一道英语问题（高中）

affect
af.fect 1
AHD:[…-fμkt“]
D.J.[*6fekt]
K.K.[*6fWkt]
v.tr.（及物动词）
af.fect.ed， af.fect.ing， af.fects
(1)
To have an influence on or effect a change in:
影响：影响或使发生变化：
Inflation affects the buying power of the dollar.
通货膨胀影响美元的购买能力
(2)
To act on the emotions of; touch or move.
打动：作用于…的感情；打动或感动
(3)
To attack or infect, as a disease:
侵袭：疾病侵害或感染：
Rheumatic fever can affect the heart.
风湿热能感染心脏
n.（名词）
AHD:[2f“μkt”]
(1)
Psychology
【心理学】
(2)
A feeling or emotion as distinguished from cognition, thought, or action.
感情：有别于认识，思想或行为的感情或情感
(3)
A strong feeling having active consequences.
强烈的感情：具有积极后果的强烈的感情
(4)
Obsolete A disposition, feeling, or tendency.
【废语】 性格，感情，倾向

语源
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1)
Latin afficere affect-
拉丁语 afficere affect-
(2)
ad- [ad-]
ad- [前缀，表“朝向”]
(3)
facere [to do] * see dh?-
facere [做] *参见 dh?-

参考词汇
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1)
affect， influence， impress， touch， move， strike
(2)
These verbs are compared as they mean to produce a mental or emotional effect. To
这些动词可以相互比较，因为他们都表示产生心理或情感上的影响。对于
(3)
affect [x] is to act upon a person"s emotions:
affect ， 是指作用于人的感情：
The adverse criticism the book received didn"t affect the author one way or another.
对这本书的敌对性评论丝毫没有影响该作家。
(4)
Influence implies a degree of control or sway over the thinking and actions, as well as the emotions, of another:
influence 暗含对他人感情，思想以及行为的控制及左右的程度：
“Humanity is profoundly influenced by what you do” (John Paul II). To
你的所做所为深刻地影响人类 （约翰·保罗二世）。对于
(5)
impress [x] is to produce a marked, deep, often enduring effect:
impress ， 其是指产生一种显著的，深刻的，通常是持久的效果：
“The Tibetan landscape particularly impressed him” (Doris Kerns Quinn).
西藏的风光给他留下了非同寻常的印象 （多丽丝·克恩斯·奎因）。
(6)
Touch usually means to arouse a tender response, such as love, gratitude, or compassion:
Touch 通常指激起一种温柔的反应，例如爱，感激或激情：
“The tributes [to the two deceased musicians] were fitting and touching” (Daniel Cariaga).
“颂辞 恰如其分，感人至深” （丹尼尔·卡里亚哥）。
(7)
Move suggests profound emotional effect that sometimes leads to action or has a further consequence:
Move 暗指深刻的情感效果，有时导致行动或具有进一步后果：
The account of her experiences as a refugee moved us to tears.
她的难民经历的描述感动得我们热泪盈眶。
(8)
Strike implies keenness or force of mental response to a stimulus:
Strike 暗含对刺激反应的强烈感情或心理力量：
I was struck by the sudden change in his behavior.
我对他行为的突变而感到震惊

用法
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1)
Affect 1 and effect have no senses in common. As a verb affect 1 is most commonly used in the sense of “to influence” (
Affect 1 和 effect 没有共同之处。 作为动词affect 1 常用于表示“影响”（
how smoking affects health). Effect
吸烟如何影响健康）。 Effect
(2)
means “to bring about or execute”:
指“使发生或完成”：
layoffs designed to effect savings.
旨在完成存款的歇业。
(3)
Thus the sentence These measures may affect savings could imply that the measures may reduce savings that have already been realized, whereas These measures may effect savings implies that the measures will cause new savings to come about.
因而句子这些措施可能影响存款 暗含这些措施可能减少本以已实现的存款，而这些措施可能完成存款 则暗含这些措施将导致新的存款的产生

基本词义
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
af.fect 2
AHD:[…-fμkt“]
D.J.[*6fekt]
K.K.[*6fWkt]
v.tr.（及物动词）
af.fect.ed， af.fect.ing， af.fects
(1)
To put on a false show of; simulate:
假装：装出…的一副假象；冒充：
affected a British accent.See Synonyms at pretend
假装英国口音参见 pretend
(2)
To have or show a liking for:
喜欢：具有或表示…的喜好：
affects dramatic clothes.
喜欢穿戏剧服装
(3)
Archaic To fancy; love.
【古语】 喜欢；爱
(4)
To tend to by nature; tend to assume:
趋向：本质上倾向于；倾向于具有：
a substance that affects crystalline form.
呈晶体状的物质
(5)
To imitate; copy:
模仿；仿制：
“Spenser, in affecting the ancients, writ no language”(Ben Jonson)
“斯宾塞，模仿古人不用语言写作”(本·琼森)

语源
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1)
Middle English affecten
中古英语 affecten
(2)
from Latin affect3e [to strive after]
源自 拉丁语 affect3e [力求]
(3)
frequentative of afficere affect- [to affect, influence] * see affect 1
afficere的重复 affect- [影响] *参见 affect1

继承用法
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect“er
n.（名词）

现代英汉词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect 1
[E5fekt]
vt.
(1)
影响
Smoking affects health.
吸烟影响健康。
(2)
（使）感动
deeply affected by the news
深深被这消息所感动
(3)
使感染

基本词义
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect 2
[E5fekt]
vt.
装作；假装
affect illness
装病
She showed an affected interest in our subject.
她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。

现代英汉综合大辞典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
[E5fekt]
vt.
(1)
影响, 对...起作用[反应]; 使...感光; 改变; 损[伤]害
(2)
感动
(3)
患(病), 中(暑)
be affected by heat [cold]
中暑[着凉]
He was deeply affected by my words.
他听了我的话很受感动。

词性变化
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
[E5fekt]
n.
[5Afekt]
(1)
【心理】情感, 感情
(2)
【数】偏差

参考词汇
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect effect influence
作为动词, 都含“影响”的意思。
(1)
affect 指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”,着重“影响”的动作, 有时含有“对...产生不利影响”的意思, 如:
This article will affect my thinking.
这篇文章将会影响我的思想。
(2)
effect 指“实现”、“达成”,着重“造成”一种特殊的效果, 如:
This book effected a change in my opinion.
这本书使我的看法起了变化。
(3)
influence 指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的,潜移默化的影响”, 如:
Influenced by a high-school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.
在一位中学生物教师的影响下, 他从事医学研究。
discourage hinder

用法词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
fect来自拉丁词根fact做，制造，affect由a-+facere构成，使他物发生变化

参考词汇
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1)
affect,influence,touch,impress,sway,move这组动词的一般含义为使人或能作出反应的物产生或受到影响。
(2)
affect 的宾语是物时，它包含着足以引起反应的刺激，有时包含一定的改变。
The slight change of weather can affect her delicate health
天气稍有变化就会影响她那脆弱而娇嫩的身体。
(3)
当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智上或感情上的影响，即感动
He was in no way affected by their misery.
他们的惨状一点也没打动他的心。
We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are affected by flooding，
…我们的运气好，因为只有占我们农场极少部分的较低的田地受到洪水的影响。
(4)
influence 所表示的影响包含着“力量”，比如“他是个有影响的人物”。有时它包含着“诱使”的意思。
They, having first persuaded themselves, contrive to influence their neighbours.
他们首先自己信服了之后，便设法诱使邻居
No one can avoid being influenced by advertisments.
谁也不能避免受到广告的影响。
In the organization of industrial life the influence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been neglected.
在工业生活的组织中，工厂对工人的生理和心理状态上的影响完全被忽视了。
(5)
touch 所表示的“感动”有些象汉语的“感触”，它总含有密切接触的意思。此外，touch在表示使人或物受到影响或感动时，总有如下的内涵：激发、搅起、伤害等等。
I do not wish to do anything which may touch your credit
我不想做任何会影响你的荣誉的事情。
Parents would be greatly surprised and deeply touched if they realized how belief their children usually have in their character and infallibility.
…如果父母意识到孩子通常多么相信父母的品格和父母的绝对正确，他们会大大震惊和深深被感动的……
(6)
impress 通常用于表示深受“感动”，而且把所看到的东西，铭记在心。
but I could not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds.
……但是我掩盖不了这一事实，那些钻石之大给我留下了深刻的印象。
(7)
sway 的原义同上

英文相关词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
influence move persuade sway

[七国语言]英汉公共大词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
给影响;感动

[七国语言]英汉医学大词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
情感, 激情

美国传统词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
af.fect 1
AHD:[…-fμkt“]
D.J.[*6fekt]
K.K.[*6fWkt]
v.tr.
af.fect.ed, af.fect.ing, af.fects
(1)
To have an influence on or effect a change in:
Inflation affects the buying power of the dollar.
(2)
To act on the emotions of; touch or move.
(3)
To attack or infect, as a disease:
Rheumatic fever can affect the heart.
n.
AHD:[2f“μkt”]
(1)
Psychology
(2)
A feeling or emotion as distinguished from cognition, thought, or action.
(3)
A strong feeling having active consequences.
(4)
Obsolete A disposition, feeling, or tendency.

语源
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1)
Latin afficere affect-
(2)
ad- [ad-]
(3)
facere [to do] * see dh?-

参考词汇
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1)
affect, influence, impress, touch, move, strike
(2)
These verbs are compared as they mean to produce a mental or emotional effect. To
(3)
affect [x] is to act upon a person"s emotions:
The adverse criticism the book received didn"t affect the author one way or another.
(4)
Influence implies a degree of control or sway over the thinking and actions, as well as the emotions, of another:
“Humanity is profoundly influenced by what you do” (John Paul II). To
(5)
impress [x] is to produce a marked, deep, often enduring effect:
“The Tibetan landscape particularly impressed him” (Doris Kerns Quinn).
(6)
Touch usually means to arouse a tender response, such as love, gratitude, or compassion:
“The tributes [to the two deceased musicians] were fitting and touching” (Daniel Cariaga).
(7)
Move suggests profound emotional effect that sometimes leads to action or has a further consequence:
The account of her experiences as a refugee moved us to tears.
(8)
Strike implies keenness or force of mental response to a stimulus:
I was struck by the sudden change in his behavior.

用法
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1)
Affect 1 and effect have no senses in common. As a verb affect 1 is most commonly used in the sense of “to influence” (
how smoking affects health). Effect
(2)
means “to bring about or execute”:
layoffs designed to effect savings.
(3)
Thus the sentence These measures may affect savings could imply that the measures may reduce savings that have already been realized, whereas These measures may effect savings implies that the measures will cause new savings to come about.

基本词义
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
af.fect 2
AHD:[…-fμkt“]
D.J.[*6fekt]
K.K.[*6fWkt]
v.tr.
af.fect.ed, af.fect.ing, af.fects
(1)
To put on a false show of; simulate:
affected a British accent.See Synonyms at pretend
(2)
To have or show a liking for:
affects dramatic clothes.
(3)
Archaic To fancy; love.
(4)
To tend to by nature; tend to assume:
a substance that affects crystalline form.
(5)
To imitate; copy:
“Spenser, in affecting the ancients, writ no language”(Ben Jonson)

语源
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1)
Middle English affecten
(2)
from Latin affect3e [to strive after]
(3)
frequentative of afficere affect- [to affect, influence] * see affect 1

继承用法
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect“er
n.

英汉船舶大词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
n.影响

英汉电信大词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
n.影响

英汉地质大词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
n.偏差,影响

英汉法学大词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
v.影响

英汉纺织大词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
n.偏差

英汉航空大词典
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

affect
n.影响;n.影响,作用

英汉化学大词典
-------------------------------------------------------------------------