圣诞快乐用英文怎么写？

Merry~chrismas

圣诞快乐英文：Merry ChristmasI just wanted to wish you a merry Christmas. 我只想祝福你圣诞快乐。Merry Christmas, everyone. 祝大家圣诞快乐！Merry Christmas, Mom. 妈妈，圣诞快乐！

Merry Christmas

圣诞快乐的英文是：Merry Christmas，Xmas是圣诞节的英语「Christmas」的意思，写法还有X"mas（东亚地区用得较多）。由来是在古时候在欧洲专和中东地区，不同宗属教的信徒之间经常引起争执，佊此存有敌意，佊此也看不起对方。非基督徒就故意用X来代替Christ，于是将Christmas写成Xmas，用作蔑视基督教徒或耶稣的写法。但巧合的是，Christ的希腊文是Xristos，第一个字母是X。后来的人见写Xmas比写Christmas方便，出于懒惰便渐渐写成Xmas。扩展资料：在国外，圣诞节的地位相当于中国的春节，他们过节的习俗也是新奇又有趣。比如奥地利，会在圣诞节来临前，在装满清水的瓶中插一根樱花枝。如果樱花枝在平安夜前绽放花朵，意味着好运气和好姻缘就要来了。而美国人大都喜欢很早就准备圣诞节的用品，所以美国每家商店都是人流滚滚。美国商人们也非常努力地推销他们的各种货物，普通入也愿意趁此机会弃旧更新。

Friends: sincerely wish you all a Merry Christmas!真诚地祝大家圣诞节快乐！Merry Christmas！圣诞节快乐！

Marry Christmas

圣诞节快乐：Merry Christmas。西方国家圣诞节其间挂在家门口用的装饰品，通常用绿色的枝叶或藤条（松毛、松针等）和银色的金属及金色的铃铛配以红色的缎带组成主色调绿、白、黄、红代表欢乐喜庆上面写着MERRY CHRISTMAS或者简写为X"mas圣诞节环最早出现在芬兰。一般英国家庭都喜爱自行烹调火鸡，将大量的蔬果如甘笋、西芹、洋葱、栗子等，塞进十来磅的火鸡肚子里，再在表层抹上多种香料，然后才放入焗炉烤。树干似的蛋糕（Buchedenoel）是著名的法国圣诞美食。还未发明电力以前，法国人以一棵好柴作为圣诞礼物。法国人天性浪漫，连美食的起缘也浪漫过人：从前有一个买不起圣诞礼物的年青人，在森林捡了一段木头送给情人，不但赢得芳心，而且从此平步青云。因此，树干蛋糕也成为祝愿来年好运的象征。当圣诞晚餐开始时，必须先吃一份杏仁布丁，然后才能开始吃别的东西。如果谁能吃到那枚唯一完整的杏仁，谁将是来年运气最好的一个人，通常大人们会将这枚杏仁放在最小的孩子的碗里让他们高兴。

圣诞节快乐用英语写法是Merry Christmas。Merry这一词在基督教的教义中指发自内心的喜悦。Merry Christmas的固定搭配出现于1843年狄更斯的作品《圣诞颂歌》，表示圣诞快乐的意思。“圣诞节“一词来源于“基督弥撒“的缩写。弥撒是基督教会的一种礼拜仪式。圣诞节是一个宗教节日。我们把它当作是耶稣的诞辰来庆祝，因此又名耶诞节。

int-Sulpice. Lit from beneath by banks of floodlights

圣诞快乐英文：MerryChristmas重要词汇：1、merry 英[u02c8meri] 美[u02c8meri] 释义：adj.愉快的;高兴的;(圣诞节祝贺语)圣诞快乐;微醉。短语：makemerry 行乐；宴乐。play merryhellwithsth对…造成严重影响；严重损害。例句：He was much loved for his merry nature.他快乐的天性很是招人喜欢。2、christmas 英[u02c8kru026asmu0259s] 美[u02c8kru026asmu0259s] 释义：n.圣诞节(12月25日);圣诞节期间。例句：Shops close only on Christmas Day and New Year"s Day 商店只在圣诞日和元旦停业。

我只知道Merry Christmas,一个也就够了把

Merry Christmas！

圣诞节的英文怎么说？答：Christmas day圣诞节时唱的赞美诗称为“圣诞歌”,那么圣诞歌用英文怎么表达？答：Christmas carol每到圣诞节朋友同学之间都会互赠圣诞卡片，那么圣诞卡片用英文该怎么表达呢？答：Christmas card圣诞老人是一位专门为好孩子在圣诞节前夜送上礼物的神秘人物，那么圣诞老人用英文怎么说?答：Santa Claus大家都知道圣诞老人会给大家送礼物，这个礼物就放在圣诞袜里面，那么圣诞袜用英文怎么说呢？答：Christmas stocking说起圣诞节，大家都会想起圣诞树，那么圣诞树的英文是什么？答：Christmas tree圣诞节到来时，大家见面都会互相送上祝福，那么圣诞快乐用英文怎么表达？答：Merry Christmas在西方，圣诞节都会举办晚会来庆祝，那么圣诞晚会用英文怎么说？答：Christmas party圣诞节前夕的英文是？答：Christmas Eve圣诞采购用英文怎么表达？答:Christmas shopping圣诞节节日用英文怎么说？答：Christmas season圣诞节当日，家家户户都会准备丰盛的菜肴，那么圣诞大餐的英文是?答：Christmas feast快到圣诞节的时候，工人，学生，教师都会为庆祝圣诞节而放假，那圣诞节假期用英文怎么表达？答：Christmas holiday圣诞气氛用英文怎么说?答：Christmas spirit圣诞舞会用英文怎么表达？答：Christmas dance在互联网时代，圣诞节大家都流行发邮件互赠祝福，那么圣诞邮件用英文怎么表达？答：Christmas mail

Merry Christmas！Wish you a merry Christmas day!

Merry Christmas当别人祝福我们圣诞节快乐时，我们可以回答：“Merry Christmas!”或者是“The same to you, too!”扩展资料：例句：祝你和你的家人圣诞节快乐！Merry Christmas to you and your family.我们祝你圣诞快乐。We wish you a merry Christmas.圣诞快乐，给世界上最好的父母!Merry Christmas to the worlds best parents!

圣诞快乐的英文写法是merry christmas。Merry Christmas、Merry X"mas、Happy Christmas都可以表示圣诞快乐。相关例句：圣诞快乐，假期到来了。Merry Christmas，The holiday arrives。祝我的最好的朋友圣诞快乐。Merry Christmas，my best friend。

merry Christmas.在英国，每逢圣诞佳节。最先开始的圣诞活动就是圣诞点灯，每年大概在11月中旬开始，英国各地的圣诞灯就会相继点亮。亮灯仪式上不仅会点亮带有独特圣诞设计的街灯，还会有歌舞表演，有些地方还会有烟花。除了大街上的圣诞装潢，也别错过各大百货商场的橱窗装饰，能看到很多非常精致独特的一景。那么随着圣诞街灯的点亮，最受欢迎的圣诞集市也会陆续开起来。在这一天的晚上，英国人享受完圣诞大餐后，会成群结队地来到大街上，欣赏商铺挂出的街灯，享受圣诞之夜带来的欢庆和祥和。

回答和翻译如下：Merry Chirstmas.圣诞快乐。（ 音译 ：麦瑞 ，克瑞斯马斯 。）

Merry Christmas英音[u02c8meri u02c8kru026asmu0259s]美音[u02c8meri u02c8kru026asmu0259s]圣诞快乐英语祝福语：1、We Wish You Merry Christmas;Merry Christmas to You;Merry ChristmasJudy Garland;wish you all a merry christmas.祝你圣诞快乐2、we wish you a merry christmas;wishing you a beautiful holiday season.我们祝你圣诞快乐3、Hope all your Christmas dreams come true!愿你所有的圣诞梦想都成真！4、Hope you enjoy the happiness of Christmas and all the trimmings.祝你享尽圣诞佳节的快乐和圣诞的礼品。5、Warm hearted wishes for an old fashioned Christmas and a happy New Year filled with all your favorite things.传统佳节之际，献上圣诞的殷殷祝福，祝新年万事如意！6、I wish you a merry Christmas. All affection and best wishes to you and yours.以我所有的爱心与真诚祝你及全家圣诞快乐。7、In the season of joy I present my sincere wishes and kind thoughts. May the kind of Christmas outshine all the rest.在这欢乐的时节给你我最真的祝福和亲切的思念，愿你今年的圣诞比往年更璀璨。8、May the Christmas be a time of laughter and real enjoyment for you. Best wishes.愿圣诞不仅是你欢笑的时刻，更是你欣喜的日子。祝福你。9、May the glow of Christmas candle fill your heart with peace and pleasure and make your New Year bright. Have a love filled Christmas and New Year!愿圣诞的烛光带给你祥和与喜悦，祝你的圣诞和新年充满爱。10、May the bright and festive glow of Christmas candle warm the days all the year through. Hoping you will have a wonderful time enjoying Christmas Day and wishing you a New Year that is happy in every way.愿明亮喜庆的圣诞烛光温暖一年中的每个日日夜夜，祝你欢欢喜喜度圣诞，高高兴兴过新年！11、Christmas time is here. I hope you have a wonderful New Year. May every day hold happy hours for you.圣诞来临，祝新年快乐，愿你时时刻刻幸福欢乐！12、May your Christmas be filled with special moment, warmth, peace and happiness, the joy of covered ones near, and wishing you all the joys of Christmas and a year of happiness.愿你的圣诞充满温馨，祥和，与亲人团聚的快乐，祝圣诞乐陶陶，新年乐无限。13、Warm greetings and best wishes for happiness and good luck in the coming year.衷心祝福来年快乐、幸运！14、Christmas should be a time of banked-up fines, the scent of flowers and wine, good talk, good memories andloyalties renewed. But if all else is lacking – love will do.圣诞是这样美好的时光：炉火熊熊，花儿芬芳，醇酒飘香，殷殷祝福，美好回忆，恩爱日新。即便没有一切，只要有爱便足矣。15、May the beauty and joy of Christmas remain with you throughout the new year!愿圣诞美景与欢乐常伴随你！16、Christmas greetings and best wishes!致圣诞贺忱与最美好的祝福！17、Wishing you every happiness when Christmas is near, and expressing appreciation for your cares andconcerns during the year.圣诞即将来临，祝你快乐幸福，对你一年来的关心和照顾表示衷心的感谢。18、Thinking of you at Christmas with a wish that is warm and sincere. Have a wonderful Christmas andjoyous New Year!以真挚热诚的祝福，在圣诞之际思念你。祝圣诞快乐，新年快乐！19、Forget, forgive, for who may say that Christmas day may ever come to host or guest again. Touch hands!愿知道圣诞节会不断来临的人们，忘却和宽恕以往的一切不快，让我们携手共进吧！20、A wish for a truly merry Christmas and may the joy of Christmas linger in your heart all the year!圣诞快乐！愿圣诞的喜悦整年萦绕你心间！

Merry Christmas

圣诞快乐 Merry Christmas 例句: 谨向我们所有的读者敬祝圣诞快乐! A merry Xmas to all our readers! 他给父母打电话祝他们“圣诞快乐”。

merry christmas

圣诞快乐英文：Merry Christmas!圣诞节是为了庆祝耶稣的出生而设立的，但圣经中却从未提及耶稣出生在这一天，甚至很多历史学家认为耶稣是出生在春天的。直到公元3世纪，12月25日才被官方定为圣诞节。尽管如此，还是有一些东正教把1月6日、1月7日定为圣诞节。圣诞老人是圣诞节的典型标志，据说他的原型在历史上确有真人。他是生活在公元4世纪米拉城的主教圣尼古拉斯，公元四世纪的时候，尼古拉斯出生在小亚细亚巴大拉城，他家庭富有，父母都是非常热心的天主教友，但不幸的是他的父母都早逝。尼古拉斯长大以后，把丰富的财产部捐送给贫苦可怜的人，自己则出家修道，献身教会，终生为社会服务。尼古拉斯后来作了神父，而且还升为主教。他一生当中做了很多慈善的工作，他最喜欢在暗中帮助穷人，圣诞老人是他后来的别号，这个名字是出自他暗中送钱，帮助三个女孩子的故事。尼古拉斯死后被尊为圣徒，是一位身穿红袍，头戴红帽的白胡子老头。每年圣诞节他驾着鹿拉的雪橇从北方而来，由烟囱进入各家，把圣诞礼物装在袜子里挂在孩子们的床头上或火炉前。

圣诞快乐的英文写法是merry christmas。Merry Christmas、Merry X"mas、Happy Christmas都可以表示圣诞快乐。相关例句：圣诞快乐，假期到来了。Merry Christmas，The holiday arrives。祝我的最好的朋友圣诞快乐。Merry Christmas，my best friend。

圣诞快乐的英文写法是merry christmas。Merry Christmas、Merry X"mas、Happy Christmas都可以表示圣诞快乐。相关例句：圣诞快乐，假期到来了。Merry Christmas，The holiday arrives。祝我的最好的朋友圣诞快乐。Merry Christmas，my best friend。

merry christmas

圣诞节快乐 Merry Christmas！

圣诞节快乐用英语写法是Merry Christmas。Merry这一词在基督教的教义中指发自内心的喜悦。Merry Christmas的固定搭配出现于1843年狄更斯的作品《圣诞颂歌》，表示圣诞快乐的意思。“圣诞节“一词来源于“基督弥撒“的缩写。弥撒是基督教会的一种礼拜仪式。圣诞节是一个宗教节日。我们把它当作是耶稣的诞辰来庆祝，因此又名耶诞节。

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圣诞快乐的英文是：Merry Christmas，Xmas是圣诞节的英语「Christmas」的意思，写法还有X"mas（东亚地区用得较多）。由来是在古时候在欧洲专和中东地区，不同宗属教的信徒之间经常引起争执，佊此存有敌意，佊此也看不起对方。非基督徒就故意用X来代替Christ，于是将Christmas写成Xmas，用作蔑视基督教徒或耶稣的写法。但巧合的是，Christ的希腊文是Xristos，第一个字母是X。后来的人见写Xmas比写Christmas方便，出于懒惰便渐渐写成Xmas。扩展资料：在国外，圣诞节的地位相当于中国的春节，他们过节的习俗也是新奇又有趣。比如奥地利，会在圣诞节来临前，在装满清水的瓶中插一根樱花枝。如果樱花枝在平安夜前绽放花朵，意味着好运气和好姻缘就要来了。而美国人大都喜欢很早就准备圣诞节的用品，所以美国每家商店都是人流滚滚。美国商人们也非常努力地推销他们的各种货物，普通入也愿意趁此机会弃旧更新。

Merry Christmas英音[u02c8meri u02c8kru026asmu0259s]美音[u02c8meri u02c8kru026asmu0259s]圣诞快乐英语祝福语：1、We Wish You Merry Christmas;Merry Christmas to You;Merry ChristmasJudy Garland;wish you all a merry christmas.祝你圣诞快乐2、we wish you a merry christmas;wishing you a beautiful holiday season.我们祝你圣诞快乐3、Hope all your Christmas dreams come true!愿你所有的圣诞梦想都成真！4、Hope you enjoy the happiness of Christmas and all the trimmings.祝你享尽圣诞佳节的快乐和圣诞的礼品。5、Warm hearted wishes for an old fashioned Christmas and a happy New Year filled with all your favorite things.传统佳节之际，献上圣诞的殷殷祝福，祝新年万事如意！6、I wish you a merry Christmas. All affection and best wishes to you and yours.以我所有的爱心与真诚祝你及全家圣诞快乐。7、In the season of joy I present my sincere wishes and kind thoughts. May the kind of Christmas outshine all the rest.在这欢乐的时节给你我最真的祝福和亲切的思念，愿你今年的圣诞比往年更璀璨。8、May the Christmas be a time of laughter and real enjoyment for you. Best wishes.愿圣诞不仅是你欢笑的时刻，更是你欣喜的日子。祝福你。9、May the glow of Christmas candle fill your heart with peace and pleasure and make your New Year bright. Have a love filled Christmas and New Year!愿圣诞的烛光带给你祥和与喜悦，祝你的圣诞和新年充满爱。10、May the bright and festive glow of Christmas candle warm the days all the year through. Hoping you will have a wonderful time enjoying Christmas Day and wishing you a New Year that is happy in every way.愿明亮喜庆的圣诞烛光温暖一年中的每个日日夜夜，祝你欢欢喜喜度圣诞，高高兴兴过新年！11、Christmas time is here. I hope you have a wonderful New Year. May every day hold happy hours for you.圣诞来临，祝新年快乐，愿你时时刻刻幸福欢乐！12、May your Christmas be filled with special moment, warmth, peace and happiness, the joy of covered ones near, and wishing you all the joys of Christmas and a year of happiness.愿你的圣诞充满温馨，祥和，与亲人团聚的快乐，祝圣诞乐陶陶，新年乐无限。13、Warm greetings and best wishes for happiness and good luck in the coming year.衷心祝福来年快乐、幸运！14、Christmas should be a time of banked-up fines, the scent of flowers and wine, good talk, good memories andloyalties renewed. But if all else is lacking – love will do.圣诞是这样美好的时光：炉火熊熊，花儿芬芳，醇酒飘香，殷殷祝福，美好回忆，恩爱日新。即便没有一切，只要有爱便足矣。15、May the beauty and joy of Christmas remain with you throughout the new year!愿圣诞美景与欢乐常伴随你！16、Christmas greetings and best wishes!致圣诞贺忱与最美好的祝福！17、Wishing you every happiness when Christmas is near, and expressing appreciation for your cares andconcerns during the year.圣诞即将来临，祝你快乐幸福，对你一年来的关心和照顾表示衷心的感谢。18、Thinking of you at Christmas with a wish that is warm and sincere. Have a wonderful Christmas andjoyous New Year!以真挚热诚的祝福，在圣诞之际思念你。祝圣诞快乐，新年快乐！19、Forget, forgive, for who may say that Christmas day may ever come to host or guest again. Touch hands!愿知道圣诞节会不断来临的人们，忘却和宽恕以往的一切不快，让我们携手共进吧！20、A wish for a truly merry Christmas and may the joy of Christmas linger in your heart all the year!圣诞快乐！愿圣诞的喜悦整年萦绕你心间！

Merry Christmas!

Merry Christmas

MERRyCITR|S丅MAS⑤

Merry Christmasuff01

英语一般有两种说法:① Merry Christmas！② Happy Christmas！

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圣诞快乐的英文字是Merry Christmas或Happy Christmas 或Merry X"mas或Joyeux Noel。例句如下：1、All I wanted was to be able to say "Merry Christmas" or to acknowledge no holidays, " she said Tuesday. " 我只想对别人说声圣诞快乐，而不是承认什么节假日。2、Laura and I wish every American family the blessings of this season, happy holidays, and a merry Christmas. 我和劳拉祝愿所有的美国家庭节日好运、假期愉快、圣诞快乐。3、It was one of the last days before Christmas, and the assistants in the large store had their hands full serving eager Christmas shoppers. 圣诞快乐那是圣诞前的一天，在一所大商店里，售货员都忙着为那些渴望购物的顾客服务。4、Happy Christmas to you and a year thats happy, too! 愿你圣诞快乐，新年同样欢乐！Christmas原是“基督弥撒 Christmass”的缩写，传说12月25日是耶稣的生日，在这一天，世界各地的天主教会都要举行弥撒纪念耶稣的生日。现在，12月25日就相当于中国的大年初一，人们在圣诞节期间互相祝福，期盼欢乐的新年来临。圣诞节还引申了一系列的俚语，如下所示：1、Eat, drink and be merry. 吃好喝好。2、Cancel someone"s Christmas.狠狠教训某人。3、Like turkeys voting for (an early) Christmas. 字面意思“就像火鸡支持过圣诞节”，指某个举动或决定是无望地自我拆台。

Merry Christmas!

圣诞节快乐对应的英文是：Merry Christmas！也可以翻译为圣诞快乐！圣诞节的由来圣诞节是每年公历时间12月25日，是西方国家的一个很重要的传统节日，是基督教纪念耶稣诞生的日子。但事实上，《圣经》上并没有记载12月25日是耶稣诞生的日期，这一天，其实是原罗马帝国规定的太阳神的生辰，基督教徒认为耶稣是正义、永恒的太阳，所以就把这一天定为耶稣的生日来庆祝，慢慢地这个节日就演变成为圣诞节。圣诞老人圣诞老人是西方神话传说中的人物，传说中圣诞老人会在圣诞节前夜悄悄地给孩子们送礼物，这个神秘的老人被普遍认为是基督教的圣徒圣.尼古拉斯。相传公元四世纪，出生于小亚细亚马大拉城的尼古拉斯，是富贵之人，父母很有爱心的天主教徒，可惜早逝。尼古拉斯继承了父母的财产，长大之后，善良的尼古拉斯就把财产全部捐给了那些有生活贫苦的可怜人，他一生做了很多善事，喜欢暗中帮助穷人，圣诞老人就是他后来的别号，沿用至今。圣诞节有什么活动西方的圣诞节就跟我们中国的春节一样隆重。在圣诞节来临之际，西方的人们家家户户都开始为圣诞节做准备，给家里打扫卫生，购置新衣，准备圣诞树和礼物，为孩子准备圣诞节装备，张贴圣诞饰物，到处张灯结彩，到处洋溢着热闹和喜庆的气氛。圣诞节前一天12月24日被称为圣诞夜，也是平安夜，这是圣诞的开始。这一天，不少基督教徒会举行一些仪式活动，如聚会、表演、共享圣诞大餐等等。到了25日当天凌晨，教徒们就会开始在教堂做弥撒，拜耶稣。西方的孩子们就会特别期待平安夜里会有圣诞老人来给自己送礼物，所以晚上会早早洗漱上床睡觉，在床边放上大大的长筒袜，以便圣诞放礼物。圣诞节在中国最近这几年，圣诞节在中国也变得流行起来了。很多中国人也热衷过圣诞节，举行各种各样的庆祝活动，特别是那些商家们带动起来，搞得有声有色。可是我们很多中国人却忘记了这是西方的节日，把这个节日看得比中国自己的传统节日还要重要，这是不可取的。因此国家已经明文规定学校不许过度庆祝这些西方的节日。

MerryChristmas

中国共产党对现阶段纲领的概括。其科学涵义是要求把马克思主义的普遍真理同本国的具体实际结合起来，走适合中国特点的道路，逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术现代化，把中国建设成为富强、民主、文明、和谐的社会主义国家，即一方面要坚持马克思主义的基本原理，走社会主义道路；另一方面必须从中国的实际出发，不照抄、照搬别国经验、模式，而是走自己的路，具有中国特色。中国共产党依据毛泽东倡导的马克思主义普遍真理同中国具体实际相结合的原则，总结长期探索所积累的经验，特别是十一届三中全会以来的实践，深刻地认识到建设中国社会主义的规律，在十二大提出“走自己的路，建设有中国特色的社会主义”的科学论断。党的十三大、十四大和十五大对这一论断形成了一系列科学观点，制定了一系列具体政策、措施。主要内容有：解放思想，实事求是，以实践作为检验真理的唯一标准；中国所要解决的主要矛盾是人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾，党和国家的工作重点必须转移到以经济建设为中心的社会主义现代化轨道上来；建设社会主义有一个很长的初级阶段，社会主义社会的根本任务是发展生产力，集中力量实现现代化；实行社会主义市场经济；改革是社会主义社会发展的重要动力，对外开放是实现社会主义现代化的必要条件；使社会主义民主制度化、法律化，依法治国，改革和完善国家的政治体制和领导体制；加强社会主义精神文明的建设，坚持四项基本原则与坚持改革开放两个基本点要互相结合，缺一不可；坚持和完善人民代表大会制度和共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度；改善和发展社会主义民族关系，加强民族团结：用“一国两制”来解决国家统一问题；执政党的党风问题关系到党的生死存亡；反对帝国主义、霸权主义、殖民主义、种族主义，维护世界和平。

According to a survey, more than two thirds of people in China agree that, the public moral level is lower than before. This figure, although hard to accept, has indicated the fact that the nation"s overall morality is declining. If you pay some attention, you could easily point out some improper behaviors happening around: young men refusing to give seats to the old on buses; shoppers jamming into queue instead of waiting in line; crude riders neglecting red lights, etc. So what the hell is going on? 　　As analysts have figured out, this trend of degradation mainly originated from faulty education. For decades, Chinese schools simply infuse bookish knowledge to their students, whilst moral cultivation becomes a kind of formalism; on the other hand, children are naturally influenced by their family and other adults in the society, most of whom are too sophisticated to be considered as eligible moral models. 　　Facing such disappointing condition, you may ask: how can things become better? As far as I am concerned, we must following these three steps. First of all: self-shaping. We should manage ourselves well, and try to shape our own morality as perfect as possible. The second step: family-shaping, which is to behave as the model for your children and improve their moral status through strict discipline. The third: organization-shaping. If you are leading people, such as being a manager or national president, you could reinforce your whole organization"s moral situation with policy and your own action. Even if you"re no leader, you"ll have a positive impact on the society if only you manage yourself well and try to influence others as much as possible.

1、准分子激光手术①手术原理：在角膜表面用特制的微型角膜板层刀制作角膜瓣，掀开后用准分子激光对暴露的角膜基质床进行切削，切削完成后将角膜瓣复位，用以分别矫正近视、远视、散光。②手术适应症：患者本人有摘掉眼镜的要求年龄18周岁以上近两年屈光度稳定矫正屈光度范围：近视不超过1400度，散光不超过600度，远视不超过600度屈光参差现戴角膜接触镜者：软性隐形眼镜一周，硬性隐形眼睛3周，角膜塑型镜3个月以上角膜厚度大于450um<微米>眼部无活动性疾病③手术特点： 适应范围广：可矫正1400度以内的近视，还可矫正高度散光和高度远视。术后反应轻：完整保留角膜表层的“屏障组织”，故术后无疼痛，不住院不包眼，仅有短暂 的怕光，流泪和眼内异物感；视力恢复快：术后即可用眼，几小时后恢复正常视力快捷方便：术前检查约一小时，术前准备十分钟，手术仅需几秒钟至几十秒，术后当天即可正常活动，不影响生活和工作。④手术禁忌： (1)严重干眼症； (2)圆锥角膜或有圆锥角膜倾向者； (3)睑缘炎 ； (4)增殖性糖尿病性视网膜 病变； (5)突眼症、眼睑闭合不全； (6)全身免疫性、胶原性疾病； (7)瘢痕体质。2、飞秒激光手术①手术原理：用飞秒激光（替代微型角膜板层刀）在角膜上制作角膜瓣，掀开后用准分子激光对暴露的角膜基质床进行切削，切削完成后将角膜瓣复位，用以分别矫正近视、远视、散光。②手术适应症：以前因为角膜薄、近视度数高而不能做准分子激光手术的患者中，可以做飞秒激光术以前因为眼裂小，角膜直径小、角膜平的人，而无法用机械金属刀制作角膜瓣的人也可以做飞秒激光；飞秒激光还是普通lasik术后出现欠桥、过桥等情况后进行增效手术时的第一选择；对害怕用机械金属角膜板层刀切割角膜的患者同样适合做这个手术。对手术效果要求很高的人，建议做飞秒激光手术。③手术特点： 大幅度降低手术风险，飞秒激光比板层刀制瓣操作更简便。“全激光”手术，角膜瓣的精准性、生物力学稳定性提高百个数量级。角膜瓣嵌入式咬合对位，复位更紧密，准确、平滑。不受角膜曲率影响，矫正范围更广泛。3、全飞秒激光手术①手术原理：根据需要矫正屈光度的程度和类型，应用飞秒激光直接在角膜基质定位、扫描、成型，形成凸透镜，然后从角膜周边微小切口处取出透镜，用以矫正近视、散光的手术方式。②手术适应人群：屈光度数稳定、无其他眼部疾病矫正屈光度常规范围（近视100-1000度；散光300度以下，特殊除外）喜欢剧烈运动、拳击搏斗、对抗性运动及其特殊人群适合选择全飞秒激光手术。除以上手术适应症外，其余条件与飞秒激光手术相同。③手术特点：全程飞秒----无刀、无瓣：整个手术全部飞秒激光完成，无需制作角膜瓣。一步完成---无需联机：无需联合准分子激光仪进行治疗，全飞秒激光仪一步完成。客人微笑----独创smile微创技术：全飞秒激光独创角膜瓣基质透镜的制作和利用小切口取出透镜微创技术。可以减少对角膜神经纤维的损伤，降低对角膜生物力学的影响，提高视觉质量。4、ICL晶体植入术①手术原理：ICL(Implantable CollamerLens)被称为可植入式隐形眼镜,也叫“有晶状体眼的人工晶状体植入术”。ICL手术与角膜激光手术不同，无须切削角膜，通过微创手术将带有屈光度数的人工晶体植入眼内，以矫正近视、散光的手术方式。简单的说，就是在不动角膜、保留晶状体的前提下，在虹膜后面、晶状体前面，再放置一片“设计成矫正近视与散光的超薄镜片”，固定于睫状沟，并保持植入晶体与人工晶体之间有一定的间隙，达到长久矫正屈光不正的目的。②手术适应症：1、年龄在20-50岁，有手术意愿，无内眼手术史及眼内色素膜、视网膜及青光眼等病变，矫视力良好；2、近视的矫正范围是200--2000度3、对于角膜厚度有限，准分子激光难以兼顾保留安全的角膜厚度和足够大的切削面积时，ICL是很好的选择。4、前房深度大于等于2.8毫米。③手术特点：iCl不去除、不破坏眼角膜组织，因具有准分子激光无法比拟的优越效果。详尽的检测与准备，瑞士精工量身定制的晶体：国际visian icl资质认证的专家团队。icl晶体不同于隐形眼镜，可以保留在眼内。icl不但可以取出，而且不会引起眼内或角膜任何结构的改变。icl材料中含有紫外线阻断基因，可以阻止有害紫外线进入眼内，从而有效遏制了因紫外线引发的相关眼病。让眼睛恢复发到卓越清晰的 视觉质量，矫正后视力均可达到甚至超越矫正前预期矫正视力。icl在眼内的稳定位置保证了它与您眼睛一起协调正常的运作。晶体一旦在眼内，不仅看不到也感觉不到晶体的存在。④手术禁忌：1.有不易做人工晶状体植入的全身或眼部疾病；2.浅前房﹑房角异常（如房角关闭或有新生血管）虹膜周边前粘连；3.角膜内皮细胞低于1000个/mm2；4.青光眼患者。

一、适用对象不同乙酰氨基酚：用于发热，也可用于缓解轻中度疼痛，如头痛、肌肉痛、关节痛以及神经痛、痛经、癌性痛和手术后止痛等。本品可用于对阿司匹林过敏或不能耐受的患者。对乙酰氨基酚：用于感冒发热、关节痛、神经痛及偏头痛、癌性痛及手术后止痛。本品还可用于对阿司匹林过敏、不耐受或不适于应用阿司匹林的患者（水痘、血友病以及其他出血性疾病等）。二、反应不同乙酰氨基酚：常规剂量下，乙酰氨基酚的不良反应很少，偶尔可引起恶心、呕吐、出汗、腹痛、皮肤苍白等，少数病例可发生过敏性皮炎（皮疹、皮肤瘙痒等）、粒细胞缺乏、血小板减少、贫血、肝功能损害等，很少引起胃肠道出血。对乙酰氨基酚：少数病例可发生过敏性皮炎（皮疹、皮肤瘙痒等）、粒细胞缺乏、血小板减少、高铁血红蛋白血症、贫血及肝、肾功能损害等。三、注意事项不同乙酰氨基酚：（1）下列情况应慎用：①乙醇中毒、肝病或病毒性肝炎时，有增加肝脏毒性作用的危险；②肾功能不全，虽可偶用，但如长期应用，有增加肾脏毒性的危险。（2）在长期治疗期间应定期检查血象及肝功能。对乙酰氨基酚：短期使用一般不引起胃肠出血。用于解热连续使用不超过3天，用于止痛不超过5天。剂量过大可引起肝脏损害，严重者可致昏迷甚至死亡。服用期间不得饮酒或含有酒精的饮料。四、相互作用不同乙酰氨基酚：（1）在长期饮酒或应用其他肝酶诱导剂，尤其是应用巴比妥类或抗惊厥药的患者，长期使用本品时，更有发生肝脏毒性的危险。（2）本品与氯霉素合用，可延长后者的半衰期，增强其毒性。（3）与抗凝血药合用，可增强抗凝血作用，故要调整抗凝血药的用量。（4）长期大量与阿司匹林及其他非甾体抗炎药合用时，有明显增加肾毒性的危险。对乙酰氨基酚：1、因可减少凝血因子在肝内的合成，有增强抗凝药的作用，长期或大量使用时应注意根据凝血酶原时间调整用量。2、与齐夫多定、阿司匹林或其他NSAIDs药合用，明显增加肾毒性。参考资料来源：百度百科-乙酰氨基酚参考资料来源：百度百科-对乙酰氨基酚

细菌的分类：1、根据形状分为三类，即：球菌、杆菌和螺旋菌（包括弧菌、螺菌、螺杆菌）。2、按细菌的生活方式来分类，分为两大类：自养菌和异养菌，其中异养菌包括腐生菌和寄生菌。3、按细菌对氧气的需求来分类，可分为需氧（完全需氧和微需氧）和厌氧（不完全厌氧、有氧耐受和完全厌氧）细菌。4、按细菌生存温度分类，可分为喜冷、常温和喜高温三类。影响：细菌也对人类活动有很大的影响。一方面，细菌是许多疾病的病原体，可以通过各种方式，如接触、消化道、呼吸道、昆虫叮咬等在正常人体间传播疾病，具有较强的传染性，对社会危害极大。另一方面，人类也时常利用细菌，例如乳酪及酸奶和酒酿的制作、部分抗生素的制造、废水的处理等，都与细菌有关。在生物科技领域中，细菌也有着广泛的运用。以上内容参考：百度百科-细菌

细菌按其外形主要有三类，球菌、杆菌、螺形菌。一、球菌（Coccus）呈圆球形或近似圆球形，有的呈矛头状或肾状。单个球菌的直径约在0.8～1.2um左右。由于繁殖时细菌细胞分裂方向和分裂后细菌粘连程度及排列方式不同可分为：（一）双球菌（Diplococcus）:在一个平面上分裂成双排列，如肺炎双球菌、脑膜炎双球菌。（二）链球菌（Streptococcus）：在一个平面上分裂，成链状排列，如溶血性链球菌。（三）四联球菌（Micrococcustetragenus）:在两个相互垂直的平面上分裂，以四个球菌排呈方形，如四联加夫基菌。（四）八迭球菌（Sarcina）:在三个互相垂直的平面上分裂，八个菌体重叠呈立方体状，如藤黄八叠球菌。（五）葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus）:在几个不规则的平面上分裂，则菌体多堆积在一起，而呈葡萄状排列，如金黄色葡萄球菌。二、杆菌（Bacillus）各种杆菌的大小、长短、弯度、粗细差异较大。大多数杆菌中等大小长2～5um，宽0.3～1um。大的杆菌如炭疽杆菌(3～5um×1.0～1.3um),小的如野兔热杆菌(0.3～0.7um×0.2um)。菌体的形态多数呈直杆状，也有的菌体微弯。菌体两端多呈钝圆形，少数两端平齐（如炭疽杆菌），也有两端尖细（如梭杆菌）或未端膨大呈棒状（如白喉杆菌）。排列一般分散存在，无一定排列形式，偶有成对或链状，个别呈特殊的排列如栅栏状或V、Y、L字样。三、螺形菌（Spirillarbacterium）菌体弯曲，可分为：（一）弧菌（Vibrio）菌体只有一个弯曲，呈弧状或逗点状。如霍乱弧菌。（二）螺菌（Spirillum）菌体有数个弯曲。如鼠咬热螺菌。细菌形态可受各种理化因素的影响，一般说来，在生长条件适宜时培养8～18小时的细菌形态较为细菌形态较为典型型；幼龄细菌形体较长；细菌衰老时或在陈旧培养物中，或环境中有不适合于细菌生长的物质（如药物、抗生素、抗体、过高的盐分等）时，细菌常常出现不规则的形态，表现为多形性（Pleomorphism）,或呈梨形、气球状、丝状等，称为衰退型（Involutionform）,不易识别。观察细菌形态和大小特征时，应注意来自机体或环境中各种因素所导致的细菌形态变化。

　　中国特色社会主义社会解释：　　中国特色社会主义，就是在中国共产党领导下，立足基本国情，以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则，坚持改革开放，解放和发展社会生产力，建设社会主义市场经济、社会主义民主政治、社会主义先进文化、社会主义和谐社会、社会主义生态文明，促进人的全面发展，逐步实现全体人民共同富裕，建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。　　建设有中国特色社会主义是由中国改革开放的总设计师邓小平同志提出。　　社会主义核心价值观：　　社会主义核心价值观主要由坚持马克思主义指导思想，坚持中国特色社会主义共同理想，坚持以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神和坚持社会主义荣辱观组成。　　2012年11月，党的十八大报告首次以12个词概括了社会主义核心价值观：“倡导富强、民主、文明、和谐，倡导自由、平等、公正、法治，倡导爱国、敬业、诚信、友善，积极培育社会主义核心价值观。”　　共生、共识、共存、共产、共享、共荣 、同生、同识、同存、同产、同享、同荣。　　核心价值观是中国人民的首创精神，是一切发展的根基。中国特色社会主义核心价值观是社会发展不可脱离的核心体系，共同生存发展的准则。　　社会主义基本特征：　　所谓中国特色的社会主义，是在党的领导下根据中国的国情实行的社会主义，它既不同于传统的社会主义，又不同于资本主义，它应具有五个基本特征：　　1、以民为本；　　2、市场经济；　　3、共同富裕；　　4、中华文化；　　5、民主政治。

Shallow talk the modern business enterprise cost managementReform along with the our country market economy system continuously thorough, the every trade face vehemence of market competition.The business enterprise seeks the economic performance to obtain the competitive advantage of keep on sex, is initial problem that the modern business enterprise management must consider always.Therefore, strengthen the finance management, advanced cost the control method that makes use of the modern is a key that the business enterprise begs existence and begs the development, among them, raising the cost management level as importance continuously.The key problem of the business enterprise cost management 1, the cost management idea fall behind.Main performance the understanding existence difference of the scope, purpose and means etc. manage in the cost.The traditional cost management mainly passes on is a scale performance;Two is strengthen and supplier and retail the company of negotiation ability, with the purpose that the period attain to transfer the cost.These idea that fall behind is already unwell and should compete increasingly vigorous economic environment.Such as gradually public market environment today under, the exorbitant cost transfers and will make business enterprise lose to cooperate the colleague goodly. 2, the cost management foundation is weak.While is each item settle sum management, originality record still not sound;Two is to calculate the foundation work and don"t arrive, water, electricity, vapor etc. the phenomenon of" run, emit, drop, leak" is still very serious;Three is to produce to use to anticipate the big feet of big hand;Four exist the certain quantity and the waste problems in the original material, the supplies purchase...etc.;Five value the production line cost management only, neglect the supply and sell the process cost management.If the supplies purchase in" camera bellows" operates the phenomenon severity, the purchasing cost reside high not next. 3, divide the work thin, overstaffed, employee the cost consciousness is weak thin, can not feel the market pressure, cause business enterprise management of coordination cost lead high, the disadvantage manage the exaltation of the efficiency in the business enterprise, thus certainlying bring for the business enterprise low efficiency cost, and result in direct economy lose or human resource of serious waste, and really cause information exhaust and lose to some extent. 4, in the existing business enterprise cost management, since low cost is a main purpose, the economy becomes to decline the low cost and basic means, this kind of cost lower is to palliate the incurable origin, belong to decline a kind of low cost entry-level appearance, limit at the business enterprise inner part.But then consider to the supply and the sale links of the business enterprise not much, for the business enterprise exterior value chain is also to turn a blind eye, can not make the business enterprise acquire the overall development competition strategy, can"t become the cost management method system of the system, lack the thinking of strategic management. 5, the funds manages the medium existence funds income cannot cover outlay, the funds indentation serious, the funds is transfer and is take up, the accounts receivable reside high not next, the bad 账 lose severity etc. problem, result in the funds cost rise. 6, parts of business enterprise governor because of seeking the bad benefits motives, such as private interest and the small group benefits...etc. to drive, adjust or draw up the cost data arbitrarily, really result in the cost information lose gradually serious.Strengthen the measure of the business enterprise cost management 1, strengthen the cost idea, practice the whole member cost management.The whole cost the management activity of the business enterprise should guide the thought with the modern cost efficiency principle conduct and actions, toing know that the cost advantage obtain absolute unlimited in cost, should from management of height scoop out the cost to lower and obtain the potential of the performance.Want to be in time, overall provide the cost information toward manager, borrow to raise the employee to the understanding that cost manage, strengthen the cost idea.Pass the cost analysis, evaluate the manager"s accomplishment, promote manager adopt to improve the measure.The modern business enterprise needs to be look for to decline the low cost method lately, the dint diagram avoids the occurrence of cost by the root, acquiring the better and economic performance for the business enterprise. 2, strengthen two foundation works.While is a foundation work that strengthens the cost management:Reasonable establishment original material, fuel, assistance material etc. the supplies expenses is certainly the sum;Strict sound calculate, the examination and supplies receives and dispatch to get to back the system;The sound product, yield, species, quantity, original material consume, the man-hour test frequently use etc. with equipments originality record;Build up the balance of accounts price system of the business enterprise inner part, to the material, product that internal and each section use and rent service provide mutually etc.s all press reasonable of the plan price balance of accounts.Two to strengthen the foundation work that cost check.If draw up the strict cost expenditure scope and standards;The exactitude divides the line various expenses boundary.Costing method etc. of the adoption adequacy. 3, economic responsibility system of the perfect cost management organization.(1)Build up science, reasonable cost management system.Establishment sound 1 has the management, the wealth meeting, supply, sale, produce, technique etc. section the representative director attend of the cost management group;Each related section also wants to provide with the part-time personnel, openning the exhibition such as statistics, test frequently, quality check, take care of, check, analyze etc. work.Want the professional knowledge to the cost the manager usually carries on the profession the training, the knowledge the renewal educate again, borrow with the exaltation the cost the management, develop to decline the low cost and vast path.(2)Economic responsibility system of the perfect cost management.One is to establish the cost management regulation system, manage such as various foundations, the cost controls system etc.;Two is an explicit economic responsibility of various cost, carry out the responsibility to the section or personal;Three is to practice the prize and punishment cashing note. 4, adopt the cost management method and meanses of modern science.(1)The cost management method and calculator managements of the adoption modern.The traditional cost management is just to plan, record the 账 and calculate the 账 passively.Under the condition of market economy, the cost management can"t limit at the production line of the product, but analysis, the related and technical development situation analysis and the design of the products at the request of the market that the visual field extends the product forward;Extend the usage of the customer and maintain and handle backward.According to the request of the cost whole distance management, will involve the information source cost, technique cost, logistic cost, production cost, stock cost, the sale cost of the product, and maintain the cost and handle the cost to the customer etc. cost category.Should make use of to all se costs contentses strict, the meticulous science means carries on the management.Along with the complication that the business enterprise conducts the activity diversification and the management management, to the accuracy, time limited efficacy request that the information handle also more and more high, therefore, superiority that makes use of the calculator to carry on the cost management also obviously.(2)To grasp the good business enterprise cost manages a few works of link.The before the event wants to grasp the good cost estimate, the decision and cost plans the work;It to grasp the good cost control and check the work in the matter;The after the event wants to grasp the good cost to investigate and analytical work.(3)Grasp like lower the point work of the product cost, such as to main original material, supplies purchase practice the comparison shopping system, since low purchasing cost.(4)Raise the funds operation level.Want to open more sources of income and reduce e first, increase to accept the stanza to pay;Want to carry out to follow the management to the funds the next in order, strengthen the funds to adjust the degree and usage, attain particularly an appropriation, prevent°from the funds is transfer;The third wants that the enlargement accounts receivable urges to accept the strength, lowering to cope with the payment comparison, accelerating the payment to return;Lower the stock comparison, strengthen the stock management.Take up through the above measure decrease funds, excellent turn the funds structure, reasonable allotment funds, accelerate the financing, lower the money raising cost. 5, strengthen the strategic cost idea.The purpose of the modern cost management should with possibly little cost expenditure, acquire possibly many use values, thus in order to earning the profits to provide the possibly good foundation, thus raise the cost efficiency.Under the condition that economic environment takes place the upheaval, market competition to become excrescent vehemence, the cost advantage obtain for the existence of a business enterprise is to go to the pass important.Should pay attention to the trend of the whole market and rivals closely to discover the problem, adjust and change own strategic military tactics.From strengthenned the strategic cost management to set out, the business enterprise developped in the product, the design stage wanted the enlargement science and technology content devotion, passing to reorganize the production process to avoid the otiose production link, carrying on the management to the product whole life cycle cost, carrying out the cost continuously sex lower, attaining the purpose of the cost control. 6, carry on the integration of the workflow, reduce the otiose division of labour.The business enterprise reduces the otiose stagnation at the time of the competitive advantage of the analytical oneself, make sure the target and missions of the business enterprise after, should reasonable organization production factor, canceling with this not related link, reducing the otiose layer, make it at attain necessity of link, guaranteeing that the necessary link operates unimpeded and valid. 7, adopt the valid measure, insure the usefulness of the cost information.The government section needs to emphasize to chase this pass of the good cost expenditure scope specially first, strengthenning to enforce the law the strength.Establish of system, the key lies in the implementation and carries out, only attaining the method to depend on and break the law to investigate, enforce the law necessarily necessarily necessarily strict, then can turn round the social bad moral atmosphere, expand the sense of right.The next in order want to reform the wealth meeting personnel the management system, practice the accountancy"s independent system.Want to raise the business enterprise occupation morals cultivated manners of the governor and accountant moreover, strengthen the legal system consciousness and the morals self-discipline consciousnesses, keep the occupation conscience, thus guarantee the reliability of accountancy"s information. All of any cost management methods are not inflexible, it will change continuously with the development of the society and the variety of the environments.So, want to study the cost management method with the idea of the development, the continuously creative cost management method, with the orientation the demand that situation develop.

这个不叫使役动词，是 faire+inf. 句型。这个要分很多种情况，要看inf.是否有宾语，而且要看是直宾还是间宾，然后还要再看inf的主语是名词还是代词，很复杂。这句话是“应该让一个修车工来修这辆汽车”，un garagiste 是venir的主语，faire的宾语。因为venir没有宾语，且其主语是名词形式，所以其主语（un garagiste ）也就是faire的宾语，要直接放在venir后。