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猪：Pigs also known as "Wu Jin," and "black-Boy" and "Black God." "Opposition Qian contains" said Tang Dynasty Hongzhou people get rich pig, pig said "Wu Jin." Tang Dynasty "Unzen journal" Reply "Cheng-Ping Yu old Tsay": "black-Lang, that the pigs are." On the land in China, as early as the matriarchal clan commune period, began raising pigs, dogs and other animals. Yuyao, Zhejiang Hemudu Neolithic cultural relics unearthed pottery pig, and now the prison physical pigs is very similar to that of the pig was domesticated now taking shape.
Before the Spring Festival, people in general腊月on the 25th杀猪, 26 letters knife, a can no longer Dongdao.杀猪area in Zhejiang, about "wound-" that wound killed, or identify an inauspicious. Feed when butchers say a "born into the body," then women can not watch the children. Nien to kill a pig blood after the red paper or pressure in chamber angle pigsty to show pigs Weisi. Sheng Salsola collina Pall use Chuihuo extinguishers, water to the whole barrel, the bottom of the immersion tube Chuihuo barrels soup, I used the top of blowing along the barrels blowing lap after a show pig growing fast and big. Joe Salsola collina Pall, it is necessary to stay in the pig and a pigtail quick hair, which means "there is the end of the first," and then the whole pig on Dengshang, first pig Wai, burning incense and raise the world-Salsola collina Pall, pig Poucheng two, with the exception of New Year food, the rest of the I-cylinder, used to prepare years later.
Tianjin, Hebei and so "organized arches" festive window grilles, black wax-paper剪成. Pig piggy back a cornucopia, Zhang Jin, a paste all around that Qiaocaijinbao was intended.
Zhu Di sent Shaanxi with the Marriage Customs. Married the day before, sending four men to the burden of pork, one pair of Zhu Di, saying that "at the hanging," the woman will be "hanging at the" left, to return pig Qiandi. The next day after marriage, husband and wife to take double Noodle and pig Back shoe back home, leaving behind Noodle, Back shoe return, commonly known as "hoof shoes, the hoof to hoof," said that in the future in close contact.
Yunnan"s Xishuangbanna Bulang, wedding day, men and women two to杀猪banquet. Apart from. In addition to entertaining guests, but also have to be cut into small pieces of pork with bamboo pole and string together various distributed to show the "flesh and blood of the pro-" Italy.
Han past a "sow a ghost" civil evil activities. Where home sick disaster unfortunate things home for the elderly will Xiangan to fight to sow ghost festival to the gods wish to obtain evil. Festival, to elect Lucky Days of a Gregorian, scrapping old sows, leisure, shoes, liver, intestine, lung, and so on the one Kuang Li, Tang Wu placed in the middle, the host burning incense wish Baidoa, after the festival, the eating offal cooked swap. People think that "killing one sows ghosts repel an evil."
Yunnan Wa "Zhu Da Gua" divination customs.杀猪, according to Zhu Da吉凶judgement. If biliary profile downstream, the water within the bile, as Kyrgyzstan Gua; about biliary profile trip, less moisture in the guts for hidden hexagrams. In general the use of major events held by the shaman Pottinger hexagrams.
鼠：Mice commonly known as the "mouse" Jianzui mice, named after the color white. China"s earliest history of keeping mice, according to records, 307 ~ 1641 AD Some people caught feeding wild mice, and as the day consisted of ancient monks were. According to information available, from the beginning of the 18th century, the mice started to become experimental animals, and some also keeping watch.
1, biology
(1) taxonomic status
Mice wild murine variants belonging to the animal world, invertebrates doors, nursing Gang, Head of rodents, rat species. China"s current feeding is the most widely from India in 1946 to the introduction of a research institute in southwest China"s Yunnan Province keeping varieties, also known as Kunming. Reply from the 1950s Kunming Institute of Biological Products to Beijing later transported to farmers throughout the country.
(B) Special Health form
After long-mouse selection, orientation training, and has formed many types of varieties. People generally it is divided into ordinary mice, and used to meet the special needs of the two special mice. Special mice have a high cancer mice, and low cancer mice, diabetic mice and rats congenital diseases such as muscular dystrophy. Some have hybrid mice under different methods and access to genetic characteristics of the inbred strains, the mutant strains, and hybrids from TAC and other groups. Before 1972, the international community recognized the inbred mice have been more than 250. Morphological characteristics of the varieties of mice slightly different, but basically almost phase. Ordinary mice of about eight centimeters, slightly short tail or even longer in the body length, it is pointed face, the front of the mouth are inconsistent with long hair, ears stand a semicircular, eyes, Zuijian, hair is pure white and Leukoplakia color. Kunming 90-day-old mice of 9 ~ 11.0 cm long, the general male than female rats, mice after the end of four people to choose the direction of countless generations, living habits, there will definitely be changes, environmental adaptability poor . If we put them back to outdoor environment, and often find it difficult to survive because of the lack of competitiveness. Artificial rearing conditions in the mice, timid fear of panic and docile, more easily capture. When frightened, and uncompromised Shuaidong straight tail. Active at night than during the day, Hei herd. Cluster Erwo white daily, 4 to 5:00 pm after 10 minutes of increased activity, especially in the evening become more active. When people enter in the evening for the rat, mouse can be heard constantly and Kenjiao activities issued by the rustle beep. Mouse-hi dark, quiet environment, the environmental temperature, humidity very sensitive to withstand the high temperatures and sudden changes of temperature. High summer temperatures often affect the pregnancy rate of maternal and offspring growth and development. Winter temperature is too low, it will not only affect the growth and reproduction of mice, and susceptible to various diseases. Mouse is the most appropriate at room temperature 18 to 22 ℃, and relative humidity of 50 to 60% is ideal. In addition, there are mice in the dry corner of nesting habits.
Albino mice afraid of light, strong light, nursing mothers prone to neurological disorders may occur eat rat phenomenon. Noise stimulus will eat rats. Aggressive male, the male sexual maturity together, usually bitten by pit. Male acetic acid secretion with the characteristics of ammonia odor is the smell caused keeping indoor special reasons. Omnivorous animals as mice, the availability of feed lot, but as experimental animals, should address the different types of mice and in all stages of growth and development to develop a reasonable standard diet. Generally healthy mice survived 18 months to 20 months, the longest to live to be two and a half. But often frail elderly mice thin hair, and more died of various diseases, particularly cancer more.
(A) feeding facilities
After all the long-term feeding the mice, poor adaptability to the environment, hot and cold intolerance for clean living in the clean, fresh air, the temperature in the 18 to 22 ℃, relative humidity 50 to 60%, below the 85 dB noise, ammonia concentration 20PPm. Ventilation 8 ~ 12 / hour environment. Therefore, keeping the premises of its construction, requirements more stringent environmental conditions. At present, foreign farmers to use experimental mice kept closed all facilities, indoor temperature. Humidity, light, ventilation full control. Domestic rearing conditions, although now to the mice also meet the basic requirements for the living environment. In addition, the mouse cages is the place to live, but also keeping in the daily operation of appliances starts, thus cages structure, quality, style and weight, whether it is scientific keeping requirements on the growth and reproduction of animals, improve the working conditions of staff and improve work efficiency is very important.
1. For the rat
Mice keeping the premises should not be too large, 20 to 25 square metres suitable. This will be conducive to the adjustment of mouse-and disinfection of premises. If the cottage, each premises should be a certain distance between, at least not less than 15 metres, this can guarantee the spacious surroundings, but also more effective in controlling the spread of the disease. In addition to keeping the premises, should be reasonably designed ancillary facilities. Cleansing and disinfection of rooms, feed, cages, Bedding Storage and staff changing rooms, disinfecting rooms.
2. Rat Tank
At present the domestic use of the white Ciguan. Mud jar and three kinds of plastic can, but also with the corresponding Guange. White Ciguan a barrel shape,上口diameter of 22 cm, 18 cm in diameter at the end of the next, cans suction cm high. The advantage is上口larger, air circulation, cool summer living mice, because it did not leaking, does not easily cause the corrosion-iron rats. Winter insulation performance deficiency is poor, bulky difficult operation. Mud was drum-shaped jar shape, the two ears.上口diameter of 16 cm, 15 cm in diameter at the end of the middle diameter of 18 cm, 17 cm high tank. Advantage of the winter insulation performance, and the use of lighter, and cheaper prices. A moisture-proof, low-light, cheap and reduce the spread of the disease, and other advantages of keeping mice is the traditional appliances. Deficiency is easy to water seepage, size metal frame that came corrosion, long-term use, rat feces and mouse urine odor he argued that big. After scrubbing boiled disinfection, the smell is still difficult to remove, and some larger damage rate is too cumbersome. Plastic can shape a barrel,上口diameter of 23 cm, 19 cm in diameter at the end of the next, cans 14 cm high, Guankou on the edge curling, cans, weighing about 150 grams. Raw materials for plastic. The advantage is the use of lightweight, non-absorbent, abrasion resistance, ease of scrubbing disinfection, easy drying, storage convenience, corrosion resistance, durability, and less damage, aging beyond recovery, the labour intensity of light. Guange structure of the shape and size are in accordance with the mouse cans上口edge shape with the size compiled from wire. - Save for filling water bottles and feed the same bucket, hole size and Taobuchu offspring principle.
3. Rat boxes
Small boxes of 37 cm long, 26 cm wide and 17 cm high. Rat boxes can be used for a public use more home breeding production, but also can be used as Travel feeding trial using mice or rats. Keeping mice using rat box, a large area of its activities, but tin production at the end of the box, easy to control corrosion of the waste. Mouse lid of the same system of law and the requirements of rats cans.
4. Rat -
Rat-a wooden and iron two. Now mostly iron, multi-use materials and thin Sangutie officinale (or plastic sheeting) welded together. According to the size of mouse-conditions, raising the number of circumstances. The general size of 171 cm high, 160 cm long, 50 cm width, together with the cover-is divided into five. In addition to the roof, every mouse-rat can accommodate 12 cans each of the four-rat, mouse can accommodate a total of 48. Currently abroad has been promoting the use of open to the activities of rats planes, made of stainless steel, have a good anti-corrosion properties.
5. Drinking
Drinking is essential appliances, keeping mice. A commonly used glass bottles, plastic bottles and nipples automatic three types of drinking water. Among the most widely used glass bottles, the general capacity of 250 ml and 5 ml? Two models of the glass bottles, the mouth of the bottle on the use of saline bottle stopper from the middle perforated insert tubes or glass tube, the diameter 0.5 cm, 0.7 cm diameter.
6. Foreshadowing of
Bedding can adsorbed moisture, animal waste and animal cage of their own cleaning, packing should be non-volatile, irritating substances, non-toxic and will not interfere with animal experiments. Bedding material commonly used sawdust, wood wood shavings, sawdust, and broken, such as corn-cob. Bedding materials often carry a variety of microbes and parasites, to the use of the processing, sterilization, such as debugging. European countries do more poplar wood packing, and the United States the use of corn-cob broken, taking into account the toxicity of the material factors and the difficulty based. At present, China"s Bedding experimental animals have not yet standardized, and use of mixed sawdust, and toxic constituents are not identify what is gratifying is that has been carried out related research, Lufthansa conditions for the standardization of dunnage, just around the corner.
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猪:
英文名称：pig, swine, hog
The pig is a miscellaneous food animal, pointing one more pig generally.The pig is the end of 12 Chinese Zodiac Signs, also calling it is a hai .The our country raises pigs to also have for 5600-6080 years at least.
Pig body the fatty limb is short, sex is docile, adapting dint strong, easy feeding, breed quickly, is black, white, the sauce is red or the black and white spend etc. color.The pig can go together with a kind after ising born for 5-12 months, gestation period for invite for 4 months.The life expectancy of pig is 20 years.The obese that a kind of house keeps of in order to edible of animal, lovely grew up in childhood very terrible, big-nosed, big ear, eat of many, increase of quick.The pig seems to be always thought by the person very stupid, this but misunderstand, pig in fact is grow wise animal, see simple and honest, have a little a small temper in fact and very.Have already appeared now full-time do the piggy pig of pet, really lovely.
鼠:mouse
A section of the mammal, the front teeth grows the whole life and continuously, often lending a 啮 thing to whet short, breed quickly, the category has too much of can spread plague etc. cause, and do ill agriculture and forestry steppe, the thief"s foodstuffs eats, breaking hoarding thing, building...etc.(be so called "mouse")