnoburbs" ?suburban areas with a high concentration of acertain ethnic minority ?and are more likely to send their children to"top-tier public universities and select Ivy League institutions."Lin said when looking at more prestigious institutions, first-generationChinese American are overrepresented and those within U.S.-born generationstend to be either slightly underrepresented or proportionally represented.This, he said, is probably because of "selective migration" ?the notionthat many first-generation immigrants, who have the means to immigrate, arelikely to achieve greater educational success.After Chinese Americans graduate from college, the study finds that theyearn less than non-Hispanic whites in every group of educational attainment?those who did not graduate from high school, high school graduates, thosewith some college, college graduates and advanced-degree graduates. Forexample, Chinese Americans with bachelors degrees have an average income of$55,571, while non-Hispanic Whites with the same credentials earn $62,285.The average income for those with a bachelors degree in the generalpopulation is $59,344.Additionally, Lin noted overall disparities and inequities exist for ChineseAmerican faculty members in higher education. He said Chinese Americans areoverrepresented in entry-level and pre-tenure positions ?especially whenconsidering the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics?but underrepresented in tenured and administrative positions. He said thelack of Chinese American leaders and mentors in the professional world islikely to blame for the both the ethnic group"s lower average income thannon-Hispanic whites and underrepresentation in upper-level positions inhigher educationDavid Moltz

依次是 投资银行，拯救部门、退休基金、共同基金、保险公司 。

这电压是不相称小的相对能beproduced在霍尔设备的产品的垂距。

很多人，包括我自己，一旦回到和父母相处的时候，就会进入一种模式，在父母面前永远是孩子，会用孩子的方式和父母相处，如果童年和父母建立良好的关系，那回到这种模式也是爱的滋养。 如果童年和父母相处模式是在控制与抵抗控制的模式，那一旦回到童年模式，就变成了一种伤害，而且是持续伤害，我们好像一下子又变成了那个弱小的孩子，无法抵抗，无法依靠，甚至无法跟父母平等对话，体现出一味的顺从，甚至在父母面前开始僵化。 父母也许开心了，甚至很欣慰，孩子还是听自己的话，可对孩子来说，家，成了自己想要逃离的地方。 我以前一直很讨厌回家，一方面不喜欢父母的唠叨，以为自己好的名义，来控制自己按他们的方式去生活，另一方面，父母之间相处了几十年，却连他们自己的关系都处理不好，不是冷战就是吵闹，自己到家就会变成传声筒，他们彼此不沟通，却借我的嘴来传达他们之间的诉求和期望，表达的却都是希望对方如何改变，如果能一句话就改变对方，过去几十年的相处早改变了！如何摆脱这种局面？ 是时候和父母之间来一场成年人之间的对话了！需要告诉自己，我现在是成年人了，成年人之间的相处模式，彼此是平等的，相互尊重的，就如同朋友之间，我们可以表达彼此的观点，表达自己的情绪，而不是一切都听对方的！ 尊重并感谢父母，感谢父母给了自己生命，感谢将自己抚养长大，但现在，自己长大了，有能力照顾好自己，也有能力和他们平等对话了！ 汉代以前，人们都会有个成人礼，在成人礼上，作为父母，会为年满20的子女举行一场仪式，告诉他们从此以后，就是成年人了，需要承担起成年人的责任和义务！ 现在，父母可能忘了，但我们自己可以，给自己举办一次成人礼仪式，可以是一封写给父母的信，也可以是一场与父母的平等对话！ 与父母来一场成年人的对话 （点击查看千与千寻，是如何走完这段路的） 先完成如下四个步骤，处理好心情和关系，再来谈其他事情： 1. 真诚地欣赏和感激，自己欣赏的父母的优点？感恩父母为自己做了什么？ 掌握“HAPPS”感激技巧：以感恩的心态真诚表达感激-形成习惯（Habitually） -表达真诚（Authentically） -表达及时（Promptly） -表达适度（Proportionally） -表达具体（Specifically） 2. 关注共同的利益，有哪些是对方想要而且我们也希望对方得到的，一开始可能会有些难，在表达完欣赏和感激，父母情绪较好之后来谈对方的想法和期待，对我们的想法和期待。最后再来谈谈我们对父母的想法和期待，从中找到我们共同关注的部分。 关注共同利益的标准是：a.大家有交集的兴趣、利益和价值观 。b.特别是当自己的兴趣、利益和价值观与和他们发生冲突并妨碍工作时，能服从共同的部分。就父母而言，我们都希望彼此过的更好而不是更糟，从这一点出发，所有的矛盾、冲突基本都能有合作的解决方案。 3.适度地包容父母，父母的成长环境跟我们有很大的差别，他们过去的行为模式，是为适应环境，几十年的模式下来，可能根深蒂固，但这不是他们的错，我们需要理解他们的行为，他们的动机，他们的生活理念，但也要坚定的知道，理解并不意味着完全服从，对父母，我们要做的只是适度包容，跟他们分享自己的想法、自己的近况，对他们的认可，以及深度倾听，来满足他们对于“包容”的需要。 4.信守所有约定。我们跟父母之间的信任，建立在彼此是否能够达成约定，如果有被打破的承诺，信任就需要被修复，可以和父母聊一聊彼此的失信事件，并获取对方的原谅，重新建立信任。之后要信守所有约定。 修复信任的五步法： 1. 承认错误：我错了 2.说明事实：做错了什么及原因 3. 真诚道歉：对不起 4. 做出承诺：下一次我会怎么做 5.获得原谅：请问可以接受我的道歉吗？现在我们和好了吗？ （如果没有，问问对方希望我们怎么做？）

这电压是不相称小的相对能beproduced在霍尔设备的产品的垂距.

Professor: The largest animals today don"t live on land. But in the ocean where food is easier to find, a blue whale, … well, large animals can"t easily get rid of excess body heat. But for an oceangoing whale, that"s not a problem. For a 100-ton land animal, it can be. 教授说，现在体型最大的动物生活在海里，因为海里更容易觅食，而且大型动物很难甩掉身上多余的热量，但这对鲸鱼来说不成问题，对重 100 吨的陆地动物来说就是个问题了。所以教授把蓝鲸与大型陆地动物相比较是为了说明海洋环境减少了大型动物会遇到的食物和甩掉热量的问题，所以选择 D。

以下是五把通往成功的钥匙，你感受一下，仅供参考。5 Must Read Keys to Success:1. Preparation“The secret of success in life is for a man to be ready for his opportunity when it comes.”~Benjamin DisraeliSuccess loves preparation. If the perfect opportunity presented itself today, would you be ready? It"s better to be ready and not have an opportunity, then to have an opportunity and not be ready.To succeed, you must be ready when opportunity comes. Spend your time preparing for success, when your opportunity comes, you"ll be glad you did.2. Work“Success is simply a matter of luck. Ask any failure.” ~AnonymousAll failures know that success is simply a matter of luck, they know it"s just a matter of being at the right place at the right time, they know with assurance that success is directly linked to good ole fashion chance.However, those who have succeeded know that success is directly and proportionally linked to work. Even an amazing strategy can"t guarantee success. Zig Ziglar said, “The most practical, beautiful, workable philosophy in the world won"t work – if you won"t.”You have to put in the time. However, when you put in the time, it makes success all the more sweet. When you come from “behind” and do the impossible, it makes success as sweet as a honeycomb. John H. Johnson said, “I believe the greater the handicap, the greater the triumph.”3. Remember the Golden Rule“Success is still the constant application of the Golden Rule.” ~AnonymousNever forget the golden rule, “Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.” That"s the key to success. Serve your clients as you would have them serve you. Meet their needs as you would have them meet your needs. Give them prices that you would want to pay, exceed their expectations in a way that you would want your expectations to be exceeded.When you follow the golden rule, you open the door to success.4. Confidence“Confidence is the companion of success.” ~AnonymousIf you don"t believe in your abilities, don"t be surprised if no one else does either. Your negative thoughts about yourself send a signal throughout the world that others pick up on and respond accordingly. If you"re broadcasting the station “Depression 108.7” then others will treat you like you"re depressed.But, when you believe in yourself and your potential, people pick up that signal, and they will treat you according to how they believe, you believe, you should be treated. Did you get that?5. Lead“A most important key to successful leadership is your ability to direct and challenge the very best that is in those whom you lead.” ~AnonymousTo be successful you must be a great leader. There"s probably nothing more difficult than being a great leader. It"s easy to be selfish, it"s easy to only be concerned with your needs, your wants and your desires. But to succeed you have to lead! You have to do what"s best for the people; you must bring the best out of those in whom you lead.When you really lead, you will succeed.

先后承担或参与“高层建筑结构半主动智能控振技术”、“基础隔震结构随机分析及动力可靠性研究”等50多项纵、横向科研课题。其中有近20项成果通过省、部级鉴定，并获得甘肃省科技进步一等奖一项，二等奖两项、三等奖四项，机械部教育司科技进步二等奖一项，兰州市科技进步二等奖二项，甘肃省建设科技进步一、二等奖各三项，国内外优秀论文奖14项。代表性的课题有2005年主持完成的国家自然科学基金项目“半主动智能隔震结构的多因素复合最优控制及瞬时能量响应规律研究”，2007年主持的国家自然科学基金项目“串联隔震体系的随机屈曲行为及其对动力可靠性的影响”和中美减震合作课题“结构半主动智能隔震最优控制新算法研究”。参与日本地震海啸国际防灾合作课题“利用智能材料的厚筏板结构的冲切损伤过程监测”。参与国家自然科学基金项目“工程结构生命全过程的可靠性研究”，并主持该课题的外延项目“基础隔震结构随机分析及可靠性”。主持完成与英国合作的课题“支护结构长期变形与稳定性监测技术研究”。作为技术负责人承担完成的“叠层橡胶支座隔震结构的非比例阻尼特性及工程实用分析方法研究”课题获得甘肃省科技进步一等奖。在各种学术刊物和国际学术会议上发表论文160余篇。正式出版了《基础隔震结构设计及施工指南》、《Building Children"s Schools—Transforming the Learning Environment》两部专著。 1993年被推选为首批部级跨世纪学术骨干。1995年被“国际桥梁工程及结构工程协会”（IABSE，总部位于瑞士）吸收为会员。1996年被推选为部级青年科技专家，同年担任甘肃省土木建筑学会理事。1997年起担任甘肃省地下结构学术委员会委员，1998年当选为中国振动工程学会结构控制委员会理事，同年担任为甘肃省建设科技专家委员会委员。1999年被推选为甘肃省高校跨世纪学科带头人、甘肃省“333科技人才工程”第一、第二层次人员。同年，被推选为中国基本建设优化研究会结构学术委员会常务理事，2000年3月到2005年5月，担任中国基本建设优化研究会国际学术交流部秘书长。2000年被推选为国家级核心刊物《世界地震工程》第四届编委。2001年被美国《地震工程学报》聘为审稿专家。2002年被推选为甘肃省“555创新科技人才工程”第一层次人员。2002年担任国际结构控制与监测学会（IASCM，美国）中国分委员会理事。2003年被推选为中国建筑学会结构减震控制分会理事，并被吸收为国际计算力学协会（IACM，西班牙）会员。2004年被推选为中国力学学会计算力学委员会理事，同年被推选为中国勘察设计协会抗震防灾分会理事。2005年被推选为甘肃省土木建筑学会工程抗震委员会副主任委员，兼任甘肃省土木建筑学会国际学术交流部秘书长，并被推选为国际减震学会（ASSISI，意大利）理事。2005年起担任中国国务院学位委员会学位学科评议专家。2006年当选为中国自动化学会系统仿真专业委员会理事，并获得中国土木工程学会结构隔震技术委员会理事的提名。2007年被推选为中国工程抗震与加固改造理事会理事，并当选国际华人计算力学协会理事。2008年被推选为中国振动工程学会随机振动委员会理事。专业技术特长：工程结构减震控制、结构健康监测、结构随机振动及可靠度分析，结构优化设计杜永峰近期发表的代表论文或标志成果（一）论文1）杜永峰，李慧，Spencer,Jr.,B.F.（苏磐石），赵国藩. 非比例阻尼隔震结构地震响应的实振型分解法. 工程力学，2003，20⑷： 24~32[EI] 检索号EIP035077815592）杜永峰，李慧，赵国藩. 地震作用下结构振动最优控制的一种一般算法[J]. 大连理工大学学报，2004,44⑹： 864-869.3）Du,YF,Li,H and Spencer,Jr.,B.F. Effect of Non-Proportional Damping on Seismic Isolation [J].Journal of Structural Control,2002,9⑶： 205-2364）Du,YF,Li,H and Zhao,G.F. Sequential Optimal Control for Calculating Ideal Control Force in Smart Seismic Isolated Buildings[C]. Proc.13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Vancouver,BC,Canada CD-ROM,2004:No. p-1785）Du,Y.F. and Li,H. Random Response of Smart Isolated Structures Implemented with Semi-Active Controller. In: Yao,ZH,et al. Proc. of 6th World Conference on Computational Mechanics in conjunction withAsia-Pacific Conference on Computational Mechanics ‘2004. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press & Springer-Verlag,2004: 308－315. [特邀报告]6）杜永峰，杜小妮，赵国藩. 用拉普拉斯变换方法求解非比例阻尼隔震结构. 兰州大学学报 （自然科学版）. 2000,36⑾： 40-457）杜永峰，赵国藩. 隔震结构中非经典阻尼影响及最佳阻尼比分析. 地震工程与工程振动，2000,20⑶： 100-1078）杜永峰，张恩海，李慧，吴永诚，赵国藩. 隔震结构“小震不坏”的动力可靠度分析. 地震工程与工程振动，2004,24⑸： 84-91.9）Du,Y.F.,Li,H.,Spencer,Jr.,B.F. and Zhao,G..F. Comparison of Seismic Reliability of Passive and Smart Isolated Structures under Major Earthquakes. In: Cho,Hyo-Nam,et al. Proc. of Asian-Pacific Symposium on Structural Reliability and its Application,Seoul,Korea,August,2004: 587-598.10）杜永峰，张迪，党育等. 基础隔震结构简化模型的振动参数识别. 世界地震工程，2001,17⑵： 53-58.11）杜永峰，党育，李慧，赵国藩等. 基于非比例阻尼模型的隔震结构动力分析软件. 建筑结构，2004,34⑹：32-3512）杜永峰，李慧. 地震下结构振动最优控制算法模型的比较和改进[J]. 世界地震工程，2005,21⑵： 46-5113）李慧，邓学晶，杜永峰等. 寒区叠层橡胶隔震支座拟静力试验研究. 低温建筑技术，2003，⑷： 33-3514）杜永峰，李慧，B.F. Spencer,Jr.（苏磐石）等. 隔震结构动力时程响应的一种工程实用算法. 甘肃工业大学学报，2003,29⑶： 70-75.15）李慧，杜永峰，B.F. Spencer,Jr. （苏磐石）等. 隔震结构动力时程响应工程算法的精度对比. 甘肃工业大学学报，2003,29⑷：103-10616）杜永峰，白莉，夏亚峰等. 小震下隔震结构的随机响应及失效概率分析[J]。兰州理工大学学报，2004,30⑹： 101-105.17）Du Yongfeng,Han Jianping,Di Shengkui,et al. Simplified Analysis of Dynamic Response of Non-proportionally Damped 2-DOF Isolated Structures,Journal of Gansu Univ. of Tech.,Eng. Issue，2000,E-4⑴： 76-80.18）杜永峰，狄生奎，尹维祥等. 隔震结构等代体系动力响应的小参数逼近解法.甘肃工业大学学报，2000,26⑵： 72-7719）李慧，杜永峰，屠锦敏等. 兰州市某住宅楼工程抗震方法的优化选择. 基建优化，2000,21⑵： 30-3220）李慧，杜永峰，韩建平等. 结构减震控制技术的研究进展及应用前景.见：韩丽霞.甘肃省2004年学术年会土木建筑文集。兰州：兰州大学出版社，2004：16-2121）韩建平，杜永峰，李慧等. 基于非比例阻尼特性的基础隔震结构分析与设计[J]. 工程力学，2002年增刊，Ⅱ卷： 353-356.22）李慧，姚云龙，杜永峰等. 叠层橡胶支座与柱串联体系动力失稳区间分析. 世界地震工程，2005,21⑴： 69-7323）杜永峰，李慧，吴永诚等. 结构地震振动最优控制的目标函数和稳定性 [J]. 兰州理工大学学报，2004,30⑶24）Du Yongfeng,Zhang Di,Han Jianping,et al. Numerial Study of effect of damping on non-proportionally damped base isolated structures. Proc. Int. Conference on Advances in Structural Dynamics，Elsevier Science Ltd.,Hong Kong,2000. 12: 1281-1286 [ISTP]25）Du,YF,Li,H and Spencer,BF,Jr. An Improved Maximum Response Estimation for 2-Dof Non-Proportionally Damped Isolated Structures. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Vibration Engineering,Nanjing,Sept,2002: 26-32 [ISTP]26）杜永峰，曹志峰，孙玉萍. 基于LQG/LTR方法的结构振动AMD控制Benchmark模型仿真分析。兰州理工大学学报，2005,31⑵：67-7227）杜永峰，何晴光. 安装智能摩擦阻尼器的多层建筑结构振动控制的一般算法. 兰州理工大学学报，2005,31⑵：100~103（二）近期完成或承担的主要课题1） 李慧，杜永峰，狄生奎，韩建平，宋彧，何晴光，孙玉萍. 甘肃省经贸新技术攻关基金项目：建筑结构抗震新技术研究，项目编号：JM99-05，经费来源：甘肃省经济贸易委员会，2000年2） 杜永峰，李慧，狄生奎，何晴光，韩建平，孙玉萍. 甘肃省自然科学基金项目：高层建筑结构半主动智能控振技术，项目编号：ZS021-A25-015-G，经费来源：甘肃省科学技术厅，2001年3） 杜永峰，李慧，韩建平，尚九平，党育，兰倩，金少蓉. 甘肃省建设科技基金项目：叠层橡胶支座隔震结构体系构造研究，项目编号：JK2001-06-K2，经费来源：甘肃省建设厅，2002年4） 党育，杜永峰，李慧，狄生奎，宋彧，孙玉萍. MR阻尼器智能控振结构随机分析与控制策略研究，高层建筑结构半主动智能控振技术，项目编号：ZS032-B25-00-G，经费来源：甘肃省科学技术厅，2003年5） 韩建平，李慧，宋彧，孙玉萍. 省自然科学基金：高层建筑消能减震技术应用研究，项目编号：ZS011-A25-018-G，经费来源：甘肃省科学技术厅，2001年6） 杜永峰，李慧，程选生，狄生奎，李喜梅. 甘肃省建设科技攻关项目：建筑结构健康智能监测技术研究，项目编号：JK2002-7，经费来源：甘肃省建设厅，2002年7） 杜永峰，李慧，党育，韩建平，兰倩，何晴光，Spencer. 甘肃省建设科技攻关项目：智能阻尼隔震及其在生命线工程结构中的应用，项目编号：JK2004-8，经费来源：甘肃省建设厅，2004年8） 李慧，杜永峰，张华英，兰倩，狄生奎，程选生. 甘肃省建设科技攻关项目：叠层橡胶隔震支座与柱串联系统的随机稳定性及P―Δ效应分析，项目编号：JK2004-18，经费来源：甘肃省建设厅，2004年（三）近期获奖的项目1） 李慧，杜永峰，党星海，韩建平，狄生奎，程选生，宋彧，李庆福，项长生，杨文侠，张贵文，周茗如. 叠层橡胶支座隔震结构的非比例阻尼特性及工程实用分析方法研究，甘肃省科技进步一等奖，甘肃省科学技术奖励委员会，2005年2） 李慧，杜永峰，狄生奎，宋彧，周茗如，孙玉萍. 叠层橡胶支座隔震体系应用技术研究，甘肃省科技进步二等奖，甘肃省科学技术奖励委员会，2001年3） 李慧，韩建平，党育，杜永峰，狄生奎，宋彧，孙玉萍. 基础隔震结构动力分析与设计软件，甘肃省科技进步三等奖，甘肃省科学技术奖励委员会，2003年4） 杜永峰，李慧，狄生奎，宋彧，周茗如，孙玉萍. 箱形基础优化设计及结果图示,甘肃省科技进步二等奖，甘肃省科学技术奖励委员会，2000年5） 杜永峰，李慧，韩建平，党育，孙玉萍. 田家炳教育书院工程隔震设计与施工技术，甘肃省建设科技进步一等奖，甘肃省建设厅，2002年6） 党星海，韩建平，狄生奎，程选生，宋 彧，李庆福，项长生，杨文侠，张贵文，周茗如。叠层橡胶支座隔震结构的非比例阻尼特性及工程实用分析方法研究，甘肃省科技进步一等奖，甘肃省科学技术奖励委员会，2005年7） 杜永峰，李慧，不规则片筏基础与结构相互作用及其优化设计，甘肃省建设科技进步二等奖，2003年8） 李慧，杜永峰，狄生奎，兰倩，项长生，李庆福，宋彧，邓辉，张举涛，党星海，程选生，罗维刚。高层建筑厚板筏式基础设计研究，甘肃省科技进步二等奖，甘肃省科学技术奖励委员会，2008年（四）在国内外学术会议担任分会主席或特邀报告1） 中国建筑学会首届全国防震减灾会议，分会主席，广州，2003年11月2） 第三届中国-日本-韩国结构与机械系统优化学术会议（3rd China-Japan-Korea conference on Optimization of Structural and Mechanical System， 日本金泽，2004年11月，分会主席3） Du,Y.F. and Li,H. Random Response of Smart Isolated Structures Implemented with Semi-Active Controller. In: Yao,ZH,et al. Proc. of 6th World Conference on Computational Mechanics in conjunction withAsia-Pacific Conference on Computational Mechanics ‘2004. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press & Springer-Verlag,2004: 308－315.第六届国际计算力学暨亚太计算力学会议，北京，2004年8月，分会特邀报告4）. 9th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts,Fuzhou & Xiamen，第九届国际结构工程青年专家研讨会，福州与厦门，2006年8月，分会主席5）. International Conference on Earthquake Engineering Commemorating the1908 Messina and Reggio Calabria Earthquake，纪念梅瑟纳-雷焦大地震100周年国际地震工程会议，意大利雷焦，2008年7月，两个分会主席，一次分会特邀报告6）. 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Beijing，第14届世界地震工程大会，北京，2008年10月，分会主席7）. 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts,Changsha，第十届国际结构工程青年专家研讨会，长沙，2008年10月，分会主席

你是要娃娃的介绍还是对BJD整体的介绍？

文章的结论和总结部分是研究人员对结果的简要解释，将研究成果与引言中所述的假设或研究问题直接联系起来。通常，结论和总结的撰写用过去时态和现在时态这两种。过去时态的使用过去时可以用来表示研究的目的，简要地描述研究方法，强调研究结果并加以解释，它也可以用来描述研究的局限性。下面是一些例子，展示了在描述结论时过去时的用法。In this study, we concentrated on showing how variable ‘x" causes a change in variable ‘y".在这项研究中，我们集中展示了变量“x”如何引起变量“y”的变化。We hypothesized that the variable ‘z" will significantly impact ‘abc".我们假设变量“z”将显著影响“abc”。We extracted ‘pqr" from ‘lmn" using the protocol defined by ‘efg".我们按照“efg”给定的协议从“lmn”中提取了“pqr”。Following this study, we concluded that value of ‘x" proportionally increases as the value of ‘y" decreases. 根据这项研究，我们得出结论，“x”的值随着“y”值的减小而成比例地增加。We finally obtained a curve that depicted the dependence of ‘x" on ‘y".我们最终得到了一条曲线，描绘了“x”对“y”的依赖性。现在时的用法现在时态可以用来报告真实的发现，此外它还可以用来表达研究所支持的结论和含义。下面是一些例子，展示了现在时在描述结论时的用法。The parameter ‘abc" increased as the nutritional value of ‘xyz" was increased. These results suggest that foods higher in ‘pqr" will contribute to a greater gain in weight.随着“xyz”营养价值的增加，参数“abc”也随之增加。这些结果表明，高“pqr”含量的食物有助于增加体重。The results obtained show excellent agreement between ‘x" and ‘y".所得结果表明“x”和“y”之间有很好的一致性。通常建议使用动词形式来表示可能的影响，如“is possible”、“is likely”、“appears”、“seems”和“might”。这些动词都使用现在时态，描述研究产生的结果。一些常见的现在时结构包括“应注意（it should be noted）”、“建议（is recommended）”或“希望（it is hoped）”。将来时的用法在某些情况下，作者可能希望讨论这项工作的前景或后续实验，这时应该使用将来时态。比如以下例子：In a follow-up experiment, the authors will study ‘xyz".在后续实验中，作者将研究“xyz”。The effect of pH and temperature will be the objective of future research.pH值和温度的影响将是未来研究的目标。总而言之，作者需要根据结论部分需要传达的信息使用恰当的时态。

Directions: Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Blacken the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen on the Answer Sheet.Before the 20th century the horse provided day to day transportation in the United States. Trains were used only for long-distance transportation. Today the car is the most popular 21 of transportation in all of the U.S. It has completely 22 the horse as a means of everyday transportation. American use their car for 23 90 per cent of all personal 24 . Most Americans are able to 25 cars. The average price of a 26 made car was $ 2, 050 in 1950, $ 2, 740 in 1960 and up to $ 4, 750 27 1975. During this period American car manufacturers set about 28 their products and work efficiency. As a result, the yearly income of the 29 family increased from 1950 to 1975 30 than the price of cars. For this reason 31 a new car takes a smaller 32 of a family"s total earnings today. In 1951 33 it took 8.1 months of an average family"s 34 to buy a new car. In 1962 a new car 35 8.3 of a family"s annual earnings. By 1975 it only took 4.75 36 income. In addition, the 1975 cars were technically 37 to models from previous years. The 38 of the automobile extends throughout the economy 39 the car is so important to Americans. Americans spend more money to 40 their cars running than on any other item.21. A. kinds B. sort C. means D. types 22. A. denied B. reproduced C. replaced D. ridiculed 23. A. hardly; B. nearly C. certainly D. somehow 24. A. trips B. work C. business D. travels 25. A. buy B. sell C. race D. see 26. A. quickly B. rapidly C. regularly D. recently 27. A. on B. in C. behind D. about 28. A. raising B. making C. reducing D. improving 29. A. unusual B. interested C. average D. biggest 30. A. slowest B. equal C. faster D. less 31. A. bringing B. obtaining C. bought D. purchasing 32. A. part B. half C. number D. side 33. A. clearly B. proportionally C. percentage D. suddenly 34. A. income B. work C. plans D. debts 35. A. used B. spent C. cost D. needed 36. A. months" B. dollar"s C. family D. year 37. A. famous B. superior C. fastest D. inferior 38. A. running B. notice C. influence D. discussion 39. A. then B. as C. so D. which 40. A. start B. leave C. keep D. repair 21-25.BCBAA 26-30.DBDCC 31-35.DABAC 36-40.ABCBC

*** increase proportionally **** have a proportional increasing 都可以。如果要说明是与某某东西成比例增长。那就可以在后面加个TO *** increase proportionally to ... **** have a proportional increasing to .....

Jeonse tenants are taking a short position in the housing market in some sense. Jeonse involves the tenant giving the landlord a large sum of " key money " when a lease is signed. However, there is a certain level of risks of which the tenants shall be aware for leasing an apartment by Jeonse . When the apartment price goes down the amount of Jeonse deposit goes down proportionally, although this may not always be the case. Depending on the area, " jeonse " prices can range as much as 80 % of the home"s sale price. The expensive Gangnam area"s " jeonse " is about 30 % of the sales price because those properties are so expensive. As Jeonse tenants are not obpgated to pay any monthly rent, it may lead them to bepeve that Jeonse is a great deal in all aspects. As Jeonse tenants are not obpgated to pay any monthly rent, it may lead them to bepeve that Jeonse is a great deal in all aspects. It is a mon practice that Jeonse tenants have the deposit ready by taking a loan from a bank due to the sheer amount of the deposit. Since the " jeonse " price reflects the actual demand of people who reside in the area, the gap beeen rental deposits for " jeonse " and the apartment sales price means there might be an economic bubble in the apartment price. It"s difficult to see jeonse in a sentence. 用 jeonse 造句挺难的 Since the " jeonse " price reflects the actual demand of people who reside in the area, the gap beeen rental deposits for " jeonse " and the apartment sales price means there might be an economic bubble in the apartment price. This unique way of renting a house is called " jeonse "; a renter makes a lump-sum deposit on a rental space instead of paying monthly rent, at anywhere from 50 to 100 % of the market value, and gets back the whole deposit when the rent contract ends.

乔布斯斯坦福大学演讲英文原文： Stanford Report, June 14, 2005‘You"ve got to find what you love," Jobs saysThis is the text of the Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005.I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I"ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That"s it. No big deal. Just three stories.The first story is about connecting the dots.I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: “We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?” They said: “Of course.” My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents" savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn"t see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn"t interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.It wasn"t all romantic. I didn"t have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends" rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5?? deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn"t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can"t capture, and I found it fascinating.None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.Again, you can"t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.My second story is about love and loss.I was lucky - I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation - the Macintosh - a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.I really didn"t know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me - I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over. I didn"t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I retuned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple"s current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.I"m pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn"t been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don"t lose faith. I"m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You"ve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven"t found it yet, keep looking. Don"t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you"ll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don"t settle.My third story is about death. When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: “If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you"ll most certainly be right.” It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: “If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?” And whenever the answer has been “No” for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.Remembering that I"ll be dead soon is the most important tool I"ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything - all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn"t even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor"s code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you"d have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes. I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I"m fine now.This was the closest I"ve been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don"t want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life"s change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.Your time is limited, so don"t waste it living someone else"s life. Don"t be trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other people"s thinking. Don"t let the noise of other"s opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960"s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.Thank you all very much.

15分想找人帮你做作业,不知道怎么想的.这种语气我是不会帮想的.交不了活该.

Remembering that I"ll be dead soon is the most important tool I"ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life.

In summary, it seems impossible that for every person that is subjected to media scrutiny, his or her reputation will eventually be diminished. Millions of people are mentioned in the media every day yet still manage to go about their lives unhurt by the media. Normal individuals that are subjected to media scrutiny can have their reputation either enhanced or damaged depending on the circumstances surrounding the media coverage. The likelihood of a diminished reputation from the media rises proportionally with the level of notoriety that an individual possesses and the outrageousness of that person"s behavior. The length of time in the spotlight can also be a determining factor, as the longer the person is examined in the media, the greater the possibility that damaging information will be discovered or that the individual will do something to disparage his or her reputation. But to broadly state that media scrutiny will diminish anyone"s reputation is to overstate the distinct possibility that, given a long enough time and a certain level of intensity of coverage, the media may damage a person"s reputation.

详见ASTM A105Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 70 000 [485]Yield strength, min, psi [MPa]B 36 000 [250]Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %:Basic minimum elongation for walls 5u204416 in. [7.9 mm]and over in thickness, strip tests.30When standard round 2-in. or 50-mm gage length orsmaller proportionally sized specimen with the gagelength equal to 4D is used22For strip tests, a deduction for each 1u204432-in. [0.8-mm]decrease in wall thickness below 5u204416 in. [7.9 mm]from the basic minimum elongationof the percentage points of Table 31.50CReduction of area, min, %D 30Hardness, HB, max 187

arcmap这样把四个地图放到一个layout里。1、在ArcMap中把地图加载进来。2、在菜单栏。按照提示依次点击View、LayoutView进入布局视图。3、在菜单栏。按照提示依次点击File、PageandPrintSetup。在弹出的PageandPrintSetup对话框中。勾选ScaleMapElementsproportionallytochangesinPageSize。数据框自动调整到页面大小。4、在数据框内右击数据。选择FullExtent。数据调整到完整的范围。5、在菜单栏。按照提示点击ExportMap。根据需要选择输出的位置和格式。6、在画图中打开该文件即可。

【 #英语资源# 导语】励志，便是让一个人重新焕发起这种力量。励志，并不是让弱者取代另一个人成为强者，而是让一个弱者能与强者比肩，拥有实力相当的生命力和创造力。惟有从内心深处展开的力量，用心灵体验总结出的精华，才是一个人真正获得尊严和自信的途径。以下是 为大家整理的大学生励志英语演讲稿【三篇】，欢迎阅读参考。 【篇一】大学生励志英语演讲稿 　　Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. The issue of the Yellow River has become the biggest concern of members of the Chinese peoples Political Consultative Conference. My childhood, in fact, is closely associated with the river. My father is an engineering geologist, and he used to take me with him on his trips to the hydropower stations on the river. I enjoyed those trips, especially the trip to Longyang Xia reservoir. Although ten years have passed since my visit, I can still recall the scenery; I can still recall the water I saw at the reservoir. It was pure, clean and blue, not like the water I saw in the middle reaches of the river, which had turned brown and muddy after passing through the Loess Plateau. 　　Once during our stay at the power station, we were caught in a thunderstorm. And when rain stopped, I could see trickles of water rolling down mountain slopes and flowing into the reservoir. It carried little mud or sand, because at that time, trees and grass still grew around the reservoir. And they protected the soil. At Longyang Xia I was struck by the beauty of nature, and as a child I wanted to stay there and to grow up with our Yellow River. 　　Li Bai, the Tang Dynasty poet, said praises to the flowing water in the Yellow River. He saw it as coming down from heaven and nurturing the people along her way to the sea. However, in 1997,for 330days, not a single drop of water from the Yellow River went into the sea. And droughts are not the only punishment by nature. A friend of my father"s, a university professor, is doing research on the Yellow River. According to this professor, the Yellow River will soon change its course if we allow this situation to continue. Because there is no longer enough water to carry away the silt and mud in the lower reaches of the river and the riverbed rises higher and higher each year. 　　We have taken too much from nature, but given back too little in return. And this is the cost of the unbalanced growth. If we had taken care of the vegetation in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, we would still experience the river as Li Bai described it. 　　While the developed countries are consuming proportionally more natural resources than the rest of the world, they"ve also taken some good measures in protecting nature. And as a developing country, China can learn from them in this aspect. 　　Last year, when I was visiting Australia with a group of Chinese students who had won prizes in an English Skills Test, our Australian hosts invited us to join them for a horse-ride in the mountains. After two hours on horseback, we reached a valley, where there was a most beautiful meadow, with flowers in all colors dotted on a huge blanket of green. When I began to praise the beauty of nature, my friends told me that in this valley, there used to be a big mine and the wastewater from the mine turned everything brown. When the mine was abandoned, people made great efforts to restore the green vegetation. They also used the latest biological technology choosing the best grass seeds suitable for the local soil. So the beautiful meadow is a result of commitment, hard work, and new technology. 　　What happened to this valley in Australia should also happen to our Yellow River and, in fact, it is happening. I have seen farmers planting trees on mountains along the Yellow River. I have seen them climb the mountain tops with seedlings on their shoulders because they had no machinery. I have seen them pour on trees the water they had carried up in buckets from miles down the valley. These farmers are quietly nourishing our Yellow River, just as the river has nourished them. 　　And these farmers, men and women I don"t know, gave me the confidence that we and our Yellow River will grow together, and someday in the future, we will be able to drink the clean water from our Yellow River again, because she is our dearest mother. 　　Thank you 【篇二】大学生励志英语演讲稿 　　Today"s speech I want to talk to my classmates about a few stories, these stories are in our side, but we have never noticed, thinking. 　　One night last semester, go alone to five teaching self - study. Fatigue to his eyes faint, faint yellow light trance to see a little boy shuttle between tables and chairs, those hands links to pick up the garbage in the table bucket. Looking back, his mother is holding a large woven bag, came and took the garbage. Mother and son of the shadow under the irradiation of a group of lights appear very long, repeated, fade out of the classroom. I just looked at, what seems to be thinking, so for a long time. 　　A small thing in life study, let me look at yourself again. His little bad habits, bring others? Shouldn"t we be good young people who love school and life? How can we indulge in the erosion of negative energy on us? I have asked a few students, how don"t you remember to take away the garbage generated by self-study in class? Most students are vacant answer, not someone to accept? 　　Some of our own little habits, little laziness. Slowly become entrenched negative energy, we didn"t even notice, slowly accustomed to. Our youth, we are young, but ignorance is not synonymous with youth and youth. 　　Classmate, don"t know if you have ever met this kind of situation, one night, you are going to carry a bag to the library to study, is shouting to let the dormitory of several other elder brothers go with you, at that time, a classmate said: " oh, boy, the sun came out to the west, you should go to the library, don"t pack! " you hesitated, thinking about next week"s exam, or thinking about to go to the library self-study make-up class, so, you are going to go, then another voice rang:" hurry up to open the computer, hero league open a black shop sent a person ah, how can you do without! " at this time, you silently put down the bag, opened the computer, just study the idea of abrupt was left behind ... 　　The word " positive energy" students are familiar with, its network meaning refers to all give people up, give people hope and pursuit, make people action motivation and feelings. As a contemporary college student, I think we should be a positive energy person, at the same time, also should make friends with positive energy, in each other"s communication, let positive energy together into a larger upward force, so that college life more positive. " true, good, beautiful" has always been as a synonym for positive energy, specific to college life, positive energy also covers a lot of meaning: for example, pay attention to social welfare undertakings, to participate in social practice, let love transfer, so that their lives are sublimated; In the face of setbacks and life is not the best, to be able to persevere, with a positive attitude to face; In the study, be able to persevere, hard work, perseverance; Be a responsible person, able to understand their responsibilities, parents" expectations and social expectations. My classmates, my story is not over yet. 【篇三】大学生励志英语演讲稿 　　We, leaving ignorance ushered in our youth. Youth, let us unbridled, relaxed, appreciate the wind that freedom, feel the cloud that comfortable, because youth gives us the peak of life, we do not need to mature, we are no longer ignorant, we only persistent. Positive energy in youth. Strong energy helps me to support a firm belief, so that I am full of confidence in a challenging tomorrow. 　　Life is the pursuit of ideal, ideal is the indicator of life, lost the role of the lamp, will lose the courage of life. Therefore, only by adhering to the lofty ideals of life, will not be lost in the sea of life. Tolstoy will be the ideal of life is divided into a lifetime of ideal, the ideal of a stage, the ideal of a year, the ideal of a month, even the ideal of a day, an hour, a minute. When you hear this, students, do you think of your ideal? 　　Whose youth is not sad? Whose youth never want to give up? Who"s youth without setbacks and difficulties? But, I no longer fear, I know there will be a kind of positive energy in my side, like hot sunshine warm my heart, take me to a better tomorrow. And I, will also become the positive energy of others, do my best to encourage and warm like I once helpless people. 　　The flower season of life is the spring of life, it is beautiful, but short. As a college student should be in this period, study hard, work hard, find a piece of their own sky. Youth is the hope of the motherland, the future of the nation. Everyone governs his own tomorrow. 　　One philosopher said, " the dream has gone many ways, wake up or in bed. " it vividly tells us a truth: people can"t lie in the dream of ideal life. Yes, people not only want to have an ideal, but also bold fantasy, but also want to work hard to do, lying in the ideal waiting for a new start, if not only in the distant future, even have will lose. Students, are you also wandering in the dream of ideal? 　　Predecessors said well, " aspiring people set long ambition, no ambition people often aspire to", those who have no ambition " ambition", is a dream, is the so-called " ideal", they put their blueprint structure painted again beautiful, perfect, also is just a castle in the air, mirage. Students, are you a man of long ambition, or often determined? In the green years, whenever I am sad and confused, wandering helpless, there are always some people or things to encourage me, sending out a positive light warm me. 　　Be a person with positive energy, let oneself have the power to move forward. Positive energy is a powerful energy, it is bound to include a positive driving force, only in this way can make your studies, career, quality of life, etc. progress. No power is a terrible thing, just like a car without gasoline, rockets without fuel, plants no longer absorb sunlight, you will only chaos to every day, do the same thing, to this point naturally do what to do, there is no big goal and ideal. Isn"t this terrible enough? Are you willing to silence like a pool of stagnant water standing still, also don"t want to more power to meet the daily sun add energy? Of course not. when you have positive energy, you will naturally take your steps and be motivated to move to a new starting point.

U6 sectionA earthquake n. 地震 detect vt. 察觉，发现；探测 hen n. 母鸡 pigeon n. 鸽子 experimental a. 实验的，用作实验的，根据实验的 radon n. 氡（一种由镭的衰变而产生的放射性气态元素） wax vi. 变大，增强 n. 蜡 destruction n. 破坏，摧毁 withstand vt. 经受，承受，顶住 weld vt. 焊接 joint n. 1.接头，接缝，接合处 2.关节 a. 共有的，联合的 architect n. 建筑师，设计师 column n. 1.圆柱，石柱，碑 2.(印刷品每页上的)列，栏 horizontal a. 与地平线平行的，平的，水平的 beam n. 1.梁，横梁 2.光束，射束 vi. 1.愉快地微笑 2.发光，发热 vt. 播送(消息、电视节目等) vertical a. 垂直的，竖的，立式的 pillar n. 1.柱子，柱状物 2.有力的支持者；栋梁 rod n. （木质或金属）杆，竿 enclose vt. 1.围住，包住 2.把……装入信封，附寄 besides prep. 除... ...之外（还有） ad. 而且，此外 cupboard n. 食橱，橱柜 cabinet n. 1.橱柜，陈列柜 2.内阁 fasten vt. 使牢固，使固定 gallon n. (容量单位)加仑 bacterium n. 细菌；病菌 receiver n. 1.收音机，收报机，接受器 2.电话听筒 battery n. 1.电池 2.一套，一组 spade n. 铲子，锹 rope n. 绳，索 vt. 用绳捆或扎 extinguish vt. 1.使熄灭，扑灭 2.使(希望、爱情、感情等)破灭 extinguisher n. 灭火器 handy a. 1.手边的，近便的 2.有用的，方便的 auxiliary a. 辅助的，补助的，附加的 portable n. 轻便的，便携的，手提式的 boot n. 靴子 fragment n. 碎片，碎块，断片 v. （使）成碎片 chaos n. 混乱，无秩序 sensible a. 明智的，合情理的 crust n. 1.外壳；硬的表面 2.面包皮；糕饼等的酥皮 accuracy n. 精确（性），准确（性） occurrence n. 1.发生的事情，事件 2.发生，出现 resistant a. 抵抗的，对抗的 precaution n. 预防，预防措施 sectionB perception n. 1.感知，感觉，知觉 2.认识，观点，看法 accordance n. 一致，和谐 duration n. 持续，持续期间 rotate v. 1.（使）旋转，（使）转动 2.（使）轮流 circular a. 圆形的，圆的 hydrogen n. 氢 nitrogen n. 氮 sphere n. 1.球形，球体 2.范围，领域 primitive a. 1.原始的，早期的 2.简陋的，粗糙的 shell n. 1.壳，贝壳 2.炮弹 vt. 剥... ...的壳 insect n. 昆虫，虫 dinosaur n. 恐龙 mammal n. 哺乳动物 flourish vi. 茂盛，繁荣，兴旺 vt. 挥舞 evolution n. 1.进化 2.演变，发展 manual a. 手工制作的，人工的 n. 操作手册，指南 ore n. 矿石，矿砂 tractor n. 拖拉机 fertilizer n. 肥料，化肥 location n. 1.地点，位置 2.（电影的）外景拍摄地 proportional a. 与... ...成比例的 proportionally ad. 与... ...成比例地 restraint n. 1.克制，抑制，约束 2.限制因素，约束措施 fraction n. 小部分，片段 renew vt. 1.更新，补充 2.注入新的生命和精力，使恢复 3.延长期效 petroleum n. 石油 manufacture vt. 1.（大量）制造，加工 2.编造 petrol n. 汽油 oppose vt. 反对，反抗 accelerate v. 加速，促进 particle n. 粒子，微粒 collective a. 集体的，共同的 n. 集体，团体 exceed vt. 超过，胜过，越出 protective a. 保护的，防护的 remote a. 1.遥远的，偏僻的 2.关系疏远的，脱离的，与……没有联系的 3.绝少的，微乎其微的 ancestor n. 1.祖先，祖宗，先人 2.雏形，原型 retain vt. 保留，保存 shortage n. 缺乏，不足 threat n. 1.构成威胁的人或事物 2.威胁，恐吓 3.凶兆，征兆 empire n. 1.帝国 2.（由一个人、一个家族或集团控制的）大企业 abuse vt. 1.滥用，妄用 2.虐待，凌辱 n. 1.滥用，妄用 2.虐待 ignorant a. 1.不知道的 2.愚昧的，无知的 mankind n. 人类

Transcript of Commencement Speech at Stanford given by Steve JobsSlashDot ^ | 6/14/2005 | Steve JobsThank you. I"m honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. Truth be told, I never graduated from college and this is the closest I"ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That"s it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots. I dropped out of Reed College after the first six months but then stayed around as a drop-in for another eighteen months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife, except that when I popped out, they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking, "We"ve got an unexpected baby boy. Do you want him?" They said, "Of course." My biological mother found out later that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would go to college. This was the start in my life. And seventeen years later, I did go to college, but I na07vely chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents" savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn"t see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life, and no idea of how college was going to help me figure it out, and here I was, spending all the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back, it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out, I could stop taking the required classes that didn"t interest me and begin dropping in on the ones that looked far more interesting. It wasn"t all romantic. I didn"t have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends" rooms. I returned Coke bottles for the five-cent deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the seven miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example. Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer was beautifully hand-calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn"t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and sans-serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can"t capture, and I found it fascinating. None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me, and we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts, and since Windows just copied the Mac, it"s likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on that calligraphy class and personals computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college, but it was very, very clear looking backwards 10 years later. Again, you can"t connect the dots looking forward. You can only connect them looking backwards, so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something--your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever--because believing that the dots will connect down the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart, even when it leads you off the well-worn path, and that will make all the difference.

Thank you. I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. Truth be told, I never graduated from college. And this is the closest I"ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That"s it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots.I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said: "Of course." My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents" savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn"t see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn"t interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn"t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can"t capture, and I found it fascinating.None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

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If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you"ll most certainly be right. This is the text of the Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005. I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I"ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That"s it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots. I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said: "Of course." My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college. And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents" savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn"t see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn"t interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting. It wasn"t all romantic. I didn"t have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends" rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5?? deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example: Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn"t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can"t capture, and I found it fascinating. None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later. Again, you can"t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life. My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky — I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation — the Macintosh — a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating. I really didn"t know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over. I didn"t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life. During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple"s current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.

　　是不是马上要上英语课了，要作英语的即兴演讲呢？下面是我为你整理的几篇，希望能帮到你哟。 　　篇一 　　Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. The issue of the Yellow River has bee the biggest concern of members of the Chinese peoples Political Consultative Conference. My childhood, in fact, is closely associated with the river. My father is an engineering geologist, and he used to take me with him on his trips to the hydropower stations on the river. I enjoyed those trips, especially the trip to Longyang Xia reservoir. Although ten years have passed since my visit, I can still recall the scenery; I can still recall the water I saw at the reservoir. It was pure, clean and blue, not like the water I saw in the middle reaches of the river, which had turned brown and muddy after passing through the Loess Plateau. 　　Once during our stay at the power station, we were caught in a thunderstorm. And when rain stopped, I could see trickles of water rolling down mountain slopes and flowing into the reservoir. It carried little mud or sand, because at that time, trees and grass still grew around the reservoir. And they protected the soil. At Longyang Xia I was struck by the beauty of nature, and as a child I wanted to stay there and to grow up with our Yellow River. 　　Li Bai, the Tang Dynasty poet, said praises to the flowing water in the Yellow River. He saw it as ing down from heaven and nurturing the people along her way to the sea. However, in 1997,for 330days, not a single drop of water from the Yellow River went into the sea. And droughts are not the only punishment by nature. A friend of my father"s, a university professor, is doing research on the Yellow River. According to this professor, the Yellow River will soon change its course if we allow this situation to continue. Because there is no longer enough water to carry away the silt and mud in the lower reaches of the river and the riverbed rises higher and higher each year. 　　We have taken too much from nature, but given back too little in return. And this is the cost of the unbalanced growth. If we had taken care of the vegetation in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, we would still experience the river as Li Bai described it. 　　While the developed countries are consuming proportionally more natural resources than the rest of the world, they"ve also taken some good measures in protecting nature. And as a developing country, China can learn from them in this aspect. 　　Last year, when I was visiting Australia with a group of Chinese students who had won prizes in an English Skills Test, our Australian hosts invited us to join them for a horse-ride in the mountains. After two hours on horseback, we reached a valley, where there was a most beautiful meadow, with flowers in all colors dotted on a huge blanket of green. When I began to praise the beauty of nature, my friends told me that in this valley, there used to be a big mine and the wastewater from the mine turned everything brown. When the mine was abandoned, people made great efforts to restore the green vegetation. They also used the latest biological technology choosing the best grass seeds suitable for the local soil. So the beautiful meadow is a result of mitment, hard work, and new technology. 　　What happened to this valley in Australia should also happen to our Yellow River and, in fact, it is happening. I have seen farmers planting trees on mountains along the Yellow River. I have seen them climb the mountain tops with seedlings on their shoulders because they had no machinery. I have seen them pour on trees the water they had carried up in buckets from miles down the valley. These farmers are quietly nourishing our Yellow River, just as the river has nourished them. 　　And these farmers, men and women I don"t know, gave me the confidence that we and our Yellow River will grow together, and someday in the future, we will be able to drink the clean water from our Yellow River again, because she is our dearest mother. 　　Thank you. 　　篇二 　　Dream 　　Hi everybody. 　　I am so glad to give my speech to you here.Now I will start my topic about The Dream English,as you know ,The Dream English plans to put our dream e true。When I was a little boy ,I was so curious about english as long as I heard someone speak english around me,so I am very interested in english.Thank for The Dream English,I have a chance to learn more about english which is about life and study. In my opinion,english is not only a language but also a study.It contains much useful knowledge and life experience,if we all try our best to learn about it,such as its background and its history,we can regard it as a tool to make contribution to ourselves and our country. 　　That"s all my speech,thank you. 　　篇三 　　I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, it is victory. Victory at all costs—victory in spite of all terrors—victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival. Let that be realized, no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that British Empire has stood for , no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall more forward toward his goal. I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, “e then, let us go forward together with our united strength.” 　　

写日记，每天都写，记录自已人生的一分一秒，然后过蚁段时间再看，你会发现自己得到了什么，又失去了什么。

音频我有

http://tieba.baidu.com/p/1235919803

我有一个梦想今天，我高兴的同大家一起参加这次将成为我国历史上为争取自由而举行的最伟大的示威集会。 100年前，一位伟大的美国人签署了解放黑奴宣言，今天我们就是在他的雕像前集会。这一庄严宣言犹如灯塔的光芒，给千百万在那摧残生命的不义之火中饱受煎熬的黑奴带来了希望。它之到来犹如欢乐的黎明，结束了束缚黑人的漫漫长夜。然而100年后的今天，我们必须正视黑人还没有得到自由这一悲惨的事实。100年后的今天，在种族隔离的镣铐和种族歧视的枷锁下，黑人的生活备受压榨。100年后的今天，黑人仍生活在物质充裕的海洋中一个穷困的孤岛上。100年后的今天，黑人仍然萎缩在美国社会的角落里，并且意识到自己是故土家园中的流亡者。今天我们在这里集会，就是要把这种骇人听闻的情况公诸于世。就某种意义而言，今天我们是为了要求兑现诺言而汇集到我们国家的首都来的。我们共和国的缔造者草拟宪法和独立宣言的气壮山河的词句时，曾向每一个美国人许下了诺言，他们承诺给予所有的人以生存、自由和追求幸福的不可剥夺的权利。就有色公民而论，美国显然没有实践她的诺言。美国没有履行这项神圣的义务，只是给黑人开了一张空头支票，支票上盖着“资金不足”的戳子后便退了回来。但是我们不相信正义的银行已经破产，我们不相信，在这个国家巨大的机会之库里已没有足够的储备。因此今天我们要求将支票兑现——这张支票将给予我们宝贵的自由和正义保障。我们来到这个圣地也是为了提醒美国，现在是非常急迫的时刻。现在决非侈谈冷静下来或服用渐进主义的镇静剂的时候。现在是实现民主的诺言时候。现在是从种族隔离的荒凉阴暗的深谷攀登种族平等的光明大道的时候，现在是向上帝所有的儿女开放机会之门的时候，现在是把我们的国家从种族不平等的流沙中拯救出来，置于兄弟情谊的磐石上的时候。如果美国忽视时间的迫切性和低估黑人的决心，那么，这对美国来说，将是致命伤。自由和平等的爽朗秋天如不到来，黑人义愤填膺的酷暑就不会过去。1963年并不意味着斗争的结束，而是开始。有人希望，黑人只要撒撒气就会满足；如果国家安之若素，毫无反应，这些人必会大失所望的。黑人得不到公民的基本权利，美国就不可能有安宁或平静，正义的光明的一天不到来，叛乱的旋风就将继续动摇这个国家的基础。但是对于等候在正义之宫门口的心急如焚的人们，有些话我是必须说的。在争取合法地位的过程中，我们不要采取错误的做法。我们不要为了满足对自由的渴望而抱着敌对和仇恨之杯痛饮。我们斗争时必须永远举止得体，纪律严明。我们不能容许我们的具有崭新内容的抗议蜕变为暴力行动。我们要不断地升华到以精神力量对付物质力量的崇高境界中去。现在黑人社会充满着了不起的新的战斗精神，但是不能因此而不信任所有的白人。因为我们的许多白人兄弟已经认识到，他们的命运与我们的命运是紧密相连的，他们今天参加游行集会就是明证。他们的自由与我们的自由是息息相关的。我们不能单独行动。当我们行动时，我们必须保证向前进。我们不能倒退。现在有人问热心民权运动的人，“你们什么时候才能满足？”只要黑人仍然遭受警察难以形容的野蛮迫害，我们就绝不会满足。只要我们在外奔波而疲乏的身躯不能在公路旁的汽车旅馆和城里的旅馆找到住宿之所，我们就绝不会满足。只要黑人的基本活动范围只是从少数民族聚居的小贫民区转移到大贫民区，我们就绝不会满足。只要我们的孩子被“仅限白人”的标语剥夺自我和尊严，我们就绝不会满足。只要密西西比州仍然有一个黑人不能参加选举，只要纽约有一个黑人认为他投票无济于事，我们就绝不会满足。不！我们现在并不满足，我们将来也不满足，除非正义和公正犹如江海之波涛，汹涌澎湃，滚滚而来。我并非没有注意到，参加今天集会的人中，有些受尽苦难和折磨，有些刚刚走出窄小的牢房，有些由于寻求自由，曾在居住地惨遭疯狂迫害的打击，并在警察暴行的旋风中摇摇欲坠。你们是人为痛苦的长期受难者。坚持下去吧，要坚决相信，忍受不应得的痛苦是一种赎罪。让我们回到密西西比去，回到亚拉巴马去，回到南卡罗来纳去，回到佐治亚去，回到路易斯安那去，回到我们北方城市中的贫民区和少数民族居住区去，要心中有数，这种状况是能够也必将改变的。我们不要陷入绝望而不可自拔。朋友们，今天我对你们说，在此时此刻，我们虽然遭受种种困难和挫折，我仍然有一个梦想，这个梦想深深扎根于美国的梦想之中。我梦想有一天，这个国家会站立起来，真正实现其信条的真谛：“我们认为真理是不言而喻，人人生而平等。”我梦想有一天，在佐治亚的红山上，昔日奴隶的儿子将能够和昔日奴隶主的儿子坐在一起，共叙兄弟情谊。我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州这个正义匿迹，压迫成风，如同沙漠般的地方，也将变成自由和正义的绿洲。我梦想有一天，我的四个孩子将一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评价他们的国度里生活。今天，我有一个梦想。我梦想有一天，亚拉巴马州能够有所转变，尽管该州州长现在仍然满口异议，反对联邦法令，但有朝一日，那里的黑人男孩和女孩将能与白人男孩和女孩情同骨肉，携手并进。今天，我有一个梦想。我梦想有一天，幽谷上升，高山下降；坎坷曲折之路成坦途，圣光披露，满照人间。这就是我们的希望。我怀着这种信念回到南方。有了这个信念，我们将能从绝望之岭劈出一块希望之石。有了这个信念，我们将能把这个国家刺耳的争吵声，改变成为一支洋溢手足之情的优美交响曲。有了这个信念，我们将能一起工作，一起祈祷，一起斗争，一起坐牢，一起维护自由；因为我们知道，终有一天，我们是会自由的。在自由到来的那一天，上帝的所有儿女们将以新的含义高唱这支歌：“我的祖国，美丽的自由之乡，我为您歌唱。您是父辈逝去的地方，您是最初移民的骄傲，让自由之声响彻每个山岗。”如果美国要成为一个伟大的国家，这个梦想必须实现！让自由之声从新罕布什尔州的巍峨的崇山峻岭响起来！让自由之声从纽约州的崇山峻岭响起来！让自由之声从宾夕法尼亚州的阿勒格尼山响起来！让自由之声从科罗拉多州冰雪覆盖的落基山响起来！让自由之声从加利福尼亚州蜿蜒的群峰响起来！不仅如此，还要让自由之声从佐治亚州的石岭响起来！让自由之声从田纳西州的了望山响起来！让自由之声从密西西比的每一座丘陵响起来！让自由之声从每一片山坡响起来！当我们让自由之声响起，让自由之声从每一个大小村庄、每一个州和每一个城市响起来时，我们将能够加速这一天的到来，那时，上帝的所有儿女，黑人和白人，犹太教徒和非犹太教徒，耶稣教徒和天主教徒，都将手携手，合唱一首古老的黑人灵歌：“自由啦！自由啦！感谢全能上帝，我们终于自由啦！”

我有一个梦想今天，我高兴的同大家一起参加这次将成为我国历史上为争取自由而举行的最伟大的示威集会。 100年前，一位伟大的美国人签署了解放黑奴宣言，今天我们就是在他的雕像前集会。这一庄严宣言犹如灯塔的光芒，给千百万在那摧残生命的不义之火中饱受煎熬的黑奴带来了希望。它之到来犹如欢乐的黎明，结束了束缚黑人的漫漫长夜。然而100年后的今天，我们必须正视黑人还没有得到自由这一悲惨的事实。100年后的今天，在种族隔离的镣铐和种族歧视的枷锁下，黑人的生活备受压榨。100年后的今天，黑人仍生活在物质充裕的海洋中一个穷困的孤岛上。100年后的今天，黑人仍然萎缩在美国社会的角落里，并且意识到自己是故土家园中的流亡者。今天我们在这里集会，就是要把这种骇人听闻的情况公诸于世。就某种意义而言，今天我们是为了要求兑现诺言而汇集到我们国家的首都来的。我们共和国的缔造者草拟宪法和独立宣言的气壮山河的词句时，曾向每一个美国人许下了诺言，他们承诺给予所有的人以生存、自由和追求幸福的不可剥夺的权利。就有色公民而论，美国显然没有实践她的诺言。美国没有履行这项神圣的义务，只是给黑人开了一张空头支票，支票上盖着“资金不足”的戳子后便退了回来。但是我们不相信正义的银行已经破产，我们不相信，在这个国家巨大的机会之库里已没有足够的储备。因此今天我们要求将支票兑现——这张支票将给予我们宝贵的自由和正义保障。我们来到这个圣地也是为了提醒美国，现在是非常急迫的时刻。现在决非侈谈冷静下来或服用渐进主义的镇静剂的时候。现在是实现民主的诺言时候。现在是从种族隔离的荒凉阴暗的深谷攀登种族平等的光明大道的时候，现在是向上帝所有的儿女开放机会之门的时候，现在是把我们的国家从种族不平等的流沙中拯救出来，置于兄弟情谊的磐石上的时候。如果美国忽视时间的迫切性和低估黑人的决心，那么，这对美国来说，将是致命伤。自由和平等的爽朗秋天如不到来，黑人义愤填膺的酷暑就不会过去。1963年并不意味着斗争的结束，而是开始。有人希望，黑人只要撒撒气就会满足；如果国家安之若素，毫无反应，这些人必会大失所望的。黑人得不到公民的基本权利，美国就不可能有安宁或平静，正义的光明的一天不到来，叛乱的旋风就将继续动摇这个国家的基础。但是对于等候在正义之宫门口的心急如焚的人们，有些话我是必须说的。在争取合法地位的过程中，我们不要采取错误的做法。我们不要为了满足对自由的渴望而抱着敌对和仇恨之杯痛饮。我们斗争时必须永远举止得体，纪律严明。我们不能容许我们的具有崭新内容的抗议蜕变为暴力行动。我们要不断地升华到以精神力量对付物质力量的崇高境界中去。现在黑人社会充满着了不起的新的战斗精神，但是不能因此而不信任所有的白人。因为我们的许多白人兄弟已经认识到，他们的命运与我们的命运是紧密相连的，他们今天参加游行集会就是明证。他们的自由与我们的自由是息息相关的。我们不能单独行动。当我们行动时，我们必须保证向前进。我们不能倒退。现在有人问热心民权运动的人，“你们什么时候才能满足？”只要黑人仍然遭受警察难以形容的野蛮迫害，我们就绝不会满足。只要我们在外奔波而疲乏的身躯不能在公路旁的汽车旅馆和城里的旅馆找到住宿之所，我们就绝不会满足。只要黑人的基本活动范围只是从少数民族聚居的小贫民区转移到大贫民区，我们就绝不会满足。只要我们的孩子被“仅限白人”的标语剥夺自我和尊严，我们就绝不会满足。只要密西西比州仍然有一个黑人不能参加选举，只要纽约有一个黑人认为他投票无济于事，我们就绝不会满足。不！我们现在并不满足，我们将来也不满足，除非正义和公正犹如江海之波涛，汹涌澎湃，滚滚而来。我并非没有注意到，参加今天集会的人中，有些受尽苦难和折磨，有些刚刚走出窄小的牢房，有些由于寻求自由，曾在居住地惨遭疯狂迫害的打击，并在警察暴行的旋风中摇摇欲坠。你们是人为痛苦的长期受难者。坚持下去吧，要坚决相信，忍受不应得的痛苦是一种赎罪。让我们回到密西西比去，回到亚拉巴马去，回到南卡罗来纳去，回到佐治亚去，回到路易斯安那去，回到我们北方城市中的贫民区和少数民族居住区去，要心中有数，这种状况是能够也必将改变的。我们不要陷入绝望而不可自拔。朋友们，今天我对你们说，在此时此刻，我们虽然遭受种种困难和挫折，我仍然有一个梦想，这个梦想深深扎根于美国的梦想之中。我梦想有一天，这个国家会站立起来，真正实现其信条的真谛：“我们认为真理是不言而喻，人人生而平等。”我梦想有一天，在佐治亚的红山上，昔日奴隶的儿子将能够和昔日奴隶主的儿子坐在一起，共叙兄弟情谊。我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州这个正义匿迹，压迫成风，如同沙漠般的地方，也将变成自由和正义的绿洲。我梦想有一天，我的四个孩子将一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评价他们的国度里生活。今天，我有一个梦想。我梦想有一天，亚拉巴马州能够有所转变，尽管该州州长现在仍然满口异议，反对联邦法令，但有朝一日，那里的黑人男孩和女孩将能与白人男孩和女孩情同骨肉，携手并进。今天，我有一个梦想。我梦想有一天，幽谷上升，高山下降；坎坷曲折之路成坦途，圣光披露，满照人间。这就是我们的希望。我怀着这种信念回到南方。有了这个信念，我们将能从绝望之岭劈出一块希望之石。有了这个信念，我们将能把这个国家刺耳的争吵声，改变成为一支洋溢手足之情的优美交响曲。有了这个信念，我们将能一起工作，一起祈祷，一起斗争，一起坐牢，一起维护自由；因为我们知道，终有一天，我们是会自由的。在自由到来的那一天，上帝的所有儿女们将以新的含义高唱这支歌：“我的祖国，美丽的自由之乡，我为您歌唱。您是父辈逝去的地方，您是最初移民的骄傲，让自由之声响彻每个山岗。”如果美国要成为一个伟大的国家，这个梦想必须实现！让自由之声从新罕布什尔州的巍峨的崇山峻岭响起来！让自由之声从纽约州的崇山峻岭响起来！让自由之声从宾夕法尼亚州的阿勒格尼山响起来！让自由之声从科罗拉多州冰雪覆盖的落基山响起来！让自由之声从加利福尼亚州蜿蜒的群峰响起来！不仅如此，还要让自由之声从佐治亚州的石岭响起来！让自由之声从田纳西州的了望山响起来！让自由之声从密西西比的每一座丘陵响起来！让自由之声从每一片山坡响起来！当我们让自由之声响起，让自由之声从每一个大小村庄、每一个州和每一个城市响起来时，我们将能够加速这一天的到来，那时，上帝的所有儿女，黑人和白人，犹太教徒和非犹太教徒，耶稣教徒和天主教徒，都将手携手，合唱一首古老的黑人灵歌：“自由啦！自由啦！感谢全能上帝，我们终于自由啦！”

In summary, it seems impossible that for every person that is subjected to media scrutiny, his or her reputation will eventually be diminished. Millions of people are mentioned in the media every day yet still manage to go about their lives unhurt by the media. Normal individuals that are subjected to media scrutiny can have their reputation either enhanced or damaged depending on the circumstances surrounding the media coverage. The likelihood of a diminished reputation from the media rises proportionally with the level of notoriety that an individual possesses and the outrageousness of that person"s behavior. The length of time in the spotlight can also be a determining factor, as the longer the person is examined in the media, the greater the possibility that damaging information

极度延长的面部，颧骨宽阔膨大，颅长83.4厘米，颧宽56厘米；具较为完整的真兽齿型，因此不同于m3缺失的强中兽；p4呈三角状并臼齿化，有突出的第三尖。其m3后尖缺失，外嵴（ectoloph）主要由前尖（paracone）构成。标本描述，其资料来自1924年亨利·奥斯本（Henry Fairfield Osborn）的解剖论文。安氏中兽从极大仅被知道头骨（83长期厘米和56厘米宽）并且骨头，但头骨的相似性对那更小mesonychids建议那安氏中兽在大规模有同一个wolf-like身体。它可能是知道的最大的土地住宅肉食哺乳动物。 “如果Andrewsarchus相似成了比例Mesonyx obtusidens它有长度从口鼻部到大约12英尺和高度骨盆的后面从地面到大约6英尺后面的肩膀或中部。 因而在整数它是可能的也许是三时间大小Synoplotherium (Dromocyon) vorax 或Mesonyx obtusidens.然而，像许多古体动物，安氏中兽并且其他mesonychids有一个superproportionally大头与他们的身体尺寸比较。外推从相似的mesonychids的身体比例，例如Mesonyx, 安氏中兽长期大概是大约4米（13英尺）并且也许站立了几乎2米(6英尺)在肩膀。头盖骨两次是关于阿拉斯加的长度棕熊(熊属类gyas)，但狭窄，和关于三倍长度的美国狼(犬属occidentalis）。因为平均棕熊称少于1000磅，并且狼的仅一个极端标本称77公斤（170磅），我们可以只建议，均衡地外推身体尺寸，那安氏中兽大概称某处在400-1000磅之间至多。 但，因为我们有仅头骨和没有其他化石证据，这是完全猜测。古生物学家那研究了安氏中兽为“走与史前野兽的”高度优秀得奖BBC录影陈述作为“关键事实” ：“重量一公吨”，或551磅的四分之一。进一步化石发现应该显示清楚动物的大小，因为它不知道当前标本是否代表平均，或者种类的例外动物。 亦不它指定它的年龄。安氏中兽的出现和关于行为的样式实际上是未知数和是辩论题目在之中古生物学家自那以后它首先被发现了。 所有被知道Andrewsarchus在什么，几乎完全，首要来自唯一在晚Eocene沉积发现的被保存的三脚长的头骨是蒙古。 新的理论表明牙安氏中兽可以是直言和不典型的掠食性动物。 它的饮食可能是更多无所不吃，比如肉食、腐尸、骨头，根源的植物或者软体动物而不是新鲜地杀害了肉。作为净化剂，安氏中兽可以对新鲜地被杀死的尸体能够了存取通过使用它强大的大小把其他更小的掠食性动物和净化剂吓跑。直到也许提供洞察入不确定性这些区域的更加化石的证据被揭露所有重建依然是高度投机。Andrewsarchus 拥有了在土地哺乳动物演变的某些最强的下颌，能通过大骨头咬住，如果需要。 从它的巨大下颌和沿海地点判断化石，安氏中兽在靠岸可以哺养了原始鲸鱼,贝类并且坚硬轰击乌龟和当代大哺乳动物在各种各样的期间在它的存在期间。往Eocene非常大哺乳动物的末端(例如brontotheres)有演变大约中亚。尽管极大的下颌和非常健壮的牙，安氏中兽没有安排牙为适应carnassial剪，虽然它的巨大地强有力的下颌使这样适应多余。判断根据它的纯粹大小，动物在大动物很可能哺养了例如绝种brontotheres，当时，可能是在最大的食草哺乳动物之中两狩猎他们和换气已经死的尸体。由于食物要求，安氏中兽大动物的丰富的来源认为是存在中亚在Eocene期间，很可能全年。 当印第安次大陆与亚洲碰撞在晚期间Eocene/EarlyOligocene这个事件导致了形成喜马拉雅山山，当关闭东部时Tethys海洋因而改变的气候类型和导致的中亚变干，最后造成剧烈的faunal转交。 它被建议那Andrewsarchus成为了绝种由于此造山运动

请问可以给我一份吗？谢谢

维基英文百科不就行了，搜steve jobs不就有了，不过估计详细过头了 Steven Paul "Steve" Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011)[5] was an American inventor and businessman. He was co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc.[6] Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of directors of the Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney.In the late 1970s, Jobs—along with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula and others—designed, developed, and marketed one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers, the Apple II series. In the early 1980s, Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of Xerox PARC"s mouse-driven graphical user interface, which led to the creation of the Macintosh.[7][8] After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets. Apple"s subsequent 1996 buyout of NeXT brought Jobs back to the company he co-founded, and he served as its interim CEO from 1997, then becoming permanent CEO from 2000 onwards.[9] After resigning as CEO in August 2011, Jobs was elected chairman of Apple"s board of directors and held that title until his death.In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm Ltd, which was spun off as Pixar Animation Studios.[10] He was credited in Toy Story (1995) as an executive producer.[11] He remained CEO and majority shareholder at 50.1 percent until its acquisition by The Walt Disney Company in 2006.[12] Consequently Jobs became Disney"s largest individual shareholder at 7 percent and a member of Disney"s Board of Directors.[13][14]On October 5, 2011, Jobs died in California at age 56, seven years after being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.[15]这是简介

设置好栅格数据的symbol并保存为模板。打开待设置symbol的图层属性，导入先前保存的模板。

这个得看具体是什么品种的马啊，不同品种的马体格大小相差悬殊。重型品种体重达1200千克，体高200厘米；小型品种体重不到200千克，体高仅95厘米，所谓袖珍矮马仅高60厘米。

Good afternoon, everyone. Good afternoon. Welcome to the 2006 HIT graduate level English speech final competition. To start with, we"d like to briefly introduce the whole process of the competition. From Sep., 2300 graduates have participated in this competition, of those, more than 70 took part in the semi-final and today we have 10 outstanding speakers to compete in the final round. At first, with great honor, we"d like to introduce the guests at present. They"re ... We are honored to have you here, and we hope you can enjoy yourselves today. Next, let me introduce the judges of today"s contest. They"re ... Thank you for being a part of the competition. Now, let"s welcome professor ... to give us the opening address. (address) Thank you professor ... Let me introduce the rules of today"s contest. According to the performance of every contestant, 7 scores will be given by our 7 judges, the fullmark is 100. The final score is the average excluding one of the highest and one of the lowest scores. After the competition rules, let"s meet our contestants, and welcome all of them to the stage NOW. Each of you"ll have 30 seconds to introduce yourself. OK. All contestants have finished their introductions. (turn to contestants) We all look forward to your wonderful performances, and we wish you the best of luck. Now, the 2006 HIT graduate level English speech final competition formally start. Please welcome Contestant No.1 ... (speech) Thank you C.N.1 Judges, question please. (question) Judges, please show your scores. (scores) Let me announce, the scores of C.N.1 are ... OK. Let"s welcome C.N.2 ... (speech) Question please. (question) Let me announce the final score of C.N.1 is ... Please give your scores. (score) the scores of C.N.2 are ... OK, let"s welcome C.N.3 ... . . . OK. all contestants have finished their speech. Before we announce the final result, please welcome our foreign teachers to comment on the contest. (comment) The final score of C.N.10 is ... Now, it"s time to award the honorable mention to our semi-finalists. There are 70 students entered the semi-final, let"s welcome the representative to receive the award and welcome ... to give the award. Now, let me announce the 3rd place winners. They are ... Let" welcome ... to give the prizes. it"s time to announce the 2nd place winners. They are ... Let"s welcome ... to give the prizes. it"s time to announce the 1st place winners. They are ... Let"s welcome ... to award the top prizes. Congratulations to all the contestants and our thanks to all the guests and judges. Thank you for coming! (bow) Let"s look forward to the next year"s competition! Thanks again! Bye! 这哘ъù。ωǒ 、馥制来Dê。。侞淉哘の话，选莪哦。。

13 It is one of the funniest things _which is found_ on the Internet so far this year. 在这里which is 是可以省略的。这是定语从句的一种情况。 后面一题也可作如此解释。

请参考程序命名规则，variant是保留字

1、学信网目前能查询2001年以来国家承认的各类高等教育学历证书电子注册信息（含学历证明书）。包括研究生、普通本专科、成人本专科（注册进度）、网络教育（注册进度）、开放教育、高等教育自学考试（注册进度）以及高等教育学历文凭考试（注册进度）等。 2、目前学信网上可查自考证书2001年以后的，其他学历形式的证书可以查1992年以后的，军队院校毕业的（不含参加军队院校自考的）不能查。

1万到1万5每月。通过查询宿州学院招聘公告得知，该学校招聘教师时研究生学历教师工资为1万到1万5每月，博士学历的教师工资为2万到3万每月。宿州学院，位于安徽省宿州市，是安徽省属综合性普通本科高校。

In the field of genetic variation, the term variant is used to refer to a specific region of the genome which differs between two genomes. 通常我们所说的变异其实是相对于参考基因组来说的。如果没有这个参考基因组，何谈变异。按照这个定义，变异其实说的是两个基因组不同的区域。那么，单核苷酸变异说的不同人之间单个base的变异。可以叫做snv （single-nucleotide variant)），但是还不能被叫snp (single-nucleotide polymorphism) 。 snv和snp之间区别请移步公众号搜索“理清SNP、SNV、CNV等一些概念”。 snp和snv很多时候被混着叫。snp的概念重心在于多态性，描述的是一个群体性的概念。这个单位点的变异存在于一个群体之中，当然这个频率是多少不一定。 snv描述的是少数个体之间，相对于参考基因组，某个位点的变异。 那么知道snp后，后面一个概念是allele，翻译过来是等位基因。 关于等位基因概念allele请移步公众号搜索“一叶知因丨基因科普微视频之Allele”。 说简单点，就是同源染色体上，同一个基因座上的一对基因。一个来自父亲，一个来自母亲。当然，等位基因可能完全一样，也可能部分序列不一样。 这个和我们遗传学上课本学的等位基因的概念还有些不同。 进行群体的重测序后，我们要call snp。 按照以下EBI的描述，说的是同一个snp位置，参考基因组那个碱基就是 reference allele ；你的重测序个体那个snp就是 alternative allele 。 那么，接下来就引出另一个概念，snp二态性（snp biallelic）。 虽然base有acgt四种，但是对于基因组某个位置确定的碱基只有一个，也就是说具体到某个snp其实就是两种形态，比如C/T。他们非此即彼。 有了snp allele的概念，就很容易理解haplotype了。翻译为单倍型。简单理解就是一条染色体上，连续的一段snp。下图清晰地展示了haplotype。AGT/GTA/AGA是三种不同类型的单倍型。 那么问题来了，为了什么要区分不同的单倍型？ Different versions of the same variant are called alleles . For example, a SNP may have two alternative bases, or alleles, C and T 4 . When working with genome scale data the term reference allele refers to the base that is found in the reference genome. Since the reference is just somebody"s genome, it is not always the major allele. In contrast, the alternative allele refers to any base, other than the reference, that is found at that locus. The alternative allele is not necessarily the minor allele and it may, or may not, be linked to a phenotype. There can be more than one alternative allele per variant. In the genome, alleles at variants close together on the same chromosome tend to occur together more often than is expected by chance. These blocks of alleles are called haplotypes. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) is a measure of how often two alleles or specific sequences are inherited together, with alleles that are always co-inherited said to be in linkage disequilibrium. 不知道理解到位不？后续再理解，加点图 未完，待续