英语中的修饰关系有哪些?例:副词修饰动词放在动词后.

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一、主语
主语是句子陈述的对象,说明是谁或什么.表示句子说的是"什么人"、“什么事”、“什么东西”、“什么地方”等等. 名词、代词、数词、动名词、To do不定式、一个句子 都可以做主语.
二、谓语
谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明,指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”. 谓语动词的位置一般在主语之后.
三、宾语
宾语,又称受词,是指一个动作(动词)的接受者.宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语(间接宾语也称宾语补足语)两大类,其中直接宾语指动作的直接对象,间接宾语说明动作的非直接,但受动作影响的对象.一般而言,及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语,而该宾语通常为直接宾语,有些及物动词要求两个宾语,则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语,另一个为间接宾语.名词、代词、数词、动名词、To do不定式、一个句子 都可以做宾语,而to do不定式用于宾语补足语.
四、定语
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的. 主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语. 汉语中常用‘……的’表示.定语和中心语之间是修饰和被修饰、限制和被限制的关系.在汉语中,中心语与定语二者之间有的需要用结构助词“的”,有的不需要,有的可要可不要. “的”是定语的标志.
五、状语
英语中,修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分叫状语(adverbial). 状语的功用:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等. 状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当.其位置一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中. 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念.
六、补语
英语补语的作用对象是主语和宾语,具有鲜明的定语性描写或限制性功能,在句法上是不可或缺的.补语是起补充说明作用的成份.最常见的是宾语补足语.名词、动名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以在句子中作宾补.
七、表语
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词)之后.如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句.
编辑本段动词时态
英语语法中的时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式. 是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式.因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式.
基本句型结构
句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句.
一、简单句
基本形式:简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成.其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来,如五大基本句型:
1.主语+谓语
这种句型简称为主谓结构,其谓语一般都是不及物动词,例: Things change.事物是变化的. Nobody went.没有人去. --Did you go by sea?你们走的是海路吗? --NO,we flew.不,我们是飞去.
2.主语+连系动词+表语
这种句型称为主系表结构,其实连系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词,但实质上表语成了谓语,例: Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家. The milk turned sour.牛奶变酸了. She became a lawyer.她当了律师.
3.主语+谓语+宾语
这种句型可称为主谓宾结构,它的谓语一般多是及物动词,例: We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子. My sister will fix everything.我姐姐会料理一切.
4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语
这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构,其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词,两个宾语一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语,例: He gave the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹. I'll write you a long letter.我将写给你一封长信.
5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构,其补语是宾语补语,与宾语一起即构成复合宾语,例: I found the book easy.我发现这本书不难.(形容词easy作补语) I'll let him go.我将让他去.(不定式go用作补语) 注意:有时两个或更多的并列主语拥有一个共同的谓语,甚至并列有两个主语和两个谓语,这样的句子仍然是简单句,例: China and other countries in the east Asia are developing rapidly.中国和东亚其它国家正在迅速地发展.(China and other countries并列主语) Mr. Wang and I often work together and help each other.王先生和我常在一起工作互相帮助.
It 引导结构
It 既是代词又是引词.作代词时,它可作人称代词、指示代词、非人称代词,用于前指、非确指或习语中.作引词时,它本身无实义,只起先行引导的作用.可作形式主语或形式宾语,真实地主语或宾语是不定式、动名词或名词从句,它们则放在后面.It 也用于强调句结构.如想强调某个词或部分,可用it is (was)+强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+that(who)…的强调结构.本章要求了解代词 it 和引词it 的各种用法,重点掌握it 用于前指或后指;引词it 用于强调结构.
二、并列句
两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”.并列连词有:and, but, or, so等.并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成.并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系.它们之间用连词连结.
三、复合句
复合句(Complex Sentence)由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成. 主句是全句的主体,通常可以独立存在;从句则是一个句子成分,不能独立存在. 从句不能单独成句,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分,就像一个句子一样.所不同在于,从句须由一个关联词(connective)引导.
1、名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses). 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.
1)主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句.主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导.that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分.例如: What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚. Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知. It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布. 有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末.主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式.常用句型如下: (1) It + be + 名词 + that从句 (2)It + be + 形容词 + that从句 (3)It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句 (4)It + 不及物动词 + that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有: It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
2)宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句.引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语. 1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省.例如: He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海. We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好. 注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”.例如: I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作. The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发. 2. 用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序.例如: I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么. She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人,她都会给予热情的支持. 3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序.此外,whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if: a. 引导主语从句并在句首时;b. 引导表语从句时;c . 引导从句作介词宾语时;d. 从句后有“or not”时;e. 后接动词不定式时.例如: Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题. The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?现在的问题是她是否应该有对测试的小意见? Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱. I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他来还是不来. Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留? 4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用 不同时态.例如: he studies English every day. (从句用一般现在时) he studied English last term. (从句用一般过去时) I know (that) he will study English next year. (从句用一般将来时) he has studied English since 1998. (从句用现在完成时) 当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态.例如: The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America. 5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式.即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中.例如: We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这. I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做.
3)表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句.引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导.其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句.例如: The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛. That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的. This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因. It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了. 需要注意的,当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because.例如: The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning . 【注意】whether 可引导表语从句,但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句.
4)同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容.同位语从句通常由that引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等.例如: The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动. I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来. The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别: that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略; that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略. 试比较下面两个例句: I had no idea that you were here.(that引导同位语从句,不能省略) Have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?(that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略)
5)名词性that-从句
1)由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句.That只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义.名词性that-从句在句中能充当主 语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语,例如: 主语:That she is still alive is her luck. 他还活着全靠运气. 宾语:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去. 表语:The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他. 同位语:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 近来谁也没有见过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人不安. 形容词宾语:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴. 2)That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末,例如: It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚,整个计划注定要失败. It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事. 用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系: a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that… 人们相信…… It is known to all that… 众所周知…… It has been decided that… 已决定…… c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句 It appears that… 似乎…… It happens that… 碰巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……
6)名词性wh-从句
1)由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句.Wh-词包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词.Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外,还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等,例如: 主语: How the book will sell depends on its author. 书销售如何取决于作者本人. 直接宾语:In one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲. 间接宾语:The club will give whoever wins a prize. 俱乐部将给得胜者设奖. 表语: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位. 宾语补足语:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字. 同位语: I have no idea when he will return. 我不知道他什么时候回来. 形容词宾语:I'm not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请. 介词宾语: That depends on where we shall go. 那取决于我们去哪儿. 2)Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语,而将wh-从句置于句末,例如: It is not yet decided who will do that job. 还没决定谁做这项工作. It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他们何时结婚依然不明.
7)if, whether引导的名词从句
1)yes-no型疑问从句 从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句,其功能和wh-从句的功能相同, 例如: 主语:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实. 宾语:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完. 表语:The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他. 同位语:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他们调查他是否值得信赖. 形容词宾语: She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来. 介词宾语: I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期. 2)选择性疑问从句 选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…or not构成,例如: Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人. I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划. if和whether的区别: 1、 在动词不定式之前只能用whether .如: 例8 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下. 2、 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中.如: 例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息. 3 、在介词后,只能用whether.如: 例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作. 4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether .如: Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know. 这是否真的,我真的不知道. (例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题.--此例为主语从句,有误,感谢指出) 5、用if会引起歧义时,只用whether.如: 例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ? 这句话有两种意思:“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗?”或“如果你知道答案,请告诉我,好吗?”.如用whether可避免歧义.
2、定语从句
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.
3.、状语从句
状语从句 (Adverbial Clause) 状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子.它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子.根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句.状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起.从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开.
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A.make B.accustom C.force D.let
36.One of my () sayings is " How much you put into it is how much you will get out of it."
A.favorite B.alike C.favorable D.likely
37.Most of the news on the front page of today's daily newspapers () the progress of peace conference.
A.is concerned B.are concerning C.concerns D.concern
38.() Everything is a bit depressing at the moment,but I am sticking to my belief that good times are __________ ,and the future is bright.
A.around a corner B.near the corner
C.in the corner D.around the corner
39.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication() the advertiser pays for the messages to be delivered.
A.in that B.whereas C.which D.now that
40.It is no use () me not to worry about his health.
A.for you to tell B.your telling C.you tell D.having told
41.He opened the door to () were eager to learn knowledge.
A.who B.that C.those who D.those
42.The camera can be () to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.
A.treated B.adjusted C.adopted D.adapted
43.When Mary paid the bill she was given a () for her money.
A.check B.receipt C.ticket D.label
44.The newly () method has brought about great economic benefits to organization men and women.
A.adopted B.accepted C.received D.treated
45.A completely new situation will () when the new income tax system comes into existence.
A.rise B.raise C.arouse D.arise
46.The next afternoon I went to () Miss Barkley again for the same matter.
A.call on B.call forth C.call after D.call off
47.I would rather you () next month instead of tomorrow.
A.will leave B.leave C.would leave D.left
48.Which door does this key ()to?
A.set B.become C.fit D.belong
49.We suddenly saw the bus about to leave and had to run() to catch it.
A.strongly B.nearly C.hard D.hardly
50.When he was in prison,he was not allowed to () with his family.
A.commit B.communicate C.commission D.command
xiaohong07991年前1
xindeng_987 共回答了25个问题 | 采纳率92%
C C C A B
A C C B A
C D B A D
A C C D B
急求英语大神帮忙翻译个面试自我介绍,翻好了追加分啊!
急求英语大神帮忙翻译个面试自我介绍,翻好了追加分啊!
急求,晚上之前要翻译出来。
愿意的留qq
常年14度1年前2
陈经耀 共回答了26个问题 | 采纳率96.2%
百度Hi
一个星期后用英语怎么说
小阿是1年前2
何许人家 共回答了25个问题 | 采纳率88%
after a week
a week late
英语高手来,三道难题!1.My parents will move back into town in a year o
英语高手来,三道难题!
1.My parents will move back into town in a year or ___.
A.later B.after C.so D.about
2.It wasn't until nearly a month later ____ I received the manager's reply.
A.sice B.when C.as D.that
3.The storm left,____a lot of damages to this area.
A.caused B.to have caused C.to cause D.having caused
我第三个选A,过分不是可以表完成吗?可是答案不是A,为什么?
Aeroplan1年前5
我非善良 共回答了24个问题 | 采纳率91.7%
1 C or so是固定搭配,表示大约,左右的意思,句子意思就是说我的父母大约一年左右就会搬回小镇.
2 D 这是个强调句,it was not until…that…是个句型.
3 D 是个非谓语结构,表伴随.
因此我不赞成是A,B,D
英语题目啊,帮忙解答!三Q一.句型转换1.【同义句】How many floors does your house ha
英语题目啊,帮忙解答!三Q
一.句型转换
1.【同义句】
How many floors does your house have?
How many floors ___ ___ ___ your house?
2.【对打括号部分提问】
My telephone number is [8954621]
___ ___ your telephone number ?
tonyfen1年前4
菲雨飘飘 共回答了18个问题 | 采纳率94.4%
are there in
what is
求一道英语题解释Grammar books here____wella.are sold b.sell c. sells
求一道英语题解释
Grammar books here____well
a.are sold b.sell c. sells d. have been sold
个人认为是C 答案是B 为什么 ,这里是单只语法这一种书,我觉得应该用Sells
76240721年前3
xiangbkang 共回答了22个问题 | 采纳率86.4%
选B
语法书卖得很好,动词后面加S,第三人称单数才加,修饰名词是BOOKS,是复数,所以sell后面不加S
Nick每天早晨6点起床吗?用英语怎么说
念念821年前4
GY5000 共回答了16个问题 | 采纳率93.8%
Does Nick get up at six o'clock every morning?
无线电台的才艺表演 英语怎么说RT
leo8881年前1
513822 共回答了17个问题 | 采纳率100%
Talent show in the wireless radio 追问: 能用talent show in the radio station 吗 回答: 可以的呢!
英语送分题,谁能把that在各个从句中做不做成分,能不能省略总结一下,我看书都看蒙了!
芳芳子1年前1
淑玉断肠 共回答了15个问题 | 采纳率93.3%
that 在名词性从句中(主语、宾语、表语、及同位语从句)不充当成分;
在定语从句中,充当主语、宾语或表语.
英语改错,共10处,每处只许修改一个单词,且能添加,删除,和更换.你回答我告诉你问题
如月1年前1
xin__xin 共回答了9个问题 | 采纳率88.9%
你说,试试看
英语单词怎么样可以快速记忆?记的又多又快的 方法?
sunnyoj1年前1
longsi1982 共回答了22个问题 | 采纳率95.5%
用看字发音法来记单词.最快最有效.看到了就能读,能读了就能写,看字能读,听音能写.这就是方法.
八上英语Unit1 题6.I love junk food very much ,but I try to eat __
八上英语Unit1 题
6.I love junk food very much ,but I try to eat _______only once a week.
A.its B.it C.them D.they
并说明原因
忧郁的小明1年前1
zjliang 共回答了18个问题 | 采纳率94.4%
B
food不可数
在英语中,如何表达年月日?英式和美式的!
yisiliu1年前3
sunxiaodong 共回答了19个问题 | 采纳率94.7%
这是复制的,但是我绝对认同:
日期方面,美英英语的表达方式是有差别的.以日为先,月份为后,此为英国式;美国式则与此相反,以月为先,日期则在后.如一九九六年三月二日的写法:
2nd March, 1996(英)
March 2, 1996(美)
在美式的写法中,1st, 2nd, 3rd的st, nd, rd是不使用的.由于日期书面表达不同,读法也不一样.如1987年4月20日,英式的写法是20th April, 1987,读成the twentieth of April, nineteen eighty-seven;美式的表达是April 20, 1987,则读成April the twentieth, nineteen eighty-seven.同样,全部用数字表达日期时,英美也有差别.1998年5月6日按照英国式应写成6/5/98,而按照美国式应写成5/6/98;01.08.1998是英国式的1998年8月1日,按照美国的表达方式却是1998年1月8日,美国的1998年8月1日应写成08,01,1998.
用英语形容一个男孩子长得梦幻,
kk楼兰1年前3
怎么奇怪了呀 共回答了23个问题 | 采纳率95.7%
Oh,the boy looks so magical~he has a high bridged nose ang brunette curly hai