high

没什么事是百度解决不了的

都是属于音高的概念，HIGH C 是钢琴上小字三组的C,HIGHD是钢琴上小字三组的D,HIGH D比HIGH C高一个全音。在声乐中，根据训练有素的歌唱者的性别，嗓音的特性，音色、音域等方面的不同，可有如下的划分：一、女声类：1、女高音，可细分为：①抒情女高音——音色柔美、秀丽，适宜于演唱那些优美流畅的抒情旋律。其音域为c1-c3。②戏剧女高音——声音浑厚、壮美，适宜于演唱富有戏剧性的，激情、深沉的旋律。其音域为b-b2（或c）③花腔女高音——音色明亮、清脆，适宜于演唱轻盈、灵活的华丽旋律。其音域为c1-e3（或高至f3）。2、女中音——音色与戏剧性女高音相似，浑厚之中不失其歌唱性和灵活性。适宜演唱抒展、深沉的旋律。其音域为g-g2（或b2）。3、女低音——音色更为宽厚、浓重，适宜演唱沉稳的旋律。其音域为e-e2（或g2）。二.男声类1、男高音，可细分为：①抒情男高音——音色柔美、舒展，适宜演唱富于歌唱性的抒情旋律。其音域为c1-c3。②戏剧男高音——音色浓重、结实而饱满，适宜演唱高亢、激昂、富于戏剧性的旋律。其音域为c1-b2（或c3）。③轻盈型抒情男高音——音色明亮、清脆、灵活、纤巧，适宜演唱轻巧灵便的花腔乐句和秀美的抒情篇章。其音域为c1-c3（或d3）。2、男中音，可细分为：男中音（baritone）是指音域A－a1共15度的男歌唱家，通常兼备有男高音和男低音的音质，既亮堂、柔润，又庄重、沉着，或可兼具一些男高音和男低音的特色。比才歌剧《卡门》中的《斗牛士之歌》就是由男中音独唱。抒情男中音这是以抒情见长的高男中音，音域为F—g1或a1。戏剧男中音音域为E-e1至g1。嗓音结实、浑厚，情绪激烈。炫技男中音音域近似抒情男中音，擅长于语言、节奏较快而又机智的表演。3、男低音，可细分为：①歌唱男低音——声音舒展而低沉，适宜演唱颇具歌唱性的旋律。其音域为D-d（或e）。②深沉男低音——声音深沉而稳重，适宜演唱厚重结实的低音旋律。其音域为C-d。正常人的音域是从小字组到小字三组，这中间分为男低音，男中音，男高音，女中音，女高音，每个还能再往下细分，如男高音可以分为小号男高，抒情男高，等等。扩展资料音域的练习：1、生理区别声带较薄的人天生音域要高一些。反之则低一些。先天带来优势是很明显的，但后天也可以练习，主要是早起练声或哼鸣，在掌握好基础要领后，刻意练习音高，比如可以先听一下中央C，然后哼唱C-E-G-E-C....D-F-A-F-D...E-G-B-G-E...F-A-C-A-F，这样一点点往上拔，拔到临界为止，坚持每天练习，几天后就会明显感觉到音域变高。要把音域扩阔，我们必须要熟习假声运用。我们会用head tone （头声）去唱高音，感觉有点像鬼叫，不过要充实，会感到鼻梁同头顶震荡，最好每日抽时间（建议洗澡时）练习，唱1 2 3 4 5 ，5 4 3 2 1 等简单句子，不断升key ，到唱不到为止。不过不要勉强，否则会伤到声。每日唱几次，日子有功，音就会越唱越高。低音应该用chest voice ，会感到胸口震荡，越唱得低就要越放松，都要每日练习。音域不是几日之间可以扩阔，要有恒心，每天练，日子有功便有进步。歌一定要日日练，那么每日都会有进步，但一日不练就会退步。2、上下扩展音域向上扩展是指从自己练习最舒服的音向上高一个音练习，也就是大约从音乐简谱的1到2。应该从较弱的声音开始。小心翼翼地保持正确的呼吸状态，注意腰的控制，丹田的控制，口腔的控制，然后逐渐加大到正常音量。有了一定的心得再向上扩展一个音。向下扩展也是从自己最舒服的音向下一个音练习，从较弱的声音开始练习。向下扩展的时候，要特别小心不能脖子用力，不能憋嗓子，不要压舌根。要努力保持正确的控制状态。无论向上还是向下扩展，都不要唱歌的方式发音，要以说的心态来发音，关键在保持硬腭前部的“珠”“球”感。

律师们收费很高，但是他们好像从来不缺客人。

　　The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA, often pronounced "nit-suh") is an agency of the Executive Branch of the U.S. Government, part of the Department of Transportation. It describes its mission as “Save lives, prevent injuries, reduce vehicle-related crashes.”[1].　　One of NHTSA"s major achievements in pursuit of this mission is the data files maintained by the National Center for Statistics and Analysis. In particular, the Fatality Analysis Reporting System, or FARS, has become a resource for traffic safety research not only in the US, but throughout the world. Research contributions using FARS by researchers from many countries appear in many non-US technical publications, and provide the most solid knowledge on the subject.　　The agency has an annual budget of US $815 Million (2007).　　History　　In 1940, the United States implemented automobile design legislation, concerning sealed beam headlamps, which had recently been invented and were an important safety advance at that time. This regulation, virtually unchanged for the next 40 years, set a pattern of using auto safety design legislation to freeze innnovation at a point in time.　　In 1958, the UN established the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations. The United States refused to join, but vehicles meeting these established safety standards were legal to import into the United States.　　In 1965 and 1966, public pressure grew in the US to increase the safety of cars, culminating with the publishing of Ralph Nader"s book Unsafe at Any Speed, and the National Academy of Sciences" "Accidental Death and Disability - The Neglected Disease of Modern Society".　　In 1966, Congress held a series of highly publicized hearings regarding highway safety, and passed legislation to make installation of seat belts mandatory, and created several predecessor agencies which would eventually become the NHTSA, including the National Traffic Safety Agency, the National Highway Safety Agency, and the National Highway Safety Bureau.　　The NHTSA was officially established in 1970 by the Highway Safety Act of 1970. In 1972, the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act expanded NHTSA"s scope to include consumer information programs.　　Since this era, automobiles have become far better in protecting their occupants in vehicle impacts. The number of deaths on American highways hover around 40,000 annually, a lower death rate per mile travelled than in the 1960s.　　NHTSA has conducted numerous high-profile investigations of automotive safety issues, including the Audi 5000/60 Minutes affair and the Ford Explorer rollover problem.　　In the US, NHTSA has introduced a rule making Electronic Stability Control mandatory on all passenger vehicles by the 2012 model year. This is remarkably fast for a technology first brought to public attention in 1997, with the Swedish moose test.　　Consumers today have a far greater amount of auto safety information available, due to the efforts of NHTSA and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.　　US safety performance since creation of NHTSA　　In the mid 1960s, when what is now NHTSA came in being, the USA had safer traffic than any country in the world, whether measured by the number of traffic deaths per thousand vehicles, or the number of traffic deaths per 100 million miles.　　In 2002, the US had sunk to 16th place (behind Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Iceland, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland) in terms of deaths per thousand vehicles. In terms of deaths per 100 million miles, the USA had dropped from first place to tenth place.　　Simple raw numbers of annual traffic deaths, all from readily available government data (FARS for US), show the pattern clearly using three comparison countries that are otherwise similar to the US.　　1979 Fatalities 2002 Fatalities Percent Change　　United States 51,093 42,815 -16.2%　　Great Britain 6,352 3,431 -46.0%　　Canada 5,863 2,936 -49.9%　　Australia 3,508 1,715 -51.1%　　If US fatalities had dropped by the same close to 50% amount experienced in the other countries, the US would now be suffering about 27,000 annual traffic deaths, instead of the actual 42,000. By not decreasing as has occurred in other countries, about 15,000 additional Americans are being killed on its roads annually [2].　　While data leave no doubt of the enormity of the failure, the extent of NHTSA"s responsibility cannot be so easily determined. However, what is clear from decades of scientific research is that behavioral factors are vastly more important than vehicle factors. Even NHTSA"s own research established this in a classic large scale study performed in Indiana University in the mid 1970s. Based on multi-disciplinary examinations, the vehicle was identified as the primary factor in only 2% of 5,000 crashes investigated. Even for these, the vehicle factor was mainly related to poor maintenance of brakes and tires. (Detailed reports summarized in Treat JR. A study of precrash factors involved in traffic accidents. The HSRI Research Review. Ann Arbor, MI; May-August 1980.)　　As much of the rest of this article so clearly attests, NHTSA"s efforts have focused largely on those vehicle factors which research shows to be of microscopic relevance. The vehicle mix, and vehicle regulations in Canada are not all that different from those in the US, yet Canada cut its traffic deaths in half while those in the US declined by only 16%; this discrepancy strongly suggests that the factors that Canada (et al.) emphasized are much more important.　　Any discussion of the effect NHTSA has had on US safety must start with broad results derived from data that are not in dispute – are not controversial.　　Born from Oligopoly　　The neutrality of this section is disputed.　　Please see the discussion on the talk page.　　In the era when NHTSA began, a commonly repeated saying in the US auto industry was "safety does not sell." From a modern perspective, this seems unusual, since auto manufacturers now prominently feature safety features and positive safety ratings in their advertising, but the automobile market in the US at this time in history had some unusual characteristics.　　At the time NHTSA was established, the US auto market was an oligopoly, with just three companies controlling 85% of the market. In economics, oligopoly is a type of market failure. US manufacturers (which had innovated the automatic transmission, air conditioning, and power steering in the post-War years) suddenly realized that any innovation in safety would be unprofitable.　　Some of the major car safety innovations of the 20th century, like roll cage construction, seat belts and traction control, were therefore developed abroad in response to competitive market forces in those territories.　　Government agencies have only a modest record of success in the area of innovation and breakthrough design, but they are widely perceived as good at establishing minimum acceptable standards.　　Faced with this situation, the normally free market capitalist Americans sought government help. Car manufacturers appeared to be dragging their feet on improving vehicle safety in the American market. Some saw parallels to the 1906 case of Upton Sinclair and meatpacking. Command and control legislation appeared to many to be a wise course of action at the time.　　This move was controversial, with other Americans feeling that if a certain passenger vehicle is not safe, the consumer is perfectly free not to purchase it. They would point to Volvo, which equipped its cars with seat belts beginning in 1959, and was available to Americans. The real market failure in this view was the lack of safety information. Other than providing this information, the government has no role.　　The command and control group won this argument and NHTSA reflects this view. Cars that fall outside of NHTSA regulations are actually illegal for Americans to possess.　　Today the US auto market has fragmented and is far more competitive, leading to advances in car safety, technological innovation, and price competition.　　Unintended consequences　　Design legislation led to many unintended consequences, especially in the early days of NHTSA.　　Many of these spring from the fact that Americans in the 1960s, 1970s, and early 1980s often preferred not to wear seat belts - yet these are one of the single most important safety devices ever created. NHTSA struggled with this fact and came up with the seatbelt interlock in 1974, that prevented the car from starting unless the occupants were belted. The interlock provoked such an uproar that it was quickly pulled from the market.　　Also in 1974, NHTSA banned the Citroën SM automobile, which contemporary journalists noted was one of the safest vehicles available at the time, due to a design issue unrelated to safety (bumper standards that took effect for 1973 and were aimed ineffectually at controlling the costs resulting from collisions) and because it was not equipped with sealed-beam headlamps, which at the time were outmoded but mandatory in the US.　　Joan Claybrook, then NHTSA administrator appointed by President Carter in return for a political favor, was so ignorant of automotive safety-related matters that European car manufacturers found it incredible she was in charge of traffic safety for the world"s largest auto market[citation needed]. Under Claybrook, NHTSA engaged in rulemaking of dubious and/or negative benefit to safety, such as requiring auto speedometers not to display calibrations higher than 85 mph (about 140km/h), refusal to approve the better headlamps on grounds that improved headlamp performance would encourage faster night driving, and lobbying hard for airbags designed around the assumption of unbelted vehicle occupants of adult-male size and weight. Such bags are too large and powerful for belted and/or smaller vehicle occupants, who can be severely injured or even killed when such bags deploy. Claybrook"s airbag advocacy was factually and scientifically baseless and designed to create a personal legacy; she described airbags as "puffing like a pillow"[cite this quote], when in fact overly-powerful airbags designed to comply with regulations her agency wrote resulted at least 150 deaths before the safety regulations were twice rewritten to permit less aggressive multistage-deployment bags. Too, the US air bag mandate violates Federal cost-effectiveness regulations for mandatory auto safety devices {{{author}}}, {{{title}}}, [[{{{publisher}}}]], [[{{{date}}}]]..　　These cost-effectiveness regulations, frequently used as justification for lax crash avoidance safety performance standards, were simply and illegally disregarded by NHTSA under Claybrook"s administration. When HID headlamps appeared on the market, NHTSA made no move to require automatic beam levelling or lens cleaning equipment, citing lack of cost-effectiveness. Both of these systems are glare-control measures required with these powerful headlamps under ECE Regulations followed outside North America.　　The world"s first halogen headlamp bulbs, high-performance designs known as H1 and H3, were introduced in Europe in 1962 and 1964, respectively, and quickly became standard the world over, but they were not permitted in the US until 1997. Likewise, the first two-filament high/low beam halogen headlamp bulb, another high-performance design called H4, was introduced in Europe in 1971 and immediately became the world standard, but was not legalized in the US until 1992. Other lighting-related lags speciously attributed to cost-effectiveness regulations selectively obeyed by NHTSA are evident in US regulations; for example, virtually every country in the world has since at least the early 1970s required rear turn signals to emit amber light so they can immediately be discerned from adjacent red brake lamps. US regulations still permit rear turn signals to emit red light, citing the same cost-effectiveness regulations that were deliberately disregarded when airbags were mandated.　　NHTSA also administers the controversial Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program. The Wall Street Journal and others have argued that this program distorts market incentives, forcing people to buy smaller, less safe vehicles. CAFE may indeed be a driving factor behind the explosion in demand for SUVs, which are considered "light trucks" for CAFE purposes and therefore do not have to meet the stricter standards for vehicles classified as "cars." The counter argument is that politically reflecting the actual cost of oil and its externalities to the US consumer is not politically feasible.　　Aerodynamics brings change to NHTSA　　Automakers faced an inherent conflict between NHTSA"s stringent headlight legislation, which froze U.S. headlight technology in 1940, and the Corporate Average Fuel Economy standard, which effectively mandated that automakers develop ways to improve the ability of the car to cleave the air. As a result, in the early 1980s, automakers lobbied for a modification of the mandate for fixed shape sealed-beam headlamps.　　NHTSA adopted Ford"s proposal for low-cost aerodynamic headlamps with polycarbonate lenses and transverse-filament bulbs.　　For the 1984 model year, Ford introduced the Lincoln Mark VII, the first car since 1939 to be sold in the US market with architectural headlamps as part of its aerodynamic design. These composite headlamps, when new to the U.S. market, were

Dieter Prinz and A.H.MalikInstitute of Water Resources Management,Hydraulic and Rural Engineering,University of Karlsruhe,D-76128 Karlsruhe,Germany1　IntroductionIn the Developing World,agriculture counts for about 80% of total water withdrawal（Prinz,2000）.Agriculture is under enormous pressure by the other sectors of the economy,as the economic value created per unit water is lowest in agriculture.At the same time,growing populations make it necessary to produce more food and fibre and to ensure that crop yields per unit land continue to rise.Therefore,developing countries will have to find ways of growing more food with less water.But there is not only the problem of water quantity but additionally the one of deteriorating quality of water.There are many modern and traditional or combined technologies available to improve water conservation development（Agarwal,2001,Rijsberman,2001）.There is the need①to define the aim（under given frame work conditions）；②to analyze the losses（conveyance,distribution,application a.o.losses）；③to identify the most promising water conservation methods and techniques,and,eventually；④to integrate the various elements within a（soil and）water conservation strategy（Emerson,1998,UNEP,1998）.2　Measures applied in irrigated agricultureIrrigation water,if in ample supply,reduces considerable the risk of agricultural production and allows yields double as high as the yields which can be obtained from rain-fed agriculture（FAO,2001）.Roughly 40% of the food is produced on irrigated land,on 17% of the total cultivated land.The water needed for crops amounts to 1000～3000 m3per ton of cereal harvested.With other words,it takes one to three tones of water to grow 1kg of rice.As mentioned before,the losses of water have to be covered as well as the measures to increase the efficiency of water use in irrigation.We have to distinguish between recoverable water losses and unrecoverable water losses;the latter ones are those quantities of water lost to the atmosphere,to saline aquifers or to the sea.Recoverable losses include:seepage,surface runoff,operational losses and losses due to deep percolation.Fig.1　Water losses within a surface irrigation system in a semi-arid regionThe water losses could be（Fig.1）conveyance losses.distribution losses（e.g.canal evaporation,percolation and operation losses）orfield-ditch losses,field-application losses which depend on soil,irrigation method and management,Reduction of conveyance and distribution losses33%～50% of water diverted for irrigation is lost‘en route"：The conveyance and distribution losses are enormous.By lining the canal system or by conveying the water in pipes,these losses can be significantly reduced.It should be kept in mind,that at least the seepage losses are in most cases recoverable losses;the water might be lifted up from the groundwater layer downstream.Seepage losses occur in unlined main canals,in the canal distribution system and in field ditches.Most of the water is lost in unlined main canals.The questions which arise here are the following:What quantities of water are lost?Are these losses easy to recover?What feasible lining methods could be used?How high are the costs of lining and of maintenance?What are the benefits of the saved water?Could the unlined canal be used in the rainy season to recharge an aquifer?Reduction of application lossesApplication losses are either surface runoff losses or percolation losses,often summarised as“operational losses”.The water applied,should be sufficient to wet the volume of root penetration,but should not go beyond.Numerous technical means are available to apply exactly the amount of water needed,but financial and labour problems,in large irrigation schemes also management problems,hinder this.Operational losses depend on：①the chosen distribution system；②the available regulating and mechanical facilities；③the skill and discipline of the operator.3　Crop root zone depthThe active root zone of the crop（if water is not a constraint）depends on：①crop type；②its stage of maturity；③soil conditions（Fig.2）.Fig.2　The water applied should be sufficient to wet the volume of root penetration（but not more）Use of efficient irrigation methodsThe large differences in water efficiency between the various irrigation methods are quite well known:Traditional surface irrigation generally achieves only around 40%　efficiency,sprinkler irrigation can be 70%～80% efficient and drip irrigation might reach over 90% efficiency（Wolf and Stein,1998,Fig.3）.Modern irrigation technology could in theory save about half of the water presently consumed in irrigation,but technical,economic and socio-cultural factors hinder the transformation of theory into practice.These methods are arranged according to their average efficiency.The surface irrigation techniques are：①basin irrigation，②furrow irrigation and③border irrigation.Fig.3　The five basic methods of applying water to the soilThese techniques have one drawback in common:the uneven water application over the irrigated area.Water infiltration is much greater at the top end of the field than the bottom because of the longer opportunity time at the top end and this results in high deep percolation.Surge irrigation（Fig.4）has been shown to markedly improve the efficiency of water application.It is the practice of intermittently stopping and starting water flows across a field.Fig.4　Water percolation in surge and continuous flowAnother method is the sprinkler irrigation.Low Energy Precision Application（LEPA）center pivots are one of the most efficient irrigation methods available today because they offer both high water application efficiency and low operating pressure.The water is applied near the ground surface below canopy.Drip/trickle irrigation is characterised by the following:low flow rate,long duration irrigation,frequent irrigation,water applied near or into the plant"s root zone,and low-pressure delivery system shigh investment costs and maintenance demand.In drip irrigation some techniques were developed which are not as efficient as the more costly ones,but which allow even small farmers a very high efficiency e.g.in vegetable cropping:the drip bucket irrigation is such a low cost and relatively efficient technique,applied already on thousands of farms in East Africa（Prinz and Malik,2001）.3.1　Case study:Growing More Rice with Less Water（China）Water Efficient Irrigation TechniquesOne method to save water in irrigated rice cultivation is the intermittent（submerged）irrigation.This example shows real water saving and increase of production.Production levels remained stable over the time period in spite of this massive shift of water（see Fig.5,Table 1）out of agriculture.Growing more rice with less water improves also the productivity of water.This was made possible through pol-icy,management,and technological changes（Rijsberman,2001）.Fig.5　Water quantities used for domestic,industrial and hydropower purposes increased 10 times during the period 1976 and 1996,with subsequent reduction of water quantities for irrigationTable 1 Changes in land and land productivity in Zhanghe Irrigation District,China（1966～1998）Source:Rijsberman 2001.3.2　Subsurface Irrigation Techniques3.2.1　Pitcher irrigationPitcher irrigation or“Pot Irrigation”is a traditional,extreme efficient form of irrigation.The technique is particularly suitable to the irrigation of vegetables（like legumes,beans,water-melons,etc.）in home ardens（Fig.6）.The clay pots can either be installed independently,i.e.the water supply is done by the farmers manually,one by one,or interconnected:the water supply is done by using a water reservoir,which can be a tank,a well,etc.3.2.2　Surface trickle irrigationFig.6　Clay pots used forpitcher irrigationTo reduce deep percolation losses in subsurface irrigation,a trench is dug and a layer of plastic sheets is positioned below the trickler pipe（Fig.7）.3.2.3　Vertical Pipe MethodA very simple but effective method for ree cultivation is the vertical pipe method:Provided sufficient water storage capacity in the root one is given,a larger quantity of water is applied through the vertical pipe to supply the tree with water for 2～4 weeks（Fig.8）.Fig.7　Subsurface trickle irrigation with reduced percolation lossesFig.8　Vertical pipe methodThe water efficiency depends not only on the methodWolf and Stein（1998）cite a study made in Israel by Hagan（1994）,who found surface irrigation to be 70% water efficient but drip irrigation only 42%～56%.This deviation from generally believed figures is due to differences in the available underlying conditions.For the farms using surface irrigation,water was in very short supply and therefore it had to be used as efficiently as possible.Drip irrigation on the other hand has been used under conditions of sufficient water to grow crops of high market value.Low cost of water and high market prices did not give any incentive to the farmers to use water efficiently.3.3　More rational use of irrigation water3.3.1　Supplemental irrigation（SI）It is the application of small quantities of irrigation water to essentially rain-fed crops in times when the demand can not be covered by rainfall（Oweis,1997）.SI is usually practiced usually in the wetter part of the dry areas with 300 to 600 mm annual rainfall in order to improve and stabilise yields（Oweis et al.,2001）.Supplemental irrigation might be taken from groundwater or from excess water stored during the rainy season.3.3.2　Deficit irrigationAnother technique which allows a very high water use efficiency under fully irrigated conditions is deficit irrigation.The deficit irrigation is the distribution of limited amounts of irrigation water to satisfy essential water needs of plants.The water supply is reduced in less critical periods of water demand by the crop and supply of full amount of water during stress-sensitive periods.A similar technique is the“intermittent submerged irrigation technique”for rice（ISI）.This technique has been promoted in China but it is now applied in many rice growing areas world wide.Up to 20% of the irrigation water can be saved,if the paddy crop is not grown under submerged conditions through out the main growing season,but only intermittently.The phases where submerged conditions are recommended are those“sensitive”stages mentioned earlier.Precondition for deficit irrigation management is the knowledge of the sensitive periods of the crop/the variety in question.3.3.3　AquaculturePaddy croppingcan be combined with fish raising if certain preconditions are given（Fig.9）.This allows a multiple use of water and hence water saving per unit produce.Fig.9　Combining paddy cropping with fish raisingCase study:Drip Irrigation Systems（DIS）in IndiaDrip Irrigation Systems in India are being praticised since 1970,being used on a limited scale in Tamil Nadu,Karnataka,Kerala and Maharashtra States,mainly for high value,horticultural crops like coconut,coffee,grape and vegetable production without the benefit of any subsidies from the governments.At Rahuri,in Maharashtra State,the use of drip irrigation of pomegranates,grown in gravely soils,resulted in a savings of about 44%（as compared to conventional check basin irrigation systems）with a further water savings of about 14% when compared to un-mulched plots.The capital costs involved are high compared to conventional irrigation systems,but the labor and operational costs are low in India.The net result is that the benefit-cost ratio for DIS is very favourable compared to conventional systems since the payback period for investment very short.The cost of using drip irrigation system is summarized in the Table 1.With DIS in India,there was an improvement in crop yields and savings in water use of between 18% and 40%.Consequently,there was a substantial improvement in the water use efficiency that ranged up to three times that of conventional surface irrigation methods,even with the use of poor quality irrigation water.See Table 2 for water savings and increased yields achieved using drip irrigation in Indian case.Table 2　Drip irrigation cost;water savings v.increased yield achieved in IndiaSource:Saksena 2000.4　Improving water availabilityAs mentioned earlier,aquifer depletion is a common problem in many dry areas of the world.Many techniques have been developed to artificially recharge aquifers to sustain the water table and to allow further control of pumping water to cover the water needs of humans and crops.One interesting example of combined basin irrigation with groundwater recharge is reported from Uttar Pradesh Province in India（IWMI,2002）.In the monsoon season,surface water is diverted through an unlined canal system to provide farmers with irrigation water for rice crops.Around 60% of the irrigation water applied is used by the plants,most of the remaining 40%filters through the soil to recharge the groundwater.Combined with seepage from unlined canals those“losses”provide farmers with groundwater to irrigate dry season crops.The research showed,that the water table in the study area,which had been progressively declining,has been raised from an average of 12m below ground level to an average of6.5m.5　SummaryWe need information on crop water requirements.Losses have to be a

答案是： peoplewhoareoverweightarelikelytogethighbloodpressure句子的意思是：那些超重的人可能患上高血压☞ ♧手工翻译☀尊重劳动☀欢迎提问☀感谢采纳♧ ☜

社会经济比较落后的地区开始拥有更高比率的体重超重的人

smail

tall一般指的是人的高度、是比较直观的概念，而high更侧重于是一种深度

同学你好，很高兴为您解答！　　xuan paper — high-quality rice paper good for traditional painting and calligraphy，您说的这个英文词语在CMA的考试中比较常见，学会这个词语对考取英文CMA资格证书特别有帮助。这个词语的汉语意思是：宣纸。　　希望高顿网校的回答能帮助您解决问题，更多CMA的相关问题欢迎提交给高顿企业知道。高顿祝您生活愉快！

宣纸--用于传统绘画和书法的高质量米纸（米制的纸）

highly recommend 全部释义和例句>> 高度推荐recommend 英[ˌrekəˈmend]美[ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd]vt. 推荐; 劝告; 使显得吸引人; 托付;vi. 推荐; 建议;[例句]Ask your doctor to recommend a suitable therapist.让你的医生给你推荐一个合适的治疗专家。[其他] 第三人称单数：recommends 现在分词：recommending 过去式：recommended 过去分词：recommended 形近词： discommend

高速啊！就是说145MHz(每秒钟内有145M个信号周期)的信号可以有效放大。要和后面说的联系起来理解，运放有一个很重要的指标叫做GBW(Gain Band Width)就是增益和带宽的积，叫做增益带宽积，GBW=Gain*Bandwidth；他所说的-3dB就是最大GBW了，也就是说，假如你的增益是1，那么最大可有效放大的信号频率就是145MHz；假如增益是2的话，那么最好有效放大信号的频率就是145/2(MHz)；然后，你就会算，明白了吧。

high bandwidth[英][hai ˈbændwidθ][美][haɪ ˈbændˌwɪdθ]高带宽; 双语例句1The 3G wireless mobile network will witness bright future in the coming days with high bandwidth and end mobility.3G无线移动网络因为高的带宽、终端可移动性等优点在未来的时间中有很好的前景

通常用来形容人才优势，skill水平的高低，高品质生活用high-quality

同学你好，很高兴为您解答！　　high-caliber personnel，您说的这个英文词语在我国中很常见，是属于英文会计考试核心词汇其中的一个，学好该类词汇对您的英文证书考取过程非常重要，这个词的翻译如下：高层次人才。　　希望高顿网校的回答能帮助您解决问题，更多财会问题欢迎提交给高顿企业知道。高顿祝您生活愉快！

同学你好，很高兴为您解答！　　high-caliber personnel，您说的这个英文词语在我国中很常见，是属于英文会计考试核心词汇其中的一个，学好该类词汇对您的英文证书考取过程非常重要，这个词的翻译如下：高层次人才。　　希望高顿网校的回答能帮助您解决问题，更多财会问题欢迎提交给高顿企业知道。高顿祝您生活愉快！

probable 最简单的判断方法是副词后接形容词，highly是副词后面不能再跟个副词只能选形容词所以是probable

我很孤单，但我被人崇拜千百次，当你是最后一个我感到罪过我的爱那么贱至少，千百遍我发誓当你是最后一个我们在昨天晚上（啊…啊…啊…）你还醒着，我应该留下但我不知道我只是出来玩一天玩一天只是出来芝加哥玩一阵子。出来巴黎和伦敦玩几天我很孤单，但我被人崇拜千百次，我发誓你是最后一个因为我们有过昨天晚上（啊…啊…啊…）

歌曲名：《High Flying Adored》歌手：David Essex专辑：《Spotlight On David Essex》发行时间：2009-07-14 流派：流行 发行公司：环球唱片歌词：So young, the instant queenA rich, beautiful thingOf all the talents, a cross betweena fantasy of the bedroom and a saintYou were just a back street girlHustling and fighting,scratching and bitingHigh flying, adoredDid you believe in your wildest momentsall this would be yoursthat you"d become the lady of them all?Were the stars in your eyeswhen you crawled in at night...from the bars, from the sidewalks?From the gutter theatrical?Don"t look down it"s along, long way to fallHigh flying, adored?What happens now?Where do you go from here?For someone on top of the worldthe view is not exactly clearA shame you did it all, at twenty-sixThere are no mysteries nowNothing can thrill youNo one fulfill youHigh flying, adoredI hope you come to terms with boredomSo famous, so easily, so soonis not the wisest thing to beYou won"t care if they love youIt"s been done beforeYou"ll despair if they hate youYou"ll be dried of all energyAll the young who"ve made it would agreeHigh flying, adoredThat"s good to hear, but unimportantMy story"s quite usualLocal girl makes good weds famous manI was slap in the right placeat the perfect timeFilled a gap. I was luckyBut one thing I"ll say for meNo one else can fill it like I can试听：http://music.baidu.com/song/1615210

歌曲名:High Flying, Adored歌手:Original Cast Recording专辑:EvitaHigh flying, adoredSo young, the instant queenA rich, beautiful thingOf all the talents, a cross betweena fantasy of the bedroom and a saintYou were just a back street girlHustling and fighting,scratching and bitingHigh flying, adoredDid you believe in your wildest momentsall this would be yoursthat you"d become the lady of them all?Were the stars in your eyeswhen you crawled in at night...from the bars, from the sidewalks?From the gutter theatrical?Don"t look down it"s along, long way to fallHigh flying, adored?What happens now?Where do you go from here?For someone on top of the worldthe view is not exactly clearA shame you did it all, at twenty-sixThere are no mysteries nowNothing can thrill youNo one fulfill youHigh flying, adoredI hope you come to terms with boredomSo famous, so easily, so soonis not the wisest thing to beYou won"t care if they love youIt"s been done beforeYou"ll despair if they hate youYou"ll be dried of all energyAll the young who"ve made it would agreeHigh flying, adoredThat"s good to hear, but unimportantMy story"s quite usualLocal girl makes good weds famous manI was slap in the right placeat the perfect timeFilled a gap. I was luckyBut one thing I"ll say for meNo one else can fill it like I canhttp://music.baidu.com/song/8272074

应该是fifteen-foot-high

隆重举行

被高度尊敬

我的理解是难度越高被承认的水平也就越高~至于那两个词~~我模糊的带过了~~囧啊~

越有水平的越被认可（意译）./难度越大,被承认的水平也越高（直译 ） highly的是意思是“高”, regarded的意思是“被认为,被认可”. highly 修饰regard,实际是it is regarded （more）highly

backlight med/high背光源/高背光MED/高采纳

文名：弗莱迪·海默 外文名：Freddie highmore 　　体重：52kg星座：水瓶座 　　生日：1992年2月14日 　　身高：1.78 m （5" 10"） 　　出生地：英国伦敦 　　家庭成员：爸爸：Edward Highmore（爱德华·海默） 　　妈妈：Sue Latimer（苏·拉默） 　　弟弟：Bertie Highmore（埃亨·海默） 　　爱好：运动，音乐，和计算机 　　特长：语言（包括英语、法语、西班牙语）、单簧管，只会用吉他弹奏自己在《八月迷情》里演奏的音乐，其他的不太拿手 　　食物：中国菜和意大利菜 　　最喜爱的学校科目：体育，语文和数学 　　最喜爱的度假胜地：扎达尔、奥赫里德、诺维萨德 　　最喜爱的书籍：《麦田里的守望者》J.D.Salinger(杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格)著和《蝇王》 　　最喜爱的音乐： “Bert (his brother) chooses what blasts around our house！” 　　最喜爱的电影：剪刀手爱德华 　　最喜爱的电视节目：小不列颠 　　最喜爱的演员：约翰尼·德普(Johnny Depp) 　　最喜爱的女演员：凯特·温斯莱特和海伦娜·伯翰·卡特 　　最爱的足球球队：阿森纳 　　现在正在英国剑桥大学的伊曼纽尔学院学习西班牙语和阿拉伯语　　 来自伦敦的海默的父亲即是一位演员，两人还在电影Jack and the Beanstalk：The RealStory客串扮演过父子。 　　2004年，他和Johnny Depp合作了《寻找梦幻岛》，在其中扮演了激发Depp灵感的小飞侠原型的小孩Peter。片中他的表演让Depp惊为天人，所以在和老搭档蒂姆·波顿合作《查理与巧克力工厂》时，Depp力荐海默扮演片中善良的穷人家的孩子查理。结果他的表演没有让大家失望，也让越来越多的人认识了这个单纯可爱的英国小演员。 　　2006年，海默出演了法国大导演吕克·贝松的影片《亚瑟和他的迷你王国》，扮演片中主角勇敢的少年亚瑟。之后又在《一年好时光》里扮演澳洲天王罗素·克劳的少年时代。 　　2007年他又与乔纳森·莱斯·梅耶斯、凯丽·拉塞尔等联袂出演了《八月迷情》，在其中扮演一个音乐神童。 　　2008年主演《奇幻精灵事件簿》，一人分饰两角，扮演一对性格相反的孪生兄弟，相当有难度，而海默完成得十分出色。接下来的两三年间，海默都片约满满，2009年并为《铁臂阿童木》中的阿童木配音。

　　生于1992年2月14日，英国伦敦 星座：水瓶座 18岁(至2010年2月14日前)　　传记　　来自伦敦的海默的父亲即是一位演员，两人还在电影Jack and the Beanstalk: The Real Story客串扮演过父子。2004年，他和Johnny Depp合作了《寻找梦幻岛》，在其中扮演了激发Depp灵感的小飞侠原型的小孩Peter。片中他的表演让Depp惊为天人，所以在和老搭档蒂姆·波顿合作《查理与巧克力工厂》时，Depp力荐海默扮演片中善良的穷人家的孩子查理。结果他的表演没有让大家失望，也让越来越多的人认识了这个单纯可爱的英国小演员。2006年，海默出演了法国大导演吕克·贝松的影片《亚瑟和他的迷你王国》，扮演片中主角勇敢的少年亚瑟。之后又在《一年好时光》里扮演澳洲天王罗素·克劳的少年时代。2007年他又与乔纳森·莱斯·梅耶斯、凯丽·拉塞尔等联袂出演了《声梦奇缘》（又名《八月迷情》），在其中扮演一个音乐神童，2008年主演《奇幻精灵事件簿》，一人分饰两角，扮演一对性格相反的孪生兄弟，相当有难度，而海默完成得十分出色。接下来的两三年间，海默都片约满满，2009年他还要为《铁臂阿童木》中的阿童木配音。　　爸爸：Edward Highmore(爱德华·海默）　　妈妈：Sue Latimer（休·拉默）　　弟弟： Bertie Highmore（埃亨·海默）　　爱好：运动，音乐，和计算机　　食物：中国菜和意大利菜　　最喜爱的学校科目：体育，语文和数学　　最喜爱的书籍：《麦田里的守望者》和《蝇王》　　最喜爱的音乐： “Bert (his brother) chooses what blasts around our house！”　　最喜爱的电影：剪刀手爱德华　　最喜爱的电视节目：小不列颠　　最喜爱的演员：约翰尼·德普　　最喜爱的女演员：凯特温斯莱特和海伦娜邦汉卡特　　第27届青年演员奖提名：最佳电影演员（喜剧或戏剧）　　广播影评人协会奖提名：最佳青年演员（ 2006年） 获奖：最佳青年演员（ 2005年） 获奖：最佳青年演员　　评论家协会奖获奖：最佳青年演员　　帝国奖获奖者：最佳新人（ 2004 ）　　金卫星奖获奖者：杰出新人　　MTV电影奖提名：最具突破男演员　　凤凰城影评人协会获奖：最具实力青年男演员　　第31届土星奖提名：最佳年轻男演员　　第11届美国演员工会奖提名：杰出年轻男配角 提名：最佳电影表现奖　　塞拉利昂奖获奖者：最佳青年　　10年索尼爱立信奖获奖者：最佳新人　　26年度青年艺术家奖获奖者：最具实力青年演员 获奖：最佳电影青年演员　　杰克与豆茎 Jack and the Beanstalk: The Real Story (2001)　　(小弗莱迪·海默客串角色：一个在操场和爸爸玩的小男孩）　　沙子精灵 Five Children and It (2004)　　寻找梦幻岛 Finding Neverland (2004)　　虎兄虎弟 Two Brothers (2004)　　查理和巧克力工厂 Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005)　　一年好时光 A Good Year (2006)　　亚瑟和他的迷你王国 Arthur and the Invisibles (2006)　　八月迷情 August Rush (2007)　　奇幻精灵事件簿 The Spiderwick Chronicles (2008)　　配音作品：黄金罗盘The Golden Compass（2007）　　怪宅咖啡屋 Eddie Dickens and the Awful End （2008）　　尚未发布　　♥ 非常勇者Superhero（2010年）------- Donald 唐纳德　　♥ 美丽的杂项Beautiful Miscellaneous（2010年）------- Nathan Nelson 弥敦道纳尔逊　　♥ 亚瑟与两个世界Arthur & the Two Worlds（2010年）------- Arthur 亚瑟。　　♥大师哈罗德和男孩Master Harold & the Boys（2010年）------- Hally 哈里　　♥ 铁臂阿童木Astro Boy（2009年）------- Astro Boy （配音） 铁臂阿童木　　♥ 亚瑟与报复玛塔扎德Arthur & the Revenge Maltazard （2009年）------- Arthur 亚瑟。

Three.js是纯渲染引擎，而且代码易读，容易作为学习WebGL、3D图形、3D数学应用的平台，也可以做中小型的重表现的Web项目。适合做中大型项目，尤其是多种媒体混杂的或者是游戏项目VR体验项目，Three.js要配合更多扩展库完成，因为你可能会需要联网通信功能的封装、声音普通控制甚至高级频谱控制、输入设备信息的处理等诸多渲染以外的功能。这时候，就比较适合使用Babylon.js或者国内的一些针对游戏和多媒体应用开发的引擎或者说框架，例如LayaAir以及Egret3D。Hightopo更适合作为基于Web的应用程序的组件框架来使用，相比起Three.js和Babylon.js，它的优势是已经有很多预开发的控件，使得编写Web界面的应用程序会非常方便，但对于更复杂的多媒体应用，比如角色的骨架动画、自定义着色器、声音控制和声音实时特效实施处理、粒子系统等似乎并没有对应开发，主要也是因为其市场定位的不同。另外因为是非开源软件，所以能拿到的显然也只有min化过的代码，不具有高到像Three.js那样的可学习价值，要挖其功能点会需要相当的经验和时间投入。

翻译结果：低尊崇他,作他很高。exalt英 [ɪg"zɔːlt; eg-]美 [ɪɡ"zɔlt]vt. 提升；提拔；赞扬；使得意vi. 使人得意exalt 赞扬,提升,提高exalt courtesy 尊崇礼遇

玛丽莲·曼森的都嗨 看看演唱会http://hi.baidu.com/andywai/blog/item/42e9f48049c71ad39023d9ff.html

high grossing films 翻译为：高票房的电影

extraordinary 很不寻常unusual 异常very 很是 / 甚为extremely 极端地highly 高度地

这应该是个派生词，由两个单词组成的一个合成词，extremelyi本意为极度，很，非常的意思;high为高的意思。合在一起即为非常高，或情绪等的极度兴奋

greatest;extreme;most

extraordinary 很不寻常 unusual 异常 very 很是 / 甚为 extremely 极端地 highly 高度地

highly: 高度地, 极 非常 非常地赞许extremely: 极端地,非常,很从意思不同上,就能理解.

took很显然，我们是时候该采取一些措施来解决这个问题了Itis(high)time(that)sb.did/shoulddo:是该做……的时候了(虚拟语气)

意思:显然，现在是时候了，我们采取了一些措施来解决这个问题。

expensive 就是表示价格贵high 表示高，具体是什么高，看他的主语或修饰的名词。

expensive与high涉及到价格＂高＂，而cheap与low涉及到价格＂低＂。expensive昂贵的，花钱多的。这个单词若谈到＂价格高，货贵＂时，其主语不能是价格，必须是货物、物品本身。cheap表示＂价廉＂，＂便宜的＂，其主语也不能是价格，必须是物品本身。high在表示价格时，含义是＂高＂，low在表示价格时，含义是＂低＂，这两个词不能用于物品本身，只能用在价格上。近义词costly英［ˈkɒstli]美［ˈkɔːstli]adj.花钱多的；昂贵的；价钱高的；引起困难的；造成损失的。［例句］You want to avoid costly legal proceedings if you can.如果能够的话你希望避免昂贵的法律诉讼。［其他］比较级：costlier 最高级：costliest。