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2.4g天线原理是什么

2023-06-12 08:40:20
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小菜G

2.4g天线原理

The2.4GHzantennaisusedforwirelesscommunicationinthe2.4GHzfrequencyband.ThisfrequencybandiswidelyusedforvariousapplicationssuchasWi-Fi,Bluetooth,Zigbee,etc.Theprinciplesbehindthe2.4GHzantennadesignincludethefollowing:

1.Radiationpattern:The2.4GHzantennaisdesignedtohaveaspecificradiationpatterntoensureeffectivecommunicationoveraparticulardistanceanddirection.

2.Impedancematching:Theimpedancematchingbetweentheantennaandthetransmitter/receiveriscriticaltominimizereflectionsandmaximizethetransferofpower.

3.Gain:Antennagainreferstotheincreaseinpowerinaparticulardirectioncomparedtoanisotropicantenna.Antennaswithhighergaincanprovidelongercommunicationrangeandbettersignalquality.

4.Polarization:The2.4GHzantennacanbepolarizedindifferentways,suchaslinearpolarizationorcircularpolarization,toimprovethecommunicationqualityandreduceinterferencefromotherdevices.

Thesearesomeoftheprinciplesbehindthedesignofa2.4GHzantenna.

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http://www.antenna-theory.com/intro/main.php In the 1890s, there were only a few antennas in the world. These rudimentary devices were primarly a part of experiments that demonstrated the transmission of electromagnetic waves. By World War II, antennas had become so ubiquitous that their use had transformed the lives of the average person via radio and television reception. The number of antennas in the United States was on the order of one per household, representing growth rivaling the auto industry during the same period. By the early 21st century, thanks in large part to mobile phones, the average person now carries one or more antennas on them wherever they go (cell phones can have multiple antennas, if GPS is used, for instance). This significant rate of growth is not likely to slow, as wireless communication systems become a larger part of everyday life. In addition, the strong growth in RFID devices suggests that the number of antennas in use may increase to one antenna per object in the world (product, container, pet, banana, toy, cd, etc.). This number would dwarf the number of antennas in use today. Hence, learning a little (or a large amount) about of antennas couldn"t hurt, and will contribute to one"s overall understanding of the modern world. What is the origin of the antenna? I"m ruling out such early devices as compasses, because while they in some sense receive a magnetic field, it is not an electromagnetic field. Ben Franklin"s kite experiment wasn"t quite an antenna, as that captured lightning discharge, which is a direct current path where the energy is not transferred independent of the medium it travels. The human eye of course receives high frequency electromagnetic waves (light, to the layman). Technically the eye could be classified as an antenna; however since it can"t transmit waves, it is really a sensor, so I"ll exclude that as well. The first experiments that involved the coupling of electricity and magnetism and showed a definitive relationship was that done by Faraday somewhere around the 1830s. He slid a magnetic around the coils of a wire attached to a galvanometer. In moving the magnet, he was in effect creating a time-varying magnetic field, which as a result (from Maxwell"s Equations), must have had a time-varying electric field. The coil acted as a loop antenna and received the electromagnetic radiation, which was received (detected) by the galvanometer - the work of an antenna. Interestingly, the concept of electromagnetic waves had not even been thought up at this point. Heinrich Hertz developed a wireless communication system in which he forced an electrical spark to occur in the gap of a dipole antenna . He used a loop antenna as a receiver, and observed a similar disturbance. This was 1886. By 1901, Marconi was sending information across the atlantic. For a transmit antenna, he used several vertical wires attached to the ground. Across the Atlantic Ocean, the receive antenna was a 200 meter wire held up by a kite [1]. In 1906, Columbia University had an Experimental Wireless Station where they used a transmitting aerial cage. This was a cage made up of wires and suspended in the air, resembling a cage [2]. A rough outline of some major antennas and their discovery/fabrication dates are listed: Current research on antennas involves metamaterials (materials that have engineered dielectric and magnetic constants, that can be simultaneously negative, allowing for interesting properties like a negative index of refraction). Other research focuses on making antennas smaller, particularly in communications for personal wireless communication devices (e.g. cell phones). A lot of work is being performed on numerical modeling of antennas, so that their properties can be predicted before they are built and tested. References: [1] Balanis, Constantine. "Antenna Theory: A Review", Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 80, January 1992. [2] W2AEE Antenna History. Arthur M. Kay, scanned by Alan Crosswell. http://www.w2aee.columbia.edu/history/antenna-history.html A good book on antenna theory would look nice on your bookshelf. And girls really like antenna books. Sometimes you get sick of reading things on the internet, and want a comprehensive antenna book to read. On this page, I"ll review some of the popular antenna books available. The first 3 of these books are more theoretical and have a good chunk of math in them and less hands on material. These books are tricky to write because the math for antennas gets extremely complicated quickly, so once an antenna has a non-simple shape (not a wire), the math becomes intractable. So there"s always a tradeoff in complex math and what you really need to know to learn about antennas. The last 2 are more hands on build-your-own antenna type books, where you can learn what you need to without unnecessary math. 1. Antenna Theory Constantine A. Balanis is a well known name in the antenna world. To be fare, he was my dissertation adviser, so I"m a little biased. He"s a surprisingly sociable guy for an antenna person. Anyway, about his book Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design . This is the largest of the major antenna books, and is used by a large number of American Universities in teaching undergraduate and graduate level courses on antennas. He is very thorough, and tries to walk through the concepts and tractable derivations throughout the book. The thoroughness is often considered a fault by some people, in that things are explained sometimes in a long-winded manner. However, this is often advantageous if you haven"t seen the material in a while. He treats all the major antenna types, discusses arrays, has a chapter on measurements and smart antennas. All in all, this is a good book and understandable. It is quite large though. And if after a thousand pages or so you still want more, the book does come with a CD for visualizing things and aids in understanding certain concepts, if you are interested in that sort of thing. 2. Antenna Theory and Design This book is much smaller than Balanis" book. Despite its size, this book manages to hit a large number of the topics that Balanis does. The math is probably more advanced than that in Balanis" book, but nothing intractable if you are well versed in your undergraduate level vector calculus. One problem with it is that some topics are only glossed over with little detail, such as slot antennas. References are provided if you are so inclined and wish to learn more. All in all, I think this book is great and if you are a quick learner you will probably prefer this to Balanis. If you"ve been out of practice for a while or are rusty on things like math you might be better off with Balanis" book. 3. Antennas This book has good photographs and figures. The math is challenging and some people dislike it because a lot of the text focuses on using math to simplify things or derive auxilliary sources or things like that. However, the author does make an attempt to explain what the math means. This book would work as your antenna theory textbook. For whatever reason, I believe it has fallen out of favor somewhat with the new generation of engineers, but if you are looking to learn how antennas radiate and about the fundamental antennas, this book will take you there. 4. Practical Antenna Handbook This book, The Practical Antenna Handbook (Joseph Carr) will be very helpful to a lot of people. If you are a practical, hands on guy and don"t care about stupid complex math that doesn"t matter, this book is for you. This book contains step-by-step instructions for building antennas and attempts to make everything real-world and not theoretical as some of the former books do. If you are going to be a research antenna engineer and publish papers, you don"t want to start with this book. But if you are into building things and just want to slap on workable antennas to your projects or get a hands on overview of making transmitters and receivers work, this book will do nicely. And true masters of the antenna world should have knowledge of both the theory and the practical skills. So if you are purely a math jockey and need to expand your knowledge base, this might be a good book to pick up, and is fairly priced. 5. The ARRL Antenna Book Another practical handbook is The ARRL Antenna Book: The Ultimate Reference for Amateur Radio Antennas, Transmission Lines And Propagation . This book is a classic, and I mean it goes back to 1939 before people even knew antennas existed. This is a good book for practicing engineers and amateurs, as it attempts to give the theory and hands on antenna projects. While this book does date back to 1939, it has been updated to include modern techniques, such as the slide rule (joke). It incorporates reference to Vector Network Analyzers (VNA), a must have antenna measurement tool. At just under 1000 pages, this is a large book, but well worth the price. Also covers transmission line theory and propagation, which should be understood as well. In sum, everyone who I know who owns the book swears by it. They love it. It provides a good balance between the required theoretical skills and hands on techniques that make for a solid antenna engineer. This page has been written by a small but finite set of aliens with a passion for spreading antenna knowledge. While this passion may seem strange, it is actually quite common outside the milky way. A human or two has contributed to this page (notably Peter Bevelacqua), but they are mainly kept on the team to understand the web-human interface. Keep watching the stars. McNasty, 0*3^H:2
2023-06-11 19:59:531

GPS Antenna是什么?如何用?

这是天线。GPS分为主机和天线两个部分,天线是接收卫星信号的,主机是存储和处理卫星信号来为客户提供位置等信息的。
2023-06-11 20:00:072

GPS Antenna是什么?如何用?

一般是车用的,用东西粘在车外在内置天线的gps接收不好的时候,接上它,能加强信号看接口,gps接口有多种,要对上接口才有使用价值 古老的gps天线
2023-06-11 20:00:141

GPS Antenna是什么?如何用?

这是天线。GPS分为主机和天线两个部分,天线是接收卫星信号的,主机是存储和处理卫星信号来为客户提供位置等信息的。
2023-06-11 20:00:232

什么是artificial antenna及integral antenna,两者有何区别,谢谢?

artificial antenna 人造的天线 integral antenna 维一的天线(重要的天线、不能缺少的天线)
2023-06-11 20:00:371

船用雷达上英文按键对照

你是什么型号的雷达?
2023-06-11 20:00:462

vehicleantenna是干什么用的?

接收信号。vehicleantenna的中文意思可以解释为是车天线;车载天线。 汽车天线(车载天线)是拦截发射台发射的高频电波并传输给汽车收音机、车载电话或无线电导航设备的接收机,以对载波解调的装置。
2023-06-11 20:00:541

antenna music公司有哪些艺人

朴世星等------
2023-06-11 20:01:122

天线振子用英语怎么说

天线振子antenna element更多释义>>[网络短语]天线振子 EL;ELE;antenna oscillator分形天线振子 fractal-shaped antenna有源天线元(振子) active antenna element
2023-06-11 20:01:281

GPS 上 antenna SatNav 是什么意思?

antenna Satellite NavigationSatNav是卫星导航的缩写
2023-06-11 20:01:351

什么是printed antenna。。天线

这个主要在高频和射频电路中出现。在这种电路中,为了减少体积,提高系统的可靠性,往往会采用一些特殊做法,也就是用电路板上特别设计的走线来作为天线(因为频率高,天线尺寸也不大,可以用走线实现),这个走线是在印制电路板(PCB)制作的时候就做上去的,所以就称为printed antenna,也就是用印制方式加工生产的天线。
2023-06-11 20:02:041

antenna-connector是什么意思

antenna-connector天线接口;天线连接器;天线用连接器
2023-06-11 20:02:111

boresight中文翻译

Beam riding systems use a target tracker whose purpose is to maintain the antenna boresight pointing at the centre of the reflecting area of the target . 波束制导系统使用一个目标跟踪装置,它的目的是保持天线视轴指向目标反射的中心。 Boresight misapgnment capbration of integrated dgps imu system 系统视准轴误差检校 Optical axes boresight instrument for multispectral optical system 多光谱光学系统光轴平行性组合测试装置 Boresight fixture assembly 校靶装置 To ensure the repabipty of tracking the target , signal attenuation and boresight error must be predicted accurately 要保证导弹跟踪目标的准确性,必须预测在给定扫描角下的信号衰减和瞄准误差。 If the reference element has a phase of zero , pute the phase appped to element five when the beam is scanned 40o above the boresight axis 如果参考单元的相位是零,计算第五单元当扫描视轴线以上40度的相位。 For quick truning to target of air - to - air missile ( aam ) for short range dogfight in large off - boresight it is necessary to study the agile turn control law 摘要为了使近距格斗空空导弹在大离轴角发射时能快速地转向目标,需要研究快速转弯控制律。 Based on unsymmetrical heat environment , boresight error , boresight error slope and tran *** ission coefficient of a specific shape radome have been calculated with indirect ray method 在不对称热环境的基础上,采用间接射线法计算天线罩瞄准误差、瞄准误差斜率及功率传输系数。 Similarly , to position the beam below the boresight axis requires the use of a negative angle . this yields a negative and equation ( 7 - 4 ) again yields the appped phase of each element 同样的,要使波束低于视轴线要求负的角度。增量就是负的,式( 7 - 4 )仍可用于计算每个单元的增量。 Based on the simulation results , a cobra antenna constituted by four reflectors is designed , the antenna produces a radiation pattern with a boresight peak , and the antenna gain reachs to 28 . 4db 通过数值仿真,设计了一种由四块反射面组成的cobra天线,天线在轴向上辐射场最强,增益达到28 . 4db 。
2023-06-11 20:02:181

刘在石签约柳熙烈公司,他为何会选择这家公司?

可能是因为柳熙烈是刘在石的好朋友,而且这家公司给刘在石的签约金也很高。
2023-06-11 20:02:254

GPS由哪几部分组成?各部分的功能是什么?

1、卫星部分(空间)作用:发送用于导航定位的信号其他特殊用途,如通讯、监测核暴等。2、监控部分(地面);作用:监测和控制卫星运行,编算卫星星历(导航电文),保持系统时间。3、接收部分(用户)接收、跟踪、变换和测量GPS信号
2023-06-11 20:03:182

GPS有什么组成?

  老兄,你是要问GPS定位仪还是GPS导航仪?  如果是GPS构成,那我复制给你吧。呵呵  GPS组成部分:  1.空间部分  GPS的空间部分是由24颗卫星组成(21颗工作卫星;3颗备用卫星),它位于距地表20200km的上空,均匀分布在6 个轨道面上(每个轨道面4 颗),轨道倾角为55°。卫星的分布使得在全球任何地方、任何时间都可观测到4 颗以上的卫星,并能在卫星中预存导航信息,GPS的卫星因为大气摩擦等问题;随着时间的推移,导航精度会逐渐降低。  2. 地面控制系统  地面控制系统由监测站(Monitor Station)、主控制站(Master Monitor Station)、地面天线(Ground Antenna)所组成,主控制站位于美国科罗拉多州春田市(Colorado Spring)。地面控制站负责收集由卫星传回之讯息,并计算卫星星历、相对距离,大气校正等数据。  3.用户设备部分  用户设备部分即GPS 信号接收机。其主要功能是能够捕获到按一定卫星截止角所选择的待测卫星,并跟踪这些卫星的运行。当接收机捕获到跟踪的卫星信号后,就可测量出接收天线至卫星的伪距离和距离的变化率,解调出卫星轨道参数等数据。根据这些数据,接收机中的微处理计算机就可按定位解算方法进行定位计算,计算出用户所在地理位置的经纬度、高度、速度、时间等信息。接收机硬件和机内软件以及GPS 数据的后处理软件包构成完整的GPS 用户设备。GPS 接收机的结构分为天线单元和接收单元两部分。接收机一般采用机内和机外两种直流电源。设置机内电源的目的在于更换外电源时不中断连续观测。在用机外电源时机内电池自动充电。关机后机内电池为RAM存储器供电,以防止数据丢失。目前各种类型的接受机体积越来越小,重量越来越轻,便于野外观测使用。其次则为使用者接收器,现有单频与双频两种,但由于价格因素,一般使用者所购买的多为单频接收器。
2023-06-11 20:03:361

笔记本只有两根天线能装Intel 4965AGN 300M么?

只要针脚对、接口对就可以装。还有,你要装的无线模块是用于无线路由的还是3G上网?
2023-06-11 20:03:502

GPS汽车导航侧面有个小孔,旁边写着“ANT.”是什么?是接收信号的吗?

ANT 是ANTENNA 的缩写~~~ANT插槽,也就是说~就是天线!
2023-06-11 20:04:241

GPS天线的达伽马

1.1 Antenna/天线Antenna model/天线型号Dagama达伽马GPS-A130Frequency Range/频率范围1575.42MHz±1.02 MHzV.S.W.R/驻波比1.5:1Band Width /带宽> 10 MHzImpendence/阻抗50 ohmGain/增益5dBic Based on7×7cm ground planePolarization/极化RHCP1.2 LNA/低噪放Frequency Range/频率范围1575.42MHz±1.02 MHzDC Voltage/直流电压3.0-5.0VGain(Typical)/增益29dB ( +25℃±10℃)Output VSWR(Typical)/输出驻波<1.5Noise Figure(Typical)/噪声系数1.5(+25℃±10℃)DC current(Typical)/直流电流15.5mA(At 3.0V) Antenna/天线Dielectric Ceramics/介电陶瓷PCB/印刷电路板FR4Shielding/屏蔽罩TinplateRF Cable/射频电缆RG174 300±10CMRF Connector/射频接头SMA-J3Thickness/厚度15.5mm
2023-06-11 20:04:341