联合国教科文组织于何时将秦始皇陵列入“世界文化遗产名录”

（1）目的：为加强南北交通，巩固隋王朝对全国的统治。隋炀帝
（2）特点：变直、距离缩短、东移
（3）意义：促进了南北交通发展，促进了南北经济交流，促进了运河两岸城市的发展等。

本题考查的是大运河。隋朝大运河开凿的目的是为加强南北交通，巩固隋王朝对全国的统治，是隋炀帝下令开凿的。材料二的元朝运河，与材料一中的隋朝运河比较，其特点是变直、距离缩短、东移。大运河的开通对后世的经济发展的意义：促进了南北交通发展，促进了南北经济交流，促进了运河两岸城市的发展等。

B

相对论是爱因斯坦提出的；故选B．

云南丽江古城和山西平遥古城

C

D

A、太阳能、风能没有附属物，对环境无污染，故A正确；
B、塑料产品难于降解，任意丢弃会造成白色污染，所以推行“限塑令”有利用改善环境，故B正确；
C、推广使用“乙醇汽油”，能减少有害气体排放，能有效地减缓环境污染，同时也节约了化石燃料，故C正确；
D、焚烧秸秆产生大量有害气体和粉尘，会污染空气，故D错误．
故选：D．

大兴安岭

C

B

B

×

C

由图可知，黄山主峰海拔约为1873米，根据垂直递减率，夏季该景区主峰气温高于冰点，不可以看到冰川，所以答案为C。云海是黄山第一奇观，黄山自古就有黄海之称，黄山集名山之长。泰山之雄伟，华山之险峻，衡山之烟云，庐山之瀑，雁荡山之巧石，峨眉山之清凉，黄山无不兼而有之，为自然景观，九华山位于安徽省池州市东南境，西北隔长江与天柱山相望，东南越太平湖与黄山同辉，是安徽“两山一湖”（黄山、九华山、太平湖）黄金旅游区，所以选项ABD都不能选。

解题思路：

(1)根据条形统计图和扇形统计图，求出阅读6本的人数和阅读传记类的人数的比例，补全图1，图2.

(2)根据平均数的概念求出一个学期平均每人阅读课外书的本数。再求出这个学校学生一个学期阅读课外书籍的总数。

(3)根据众数和中位数的概念求解即可。

(1)阅读6本的人数=100−9−38−25−11−9−3=5人，

阅读传记类的人数的比例=1−35%−6%−25%=34%，

据此补全图1、图2:

(2)(本)，

即这100名学生一个学期平均每人阅读课外书籍3本。

4000×3="12"000，

估计这个学校学生一个学期阅读课外书籍共12000本。

(3)众数为20分钟，中位数为40分钟。

（1）补图见解析；（2）3，12000；（3）20分钟，40分钟.


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①答案示例：让我们走进书本，去吸取精神的营养。
②答案示例：1）召开读书动员大会；2）推荐读书目录；3）开展读书活动；4）总结读书活动情况。
（答案不唯一）

3838438 wojkooojhyhtdvebdswdnbbbbbbbbbbl

B

A

I am very glade to hear that you and your parents will come to Mt.huangshan.Here I give you some information to you.
Huangshan Mountain in east China's Anhui province is one of Chinas ten best-known scenic spots,It is characterized by the four wonders,namely,odd-shaped pines,grotesque rock formation,seas of clouds and crystal-clear hot springs.Mount Huangshan is celebrated for having all the features of mountain scenery.Known as the No.1 Mountain Under heaven,it features numerous imposing peaks(77 exceed an altitude of 1,000m),forests of stone pillars and evergreen sturdy pines; other features include grotesquely-shaped rocks (many of which are individually named,such as "pig-headed monk eating water melon"),waterfalls,pools and hot springs.Because of its mists and clouds,natural scenery in the area changes beyond prediction.Xu Xiake,a noted Chinese geologist and traveler in Ming Dynasty,praised Huangshan Mountain as the best of all mountains.
Mount Huangshan was listed as one of the World Natural and Cultural Heritages in 1990.
Mount Huangshan extends 40 kilometers from south to north and 30 kilometers from east to west,covering an area of 1200 square kilometers,the highlights of which occupy 154 square kilometers.
Huangshan Mountain is a marvel:within an area of 154 square kilometers there is a crowd of peaks,72 of which have names indicating the shapes they resemble.Lotus,Brightness Top and Celestial Capital are the three major ones,all rising above 1,800 meters above sea level.The mountains are a body of granite,often with vertical joints.Erosion and fracture contributed to shape the rocks into huge columns,giving rise to lofty peaks and deep ravines.When it is cloudy the pinnacles loom in mists as if they were illusionary,while the sun is shining they unfold in all their majesty and splendor.Huangshan Mountain change its color and appearance with the alternation of seasons.In spring blooming flowers decorate the slopes in a riot of color and fill the valleys with fragrance; in summer you see verdure peaks rising one upon another and hear springs gurgling merrily.Autumn dresses the mountains in red and purple as maples and some other trees are blazing-red; winter turns them into a world of frost and ice with silver boughs and rocks everywhere.Here in Huangshan,pines and rocks are intimately involved with each other,almost every rock has a pine tree growing out of the crevice,and every tree has tortuous and gnarled roots and branches.The still sea of snow-white cloud can suddenly begin to roll and toss,rise or fall,gather or disperse while the peaks emerge and disappear in the clouds like isles in the ocean.So from ancient times it has been frequented by tourists seeking their mystery and admiring their frequented by tourists seeking their mystery and admiring their scenery.They come to the conclusion that the fantastic pines,the grotesque rocks,the sea of clouds and the hot springs are the four major attractions of the Yellow Mountains.As a matter of fact there are marvels almost everywhere,especially in the following scenic areas:Wenquan (Hot Spring),Yupinglou (Jade Screen Tower),Xihai ( West Sea),Beihai (North Sea),Yungusi (Cloud Valley Temple) and Songgu'an (Pine Valley Nunnery).
There is plentiful rainfall in Huangshan Mountain.Therefore there are thick forests.Owing to the peculiar terrain,the Huangshan Mountain's climate is marked by a vertical change,and the vertical distribution of vegetation is also distinctive:plants on the summit,on the middle levels and at the foot belong to the frigid,temperate and subtropical zones respectively.There are more than 1500 species of plants,of which trees comprise one third.So the Huangshan Mountain occupy an important place in China's botanical research.Here you will find century-old pines,firs,ginkgoes,actinidia,Chinese torreyas and camphor woods,remnants of the glacial era.A number of trees are celebrated on account of their age,grotesque shape,or precipitously perched position.Mount Huangshan abound in flowering plants; many of them are rare ones,such as Huangshan Rhododendron,magnolia as well as azalea,camellia,plum,lily,orchid,and so on.It has a rich store of medicinal herbs; more than 300 kinds are found here; the notable ones being glossy ganoderma ginseng,Chinese gold thread rhizome and Chinese cinnamon.Maofeng tea of Huangshan is well known at home and abroad.
Huangshan Mountains also provide the natural habitat for a wide variety of fauna.Among the animals there are monkeys,goats,deer,pangolin and squirrels.There are rare birds such as the red-billed leiothrix,the silver pheasant,the octave-tone bird and the oriole,all good singers.The red-billed leiothrix (called "love birds" in Chinese) are so lovely that they have become favorites of foreign tourists and are exported by pairs.Besides,chukkar(stone frog) from the streams is good to make delicious dishes with.
Mt.Huangshan's climate is mild and humid,neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter,the temperature is agreeable all the year round .
It is cool in summer,averaging 70 掳F at the North Sea Area ( 1 ,630 meters above sea) and 80 掳F at Hot Spring Area (630 meters above sea) in July (the hottest month).As clouds often shut out the sun,hot weather never stays long,and this makes Yellow Mountains an ideal summer resort.
Mt.Huangshan lies in subtropical zones,so it's not quiet cold in winter,at least,not so cold as some people expected.The temperature ranges from 25 掳F to 40 掳F,but it's enough to result in a fantastic snow scenery and a silver world with pines and precipitous peaks covered with snow and decorated with icicles
Today Mt.Huangshan has become a world-famous tourist attraction.With its convenient facilities:three cable lines,four three-star hotels on the top,all the paths paved with flat stones,it lures millions of visitors both from home and abroad.Seeing is believing.Welcome to Mount Huangshan.
Next I will tell you how can you reach Mt.huangshan.First you can by air plane to Beijing then by air Flight CA1551 (19:00/21:00,Daily) or By train:K45 (11:45/07:33,Daily).
Last welcome you and your parents to huangshan.Have a goode trip!

1．【甲】②　【乙】③　【丙】①
2．“俯而学”指的是要沉下心去深入学习，潜心钻研。（要树立“衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴”的钻研精神，细细揣摩，穷追不舍）“仰而思”指的是要在学习过程中注意放眼观察周围的事物，理论联系实际。
3．示例：列举赵括的例子证明没有做到“仰而思”就不能获得成功；列举司马迁的例子证明只有做到“仰而思”才能有所成就。
（意对即可）

C

第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
1995年11月15日，联合国教科文组织作出决议，将每年的4月23日定为“世界读书日”（World Book Day），目的是是鼓励人们尤其是年轻人发现读书的乐趣，并以此对那些推动人类社会和文化进步的人们所做出的伟大贡献表示感谢和尊重。请根据下图，首先谈谈你对读书的认识(至少两点)，如：读书可以丰富自己的知识，开拓眼界，……；其次谈谈你是如何读书的；最后谈谈你打算今后如何读书（至少两点）。字数150词左右。
注意：短文的开头已写，不计入总词数。
2010 sees the celebration of the fifteenth World Book Day.____________________
___________________________________________________________________

One possible version:
2010 sees the celebration of the fifteenth World Book Day. Books are very important in our daily life because they have recorded the history and the wisdom of human beings. Books are also works of art and science, and vehicles for ideas. Books improve our understanding of the world. Good books can bring us a large fortune. They also provide development opportunities for all ages and, in particular, for us young people. We should know that a person who doesn’t read has no future, nor does a nation.
I have loved reading since I began to study in primary school. But, being a high school student, I have been burdened with heavy school works and haven’t had much time to read books. I should try to do some reading every day though I’m busy preparing for the university entrance examinations. And I will not only read ancient Chinese masterpieces but also foreign literature books.

略

Senior High School Students’ Outside Reading
As is shown in the chart, senior high school students spend less time reading as their grade rises. On average, students in Senior One spend 7 hours per week reading and those in Senior Two 5 hours. Much less time, only 2 hours, is devoted to reading by Senior 3 students.
Reasons are various. First, most students don’t attach enough importance to outside reading. As a consequence, their reading time is often taken up by other activities. Second, with their grade becoming higher, they have more homework to do, leaving no spare time for reading.
In my opinion, students should arrange adequate reading time to broaden their horizons. Meanwhile, teachers may encourage their students’ outside reading by offering them a list of good books.

略

C


在核反应堆中利用控制棒吸收中子使中子的数目减少来控制核裂变反应的速度。核反应是原子核的变化，中子是用来轰击原子核的，中子流是人造的，中子对环境没什么影响，故C错误。

A

B．荡气回肠：(文章、乐曲等)十分动人，不能形容人；C鳞次栉比：形容房屋多且有次序排列，形容山不当；D．不可理喻：不能用道理使他明白。

B

（1）八年级的百分率是：1﹣28%﹣38%=34%；
（2）B=1﹣0.34﹣0.25﹣0.06=0.35
由816÷0.34=2400得图书是总数是2400，
所以A=2400×0.25=600（本）
故A的值为600，B的值为0.35；
（3）因为八年级的人数是408人，占34%，所以求得全校人数有：408?34%=1200（人），所以全校学生平均每人阅读：2400 ÷1200=2（本）．

D

解题思路：被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》的南亚建筑是泰姬陵．

泰姬陵（Taj Mahal）是印度知名度最高的古迹之一．1983年入选世界遗产名录．2007年7月8日被评选为“世界新七大奇迹”．
故选：A．

点评：
本题考点： 东南亚旅游业的发展状况．

考点点评： 考查了南亚的著名建筑，要牢记．

1990

相对论是爱因斯坦提出的；
故选B．

解题思路：（1）由频率总数等于1，可求出A的值，由科普常识的频数与频率可求出总本数，再乘以频率即可求得B．
（2）根据扇形统计图给出的数据，求出总人数，再用总本数除以总人数即可解答．

（1）0.4、400；
因为1-25%-35%=40%；
又设学校图形本数为x，则[500/x＝
1
4]，x=2000本；
A=[800/2000]=0.4，2000×0.2=400本（4分）；

（2）学校总人数为350÷35%=1000人，
2000
1000＝2本．（7分）

点评：
本题考点： 频数（率）分布表；扇形统计图．

考点点评： 本题考查读频数分布表的能力和扇形统计图获取信息的能力．读图时要全面细致，同时，解题方法要灵活多样，切忌死记硬背，要充分运用数形结合思想来解决由统计图形式给出的数学实际问题．

解题思路：解答此题从以下知识点入手：
（1）光遇到水面、玻璃以及其他许多物体的表面都会发生反射．
（2）凸透镜成像规律及其应用：
u＞2f，成倒立、缩小的实像，应用于照相机和摄像机．
2f＞u＞f，成倒立、放大的实像，应用于幻灯机和投影仪．
u＜f，成正立、放大的虚像，应用于放大镜和老花镜．

（1）平静的水面上有岸边景物的倒影，是由于岸边景物在水面上成的像，是平面镜成像，属于光的反射现象，故AB错误；
（2）拍摄时底片上的像是道理缩小的实像，故C正确，D错误．
故选C．

点评：
本题考点： 平面镜的应用；漫反射；凸透镜成像的应用．

考点点评： 此题考查了平面镜的应用和凸透镜成像规律及其应用，凸透镜成像的三种情况和应用是凸透镜成像习题的重要依据，一定要熟练掌握．

B

解题思路：A．减少化石能源的使用有利于节能减排和改善环境；
B．垃圾应分类处理，回收再利用；
C．地铁、轻轨等轨道交通，减少氮的氧化物的排放；
D．推行“限塑令”，减少塑料制品的大量使用．

A．因减少化石能源的使用有利于节能减排和改善环境，太阳能、风能为新能源，则推广可利用太阳能、风能的城市照明系统利于节能减排和改善环境，故A不选；
B．垃圾应分类处理，回收再利用，不能将未经分类的生活垃圾直接填埋，不利于节能减排和改善环境，故B选；
C．汽车的大量使用导致汽车尾气中氮的氧化物的大量排放，而地铁、轻轨等轨道交通，减少氮的氧化物的排放，则利于节能减排和改善环境，故C不选；
D．推行“限塑令”，减少塑料制品的大量使用，减少白色污染，则加快研发利用二氧化碳合成的聚碳酸酯类可降解塑料，利于节能减排和改善环境，故D不选；
故选B．

点评：
本题考点： 常见的生活环境的污染及治理．

考点点评： 本题考查节能减排及改善环境，注重化学的可持续发生，明确常见环境问题的处理及减少污染、开发新能源及研发新材料促进人类的发展，题目难度不大．

①示例：读一本好书,就像和许多高尚的人谈话；书籍是幸福时期的欢乐,痛苦时期的慰藉；理想的书籍是智慧的钥匙；书籍是最好的朋友.等等.
②示例：孔子——周游列国；杏坛讲座.孟子——孟母三迁.
（答案不唯一）

ABCD

不用怀疑准确性,选3点即可得分.
因为:①它是当今世界上现存规模最大,建筑最雄伟,保存最完整的古代宫殿和古建筑群.②规模大;③构造严谨;④装饰精美,⑤文物之众多;⑥在中国古建筑中绝无仅有,是世界著名的皇宫建筑群等.

C

解题思路：（1）本题需根据七八年级所占的百分比即可求出九年级人数占全校总人数的百分，即可求出图1中九年级所占的圆心角的度数；
（2）由频率总数等于1，可求出A的值，由科普常识的频数与频率可求出总本数，再乘以频率即可求得B；
（3）根据扇形统计图给出的数据，求出总人数，再用总本数除以总人数即可解答．

（1）由图1可知九年级人数占全校总人数的百分比为：1-35%-30%=35%，
所以图1中九年级所占的圆心角的度数为35%×360°=126°．
故答案为：126；

（2）设学校图形本数为x，则[500/x]=0.25，
∴x=2000，
∴A=[800/2000]=0.4，B=2000×0.2=400；

（3）∵学校总人数为350÷35%=1000人，
∴该校学生平均每人每周读[2000/1000]=2本课外书．

点评：
本题考点： 频数（率）分布表；扇形统计图；加权平均数．

考点点评： 本题考查读频数分布表的能力和扇形统计图获取信息的能力．读图时要全面细致，同时，解题方法要灵活多样，切忌死记硬背，要充分运用数形结合思想来解决由统计图形式给出的数学实际问题．

联合国的英文缩写:UN
联合国教科文组织英文缩写:UNESCO 英文全称:UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIOAL,SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION

北京猿人

2.北京人 4.山顶洞人D

解题思路：A．硅酸盐指的是硅、氧与其它化学元素（主要是铝、铁、钙、镁、钾、钠等）结合而成的化合物的总称．它在地壳中分布极广，是构成多数岩石（如花岗岩）和土壤的主要成分； B．N是植物的营养元素；C．白色污染是人们对难降解的塑料垃圾（多指塑料袋）污染环境现象的一种形象称谓；D．德国化学家维勒首次人工合成尿素．

A．硅酸盐主要有三个方向：水泥、玻璃、陶瓷；陶瓷、砖瓦、玻璃、水泥都是硅酸盐产品，故A正确；
B．哈伯发明的高压合成氨技术，人工合成氮肥，大大缓解了人类所面临的粮食危机问题，故B正确；
C．聚碳酸酯类是可降解塑料，不会产生白色污染，故C正确；
D．德国化学家维勒首次人工合成尿素，首次用无机物人工合成有机物，彻底动摇了“生命力论”，故D错误．
故选D．

点评：
本题考点： 化学的主要特点与意义；化学史．

考点点评： 本题考查硅酸盐，合成氨，可降解塑料，化学史，难度不大，平时注意知识的积累．

C

小题1:示例：书籍是全世界的营养品——莎士比亚 ；书是人类进步的阶梯——高尔基
小题2:名人谈读书， 读书故事
小题3:穿壁引光、刺股读书、韦编三绝等


小题1:

"one of the best habitation for human being" has been nominated by the UNESCO

我喜欢看《查理九世》

解题思路：泰宁县为福建省三明市辖的一个县，位于福建省西北部，武夷山脉南麓，居两省三地市交界处．总面积1533.8平方千米，辖3镇7乡117个村（居）委会，总人口12.8万人，其中农业人口占83%．

泰宁世界地质公园位于武夷山脉中段东南侧，主体部分隶属福建省三明市泰宁县．在原大金湖国家地质公园的基础上，扩大景区范围，于2005年2月11日通过联合国教科文组织的评审，正式升格为泰宁世界地质公园，为第二批世界地质公园．面积492.5平方千米，以丹霞地貌为主体（占252.7平方公里），兼有火山岩、花岗岩构造地貌等多种地质遗迹．
故选：A．

点评：
本题考点： 福建省．

考点点评： 考查福建省丰富的旅游资源，可利用其发展当地经济．

B