戴尔灵越1564开机时会蓝屏，显示在test，之后会出现were color bars displayed？请教高手是怎么回事

意思是：主题美［＇tɑpu026ak］释义：n.主题（topic的复数）短语：Hot topics 热门话题；热点话题；模特资讯；时政热点词源解说：直接源自拉丁语的Topica，意为主题。扩展资料：词语辨析：issue，subject，theme，topic这些名词均有“主题、话题”之意。1、issue指有争论、议论，急需讨论研究的热点话题。2、subject一般用词，使用广泛。指书籍、文章、演讲、讨论等所隐含的、暗示的，需要由读者或听众推断的主题或中心话题。3、theme系正式用词，多指文学、艺术作品的主题，或论文、演说的主题。4、topic普通用词，含义广泛，但其范畴小于subject。既可指文章、讲话的题目，谈话的内容，又可指提纲中的标题甚至段落的主题或中心思想。

topic[英][u02c8tu0252pu026ak][美][u02c8tɑ:pu026ak]n.主题; 话题，论题; 标题，细目; 复数：topics易混淆单词：TOPIC以上结果来自金山词霸例句:1.The current topic of debate is the declining birthrate. 当前讨论的话题是不断下降的出生率。

话题

topic[英]["tu0252pu026ak][美][u02c8tɑpu026ak]n.主题；话题，论题；标题，细目复数: topics双语例句1.a topic much discussed in barrooms across the country全国各地酒吧间议论纷纷的话题2.a highly controversial topic颇有争议的话题3.a hotly debated topic激烈辩论的话题4.I have a meeting with my supervisor about my research topic.我要就我的研究课题同导师见一次面。5.The main topic of conversation was Tom"s new girlfriend.交谈的主要话题是汤姆的新女友。

topic topic topic

topic 英["tu0252pu026ak]美[u02c8tɑpu026ak]n. 主题;话题，论题;标题，细目名词复数:topics[例句]* Isaacson says the one topic jobs refused to discuss was philanthropy.*艾萨克森说，慈善是乔布斯拒绝讨论的一个话题。

topic

on 关于什么的话题

分别是主题，作用，结构第三个拼错了，少打个c

topic 可和这些介词同用：on,of,about,in,for例句：The topic on motherhood and career is what women care most about.The topic of today"s seminar is Drinking and Driving.Topics about science and technolog...

shi

[TOC] 本篇接着讲述 Controller 的功能方面的内容，在 Kafka 中，一个 Topic 的新建、扩容或者删除都是由 Controller 来操作的，本篇文章也是主要聚焦在 Topic 的操作处理上（新建、扩容、删除），实际上 Topic 的创建在 Kafka 源码解析之 topic 创建过程（三） 中已经讲述过了，本篇与前面不同的是，本篇主要是从 Controller 角度来讲述，而且是把新建、扩容、删除这三个 Topic 级别的操作放在一起做一个总结。 这里把 Topic 新建与扩容放在一起讲解，主要是因为无论 Topic 是新建还是扩容，在 Kafka 内部其实都是 Partition 的新建，底层的实现机制是一样的，Topic 的新建与扩容的整体流程如下图所示： Topic 新建与扩容触发条件的不同如下所示： 下面开始详细讲述这两种情况。 Topic 扩容 Kafka 提供了 Topic 扩容工具，假设一个 Topic（topic_test）只有一个 partition，这时候我们想把它扩容到两个 Partition，可以通过下面两个命令来实现： 这两种方法的区别是：第二种方法直接指定了要扩容的 Partition 2 的副本需要分配到哪台机器上，这样的话我们可以精确控制到哪些 Topic 放下哪些机器上。 无论是使用哪种方案，上面两条命令产生的结果只有一个，将 Topic 各个 Partition 的副本写入到 ZK 对应的节点上，这样的话 /brokers/topics/topic_test 节点的内容就会发生变化，PartitionModificationsListener 监听器就会被触发 ，该监听器的处理流程如下： 其 doHandleDataChange() 方法的处理流程如下： 下面我们看下 onNewPartitionCreation() 方法，其实现如下： 关于 Partition 的新建，总共分了以下四步： 经过上面几个阶段，一个 Partition 算是真正创建出来，可以正常进行读写工作了，当然上面只是讲述了 Controller 端做的内容，Partition 副本所在节点对 LeaderAndIsr 请求会做更多的工作，这部分会在后面关于 LeaderAndIsr 请求的处理中只能够详细讲述。 Topic 新建 Kafka 也提供了 Topic 创建的工具，假设我们要创建一个名叫 topic_test，Partition 数为2的 Topic，创建的命令如下： 跟前面的类似，方法二是可以精确控制新建 Topic 每个 Partition 副本所在位置，Topic 创建的本质上是在 /brokers/topics 下新建一个节点信息，并将 Topic 的分区详情写入进去，当 /brokers/topics 有了新增的 Topic 节点后，会触发 TopicChangeListener 监听器，其实现如下： 只要 /brokers/topics 下子节点信息有变化（topic 新增或者删除），TopicChangeListener 都会被触发，其 doHandleChildChange() 方法的处理流程如下： 接着看下 onNewTopicCreation() 方法实现 上述方法主要做了两件事： onNewPartitionCreation() 的实现在前面 Topic 扩容部分已经讲述过，这里不再重复，最好参考前面流程图来梳理 Topic 扩容和新建的整个过程。 Kafka Topic 删除这部分的逻辑是一个单独线程去做的，这个线程是在 Controller 启动时初始化和启动的。 TopicDeletionManager 初始化 TopicDeletionManager 启动实现如下所示： TopicDeletionManager 启动时只是初始化了一个 DeleteTopicsThread 线程，并启动该线程。TopicDeletionManager 这个类从名字上去看，它是 Topic 删除的管理器，它是如何实现 Topic 删除管理呢，这里先看下该类的几个重要的成员变量： 前面一小节，简单介绍了 TopicDeletionManager、DeleteTopicsThread 的启动以及它们之间的关系，这里我们看下一个 Topic 被设置删除后，其处理的整理流程，简单做了一个小图，如下所示： 这里先简单讲述上面的流程，当一个 Topic 设置为删除后： 先看下 DeleteTopicsListener 的实现，如下： 其 doHandleChildChange() 的实现逻辑如下： 接下来，看下 Topic 删除线程 DeleteTopicsThread 的实现，如下所示： doWork() 方法处理逻辑如下： 先看下 onTopicDeletion() 方法，这是 Topic 最开始删除时的实现，如下所示： Topic 的删除的真正实现方法还是在 startReplicaDeletion() 方法中，Topic 删除时，会先调用 onPartitionDeletion() 方法删除所有的 Partition，然后在 Partition 删除时，执行 startReplicaDeletion() 方法删除该 Partition 的副本，该方法的实现如下： 该方法的执行逻辑如下： 在将副本状态从 OfflineReplica 转移成 ReplicaDeletionStarted 时，会设置一个回调方法 deleteTopicStopReplicaCallback()，该方法会将删除成功的 Replica 设置为 ReplicaDeletionSuccessful 状态，删除失败的 Replica 设置为 ReplicaDeletionIneligible 状态（需要根据 StopReplica 请求处理的过程，看下哪些情况下 Replica 会删除失败，这个会在后面讲解）。 下面看下这个方法 completeDeleteTopic()，当一个 Topic 的所有 Replica 都删除成功时，即其状态都在 ReplicaDeletionSuccessful 时，会调用这个方法，如下所示： 当一个 Topic 所有副本都删除后，会进行如下处理： 至此，一个 Topic 算是真正删除完成。

kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server ${kafkaAddress} --create --topic ${topicName} --partitions ${partipartions} --replication-factor ${replication} kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server ${kafkaAddress} --topic ${topicName} --describe kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server ${kafkaAddress} --delete--topic ${topicName} --partitions ${partitions} --replication-factor ${replication} kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server ${kafkaAddress} --list kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server ${kafkaAddress} --topic ${topicName} --from-beginning kafka-consumer-groups.sh --describe --bootstrap-server ${kafkaAddress} --group ${groupName} a.修改partitions数量 kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server ${kafkaAddress} --topic ${topicName} --alter --partitions 4 b.创建increase-replication-factor.json in config,配置各分区replication-factor位置 c.更新replication-factor kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --bootstrap-server ${kafkaAddress} --reassignment-json-file config/increase-replication-factor.json --execute

英译汉 汉译英都有Unit11.无论你是多么富有经验的演说家，无论你做了多么充分的准备，你都很难在这样嘈杂的招待会上发表演讲。 No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.2.就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关心吉米一样，吉米也关心他们。 Just as all his sister " s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them. 3.汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码，以变帮助找回被盗的车辆。 Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles.4.老师回来时你敢告我状的话，我就不再和你说话了。 If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won "t say a word to you any more. 5.有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。 Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.6.现需面对的事是：如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。 Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company.1.When someone does something for you, no matter how small and no matter whether he is superior or inferior, it is proper to say “thank u.” 每当有人帮了你，无论事情大小，无论他地位高低，你都应该对他说声“谢谢”。 2 The invention of the steam engine changed ships just as it had changed land transport. 蒸汽机的发明使船舶发生了变化,正如其已经改变了陆地运输一样。3 Though the manager did his best to help,he was still unable to track down the source of the problem. 尽管经理努力帮忙,他还是不能找到问题的根源所在。 4 The girl, whose life revolved around her brother, had no difficulty working out what she should do to please him. 这个女孩的生活天天围着哥哥转,完全明白该做什么来使哥哥高兴。5 If u don"t know what u want, u might end up getting something u don"t want. 如果你不知道自己想要什么,你最终得到的可能都是自己不想要对。 6 Jimmy had his sister to help him get through the painful days alone without his father. 吉米有他妹妹帮助他度过那些没有父亲的艰难日子。Unit21.被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪 The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence.2.总体来看，枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源 All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron.3.正餐时不供应饮料，饮料会影响消化 No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion.4.考虑到那个地方受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的 Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance.5.服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并尽快咨询医生 If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible.6.总结这次讨论时，他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题。 Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem.1.As a way to remedy iron deficiency, experts recommend meat, chicken and fish, the best sources of iron, and the only sources of the form of iron most readily absorbed by the body. 作为补救缺铁的一种补救方法，专家建议多吃猪肉、鸡肉、鱼肉，这些是最好的铁质来源，也是唯一最容易被身体吸收的铁质来源2.Iron reserves gone to zero ,u feel weak ,tired and out of breath ,which is the typical symptom of the third stage of iron deficiency. 当铁质储量为零时，你会感到虚弱、乏力、呼吸困难，这是典型的缺铁的第三阶段的体现。 3.Endurance athletes ,particularly females, who frequently have iron deficiency, may bounce back if they consume additional meat or take iron supplements. 耐力运动员，尤其是女性，经常缺铁，如果她们摄入一些肉类或服用铁质补剂，去补救铁缺失，能够恢复健康的状态。 4.According to the sports medicine expert, it is advisable for those who suffer from fatigue and poor performance to eat red meat, which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron. 根据运动医学专家建议，那些感到劳累和工作效率差的人，应该多吃一些牛肉、羊肉，因为它们含有的铁质最易被吸收。 5 People with low iron reserves should consult a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by modifying their diet or by taking supplements. 铁质储量低的人应该去咨询内科医生，看看是否能通过调节他们的饮食或服用铁补充剂来弥补铁缺失。 6 In general, if u ignore the amount of iron u take in and do not pay attention to warning signs before iron reserves are gone ,u will be in trouble. 一般说来，如果你忽视自己摄入的铁质含量，不在铁质储备失去之前注意警告信号，你就会有麻烦。Unit31.在思维方面，与他的行为一样，他是非常传统的。 In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional.2.教师一旦同意接受新的教学计划。他们就得面对新计划所带为他们的压力。 Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them.3.从长远看，大学毕业后继续深造而不是直接参加工作是值得的。 In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one"s study after graduating from university instead of going to work directly.4.由于这所学校的办学宗旨是品德第一，所以道德观和学习成绩受到同样的重视。 As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally.5.据说，原定于这个月召开的会议将推迟到下个月召开。 It is said that the meeting, which is scheduled to be held this month, will be put off till next month.6.这所学校把为学生做好人生准备当作其职责，办法是倡导一整套能使所有学生受益的道德标准。 The school sees its job as preparing its students for life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can benefit all of them.1.As in France, during the 1960s in the United States there was a cultural revolution. 跟在法国一样，美国在20世纪60年代也发生过文化革命。 2.Once he made up his mind to do something ,there was no stopping him. 他一旦下定决心去干一件事ue002就根本拦不住他。 3.The school stresses the idea that it is worthwhile for parents to participate in school activities together with their children. 学校强调的观点：是家长和孩子一起参加学校的活动是值得的。 4 At the end of class, the teacher asked her students to spend the last five minutes in an energetic exchange evaluating their class performance for the day on a 1--10 scale.ue003 快下课时，老师让学生用最后的五分钟来展开激烈的讨论，依照1—10的评分标准相互评价他们当天的课堂表现。 5 In order to avoid potential controversy regarding their character program, the principal of the school explains that Character First doesn"t mean forcing the students to accept a particular set of morals or religious values.ue003 为了避免引发针对他们的品格培养方案的争论，该校校长解释说：品格第一并不是要强迫学生接受某一套特有的道德原则或宗教观念。 6 Not all parents believe in the Hyde School"s principle that if u teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows.ue003 并非所有的家长都相信海德中学的办学原则，即如果你向学生传授诸如求真、勇敢、正直领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，学生的学习成绩就自然会提高。Unit41.从各方面考虑，这座城市都是世界上最令人激动的城市 Everything considered, this city is the world"s most exciting city.2.尽管没有得到父母的赞同,他还是继续他的计划出国学习 Though with no approval from his parents, he went ahead with his plan to study abroad.3.这座桥是以一位英雄的名字，这位英雄为人民的事业献出了生命 The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life for the cause of people.4.据说，画家是以他母亲为模特的，他母亲的面容沧桑却不失坚定 It is said that the painter used his mother as the model in the painting whose face represented suffering yet strength.5.这位作家于1950年因出版一本小说而一举成名，小说的灵感来自于他和一位姑娘在农场的经历 The writer instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of a novel inspired by his experience with a girl on a farm.6.有个故事说，US是“山姆大叔”的缩写，“山姆大叔”原名叫山姆,威尔逊，他曾和一名男子一起工作，这名男子和美国政府签订了一份合同，给军队提供肉食 One story says that “US” was short for “Uncle Sam” whose real name was Sam Wilson, who had once worked with a man who had signed a contract with the government to provide meat to the US Army.1.The painting shows a serious-looking man and a woman standing alongside him in front of a farmhouse ,their models being respectively the painter"s dentist and sister. 这副画上展现了一个神色严肃的男子和站在其身旁的一名女子，身后事一所农舍。他们的原型分别是画家的牙医和姐姐。 2 Applications made by corporations, whether on their own behalf or on behalf of other persons, must be signed by an official. 公司的申请书，不管是代表自己还是代表他人，都应该有官员的签名。 3 After starting out in talk shows, John rose to fame with his wife in radio and television programs that enlightened the general public, not just informed them. 做了脱口秀之后，约翰和妻子在电台和电视节目上出了名，这些节目启迪了大众，而不只是向他们提供信息。 4 Although some people did not approve of it, the city leaders decided to go ahead with the plan to build two five-star hotels by the lake to attract more visitors. 尽管有些人不赞同，但市领导还是决定实施这个计划，在湖边建造两个五星级宾馆以吸引更多的游客。 5 The famous painter died, and his wife, who used to be a model posing for his drawings, immediately came in as the general manager of his decoration company. 那位著名画家去世了，曾经给他当模特的妻子立即担任了他装潢公司的总经理职务。 6 At the party ,all of them were richly dressed ,but it was their way of talking that captured my attention so much that I felt inclined to talk with them.ue002 宴会上，他们的衣着都很华丽，但吸引我注意力的却是他们的交谈方式，使得我很想和他们交谈。Unit51.直到看到弥留之际躺在床上的母亲，他才意识到自己是多么地爱她。 Not until he saw his mother lying in bed, dying, did he realize how much he loved her.2.考虑到他最近的身体状况，我认为他这次考试成绩还不错。 Taking into account of his recent physical condition, I think he has done quite well in the exam.3.克拉克夫人躺在床上一动不动，一时间我都纳闷她是否和活着。 Mrs. Clark lies in bed motionless, and I wondered briefly if she is still alive.4.整栋楼一片黑暗，只有三楼的某个窗户透出一丝光。 The building was darkened except for a single light burning in a third-storey window.5.这些士兵接受了严格的训练，并且对完成这项新任务有充分的准备。 These soldiers have received very strict training and are well equipped to fulfill the new task.6.他伸手拿起电话，拨通了宾馆的号码。 He reached for the phone, picked it up, and dialed the hotel"s number.1.Not until the early sixties did it seem to be generally acknowledged that Britain was no longer a great power as previously understood. 直到60年代早期,人们似乎才普遍认同英国不再是以前心目中那样的大国了。2 Having decided to rent a flat, we set about contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city. 在决定了租房之后ue001我们便着手与市内所有的房屋代理商联系。 3. I clean her body carefully, trying to avoid hurting her, as she is only skin and bones.ue002 我小心翼翼地替她擦身子，尽量避免弄疼她，因为她瘦的只剩皮包骨了。4 There is a swell of emotion within me for this old man who is dying ,his dark yellow skin hanging loosely around exaggerated bones, his sunken chest rising and falling with the uneven breaths.ue002 我心间对这位弥留之际的老人涌起了一股感情，他那暗黄的皮肤松弛地裹在显得异常大的骨头上，深陷的胸部随着不均匀的呼吸起伏。5.Did u read about the famous painter in the newspaper He actually worked himself to death for his ambition of becoming a master of visual art.ue002 你在报上读到那位著名画家的消息了吗？他实际上是为了要成为视觉艺术大师的抱负而累的。 6 There had been hints that the old lady wanted to die alone, sparing her family an episode that perhaps they were not equipped to handle.ue002 有迹象表明，这位老太太想孤独地离开人世，不让她的家人看到他们或许无力面对的人生插曲。

话题

必须选。__pdi期刊投稿时，投稿系统必须要选special issue”这样才有可能被投入。?

你好，这里为你介绍一下雅思考试的详细流程，供参考：到达雅思考点后，拿着所需证件到考场外等候。安检完成后进入教室后等待考试开始。雅思考试共分为听说读写四个部分，包括笔试和口试。雅思笔试考试顺序为听力，阅读和写作，时间从上午9点到12点，持续约3个小时。口试则根据排序情况而定。一、笔试1、考前准备，考场会为大家准备文具用具，只需要携带报考的证件和空标签的瓶装水。2、听力考试，第一部分是听力，首先试音。没有问题后发考卷，录音说开始考试再翻开考卷，每个人带上耳机，开始考试。听力考试时间40分钟，题目分四个部分。全部录音放完30分钟，剩余10分钟大家把答案誊抄在答题卡上，时间一到就收卷。3、阅读考试，考试时间60分钟，题目分三个部分。40道题。4、写作考试，时间是60分钟，作文分为小作文和大作文两篇，小作文一般是看图说话，大作文是议论文，时间是40分钟。写作结束后，大家就算答题完成，整理结束后方可离开考场了。二、口试口试一般在笔试的前后一个星期内，口语考试的主体部分是从下面的三个部分开始的。第一部分叫做daily questions，日常生活当中的一个对话，时间是4-5分钟，形式是考官和你一问一答，通常会模范日常生活中的一些场景。第二部分叫做topicscards话题卡，每人一张卡片，按照卡片的内容单独叙述，时间是3-4分钟，大家会有一分半左右的时间准备，大概需要300-500个单词，说三十到五十句话。第三部分叫做two way discussion双向讨论。也是最难的一部分，针对第二部分进行更深入的一问一答，时间是4-5分钟时间。口语的整个考试的流程是15分钟时间左右。上述就是雅思考试的整个流程了，希望可以帮助到大家。

kafka ACL常用权限操作 使用bin/kafka-topics.sh创建 注意工具bin/kafka-topics.sh访问的是zookeeper而不是kafka，即他是一个zookeeper client而不是一个kafka client，所以它的认证都是通过zookeeper完成的。 Case 1：如果zookeeper没有配置ACL激活： Case 2：如果zookeeper已经配置ACL激活： 命令还是前面的那个命令，但是必须提供java.security.auth.login.config指向jaas.conf文件。例如： 命令的配置可以直接修改jvm的启动脚本，或者设置在环境变量里： 这里配置的用户必须是zookeeper服务端已经配置运行可以访问的客户端用户。例如，下面的zookeeper服务端配置： 运行客户端为admin的用户作为zookeeper客户端连接访问。 查询topic操作的ACL认证，同前面创建topic操作的认证一样，不细说，参考前面。 删除topic操作的ACL认证，同前面创建topic操作的认证一样，不细说，参考前面。 producer用的脚本是/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh，注意这个producer脚本是和kafka打交道的(相对bin/kafka-topics.sh是和zookeeper打交道的)，所以： 命令行格式： 文件/path/to/client-sasl.properties 还需要配置client用户信息，并传给JVM参数： 此时如果没有授权，则会得到如下错误信息： 赋予producer的权限： 这个选项--producer实际上在Topic域上创建了(Write/Describe/Create)3个子权限： 当然用户也可以单独创建者三个子权限。 consumer用的脚本是/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh，注意和生产者producer一样，consumer也是和kafka打交道的(相对于bin/kafka-topics.sh是和zookeeper打交道的)，所以： 命令行格式： 选项--from-begining可以调整成其他值；配置文件/path/to/client-sasl.properties和producer的一样，不细说，参考生产者。 此时如果没有授权，则会得到如下错误信息： 赋予consumer的权限： 和producer相比，consumer还有一个额外的参数--group，如果没有限制，则置成"*"即可；这个--consumer的选择实际上在Topic域上创建了(Read/Describe)2个子权限，然后在Group域创建了(Read)1个子权限： 这个地方我们注意一下，consumer没有Create的权限，所以如果kafka配置成auto.create.topics.enable=true，而此时topic不存在，那么consumer试图创建topic的时候会失败，那就需要一条单独的Create授权规则来给consumer增加Create权限。 权限管理工具以命令行的方式管理权限，可以增加/删除/列举所有的权限规则。 基本用法： 授权用户kafaclient具有Read topic kafaclient--topic的权限。 删除用户kafaclient具有Describe topic kafaclient--topic的权限。 查看当前在topic kafkaclient--topic上面的权限列表。 另外注意，和kafka-topics.sh一样，kafka-acls.sh也是直接访问zookeeper的，而不是访问kafka，所以它的认证方式和kafka-topics.sh是一样的： 详细的用法配置请参考kafka-topics.sh部分，不细说。 在kafka2.0之后引入了--resource-pattern-type这个参数，可以针对特定的资源(topic)命名规则，例如前缀，来为某一类的topic添加规则。而之前的办法只能读完整的topic设置规则，字符" "表示所有的，这不是规则表达式匹配任意字符的意思，而就是文本字符" "。 例如： 授权用户kafkaclient具有访问所有以"kafkaclient--"开头的topic的权限；这样带来的好处是，以后我们使得kafkaclient创建的topic全部以"kafkaclient--"开头，那么就不需要再为这些topic创建rule，一条rule就能够动态的管理新加的topic。 其实我对这个还是不满意，如果能够定义灵活规则就好了；因为上面的限制，我还是需要为每一个用户添加一条规则，而我想为所有的用户只用一条规则，这条规则就是：任何用户具有访问以这个用户名开头的所有的topic；这样不管以后新加topic还是新加用户，都不用再新加rule了。遗憾的是目前kafka还是不支持这个功能。类似：

在数学中国上有呀！

如何决定kafka集群中topic,partition的数量，这是许多kafka用户经常遇到的问题。本文列举阐述几个重要的决定因素，以提供一些参考。分区多吞吐量更高一个话题topic的各个分区partiton之间是并行的。在producer和broker方面，写不同的分区是完全并行的。因此一些昂贵的操作比如压缩，可以获得更多的资源，因为有多个进程。在consumer方面，一个分区的数据可以由一个consumer线程在拉去数据。分区多，并行的consumer（同一个消费组）也可以多。因此通常，分区越多吞吐量越高。基于吞吐量可以获得一个粗略的计算公式。先测量得到在只有一个分区的情况下，Producer的吞吐量(P)和Consumer的吞吐量(C)。那如果总的目标吞吐量是T的话，max(T/P,T/C)就是需要的最小分区数。在单分区的情况下，Producer的吞吐量可以通过一些配置参数，比如bath的大小、副本的数量、压缩格式、ack类型来测得。而Consumer的吞吐量通常取决于应用程序处理每一天消息逻辑。这些都是需要切合实际测量。随着时间推移数据量的增长可能会需要增加分区。有一点需要注意的是，Producer者发布消息通过key取哈希后映射分发到一个指定的分区，当分区数发生变化后，会带来key和分区映射关系发生变化。可能某些应用程序依赖key和分区映射关系，映射关系变化了，程序就需要做相应的调整。为了避免这种key和分区关系带来的应用程序修改。所以在分区的时候尽量提前考虑，未来一年或两年的对分区数据量的要求。除了吞吐量，还有一些其他的因素，在定分区的数目时是值得考虑的。在某些情况下，太多的分区也可能会产生负面影响。

1studying in China and abroad 在中国学习和海外留学2Friendship and love友情和爱情

introductory topics入门话题例句1.Provides links to introductory topics on controls and what you can do with them.提供到关于控件以及使用这些控件可完成的操作的介绍性主题的链接。2.Discover what"s new in Windows Vista with these product overviews and introductory topics.通过以下产品概述和介绍性主题了解WindowsVista中的新增内容。3.The first chapter is introductory, the main topics of this paper describes the background and significance, innovation, and shortcomings.第一章为导论，主要介绍了本文的选题背景及意义，创新和不足之处。4.Introductory content covers such topics as the health care system, communication, nursing processes, and client teaching.介绍内容包括在医疗系统，通信，护理过程等议题，和客户端教学。5.However, this introductory tutorial does not cover application development topics in detail.不过，本文不会详细介绍有关应用程序开发的内容。

其他的

topic 是可数的。

译文：1.科技发展日新月异，给我们的日常生活带来巨大的变化。由于科技的发展，人类在将来会有更多的自由还是相反更少呢？请陈述你的观点。2.哪些事情可以被称作艺术？你认为艺术是应该被大多数人所理解和分享呢还是仅仅为一少部分艺术家懂得就够了？请陈述你的理由。3.假设你是一个报纸编辑，你会选择编辑哪种类型的报纸，大篇幅报纸还是小型画报？你认为对于报纸来说什么是最为重要的，市场，可靠的新闻或者其他的什么？请用英文陈述你的理由！望采纳！

= =十二工作室= =

B It 作形式主语. 看起来她对她们谈论的话题不感兴趣.

意思是：主题。英［＇tu0252pu026ak］释义：n.主题（等于theme）；题目；一般规则；总论［复数：topics］短语：topic sentence主题句；中心句；正题句；三种主题句表达模板词源解说：直接源自拉丁语的Topica，意为主题。扩展资料：词语辨析：issue，subject，theme，topic这些名词均有“主题、话题”之意。1、issue指有争论、议论，急需讨论研究的热点话题。2、subject一般用词，使用广泛。指书籍、文章、演讲、讨论等所隐含的、暗示的，需要由读者或听众推断的主题或中心话题。3、theme系正式用词，多指文学、艺术作品的主题，或论文、演说的主题。4、topic普通用词，含义广泛，但其范畴小于subject。既可指文章、讲话的题目，谈话的内容，又可指提纲中的标题甚至段落的主题或中心思想。

主题

topic主题，题目

　　1、topic n.话题; 题目; 标题。 　　2、[例句]The main topic of conversation was Toms new girlfriend.交谈的主要话题是汤姆的新女友。 　　3、[其他]复数：topics。

topic是一个英语名词，它的意思是话题，题目，标题。复数：topics 　　 扩展资料 　　topic同义词辨析 　　topic与issue，subject，theme这些名词均有“主题、话题”之意，具体区别如下： 　　topic是普通用词，含义广泛，但其范畴小于subject。既可指文章、讲话的题目，谈话的内容，又可指提纲中的标题甚至段落的主题或中心思想。 　　issue指有争论、议论，急需讨论研究的热点话题。 　　subject是一般用词，使用广泛。指书籍、文章、演讲、讨论等所隐含的、暗示的，需要由读者或听众推断的.主题或中心话题。 　　theme是正式用词，多指文学、艺术作品的主题，或论文、演说的主题。 　　topic例句分享 　　The main topic for discussion is political union. 　　讨论的主题是政治联合。 　　The topic seemed to have a fascination for her. 　　这个题目似乎对她很有吸引力。

topics英语读：/"tɑp_k/。例句：1、He had exhausted conversation topics and signed off.要讲的话都讲完后便不再开口了。2、Politics and religion are daily topics of conversation.政治和宗教是人们平常交谈的主要话题。3、They discussed the weather and other topics.他们讨论了气候和其他的话题。

歌曲名:Topics 歌手:Nevertheless专辑:In The Making...Topics for the light we sike great youGet the tiree where she cry the sleepI herd sayThe skow get winde oneI loney see the neke fere clke the OKBut not sure OKAnd we for the tipeThey me the cay time sinkeWhere new the srope And everyone other knowWe sike we now newThey fill hard ploodCause"s every what knowwe shose what sock by we canIt"s ture lineAnd side we canIt"s ture lineHe"s can be the class cost heastHoppile pI herd say lay now clock"s othe dayI herd sayThe skow get winde oneI loney see the neke fere clke the OKBut not sure OKAnd we for the tipeThey me the cay time sinkeWhere new the srope And everyone other knowWe sike we now newThey fill hard ploodCause"s every what knowwe shose what sock by we canIt"s ture lineIt"s ture lineCoat coat save we have be had fill the by manTo desk lineThe fill we shide and othe fill closeThey mills closeWhy did you closeAnd we for the tipeThey me the cay time sinkeWhere new the sropeAnd everyone other knowWe sike we now newThey fill hard ploodCause"s every what knowwe shose what sock by we canhttp://music.baidu.com/song/25412489

topicof属于...交谈话题thetopicoftheday今日话题TheweatherisaconstanttopicofconversationinAlaska.天气在阿拉斯加是一个永恒的交谈话题。

Topic that the audience don"t know much about.===Topic related to people"s well beings.===Topic that may interest your audience.===Topic that is meaningful to not only yourself, but more people- people of different ages, genders, majors and cultures.

　　1. Please talk about the importance of time. What"s your view on it? 　　2. Green food is now becoming more and more popular. Do you know why? And can you say something about the changes in people"s diet nowadays? 　　3. Your best friend"s sister is going to marry an American, and you two talk about the marriage across nations. 　　4. Finding a job, further study or going abroad, which will you choose and how do you prepare to achieve the goal? 　　5. You find your best friend is smoking, and you want to stop him /her, so you talk with him /her about the harm of smoking and try to persuade him /her to quit smoking. 　　6. “The thinner, the better?” You are free to exchange your views on beauty. 　　7. How would you like to get rid of your stress in daily life? Please share your experiences with your partner. 　　8. Live to work or live to enjoy? You are required to present your opinions to your partner. 　　9. How do you understand “Green Olympics”, what do you think is our duty to achieve this goal? 　　10. Campus marriage: good or bad? 　　11. Do you think surfing on the Internet can help you? And how? 　　12. Do you believe in love at first sight? What"s your definition of “true love”? 　　13. What can you do to resist temptation(诱惑) when shopping? (Your partner is crazy about each hot item on sale, while you are rather sensible and are ready to give some advice.) 　　14. Do you have a mobile phone? If you do, do you think it"s good or bad? If you don"t, would you like to buy one? Why? 　　15. Do you like developing friendship or love with a key pal(网友)? Why or why not? 　　16. Is it better for a woman to find a good husband than to find a good job? You two are on opposite sides and are supposed to give your own opinions. 　　17. If you got 5,000,000 Yuan by winning lottery ticket, what will you do? Share your opinion with your partner. 　　18. “Laughter is the best medicine.” You two can discuss it freely. 　　19. Do you think there is a friendship between parents and children? How can you improve it? 　　20. Do you often judge people by appearances? How do you think about it? 　　21. My view on the value of life. 　　22.There still exists sexual discrimination against the female in job market in China. What"s your opinion on it? 　　23. Do you think honesty is going out of style ?why or why not? 　　24. Are you afraid of making mistakes? What helps you overcome them? Can you give an example? 　　25.Have you ever cheated on exams or thought of cheating on exams? What are the reasons? 　　26. What is intelligence? Does a high score in an intelligence test mean one is intelligent ? 　　27.What kind of feeling do you have when you are praised? How do you feel when you are blamed? 　　28. If a foreigner comes to visit our university, how do you make a brief introduction of our campus to him or her? 　　29. Your friends ask you to go to see a film this evening. You don"t want to go as you have a lot of homework to do. What do you say to them? 　　30. What is your idea of a qualified teacher? 　　31. What are the essential qualities to success? 　　32. Do you think what is your most difficult part when you learn English? 　　33. Can you describe the importance of self-confidence? Can you give some examples or tell your own experience about it? 　　34. What do you think a young person can learn from an old man? 　　35. Do you think who are more important, old friends or new friends? What"s the most important among friends? 　　36. Do you have any idea of the greenhouse effect? 　　37. What"s your feeling about the earthquake in Wenchuang? 　　38. When an earthquake comes, what should we do to protect ourselves? 　　39. Discuss a person you respect or admire. And why? 　　40. What can we do to build up a healthy environment? 　　41. My view on opportunity and challenge. 　　42. Discuss the difference between college life and middle school life. 　　43. Do you want to find a job you are interested in or a well-paid one? You"re free to talk about your future jobs. 　　44. What kind of TV programs do you like best? You are required to make a conversation about one of your favorite TV programs you have watched recently? 　　45. How do you define “Happiness”? 　　46. Have you ever taken part in a certain elective course? How is it going on? Why did you choose it? Do you benefit a lot from it? 　　47. What kind of physical challenges do you enjoy best? Describe the excitement of that activity. And how about mental challenges? (Reference words: mountaineering, skating, car racing, chess games, marketing, etc.) 　　48. What"s your own way of spending two-day weekend? Anything special? You are welcome to name some advisable choices for our weekend. 　　49. What is your favorate holiday? (reference: Spring Festival ,Moon"s Day, Thanksgiving Day, Easter , Christmas, etc.) 　　50. Do you love traveling? What places of interest have you ever been to? Please share your traveling experiences with your partner and tell him or her what you learn from it?

如何决定kafka集群中topic,partition的数量，这是许多kafka用户经常遇到的问题。本文列举阐述几个重要的决定因素，以提供一些参考。 分区多吞吐量更高 一个话题topic的各个分区partiton之间是并行的。在producer和broker方面，写不同的分区是完全并行的。因此一些昂贵的操作比如压缩，可以获得更多的资源，因为有多个进程。在consumer方面，一个分区的数据可以由一个consumer线程在拉去数据。分区多，并行的consumer（同一个消费组）也可以多。因此通常，分区越多吞吐量越高。 基于吞吐量可以获得一个粗略的计算公式。先测量得到在只有一个分区的情况下，Producer的吞吐量(P)和Consumer的吞吐量(C)。那如果总的目标吞吐量是T的话，max(T/P,T/C)就是需要的最小分区数。在单分区的情况下，Producer的吞吐量可以通过一些配置参数，比如bath的大小、副本的数量、压缩格式、ack类型来测得。而Consumer的吞吐量通常取决于应用程序处理每一天消息逻辑。这些都是需要切合实际测量。 随着时间推移数据量的增长可能会需要增加分区。有一点需要注意的是，Producer者发布消息通过key取哈希后映射分发到一个指定的分区，当分区数发生变化后，会带来key和分区映射关系发生变化。可能某些应用程序依赖key和分区映射关系，映射关系变化了，程序就需要做相应的调整。为了避免这种key和分区关系带来的应用程序修改。所以在分区的时候尽量提前考虑，未来一年或两年的对分区数据量的要求。 除了吞吐量，还有一些其他的因素，在定分区的数目时是值得考虑的。在某些情况下，太多的分区也可能会产生负面影响。 分区多需要的打开的文件句柄也多 每个分区都映射到broker上的一个目录，每个log片段都会有两个文件（一个是索引文件，另一个是实际的数据文件）。分区越多所需要的文件句柄也就越多，可以通过配置操作系统的参数增加打开文件句柄数。 分区多增加了不可用风险 kafka支持主备复制，具备更高的可用性和持久性。一个分区（partition）可以有多个副本，这些副本保存在不同的broker上。每个分区的副本中都会有一个作为Leader。当一个broker失败时，Leader在这台broker上的分区都会变得不可用，kafka会自动移除Leader，再其他副本中选一个作为新的Leader。Producer和Consumer都只会与Leader相连。 一般情况下，当一个broker被正常关机时，controller主动地将Leader从正在关机的broker上移除。移动一个Leader只需要几毫秒。然当broker出现异常导致关机时，不可用会与分区数成正比。假设一个boker上有2000个分区，每个分区有2个副本，那这样一个boker大约有1000个Leader，当boker异常宕机，会同时有1000个分区变得不可用。假设恢复一个分区需要5ms，1000个分区就要5s。 分区越多，在broker异常宕机的情况，恢复所需时间会越长，不可用风险会增加。 分区多会增加点到点的延迟 这个延迟需要体现在两个boker间主备数据同步。在默认情况下，两个boker只有一个线程负责数据的复制。 根据经验，每个boker上的分区限制在100*b*r内（b指集群内boker的数量，r指副本数量）。 分区多会增加客户端的内存消耗 kafka0.8.2后有个比较好的特色，新的Producer可以允许用户设置一个缓冲区，缓存一定量的数据。当缓冲区数据到达设定量或者到时间，数据会从缓存区删除发往broker。如果分区很多，每个分区都缓存一定量的数据量在缓冲区，很可能会占用大量的内存，甚至超过系统内存。 Consumer也存在同样的问题，会从每个分区拉一批数据回来，分区越多，所需内存也就越大。 根据经验，应该给每个分区分配至少几十KB的内存。 总结 在通常情况下，增加分区可以提供kafka集群的吞吐量。然而，也应该意识到集群的总分区数或是单台服务器上的分区数过多，会增加不可用及延迟的风险。

如何决定kafka集群中topic,partition的数量，这是许多kafka用户经常遇到的问题。本文列举阐述几个重要的决定因素，以提供一些参考。 分区多吞吐量更高 一个话题topic的各个分区partiton之间是并行的。在producer和broker方面，写不同的分区是完全并行的。因此一些昂贵的操作比如压缩，可以获得更多的资源，因为有多个进程。在consumer方面，一个分区的数据可以由一个consumer线程在拉去数据。分区多，并行的consumer（同一个消费组）也可以多。因此通常，分区越多吞吐量越高。 基于吞吐量可以获得一个粗略的计算公式。先测量得到在只有一个分区的情况下，Producer的吞吐量(P)和Consumer的吞吐量(C)。那如果总的目标吞吐量是T的话，max(T/P,T/C)就是需要的最小分区数。在单分区的情况下，Producer的吞吐量可以通过一些配置参数，比如bath的大小、副本的数量、压缩格式、ack类型来测得。而Consumer的吞吐量通常取决于应用程序处理每一天消息逻辑。这些都是需要切合实际测量。 随着时间推移数据量的增长可能会需要增加分区。有一点需要注意的是，Producer者发布消息通过key取哈希后映射分发到一个指定的分区，当分区数发生变化后，会带来key和分区映射关系发生变化。可能某些应用程序依赖key和分区映射关系，映射关系变化了，程序就需要做相应的调整。为了避免这种key和分区关系带来的应用程序修改。所以在分区的时候尽量提前考虑，未来一年或两年的对分区数据量的要求。 除了吞吐量，还有一些其他的因素，在定分区的数目时是值得考虑的。在某些情况下，太多的分区也可能会产生负面影响。 分区多需要的打开的文件句柄也多 每个分区都映射到broker上的一个目录，每个log片段都会有两个文件（一个是索引文件，另一个是实际的数据文件）。分区越多所需要的文件句柄也就越多，可以通过配置操作系统的参数增加打开文件句柄数。 分区多增加了不可用风险 kafka支持主备复制，具备更高的可用性和持久性。一个分区（partition）可以有多个副本，这些副本保存在不同的broker上。每个分区的副本中都会有一个作为Leader。当一个broker失败时，Leader在这台broker上的分区都会变得不可用，kafka会自动移除Leader，再其他副本中选一个作为新的Leader。Producer和Consumer都只会与Leader相连。 一般情况下，当一个broker被正常关机时，controller主动地将Leader从正在关机的broker上移除。移动一个Leader只需要几毫秒。然当broker出现异常导致关机时，不可用会与分区数成正比。假设一个boker上有2000个分区，每个分区有2个副本，那这样一个boker大约有1000个Leader，当boker异常宕机，会同时有1000个分区变得不可用。假设恢复一个分区需要5ms，1000个分区就要5s。 分区越多，在broker异常宕机的情况，恢复所需时间会越长，不可用风险会增加。 分区多会增加点到点的延迟 这个延迟需要体现在两个boker间主备数据同步。在默认情况下，两个boker只有一个线程负责数据的复制。 根据经验，每个boker上的分区限制在100*b*r内（b指集群内boker的数量，r指副本数量）。 分区多会增加客户端的内存消耗 kafka0.8.2后有个比较好的特色，新的Producer可以允许用户设置一个缓冲区，缓存一定量的数据。当缓冲区数据到达设定量或者到时间，数据会从缓存区删除发往broker。如果分区很多，每个分区都缓存一定量的数据量在缓冲区，很可能会占用大量的内存，甚至超过系统内存。 Consumer也存在同样的问题，会从每个分区拉一批数据回来，分区越多，所需内存也就越大。 根据经验，应该给每个分区分配至少几十KB的内存。 总结 在通常情况下，增加分区可以提供kafka集群的吞吐量。然而，也应该意识到集群的总分区数或是单台服务器上的分区数过多，会增加不可用及延迟的风险。

一、词义辨析不同1、topic指谈话的话题或文章的题目。例：Theaccidentwasthesoletopicofconversation.那事故是谈话的唯一话题。2、subject着重指文章、书籍、画或谈话等所涉及对象的题目或主题。例：Thearticlehasnotexhaustedthesubject.这篇文章并没有把这个问题讲透。二、词义广泛性不一样topic英 ["tɒpɪk] 美 ["tɑpɪk] n.主题；题目；一般规则；总论subject英 [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] 美 [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] 1、n.主题；科目；[语]主语；国民2、adj.服从的；易患…的；受制于…的3、vt.使…隶属；使屈从于…三、变形词不一样topic只有复数：topicssubject第三人称单数：subjects复数：subjects现在分词：subjecting过去式：subjected过去分词：subjected

你是什么意思？

matter，topic，thing，title此事，主题，事，标题

物理是一门理科性很强的学科，如果同学是基础不是很好的话，建议选择的时候谨慎~和数学不一样，物理是真的难！！IB Physics物理的SL难度在所有的IB Group 4学科中，Physics是公认的最难的学科，HL Physics更是常年高居IB Hierarchy金字塔尖仅次于IB Daddies的位置，以难度俯瞰其他众学科。IB Physics物理学习内容规划SL的学生会学所有SL的topics，HL的学生会学所有SL+HL的topics。所有物理学生都必修Option里其中一个topic。所有topics的分值都差不多，因此要每一个topic都熟练掌握了才能考高分。每一个topic的内容多少不一样，详情参考IBO里每个Topic Allocate的小时数：对于选Option，因为IB不会因为难度而给你多加分，尽量选最简单的。个人认为选Imaging最划算，内容最容易理解，需要计算的部分很少，HL的部分也很少。IB Physics物理想拿到7分难吗？想拿到7分也不是不可能，如果同学们在能吃透所有知识点的基础上，多多练习题目刷题。以及最重要的就是能掌握考试的技巧是非常关键的。

Kafka最核心的思想是使用磁盘，而不是使用内存。经过了解发现磁盘的顺序读写速度和内存持平。而且Linux对于磁盘的读写优化也比较多，包括read-ahead和write-behind，磁盘缓存等。如果在内存做这些操作的时候，一个是JAVA对象的内存开销很大，另一个是随着堆内存数据的增多，JAVA的GC时间会变得很长，使用磁盘操作有以下几个好处：1、磁盘缓存由Linux系统维护，减少了程序员的不少工作。2、磁盘顺序读写速度超过内存随机读写。3、JVM的GC效率低，内存占用大。使用磁盘可以避免这一问题。4、系统冷启动后，磁盘缓存依然可用。

Looping in somebody相当于+Somebody

下面的题目除外

1. 新视野大学英语第三册第三单元课后作文范文 There are some key steps in career planning. The first one is to study yourself. Understanding what you are like, what you value, and what you bee is the foundation for career planning. In studying yourself, you examine your strengths, your weaknesses and your goals. The second step is to write your career goals down. Write something down may lead to new ideas and may help you see your possibilities. Another step is to review your plans and progress periodically. This may help you see how you have done so far and help you realize what steps to take next. Planning further steps can help you face new changes. Talking with your friends helps you improve your career plans and make them work。 2. 新视野大学英语第三册第三单元课后作文范文 There are some key steps in career planning. The first one is to study yourself. Understanding what you are like, what you value, and what you bee is the foundation for career planning. In studying yourself, you examine your strengths, your weaknesses and your goals. The second step is to write your career goals down. Write something down may lead to new ideas and may help you see your possibilities. Another step is to review your plans and progress periodically. This may help you see how you have done so far and help you realize what steps to take next. Planning further steps can help you face new changes. Talking with your friends helps you improve your career plans and make them work. 3. 新视野大学英语第三版读写教程1的课文精炼成一篇120到150词左右的 Some people live in some kind of life, some can not. So to be safe in their current situation may wish to live in this way, can not have to work hard to find another way out. You can not assert where you are successful, and you are not sure whether you will be happy after you have reached a certain point. Some people will never be satisfied, and his happiness is built upon the constant pursuit and struggle, so his goals are constantly shifting away. Such people may be less happy, but the success may be large.。 4. 新视野大学英语读写教程第二版第三册1~6单元作文范文 Love is a beautiful word. But, what is the real love, but I haven"t sure. Until I saw it, I understand their true meanings.In 2006 the country touched of ten love characters, there was a YaoYiDe henan people, he and his wife SunQingRong 20 years ago to hainan has by JianPoLan, dry handyman responsible for a living. Old yao five children, but since 1988, the old couple since yao successively adopted 10 abortion. He said: "when facing is a great sin, oneself eat less a bit, a bit more bitter, save a life, this multi-valued ah!"By JianPoLan living of YaoYiDe with love, to rebuild a XianZao abandoned life. In the country"s financial still cannot build perfect social security system, is YaoYiDe so of the hero, supporting the moral beliefs of our society. YaoYiDe occurrence, let countless well-fed life lost weight. YaoYiDe in his own way, showing the spirit of rich and personality of the underfoot.But in the civilization degree higher current society, do not speak social morality phenomenon, is still exist, we can easily meet these case, some people in public without courage to content, Some people always like to throw confetti rind in the sky row beautiful curve, Some people will sound to put flashy, importune nearby residents and weep; The bus from the old guy preempted disablement pregnant seat, see firsthand condole armrest, under each arm children were sway like wind-bell, still the same women feel at ease. These phenomena even more to let a person demise point. The real problem: where? Are these people who have received this aspect of education? There is no one to make model? Is this aspect of the propaganda enough? Is public morals in today"s not necessary to speak? I did not. We all look to the elsewhere and to the material things, only to obtain the happiness, but ignore the ego by giving others own passion and gain happiness.Our love is the greatest happiness of others.Love is a beautiful word. But, what is the real love, but I haven"t sure. Until I saw it, I understand their true meanings.In 2006 the country touched of ten love characters, there was a YaoYiDe henan people, he and his wife SunQingRong 20 years ago to hainan has by JianPoLan, dry handyman responsible for a living. Old yao five children, but since 1988, the old couple since yao successively adopted 10 abortion. He said: "when facing is a great sin, oneself eat less a bit, a bit more bitter, save a life, this multi-valued ah!"By JianPoLan living of YaoYiDe with love, to rebuild a XianZao abandoned life. In the country"s financial still cannot build perfect social security system, is YaoYiDe so of the hero, supporting the moral beliefs of our society. YaoYiDe occurrence, let countless well-fed life lost weight. YaoYiDe in his own way, showing the spirit of rich and personality of the underfoot.But in the civilization degree higher current society, do not speak social morality phenomenon, is still exist, we can easily meet these case, some people in public without courage to content, Some people always like to throw confetti rind in the sky row beautiful curve, Some people will sound to put flashy, importune nearby residents and weep; The bus from the old guy preempted disablement pregnant seat, see firsthand condole armrest, under each arm children were sway like wind-bell, still the same women feel at ease. These phenomena even more to let a person demise point. The real problem: where? Are these people who have received this aspect of education? There is no one to make model? Is this aspect of the propaganda enough? Is public morals in today"s not necessary to speak? I did not. We all look to the elsewhere and to the material things, only to obtain the happiness, but ignore the ego by giving others own passion and gain happiness.Our love is the greatest happiness of others.。 5. 新视野大学英语第三单元作文 What a tragic ending. Hope that the government is not just for this bustling city, at the same time make it more secure. What a tragic ending. Hope that the government is not just for this bustling city, at the same time make it more secure。 6. 新视野大学英语第三册unit1的A作文怎么写 Pollution Problem in the Region The region has been seriously polluted by harmful *** og, which proves to be the cause of many illnesses and for the climbing death rate. As a result, people have started to move out of the area. In response to the problems the local government has decided to fight against air pollution. It had closed down several factories, which were considered to be the major cause of the pollution. Many power plants have been modernized to give off less pollution and also moved further away from people"s homes so as to decrease the damage. At the same time, the local government has decided to plant trees in and around the region because trees can absorb some of the pollution 7. 求新视野大学英语读写教程3（第二版）课后作文答案 The region has been seriously polluted by harmful *** og, which proves to be the cause of many illnesses and for the climbing death rate. As a result, people have started to move out of the area. In response to the problem, the local government has decided to fight against air pollution. It has closed down several factories, which were considered to be the major cause of the pollution. Many power plants have been modernized to give off less pollution and also moved further away from people"s homes so as to decrease the damage. At the same time, the local government has decided to plant trees in and around the region because trees can absorb some of the pollution. People wele all the measures taken by the government. Consequently, more and more people have begun to move back to the region to take part in this battle for a clean environment。 8. 新视野大学英语第三单元作文 What a tragic ending. Hope that the government is not just for this bustling city, at the same time make it more secure. What a tragic ending. Hope that the government is not just for this bustling city, at the same time make it more secure. 9. 新视野大学第三版英语 1课后 more topics 的作文 Before graduation, we decide to give a gift to our school for its birthday. We had a heated discussion about what gift to give. We think we should do whatever we can to help our school. Some advise planting more trees on the ing Tree---Planting Day to make our campus more beautiful, while others hold the view that we should introduce the history of our school to friends, schoolmates or relatives. Besides, we can show them around our school to make it better known. As far as I am concerned, I"d like to study even harder for a better university. In this way, our school will be proud of us and thus we can make an even greater contribution to it.

考试题型不一样。个人能力也不一样。雅思口语和写作较难，建议自己先做一套题试试水。一个半月一般不太够。6分可能有。

如上图所示，kafaka集群的 broker，和 Consumer 都需要连接 Zookeeper。 Producer 直接连接 Broker。 Producer 把数据上传到 Broker，Producer可以指定数据有几个分区、几个备份。上面的图中，数据有两个分区 0、1，每个分区都有自己的副本：0"、 1"。 黄色的分区为 leader，白色的为 follower。 leader 处理 partition 的所有读写请求，与此同时，follower会被动定期地去复制leader上的数据。 如下图所示，红色的为 leader，绿色的为 follower，leader复制自己到其他 Broker 中： Topic 分区被放在不同的 Broker 中，保证 Producer 和 Consumer 错开访问 Broker，避免访问单个 Broker造成过度的IO压力，使得负载均衡。 Broker是分布式部署并且相互之间相互独立，但是需要有一个注册系统能够将整个集群中的Broker管理起来 ，此时就使用到了Zookeeper。在Zookeeper上会有一个专门 用来进行Broker服务器列表记录 的节点： /brokers/ids 每个Broker在启动时，都会到Zookeeper上进行注册，即到/brokers/ids下创建属于自己的节点，如/brokers/ids/[0...N]。 Kafka使用了全局唯一的数字来指代每个Broker服务器，不同的Broker必须使用不同的Broker ID进行注册，创建完节点后， 每个Broker就会将自己的IP地址和端口信息记录 到该节点中去。其中，Broker创建的节点类型是临时节点，一旦Broker宕机，则对应的临时节点也会被自动删除。 在Kafka中，同一个 Topic的消息会被分成多个分区 并将其分布在多个Broker上， 这些分区信息及与Broker的对应关系 也都是由Zookeeper在维护，由专门的节点来记录，如： /borkers/topics Kafka中每个Topic都会以/brokers/topics/[topic]的形式被记录，如/brokers/topics/login和/brokers/topics/search等。Broker服务器启动后，会到对应Topic节点（/brokers/topics）上注册自己的Broker ID并写入针对该Topic的分区总数，如/brokers/topics/login/3->2，这个节点表示Broker ID为3的一个Broker服务器，对于"login"这个Topic的消息，提供了2个分区进行消息存储，同样，这个分区节点也是临时节点。 由于同一个Topic消息会被分区并将其分布在多个Broker上，因此， 生产者需要将消息合理地发送到这些分布式的Broker上 ，那么如何实现生产者的负载均衡，Kafka支持传统的四层负载均衡，也支持Zookeeper方式实现负载均衡。 (1) 四层负载均衡，根据生产者的IP地址和端口来为其确定一个相关联的Broker。通常，一个生产者只会对应单个Broker，然后该生产者产生的消息都发往该Broker。这种方式逻辑简单，每个生产者不需要同其他系统建立额外的TCP连接，只需要和Broker维护单个TCP连接即可。但是，其无法做到真正的负载均衡，因为实际系统中的每个生产者产生的消息量及每个Broker的消息存储量都是不一样的，如果有些生产者产生的消息远多于其他生产者的话，那么会导致不同的Broker接收到的消息总数差异巨大，同时，生产者也无法实时感知到Broker的新增和删除。 (2) 使用Zookeeper进行负载均衡，由于每个Broker启动时，都会完成Broker注册过程，生产者会通过该节点的变化来动态地感知到Broker服务器列表的变更，这样就可以实现动态的负载均衡机制。 与生产者类似，Kafka中的消费者同样需要进行负载均衡来实现多个消费者合理地从对应的Broker服务器上接收消息，每个消费者分组包含若干消费者， 每条消息都只会发送给分组中的一个消费者 ，不同的消费者分组消费自己特定的Topic下面的消息，互不干扰。 消费组 (Consumer Group)： consumer group 下有多个 Consumer（消费者）。 对于每个消费者组 (Consumer Group)，Kafka都会为其分配一个全局唯一的Group ID，Group 内部的所有消费者共享该 ID。订阅的topic下的每个分区只能分配给某个 group 下的一个consumer(当然该分区还可以被分配给其他group)。 同时，Kafka为每个消费者分配一个Consumer ID，通常采用"Hostname:UUID"形式表示。 在Kafka中，规定了 每个消息分区 只能被同组的一个消费者进行消费 ，因此，需要在 Zookeeper 上记录 消息分区 与 Consumer 之间的关系，每个消费者一旦确定了对一个消息分区的消费权力，需要将其Consumer ID 写入到 Zookeeper 对应消息分区的临时节点上，例如： /consumers/[group_id]/owners/[topic]/[broker_id-partition_id] 其中，[broker_id-partition_id]就是一个 消息分区 的标识，节点内容就是该 消息分区 上 消费者的Consumer ID。 在消费者对指定消息分区进行消息消费的过程中， 需要定时地将分区消息的消费进度Offset记录到Zookeeper上 ，以便在该消费者进行重启或者其他消费者重新接管该消息分区的消息消费后，能够从之前的进度开始继续进行消息消费。Offset在Zookeeper中由一个专门节点进行记录，其节点路径为: /consumers/[group_id]/offsets/[topic]/[broker_id-partition_id] 节点内容就是Offset的值。 消费者服务器在初始化启动时加入消费者分组的步骤如下 注册到消费者分组。每个消费者服务器启动时，都会到Zookeeper的指定节点下创建一个属于自己的消费者节点，例如/consumers/[group_id]/ids/[consumer_id]，完成节点创建后，消费者就会将自己订阅的Topic信息写入该临时节点。 对 消费者分组 中的 消费者 的变化注册监听 。每个 消费者 都需要关注所属 消费者分组 中其他消费者服务器的变化情况，即对/consumers/[group_id]/ids节点注册子节点变化的Watcher监听，一旦发现消费者新增或减少，就触发消费者的负载均衡。 对Broker服务器变化注册监听 。消费者需要对/broker/ids/[0-N]中的节点进行监听，如果发现Broker服务器列表发生变化，那么就根据具体情况来决定是否需要进行消费者负载均衡。 进行消费者负载均衡 。为了让同一个Topic下不同分区的消息尽量均衡地被多个 消费者 消费而进行 消费者 与 消息 分区分配的过程，通常，对于一个消费者分组，如果组内的消费者服务器发生变更或Broker服务器发生变更，会发出消费者负载均衡。 以下是kafka在zookeep中的详细存储结构图： 早期版本的 kafka 用 zk 做 meta 信息存储，consumer 的消费状态，group 的管理以及 offse t的值。考虑到zk本身的一些因素以及整个架构较大概率存在单点问题，新版本中确实逐渐弱化了zookeeper的作用。新的consumer使用了kafka内部的group coordination协议，也减少了对zookeeper的依赖

开始用英语交谈，应避免在哪些议题？