postponement； drainage； momentarily 这英语用谐音怎么读？

亲～您好哦，drainage，英语单词，名词，意思是“排水；排水系统；污水；排水面积”。望采纳，希望可以帮助到您，祝您学业有成哦～

引流的单词有：drainagetube，Drainge，Drainagebag，drainage，drainagepad。引流的单词有：drainagetube，drainage，Drainagebag，drainagepad，Drainge结构是：引(左右结构)流(左右结构)注音是：一ㄣˇㄌ一ㄡ_词性是：动词拼音是：yǐnliú。引流的具体解释是什么呢，我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍：一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】引流yǐnliú。(1)医∶依靠吸引力或重力从一个体腔或伤口抽取液体的行为、过程和办法。(2)传送的行为(如通过管子引水)。二、引证解释⒈导引水流。引晋潘岳《藉田赋》：“清洛浊渠，引流激水。”宋苏轼《喜雨亭记》：“引流种树，以为休息之所。”⒉谓通过外科手术排出体内脓液。三、国语词典由创口、脓疮、囊腺或体腔中将液体引出。词语翻译英语todrain,(medicine)_drainage四、网络解释引流引流物本身是异物，在体内放置时间过长，有在引流物周围发生感染的可能。因此，创腔放置的引流纱布每天应当更换，局部严格消毒。体内放置的引流管因不易更换，一般根据治疗需要保留数天不等。关于引流的诗句引流坦溪曲田园引流水更引流莺妒关于引流的成语旁引曲证流言流说发引千钧穿壁引光长往远引关于引流的词语旁引曲证引狼入室引鬼上门穿壁引光引日成岁牵经引礼引商刻角引锥刺股发引千钧引车卖浆关于引流的造句1、结论是一种有效的横窦血液流量测定方法，可以从“量”的角度反映引流优势。2、排除万难，清除腐败，全力推动延宕已久的土地改革，大力吸引流失的国人回流。3、目的观察经内镜鼻胆管引流术治疗急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的疗效。4、据钟海涛说，医院内引流产或者病亡的死婴遗体被视为“医疗垃圾”，根据相关规定应当火葬。5、方法新型泪道探通引流装置由两端金属探子及中间软性硅胶管组成。点此查看更多关于引流的详细信息

drainage 引流的意思

Excretion

推广引流用英语说是promote drainage.一、promote的释义及用法：1、promote作“提升为…”“使升入”时多指按常规次序递进。用作及物动词，接名词或代词作宾语，promote常与介词to连用，此时通常用于被动结构。2、promote作“促进”“提倡”“鼓励”可用于事物发展的各个阶段，用作及物动词，接名词或代词作宾语，还可接疑问词引导的从句作宾语。promote还可作“筹建”解，用作及物动词，一般指筹划比赛，开办公司等之类的活动。二、drainage释义及用法：用作名词：排水，放水Bad drainage caused the land to be flooded.排水不利容易使土地淹水。Make holes through the base to allow for drainage.在地基中开洞，以便排水。promote drainage的例句1、This ice cream shop has done a great job in promote drainage customers,directly doubling their sales.这家冰淇淋店的推广引流做得特别好，直接让他们的销量翻倍。2、Due to previous poor management,this ice cream shop changed its owner.Due to the implementation of a new promote drainage business model,the shop has come back to life.由于之前经营不善，这家冰淇淋店换了老板，由于新的推广引流经营模式的开展，这家店起死回生了。3、There are many benefits of promote drainage traffic for selling ice cream.推广引流对于销售冰淇淋的好处非常之多。4、Nowadays,we unconsciously fall into a strange circle of promote drainage short videos.现如今，我们不知不觉就陷入了短视频的推广引流怪圈。5、We often see some merchants selling products on short videos to promote drainage traffic.我们经常在短视频上看到一些商家卖东西进行推广引流。

排污系统管道修理排水系统

1，平邮：就是通常人们所说的邮政的普通包裹,运费是最便宜的一种,但速度比较慢,全国二级以上城市(青海、西藏、新疆除外）和大部分的县级城市5-10天内可达，寄达后收件人凭身份证和领取包裹通知单到邮局领取。重要的平邮包裹可以进行保价（也就是保价包裹，相当于给包裹买保险），但传递速度不会有什么变化； 2，快递：有三种情况： 1），邮政的快递包裹：和普通包裹的手续不多，但很多地方可以投递到户，传递速度比普通包裹快一些，资费也要贵一些（约贵2/5））一般3-7天内可达； 2），非邮政的快递公司，如申通、天天快递、DHL，宅急送等，很多，可以上门收寄，资费一般是每件10至15元起价，续重每公斤3-5元不等，一般也是3-5天内可达，但只通达二级以上城市及部分县市，农村和偏远地区是无能为力的； 3），邮政的特快专递（EMS），这是目前传递速度最快的一种，有次日达，次晨达、隔日达等，但资费也是最贵的，信函类的起价一般是20元，按重计费。

bilge n.舱底，无聊的想法，废话drainage n.排水，放水，排水系统，排走物，废水，排水区域sewage n.（下水道里的）污物，下水道，污水（以上只写名词释义）基本上从字面上就可以判断他们的区别，不知上下文，没法帮你做具体区分，望采纳。

drain 既是名词也是动词名词是：下水道，排水沟的意思，动词是：使液体流干，把水排走，喝干drainage 就单纯的是名词：主要是排水系统的意思，如 the city even equipped with a drainage system.

burr holes irrigation and drainage：钻颅（冲洗）引流术Puncture drainage，Trepanation and drainage：锥孔引流术burr-hole craniostomy with closed-system drainage：钻颅闭式引流术Percutaneous bedside twist-drill drainage ：床旁钻颅引流术craniotomy：开颅（血肿清除）术twist-drill craniostomy&burr-hole craniostomy：区别是工具不同。前一个是用类似阿基米德钻的东西，后一个是用颅钻

第三节 道路排水 　　第6.3.1条 路基排水 subgrade drainage 　　为保证路基稳定而采取的汇集、排除地表或地下水的措施。 　　第6.3.2条 地表水 surface water 　　降水后在地表形成的径流及滞留在低洼处的水。 　　第6.3.3条 地下水 underground water 　　存在于地表以下岩石或土层的孔隙、裂隙中的水。 　　第6.3.4条 毛细水 capillary water 　　地下水受土粒间孔隙的毛细作用上升的水分。 　　第6.3.5条 边沟 intercepting ditch 　　为汇集和排除路面、路肩及边坡的流水，在路基两侧设置的水沟。 　　第6.3.6条 截水沟 intercepting ditch 　　为拦截山坡上流向路基的水，在路堑坡顶以外设置的水沟。 　　第6.3.7条 排水沟 drainage ditch 　　将边沟、截水沟和路基附近低洼处汇集的水引向路基以外的水沟。 　　第6.3.8条 急流槽 chute 　　在陡坡或深沟地段设置的坡度较陡、水流不离开槽底的沟槽。 　　第6.3.9条 跌水 drop water 　　在陡坡或深沟地段设置的沟底为阶梯形，水流呈瀑布跌落式通过的沟槽。 　　第6.3.10条 蒸发池 evaporation pond 　　在气候干旱地区的排水困难路段，于道路两侧每隔一定距离，为汇集边沟流水任其蒸发所设置的积水能。 　　第6.3.11条 盲沟 blind drain；blind ditch 　　在路基或地基内设置的充填碎、砾石等粗粒材料并铺以倒滤层(有的其中埋设透水管)的排水、截水暗沟。 　　第6.3.12条 渗水井 seepage well 　　为将边沟排不出的水渗到地下透水层中而设置的充填碎、砾石等粗粒材料并铺以倒滤层的竖井。 　　第6.3.13条 过水路面 ford 　　通过平时无水或流水很少的宽浅河流而修筑的在洪水期间容许水流浸过的路面。 　　第6.3.14条 暴雨强度 intensity of rainstorm 　　降雨的集中程度。一般以一次暴雨的降雨量、瞬间降雨强度、小时降雨量等表示。 　　第6.3.15条 (排水)设计重现期 design frequency 　　设计暴雨强度出现的周期。是道路排水设计的标准。 　　第6.3.16条 街道排水 street drainage 　　为排除街道路面上的降水而采取的排水措施。 　　第6.3.17条 管道排水 pipe drainage 　　利用设在地下的相互连通的管道及相应设施，汇集和排除道路的地表水。 　　第6.3.18 条渠道排水 gutter drainage 　　利用设在地面上的沟渠及相应设施，汇集和排除道路的地表水。 　　第6.3.19条 (立体交*)泵站排水 drainage by pumping station 　　利用泵站排除立体交*下穿路段地表水的措施。 　　第6.3.20条 雨水口 inlet；gully 　　管道排水系统汇集地表水的设施，由进水箅、井身及支管等组成。 　　第6.3.21条 检查井 manhole 　　在地下管线位置上每隔一定距离修建的竖井。主要供检修管道、清除污泥及用以连接不同方向、不同高度的管线使用。 　　第6.3.22条 雨水口支管 branch pipe of inlet 　　将雨水口汇集的水输入到排水管道的引水支管。 　　第6.3.23条 泄水口 drain opening 　　道路管道排水系统或渠道排水系统的出水口。

1. Conduct a visual inspection of gutters and downspouts every six months to ensure that all clips and brackets are secure and not broken. Any broken or missing components should be repaired. Check slope of gutters to maintain positive drainage.每六个月就要对排水沟和水嘴进行一次检视，以确保所有的夹子和托架都是安全没有受损的。一旦发现有损坏或者丢失元件的情况就必须进行修理。检查排水沟的坡度以保证有效的排水。2. At six-month intervals remove accumulated （堆积）debris and clogs.Where vegetation overhangs gutters, inspect them every three months for leaf accumulation,rust, and mold.每六个月对堆积的残滞物进行一次清理。对植被超出排水沟的地方，就要每三个月针对树叶堆积、生锈还有积泥进行一次检查。3. Inspect gutter system before and after each rainy season.每次雨季之前和之后都要对排水沟进行一次检查。4. Trim trees and vines away from gutters to maintain a minimum 24-inch clear zone.修整掉排水沟附近的树木和爬藤，确保有一个至少24英寸的干净区域。5. When gutter covers are used,inspect to eliminate any openings that may allow birds or other animals to enter and build nests. Inspect all cover clips to ensure the guards will not collapse and cause a blockage in the system.Inspect gutter cover for debris accumulation; dry accumulated debris may become a fire hazard and must be eliminated.当排水沟盖被使用的时候，对其进行检查从而消除敞开区域会让小鸟或者其他动物进入其中筑巢的可能性。检查所有的盖夹以确保所有的保护不会倒塌并导致系统的阻塞。检查排水沟中堆积的残滞物，必须消除干燥残滞物会引起火灾的可能性。6. Downspouts and outlets located in landscape areas should be inspected every six months to ensure that splash pad placement is correct and that there is positive drainage away from the outlet and adjacent buildings; maintain a minimum of 2 percent slope for the first 5 feet. Check for animal inhabitations and clogs. Check landscape growth every two weeks during growing periods to protect from overgrowth,which could obstruct positive drainage.位于垫面区域的水嘴和出水口也要每六个月检查一次，以保证初始垫放置正确而且可以把出水口以及临近建筑的水有效排净；对最初始的5英尺（1 feet = 12 inch）要保持一个最小2%的坡度。检查是否有动物栖息是否有阻塞物，在生长期每两周检查一次垫面植被以防止可能会阻塞有效排水的植被过度生长情况。7. Flush gutters and downspouts once all debris is removed to wash away any remaining dirt ormaterials.当清除掉所有的残滞物后对排水沟和水嘴进行冲刷，以冲走所有的残留物。8. Keep subsurface drains clear of debris. Remove all accumulated mud or dirt that could enterdrainage system.保持地下排水通道中没有残滞物，清理掉所有可能阻塞排水系统的淤泥或者脏东西。 Roofs can occasionally grow moss, and it should be dealt with immediately in a manner that will not degrade collectedrainwater.Downspouts should be disconnected during the demossing process.顶部可能偶尔会长苔藓，这是必须立即采取方式处理的，虽然这不会降低雨水的收集。在清理苔藓的时候要断开水嘴。More information on demossing can be found at www.uaf.edu/coop-ext/publications (search: demossing);at www.pesticide.org /roofmoss.pdf; and atwww.cleanwaterservices.org.网址不做翻译。Downspout filters such as the Leaf Beater and the Leaf Eater provide a second chance to capture and remove debris that might enter a rainwater storage system. They can be used inline prior to a roof washer or firstflush diverter. First-flush devices isolate the first run off from a catchment surface while allowing the additional runoff to pass by. They can use floating balls, sinking balls, flaps, or can be based on the capacity of a vessel. 水嘴过滤器比如风叶扇和食叶机可以提供第二次机会以阻挡和移除可能进入雨水收集系统的残滞物。他们可以用于内联顶部第一次刷新转向器（本段术语太多，翻译可能有出入）。第一次刷新设备把第一次关闭设备从流域面隔离的同时允许其他径流通过，他们可以使用漂浮球，沉没球或者可以给予容器的容量。 自己英语也不好，翻译的不知道你满意不满意，但是我翻译的很用心，谢谢。

　　吸引，把事物或别人的注意力引到自己方面来。下面就由我为大家带来关于吸引的英语短语集锦，希望大家能有所收获。 　　关于吸引的相关短语 　　吸引电流 pickup current; 　　吸引范围 attraction area; 　　吸引力 attraction; alliciency; lure; relish; pazazz; attractive power; gravitation; 　　吸引疗法 suction treatment; 　　吸引器 aspirator; suction units; suction; 　　吸引球 idiosme; {生} attraction sphere; 　　吸引区域 domain of attraction; 　　吸引势 attractive potential; 　　吸引物 attractant; attraction; 　　吸引性 attractance; 　　吸引引流法 aspiration drainage; suction drainage; 　　吸引圆锥 {生} attraction cone; 　　吸引子 attractor 　　关于吸引的相关短句 　　attract attention; 　　吸引注意力 　　attract foreign investment; 　　吸引外资 　　have a strong appeal to the audience; 　　对观众很有吸引力 　　This child was fascinated by the plots in the novel. 　　这个小孩被小说的情节吸引住了 　　关于吸引的词语辨析 　　tempt, charm, attract, enchant, fascinate这组词都有“吸引，引诱”的意思，其区别是： 　　tempt 指吸引力很强，强调欲望被唤醒。 　　charm 侧重迷住某人或使之高兴。 　　attract 普通用词，指客观上吸引人的注意力。 　　enchant 着重指有能力引起被迷住者的欢乐或赞美。 　　fascinate 通常含使人无法拒绝、无法摆脱的意味。 　　关于吸引的相关例句 　　1. More people would be attracted to cycling if conditions were right. 　　如果天气适宜，会有更多的人被吸引到骑自行车的行列中来。 　　2. Traditionally young Asians in Britain have gravitated towards medicine, law and engineering. 　　英国的亚裔年轻人通常被吸引到医学、法律及工程专业。 　　3. What drew him to the area was its proximity to central London. 　　吸引他到该地区的原因是那里靠近伦敦市中心。 　　4. The view of lake and plunging cliffs seduces visitors. 　　湖光旖旎、峭壁峥嵘，游客们被深深吸引了。 　　5. In spite of her hostility, she was attracted to him. 　　尽管自己心存敌意，她还是为他所吸引。 　　6. Rolls Royce produces around 1,000 extremely desirable cars a year. 　　劳斯莱斯公司每年生产约1,000辆非常吸引人的汽车。 　　7. Like any tourist, I was bowled over by India. 　　跟所有其他游客一样，我被印度深深吸引了。 　　8. For some inexplicable reason she was attracted to Patrick. 　　因为某些无法解释的原因，她被帕特里克所吸引。 　　9. I don"t think they"re just jazzing it up for the media. 　　我并不认为他们仅仅是为了吸引媒体的目光才把它搞得有声有色的。 　　10. He had unmistakably been waving his flag to attract the referee"s attention. 　　他显然一直在挥舞旗子吸引主裁判的注意。 　　11. The prospect of easy profits has attracted the wrong kind of businessman. 　　轻松捞取利润的可能性吸引了一拨不良商人。 　　12. Russia"s efforts to attract investment have been halting and confused. 　　俄罗斯在吸引投资上一直踌躇不前，混乱不清。 　　13. I was quite taken with him when I was young. 　　我年轻时被他深深吸引住了。 　　14. Airlines should stand or fall on their ability to attract passengers. 　　航空公司的成败应该取决于它们吸引乘客的能力。 　　15. The Party has been unable to attract upwardly mobile voters. 　　该党一直不能吸引那些追求更高社会地位的选民。 　　关于吸引的双语例句 　　月球对地球的吸引力造成潮汐。 　　The attraction of the moon for the earth causes the tides. 　　我被这个惊人的想法吸引住了。 　　I was attracted by the striking idea. 　　这座哥特式的大教堂吸引了世界各地的游客。 　　This Gothic cathedral has attracted visitors from all around the world. 　　政府正在试图吸引更多资金投资到造船业方面来。 　　The government is trying to attract more investment into the shipbuilding industry. 　　今年的花展吸引了大批观众。 　　The flower show attracted large crowds this year. 　　她具有极具吸引力的性格。 　　She has a magnetic personality. 　　一切从吸引和被吸引开始。 　　All begins with attracting and being attracted. 　　地球吸引物体就像磁铁吸引针一样。 　　The earth pulls things to it just as a magnet pulls needles. 　　地球吸引月亮，月亮也吸引地球。 　　The earth pulls the moon and the moon pulls the earth.

您好，您是不是想问霍顿地貌参数有哪些？霍顿地貌的参数包括以下几个方面：1、霍顿比率（Horton"s&ratio）：即次级支流长度与主干河流长度的比值。该比率通常在0.5到0.7之间，但在一些情况下可能高达0.8或更高。2、分形维数（fractal&dimension）：霍顿地貌的分形维数通常在1.5到1.7之间，这意味着它的形态比较复杂。3、汇流面积（drainage&area）：汇流面积是指一个水系中所有流经的区域面积总和。霍顿地貌的汇流面积通常比较小，但是随着河流的分支越来越多，汇流面积会逐渐增大。4、河道长度（stream&length）：河道长度是指从源头到河口的总长度。在霍顿地貌中，河道长度通常比较长，因为河流分支较多，河道走向也比较曲折。5、分支比率（branching&ratio）：分支比率是指每一级支流的数量与上一级支流数量的比值。在霍顿地貌中，分支比率通常在2到5之间，这意味着每一级支流的数量大约是上一级的两到五倍。6、河流密度（stream&density）：河流密度是指河流总长度与汇流面积的比值。在霍顿地貌中，河流密度通常比较低，因为河流分支较多，河流长度相对较长，而汇流面积相对较小。这些参数可以帮助地质学家和地貌学家了解霍顿地貌的特征，从而更好地理解地球表面的形态和演化过程。

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李伟 陈家祥 吴建国基金项目:国家科技重大专项项目64(20112×05064)资助。作者简介:李伟,男,1956年6月出生,2003年6月获硕士研究生学位,籍贯:安徽亳州。淮北矿业(集团)有限责任公司副总经理,正高级工程师,通讯地址:安徽省淮北市孟山路1号,邮编:235006,电子邮箱:1w@hbcoal.com注:大型油气田及煤层气开发专项资助项目2011ZX05064(淮北矿业(集团)有限责任公司,淮北 235006)摘要:本文分析了淮北矿区松软、低渗煤层气抽采技术实践特点,提出了以地面井、底板巷穿层钻孔和高位钻孔的综合煤层气抽采模式,并阐述了其技术特点和在实践中的关键做法和取得的效果,指出综合抽采技术是下保护层开采条件下的最有效的煤-气共采技术之一。关键词:煤层气 综合抽采The Combined CBM Drainage Technologies in Huaibei Mining AreaLI Wei CHEN Jiaxiang WU Jianguo(HUAIBEI MINING (GROUP) Co.Ltd. 235006 Huaibei, China)Abstract: The paper analyzes coal -bed methane drainage technology characteristics on the tectonic soft coal, low-permeability in the mining area of Huaibei city,to put forward a combined coal bed methane drainage mode with CBM drainage on ground, by means of crossing hole in roadway and highly -located hole in Mining face, to describe its technical characteristics,the key technology and the result,and to indicate the combined coal bed methane drainage mode is the one of most efficient CBM development technology for simultaneous-extraction of coal and coal-bed methane with pressure relief condition.Keywords: CBM; combined; drainage1 引言淮北矿区是我国重要的能源生产基地,2000m以浅,预测煤炭资源储量376亿吨,估算埋深在2000米以上煤层气资源量为3159亿立方米。但由于经历了复杂的构造演化历程,多期不同方向、不同性质和不同强度构造应力场的转换与叠加,对矿区内煤层气的产生、运移、富集和保存产生了重大影响,形成矿区煤层气赋存多样化得格局。淮北矿区主要含煤地层为二叠系石盒子组和山西组,以中厚煤层、多煤层群为特征,一般有11个含煤组,煤层8~36层,总厚度7~23m,总可采厚度2.95~20.97m,煤层气含量达10~25m3/t,煤层气压力达3.5~6.0mPa,主要煤层的含气饱和度达98%~100%,CH4占到91%~98%,但构造煤普遍发育,渗透率较低,一般为0.001~0.01mD。淮北矿区煤层气抽采较早,芦岭煤矿1973年开始瓦斯抽采(习惯上,称井下工程抽采的煤层气为瓦斯),德士古公司于1996年12月至1998年9月8日,在淮北矿区开展地面井压裂抽采煤层气试验,由于渗透率低,远未达到商业开发价值。从21世纪开始,由于矿区煤炭采场向深部转移,开采强度的大幅度提高,开采层、邻近层和采空区的瓦斯急剧增加,有的采煤工作面瓦斯涌出量高达40~60m3/min,传统较为单一的抽采方式和抽采方法已不能解决煤炭开采过程中的瓦斯威胁,为了实现安全生产和高产高效,淮北矿业集团公司开展了综合煤层气抽采技术与工艺研究,立足于瓦斯综合治理的基础上,进行煤层气开发和利用。2 淮北矿区煤层气综合抽采技术特点煤层气综合抽采是指利用地面井、井下煤层气抽采工程共同进行煤层气抽采,可以理解为同一煤层气储层对象,采用了不同技术与工艺进行煤层气抽采。如图1所示,是淮北矿区煤层气综合抽采的一种模式。图1 煤层气综合抽采模式示意图从采用的抽采方式来看,有地面井、底板巷穿层钻孔和高位钻孔等;从时间跨度来看,地面井可以在未采区提前7~10年压裂预抽,底板巷穿层钻孔一般提前2~3年预抽,两者也可以当下组煤回采时,抽采上组煤层的泄压煤层瓦斯,高位钻孔一般抽采本煤层回采工作面回采冒落裂隙带中的瓦斯;从采用的技术与工艺来看,有地面井在未采区的压裂煤层气抽采,底板巷穿层钻孔采用松动爆破、水力冲孔、水力扩孔和水力割缝等煤层增透工艺的瓦斯抽采,下组煤开采时,地面井和底板巷穿层钻孔对上组煤的卸压瓦斯抽采,高位钻孔的顶板跨落冒落裂隙带的瓦斯抽采等技术与工艺等。3 井上、下煤层气综合抽采技术与工艺分析3.1 地面井煤层气抽采针对淮北矿区构造煤发育,渗透率低的特点,淮北矿业集团公司开展了“一井三用”煤层气抽采技术,即利用同一口井实现煤层开采前的压裂瓦斯抽采,采动区瓦斯抽采(下煤组煤层开采时对抽采上煤组的卸压瓦斯)和煤层开采后的采空区瓦斯抽采,这样,既考虑了煤层气的商业开发利用,也解决了煤矿开采时的瓦斯治理问题。“一井三用”煤层气抽采各阶段中,采动区瓦斯抽采效果最好,因此,对没有施工压裂井,并且具备上行保护层开采的区域,可单独施工采动区井进行煤层气抽采。根据淮北矿区的实践,对技术与工艺总结如下。3.1.1 压裂阶段瓦斯抽采地面井压裂排采后,将形成压力降低漏斗,其产量有:Q=f(△P)式中:Q为瓦斯产量;f函数映射关系与渗透率、储层厚度等赋存条件相关;△P为原始瓦斯压力与井底压力差。采取的主要技术措施:一是压裂时伴注液态N2,CO2,提高地层瓦斯压力,间接提高△P值;二是排采时,注意保持低压差(△P)梯度,防止煤粒移动而堵塞瓦斯运移通道。通过上述技术措施,在低渗透率、软煤条件下,取得了较好的效果(图2)。淮北矿业集团2008年以来,在芦岭Ⅲ1、Ⅲ2采区共施工12口“一井三用”井的压裂阶段试验,各井大部达到800m3左右,也有个别高产井,如LG-6井为最高日产量曾到3000m3以上,稳产1200m3左右。图2 WLG-1井底压力与产量示意图3.1.2 采动区卸压瓦斯抽采一是在地面钻孔布孔上,需要考虑工作面开采顶板岩移的O形圈效应,以提高卸压抽采的效率,二是钻井井筒结构上,要改善以抵抗岩移出现的破坏,防止井筒断裂出现漏水,一旦井筒内充水,地面井将不能抽采瓦斯。针对淮北矿区不同的地质开采条件,淮北矿业集团公司设计了多种井筒结构,达到了良好的效果。如芦岭煤矿Ⅱ1048工作面采动区井,从10煤层工作面开始回采到工作面回采结束共抽采10个月,累计抽采中煤组8,9煤层卸压瓦斯248.4万m3,其中通过井下底板巷道穿层钻孔抽采278.3万m3,从图3及图4可以看出,抽采浓度比较高,最大日抽采量达到4万m3,取得了很好的效果。图3 地面钻井日抽采量曲线图4 地面钻井日抽采瓦斯浓度曲线3.1.3 采空区阶段瓦斯抽采在芦岭Ⅱ825工作面进行了试验,试验了地面井采空区瓦斯抽采的工艺流程,但由于工作面井下钻孔预抽后煤层残余瓦斯量很小,工作面风排的瓦斯浓度小于0.2%,尽管试验钻井抽采瓦斯比较小,累计为18万m3,但是从原理验证上取得了成功。3.2 底板巷道穿层钻孔底板巷一般布置在岩性较好、距煤层间距20~30m的底板中,巷道的平面投影距上覆煤层工作面机巷内侧距离20~30m,在底板巷中每隔25m施工一个钻场,在钻场内向上覆煤层施工网格式穿层钻孔,钻孔在见煤点的间距5m左右。底板穿层钻孔抽采技术参数分析:一是合理的预抽时间和抽采半径。合理的预抽时间是设计预抽瓦斯工程的一个重要参数,它主要是根据预抽流量的变化规律和对抽放钻场、与有关巷道进行维护的经济合理性,以及生产接替时间的可行性等因素综合分析而确定。二是合理的抽放负压。抽放负压大小对预抽钻孔流量有一定影响,因为考虑到底板巷穿层抽采孔的封孔工艺,目前大量使用的是黄泥水泥砂浆人工封孔,不利于使用过高的抽放负压。并且考虑到负压高时管道积水排放也比较困难,根据经验,预抽期间的孔口抽放负压以3~6kPa较好,采动卸压抽采期间的抽放负压可以适当地提高一些。三是可以通过增大钻孔直径,或采用增透措施以提高钻孔的抽放影响范围,进而提高瓦斯抽采效果。如芦岭煤矿采用磨料水射流割缝增能,大幅度提高了煤层瓦斯抽采速度,单孔纯瓦斯抽放量最高达到60L/min,比相邻的非割缝钻孔瓦斯抽放速度提高了4~6倍,随着时间的推移,割缝钻孔与非割缝钻孔瓦斯抽放流量均在衰减,但钻孔割缝后瓦斯抽放流量仍是非割缝的2.35倍左右。3.3 回采工作面高位钻孔高位钻孔瓦斯抽采实际是通过高位钻孔抽采采空区冒落带和裂隙带积聚的大量高浓度的瓦斯。利用高位钻孔抽采裂隙带内的高浓度瓦斯,即可可控制采煤工作面的采空区高浓度瓦斯向工作面上隅角流动,又能对邻近层瓦斯向采空区移动时进行拦截。高位钻孔的关键技术,一是合理设计高位钻孔的终孔层位距开采煤层的间距;二是高位钻孔距上风巷的内错平距。两者都与煤层厚度、倾角、顶板岩层岩性组合结构等有关。3.4 煤层气综合抽采技术效果如图5所示为朱仙庄煤矿Ⅱ1034-1#综合抽采示意图。当下组煤开采时,利用地面井、底板穿层钻孔抽采上组煤的卸压瓦斯,利用高位钻孔抽采下组煤开采工作面冒落裂隙带的高浓瓦斯。图5 综合抽采效果示意图从抽采量来看,三种抽采技术方法均达到较好的效果,地面井日抽采量5000~30000m3之间,底板穿层钻孔日抽采量5000~15000m3之间,高位钻孔日抽采量5000左右;从抽采量趋势来看,单口地面井随着工作面的推进,抽采量由高逐渐降低。底板穿层钻孔抽采量与地面孔有互补性,当地面孔抽采量降低,底板穿层钻孔抽采量则增高,而高位钻孔抽采量比较平稳。4 结论煤层气综合抽采技术是伴随着煤矿瓦斯需求而逐渐发展和完善,特别对软煤、低渗透率储层的煤层气抽采有较好的效果,成为采煤-采气一体化最有效的技术手段之一,具有借鉴和推广作用和意义。但也看到,比如采动区抽采地面井的井壁结构,穿层钻孔的封孔还需要从技术与工艺上进一步改进,以及降低工程成本,以利于大范围应用。参考文献程远半,俞启备.2007.中国煤矿区域性瓦斯治理技术的发展[J].采矿与安全工程学报.24(4):383~390姜波,秦勇,范柄恒等.2001.淮北地区煤储层物性及煤层气勘探前景[J].中国矿业大学学报.30(5):433~437

九龙江流域基础地理信息图的获得方法：如果是工作用，建议去福建省基础地理信息中心购买，那里应该有；如果是自己用，在网站找一个开源地图数据，比如LocaSpaceViewer全国地质图，然后，把九龙江流域的水系数据提出来即可。水系图的含义：水系图（drainage map）是不用地形等高线表示地貌形态，而着重表示水系分布的一种地理底图，常根据航空像片绘制。在任务急需又缺乏地形图的情况下，可作为填绘或编制各种地质图件的底图。LocaSpaceViewer（LSV）三维数字地球软件，小巧专业、绿色的影像、高程、倾斜摄影数据阅读器，支持离线使用。集成了Google Earth、天地图等影像和三维地形在线服务。底层开发技术采用C++、OpenGL。软件能够快速地浏览、测量、分析和标注三维地理信息数据和倾斜摄影实景数据。LocaSpace Viewer（LSV）主要特点:1、同时支持Google Earth影像、Google Earth地形、百度地图、天地图、微软地图，多数据来源自由切换。2、绿色免安装，不必安装任何第三方软件，可离线操作。3、快速的三维模型浏览，支持大批量数据。4、领先的倾斜摄影数据浏览。5、流畅的二、三维地理数据浏览，支持多种格式。6、便捷的标注、测量、分析功能。7、灵活的飞行浏览模式，支持三维场景的飞行浏览和多视角浏览。

给水与排水water supply是供水的意思drainage 是排水的意思，倾向于指排污水；给排水是工程中的一个重要专业方向

A安全开采量 safe yieldB坝下渗流 seepage beneath a dam白云石( 岩) 化 dolomitization白云岩 dolomite半承压层 semi-confining stratum半干旱地区 semiarid region半衰期 half-life包气带 zone of aeration饱和水流 saturated flow饱和指数 saturation index饱水带 zone of saturation保护带 protection zone贝叶斯理论 Bayes theorem背景浓度 background concentration比表面 specific surface area比弹性给水度 specific storage比热 specific heat闭合( 不闭合) 流域 enclosed ( non-enclosed) basin闭系统 closed system边界条件 boundary condition边缘( 际) 分布 marginal distribution变差系数 coefficient of variation变密度流 density-dependent flow变异图 variogram变质岩 metamorphic rock辫状河 braided river/stream标准差 standard deviation表面张力 surface tension滨海含水层 coastal aquifer冰川堆积，冰碛物 glacial deposit冰川融水 glacial meltwater冰心 ice core薄膜水 pellicular water补充，补给 replenishment补给地下水的河流 influent river补给井 recharge well捕获区 capture zone不规则网格 irregular mesh不混溶流 immiscible flow不可逆过程 irreversible process不可再生资源 nonrenewable resource不确定性 uncertainty不透水层 aquifuge，impervious formation不透水断层 impervious faultC采( 水) 样方法 water sampling method参数估计 parameter estimation参数识别 parameter identification残余降深 residual drawdown测量误差 measurement error测压水面 piezometric surface， potentiometric surface测压水头 piezometric head测压水位图 potentiometric map层流 laminar flow常年河 perennial stream潮汐 tide潮汐系数( 效率) tidal efficiency潮汐效应 tidal effect沉积物 sediment沉积序列 depositional sequence沉积岩 sedimentary rock沉积作用 sedimentation承压含水层 confined aquifer，pressure aquifer持水度 specific retention持续开采量 sustained yield尺度效应 scale effect冲积层( 物) alluvium冲积谷地 alluvial valley冲积裙 alluvial apron冲积扇 alluvial fan抽出处理系统 pump and treat system抽水井 pumping well抽水试验 pumping test抽 － 注水系统 injection-withdrawal system初生水 juvenile water初始条件 initial condition储水系数 storage coefficient，storativity氚 tritium氚单位 tritium unit穿透曲线 breakthrough curve传播 propagation垂向剖面 vertical cross section次生孔隙 secondary interstice/porosityD达西定律 Darcy"s law达西流速 Darcian velocity大陆漂移 continental drift大陆效应 continental effect大气降水线 meteoric water line大气降水与原生水 meteoric and original formation water大气水起源 meteoric origin大气压力 atmospheric pressure， barometric pressure带宽 bandwidth单纯形法 simplex method单位降深 specific drawdown单位流量 specific discharge氮 nitrogen当量 equilibrium weight，equivalent挡土墙 retaining wall氘 deuterium氘盈余( 过剩) deuterium excess导水系数 transmissivity等势 线/面，等 水 头 线/面 equipotential line / surface等温条件 isothermal condition等温吸附 absorption isotherm等温吸附线 sorption isotherm等值线图 contour map狄里克莱边界条件 Dirichlet condition地表径流 surface runoff地表水 surface water地面沉降 land subsidence地球物理方法 geophysical method地热井 geothermal well地热能 geothermal energy地热田 geothermal field地热温标 geothermometer地热学 geothermics地温 ground temperature地温( 热) 异常 geothermal anomaly地温梯度 geothermal gradient地下河，暗河 underground river地下露头，隐伏露头 subcrop地下热水 geothermal water地下水 groundwater，subsurface water地下水补给的河流 effluent river地下水定年 age dating of groundwater地下水分水岭( 线) groundwater divide地下水管理 groundwater management地下水监测 groundwater monitoring地下水开采动态 groundwater regime under exploitation地下水盆地 groundwater basin地下水水量 groundwater quantity地下水水质 groundwater quality地下水污染 pollution of groundwater地下水系统管理 management of a ground- w ater system地下水组分 groundwater composition地形( 学) topography地震 earthquake地震强度 seismicity地质统计模型 geostatistical model地质图 geologic map蒂姆公式 Thiem equation点源 point source电测深 electrical sounding电导 electrical conductance电导率 electrical conductivity电离常数 ionization constant电阻率 resistivity调和平均 harmonic mean迭代 iteration叠加 superposition定量分析 quantitative analysis定水头边界 constant head boundary定性分析 qualitative analysis动态平衡 dynamic equilibrium堵塞 clogging断层泉 fault spring断裂，断层 fault对流 convection对流 －扩散方程 advection-diffusion equation对 流 － 弥 散 方 程 advection-dispersion equation对偶问题 dual problem对数正态分布 lognormal distribution多边形 polygon多含水层系统 multi-aquifer system多井系统 multiple well systems多目标决策 multiple objective decision多目标优化技术 multi-objective optimization technology多相流动 multiphase flow多项式 polynomial惰性气体 noble gasE二维流动 two-dimensional flow二氧化碳 carbon dioxideF反应速率 reaction rate方差 variance方解石 calcite放射性衰变 radioactive decay放射性同位素 radioisotope，radioactive isotope非饱和带 unsaturated zone非饱和流 unsaturated flow非承压水流 unconfined flow非降解污染物 conservative pollutant非均质 heterogeneity非水相液体 nonaqueous phase liquid非完整井 partially penetrating well非稳定流 nonsteady flow，transient flow， unsteady flow非线性方程 nonlinear equation废井 abandoned well沸泉 boiling spring费克定律 Fick"s law分布 参 数 模 型 model with distributed parameter分布式( 面) 汇/源 distributed sink/source分布式( 面) 污 染 源 distributed pollutant source分界面 interface分馏 fractionation分水岭( 线) water divide分子 molecule丰度 abundance 风化 weathering幅度 amplitude俯冲作用 subduction腐蚀 corrosion腐殖酸 humic acid傅里叶变换 Fourier transformG钙 calcium钙华 travertine钙华 tufa概率密度函数 probability density function概率模型 probabilistic model概念模型 conceptual model干旱地区 arid region干热岩 hot dry rock高程效应 altitude effect，elevation effect戈壁 gobis格点，网格 grid隔水边界 no-flow boundary隔水层 aquiclude，confining layer隔水底板 lower confining bed隔水顶板 upper confining bed各态历经，遍历性 ergodicity各向同性 isotropy各向异性 anisotropy给定水头边界 boundary of specified head给水度 specific yield供水 water supply估计误差 error of estimate古气候 paleoclimate古岩溶 palaeokarst固结 consolidation固体潮 earth tide固体废物 solid waste固体溶解度 solid solubility观测井 observation well观测井布置 observation well placement管理问题 management problem灌浆帷幕 grout curtain硅酸盐 silicate国际原子能机构 International Atomic En- ergy Agency过饱和 supersaturation过渡带 intermediate zone，transition zone过量开采 over-exploitationH海底泉 submarine spring海水入侵 sea water intrusion含水层 aquifer含水层参数识别 identification of aquifer parameter含水层系统 aquifer system含水带 water-bearing zone含水量 water content含水率( 量) moisture content含盐量，盐度 salinity焓 enthalpy寒武 － 奥陶系含水层 Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer好氧生物降解 aerobic biodegradation河川径流 stream runoff河床 river bed河流堆积，冲积物 fluvial deposit( 河流) 源头 headwater核废物处置库 nuclear waste repository痕量金属 trace metal痕量元素 trace element恒温带 constant temperature zone横向弥散 transverse dispersion宏观大尺度研究 macroscopic and larger scale study宏观弥散 macrodispersion宏观水平( 尺度) macroscopic level宏观值 macroscopic value后处理程序 postprocessor湖积物 lacustrine deposit花岗岩 granite滑坡 landslide化石水 fossil water环境同位素 environmental isotope黄铁矿 pyrite黄土 loess灰色系统 grey system灰岩 limestone恢复曲线 recovery curve恢复试验 recovery test回归 regression回归水流 return flow回填土 backfill soil汇( 点) sink ( point)混凝土坝 concrete dam活动( 不活动) 结点 active ( inactive) node活度 activity活度系数 activity coefficient火成岩 igneous rock火山岩 volcanic rockJ迹线 path line基本流动方程 fundamental equation for flow基流 base flow基台( 值) sill基岩 bedrock基准 benchmark基准面 datum level吉本 － 赫兹伯格公式 Ghyben-Herzberg relation极坐标 polar coordinate集中参数模型 lumped parameter model几何平均 geometric mean季风 monsoon季节变化 seasonal variation季节效应 seasonal effect迦辽金法 Galerkin method间歇喷泉 geyser间歇性河流 intermittent stream碱度 alkalinity降落漏斗 cone of depression，drawdown cone降深曲线 drawdown curve降水( 量) precipitation降雨 rainfall阶梯( 分级) 降深试验 step-drawdown test接触泉 contact spring接受概率 acceptance probability节理 joint结晶岩 crystalline rock截断误差 truncation error解析法 analytical method/approach解析解 analytical solution解译，解释 interpretation界面张力 interfacial tension井的单位涌水量 specific well discharge井的涌水量 discharge of well井函数 well function井水力学 well hydraulics井损 well loss井位 well location静水压力 hydrostatic pressure局域( 部) 流动系统 local flow system决策变量 decision variable均质 homogeneityK开采方案 pumping scheme开采井 extraction well柯西( 混合) 边界条件 Cauchy boundary condition可持续性 sustainability可 溶 性 总 固 体， 总 溶 解 固 体 total dissolved solids可溶盐 soluble salt可湿性 wettability可行解 feasible solution可再生资源 renewable resource克里格法 Kriging method孔( 空) 隙比 void ratio孔隙度 porosity控制方程 governing equation块金效应 nugget effect矿泉 mineral spring亏水河，补给潜水河 losing stream扩散 diffusionL垃圾填埋场 landfill拉格朗日法 Lagrangian approach拉普拉斯方程 Laplace equation雷诺数 Reynold"s number累积频率函数 cumulative frequency function离子 ion离子活度积 ion activity product离子交换作用 ion exchange离子强度 ionic strength历时曲线 duration curve历史匹配 history matching粒子跟踪 particle tracking连续性方程 continuity equation裂谷 rift裂隙 fissure，fracture裂隙泉 fracture spring临界深度 critical depth临界压力 threshold pressure零通量边界 no-flux boundary流场绘制 hydraulic head field mapping流动方程 flow equation流函数 stream function流量边界 flux boundary流量计 current meter，flowmeter流失河，失水河 lost river流网 flow net流线 flow line，streamline流域 watershed硫 －34 sulfur －34硫酸盐，硫酸根 sulfate隆升( 起) uplift露点 dew point露头 exposure，outcrop卤水 brine滤水管，筛管 screen滤水管直径 screen diameter铝硅酸盐 aluminum silicate氯 －36 chlorine －36氯化物，氯离子 chloride轮廓 lineament落水洞 sinkhole，ponorM盲谷 blind valley毛细水 capillary water毛细水带 capillary zone/fringe毛细现象 capillarity玫瑰花图 rose diagram美 国 环 境 保 护 局 United States Environmental Protection Agency镁 magnesium蒙特卡罗法 Monte-Carlo method蒙脱石 － 伊利石转化 montmorillonite-illite transformation弥散 dispersion弥散系数 dispersion coefficient敏感 性 分 析，灵 敏 度 分 析 sensitivity analysis模型参数 model parameter模型识别 model identification目标函数 objective functionN内插法 interpolation内流( 陆) 盆地 endorheic basin内流区 blind drainage area 内摩擦角 angle of internal friction钠 sodium钠吸附比 sodium-adsorption ratio泥石流 debris flow拟合 fit拟合，匹配 match逆冲断层 thrust fault逆问题 inverse problem黏结性土壤 cohesive soil粘土 clay粘性土 clay soil纽曼( 流量) 边界 Neuman condition浓度梯度 concentration gradient浓缩 condensationO欧拉法 Eularian approachP排水 drainage排水，疏干 dewater排泄 discharge排泄区 discharge area派珀图 Piper diagram配线法 curve-matching procedure偏态系数 coefficient of skewness偏微分方程 partial differential equation平衡常数 equilibrium constant平均滞留时间 mean residence time平稳 stationarity坡面漫流 overland flow剖分，离散 discretization剖面 profile普通克里格 ordinary KrigingQ期望值 expected value气压 air pressure气压效应 effect of barometric pressure前处理程序 preprocessor潜水补给河，盈水河 gaining stream潜水含水层 phreatic aquifer，water table aquifer，unconfined aquifer潜水面 phreatic surface，water table浅 层 地 温 ( 热) 能 shallow geothermal energy浅井 shallow dug well侵蚀 erosion氢 hydrogen裘布依假设 Dupuit assumption/hypothesis区域 地 下 水 流 动 regional groundwater flow去丛 declustering权函数 weighted function泉 spring泉华 sinter泉流量 spring discharge全球 性 海 平 面 变 化 eustatic sea-level change确定性模型 deterministic modelR热泵 heat pump热储( 层) geothermal reservoir热导率 heat conductivity，thermal conductivity热交换 heat exchange热力学第一定律 first law of thermodynamics热流 heat flow热容 heat capacity热污染 thermal contamination人工补给 artificial recharge容水率 water capacity容许公差 error tolerance溶度积 solubility product溶剂 solvent溶解氧 dissolved oxygen溶解与沉淀 dissolution and precipitation溶蚀洞穴 solution cavern溶蚀通道 solution channel溶质 solute溶质运移方程 mass transport equation入渗 infiltration瑞利分馏 Rayleigh distillation瑞利效应 Rayleigh effect弱透水层 aquitard，semipervious layerS三维流 three-dimensional flow三线图 trilinear diagram散点图 scatterplot沙丘 dune砂岩 sandstone山前地带 piedmont山区 mountainous terrain熵 entropy上层滞水含水层 perched aquifer深层沉积水

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意思是排除废水系统

英语是：Gutter采纳啊！

1.3 Water Construction and ultimately, water, water underground engineering projects are often the root cause of the accident, so the water can handle the title of an underground construction safety construction of the second two elements. Down the drainage is not only related to the improvement of workers digging the next hole, finishing the working conditions, but also to improve soil strength (power up) to reduce the resilience and reduce the deformation of the measures, but also the longitudinal stability of an important measure to prevent landslides. After the excavation slope due to a water level difference before and after, they have water in the seepage slopes, the stability of the slope is very negative. Attaches great importance to water down the effect of lowering the effect of drainage is also essential to rapid construction of an important guarantee. Foundation works so well out of water and dark water sparse row row down the importance of deep foundation pit construction is an indispensable technical measures. 2 in the deep excavation of the common dangers of unsafe 2.1 The timeliness of support is the key process Currently not reflected in the site inspection, the majority of non-recorded, asking not to support the parapet wall Wai long exposure time? A hard nut to crack, a few have been carefully asked "In the 5 ~ 7h, to spend more than 19h on the support up." From the "monitoring statements" to reflect the value of some deformation of the measuring point a lot, there have been alarm (with a total value, but also changes in the value of one day) but did not see the measures recorded. 2.2 support the reliability, validity problems more (1) more welding braces site without Yang welding, seam welding bend only the quality of fail, leakage welding, spot welding a large number of discontinuity. This will cause bracing shear due to the larger danger arising脱焊. (2) Almost every site has Lease-shaped pin (Transmission pad) but the depth of mutual covenant of the people, 42cm-long needle-shaped Lease, and some had only契入5cm, the formation of eccentric transmission. Were caused by a single eccentric and two契入Transmission Lease-shaped pad with the Lease, or even useful to the 3-pin with the契入. Some stations used telescopic box section of the first active, the box itself has a telescopic slope above, so only a single transmission block-shaped pad of mutual covenant, but also useful in the 2, 3契入, resulting in eccentric mass force. Of course, there are better site designed 42cm long power pad mass, after the top of mutual covenant to maintain a high degree of control but the outer edge of a high degree of φ609. (3) to support the underground pressure and end-plate affixed to the wall does not close, and some to pad with iron, there have also been used to pad the wood, resulting in eccentric: a good site, end-plate welding of the Center 200mmx200mmx20mm force pad, and its neighboring Shaanxi and mortar by double side pad. (4) Some of the site in support of the soil on the pile of concrete blocks or pressure support was often not regard as a matter of individual sites had the bulldozers in the steel support plate and covered walkways, parking the excavator digging machine severe regulations. (5) Some sites even use steel instead of φ16 and φ25 Transmission Pad, and also useful in lieu of 2cm thick 4cm thick plastic block. (6) there is support not straight (horizontal direction), there are loose bolts (the existence of more sites), also the lack of individual support bolts. (7) Lease-shaped pad Transmission processing non-standard, no longer use gas cutting plane level after processing. Lease a result, the use of Transmission-shaped pad is not formed, there are crimping burr, not of mutual covenant, and have eccentric transmission. It should be said that without planer and Lease processing pad-shaped slope of transmission does not - to shape the Lease are not allowed to use the pad. Width should be more prepared granulosus huge different pad, used to adjust the active length of the first paragraph scalable, and Lease-shaped pad is used Transmission Transmission Lease tight. (8) widespread support of the middle column and the vertical beam pile hoop holds too have died, can not be adjusted when necessary.

Have various headwaters to continuously flow out into the underground in the mineral well the production, such as the groundwater, atmosphere decline water, produce use water and adopt empty the area flow out water etc..These flow out water to gather together well bottom, meeting the influence produce normal carry on, such as can not compare with eject still have already drowned mineral well of dangerous.The mineral well drain the mission of equipments be eject to continuously flow out into underground of flow out water, create good of labor environment, assurance the mineral well be normal produce and safety.Therefore mineral well drain equipments" being a mineral mountain is a mineral mountain the equipments of the essential to have, assurance it stability, credibility, economy operation to the whole mineral well produce have importance meaning. 1. Water pumpHave to there are work, back up and check to fix water pump, work water pump should ability eject mineral well within 20 hours for 24 hours of normal flow out water quantity, back up water pump of ability should be no smaller than 70% that work water"s pump, work and back up water pump of total ability, should ability eject mineral well within 20 hours for 24 hours of biggest flow out water quantity.The check fix water the ability of the pump should be no smaller than work water pump 25% of ability. 2.pipe lineHave to there is work and back up pipe line.Work pipe line should ability match work water pump eject mineral well within 20 hours for 24 hours of normal flow out water quantity, work and back up a pipe line of total ability, should ability match work and back up water pump eject within 20 hours for 24 hours of biggest flow out water quantity. 3.water pump house exportThe lord pump house has two exports at least, 1 use inclined lane and well tube mutually, it export Gao Chu 7 m in the pump house ground above.Another the well bottom car field, should export inside passage, should constitution fire prevention watertightness closeness door.Elevation in the pump house ground should the Gao is at the well bottom car field 0.5 m. 4.power supply circuitMineral mountain lord drain the equipments belong to mineral mountain a class burden, power supply circuit can not less than two back track, be when one among those back tracks cut off power supply, another one back track should ability burden all power supply for carry. 5.drain an equipments have to at more high-efficiency descend a work. Two.according to mission book request, carry on a related design calculation1.first step choice drain projectAccording to mineral well depth, expand all of the dissimilarities that system and each level flow out water quantity, drain the system can adopt dissimilarity of project.Mineral well drain equipments adoption what drain system, beard through technique economy comparison empress again assurance.Under the premise that technique economy reasonable, drain system should as far as possible simplification. 2.carry on an equipments to choose type and related calculationIn this design, according to, value and mineral water property, choose to use three kinds of dissimilarity water pump, through school check, check end expel two kinds of project. 3.assurance the tube road system and assurance necessity but reasonable of tube road enclosure and amount, and draw tube road system diagram. 4.the calculation tube road characteristic, make tube road characteristic curve, and assurance equipments work conditionReasonable of work condition BE, work condition point Be located on industry make use of to be partial to a big discharge block inside area, and work condition point of the efficiency be more than 70%, be work condition point Be located on industry make use of the area small discharge block or outrun industry make use of area, if pump choice reasonable, all elucidation tube road system choice of not reasonable, should afresh choice tube road system. 5.calculation water pump of allow and absorb water height combine the school check catchment timeIn the mineral well the catchment actual of absorb water height have to be small in or equal to allow to absorb water height.For insure water pump normal work, should will calculation of result give up to the fraction part, but take whole, if absorb water height small or so at the 3.5 m, should consideration assistance pump note water or other measure with insure water pump normal work;Normal flow out water of drain time with biggest flow out water of drain time all should small in or equal for 20 hours. 6.assurance water pump of model number, set number and the tube road systemUnder the premise that satisfy reasonable work condition, if water of two kinds(contain above) of model number pump and it tube road system(2 kind and above tube path) all satisfy drain request, respectively calculation equip efficiency, choice equip efficiency Gao of pump and tube the road system be an optimization of drain equipments. End, carry on to the project remain economy check, with ton water 100 meters expenses and initial stage devotion for index sign sieving end project. The choice system kit enclosure, according to water choose pump and electrical engineering of shape size and install request, and consideration it circulate condition, assurance note the shape size of water pump house, end assurance arrange of pump house and tube road diagram. Three.to the leaf of the water pump round the structure form carry on analysis and the structure parameter which counteract speed coefficient a method to leaf"s round carry on a design calculation. Leaf"s round is the main spare parts which leave the heart type water pump, pressing it to absorb water a way can is divided into list the absorb type leaf"s round of the absorb type leaf"s round and double 2 kind;Overlaying a circumstance according to its cover plank can is divided into an open type, the half open type and close the type leaf"s round 3 kind. Leaf"s round several main parameter has a leaf a round import diameter D, leaf slice import diameter D, leaf round round Gu diameter d, leaf slice enter quarrel, leaf the round export diameter D, leaf the round export width b, leaf slice quarrel and leaf number Z.Leaf round import several the parameter be muddy to vapor to have importance influence, leaf the round export is several what the parameter have to the function(H, Q) main influence, but both all have influence to the efficiency.

Water supply and drainage engineering and Science

door, opened the entrance door of compressed air filters, air scrubbing, scrubbed after compressed air filter clearance entrance door. 6. To start anti-washing pump, the anti-washing the entrance door, anti-washing drainage doors, traffic is gradually increasing, anti-water wash to clarify 7. Anti-washing after washing the entrance door is opened, air door, customs anti-washing the entrance door, anti-washing drainage doors, air doors open water after being washed drainage door, customs air doors are washed to the water turbidity ≤ 2mg / L after the end of being washed, back-up or put into operation; 8. Activated carbon filters debugging, inspection equipment, the internal parts, check the installation with the design requirements, whether a high degree of filter loading meet the demand. 9. When the activated carbon filter and put into operation, as well as import and export of the initial pressure ≥ 0.05MPa or water turbidity ≥ 2mg / L when the filter should be anti-wash A reverse osmosis equipment put into operation: full-reverse osmosis production valve, semi-open dense water discharge valves and high-pressure pump manually export manual valve, when the security filter outlet pressure> 0.01MPa when to start high-pressure pump, open the high-pressure pump export pneumatic valve to regulate the export of high-pressure pump valve manually, so that the pressure slowly rose to run the pressure to regulate the export of high-pressure pump control valve so that the total flow of water to reach 28t / h, strong regulation of water discharge valve so that water flow to achieve strong 9.3t / h, to a box of fresh water for fresh water 2 reverse osmosis equipment put into operation: the use of fresh water pump for reverse osmosis pressure vessel for two wash, rinse after loaded membrane, and then use fresh water pump for reverse osmosis two low-pressure washing equipment. After the low-pressure washing, full-II Reverse middle-class valve, the two reverse osmosis concentration of relief valves and high pressure water pump outlet valve manually, when two high-pressure pump inlet pressure> 0.01MPa, the start of high pressure pumps, high-pressure pump to run up to the rated speed of a few seconds, open the exports of high-pressure pump pneumatic valve to regulate the export of high-pressure pump valve manually, so that the pressure slowly rose to run the pressure to regulate the export of high-pressure pump control valve so that the total flow of water to reach 20t / h, half-open dense water recycling manual valve clearance Concentrated water discharge electric valve to regulate the concentration of water recycling valve manually, so that water flow to achieve strong 3.5t / h, to two boxes of fresh water for fresh water Mixed Bed first regeneration, yin, yang resin designed load capacity, mixed bed of a variety of forms, such as pressure gauges, flow meter, such as checking compliance; online chemical instrumentation such as conductivity table, silicon sheet, etc. Check after passing input, renewable pump commissioning, regeneration flow meter and acid, alkali concentration Table checksum qualified. Anti-wash stratified: open anti-washing water, anti-wash drainage pneumatic doors, start fresh water pump, using anti-hand-washing doors flow regulation, as the supreme anti-washing resin hole centerline, Customs anti-washing water, anti-wash drainage pneumatic doors, still five minutes to make resin according to the proportion of the full settlement; Water: Open air doors, is to wash drainage gate, water resin layer to 100mm; Resin Regeneration: Mixed Bed for the first time the theory of renewable dose 3-4 times the amount of renewable renewable way synchronization to take acid-base, the mixed-bed intermediate drainage door, start renewable water pumps, open mixed bed acid, alkali door import and export metering pumps, acid alkali metering pump inlet valves export links, adjusting the flow of 4m3 / h or so, adjusting the concentration of hydrochloric acid regeneration solution for 1.5-3.0%, renewable liquid alkali concentration of about 1.5-2.0% Progressive base after stopping acid-base metering pumps, metering pumps into the clearance of acid-base acid-base gate, continue to water replacement within 30 minutes; Stop renewable pumps, Kwan ranked run the entrance door opened doors, air doors, start fresh water pumps, air doors after drainage clearance air door, opened the door drainage is washing is washing of yin and yang resin 15-20 minutes; Drainage: customs and operating in the entrance door, open air door, the door from being washed drainage drainage, drainage holes can be seen as the supreme clearance after the water level is ranked the door; Air mixed fat: compressed air to open the door to control the gauge pressure of about 0.2MPa until evenly mixed lipid clearance compressed air after the doors opened was washed drainage speed doors, to make resin rapid settlement; The total is washing: Run the entrance door opened the door to the air after the water, is scheduled to open the door, customs air doors, is to wash water mixed bed SiO2 ≤ 20μg / L, DD <0.3μs/cm put into operation or standby. 回答者： dfnhyl - 千总 四级 1-22 16:125 after service, open air filter, open doors for washing drainage door is most to equipment, drainage drain on the peephole, shut the door open, washing drainage is compressed air filter, air entrance doors after scrubbing, scrubbing, compressed air entrance door. Filter 6 start backwashing pumps, open the door, wash entrance door, washing drainage flow increase gradually, the water to wash to clarify 7 after washing, open the door, the air is washed entrance door, the door shut backwashing entrance door, washing drainage water, air door open is seen after washing drainage door, door, are washed off the air to the effluent turbidity acuities 2mg/L after washing, spare or operation is, 8 activated carbon filter, check the commissioning of the internal components and equipment installation check whether comply with the design requirements of the filter material, whether appropriate height. Loading 9 when activated carbon filter first operation and pressure.all p 0.05 MPa or effluent turbidity 2mg p/L should backwashing. When filter Level of reverse-osmosis equipment operation: open water valve and reverse osmosis half-open strong water drain valve and manual pressure pump export manual valve outlet pressure, when the security filter > start 0.01 MPa pressure pump, open the high-pressure pump export pneumatic valve, adjust the high-pressure pump export manual valve, pressure regulating pressure to run slowly, high-pressure pump export to achieve overall 28t water regulator, adjust the strong water/h, no throttle discharge valves to reach 9.3 t/h, fresh water tank for water to the level Secondary ro device using fresh water pump powerstation: the reverse osmosis pressure vessel flushing, rinse and membrane, then use motor-home of secondary pump light reverse-osmosis equipment for low pressure after rinse rinse. Second, open water valve reverse osmosis, secondary reverse osmosis strong water drain valve and high-pressure pump export manual valve, when the secondary high-pressure pump inlet pressure > 0.01 start MPa pressure pump, high-pressure pump operation of the rated speed after a few seconds, open the high-pressure pump export solenoid, adjust the high-pressure pump export manual valve, pressure regulating pressure to run slowly and water pressure pump export 20t to make overall regulator, 50 strong water/h, recycling manual valve shut strong water drain valve, adjust the strong water power recovery, make no throttle manual valve reaches 3.5 t/h, fresh water tank for water to secondary Mixed bed first, Yin and Yang resin regeneration SheJiLiang load, mix according to the bed of meter as pressure gauge, flow checked; etc. Online chemical instrumentation such as conductivity, silicon table after checked, regeneration and commissioning pump flow and acid, alkali concentration checked table. Backwashing stratified: backwashing water, drainage, pneumatic door backwashing start fresh water pumps, using hand moving gate adjust flow backwashing resin supreme depending on the centerline and hole Shut the wash water, drainage, wash the pneumatic door, static 5 minutes; according to the proportion of full settlement of resin, Setting: open door, are washed air, water drainage and 100mm on resin layer, Resin regeneration: first mixed bed regenerative dose of theory of 3-4 times, acid and alkali synchronous regenerative way to regenerate, the open door, among the mixed bed drainage pump start-up regeneration, mixed bed acid, alkali, acid and alkali metering pump export metering pump export tee inlet valve and adjust flow are 4m3 / h, adjust the concentration of regeneration hydrochloric acid, alkali: 3.0% 1.5 - liquid concentration for regeneration 1.5-2.0% Acid, alkali after into metering pump, alkali, acid and alkali metering pump into the water gate to displacement 30 minutes, Stop regeneration pump, open doors guanzhong exhaust air entrance door, the door of running water, air and start light door closed door, after the drainage is open air, wash washing drainage door Yin resin for 15-20 minutes, Drainage: shut, open air entrance door run by washing drainage door, door, drainage hole drainage water is supreme depending on the door; GuanZhengPai Air is mixed fat: open door, control of compressed air pressure to mix, 0.2 MPa lipid evenly and compressed air door closed door open, make washing drainage is rapid subsidence, resin, Total is washed: open door to door of air inlet running water, open doors are row after, air, water wash to mixed bed is more than 20 mu g/SiO2, DD < 0.3 muon L s/commissioning or cm.

water supply and drainage project给水排水工程双语对照例句:1.Design code of water supply and drainage for substation. 变电所给水排水设计规程。2.Introduction of water supply and drainage design for qingpu branch of shanghaihome cosmetics united co. 上海家化联合公司青浦分厂给排水设计介绍。

Characteristics of resin concrete With concrete forming, and can be cast into complex shapes, and sizes accurate; higher strength / weight ratio, high resistance and high flexural capacity; completely free of cement and water, water effect, and no capillarity, non-absorbent, even though erosion has also only happen on the surface will not affect the structural integrity. Structural characteristics of stability, free of chemical residues, like the glass-like environment of stability, on the environment will not cause any pollution. Binder easy sealing of the highest in the processing site (such as drilling, cutting, etc.), not to cause loss of quality and function. Advantages: Compressive and flexural strength Resin molecular structure of three-dimensional mesh, with the filler reaction time can produce a strong bonding capacity, so its very high compressive and flexural strength, compressive strength can be as high as specially designed 2500kg/cm2 Acid PH as high as anti-PH1 --- 10. Polyester resin concrete corrosion resistance, and for bio-erosion and acid sulfate soil resistance excellent. Corrosion-resistant Without pores, non-absorbent, all the erosion, damage to both block out to prevent biological growth on the surface, destruction; to prevent harmful organisms have any chance of survival. Short ultra-high concentrations of chemical corrosion, due to the high volume of aggregate fill, and no capillarity, destruction will only happen on the surface, not depth of concrete internal and undermine structural strength. Environmental Stability After the polyester resin cement concrete than the thermoplastic resin material of a higher stability. Like a glass-like stability. High strength, good environmental stability in the domestic green environmental protection belong to the second category of materials; in the European Union, permit recovery of re-rolling into the use of gravel, or even directly as roadbed material, and no environmental pollution problems. Weather resistance good Has a good Weather resistance, even in extremely adverse circumstances still has not rattle or damage arising from the phenomenon. Due to the molecular structure of stability, with good anti-UV ability, unlike the general engineering plastics because of ultraviolet radiation caused by material aging, brittle fracture phenomenon. Freeze-thaw resistant, do not fear chilling injury, the use of safe areas in the Alpine snow. Long life In the correct specification and installation, the almost unlimited design life, it strongly suggested that the best joints with sealing material. Compared with the cement concrete, plastic and other materials, the use of life high, the annual amortization cost is relatively low, so the use of resin concrete material is much higher than the economic benefits of other materials. Light weight, size precision Strength / weight ratio extremely high. Standardize the intensity of the same products, can reduce the material thickness, can substantially reduce the weight of finished product, so that lightweight products. And lower transport, lifting, digging and other costs. Plasticity, and can be a variety of different specifications according to the size of the shape of the production of precision. Easy processing, installation, mount The experiment proved that the bending fracture tests, the bond bending again, not by the original fracture断裂处; conducive to connect, and then, but also enhance the overall water tightness. With the construction of easy, convenient installation, etc., for the control period of great help. Easily processed, can be drilled, cut, and other processing. Surface smooth, maintenance-free maintenance Dense smooth surface, roughness coefficient n = 0.010, hydraulic characteristics of good and difficult to accumulation of sediments can reduce the frequency of maintenance. May from time to time by high-pressure water rinse for removal of sediment deposition relatively easy, and not seem like concrete, has the risk of damage, save maintenance costs. Freeze-thaw resistance Alternate freezing and thawing will reduce the performance of cement, while the impact of resin concrete is very small, because it lacked concrete resin water absorption of the pore structure, carried out 1600 times freeze-thaw test the quality of performance did not happen changes. Anti-permeability and water absorption Resin concrete water absorption by weight in less than 1%. Than wood and cement, to many small and permeability to 0. Cement concrete due to have part of the total water not involved in the response, while leaving the pores of different sizes backlash, and resin in the reaction of all involved in the final curing reaction, does not produce linked to the internal pore structure, and internal pore structure are mixed because when entering the air. Resin concrete U-shaped drainage channels on the scope of application This product is widely used abroad. Mainly applies to the municipal building, such as: street drainage, square drainage, highways, airports, wharves, parks, gardens, stadiums, etc., in Europe as long as it was the activities of the general public places have these products. Resin concrete composition is as follows: Filler: quartz sand, calcium carbonate Resin: unsaturated polyester resins Curing agent: methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP). Enhancers: bitter differences dilute solution of cobalt acetophenone.

The Rhine River has the historic importance and cultural tradition European rivers one, is also in the world one of most important industry transportation aortas. It originates in the Swiss domestic Alps, flows through Germany to pour into North Sea, Liechtenstein, Austria, France and Holland along the way have left behind its trail. The drainage area accounts for the German total area 40%, is Germany"s cradle. the Rhine River was the European transportation busiest aquatic channel since old times. Has merged the Roman Empire since the Rhine River basin, the Rhine River is one of European biggest transportation lines. Before the 19th century, this river multi-shipping value is expensive, but volume small cargo; But since the 19th century the second half century, this river"s transported goods volume increased greatly. middle on Seine"s Seine island has one outside the guest root city “the mouse tower”. It is said it is by Roman Marshal German road Wiese the customs duty tower which constructs in 8 B.C. Along the Rhine River, the attendance Saint elder brother Arab League and between Saint elder brother Asi Howson has the topography very dangerous narrow land sector, right side has the megalith to break out impressively, the straight thrust cloud day, this is “the Luolei Laishan cliff”. Has a historical famous city Lu Desi Heym in the Seine river bank, this is an antique small town, because it has a middle ancient times German Luosaier alley to be well-known. other, the Rhine River is also a romantic Holy Land, many lovers like here feeling the romantic atmosphere. As early as 200 years ago, the German romanticism time"s poet and the thinkers falls by Rhine River"s charm, has offered the innumerable beautiful poems for her, therefore had “200 year Seine to be romantic” a saying.

Duty hydraulic First, job title: Hydraulic Second, the direct superior: maintenance foreman Third, direct subordinates: Fourth, job responsibilities: 1, in strict accordance with procedures to ensure that requested the repair work of a single designated a timely and accurate completion. 2, is responsible for the hotel to the drainage system piping, valves, accessories and maintenance. 3, in charge of the steam system piping, valves, fire water, fire hydrant, pump and its maintenance and repair of accessories. 4, is responsible for sanitary rooms such as: shower heads, wash basins, taps, toilet, floor drain, such as equipment and facilities maintenance. 5, in charge of the kitchen, laundry taps, into the discharge pipe, floor drain, such as facilities maintenance. 6, the hotel building and all site underground pipes, floor drain and clean-up wells overcast, clear. 7, is responsible for refrigeration systems of the chilled water, cooling water, in charge of Road, valves and accessories maintenance. 8, in charge of Road is responsible for gas, valve accessories and repair and maintenance. 9, in charge of hotel living fountain, fire water tank cleaning, floor water tanks, expansion tanks and accessories, such as repair and maintenance. 10, the maintenance program in accordance with the above-mentioned system maintenance, maintenance. 11, the completion of the other superior matters. 12, is responsible for the frequency of inspection system in accordance with the seizure of equipment seized. 13, Statistics of water a day the hotel, gas on the energy consumption statements. Air-conditioning duty Captain First, post the name of: Air-conditioned room Second, the direct superior: running head Third, direct subordinates: air-conditioning works Fourth, job responsibilities: 1, the effective implementation of the work of managers to run commands, earnestly implement the responsibility system and operation of a point of order status, to ensure that the plumbing under the jurisdiction of the distribution of air-conditioning system, the normal operation of the boiler. 2, the formulation and management responsible for the implementation of the framework of the equipment maintenance program to ensure that these plans in accordance with predetermined norms, requirements, on time, completed by quality. 3, is responsible for formulating the team"s spare parts, spare parts program. 4, the implementation of job supervision and inspection under the jurisdiction of the scope of time to check equipment operation, sanitation, security, protection and prevent access to the engine room of non-civil servants to ensure that safety equipment. 5, receive and organize the implementation of Engineering Manager, run the scheduling manager to run day-to-day maintenance and transformation of command and supervision, inspection completion. 6, under the conduct of the business of technology and service awareness training, and is responsible for inspection, assessment, reward and punishment recommendations put forward. 7, do a good job of team management, to improve to take timely measures to improve the efficiency of transformation. 8, the strict implementation of equipment maintenance and repair system, in accordance with the "three clean": equipment, clean, room clean, clean workplaces; "four no leakage": No leakage, watertight, non-oil, do not leak; 9, the "five good": good performance, good seal, good lubrication, good fastening, adjusting the strict requirements of a good standard of staff. 10, equipment failure timely maintenance organizations found that risk to the timely processing of the good technical clearance, to ensure that the jurisdiction of system equipment are often a good state, when an important event of the failure of equipment, it is necessary to deal with the rapid organization and timely manner to the manager in charge of the comprehensive report. 11, to urge the implementation of pressure vessels, measuring instruments, safety devices, the annual maintenance and inspection work. 12, the completion of the work of other superior matters. Job responsibilities: 1, is responsible for the work of air conditioning plumbing, hot water supply. 2, in strict accordance with procedures to ensure the maintenance of a single designated a timely and accurate completion. 3, in charge of the hotel air-conditioning systems plumbing, water supply and drainage system, piping, valves and their maintenance and repair of accessories 4, keep the equipment room key works, alternative registration key to do a good job. 5, in the control room in charge of night shift on duty to deal with emergency repairs, personal capacity can not be in line failure, according to timely notify the machine repair classes or call the Victoria class. 6, a day on the hotel"s water, electricity, gas and other energy statistics of the situation to do a good job the next day, eight-point statement before the project office to pay. 7, in charge of hotel accessories, such as water tanks and maintenance. 8, in accordance with the maintenance program for air-conditioning system, hot water system maintenance, maintenance. 9, the completion of the work of other superior matters

那是防臭气倒灌的。拿走了，下水道会往外冒臭气。异味污染 2。不锈钢的还好区分，模具是什么样的下面的槽就是什么样的？（3）清理方不方便，不易清理4，一般不锈钢地漏价位在30-40块钱的和铜地漏在70-80块钱的地漏就可以了、自清能力差安徽富邦装饰工程设计有限公司 地漏水封高度标准为50mm。还有就是掂下重量一般锌合金的比较轻、面板的尺寸，只是铜的看起来比较有质感上档次，铜的和锌合金的就很难区分了：

引流的读音是：yǐnliú。引流的拼音是：yǐnliú词性是：动词注音是：一ㄣˇㄌ一ㄡ_结构是：引(左右结构)流(左右结构)。引流的具体解释是什么呢，我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍：一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】引流yǐnliú。(1)医∶依靠吸引力或重力从一个体腔或伤口抽取液体的行为、过程和办法。(2)传送的行为(如通过管子引水)。二、引证解释⒈导引水流。引晋潘岳《藉田赋》：“清洛浊渠，引流激水。”宋苏轼《喜雨亭记》：“引流种树，以为休息之所。”⒉谓通过外科手术排出体内脓液。三、国语词典由创口、脓疮、囊腺或体腔中将液体引出。词语翻译英语todrain,(medicine)_drainage四、网络解释引流引流物本身是异物，在体内放置时间过长，有在引流物周围发生感染的可能。因此，创腔放置的引流纱布每天应当更换，局部严格消毒。体内放置的引流管因不易更换，一般根据治疗需要保留数天不等。关于引流的诗句回旌引流电厌厌缓引流霞区区引流水关于引流的单词DraingedrainagetubedrainagedrainagepadDrainagebag关于引流的成语穿壁引光流言流说发引千钧长往远引旁引曲证关于引流的词语牵经引礼引经据古引商刻角引日成岁长往远引引鬼上门引车卖浆引狼入室发引千钧引锥刺股关于引流的造句1、方法：直接喉镜引导下经口行咽后脓肿切开引流术，术后辅以全身抗炎治疗。2、另外挖槽有吸引流势的作用，但没有改变洪水河势。3、如果无需使用包括固定面板的整套系统，可用编织绳将引流袋悬挂起来，并连接到患者连接线或引流器上。4、目的观察经内镜鼻胆管引流术治疗急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的疗效。5、排除万难，清除腐败，全力推动延宕已久的土地改革，大力吸引流失的国人回流。点此查看更多关于引流的详细信息

drain主要作动词drainage是drain的 名词形式

流域英语为river basin、valley、drainage area、drainage basin、watershed、basin、bason、catchment、valley catchment area、riverbasim、hydrographic basin。短语：流域长度：basin length流域等级：basin order流域范围：basin perimeter流域分界线：drainage divide流域高宽比：relief ratio流域管理：watershed management例句：He has a large farm in the Mississippi Valley.他在密西西比河流域拥有一个大农场。We flew northward to the Changjiang River Valley.我们往北向长江流域飞。A corpse was found yesterday in the Missouri basin.昨天在密苏里河流域发现了一具尸体。

引流的成语有：长往远引，穿壁引光，旁引曲证。引流的成语有：长往远引，流言流说，发引千钧。2：词性是、动词。3：拼音是、yǐnliú。4：注音是、一ㄣˇㄌ一ㄡ_。5：结构是、引(左右结构)流(左右结构)。引流的具体解释是什么呢，我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍：一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】引流yǐnliú。(1)医∶依靠吸引力或重力从一个体腔或伤口抽取液体的行为、过程和办法。(2)传送的行为(如通过管子引水)。二、引证解释⒈导引水流。引晋潘岳《藉田赋》：“清洛浊渠，引流激水。”宋苏轼《喜雨亭记》：“引流种树，以为休息之所。”⒉谓通过外科手术排出体内脓液。三、国语词典由创口、脓疮、囊腺或体腔中将液体引出。词语翻译英语todrain,(medicine)_drainage四、网络解释引流引流物本身是异物，在体内放置时间过长，有在引流物周围发生感染的可能。因此，创腔放置的引流纱布每天应当更换，局部严格消毒。体内放置的引流管因不易更换，一般根据治疗需要保留数天不等。关于引流的诗句引流坦溪曲区区引流水田园引流水关于引流的单词drainagepaddrainagetubeDraingeDrainagebagdrainage关于引流的词语牵经引礼长往远引旁引曲证穿壁引光引经据古引日成岁引鬼上门引狼入室引车卖浆引商刻角关于引流的造句1、据钟海涛说，医院内引流产或者病亡的死婴遗体被视为“医疗垃圾”，根据相关规定应当火葬。2、方法采用改良中心静脉导管腹腔内留置进行间断性腹水引流。3、目的观察经内镜鼻胆管引流术治疗急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的疗效。4、方法新型泪道探通引流装置由两端金属探子及中间软性硅胶管组成。5、结论：颌骨巨大囊肿口内开窗减压引流术能较迅速改变面部畸形，并促进囊性病变临近的新骨形成。点此查看更多关于引流的详细信息

引流的国语词典是：由创口、脓疮、囊腺或体腔中将液体引出。词语翻译英语todrain,(medicine)_drainage。引流的国语词典是：由创口、脓疮、囊腺或体腔中将液体引出。词语翻译英语todrain,(medicine)_drainage结构是：引(左右结构)流(左右结构)拼音是：yǐnliú注音是：一ㄣˇㄌ一ㄡ_词性是：动词。引流的具体解释是什么呢，我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍：一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】引流yǐnliú。(1)医∶依靠吸引力或重力从一个体腔或伤口抽取液体的行为、过程和办法。(2)传送的行为(如通过管子引水)。二、引证解释⒈导引水流。引晋潘岳《藉田赋》：“清洛浊渠，引流激水。”宋苏轼《喜雨亭记》：“引流种树，以为休息之所。”⒉谓通过外科手术排出体内脓液。三、网络解释引流引流物本身是异物，在体内放置时间过长，有在引流物周围发生感染的可能。因此，创腔放置的引流纱布每天应当更换，局部严格消毒。体内放置的引流管因不易更换，一般根据治疗需要保留数天不等。关于引流的诗句但引流霞歌白雪回旌引流电引流坦溪曲关于引流的单词DraingeDrainagebagdrainagetubedrainagedrainagepad关于引流的成语发引千钧旁引曲证流言流说穿壁引光长往远引关于引流的词语牵经引礼引经据古引狼入室引商刻角引过自责长往远引引鬼上门引车卖浆发引千钧引锥刺股关于引流的造句1、如果无需使用包括固定面板的整套系统，可用编织绳将引流袋悬挂起来，并连接到患者连接线或引流器上。2、结论是一种有效的横窦血液流量测定方法，可以从“量”的角度反映引流优势。3、排除万难，清除腐败，全力推动延宕已久的土地改革，大力吸引流失的国人回流。4、据钟海涛说，医院内引流产或者病亡的死婴遗体被视为“医疗垃圾”，根据相关规定应当火葬。5、另外挖槽有吸引流势的作用，但没有改变洪水河势。点此查看更多关于引流的详细信息

pipeline

通渠的意思是将渠道的淤塞物清除，所以英文是 drainage cleing 而通渠佬的英文是 drainage cleaner 2007-06-16 14:26:32 补充： To fan_len_kei plumbing是供水系统，drainage是排水系统。通渠只会通排水系统的管道。 通渠英文系 Drain Cleaning Drainage Cleaning 通渠佬英文系 Drainage Cleaner

引流的词语解释是：引流yǐnliú。(1)医∶依靠吸引力或重力从一个体腔或伤口抽取液体的行为、过程和办法。(2)传送的行为(如通过管子引水)。引流的词语解释是：引流yǐnliú。(1)医∶依靠吸引力或重力从一个体腔或伤口抽取液体的行为、过程和办法。(2)传送的行为(如通过管子引水)拼音是：yǐnliú结构是：引(左右结构)流(左右结构)词性是：动词注音是：一ㄣˇㄌ一ㄡ_。引流的具体解释是什么呢，我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍：一、引证解释【点此查看计划详细内容】⒈导引水流。引晋潘岳《藉田赋》：“清洛浊渠，引流激水。”宋苏轼《喜雨亭记》：“引流种树，以为休息之所。”⒉谓通过外科手术排出体内脓液。二、国语词典由创口、脓疮、囊腺或体腔中将液体引出。词语翻译英语todrain,(medicine)_drainage三、网络解释引流引流物本身是异物，在体内放置时间过长，有在引流物周围发生感染的可能。因此，创腔放置的引流纱布每天应当更换，局部严格消毒。体内放置的引流管因不易更换，一般根据治疗需要保留数天不等。关于引流的诗句更引流莺妒区区引流水厌厌缓引流霞关于引流的单词DraingedrainagedrainagepaddrainagetubeDrainagebag关于引流的成语发引千钧长往远引旁引曲证穿壁引光流言流说关于引流的词语引日成岁穿壁引光引经据古旁引曲证引锥刺股引商刻角牵经引礼引过自责长往远引引车卖浆关于引流的造句1、结论：颌骨巨大囊肿口内开窗减压引流术能较迅速改变面部畸形，并促进囊性病变临近的新骨形成。2、排除万难，清除腐败，全力推动延宕已久的土地改革，大力吸引流失的国人回流。3、据钟海涛说，医院内引流产或者病亡的死婴遗体被视为“医疗垃圾”，根据相关规定应当火葬。4、目的观察经内镜鼻胆管引流术治疗急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的疗效。5、另外挖槽有吸引流势的作用，但没有改变洪水河势。点此查看更多关于引流的详细信息

引流的网络解释是：引流引流物本身是异物，在体内放置时间过长，有在引流物周围发生感染的可能。因此，创腔放置的引流纱布每天应当更换，局部严格消毒。体内放置的引流管因不易更换，一般根据治疗需要保留数天不等。引流的网络解释是：引流引流物本身是异物，在体内放置时间过长，有在引流物周围发生感染的可能。因此，创腔放置的引流纱布每天应当更换，局部严格消毒。体内放置的引流管因不易更换，一般根据治疗需要保留数天不等结构是：引(左右结构)流(左右结构)词性是：动词注音是：一ㄣˇㄌ一ㄡ_拼音是：yǐnliú。引流的具体解释是什么呢，我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍：一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】引流yǐnliú。(1)医∶依靠吸引力或重力从一个体腔或伤口抽取液体的行为、过程和办法。(2)传送的行为(如通过管子引水)。二、引证解释⒈导引水流。引晋潘岳《藉田赋》：“清洛浊渠，引流激水。”宋苏轼《喜雨亭记》：“引流种树，以为休息之所。”⒉谓通过外科手术排出体内脓液。三、国语词典由创口、脓疮、囊腺或体腔中将液体引出。词语翻译英语todrain,(medicine)_drainage关于引流的诗句引流坦溪曲区区引流水引流坦溪曲关于引流的单词DraingedrainagedrainagetubedrainagepadDrainagebag关于引流的成语长往远引发引千钧穿壁引光流言流说旁引曲证关于引流的词语引锥刺股引过自责旁引曲证引商刻角引经据古穿壁引光牵经引礼引狼入室引日成岁长往远引关于引流的造句1、方法新型泪道探通引流装置由两端金属探子及中间软性硅胶管组成。2、方法：直接喉镜引导下经口行咽后脓肿切开引流术，术后辅以全身抗炎治疗。3、结论是一种有效的横窦血液流量测定方法，可以从“量”的角度反映引流优势。4、据钟海涛说，医院内引流产或者病亡的死婴遗体被视为“医疗垃圾”，根据相关规定应当火葬。5、另外挖槽有吸引流势的作用，但没有改变洪水河势。点此查看更多关于引流的详细信息

引流的引证解释是：⒈导引水流。引晋潘岳《藉田赋》：“清洛浊渠，引流激水。”宋苏轼《喜雨亭记》：“引流种树，以为休息之所。”⒉谓通过外科手术排出体内脓液。引流的引证解释是：⒈导引水流。引晋潘岳《藉田赋》：“清洛浊渠，引流激水。”宋苏轼《喜雨亭记》：“引流种树，以为休息之所。”⒉谓通过外科手术排出体内脓液注音是：一ㄣˇㄌ一ㄡ_词性是：动词结构是：引(左右结构)流(左右结构)拼音是：yǐnliú。引流的具体解释是什么呢，我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍：一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】引流yǐnliú。(1)医∶依靠吸引力或重力从一个体腔或伤口抽取液体的行为、过程和办法。(2)传送的行为(如通过管子引水)。二、国语词典由创口、脓疮、囊腺或体腔中将液体引出。词语翻译英语todrain,(medicine)_drainage三、网络解释引流引流物本身是异物，在体内放置时间过长，有在引流物周围发生感染的可能。因此，创腔放置的引流纱布每天应当更换，局部严格消毒。体内放置的引流管因不易更换，一般根据治疗需要保留数天不等。关于引流的诗句引流坦溪曲田园引流水厌厌缓引流霞关于引流的单词DrainagebagdrainagetubeDraingedrainagepaddrainage关于引流的成语流言流说穿壁引光发引千钧旁引曲证长往远引关于引流的词语发引千钧引狼入室引过自责引鬼上门引车卖浆引锥刺股长往远引穿壁引光旁引曲证引经据古关于引流的造句1、如果无需使用包括固定面板的整套系统，可用编织绳将引流袋悬挂起来，并连接到患者连接线或引流器上。2、方法新型泪道探通引流装置由两端金属探子及中间软性硅胶管组成。3、排除万难，清除腐败，全力推动延宕已久的土地改革，大力吸引流失的国人回流。4、目的观察经内镜鼻胆管引流术治疗急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的疗效。5、另外挖槽有吸引流势的作用，但没有改变洪水河势。点此查看更多关于引流的详细信息

burrholesirrigationanddrainage：钻颅（冲洗）引流术Puncturedrainage，Trepanationanddrainage：锥孔引流术burr-holecraniostomywithclosed-systemdrainage：钻颅闭式引流术Percutaneousbedsidetwist-drilldrainage：床旁钻颅引流术craniotomy：开颅（血肿清除）术twist-drillcraniostomy&burr-holecraniostomy：区别是工具不同。前一个是用类似阿基米德钻的东西，后一个是用颅钻

Such a barren desert can support very few creatures 在这样荒瘠的沙漠里,很少生物能够存活 The full extent of sahara desert can be seen from the air 在空中,撒哈拉大沙漠的全景尽收眼底 No one from the east or the west or from the desert can exalt a man 6因为高举非从东，非从西，也非从南而来。 The desert can be a lonely place for the people who pve there or for those who are travepng through 风格特异的众生相电影，片名直译应为《美国漂泊者》 。 That fast - growing forestry in desert can fixup sandbank and meporate soil , improve environment and prevent waste water from flowing into river 在沙漠利用污水灌溉速生林，可固定沙丘，改良土壤；改善生态环境，实现污水零排放。 In making use of the drainage as resources , there are several advantages : 1 ) there already exist a certain number of drainage works which are not very difficult to extend and remold : 2 ) deserts can be used as object for drainage utipzation ; 3 ) the drainage is still barely suitable for irrigation of salt - tolerant plants 在塔里木河干流，农田排水资源化利用有如下几个有利条件： ( 1 )农田排水有一定数量且渠网的延伸和改造难度不大； ( 2 )荒漠可作为农田排水资源化利用的场所； ( 3 )农田排水仍可勉强适于耐盐植物生长。

drainage system英[u02c8dreinidu0292 u02c8sistu0259m]美[u02c8drenu026adu0292 u02c8su026astu0259m]排水系统[例句]This area was very marshy before the drainage system was installed.这个地区在安设排水系统之前是十分潮湿的。

引流管drainage tube

流域

Nursing processes 护理过程 　　assessment 估计 　　nursing diagnosis 护理诊断 　　planning 计划 　　intervention （implementation， management） 措施（实施、管理） 　　evaluation 评价Daily care of the patient 对病人的日常护理 　　morning （evening） care， AM （HS） care 晨（晚）间护理 　　bedmaking 整理床铺 　　oral hygiene （mouth care） 口腔卫生 　　brushing the teeth 刷牙 　　flossing the teeth 清牙垢 　　denture care 清洗假牙 　　bathing 洗澡 　　cleanliness and skin care 清洁与皮肤护理 　　perineal care 洗会阴 　　hair 梳头 　　shaving 刮脸 　　Care of nails and feet 指甲修剪和洗脚 　　changing hospital gowns 更换住院服装 　　massage 按摩 　　bedsore care 褥疮护理Measurement of vital signs 测量生命体征 　　taking oral （rectal， axillary） temperature 　　量口腔（直肠、腋下）体温 　　taking a radial pulse 测量桡动脉脉搏 　　counting respirations 计呼吸次数 　　measuring （taking） blood pressure 量血压Catheterization 导管插入术 　　cardiac catheterization 心导管插入术 　　laryngeal catheterization喉插管术 　　retro-urethral catheterization 逆行导尿管插入术 　　urethral catheterization 尿道导管插入术Clean techniques， medical asepsis 消毒灭菌 　　asepsis 无菌（法） 　　integral asepsis 完全无菌 　　disinfection 消毒 　　concomitant （concurrent） disinfection 随时消毒，即时消毒 　　steam disinfection 蒸汽消毒 　　terminal disinfection 终末消毒 　　disinfection by ultraviolet light 紫外线消毒 　　Sterilization 灭菌，消毒 　　chemical sterilization 化学灭菌法 　　fractional sterilization 间歇灭菌法 　　intermittent sterilization 间歇灭菌法 　　mechanical sterilization 器械灭菌法Decompression 减压（术） 　　oardiac decompression 心减压术 　　cerebral decompression 脑减压术 　　orbital decompression 眼眶减压术 　　decompression of decompression 心包减压术 　　gastro-intestinal decompression 胃肠减压术 　　decompression of rectum 直肠减压术 　　decompression of spinal cord 脊髓减压术Dialysis透析 　　peritoneal dialysis腹膜透析 　　hemodialysis 血液透析Drainage 引流、导液 　　aspiration （suction） drainage 吸引导液（引流） 　　closed drainage 关闭引流法 　　negative pressure drainage 负压吸引法 　　open drainage 开放引流法 　　postural drainage 体位引流法 　　vaginal drainage 阴道引流法 　　vesicocelomic drainage 膀胱腹腔引流Drainage 灌肠 　　barium enema钡灌肠 　　blind enema肛管排气法 　　contrast enema对比灌肠 　　glycerin enema甘油灌肠 　　high （low） enema 高（低）位灌肠 　　magnesium sulfate enema 硫酸镁灌肠 　　retention （non-retention） enema 保留（无保留）灌肠 　　soapsuds enema 肥皂水灌肠 　　turpentine enema 松节油灌肠Feeding 饲，喂养 　　Forced （forcible） feeding 强制喂养 　　intubtaion （tube） feeding 管饲法 　　nasal feeding 鼻饲法 　　rectal feeding 直肠营养法Heat and clod applications 冷、热敷 　　applying hot compresses 热敷 　　applying hot soaks 湿热敷 　　assisting the patient to take a sitz bath 帮病人坐浴 　　applying hot water bottles 用热水瓶 　　applying an ice bag （collar0 用冰袋 　　applying cold compresses 冷敷 　　giving a cold （an alcohol） sponge bath 冷水（酒精）擦浴Infusion 输入，注入 　　glucose infusion 葡萄糖液输注 　　glucose-saline infusion 葡萄糖－盐水输注 　　saline infusion 盐水输注 　　Injection 注射 　　endermic （intracutaneous） injection 皮内注射 　　hypertonic saline injection 高渗盐水注射 　　hypodermic injection 皮下注射 　　intramuscular injection 肌内注射 　　intraocular injection 眼球注射 　　intrapleural injection 胸膜腔注射 　　intrauterine injection 子宫内注射 　　nasal injection 鼻内注射 　　peritoneal injection 腹膜腔注射 　　rectal injection 直肠注射 　　subconjunctival injection 结膜下注射 　　urethral injection 尿道注射 　　vaginal injection 阴道注射Irrigation 冲洗 　　vaginal irrigation 阴道冲洗 　　bladder irrigation 膀胱冲洗 　　continuous irrigation 连续冲洗法 　　mediate irrigation 间接冲洗法Isolation 隔离、分离 　　strict isolation 严密隔离 　　contact isolation 接触隔离 　　respiratory isolation 呼吸隔离 　　drainage （secretion） precautions 引流预防措施 　　enteric precautions 肠道预防措施 　　blood （body fluid） precautions 血液（体液）预防措施 　　protective isolation 保护性隔离Lavage 灌洗 　　blood （systemic） lavage 血液毒素清洗法 　　ether lavage （腹腔内）乙醚洗法 　　gastric lavage 洗胃 　　intestinal lavage 洗肠 　　peritoneal lavage 腹膜腔灌洗 　　pleural lavage 胸膜腔灌洗Medication 药疗，投药，给药 　　endermic medication 皮内透药法 　　hypodermatic medication 皮下投药法 　　intramuscular medication 肌肉投药法 　　ionic medication 离子透药疗法 　　nasal medication 鼻内投药法 　　oral medication 口服法 　　rectal medication 直肠投药法 　　sublingual medication 舌下投药法 　　transduodenal medication 十二指肠内投药法 　　vaginal medication 阴道投药法 　　Suctioning 吸气引液 　　upper airway suctioning 上呼吸道抽吸法 　　nasogastric suctioning 鼻胃抽吸 　　wound suctioning 伤口吸引Transfusion 输血 　　arterial transfusion 动脉输血 　　blood transfusion 输血 　　direct （immediate ） transfusion 直接输血 　　drip transfusion 滴注输（血）液 　　indirect transfusion 间接输血 　　plasma transfusion 输血浆 　　serum transfusion 输血清 　　venous transfusion 静脉输血，静脉输液Diet nursing 伙食护理 　　absolute diet （fasting） 禁食 　　balanced diet 均衡伙食 　　convalescent diet 恢复期饮食 　　diabetic diet 糖尿病饮食 　　eucaloric diet 适当热量饮食 　　fat-free diet 无脂饮食 　　salt-free diet 无盐饮食 　　fever diet 热病饮食 　　full diet 全食，普通饮食 　　half diet 半食 　　high caloric diet 高热量饮食 　　high-carbohydrate diet 高糖类饮食 　　high-protein （protein rich） diet 高蛋白饮食 　　invalid diet 病弱者饮食 　　light diet 易消化饮食 　　liquid diet 流质饮食 　　high fat diet 高脂饮食 　　low fat diet 低脂饮食 　　low caloric diet 低热量饮食 　　low-protein diet 低蛋白饮食 　　low-residue diet 低渣饮食 　　nourishing diet 滋补饮食 　　obesity diet 肥胖病饮食 　　prenatal diet 孕期饮食 　　regimen diet 规定食谱 　　smooth （soft） diet 细软饮食Preparing the patient for the surgery 为病人手术前做准备 　　shaving the patient‘s skin （skin prep） 备皮 医.学教.育网搜.集整理 　　anesthesia 麻醉Postoperative care 手术后护理 　　coughing and deep-breathing exercises 咳嗽呼吸练习 　　applying elastic stockings 穿弹性袜 　　applying elastic bandages 用弹性绷带Emergency care （first aid） 急救护理 　　cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺循环复苏术 　　mouth-to-mouth（mouth-to-nose，mouth-to-stoma） resuscitation 　　口对口（口对鼻，口对颈部小口）循环复苏术 　　emergency care for fainting （shock， stroke） victims 　　昏厥（休克、中风）患者急救 　　emergency care used to control hemorrhage 止血急救 　　emergency care given to help a patient who is vomiting 　　呕吐患者急救 　　emergency care for a patient during a seizure 癫痫发作急救 　　hospice care 临终护理 　　postmortem care 死后护理

1,what effects does littering have on the enviroment? Litter can cause a whole range of problems for everyone in the munity. Litter discarded in streets and parks can travel through the storm water system to our bays and oceans, where it can cause harm to wildlife. -Litter costs money. Removing litter from the environment costs everyone money. -Litter is a threat to public health. Litter attracts vermin and is a breeding ground for bacteria. Items such as broken glass and syringes can be a health hazard in public places. -Litter can be a fire hazard. Accumulated litter and carelessly discarded cigarette butts are potential fire hazards. -Litter looks bad. Litter negatively affects the image of places, especially tourist locations. -Litter attracts litter. Litter sends out a message that people do not care for the environment and that it is acceptable to litter. -Litter can harm or kill wildlife. Plastic litter can choke or suffocate birds and marine life. Carelessly discarded containers can trap *** all mammals. -Litter harms our waterways. Organic matter, such as dog poo, leaves and grass clippings, pollutes our waterways. 2,what do you think we should do to stop people from littering? There are a number of simple ways to help prevent littering. Use garbage cans properly if provided. Make sure your waste goes in the garbage can, not beside it. Take your litter home when visiting parks and gardens. Wind and animals scavenging in garbage cans can often lead to littering in our parks. Pick up garbage, do not flush it away. Sweep paved areas and pick up all the garbage, rather than hosing it down into gutters and drains. All the garbage in gutters works its way into the water. Pack a garbage free lunch with reusable plastic containers and water bottles rather than bags and drink boxes. Never sweep grass, leaves or any other waste into gutters as they degrade to form a rich nutrient source for algal blooms. Never hose paths as it will only wash your waste into the drainage system. Wash cars on the grass, never on the road or hard paths where it will wash detergents into the drainage system. Always dispose of unwanted chemicals responsibly, never pour them into gutters or drains. Gas, paints, thinners, pharmaceutical drugs, and garden pesticides and herbicides are poisonous to wildlife. Your local government can advise you of the best way to dispose of these. Prevent oil from leaking from your car as it could end up in the river or sea. Use a reusable cloth bag when you are shopping, or choose cardboard boxes instead of plastic bags whenever possible. Reuse plastic bags by taking them back to the store, where they will be recycled into items such as flower pots. Use washing detergents which contain no phosphates, to prevent excessive amounts of these entering the drainage system. Also avoid excessive use of chemical fertilisers as runoff from these into the waterways cause algal blooms. Never pour waste fats and oils down the sink, but rather throw them out with other household garbage. Always take a pick-up-bag when walking your dog. Don"t leave its droppings in the gutter or on the footpath as they will wash into the drainage system and contaminate the water. Always place waste in the most appropriate place. If there are no garbage cans, take it home with you. Don"t bury it in the ground or sand, as it will soon be uncovered by animals, or peoples" feet. It is best to reuse and recycle, never litter. lz按满意程度给分吧 　　 1,what effects does littering have on the enviroment?litter can cause a whole range of problems foreveryone in the munity. litter discarded instreets and parks can travel through the storm watersystem to our bays and oceans, where it can causeharm to wildlife.-litter costs money. removing litter from the environmentcosts everyone money.-litter is a threat to public health. litter attractsvermin and is a breeding ground for bacteria. itemssuch as broken glass and syringes can be a healthhazard in public places.-litter can be a fire hazard. accumulated litter andcarelessly discarded cigarette butts are potential firehazards.-litter looks bad. litter negatively affects the imageof places, especially tourist locations.-litter attracts litter. litter sends out a message thatpeople do not care for the environment and that it isacceptable to litter.-litter can harm or kill wildlife. plastic litter canchoke or suffocate birds and marine life. carelesslydiscarded containers can trap *** all mammals.-litter harms our waterways. anic matter, suchas dog poo, leaves and grass clippings, pollutes ourwaterways.2,what do you think we should do to stop people from littering?there are a number of simple ways to help preventlittering.use garbage cans properly if provided. make sureyour waste goes in the garbage can, not beside it.take your litter home when visiting parks and gardens.wind and animals scavenging in garbage canscan often lead to littering in our parks.pick up garbage, do not flush it away. sweeppaved areas and pick up all the garbage, rather thanhosing it down into gutters and drains. all thegarbage in gutters works its way into the water.pack a garbage free lunch with reusable plasticcontainers and water bottles rather than bags anddrink boxes.never sweep grass, leaves or any other waste intogutters as they degrade to form a rich nutrientsource for algal blooms. never hose paths as it willonly wash your waste into the drainage system.wash cars on the grass, never on the road or hardpaths where it will wash detergents into thedrainage system.always dispose of unwanted chemicals responsibly,never pour them into gutters or drains. gas,paints, thinners, pharmaceutical drugs, and gardenpesticides and herbicides are poisonous to wildlife.your local government can advise you of the besay to dispose of these.prevent oil from leaking from your car as it couldend up in the river or sea.use a reusable cloth bag when you are shopping,or choose cardboard boxes instead of plastic bagswhenever possible. reuse plastic bags by takingthem back to the store, where they will be recycledinto items such as flower pots.use washing detergents which contain no phosphates,to prevent excessive amounts of these enteringthe drainage system. also avoid excessive useof chemical fertilisers as runoff from these into thewaterways cause algal blooms.never pour waste fats and oils down the sink, butrather throw them out with other householdgarbage.always take a pick-up-bag when walking yourdog. don"t leave its droppings in the gutter or onthe footpath as they will wash into the drainage systemand contaminate the water.always place waste in the most appropriate place.if there are no garbage cans, take it home with you.don"t bury it in the ground or sand, as it will soonbe uncovered by animals, or peoples" feet. it is bestto reuse and recycle, 　　Waste management is a big problem for Australia. Australian population continues to grow and we need to use more and more resources and creating more waste. Wastes are substances that have no further use and, if disposed of in land, water or air, can harm humans or the environment. If we don"t do something for the amount of waste that is produced there is a risk that we may run out of room in landfills or even run out of resources, and I conducted the surveys from my friends and neighbours to check how many rubbish we need to waste and what is that. I conducted 20 surveys, asking them about type and amount of waste that they generate each week. The results showed that about 35% of people have 2 bags of rubbish per day. And about 25% of people have 1 and 3 bags of rubbish per day. The rest of them have 8+ bags per week. Do you know how large of the number for the rubbish? If an average weight of 2 kg per bag, that"s mean we got about 116+kg per week for 20 household. If we have 23 million people in Australia, that"s mean we need to waste about 113.4 million rubbishes per week. That"s a really huge number. And then I want to tell them about which strategies they need to be using to make a positive impact on waste management. If we still waste that lot, may be one day all the landfill are full and we have to found a new place to set the rubbish, and at that time we will be really regret. The survey result also showed that there were a number of different types of waste thrown out in each household. Just like I think before, most of them are food waste (29%), and the following are plastic (21%), garden waste (18%), paper product (15%), glass (10%), miscellaneous (5%) and the last one is aluminium (2%). As you see food waste still pretty much, but we can"t do anything to that, right? Therefore we need to improve our waste management by recycling the paper product, glass and aluminium rather putting them in the garbage. That will be helpful for reduce landfill and save resources. May be that just a really *** all number for the rubbishes waste, but that will make landfill have a lot space to put other rubbish. In the survey, people were asked to rank which strategies they would be prepared to use to help better manage waste. Most people said use products that can be reused or recycled is the first one, the next highest rank is choose to buy goods that have less packaging and join an environmental group, establish a worm farm to reduce food waste and put rubbish in a bin, not on the ground. The least popular choice is Volunteer to help on ‘clean up Australia day". These choices show u, people want to do something more easily to do and don"t need too much time to spend to do. I think Australian people need to do one thing good and that does will be fine, just need to improve our own waste management by recycling the paper, glass and aluminium. If Australian government will check all the time and wanning people, that will be more easily. Thank for reading.

引流的诗句有：区区引流水，厌厌缓引流霞。引流的诗句有：回旌引流电，引流坦溪曲结构是：引(左右结构)流(左右结构)词性是：动词拼音是：yǐnliú注音是：一ㄣˇㄌ一ㄡ_。引流的具体解释是什么呢，我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍：一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】引流yǐnliú。(1)医∶依靠吸引力或重力从一个体腔或伤口抽取液体的行为、过程和办法。(2)传送的行为(如通过管子引水)。二、引证解释⒈导引水流。引晋潘岳《藉田赋》：“清洛浊渠，引流激水。”宋苏轼《喜雨亭记》：“引流种树，以为休息之所。”⒉谓通过外科手术排出体内脓液。三、国语词典由创口、脓疮、囊腺或体腔中将液体引出。词语翻译英语todrain,(medicine)_drainage四、网络解释引流引流物本身是异物，在体内放置时间过长，有在引流物周围发生感染的可能。因此，创腔放置的引流纱布每天应当更换，局部严格消毒。体内放置的引流管因不易更换，一般根据治疗需要保留数天不等。关于引流的单词drainageDrainagebagDraingedrainagetubedrainagepad关于引流的成语发引千钧穿壁引光旁引曲证流言流说长往远引关于引流的词语发引千钧引狼入室旁引曲证牵经引礼引商刻角引经据古引过自责长往远引引鬼上门引日成岁关于引流的造句1、方法：直接喉镜引导下经口行咽后脓肿切开引流术，术后辅以全身抗炎治疗。2、方法采用改良中心静脉导管腹腔内留置进行间断性腹水引流。3、排除万难，清除腐败，全力推动延宕已久的土地改革，大力吸引流失的国人回流。4、结论：颌骨巨大囊肿口内开窗减压引流术能较迅速改变面部畸形，并促进囊性病变临近的新骨形成。5、目的观察经内镜鼻胆管引流术治疗急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎的疗效。点此查看更多关于引流的详细信息

Electricity drainage