船舶在水中的阻力计算公式?最好考虑各种阻力（兴波阻力、静阻力等）

shipping space.
但是货代、物流、海运行业通常只说space就ok了~
no space 没有舱位了~

当然是A 了,比如我们的远望号,通过日本的时候,是不允许做什么测量活动的,如果要进行,必须经过日本同意才能进行.当然到了 海上就无所谓了.

德语 Schiffs Modell Galerie Oberursel.
英译 Model Ship Gallery Oberursel;
Oberursel - 德国地名

The noise of traffic includes the sound of motor vehicles,ships,subways,trains,airplanes,etc.Due to the rapid growth of motor vehicles,the noise of traffic has become the main source of noise in cities.So we should try to ride a bycicle to go to work ,drive less and walk more instead(If you're so lazy that you refuse to ride or walk,take a bus and don't drive your own car).

容易在这里是表示一种可能···意思是大雾天气发生事故的可能性比较大
去掉容易就成了大雾天气肯定发生事故··
意思就变了

C

我“不是”不知道怎么回答“而是”不想回答,“就连”5分的悬赏我“也”不会心动的.

甲板室(deck house):是指宽度与船宽相差较大的围蔽建筑物.最常见的是围在桅柱周围的甲板室,称之为桅室或桅屋(mast house).它的上面通常布置起货机,称为起货机平台.

人活在这个世界上,就想船舶航行在大海上,有风和日丽,有大风大浪,有海鸥,也有鲨鱼.暴风雨来的时候会受伤

LDM30x大量程激光测距、测速传感器基于激光脉冲反射时差法原理,适用大量程测量,具有很高的响应频率,能适用恶劣的工业环境等特点.结实的金属外壳,使其能工作在有害气体环境,安全保护等级IP67,安装维护方便.3000米大量程；分辨率：1mm.

nesting/cutting
block handling

这是两个不同角度的问题。全损即全部的财产的灭失。可能是物理上的失去，也可能是价值上的失去；也可以是单纯的灭失，也可以是从贸易或保险角度的灭失。如一批货物中的一件灭失，对整批来说就只是部分损失，而对该件...

首先无论什么船型 船速跟吃水都有关系,同一艘船吃水大,即水下船体增大,受水阻力增加,势必会降低部分船速!但是不能简单看出比例,因为船速跟很多外界因素有关,比如风力,流,涌等!
15W MT 的CAPE船 满载吃水一般为16M左右,各船略有不同!
如果港内装载时是平吃水,开航后会有少许前倾,也就是船首吃水会大一些,这样对船速不利,因此如果装港吃水不受限制,一般会配载成吃水差1M左右的尾倾,这样开航后基本上就会是平吃水!
因此,配载常识是要配成尾倾的 也就是吃水 船头

无论是船舶模型上的文字,还是陈列馆墙上的概述,都在向人们说明这样一个事实：没有哪一艘船从下海的那一天开始没有过受伤的经历的!（从文章第三小节中摘录原句填空）把这句话换个说法,意思不变：每一艘船从下海那一天开始都有受伤的经历.

重心在浮心之前
前面下倾（A对）

1.某货轮从新港驶往新加坡,在航行途中船舶货舱起火,大火蔓延到机舱,船长为了船货的共同安全,决定采取紧急措施,往舱中灌水灭火.火虽被扑灭,但由于主机受损,无法继续航行.于是船长决定雇佣拖轮将货船拖回新港修理.检修后重新驶往新加坡.事后调查,这次事件造成的损失有：①1500箱货物被火烧毁；②800箱货物由于灌水灭火受损；③主机和部分甲板被烧坏；④拖船费用；⑤额外增加的燃料和船长、船员工资.
x05讨论：以上损失中哪些属于共同海损?哪些属于单独海损?为什么?
答：①③⑤属于单独海损；②④属于共同海损.
回答完毕,希望能采纳!答题不容易,顺带赏点分啊

船舶长期处于海洋环境中,腐蚀极为严重,而腐蚀速度与海水的流运速度、气泡、温度、冲击性以及海水所含微生物等因素都有极为密切的关系.船体在海水吕的腐蚀主要有电化学腐蚀、机械作用腐蚀、生物腐蚀和化学腐蚀几种,其中最主要的是电化学腐蚀,即在腐蚀过程中有微电流产生.
发生在船体钢结构上的电化学腐蚀
1.氧的浓差电池作用
由于氧有夺取电子的能力,且水面的氧较水下的氧多,故近水面部分的金属得到电子成为阴极,而水中部分的金属失去电子成为阳极而发生腐蚀.腐蚀发生后,缝隙或缺口处的氧多,而底部氧少,从而底部继续腐蚀,最后成为锈坑或锈穿.
2.两种不同金属或钢种的腐蚀
在海水中,两种不同成分的金属接触时,电势较低的金属成为阳极发生腐蚀,例如铆钉和焊缝处容易锈蚀,原因即在于此.
3.氧化皮引起的腐蚀
由于氧化皮的电极电位比钢铁约高0.26V,所以成为阴极,而钢铁本身成为阳极发生腐蚀.
4.涂膜下的腐蚀
由于实际上涂膜表面有微孔存在,所以海水仍可缓慢穿过涂膜产生电化学腐蚀.此时,含涂膜的部分成为阴极,不含涂膜的部分成为阳极而发生腐蚀,所以使涂膜鼓起破坏.在涂膜未损环或失效时,这一过程是缓慢的.
涂漆前未除尽的氧化皮、锈蚀物、污物、水分、盐类等,在涂膜下加速腐蚀进程,破坏涂膜.涂装时漏涂等施工缺陷也会加速腐蚀进程,从而过早破坏涂膜.涂膜损坏后,将产生前述各种腐蚀,这种腐蚀速度比未涂漆时更快.
5.杂散电流引起的腐蚀
由于供电或电焊时,违反操作规程,产生漏电,从而使船体变成一个巨大的阳极,产生大规模的腐蚀.这种腐蚀是非常惊人的,例如,某厂建造的四艘海船,出厂一年,6mm的钢板几乎全部烂穿.
机械作用腐蚀
机械作用的腐蚀包括腐蚀作用和机械磨损,两者相互加速.其中包括冲击腐蚀,这是由于液体湍流或冲击所造成的；空泡腐蚀,高速流动的液体,因不规则流动,产生空泡,形成“水锤作用”,常常破坏金属表面的保护膜,加速腐蚀作用,如螺旋桨、泵轴等处易发生；微振磨损腐蚀,两个紧接着的表面相互振动而引起的磨损；应力腐蚀开裂,是在拉伸应力的腐蚀介质作用下的金属腐蚀破坏,金属内会产生沿晶或穿晶的裂纹.
生物腐蚀生物腐蚀是由海洋生物在船度附着引起的,这种腐蚀包括化学腐蚀和电化学腐蚀两种.由于海洋生物在船度的附着,破坏了漆膜,造成局部电化学腐蚀；由于微生物的新陈代谢作用,分泌出具有侵蚀性的产物如C02/NH4OH/H2S等以及其他有机酸和无机酸引起钢板的腐蚀作用.本文编辑：进口铝板

BOARD--the side of a
vessel -; fm. the Old French bort, meaning ';edge, ship's side'. From this
reference word we get on board, out board, in board and boarding etc…
STARBOARD ;--the
right side of a vessel – slurring of "steering-board". Prior to the invention of
the modern rudder, an oar was hung over the right hand side of the ship in order
to steer. Indeed, the word rudder is a corruption of the old English word
rother, which simply means ‘oar or paddle’.
LARBOARD – the left
side of a vessel – slurring of "larder-board". Due to the need to keep the
vessel’s steering oar clear for manoeuvring, the left hand side of the ship was
put alongside the dock/wharf in order to load/off-load cargo or ‘larder’ the
ship – fm. the Latin word lardarium meaning ‘a room for storing
food’.
PORT – the left
side of a vessel – corruption of the French word portage, meaning ‘to
carry’, which you certainly had to do with all of the ship’s cargo. Same reason
as for larboard. Interestingly, all commercial harbours are historically called
‘ports’ because they’re places that sailors knew that they’d have to carry
something.
STERN – the
rearmost (blunt) end of a vessel – fm. the Norse word stjórn meaning
‘steering’. (Ref: STARBOARD)
BOW
– the front (pointy) end of a vessel – fm. the German
boog, meaning ‘shoulder’ or a ‘main branch of a tree’. A very stout piece
of timber was required to form the front of a vessel, due to the pounding it
took from the ocean, (more so if a ram was affixed there). The best part of a
tree for this job was then a main branch, or stem, for it’s strength and
flexibility. This led to the expression "from stem to stern".
HISTORIC NOTE -
: Vast forests were planted to produce
the desired woods required for shipbuilding – and the desired shapes (for
certain key pieces) were cultivated like giant bonsai trees.

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DECK – a floor of
a ship. Originally, a canvas covering on a ship. Later, a solid surface serving
as a roof and floor. – fm. the Dutch word dec, meaning ‘covering, roof’
or dekken meaning ‘to cover’.
HEAD – the top of
a ship’s mast or rib. In the case of a rib, it would be a headpiece (or brace)
used to support something above it for strength.
DECKHEAD – today
it refers to the bottom of the deck above you (the ceiling), however it actually
refers to the rib braces supporting the entire deck (floor) above you. We refer
to the ship’s ribs as frames today.
BULKHEAD – a
barrier (wall) between separate compartments inside a ship. Originally, it was a
method of packing and securing loose cargo (something in bulk). Today it refers
to all internal and superstructure walls. A perfect example of ‘bulk-head’
packing is a warship’s ammunition magazine and how the individual shells are
stored.
HULL – the main
body of a ship, including the sides, bottom and deck but not the superstructure
or fittings. – fm. the Old English word hulu, meaning ‘seed shell or
fruit rind’.
HISTORIC
NOTE: – In ancient times
(pre-cannon), naval battles were little more than land battles fought on the
water. Ships would draw alongside each other and the soldiers would board (and
fight) like the infantry that they were or they’d ram each other. There was no
‘standing’ Navy per se, but ‘temporarily converted’ merchant ships, which had
been pressed into service. Indeed, the very word navy comes from the
Latin navis, which simply means ‘ship’. Eventually, advances in ship
design and weaponry meant that you didn’t have the luxury of time to convert
your merchant fleet into warships, a permanent class of warship was required.
FO"C"SLE – slurring of the word forecastle – the forward or bow
weather deck. In ancient times, merchant ships were pressed into service as
warships and would require a fighting conversion. This included the actual
building of an archery tower (a castle) on both the forward and after parts of
the ship. Most were constructed of light wood, for stability purposes, however
there are some historical cases of stone being employed. A quick way of writing
fo’c’sle is FX.
AFTERCASTLE – an
archaic reference to the after weather deck. Today this part of the ship is
called the Quarterdeck, however it is still written as AX (which can be
confusing, but this is the reason for it).
QUATERDECK – the
after weather deck. Literally a deck which ran 1/4th of the ships’
length from the stern. Traditionally, the position of command where the vessels’
master/captain would control the ship. He could best judge the wind and sea
direction from there, adjusting his sails and course accordingly.
Respect is always payed (salute or come briefly to
attention/doff cap) to the quarterdeck when boarding or leaving a ship as an
acknowledgment of the Captain’s authority (the Crown), however it has a more
ancient history.
Sailors are a superstitious lot, and the ocean is a
dangerous place, so they would erect a shrine to whichever god they hoped would
protect them. Of course, the most comfortable place on a sailing ship is at the
stern, so that’s where they placed the shrine and would pay homage to it
whenever they entered or left the ship. Interestingly, the vessel’s Master would
also act as their god’s priest (mess with the Captain and you mess with god!)
and this tradition has carried on to today. In particular, the performance of
marriage or burial at sea.
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BRIDGE – the
command position of a modern, powered ship and a term that we have the stoker
trade to thank for. The first application of steam powered vessels involved
covered paddle-wheels amidships (port & starboard). The new maritime trade
of engineer (slang word of stoker is due to the shovelling of coal into
the furnace of the steam engine) had to do maintenance on these wheels and built
a bridge between them for ease of access. The Captain, on his quarterdeck, saw
that he could control this new powered vessel of his better from this bridge and
transferred his command position there. When it was later proven that screw
propellers are superior to paddle wheels (and that they’d solved the question of
piercing the hull with a propeller shaft without sinking the ship) the paddle
wheels were gone but the bridge remained.
HEADS – the
lavatory. Always pronounced in the plural. In the days of sail, the wind would
ideally come from astern or the quarters (45 degrees from astern). Therefore it
was prudent to go to the head of the ship (bow) to do your business (remembering
the saying "don’t piss into the wind"). You had a choice of which side of the
bow to use and this is why it’s referred to in the plural. (only the USN uses
the singular ‘head’)

建议上一些英语论坛,里面很多材料
比如特普

1,这应该合理吧,货仓起火肯定不是人为原因,大家都清楚船上环境
2.被烧毁的货物,船方不该赔偿,这个有保险吧,即使要赔偿,应该是船舶管理公司赔偿,这船是船东直属的还是管理公司的你没说清楚,
3,这损失不清楚属于什么损失,不过反过来想,损失了18000美元货物,但是保全了船,船员,和剩下的货物安全.
我是船员懂的也不多

第一个有顶真,第二个是比喻

pilot on board,引航员上船时间

the supply-demand of Marine Market appears reversing

你这问题问的太笼统了吧：
首先,对不同吨位的船抗风性是不同的,如果是一千吨以下的小船,可能三四级风就会颠簸的厉害,但对大吨位的船舶,尤其上万吨的船舶,那几乎不是问题,更大的船或许感觉不到三四级风带来的感觉.

再有就是航向,也就是风舷角的不同也会有不同的影响,船舶的摇摆主要受风和船体夹角的影响.如果是横风船舶可能会横摇很大,并且可能会造成货物移动、船员感觉不适.如果是顶风或顺风,对船舶的纵摇有一定的影响,因为船舶纵向远大于横向（船长远大于船宽）,所以纵摇相对来讲对人员、货物影响较小,但对船舶的纵向强度影响最大.大型船舶在受到风浪综合影响时,在纵摇的情况下最容易折断.

人类 工厂 世界 老师 工人 律师 科学家 天文 地理 技术 科学 信息 图片 声音 食物 心情 科目 职业

借喻

Introduction
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For a long time the drift boat has been the famous wooden McKenzie style built in the 1930s and 1940s by Woodie Hindman or Tom Kaarhus from Norway in McKenzie river country.With the appearance of new materials such as Aluminum and fiberglass we have seen an evolution in design and shape,sometimes for the good sometimes for the worse.A number of drift boat companies got started by a passionate fly fisherman who wanted to make a living building drift boats,but knew little about composite materials in particular and boat design in general.The movie "A River Runs Through It" gave a boost to fly fishing in 1998 and helped those companies to survive for a while.
The way to do it was by making a copy of a copy with little or no modification and no consideration for the esthetic.The result is today a lot of frustrated drift boats owners.For example fifteen years ago,boats were wrongly built with core material into the bottom,today they are falling apart.Potential buyers are very skeptical,because they ave heard the horror stories.
There is no reason however not to expect more than just a floating platform that will get you down the river.In sailing design there is an old saying:
"if the boat is beautiful,she is a fast boat!"
A shiny,waxed and clean drift boat can be the pride of its owner.If a cheap wooden or fiberglass boat will get you to the same fishing spots as well as a more fancy one,in the long run it may worth it to opt for the quality.But quality is time and time is money,some times the size of the budget available leaves no choice.
>>> BACK TO TOP

(1)1、乐观的精神.2、顽强的斗志.3、老当益壮
（2）答：不是,诗人所说的理想是为大多数人谋利的理想,是要牺牲私人利益的,而不是什么黄金梦、自私心.
(3)有很多啊,许多科学家在发明新东西的时候.（你自己去找吧,非常多）

给我分吧!呵呵!

在本文中,一个潜在的板的方法是采用螺旋桨andduct.水动力相互作用之间的管道,螺旋桨和老板发生considerationby迭代法.该速度引起的导管被视为一个部分流入相对螺旋桨和老板和速度引起的螺旋桨和老板视为一部分流入相对于管.第一螺旋桨和老板一起绕流直接解.然后绕流管的计算.迭代过程直到两个负荷和导管衔接.当速度对导管螺旋桨诱导的计算,不同的治疗应用.一是速度的导管螺旋桨诱导平均圆周,即管工作在轴symmetricalflow.另一方面,导管假定旋转的螺旋桨在同一角速度,在这种情况下速度对导管螺旋桨诱导不同圆周.管道表面和螺旋桨和老板分为小hyper-boloidal四边形板.控制点是位于中心的每个面板.偶极子源等强度分布在各个小组.的力量,后者是已知的,边界积分方程的双会离散化为线性代数方程组.一组线性代数方程未知的双重优势的螺旋桨可以写为

航海船舶的速度单位1节/小时,1节=1海浬,1海浬=1.852公里,m/s这个单位不适用于航海上,用于风速还差不多.一般大型集装箱航速大概在25节左右,也就是每小时航行里程约46.3公里,什么概念?自行车的3倍,或者你自己去比较吧!

C

先升,后降,再升
在通过气旋时,在气旋边缘空气向中心靠拢.所以在气旋边缘时气压会高于中心.
而中心位置,由于空气靠拢会低于正常空气气压.

节是速度单位,表示 海里/小时.1节=1海里/小时=1.852公里/小时.

就船舶而言,一般不会在深水区进行锚泊.
特殊船只,如钻井船等,通常采用动力定位的形式,而不是锚泊.即使是锚泊,在服役前,考虑到工作环境,会选择相对应长度的锚链.而且如果锚链过长的话,选用特殊材质锚链,如聚烯质锚链

当前商船船舶燃料普遍采用从原油最先分离出来的,燃料油作为成品油的一部分,是石油加工过程中在汽、煤、柴油之后从原油中分离出来的较重的剩余产物.因此被叫做重油,渣油.主要由石油的裂化残渣油和直馏残渣油制成的.其特点是黑褐色粘稠状可燃液体,粘度适中,燃料性能好,发热量大,含非烃化合物、胶质、沥青质较多.广泛用于船舶锅炉燃料、加热炉燃料、冶金炉和其他工业炉燃料.用于作锅炉燃料,雾化性良好,燃料完全,腐蚀性少.燃料油按sh/t 0356-1996分为1号、2号、4号轻、4号、5号轻、5号重、6号和7号8个牌号. 船舶主机一般采用这个重油,而副机锅炉等设备使用轻质柴油. 作为炼油工艺过程中的最后一种产品,产品质量控制有着较强的特殊性.最终燃料油产品形成受到原油品种、加工工艺、加工深度等许多因素的制约.

一定时期内,运输部门实际运送的货物吨数和它的运输距离的乘积.以吨公里(海运企业用吨海里)为单位.运输部门制定计划和经济考核的重要指标之一.
货物周转量：是指在一定时期内,由各种运输工具实际完成运送过程的以重量和运送距离的复合单位（吨公里）计算的货物运输量.把各种运输工具采用各种运输形式（铁路、公路、水运、空运、
管道）完成的货运量或货物周转量相加,就得到货运总量和货物总周转量.
4800*1800+(4800-1600)*c无路程+(4800-1600)*1800+(4800-1600+800)*360
数据不全,无法计算,自己算吧,这里用的是海里,算出来后还要转换成公里数.
1海里=1.852公里(千米) (中国标准)
1海里=1.85101公里(千米).(美国标准)
1海里=1.85455公里(千米).(英国标准)
1海里=1.85327公里(千米).(法国标准)
1海里=1.85578公里(千米).(俄罗斯标准)

主动力装置以主机类型命名,主要有蒸汽机、汽轮机、柴油机、燃气轮机和核动力装置等五类.现代运输船舶的主机以柴油机为主,在数量上占绝对优势.蒸汽机曾经在船舶发展史上起过重要作用,但目前几乎全被淘汰.汽轮机在大功率船上长期占有优势,但也日益为柴油机所取代.燃气轮机和核动力装置仅为少数船舶所试用,尚未得到推广.
船舶运力,指的就是船舶的载货能力,包括舱容（按体积算）、载重量（以重量算）与船舶动力无关.

呃,你给的数据肯定没办法算出准确值的,一般的要求精确的话情况肯定要用此船的静水力曲线,查出来给定吃水情况下的排水量,减去船自重就是装的砂了!而且静水力表也可以查到在给定吃水情况下的每厘米吃水吨数,因为船都是甲板大,往下就逐渐收缩的,所以在不同吃水情况下,每公分吃水装的吨数也不一样!
你这里没有静水力资料的话,就只能估算了!
一般内河驳船的方形系数在0.89-0.95之间,干舷1.25m,那吃水就是型深4.85m-1.25m=3.6m,排水量=L*B*T*C(这个C是方形系数）,我们取方形系数0.92的话,排水量就是2479t,减去船自重651t,装沙大概是1828t,这样在干舷1.25m的情况下,每cm吃水大概就是5.08t咯!

Single voyage charter is also known as One-way charter, i.e. the vessel rented is only for one shipment, and the charter contract will be ending at the end of the shipment.

油轮手册上都有 自己去看看

总吨是能装多少.排水量是船舶侵入水的体积.和实际载重有关.
净载重是指除了船舶本身,器材,人员,杂物外总吨所剩下的重量.
舱容积是舱柜体积之和.
货物密度等于实际货物体积/舱容积.

船舶涂料与涂装技术
可以看看这本书..具体咋算 不是这个专业的人应该都不了解 要么问老师 要么靠自己了

铁电做的最好的应该是比亚迪,他在全球汽车市场占据了60%的市场,也在许多大型的比如船、其他设务直应用.都显示出了非常好的性能.

电功率平衡包括应急源电力负荷是验证尽可能的参加检验员和任何差异众所周知的数字示波器和造船厂

1．①洗涤。
　 ②只能远远看见而不能接近。
2．理想的意义。
3．“大写的人”指脱离了低级趣味，有崇高理想并为之奋斗不止的人。“庸人”指一般的人，即无理想、碌碌无为的人。（意对即可）
4．“略”。提示：注意写出理想对不同人的不同意义。

动稳性与船舶的重心,浮心位置等因素有关.与风浪载荷的大小,方向,角度无关的.但也不能说是具体船舶固有,因为船舶的装载状态不一样,动稳性也会发生改变.专业领域习惯使用动稳性曲线表征船舶的动稳性性能,横坐标是倾角,纵坐标是复原力臂.具体可参见上海交通大学出版的《船舶原理》上册.

前者在本科阶段几乎没有什么不同,到了硕士就叫载运工具和交通信息工程了,后者本科是轮机管理偏重于船舶修造,到了硕士就是轮机工程了,轮机工程更趋向于船舶设计.

那时怎么可能有蒸汽动力?蒸汽机是1785年左右才发明应用的,1807（?）美国人富尔顿将其应用于船运,制成第一艘蒸汽轮船.1590年是不可能有蒸汽动力船只的,而内燃机比蒸汽机更晚.
1590年的船只基本还是帆船,依赖风力（实际上蒸汽轮船出现之初还得部分依赖风力,1840年鸦片战争中英国舰队就是这样）.虽然是风力,但如果操作得当同样也可以远航（具体怎么个操作法还是问水手吧）.如果风力不足或者逆风,也可以手划,但是这样很累,消耗人力.所以一般尽量使用风力.内河航运遇到航道险要或是逆水航行有时用纤夫拉船（也是个非常苦的活）.

总的尺寸长度：大约179.88m
两柱间长（垂线间距）：172.0m