whole number和integers到底有啥区别???急!!!

nature number(自然数):是指人类刚开始认识数字时，为了方便统计猎物和果实数目而发明的数字。是自然存在的概念，取值范围是从1到无穷大的整数。whole number:在nature number基础上，引入了0的概念，即取值范围从0到无穷大的整数。integer(整数):在whole number基础上引入了负数的概念，取值范围为负无穷到正无穷。他们的关系是integer 包含wholenumber包含nature number，即nature number是whole number的子集，whole number是integer的子集。

integer是整数，是1，2，3这样的数而whole number是说所有的数，比方说一个人的身份证号码你就可以说the whole numbers of one"s id

wholenumber是指完整数，而integers是指整数，比如说1、2、3是整数。像圆周率的值就是完整数，这里的完整数就要把具体的圆周率等于多少，不能约分，而写到最后，写到最后很长，也写不下来，所以我们就用圆周率来代替那个完整数，这就是整数和完整数的区别。

整数包括负整数、0、正整数现在的中国数学教学中把0看作自然数，即自然数包括0和正整数自然数是整数的一部分，即整数包括自然数

这个是哪个里面的？

同意一楼的。整数：whole number，(被)整除：divisible without a remainder (by)，另一整数：another whole nuber,质数：prime number，合数：composite number，倍数：multiple,正整数：positive whole number

学习

第一个后面跟可数名词，第二个后面跟不可数名词

四舍五入 下列哪两个数可以四舍五入到同一个整数? D.4.8 and 5.1

whole 英 [hu0259u028al] 美 [hol] adj. 完整的；纯粹的n. 整体；全部

一、详细释义： , adj. , 全部的，全体的，所有的 , 例句： ,They have been directing their whole attention to this international conflict.,他们把全部的注意力都集中在这次国际纠纷上。, 例句： ,One rotten apple spoils the whole barrel.,一只烂苹果烂一筐苹果。, 整个的；完整的；整整的；无缺的，无损的，健全的 , 例句： ,An indefinite alteration had e over his whole person and manner.,他整个的人和态度已经有了一种说不出的变化。, 例句： ,The boy claims that he can eat a whole jar of jam at breakfast.,这男孩声称他一顿早饭能吃掉整整一罐果酱。, 【数】整（数）的 , （自我）完全的 , n. , 全部，全体 (+of) , 例句： ,There is not a dull line in the whole of the article.,整篇文章中没有一行是乏味的。, 例句： ,He reviewed the whole of his past life.,他回顾了自己过去的整个一生。, 整体，统一体 , 例句： ,Whoever ran it was supposed to view the airport as a whole.,不管谁来坐镇，都理应把该机场作为一个整体来看待。, 例句： ,We should *** yse the problem as a whole.,我们应该把这个问题作为一个整体来分析。, 完全的自我 , 二、词义辨析： , entire,whole,plete,full,total,gross,all ,这些形容词都表示“完整的，全部的，整个的”之意。entire除了有whole的意思外，还强调既不能加一个也不减少一个的含义。whole比entire更普通，强调每个组成部分都包括在内，无一漏掉或舍去。plete强调事物在内容、程度、或数量方面已完整，已达标准。full侧重指内容，含有能包括所有的充足内容的意味。total与plete用法相近，但强调总量。gross侧重指未打折扣，未除去成本或皮重等与净重、净数相对。all有时可与whole,entire和total换用。, 三、相关短语： ,on the whole,总而言之,总的说来,大体上,whole blood,全血(没有提取过任何成分的人体血液,用于输血),whole milk,n.全脂奶,whole number,n.[数]整数,whole step,n.全音程,whole tone,全音,whole gale,狂风,whole life insurance,n. 终身人寿保险,whole note,全音符,whole wheat flour,全麦(面)粉,the whole way,从远道, 从头至尾, 自始至终, 一路上, 四、参考例句： ,The whole building collapsed.,整个建筑倒塌了。,Take the whole lot.,把这些全都拿去吧。,He spent a whole afternoon cleaning the whole house down.,他花了整个下午把屋子彻底打扫了一遍。,The whole thing sputtered out.,整个事态渐渐平息了下来。,The whole idea was preposterous.,整个想法都荒唐透顶。,The whole issue needs clarification.,整个问题都需要澄清。,The whole story is fabulous.,整个故事都是非常精彩的。,It overran a whole continent.,整个澳洲兔子成灾。,Typhoon strained the whole vil-lage.,台风损坏了整座村庄。,He ate an apple whole.,他把整个苹果一口吃下。

We don"t round it to a whole number because we want the number of the relative atomic mass of cholorine to be as precise as possible. We really care about the significant figures, so it"s better if we get more digits.

是化学计量数。small-whole-number ratio===〉简单正整数比。

定义一个有理数类，利用该类中的数据成员nume来代表分子，数据成员denom来#include

在ACCA考试中，F2阶段时间序列知识点一直都是比较重要且每年都会出现在试卷里，今天深空网就跟大家详解这个知识点内容。01、时间序列的组成部分，及局限性1.1)Time series can be broken down into 4 categories:a) Trend.(趋势)Key words: underlying long-term movement√ 根据当下actual sales，通过数学计算得出大致销售趋势。即：默认现行趋势在未来也适用。b) Seasonal variation.(季节性变动)Key words: short-term fluctuationsaffect results at different times of the year√ 在时间上不一定是按“季节”发生的偏差，可以是每天的或每周的有规律的偏差。即：短期内有规律的偏差都可归为季节性变动。c) Cyclical variation.(周期性变动)Key words: longer time period√ 相对于季节性变动，它是长期的有规律的变动，比如：经济周期。d) Random variation. (随机性变动)Key words: unforeseen circumstances√ 通常不可预见，比如：政变、战争。由于是突发事件，所以在做预测时(forecasting)不考虑该元素。Ps：在F2中做Time series计算题时，不考虑Cyclical variation，到了P level才会涉及。1.2)时间序列计算的局限性源于3个前提假设a. a straight-line trend exists.b. seasonal variations are constant.c. what has happened in the past is a reliable guide to the future因此，如果事件的发生带有不可预见性，则不适用这种方法。02、时间序列的组成部分——Trend计算第1步：用moving average方法平滑actual sales units注意：偶数的时间跨度比奇数的时间跨度多一步计算!a) 当时间跨度是奇数时(以3年时间跨度为例)b) 当时间跨度是偶数时(以4年时间跨度为例)第2步：actual sales units被平滑后，根据high-low method 求出Trend表达式，即：Y=a + b XY(因变量)=Trend，X(自变量)=时间，一个X代表一个时间跨度注意：时间是自变量，trend是因变量!所以根据high-low method的计算原则，先选出时间(X)最大值和最小值，再找到对应trend(Y)的值，求出表达值即可以第1步中3年时间跨度为例：假设20X1在X轴上代表1，往后每一年都依次共一个数字代表，则20X5 在X轴上代表5通过X找到对应Y的值，则得到两个点(1，410);(5，470)求的Y=395+15X辨析：图中倾斜向上的直线就是trend表达式在坐标轴上的体现。这条直线没有具体的X范围规定(即：时间序列计算的前提假设，暗含现在的趋势以后仍将继续)为了便于理解可以将时间序列分解成两部分来看 1)当下状况(actual) 图中蓝色曲线是actual units，根据前面两个步骤的计算得到蓝色倾斜直线。即：现有状况下的趋势 2)预测未来(forecasting) 图中黑色倾斜直线，是蓝色倾斜直线的延长线，延续现有趋势，代表未来趋势再根据给出的蓝色粗实线调节对应季节性波动，得到黑色曲线 Forecasting figure03、时间序列的组成部分——Trend + Seasonal variation计算涉及2元素：Y= Forecasting figure T= TrendS= Seasonal variation上图中蓝色实线，是在求出的trend上调整季节性波动，最终得到Forecasting figure(Y)a) 加法模型的计算公式Y = T + S例子1: Based on the last 15 periods the underlying trend of sales is y = 345.12 _ 1.35x. If the 16th period has a seasonal factor of _23.62, assuming an additive forecasting model, what is the forecast for that period, in whole units?解：将x=16代入y = 345.12 _ 1.35x,得到y=323.52.这里的y，就是trend。所以在加法模型中对应T=323.52又已知S=_23.62代入公式得到Y=323.52+(_23.62)=299.9b) 乘法模型的计算公式Y = T * S例子2: The trend for monthly sales ($Y) is related to the month (t) by the equation Y = 1,500 _ 3t where t = 0 in the first month of 20X8. What are the forecast sales (to the nearest dollar) for the first month of 20X9 if the seasonal component for that month is 0.92 using a multiplicative model?解：这里t=0对应 20X8 month1，一年有12个月则20X9 month1，对应t=12 (12+0=12) 代入 Y = 1,500 _ 3t，求的Y=1464，这里的Y，就是trend。所以在乘法模型中对应T=1464又已知S=0.92代入公式得到Y=1464*0.92=1346.88c) 两种模型下季节性变动求和以一年为一个周期，中间有n个季节性波动时间点1) 加法模型∑ Δ S=0即：一年内，n个季节性波动相加=0例子3：The multiplicative quarterly seasonal variations for the time series were as follows:以一年为一个周期，中间有4个季节性波动时间点，相加=00.82+1.41+?+(-1.09)=0求得?=-1.14 2) 乘法模型∑ Δ S=n即：一年内，n个季节性波动相加=n例子4：The multiplicative quarterly seasonal variations for the time series were as follows:以一年为一个周期，中间有4个季节性波动时间点，相加=40.82+1.41+?+1.09=4求得?=0.68Ps :在乘法模型中不可能出现某个季节性波动系数是负的的情况04、Deseasonalization(去季节化因素)计算“seasonally adjusted”是”Deseasonalization”的同义词辨析：该知识点可以理解为是以上知识点的逆向思维，不涉及forecasting即：已知actual units，和去季节化因素后，得到当下trend结合图形理解：给出蓝色曲线(actual units)，和季节性波动系数(蓝色粗实线)，求蓝色倾斜直线上的点加法模型：T=Y-S乘法模型：T=Y/SY =the actual sales units S =Seasonal variationT =seasonally adjusted trend = current trend例子5：In January, the unemployment in Ruritania is 567,800. If the seasonal factor using an additive time series model is +90,100, what is the seasonally-adjusted level of unemployment (to the nearest whole number)?加法模型：T=Y-S =567,800-90,100=477,700

奇数的英语单词：odd number偶数的英语单词：even number整数的英语单词：whole number

英语：I had this whole other life.这个句子是一般过去时。翻译：我过了一种完全不同的生活。

首先每个员工都是有工号的，而且会有每个人对应经理的工号，只要判断那些员工的工号，不在这些经理工号的范围内就可以了，具体的逻辑要看你下你这边的表结构和业务逻辑，

【prime number】In mathematics, a prime number is a whole number greater than 1 that cannot be divided exactly by any whole number except itself and the number 1, for example 17.质数（prime number）又称素数，有无限个。除了1和它本身以外不再有其他的除数整除。根据算术基本定理，每一个比1大的整数，要么本身是一个质数，要么可以写成一系列质数的乘积，最小的质数是2。【Composite number】an integer exactly divisible by at least one number other than itself or 1.合数，数学用语，英文名为Composite number，指自然数中除了能被1和本身整除外，还能被其他的数整除（不包括0)的数。与之相对的是质数（因数只有1和它本身，如2,3,5,7,11,13等等，也称素数）,而1既不属于质数也不属于合数。最小的合数是4。其中，完全数与相亲数是在它的基础上的。

windows的log文件一般存放在C:WINDOWSSystem32Config下,后缀为.evt,记事本打开会乱码,直接读写应该没有问题,但是乱码的问题怎么解决我不太清楚.下面是在网上找到的, 大概意思是调用windows api, 我没试过,所以发原文你自己理解吧.在注册表中的位置，在HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesEventlog<Category>::File中记录。Category为Application，Security和System。如果计算机是域控制器，事件日志还包括目录服务和DNS服务的相关部分。在程序中读取Event Log，可以使用标准Windows API函数实现。在MSDN Library/Platform SDK/Base Services/Denugging and Error Handlings/Event Logging中可以查到详尽的信息。使用API函数ReadEventLog()Platform SDK: Debugging and Error Handling ReadEventLogThe ReadEventLog function reads a whole number of entries from the specified event log. The function can be used to read log entries in chronological or reverse chronological order. BOOL ReadEventLog( HANDLE hEventLog, // handle to event log DWORD dwReadFlags, // how to read log DWORD dwRecordOffset, // offset of first record LPVOID lpBuffer, // buffer for read data DWORD nNumberOfBytesToRead, // bytes to read DWORD *pnBytesRead, // number of bytes read DWORD *pnMinNumberOfBytesNeeded // bytes required);ParametershEventLog [in] Handle to the event log to read. This handle is returned by the OpenEventLog function. dwReadFlags [in] Specifies how the read operation is to proceed. This parameter must include one of the following values. Value Meaning EVENTLOG_SEEK_READ The read operation proceeds from the record specified by the dwRecordOffset parameter. This flag cannot be used with EVENTLOG_SEQUENTIAL_READ.EVENTLOG_SEQUENTIAL_READ The read operation proceeds sequentially from the last call to the ReadEventLog function using this handle. This flag cannot be used with EVENTLOG_SEEK_READ.If the buffer is large enough, more than one record can be read at the specified seek position; you must specify one of the following flags to indicate the direction for successive read operations. Value Meaning EVENTLOG_FORWARDS_READ The log is read in chronological order. This flag cannot be used with EVENTLOG_BACKWARDS_READ.EVENTLOG_BACKWARDS_READ The log is read in reverse chronological order. This flag cannot be used with EVENTLOG_FORWARDS_READ.dwRecordOffset [in] Specifies the log-entry record number at which the read operation should start. This parameter is ignored unless dwReadFlags includes the EVENTLOG_SEEK_READ flag. lpBuffer [out] Pointer to a buffer for the data read from the event log. This parameter cannot be NULL, even if the nNumberOfBytesToRead parameter is zero. The buffer will be filled with an EVENTLOGRECORD structure. nNumberOfBytesToRead [in] Specifies the size, in bytes, of the buffer. This function will read as many whole log entries as will fit in the buffer; the function will not return partial entries, even if there is room in the buffer. pnBytesRead [out] Pointer to a variable that receives the number of bytes read by the function. pnMinNumberOfBytesNeeded [out] Pointer to a variable that receives the number of bytes required for the next log entry. This count is valid only if ReadEventLog returns zero and GetLastError returns ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER. Return ValuesIf the function succeeds, the return value is nonzero.If the function fails, the return value is zero. To get extended error information, call GetLastError. RemarksWhen this function returns successfully, the read position in the error log is adjusted by the number of records read. Only a whole number of event log records will be returned. Note The configured filename for this source may also be the configured filename for other sources (several sources can exist as subkeys under a single logfile). Therefore, this function may return events that were logged by more than one source. For example, see Reading the Event Log. Requirements Windows NT/2000 or later: Requires Windows NT 3.1 or later. Windows 95/98/Me: Unsupported. Header: Declared in Winbase.h; include Windows.h. Library: Use Advapi32.lib. Unicode: Implemented as Unicode and ANSI versions on Windows NT/2000.See AlsoEvent Logging Overview, Event Logging Functions, ClearEventLog, CloseEventLog, EVENTLOGRECORD, OpenEventLog, ReportEvent Platform SDK Release: February 2001 Contact Platform SDK Order a Platform SDK CD Online Requirements Windows NT/2000 or later: Requires Windows NT 3.1 or later. Windows 95/98/Me: Unsupported. Header: Declared in Winbase.h; include Windows.h. Library: Use Advapi32.lib. Unicode: Implemented as Unicode and ANSI versions on Windows NT/2000.See AlsoEvent Logging Overview, Event Logging Functions, ClearEventLog, CloseEventLog, EVENTLOGRECORD, OpenEventLog, ReportEvent

printf("hello %d ",a);

扫 sǎo部首笔画部首:扌 部外笔画:3 总笔画:6五笔86:RVG 五笔98:RVG 仓颉:QSM笔顺编号:121511 四角号码:57070 Unicode:CJK 统一汉字 U+626B基本字义1. 拿笤帚等除去尘土或垃圾：～地。 2. 清除，消灭：～雷。～盲。～荡。一～而空。 3. 全，尽，尽其所有：～数（shù）。 4. 低落，丧失：～兴（xìng ）。 5. 描画：～描。～眉。 6. 迅速横掠而过：～射。～视。 7. 结束，了结：～尾。 8. 祭奠：～墓。祭～。详细字义〈动〉1. (会意。从手,从帚。手拿扫帚表示打扫。本义:打扫) 2. 同本义 [clean up;sweep]埽,弃也。——《说文》。字亦作扫。埽,除也。——《广雅》掌五寝之埽除粪洒之事。——《周礼·隶仆》子有廷内,弗洒弗扫。——《诗·唐风·山有枢》花径不曾缘客扫,蓬门今始为君开。——唐· 杜甫《客至》 3. 又如:扫径(清洁路径);扫尘(扫去尘垢;比喻扫荡残敌,平定乱事);扫脑儿(秃子);扫道(踩出来的路);扫桃(扫面子);扫花以待(表示主人待客的诚意);扫眉才子(指有文才的女子) 4. 掠过[sweep away]千骑飚扫,万乘雷奔。——李白《大猎赋》 5. 又如:扫望(扫视);扫射 6. 清除,消灭 [eliminate]扫项军于 垓下。—— 张衡《东京赋》 7. 又如:扫白(除去白发);扫穴(清除巢穴);扫穴擒渠(扫荡巢穴,擒拿贼首);扫殄(消灭);扫清(平定廓清);扫定(平定):扫难(平定患难) 8. 画,染 [paint]淡扫蛾眉朝至尊。——张祜《集灵台》 9. 又如:扫黛(画眉;用黛描画);扫眼(描眼) 10. 祭扫 [sacrifice and renovate]故请母命而宁汝于斯,便祭扫也。——清· 袁枚《祭妹文》 11. 又如:扫墓 12. 飞快地书写 [write]吾师醉后倚绳床,须臾扫尽数千张。——李白《草书歌行》〈形〉1. 尽,全部 [total]。如:扫土(举境,全境);扫数(扫除。全部);扫境(倾其境内全力) 2. 另见 sào常用词组1. 扫除 sǎochú(1) [sweep]∶用扫帚、刷子等清除脏东西大扫除 (2) [clear]∶清除;消除扫除文盲 (3) [completely]∶全部都来投降;若不从者,便行扫除处死。——《水浒传》 2. 扫除机 sǎochújī[sweeper] 一种打扫清洁的设备草坪扫除机 3. 扫除天下 sǎochú-tiānxià[sweep away evil] 肃清邪恶,以平治天下 4. 扫荡 sǎodàng[mop up;annihilate;exterminate;liquidate wipe out] 扫除涤荡;泛指彻底清除扫荡叛匪假如提起一支屠城的笔,扫荡了文坛上一切野草,那自然是快意的。——鲁迅《“说不出”》 5. 扫地 sǎodì(1) [sweep the floor]∶用扫帚等清扫地面 (2) [be shorn of…;be dragged in the dust]∶比喻名誉、威信等全部丧失威信扫地 6. 扫地出门 sǎodì-chūmén[sweep away] 比喻把坏东西彻底清除,也指剥夺全部财产,把人空手赶出门 7. 扫地俱尽 sǎodì-jùjìn[completely sweep away] 像扫地一样都没有了,形容破坏净尽秦灭六国,而上古遗烈扫地俱尽矣。——《汉书·魏豹田儋等传赞》惟怀逮愍,丧乱弘多,衣冠礼乐,扫地俱尽。——《晋书·儒林传序》圣人遗训,扫地俱尽,制礼作乐,今也其时。——《隋书·高祖纪下》 8. 扫地无余 sǎodì-wúyú[sweep the floor;nothing left] 像扫地一样,毫无存留 9. 扫地以尽 sǎodìyǐjìn[be completely discredited] 比喻破坏无遗,也指威风、名誉等完全丧失 10. 扫房 sǎofáng[sweep room;make general house-keeping] 清扫房屋内的墙壁和屋顶 11. 扫坟 sǎofén[sweep a grave] 祭扫坟墓 12. 扫轨器 sǎoguǐqì[rail sweep] 有轨车辆前方的装置,用于扫除路轨端面那些容易除去的障碍 13. 扫黄 sǎohuáng[anti-pornography] 清理和消除黄色书刊及淫秽录像带等 14. 扫祭 sǎojì[obit] 扫墓祭奠 15. 扫雷 sǎoléi[sweep;mine clearance;removal of mines] 搜寻并排除敷设的地雷或水雷在航道上扫雷 16. 扫雷舰 sǎoléijiàn[mine sweeper] 用于搜索和排除水雷的军舰 17. 扫脸 sǎoliǎn[lose face] 〈方〉∶丢面子 18. 扫盲 sǎománg[eliminate illiteracy;sweep out illiteracy] 指进行识字教育,清除文盲扫盲运动 19. 扫眉 sǎoméi[draw eyebrows] 描画眉毛明朝斗草多应喜,剪得灯花自扫眉。——唐· 司空图《灯花》 20. 扫眉才子 sǎoméi-cáizǐ[a girl poet or author (scholar with picked eyebrow)] 指有文学才能的女子扫眉才子知多少,管领春风总不如。——唐· 王建《寄蜀中薛涛校书》 21. 扫描 sǎomiáo[scanning]通过电子束、无线电波等的左右移动在屏幕上显示出画面或图形 22. 扫灭 sǎomiè[mop up]扫荡消灭扫灭敌寇 23. 扫墓 sǎomù[sweep a grave—pay respects to a dead person at his tomb]∶祭扫坟墓,对死者表示悼念 24. 扫平 sǎopíng[put down] 扫荡平定扫平叛乱 25. 扫清 sǎoqīng[clear] 用扫帚、铲子等清除掉扫清人行道上的积雪 26. 扫射 sǎoshè[strafe]用自动武器左右移动,连续射击用机枪火力扫射 27. 扫视 sǎoshì[flicker] 目光迅速向四周移动掠过迅速地扫视晨报的大字标题 28. 扫数 sǎoshù[total number;whole amount] 全部;尽数扫数归还欠款 29. 扫榻 sǎotà[clear away bed"s dust;sweep the mat] 打扫床榻,表示欢迎客人南台中丞扫榻见,北门学士倒屐迎。——陆游《案题徐载叔东庄》扫榻以待 30. 扫榻以待 sǎotàyǐdài[clear away dust and wait guests] 扫除榻上的灰尘,等待客人到来。喻指热忱迎客 31. 扫听 sǎotīng[inquire about] 〈方〉∶探询;打听扫听一点消息 32. 扫网 sǎowǎng[beat] 挥动捕虫网驱逐和捕捉昆虫 33. 扫尾 sǎowěi[round off;wind up] 做最后剩下的工作,使结束扫尾工程 34. 扫兴 sǎoxìng[feel disappointed;have one"s spirit dampened] 遇到不愉快的事情而兴致低落真叫人扫兴扫 sào基本字义1. 〔～帚〕以竹枝等扎成的扫地用具。 2. （扫）详细字义1. 扫 sào 2. 另见 sǎo常用词组1. 扫把 sàoba[broom] 扫地的工具,扫帚 2. 扫帚 sàozhou[broom] 扫地的工具,多用竹枝扎成。也叫“扫把” 3. 扫帚星 sàozhouxīng(1) [comet]∶指彗星 (2) 迷信的人认为出现扫帚星就会发生灾祸。所以也用扫帚星来骂被认

A 　　动词：accept 接受 achieve 实现 advise 建议 afford 支付得起 answer 回答 appear 出现 add 添加 act 行动 allow 允许 agree 同意 arrive到达 ask 问 appreciate 欣赏 argue争论 　　名词：advice建议 activity 活动 address 地址 age 年龄 air空气 attention注意 accident事故 　　形容词：able能够的 awful可怕的 active活跃度 afraid恐惧的 alive活着的 amazing 令人惊异的 angry 生气的 asleep睡着的 anxious 焦虑的 actually实际的 alike 相同的 alone 孤独的 　　代词：any 任何的 anybody 任何人 anymore 不再 anyone 任何人 anything任何事 anytime 任何时间 anywhere任何地方 　　B 　　动词：beat打败 begin开始 believe相信 borrow 借来 bring 带来 break 打破 build 建筑burn 燃烧 buy 买 bother 打扰 　　名词: bank 银行 breakfast早餐 bread 面包 business 商业 　　形容词：beautiful美丽的 blind 盲的 boring无聊的 born 天生的 bright 明亮的 brave勇敢的 busy 忙的 　　C 　　动词：care 关心，在乎 call打电话 carry扛 catch 抓住 cause 导致 celebrate庆祝 change改变 chat 聊天 check 检查 choose 选择 clean 打扫 clear清除 climb攀爬 close 关 come 来collect收集 communicate 交流 compare比较 consider考虑 continue 继续control 控制connect 连接 cook煮 copy 复制 cost 花费 count 有价值，数 cover覆盖 cry 哭 create 创造 cross 横过 cut切 　　名词: capital首都 cancer癌症 care小心 century世纪 chance机会 child 小孩 children小孩(复) choice选择 city 城市 clothes 衣服 cloud云朵 collection收集 college大学 communication 交流 competition 比赛 contest比赛 conversation对白 corner 拐角 country国家 countryside乡村 courage勇气 culture文化 course 课程 custom风俗 　　形容词：careful小心点 careless 粗心的 certain确定的 cheap 便宜的 clean干净的 clear 干净的 clever聪明的 close 关着的 cloudy 多运动 colorful 多彩的 comfortable舒服的 common 共同的 confident 自信的 confusing令人困惑的 convenient 方便的 correct 正确的 crazy懒惰的 creative 有创造性的 crowded 拥挤的 cruel 残酷的 cute 可爱的 　　D 　　动词：dare敢于 deal处理 decide 决定 depend 依靠 describe描述 design设计 destroy 毁坏 develop发展 die死亡 discover 发现 discuss 讨论 disturb打搅 divide分开 donate风险 draw画 dream梦想 drink喝 drop掉落 　　名词: danger危险 date 日期 daughter 女儿 death死亡 decision决定 development发展 dictionary 字典 difference差异 discussion 讨论 disease疾病 　　形容词：dangerous危险的 dark 黑的，暗的 dead 死亡的 deaf 聋的 deep 深的 delicious美味的 different不同的 difficult 困难的 disappointing 令人失望的 dry干的 　　E 　　动词：eat 吃 encourage鼓励 end结束 enjoy 喜欢 enter 进入 examine检查 exchange改变 expect盼望 express 表现 explain 解释 escape逃离 　　名词: east东放 energy 能量 example例子 exercise 练习 experience 经历，经验 excuse借口 　　形容词：easy 容易的 embarrassed尬尴的 embarrassing令人尬尴的 empty空的 expensive 贵的 excited 兴奋的 exciting令人兴奋的 extra额外的 　　F 　　动词：fail 失败，不及格 fall落下 fear恐惧 feed 喂养 feel 感觉 fetch去拿来 fill 填满 finish 完成 fix 修理 fly飞行 follow跟随 force强迫 forget 忘记 fight 打架 fool 愚弄 fit适合 　　名词: factory 工厂 feeling感觉 fire火 flight 航班 floor 地板 foreigner外国人 future 未来friendship友谊 fun玩笑，乐趣 　　形容词：fat肥胖的 fast快速的 far 远的 famous 的 fair公平的 favorite 最喜欢的 foreign 外国的 free空闲的，免费的 friendly有好多 full 满的，饱的 funny 有趣的，滑稽的 fit适合的 　　G 　　动词：get得到 give 给 go 去 grow生长 guess猜测 greet 打招呼 guide指导 　　名词:gift 礼物 gold金色 guest客人 grade年级 　　形容词：good 好的 glad 高兴的 gentle温柔的 　　H 　　动词：happen发生 hate讨厌 have 有 hang悬挂 help帮助 hide隐藏 hear听到 hit撞击 hold 容纳，握 hope 希望 hurry 赶快，匆忙 hurt受伤 　　名词: habit 习惯 half一半 hat帽子 head 头 health 健康 help帮助 history 历史 hundred 百 human 人类 housework家务劳动 hotel 宾馆 hometown 家乡 holiday假日 hunger 饥饿 hurry 匆忙 husband丈夫 　　形容词：happy高兴的 hard 困难的，硬的 hard-working努力工作的 helpful 有帮助的 healthy健康的 huge巨大的 honest诚实的 homeless 无家可归的 hungry饥饿的 　　I 　　动词：improve提高 include 包括 increase 增加 imagine 想象impress 印象 interview采访 introduce介绍 invite 邀请 invent发明 　　名词:illness 疾病 importance 重要information信息 instruction 命令interest 兴趣invitation 邀请island岛屿 　　形容词：ill生病的 important重要的 impossible 不可能的 injured 受伤的 interesting 有趣的 　　J 　　动词：join参加 jump 跳跃 　　名词:joy开心 jacket夹克 job工作 joke玩笑 　　形容词：just公正的 　　K 　　动词：keep保持 kick 踢 kill杀 kiss 亲吻 know知道 knock敲门 　　名词: king 国王 kitchen 厨房 kite风筝 key钥匙 kid小孩 knife小刀 knowledge知识 　　形容词: kind和蔼的 knowledgeable知识渊博的 　　L 　　动词: last 最后 laugh笑 lay躺 learn学习 leave 离开 let让 lie位于 lift 举起like喜欢 list 列举listen听 litter乱丢 live生活 lock锁 light照亮 　　名词：lab实验室 lady女士 land土地 language 语言 left 离开 leaf 叶子 leader 领导 law 法律lesson 教训 level 水平 letter 信 lift 电梯 light 灯 lock 锁 library图书馆 lunch 午餐luck运气 love爱 　　形容词：large大的 late 玩的 latest 最新的 lazy懒惰的 lively 活泼的 lonely孤独的 long长的 　　M 　　动词：major主修manage管理 mark标志 marry嫁娶 , match比赛, matter要紧, make制作, mean用意 meet遇见 mend修理 mention提到 mind 介意 mistake犯错 move移动 　　名词：magazine杂志 map地图 mark标志 match,比赛 matter,事件 meal,膳食 material材料, market 市场 mind思想 milk 牛奶 million百万 method 方法 message 信息 memory记忆 member成员 meeting会议 medicine 药 means方法 meaning意义 menu 菜单 mountain 山mother妈妈 morning早上 money钱 monitor 班长Monday 星期一moment 重要 model模特 minute分钟 month月份 moon 月亮 mouse 老鼠 mouth 嘴巴movie电影 music 音乐museum博物馆 　　形容词：magic , main most modern much 　　N 　　动词：need 需要 nod 断头 note 注意 notice通知 　　名词：nature 自然 neighborhood 附近 news 新闻newspaper 报纸night晚上 note笔记 notebook 笔记本nose 鼻子 noise 噪音 noon 正午 north 北方 notice注意 nurse 护士 number数量 　　形容词：national 国家的 natural自然的 nearby 附近的necessary 必要的 nervous 紧张的normal 平常的nice 好看的northern 北方的 new 新的 next 下一个的 　　O 　　动词：obey 服从 offer 提供 open 打开 operate 运转 own 拥有 order，命令 organize 组织 　　名词：object 物体 office办公室 oil 油 ocean海洋 opportunity机会 operation手术 owner拥有者 offer提议 　　形容词：old老的 own自己的outstanding 出色的 outgoing 开朗的 orange橙色的 opposite 相反的open开放的 　　P 　　动词: pack 包装 park停放 paint 油漆 pass 通过 pay 付款 perform 执行 please 讨人喜欢pick 选择play 玩 phone打电话 place 放置 practice练习 point 指出 praise 赞扬prepare准备 prove证明 provide提供 pull 拉 promise protect保护 produce 生产 prevent预防 　　名词: part 部分 park 公园 pardon 原谅 paper 论文 pair 一对 page 记录package 包裹parent 父(母) person任务 patient 耐心 peace和平 period 时代 people 人民pity遗憾 picture图片 pleasure高兴 pocket 口袋 police 警察 plenty 丰富 public公众 pronunciation 发音 progress进步 problem问题 prize 奖品 pride 自豪 price 价格 　　形容词：particular 特别的 personal 个人的 patient 有耐心的 perfect完美的 popular 受欢迎的possible可能的 poor 贫穷的polite 有礼貌的proud 自豪的proper 适当的 pretty 漂亮的 pleasant 令人愉快的 pleased高兴的 　　Q 　　Quarter四分之一 quality质量 question 问题 quick 快的 quickly 快速地 quiet 安静的 quietly安静地 quite相当的 　　R 　　动词: rain 下雨 raise提高 reach达到 read阅读 realize 意识到 recite 背诵 record 记录 refuse拒绝 regard 看待 regret 后悔 relax 放松 remain保持 receive 接收remember记得 rent出租 repair 修理 repeat 重复 reply回复 report 报导 require 需要 rest 休息 retell 复述 ride骑 ring按铃 rise 上升 return返回 review 回顾 run 跑步 rush 冲 remind 介意 　　名词: rain 雨 radio 收音机 reason 原因 relation关系 rest 休息 report 报道research研究 review回顾 risk 风险 rule规则 　　形容词: rainy 下雨的 rapid迅速的 relaxing令人轻松的 relaxed松懈的 regular规律的 right 正确的 rude粗鲁的 　　S 　　动词: say说话 satisfy令人满意 sail航行 search 研究 set 树立 shake 动摇 save节省 sell销售 seem 似乎 serve 招待 send发送 see看见 shut 关闭 show显示 shout呼喊 shoot 射击 share分享 shine 照耀 sort 分类 speak 说话 spell 拼写 spend 花钱 stand 站立 start 开始steal偷窃 stick 坚持 stop 停止 store 储藏 suit 合适 suggest 建议 succeed 成功 study 研究suppose猜想 supply 供给 surprise使惊奇 sweep 打扫 swim游泳 solve解决 　　名词: sale 销售 same 相同 sand 沙地 science 科学 scientist 科学家 sea海洋 screen 屏风 season时期 secret 秘密 seat 座位 service 服务 shame 羞耻 shoulder肩膀 sight 视力 side 方面 sing 唱歌 sleep睡眠 silence 沉默 skill 技能 sky填空 snow 积雪 soldier 士兵 spirit 精神 speech 演讲 speed 速度 story故事 store 商店 stranger 陌生人 student 学生style风格 success成功 subject主题 sweater毛衣 　　形容词: sick厌恶的 shy 害羞的 small 小的 slow 慢的 sleepy 困乏的 similar 相似的simple简单的 silly愚蠢的 silent 沉默的 smart 聪明的 smooth 顺利的 snowy 下雪的 social 社会的 soft 柔软的 smart 聪明的 stupid 愚蠢的 strict 严格的 strange 陌生的 super 特级的 sunny 阳光充足的 successful 成功的 sudden 突然的 strong强大的 sweet甜的 surprising令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊奇的 sure 肯定的 　　T 　　动词: take 拿 talk谈话 taste 尝起来 teach 教 tell 告诉 thank 谢谢 think 思考 throw扔 trust 相信 try 尝试 translate 翻译 travel 旅行turn 转变 　　名词: teacher老师 telephone 电话 taste 味道 talk 谈话 text 文章 theater 戏院thief 贼 thing东西 ticket 票 traffic 交通 train 火车 tourist 旅行者 tour 旅游 truth 真相 trip旅行 trouble 麻烦 turn 变化 type类型 　　形容词：tall高的 terrible 可怕的 thick 厚的 thin 薄的 tired累的 tiring 累人的tidy整齐的 true真实的 　　U 　　ugly 丑陋的 unable 不能的 uncle 叔叔 understand理解 university 大学 upset心烦的 upstairs楼上的 use 使用 used 习惯的 useful 有用的 useless 无用的 usual 通常的 usually通常 　　V 　　Vacation 假期 vegetables 蔬菜 view 观察 visit 参观 visitor 参观者 voice 声音 　　W 　　动词: wait 等待 wake 叫醒 walk 走路 want 想要 warn 警告 wash 洗 waste浪费 watch 看 wave 挥手 wear 穿着 weigh 称重量 welcome欢迎 win 赢得 wipe 擦拭wonder想知道 worry 担忧的 write写 　　名词: wall 墙 weight 重量 weekend 周末 weekday 工作日 website网址 way方法 wealth财富 wife 妻子 winner 胜利者 winter冬天 　　形容词：weak 脆弱的 well-known众所周知的 western 西方的 whole 整个的 wide 宽的white 白色的wet 湿的 worth值得的 wise 聪明的 wonderful 了不起的 windy 有风的 wrong错误的 　　Y 　　year 年 yellow 黄色 yesterday昨天 young 年轻的 　　副词：just 刚刚 there 那儿 through 通过 together 一起 tonight 今晚 since 自从 such如此 rather宁可 recently最近 perhaps可能 possibly可能 politely礼貌的 off 离开 once 曾经 outside在外面 over超过 only 只有 normally 平常的 never 从不 nearly差不多，几乎 now 现在 mainly 主要地 maybe 可能 mostly 多半的 yet 但是 already 已经 still 仍然 quite相当 very非常 too太 fairly 公平rather hardly 几乎不 badly非常 kindly 亲切地 quickly 迅速地 easily 容易地 well 很好地 luckily 幸运地 loudly 大声地 　　连词：where哪里 why为什么 whether 是否 when 什么时候 whatever 无论什么 what 什么who 谁 whom谁(宾格) whose 谁的 which 哪一个 if 是否 before 在..之前after在..之后 until直到..才 although 尽管unless除非 since 因为because因为 so因此 and和 or 或者but 但是so….that 如此..以致 neither…nor 既不..也不 either….or 两者其中之一 both….and 两者都 　　not only….but also 　　代词: one 一个 it它 this这个 that 那个 those那些 them他们(宾格) they他们 theirs他们的 themselves他们自己的(反身代词) ours我们的, ourselves我们的(反身代词) we我们 your你们的 yours你们的 yourself 你自己(反身代词)yourselves你们自己的(反身代词) our我们 other另外 neither 两者都不 none 三个或三个以上都不 nobody没有人 nothing 无人 many许多 myself 我自己 my 我的mine 我的 his他的 him他 she她 her 她(宾格) hers 她的 its它的 all所有的 both 两者都 neither两者都不 either 或者 none 一点也不 another另外一个 other 另一个 others 其他的

Tourism individual characteristics Personalized strong: a variety of individual travel, the team is not able to travel in the line of scenic spots, such as time constraints, according to its own schedule, so there are many tourists choose to travel the way individual. Individual in a considerable number of guests are business travelers, tourists, families, tourists, rich or special interest, their gender, age, occupation, country, region, tourists are interested in the existence of very different. If the service provided to tourists of the same services, tourists will definitely object to it. We particularly like Guilin, Jia Tianxia landscape not only to its natural scenery has attracted numerous visitors to the rich cultural history, so many Chinese and foreign tourists away. Guilin Tourism attracted to a variety of individual and foreign tourists, who come from various parts of the world, their interest is certainly not the same. Only the design features of tourism products, in the process of receiving their attention to the product mix elements of science and diversity, from the tourist point of view, in order to attract tourists so that they feel deeply in all aspects of the United States and Guilin. A small, multi-frequency: to participate in individual tourists are generally single individual or family, friends or co-playmate of the tour, so the number of groups is relatively less. As we do not have to take the form of individual travel of tourists in particular, the development of individual travel very quickly, so the total number of tourist visitors on a lot. In particular it is known as "the first Chinese tourist district" in Yangshuo, on the street in twos and threes often seeing friends, some of them know, some friends in Yangshuo. With the rapid development of individual travel, the use of individual forms of tourism in the number of visitors far exceeds the number of tourist groups. Yangshuo Jiedai Liang of Chinese and foreign individual account for more than seven, which also contributed to Yangshuo reception for Chinese and foreign individual tourist to the formation of the scale. After a good local publicity-driven benefits is considerable. 1.2.3 requirements, and more changes: in a large number of individual civil servants and business visitors, as a result of their travel expenses by more than the company"s units or in whole or in part bear, so they travel in the course of many of the communication and entertainment business And public service activities, generally require travel arrangements for. This activity is not only a higher level of consumption, but also services more higher. In addition, I have come into contact with the individual is often due to lack of experience in tourism and travel in their travel plans before the lack of well-conceived plan, which in the course of travel may change their travel plans, and even lead to changes before the abolition of all travel agencies to pre - Services, and the request is scheduled to travel to their new services. Scheduled for a short period, the pursuit of convenience: the same group travel, individual travel relatively short period is scheduled. This is because the individual travel often ask travel agents to provide the full range of travel services is not just one or more services, sometimes in the interim before the thought, sometimes on the road decision, but often require travel agencies to more For a short period of time or complete the procedures for travel. This requires individual departments of our tour guide services staff to be proficient in business, at any time be able to provide relevant Guilin tourism resources, tourism infrastructure, tourism and transport services in areas such as advisory services, and be able to skillfully arranged for individual lines, travel arrangements And put forward their choice for a variety of programs to help visitors feel the greatest degree of convenience.

数据库表中有一个varchar2类型的字段，里边可能包含数字或用逗号分隔的数据，如3或4，5这样的值，查询时，只传入了一个数字，也就是不带逗号的参数。因此sql语句类似这样：select * from ct where nos = 3语句本身一看就知道会出问题，因为3没加引号，会被当作数字处理。这样就肯定会报ORA-01722: invalid number的错误：SQL Error: 1722, SQLState: 42000ORA-01722: invalid number但在用hibernate时，为了避免数字问题，我们经常会这样写hsql语句：String sql = "select * from ctEntity as ct where ct.Nos = ""+no+""";当传入参数no为‘4,5"时，可能不会报错，但当no为"4"或"5"时，也就是单个数字时，就会报错了。经过打印hibernate的语句，发现单个数字时，hibernate会把上述语句转义成这样：select ct.Nos from ctEntity as ct where ct.Nos=4也就是会忽略掉引号，这样数据库就会报错，因为varchar2类型的nos字段在查询时给转义成了数字，所以肯定报错了。这种情况下，hsql语句就不能用 ct.Nos = " ***"这样的写法，必须用like，如ct.Nos like "%no%"，这样才不会报错。当然完整的查询语句要考虑逗号的前、后以及没有逗号的情况，那就自己考虑了。1、xxx.txt文本内容：XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXX X X X X XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXX X X X X XXXX2、XXX.ctl....................................INTO TABLE XXX_XXX_XXX -- 要插入记录的表Fields terminated by " " -- 数据中每行记录用 空格 分隔trailing nullcols --表的字段没有对应的值时允许为空(REQUEST_ID,REQUEST_TIME DATE "YYYYMMDDHH24MISS",REQUEST_SOURCE INTEGER EXTERNAL ,BUSINESS_TYPE INTEGER EXTERNAL ,PAY_TYPE INTEGER EXTERNAL ,CARD_WHOLECOUNT INTEGER EXTERNAL,CARD_WHOLEVALUE INTEGER EXTERNAL,PAY_AMOUNT INTEGER EXTERNAL)3、利用sqlloader导入会出现ORA-01722:invalid number问题；原因：换行符的存在，如果integer或者number类型的栏位位于表的最后，最后其实会有CR/LF的换行符，在用sqlldr导入时会把换行符也算作那个数字的一部分，使得对应的导入PAY_AMOUNT 的值与PAY_AMOUNT在数据库中定义的NUMBE R(8)类型不匹配，从而出错。解决办法加integer或者加“TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE”。即：trailing nullcols --表的字段没有对应的值时允许为空(REQUEST_ID,REQUEST_TIME DATE "YYYYMMDDHH24MISS",REQUEST_SOURCE INTEGER EXTERNAL ,BUSINESS_TYPE INTEGER EXTERNAL ,PAY_TYPE INTEGER EXTERNAL ,CARD_WHOLECOUNT INTEGER EXTERNAL,CARD_WHOLEVALUE INTEGER EXTERNAL,PAY_AMOUNT INTEGER EXTERNAL TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE)注：在实际工程项目中，其实要导入9个字段，最后一个字段为导入时间，于是相应的在数据库中创表时，默认导入时间值为SYSDATEIMPORT_DATE DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE

integer是整数，是1，2，3这样的数而whole number是说所有的数，比方说一个人的身份证号码你就可以说the whole numbers of one"s id

西方说的“natural number”翻译过来就是所谓“自然数”,在上世纪八九十年代以前的数学教学中,自然数还是不包括0的.但国内现在包括0了. 里氏词典中：whole number：any of the natural numbers (positive or negative) or zero 翻译过来是：整数：任何正的或负的自然数或零. 韦氏词典中：{Whole number} (Math.),a number which is not a fraction or mixed number; an integer. 翻译过来是：整数 （数学）：不是分数或带分数的数；整数. 可见,西方的自然数“natural number”就是正整数,是不包括0的. “whole number ”是整数,包括正整数、负整数和零（西方叫做正自然数、负自然数和零）,而不是目前中国教学里的“自然数”. integer译作“整数”（数学）或“整型数”（计算机）.数学上就是指整数,和whole number意思一样. 我想我应该是讲明白了.

整数的解释[integer (inntegral,whole) number] 任意 自然 数(如1,2,3,4,5)以及它们的负数或0 详细解释 (1).不含分数或小数的数，即零和带正号或负号的自然数。 (2).没有零头的数目，如十、二百、三千、四万等。 词语分解 整的解释 整 ě 有 秩序 ，不乱：整齐。 整洁 。整然有序。 治理：整治。整改。整编。 整饬 （a．使有条理， 整顿 ；b．整齐，有条理）。整装待发。 修理，修饰：整形。整旧如新。 完全无缺，没有零头：整体。完整。 使人吃苦 数的解释 数 （数） ù 表示、划分或 计算 出来的量：数目。数量。数词。数论（数学的一支，主要 研究 正整数的 性质 以及和它有关的 规律 ）。数控。 几，几个：数人。数日。 技艺 ，学术：“今夫弈之为数，小数也”。 命运 ，天

题库内容：整数的解释[integer (inntegral,whole) number] 任意 自然 数(如1,2,3,4,5)以及它们的负数或0 详细解释 (1).不含分数或小数的数，即零和带正号或负号的自然数。 (2).没有零头的数目，如十、二百、三千、四万等。 词语分解 整的解释 整 ě 有 秩序 ，不乱：整齐。 整洁 。整然有序。 治理：整治。整改。整编。 整饬 （a．使有条理， 整顿 ；b．整齐，有条理）。整装待发。 修理，修饰：整形。整旧如新。 完全无缺，没有零头：整体。完整。 使人吃苦 数的解释 数 （数） ù 表示、划分或 计算 出来的量：数目。数量。数词。数论（数学的一支，主要 研究 正整数的 性质 以及和它有关的 规律 ）。数控。 几，几个：数人。数日。 技艺 ，学术：“今夫弈之为数，小数也”。 命运 ，天

b

4.Positive intergers are whole numbers larger than zero, 1, 2,3, etc. Prime numbers are numbers that only have two factors, 1 and itself. Factors of 25 are numbers that can be divided into 25, i.e. 1, 5, 25. Now, 1 is a factor of 25, 2 and 3 are prime numbers, so 4 is the smallest positive integer that isn"t a factor of 25.

扫 拼音：sào　sǎo　 部首：扌 笔划：6 五笔：rv(简)rvg(全) 【大 中 小】 基本释义 〖扫〗的拼音、笔顺动画演示扫 （扫） sǎo 拿笤帚等除去尘土或垃圾：扫地。 清除，消灭：扫雷。扫盲。扫荡。一扫而空。 全，尽，尽其所有：扫数（sh?）。 低落，丧失：扫兴（x宯g ）。 描画：扫描。扫眉。 迅速横掠而过：扫射。扫视。 结束，了结：扫尾。 祭奠：扫墓。祭扫。 扫 （扫） sào 〔扫帚〕以竹枝等扎成的扫地用具。 （扫） 笔画数：6； 部首：扌； 笔顺编号：121511 详细解释扫 扫、埽 sǎo 【动】 (会意。从手,从帚。手拿扫帚表示打扫。本义:打扫) 同本义〖cleanup;sweep〗 埽,弃也。——《说文》。字亦作扫。 埽,除也。——《广雅》 掌五寝之埽除粪洒之事。——《周礼·隶仆》 子有廷内,弗洒弗扫。——《诗·唐风·山有枢》 花径不曾缘客扫,蓬门今始为君开。——唐·杜甫《客至》 又如:扫径(清洁路径);扫尘(扫去尘垢;比喻扫荡残敌,平定乱事);扫脑儿(秃子);扫道(踩出来的路);扫桃(扫面子);扫花以待(表示主人待客的诚意);扫眉才子(指有文才的女子) 掠过〖sweepaway〗 千骑飚扫,万乘雷奔。——李白《大猎赋》 又如:扫望(扫视);扫射 清除,消灭〖eliminate〗 扫项军于垓下。——张衡《东京赋》 又如:扫白(除去白发);扫穴(清除巢穴);扫穴擒渠(扫荡巢穴,擒拿贼首);扫殄(消灭);扫清(平定廓清);扫定(平定):扫难(平定患难) 画,染〖paint〗 淡扫蛾眉朝至尊。——张祜《集灵台》 又如:扫黛(画眉;用黛描画);扫眼(描眼) 祭扫〖sacrificeandrenovate〗 故请母命而宁汝于斯,便祭扫也。——清·袁枚《祭妹文》 又如:扫墓 飞快地书写〖write〗 吾师醉后倚绳床,须臾扫尽数千张。——李白《草书歌行》 扫 扫 sǎo 【形】 尽,全部〖total〗。如:扫土(举境,全境);扫数(扫除。全部);扫境(倾其境内全力) 另见sào 扫除 sǎochú 〖sweep〗∶用扫帚、刷子等清除脏东西 大扫除 〖clear〗∶清除;消除 扫除文盲 〖completely〗∶全部 都来投降;若不从者,便行扫除处死。——《水浒传》 扫除机 sǎochújī 〖sweeper〗一种打扫清洁的设备 草坪扫除机 扫除天下 sǎochú-tiānxià 〖sweepawayevil〗肃清邪恶,以平治天下 扫荡 sǎodàng 〖mopup;annihilate;exterminate;liquidatewipeout〗扫除涤荡;泛指彻底清除 扫荡叛匪 假如提起一支屠城的笔,扫荡了文坛上一切野草,那自然是快意的。——鲁迅《“说不出”》 扫地 sǎodì 〖sweepthefloor〗∶用扫帚等清扫地面 〖beshornof…;bedraggedinthedust〗∶比喻名誉、威信等全部丧失 威信扫地 扫地出门 sǎodì-chūmén 〖sweepaway〗比喻把坏东西彻底清除,也指剥夺全部财产,把人空手赶出门 扫地俱尽 sǎodì-jùjìn 〖completelysweepaway〗像扫地一样都没有了,形容破坏净尽 秦灭六国,而上古遗烈扫地俱尽矣。——《汉书·魏豹田儋等传赞》 惟怀逮愍,丧乱弘多,衣冠礼乐,扫地俱尽。——《晋书·儒林传序》 圣人遗训,扫地俱尽,制礼作乐,今也其时。——《隋书·高祖纪下》 扫地无余 sǎodì-wúyú 〖sweepthefloor;nothingleft〗像扫地一样,毫无存留 扫地以尽 sǎodìyǐjìn 〖becompletelydiscredited〗比喻破坏无遗,也指威风、名誉等完全丧失 扫房 sǎofáng 〖sweeproom;makegeneralhouse-keeping〗清扫房屋内的墙壁和屋顶 扫坟 sǎofén 〖sweepagrave〗祭扫坟墓 扫轨器 sǎoguǐqì 〖railsweep〗有轨车辆前方的装置,用于扫除路轨端面那些容易除去的障碍 扫黄 sǎohuáng 〖anti-pornography〗清理和消除黄色书刊及淫秽录像带等 扫祭 sǎojì 〖obit〗扫墓祭奠 扫雷 sǎoléi 〖sweep;mineclearance;removalofmines〗搜寻并排除敷设的地雷或水雷 在航道上扫雷 扫雷舰 sǎoléijiàn 〖minesweeper〗用于搜索和排除水雷的军舰 扫脸 sǎoliǎn 〖loseface〗[方言]∶丢面子 扫盲 sǎománg 〖eliminateilliteracy;sweepoutilliteracy〗指进行识字教育,清除文盲 扫盲运动 扫眉 sǎoméi 〖draweyebrows〗描画眉毛 明朝斗草多应喜,剪得灯花自扫眉。——唐·司空图《灯花》 扫眉才子 sǎoméi-cáizǐ 〖agirlpoetorauthor(scholarwithpickedeyebrow)〗指有文学才能的女子 扫眉才子知多少,管领春风总不如。——唐·王建《寄蜀中薛涛校书》 扫描 sǎomiáo 〖scanning〗通过电子束、无线电波等的左右移动在屏幕上显示出画面或图形 扫灭 sǎomiè 〖mopup〗扫荡消灭 扫灭敌寇 扫墓 sǎomù 〖sweepagrave—payrespectstoadeadpersonathistomb〗∶祭扫坟墓,对死者表示悼念 扫平 sǎopíng 〖putdown〗扫荡平定 扫平叛乱 扫清 sǎoqīng 〖clear〗用扫帚、铲子等清除掉 扫清人行道上的积雪 扫射 sǎoshè 〖strafe〗用自动武器左右移动,连续射击 用机枪火力扫射 扫视 sǎoshì 〖flicker〗目光迅速向四周移动掠过 迅速地扫视晨报的大字标题 扫数 sǎoshù 〖totalnumber;wholeamount〗全部;尽数 扫数归还欠款 扫榻 sǎotà 〖clearawaybed"sdust;sweepthemat〗打扫床榻,表示欢迎客人 南台中丞扫榻见,北门学士倒屐迎。——陆游《案题徐载叔东庄》 扫榻以待 扫榻以待 sǎotàyǐdài 〖clearawaydustandwaitguests〗扫除榻上的灰尘,等待客人到来。喻指热忱迎客 扫听 sǎotīng 〖inquireabout〗[方言]∶探询;打听 扫听一点消息 扫网 sǎowǎng 〖beat〗挥动捕虫网驱逐和捕捉昆虫 扫尾 sǎowěi 〖roundoff;windup〗做最后剩下的工作,使结束 扫尾工程 扫兴 sǎoxìng 〖feeldisappointed;haveone"sspiritdampened〗遇到不愉快的事情而兴致低落 真叫人扫兴 扫 扫 sào 另见sǎo 扫把 sàoba 〖broom〗扫地的工具,扫帚 扫帚 sàozhou 〖broom〗扫地的工具,多用竹枝扎成。也叫“扫把” 扫帚星 sàozhouxīng 〖comet〗∶指彗星 迷信的人认为出现扫帚星就会发生灾祸。所以也用扫帚星来骂被认为带来灾祸的人〖calamity〗

1、任何没让你死的困难，只会让你更强大。 Any difficulty that doesn"t kill you will only make you stronger. 2、因为有悔，所以披星戴月；因为有梦，所以奋不顾身。 Because there is regret, so the stars; because there is a dream, so desperate. 3、当世界给草籽重压时，它总会用自己的方法破土而出。 When the world is under the pressure of grass seed, it will always break the ground in its own way. 4、只要依靠自己的力量去做事情，即使条件很差，也能取得成功。 As long as we rely on our own strength to do things, even if the conditions are very poor, we can still achieve success. 5、人在得意时需沉得住傲气，在失意时则要忍得住火气。 People need to be proud when they are happy, but they need to be angry when they are frustrated. 6、生存下来的第一个想法是做好，而不是做大。 The first idea to survive is to do well, not to be big. 7、有时候，我们觉得累，是因为在前进的道路上，忘记了去哪。 Sometimes, we feel tired because we forget where to go along the way. 8、旧的东西再不放开，即使新的来了，你也会因为腾不开手而错过。 If you don"t let go of the old things, even if the new ones come, you will miss them because you can"t get rid of them. 9、十年后所有难过都是下酒菜。 Ten years later, all the sadness is the food and drink. 10、在你还没学会低调的时候，请把高调玩的优雅些。 When you haven"t learned how to keep a low profile, please play high profile gracefully. 11、在乎才会乱想，不在乎连想都不会想。 Care will think, don"t care even think. 12、生命的成长，需要吃饭，还需要吃苦，吃亏。 The growth of life, need to eat, but also need to bear hardships, suffer losses. 13、可以失败，不可以失志；可以失望，不可以绝望。 You can fail, you can"t lose your will; you can be disappointed, you can"t despair. 14、管好自己，走好脚下的路，不受无关紧要的人和事影响。 Take care of yourself, walk the road under your feet, and be free from the influence of unimportant people and things. 15、生活在希望中，没有音乐，一样可以跳动。 Life in hope, without music, can also beat. 16、能做的只有站在自己的位置，扮演好各自的角色。 What we can do is to stand in our own position and play their respective roles. 17、站得更高才能看得更远。 Only when you stand higher can you see further. 18、励志是给人快乐，激励是给人痛苦。 Inspirational is to give people happiness, motivation is to give people pain. 19、走在生命长径，始终向往远方。 Walking in the long path of life, always yearning for the distance. 20、愿我们，都有能力爱自己，有余力爱别人。 May we all be able to love ourselves and others. 21、只要你全力以赴了，没有人会嘲笑一个全力以赴的人！ As long as you go all out, no one will laugh at a person who goes all out! 22、而有些人，从未有过梦想，只是拥有幻觉或幻想。 And some people, who have never had a dream, just have hallucinations or fantasies. 23、挫折其实就是迈向成功所应缴的学费。 Frustration is actually the tuition fee for success. 24、所谓的应试，经受更多痛苦的人最后才能赢得胜利。 In the so-called exam taking, only those who suffer more can win in the end. 25、最大的挑战和突破在于用人，而用人最大的突破在于信任人。 The biggest challenge and breakthrough lies in employing people, and the biggest breakthrough lies in trusting people. 26、自己要先看得起自己，别人才会看得起你。 You have to look up to yourself before others look up to you. 27、人生至高无上的幸福，莫过于确信自己被人所爱。 The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that you are loved. 28、笑对人生，把一切都看淡，但却又放在了心里整理。 Smile on life, everything is indifferent, but it is put in the heart. 29、自信就是成功的第一秘决。 Confidence is the first secret of success. 30、没有能力承担别人的未来，就不要去打扰别人的现在。 If you can"t afford the future of others, don"t disturb the present of others. 31、成功需要改变，用新的方法改变过去的结果。 Success requires change, changing past results in new ways. 32、保持一颗年轻的心，做个简单的人，享受阳光和温暖。 Keep a young heart, be a simple person, enjoy the sunshine and warmth. 33、用时间和心看人，而不是用眼睛。 Look at people with time and heart, not with eyes. 34、人因为梦想而伟大，早日达到自己的目标。 People are great because of their dreams and achieve their goals as soon as possible. 35、成功永远属于一直在跑的人。 Success always belongs to those who are always running. 36、人生是一场一个人的旅程，无人可替代。总有人离开，总有人到来。 Life is a journey for one person, and no one can replace it. There are always people who leave, and there are always people who come. 37、空虚无聊的时候就读书，但一定得有自己的生活目标和计划。 Read when you are empty and bored, but you must have your own life goals and plans. 38、没有激流就称不上勇进，没有山峰则谈不上攀登。 There is no rapids, there is no bravery, there is no peak, there is no climbing. 39、山不难爬，只要你肯，山巅在其脚下。 The mountain is not difficult to climb, as long as you are willing, the top of the mountain is at its feet. 40、让生活的句号圈住的人，是无法前时半步的。 People who are surrounded by the full stop of life can"t move forward. 41、含泪播种的人一定能含笑收获。 He who sows with tears will reap with a smile. 42、成功跟借口是不会在同一个屋檐下的。 Success and excuse are not under the same roof. 43、假如你从来未曾害怕、受窘、受伤害，好就是你从来没有冒过险。 If you"ve never been afraid, embarrassed or hurt, the good thing is that you"ve never taken a risk. 44、今朝努力，明朝成功。 Work hard today and succeed in the Ming Dynasty. 45、刀锋入骨不得不战，背水争雄不胜则亡。 If the blade goes to the bone, you have to fight. If you are defeated, you will die. 46、就算失败了99次，我也要坚强，凑个整数。 Even if I have failed 99 times, I will be strong and make up a whole number. 47、经受了火的洗礼泥巴也会有坚强的体魄。 After the baptism of fire, mud will have a strong body. 48、没有礁石，就没有美丽的浪花；没有挫折，就没有壮丽的人生。 Without reefs, there would be no beautiful waves; without setbacks, there would be no magnificent life. 49、上坡的路难走，走上去会很累。但你要是不走，就看不到风景。 It"s hard to walk uphill. It"s very tiring to walk uphill. But if you don"t go, you won"t see the scenery. 50、钻石的光芒是历史的收藏，走的太快的我们早晚会迷茫。 The light of diamond is the collection of history. If we go too fast, we will be confused sooner or later.

楼上的好神速啊~~ 太高手了

In the two countries are amazing method of the similarity.First of all, in the culture, in the method of the two nations are created splendid history and culture. For more than 2000 years, China as the cradle of civilization in the east of Asia and the world culture exerts an enormous influence.French history though not China"s long, but since the middle ages, France has always been is the center of the western culture, in Europe, and even the world produces a profound impact.The world is like a little in the two nations to that of a human contribution so many thinkers, writers, inventor, not And, this is not equal to even the basic welfare and the welfare system, a piece of throwing. And in the reform of China for a long time, we one such mistakes.to mention the two countries to the world of the culinary arts bring top....... When a Chinese and French people met, they can superior world culture, also can talk about life art, because they are so the same. From the national character look, the sino-french of national pride is extremely strong, cherish its glorious past, all have so little at pride. China"s LaoZu himself with "the empire", will be called "the emperor" emperor, the French will themselves as "the world"s your belly button", the best country in the world is France, the most intelligent people is French. The French national has a superiority, even be conceited. Especially in their own language, had heard of such a joke: in France, if someone accidentally dropped into water, use English shout "help", it is not the rescued, French people only know French "au secours" (help). The French people insist on this truth: in France, please speak French.There is a French phrases called "Exception Francaise" (French Exception) said that is the reason why. In other countries, English can unimpeded, but in France is an exception. See the French so deeply love own language and culture, so confidently to a foreigner said the "French exception", which I"m very touched. The French people speak French as love France, speak French become the Frenchman"s a national culture complex. But at the same time, we should also see china-french there are still so many of the differences. The sino-french social status of the most significant differences in the two countries from the welfare system. People all know French romantic, the romantic part of it is the nature of the nation comes from: the 90-year-old old woman can also wear small mink before men in and old boyfriend sweet words. But there is a most, it is from their welfare system, and death all need not worry, the French natural can let go of hands and feet, and them to love to the romance.The French welfare system to the French people proud that, from birth to college, is all free education, unemployment have subsidies, a doctor have health insurance, so someone smile says: people in Western Europe, the number of the French color of skin deep, are doing a basking in the sun. Because a progressive tax system, the more you make, the more in taxes, can saying is the French high income people pay higher taxes in support of the home of a large group of idler, and up and down the country a carefree easily.The welfare system is the good thing about it, first of all, social security is out of the question, also reduced the cost of social management and supervision, and at the same time because the social credit system is perfect, and reduced the transaction cost, and also can be offset by higher prices for labor part of brought about by the high cost of competitive disadvantage. But so the system also has its gao fuli the drawbacks. If in this circle one percent of people willing to an age, used to live by subsidies, so these people will be considered alternative. But if this figure reached ten percent, then possibly be moved moral beliefs of others, again upwards growth, inert are dangerous, welfare system from the transformation of the critical also more and more close.State wisdom and culture of precipitation, be the utopia of myth, at two stand fast economic recovery after after development, people can"t wait to choose the welfare society. Now, it seems that some a little impatient. China in the era of planned economy to the national provides although also be low level but relatively complete welfare. After the reform, on one hand we inherited plan to welfare form of time difference distribution, on the other hand, for most national have various welfare, education, medical treatment, endowment, housing, etc--one by one to break, from this level said, reform is a "right to" process. Nordic some welfare state do appear large public spending, the heavy burden of national tax situation. In view of this, to the China as a development ?

1. He let that girl sit down and relax. 2. Most of the students wants to study abroad. 3. What"s the population in China? 4. This is the first time Mary is invited to a party. 5. He drives the whole way from Beijing to Guangzhou. 6. A lot of students have read this book, and the number of pandas is increasing. 7. The room is empty except for a broken chair. 8. He stands there holding his arm up. 9. He has a great knowledge of Chinese histroy. 10. The party gone to an end with the song by Liu Huan.

北京时间减8小时就是世界时。 8小时=8*60*60=28800秒。 把下面的代码复制成get_new_time.f然后编译：pgf90 -o get_new_time get_new_time.f比如运行： get_new_time 2008071620 -28800 会输出2008071612_00:00 get_new_time.f: program new_time!yuanbing, 2006 character*16 ndate, odate, idt character*19 odate1 character*256 cm,cn real m,n integer idts,method odate=" " numarg = iargc() if(numarg<2) call help if(numarg==2) method = 1 if(numarg==3) then method = 2 endif if(numarg==4) then call getarg(4,cn) read(cn,*) n if(n>0) method = 3 if(n==0 ) call help if(n<0 ) method = 4 endif call getarg(1,odate1) if(method == 3 .or. method == 4) then odate(1:4)=odate1(1:4) odate(5:6)=odate1(6:7) odate(7:8)=odate1(9:10) if(len(trim(odate1))>=13) odate(9:10)=odate1(12:13) if(len(trim(odate1))>=16) then odate(11:11)="_" odate(12:13)=odate1(15:16) endif if(len(trim(odate1))>=19) then odate(14:14)=":" odate(15:16)=odate1(18:19) endif else odate=odate1(1:16) endif call getarg(2,idt) read(idt,*) idts! print*,odate,method call geth_newdate (ndate, odate, idts) if(method == 1 .or. method == 4) then write(*,"(a16)") ndate else write(*,"(a19)") ndate(1:4)//"-"//ndate(5:6)//"-"//ndate(7:8)// - "_"//ndate(9:10)//":"//ndate(12:13)//":"//ndate(15:16) endif end!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! subroutine geth_newdate (ndate, odate, idts) implicit none!**********************************************************************!! purpose - from old date ("YYYYMMDDHH_MM:SS") and time in! seconds, compute the new date.!! on entry - odate - the old hdate.! idts - the change in time in seconds.!! on exit - ndate - the new hdate.! idts - the change in time in seconds.!!********************************************************************** integer idts character*(*) ndate, odate integer nlen, olen!! Local Variables!! yrold - indicates the year associated with "odate"! moold - indicates the month associated with "odate"! dyold - indicates the day associated with "odate"! hrold - indicates the hour associated with "odate"! miold - indicates the minute associated with "odate"! scold - indicates the second associated with "odate"!! yrnew - indicates the year associated with "ndate"! monew - indicates the month associated with "ndate"! dynew - indicates the day associated with "ndate"! hrnew - indicates the hour associated with "ndate"! minew - indicates the minute associated with "ndate"! scnew - indicates the second associated with "ndate"!! mday - a list assigning the number of days in each month! dth - the number of hours represented by "idts"! i - loop counter! nday - the integer number of days represented by "idts"! nhour - the integer number of hours in "idts" after taking out! all the whole days! nmin - the integer number of minutes in "idts" after taking out! all the whole days and whole hours.! nsec - the integer number of minutes in "idts" after taking out! all the whole days, whole hours, and whole minutes.! integer yrnew, monew, dynew, hrnew, minew, scnew integer yrold, moold, dyold, hrold, miold, scold integer mday(12), nday, nhour, nmin, nsec, i real dth logical opass!************************* Subroutine Begin *************************!! Assign the number of days in a months! mday( 1) = 31 mday( 2) = 28 mday( 3) = 31 mday( 4) = 30 mday( 5) = 31 mday( 6) = 30 mday( 7) = 31 mday( 8) = 31 mday( 9) = 30 mday(10) = 31 mday(11) = 30 mday(12) = 31!! Break down old hdate into parts! hrold = 0 miold = 0 scold = 0 olen = len(odate) read(odate(1:4), "(I4)") yrold read(odate(5:6), "(I2)") moold read(odate(7:8), "(I2)") dyold if (olen.ge.10) then read(odate(9:10),"(I2)") hrold if (olen.ge.13) then read(odate(12:13),"(I2)") miold if (olen.ge.16) then read(odate(15:16),"(I2)") scold endif endif endif!! Set the number of days in February for that year.! mday(2) = 28 if (mod(yrold,4).eq.0) then mday(2) = 29 if (mod(yrold,100).eq.0) then mday(2) = 28 if (mod(yrold,400).eq.0) then mday(2) = 29 endif endif endif!! Check that ODATE makes sense.! opass = .TRUE.! Check that the month of ODATE makes sense. if ((moold.gt.12).or.(moold.lt.1)) then print*, "GETH_NEWDATE: Month of ODATE = ", moold opass = .FALSE. endif! Check that the day of ODATE makes sense. if ((dyold.gt.mday(moold)).or.(dyold.lt.1)) then print*, "GET_NEWDATE: Day of ODATE = ", dyold opass = .FALSE. endif! Check that the hour of ODATE makes sense. if ((hrold.gt.23).or.(hrold.lt.0)) then print*, "GET_NEWDATE: Hour of ODATE = ", hrold opass = .FALSE. endif! Check that the minute of ODATE makes sense. if ((miold.gt.59).or.(miold.lt.0)) then print*, "GET_NEWDATE: Minute of ODATE = ", miold opass = .FALSE. endif! Check that the second of ODATE makes sense. if ((scold.gt.59).or.(scold.lt.0)) then print*, "GET_NEWDATE: Second of ODATE = ", scold opass = .FALSE. endif if (.not.opass) then print*, "Crazy ODATE: ", odate(1:olen), olen STOP "Error_odate"! stop endif!! Date Checks are completed. Continue.!!! Compute the number of days, hours, minutes, and seconds in idts! if(idts>=0) then nday = idts/86400 ! Integer number of days in delta-time nhour = mod(idts,86400)/3600 nmin = mod(idts,3600)/60 nsec = mod(idts,60) scnew = scold + nsec if (scnew .ge. 60) then scnew = scnew - 60 nmin = nmin + 1 end if minew = miold + nmin if (minew .ge. 60) then minew = minew - 60 nhour = nhour + 1 end if hrnew = hrold + nhour if (hrnew .ge. 24) then hrnew = hrnew - 24 nday = nday + 1 end if dynew = dyold monew = moold yrnew = yrold do i = 1, nday dynew = dynew + 1 if (dynew.gt.mday(monew)) then dynew = dynew - mday(monew) monew = monew + 1 if (monew .gt. 12) then monew = 1 yrnew = yrnew + 1 mday(2) = 28 if (mod(yrnew,4).eq.0) then mday(2) = 29 if (mod(yrnew,100).eq.0) then mday(2) = 28 if (mod(yrnew,400).eq.0) then mday(2) = 29 endif endif endif end if endif enddo else nday = -idts/86400 nhour = -mod(idts,86400)/3600 nmin = -mod(idts,3600)/60 nsec = -mod(idts,60) scnew = scold - nsec if (scnew .lt. 0) then scnew = 60 + scnew nmin = nmin + 1 end if minew = miold - nmin if (minew .lt. 0) then minew = 60 + minew nhour = nhour + 1 endif hrnew = hrold - nhour if (hrnew .lt. 0) then hrnew = 24 + hrnew nday = nday + 1 end if dynew = dyold monew = moold yrnew = yrold do i = 1, nday dynew = dynew - 1 if (dynew.lt.1) then monew = monew - 1 dynew = mday(monew) - abs(dynew) if (monew .lt. 1) then monew = 12 dynew = mday(monew) - abs(dynew) yrnew = yrnew - 1 mday(2) = 28 if (mod(yrnew,4).eq.0) then mday(2) = 29 if (mod(yrnew,100).eq.0) then mday(2) = 28 if (mod(yrnew,400).eq.0) then mday(2) = 29 endif endif endif endif endif enddo endif!! Now construct the new mdate! nlen = len(ndate) if (nlen.ge.16) then write(ndate,19) yrnew, monew, dynew, hrnew, minew, scnew 19 format(I4,I2.2,I2.2,I2.2,"_",I2.2,":",I2.2) else if (nlen.eq.13) then write(ndate,16) yrnew, monew, dynew, hrnew, minew 16 format(I4,I2.2,I2.2,I2.2,"_",I2.2) else if (nlen.eq.10) then write(ndate,13) yrnew, monew, dynew, hrnew 13 format(I4,I2.2,I2.2,I2.2) else if (nlen.eq.8) then write(ndate,10) yrnew, monew, dynew 10 format(I4,I2.2,I2.2) endif!************************** Subroutine End ************************** end subroutine help print* print*,"usage: " print*," get_new_time.exe date_time idts [m] [n]" print* print*,"if m,n not given, date_time in YYYYMMDDHH_MM:SS" print*," ouput in YYYYMMDDHH_MM:SS" print* print*,"if m given,n not, date_time in YYYYMMDDHH_MM:SS" print*," ouput in YYYY-MM-DD_HH:MM:SS" print* print*,"if m,n given,n>0, date_time in YYYY-MM-DD_HH:MM:SS" print*," ouput in YYYY-MM-DD_HH:MM:SS" print* print*,"if m,n given,n<0, date_time in YYYY-MM-DD_HH:MM:SS" print*," ouput in YYYYMMDDHH_MM:SS" print* print*,"Here, idts means the time inteval in seconds. " print*," idts may be postive or negtive" stop " " end

Since the twentieth century, since the seventies, Second Language Acquisition research focus from the study of teaching methods transferred to the right of individual learner differences in research. Individual differences that affect the learning environment for learners, gender, age, motivation, attitude, strategy, personality characteristics, cognitive, emotional factors, and many other factors, learning motivation and strategies that affect the effectiveness of foreign language learning, one of the most important factors. So far, many domestic and foreign researchers using observation, interviews, questionnaires and other methods, motivation and learning strategies were extensively studied, most of the foreign researchers through a series of theoretical and empirical research put forward various theories and models , such as Gardner (1972) and his colleagues come to the "instrumental motivation" and "fusion-type motive" motive classification, and later developed into the classic model of social education; Deci & Ryan (1985) made an important self-determination theory, as well as Pintrich & Schunk expectations theory of motivation, and Locke & Latham"s goal theory of motivation and so on. Motivation to learn is to promote student learning activities in an internal motivation, which is to stimulate and guide students to learn the general term for a variety of needs. Motivation, once formed, it is not only the content students have learned a certain point, ie to initiate a positive attitude, interest in learning, focused attention; but also have a certain momentum to make note that the state maintained, in the face of difficulties a determination to overcome adversity. ZHANG Ya-ling (1994) that China"s undergraduate English major, there are seven types of motivation - intrinsic interest, achievement, emotional, and abroad, social responsibility, personal development, and information media. Hua Huifang (1998) argues that motivation to learn in stimulating and nurturing learning foreign languages has played a key role, the main method can also be divided into the following four points: 1. A clear learning objectives 2. On developing self-interest in learning 3. Students to master learning strategy, so that students will learn 4. the reform of teaching First, make good use of business English, but also to learn the relevant business expertise, familiar with international business activities in the normal practice and expression of language, and a large number of newspapers and magazines to read a variety of Chinese and foreign business to understand the dynamics of economic development and cultural differences. Teachers in the choice of learning materials should not be relying on a textbook, should be a certain degree of extensiveness, the selected material should be related to economic, trade, through the financial, tourism and other fields, should be involved in commercial correspondence, documents , charts, different style. The only way to allow students to conduct a more comprehensive knowledge of business understanding, truly reflects the content of Business English teaching - from English secondary professional. Xiao-Hong Jiang (2003) considers the same time, teachers should change the traditional teaching concepts, innovative ideas. First, the knowledge taught to Youyidaonan, taking into account student interest in learning. Second, to increase the teaching part of the fun, the diversification of teaching methods. To listening, speaking, reading, writing and translating abilities organically throughout the whole teaching activities to go inside and outside the classroom to use more heuristic; adopt a student-centered teaching model theme, mobilize the enthusiasm of the students; continuous The new teaching practice, focusing on the practical application to improve English language ability.

A Festival activities program TIME AND PLACE Oct. 24~30 Oct. 24~30 9:00 a.m. ~ 4:00 p.m. Oct. 25 ~29 12:00 p.m. ~ 9:00 p.m. At Kerry Centre Hotel Classroom area 1) English Taster Lesson 2) Food health-keeping method presentation Computer area 3) E-photography and Techno-Music 4) Education Software Demonstration Internet Training area SINA and Capital On-line will provide Internet training for the public. The focus will be on browsing the Internet; how to find useful information on the web and how to design an elementary web page. Foyer Activity area 5) The students from Beijing TV University for the aged will provide a calligraphy (handwriting) demonstration. 6) Children activities Lectures 21st Century, the educational weekly of China Daily, will invite experts from English-speaking countries to hold lectures from 18:30 to 120:30 on October 27 to 29 and in the daytime on October 30. 36. A 70-year-old teacher wants to see how to use writing brush well, he should go to _______. A. Classroom area B. Internet Training area C. Computer area D. Foyer Activity area 37. A person who is interested in Internet can go to ________. A. Computer area at 9:00 p.m. Oct.30 B. Internet Training area at 11:00 a.m. Oct. 24 C. Classroom area at 8:00 p.m. Oct.26 D. Lectures at 9:00 p.m. Oct.29 38. The students of English Department have a chance to learn English at _______. A. 15:00~15:45Oct.30 B.9:00~9:45a.m.Oct.27 C. 17:15~18:00Oct.28 D.12:00~12:45 Oct.25 39. The word “browsing” in the passage probably means_________. A. seeing everywhere B. going here and there C. staring everywhere D. reading here and there in books, etc. B The nervous-looking young man had waited for a few moments outside the jeweler"s before he got enough courage to enter. He was warmly greeted by a young assistant. James felt a rush of blood to his face as he explained he would be bringing in his future wife to choose a birthday present. The assistant listened carefully and told him he"d better buy a necklace. He wasn"t used to buying jewellery and was a little worried about overspending. After some discussion as to a reasonable price and the type, the assistant showed him dozens of necklaces and helped him to choose. At last James chose one and left the shop promising to return at five o"clock. When, half an hour later than planned, James did return to the shop with his future wife Laura, the assistant acted as if she had never seen him before. When she was asked to show them some necklaces, she first brought out some inexpensive ones for them to choose, and then gave them the one she had prepared. A choice was soon made and they went away satisfied. James would certainly come back to buy what he wanted when he got married. 40. A good title for this passage is ________________. A. A Clever Assistant B. Buying a Birthday Present C. How to Choose a Necklace D. A Brave Young Man 41. The word “overspending” in this passage means ___________. A. spending more time than he planned B. spending too much time C. spending too much money D. spending too much time and too much money 42. When James told the assistant why he wanted to buy a present, his face _______. A. turned pale B. turned red C. turned yellow D. turned black 43. James would come back to buy what he wanted because__________. A. the assistant knew how to satisfy the people who came to buy things B. the necklace was good C. Laura like liked the necklace D. the assistant who served James was very beautiful C A large number of women in Western European countries wish that they were born men. The number is said as high as 60% in West Germany. “Women often wish that they had the same chance as men have, and believe it"s still a men"s world,” said Dr James Holden, one of the scientists who did the study. Anne Harper has a very good job for an international oil company. She also believes in “Women"s Liberation”. “I don"t wish that I were a man, ” she says, “and I don"t think many women do. But I do wish that people would stop looking down upon us women. At work, for example, we often do the work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs that are usually the best ones and open only to men. If you are a man you have a much better chance of leading an exciting life. How many women pilots are there… or engineers or scientists?” 44. “It"s still a men"s world,” means “_____________”. A. there are more men than women in the world. B. there are more men scientists or engineers than women in the world. C. women can not live without men. D. women have not been given the same chance as men. 45. Anne Harper considers that women should ____________. A. be really liberated B. live a better life C. be well paid D. get better jobs than men 46. Anne Harper doesn"t wish that she were a man because she____________. A. has got a very good job B. believes in “Women"s Liberation” C. does the work that a man can"t do D. isn"t looked down upon by anyone 47. Which of the following is not true? A. Usually the best jobs are not open to women B. Women are less paid than men for the same job. C. There"re more men pilots, engineers and scientist than women. D. Women are looked down upon because they"re the second-class citizens D People who are hit by lightning and survive often have long-term effects. These may include memory loss, sleep disorders, muscle pain and depression. Experts tell people to seek the safety of a building or a hard-top vehicle any time they hear thunder, even if it is not raining. They say lightning can strike as far as sixteen kilometers from any rainfall. Lightning can travel sideways. And at least ten percent of lightning happens without any clouds overhead that you can see. People who are outdoors should make sure they are not the tallest thing around. Bend low to the ground, but do not lie down. And do not stand near a tree or any tall subject. Get away from water and anything made of metal. A car is safe, but do not touch any metal inside. Safety experts say people in buildings should stay away from anything with wires or pipes that lead to the outside. The National Weather Service says if you plan to disconnect any electronic equipment, do so before the storm arrives. Do not use a wired telephone. Do not use water. All these can carry electricity. Some people think a person struck by lightning carries an electrical charge (电荷) afterward. Experts say this is not true. It is safe to begin emergency treatment. Each year about four hundred people in the United States are struck by lightning. Last year forty four people died. The average is close to seventy. The National Weather Service says that is more than the number of people killed by severe storms. 48. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. Lightning can happen even if there is no cloud. B. Lightning won"t do harm to people"s health. C. Lightning can travel sideways. D. Lightning can strike very far. 49. The underlined word “disconnect” (in paragraph 4) refers to “_________”. A. cut out B. interrupt C. cut off D. disturb 50. Which of the following mustn"t you do in order to seek lightning safety? A. Hide in a building B. Sit in a car C. Bend low to the ground D. Lie under a tall tree 51. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? A. The latest information about lightning. B. Some common knowledge about lightning safety. C. How lightning comes into being. D. Where we should hide in case of lightning. E Canada is a very large country. It is the second largest country in the world. By contrast it has a very small population. There are only about 29 million people there. Most Canadians are of British or French origin, and French is an official language as well as English. About 45% of the people are of British origin, that is, they or their parents or grandparents, etc, come from Britain. Nearly 30%are of French origin. Most of the French-Canadians live in the province of Quebec. Over the years, people have come to live in Canada from many countries in the world. They are from most European countries and also from china, besides other Asian countries. However, Canada was not an empty country when the Europeans began to arrive. Canadian Indian lived along the coast, by the rivers and lakes and in forests. Today there are only 350,000 Indians in the whole country, with their own language. In the far north live the Inuit. There are only 27,000 Canadian-Inuit. Their life is hard in such a difficult climate. 52. About _________ live in Quebec. A. 30% of the French-Canadians B. 45% of the Canadians C. 29,000,000 people D. 8,700,000 French-Canadians 53. The official languages of Canada are ________. A. English and Chinese B. French and English C. Indian and English D. Chinese and Inuit 54. The word “origin” in this passage means _________. A. 血统 B. 后裔 C. 先驱 D. 猿人 55. Which of the following is true, according to this passage? A. There are 27,000 Canadian-Indians in Canada. B. More than 13 million people have come from Britain and France in recent years. C. There are 30% of the population whose parents or grandparents come from France. D. There are no people when the Europeans began to arrive in Canada.36-40 CBADA 41-45 CBADA 46-50 BDBCD 51-55 BDBAC

Vehicle emission reduction2007 5 13The current climate warming has become a global issue, each country is beginning to take concrete measures, yesterday, President Bush announced that it will develop a new energy-saving vehicle standards, reduce energy consumption and vehicle exhaust emissions.Bush said that he has instructed the Department of Energy the same day, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Environmental Protection Agency to cooperate in the development of new energy-saving standards vehicle. U.S. vehicle to larger displacement, high fuel consumption of the year, According to the current United States government has established automotive energy conservation standards, energy consumption to achieve cars per gallon on 27.5 miles, or 100 km fuel consumption must 8.54 liters following. According to the White House plan, the new standards will be 2008 before implementation.Cooperation with ChinaThe well-known American embracing organizations, "the Natural Resources Defense Council," president Francis? Ms. BeineckeIt is understood that the Beinecke agencies recently to help China develop energy-saving and clean energy as next decade one of the six key tasks will be to raise additional funds for cooperation projects. She led the Commission for the Conservation of Natural Resources dozen members of the Governing Council"s visit to China is concerned about environmental protection in order to allow these entrepreneurs, philanthropists see for themselves the achievements China and the challenges facing, the more secure their support.Natural Resources Defense Council in the past few years China has actively carried out a number of clean energy cooperation projects, including building energy saving, energy-saving lighting, DSM, has been made to reduce carbon dioxide emissions results. The organization"s China Project Director Barbara? Wen Lai, introduced fees that they have helped develop China"s Chongqing Municipality a civil buildings energy-efficient standards, the standards later become the designated two regional civil buildings energy consumption standards and a national standard reference. Natural Resources Protection Committee of the Chinese experts have recently released a commercial building lighting energy consumption standards provide technical advice. This alone lighting energy consumption standards in the whole of China each year can be implemented to reduce 6 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.Coordinated by the Commission for the Conservation of natural resources management Normal Sino-US cooperation green building projects in 2005 completed and became China"s first international Green Building gold certified public buildings, leading the Chinese green building trend. According to the actual appraisal, the building can be saved every year power 900,000 kwh, water-saving 1 million tons, reducing CO2 emissions 1,700 tons.Fees Wen-li President also said: "We are also in Jiangsu Province Economic and Trade Commission, and promote cooperation electricity demand management. This is a low-input, energy-saving effect of a good strategy, Jiangsu Province last year, leading the country, setting up the equivalent of 25 million US dollars in special fund to provide financial assistance to promote the use of energy-saving technology. Just one year this DSM measures have reduced the equivalent of 150,000 killowatt installed power capacity needs.Natural Resources Defense Council have been or are working with a number of China"s central and provincial government and research institutions, such as the Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Science and Technology, the State Development and Reform Commission, Environmental Protection Agency, National Academy of Sciences, Tsinghua University, Jiangsu sound, a number of departments of Shanghai.Underground storage of carbon dioxide technology issuesIn October 2007 17The United States Environmental Protection Agency said last week that regulatory standards will be set up thermal power plants and other industrial facilities carbon dioxide emissions from underground storage problems.The underground carbon dioxide storage is a new technology at present there is no commercial operation, but it is slow down global warming, and prevent the disaster caused by climate change one of the important means. According to a Reuters report, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, in its statement that it will launch next summer when the corresponding laws and regulations "to ensure" safe water "from the establishment of the framework of a constant and effective system of licensing standards for commercial-scale geological carbon sinks projects established standards."The burning of coal and fossil fuel power plant emissions of carbon dioxide can be captured and buried depositors. The United States one-third of the carbon dioxide emissions from power plants and other industrial sources. According to the United States Department of Energy study, the United States and Canada have sufficient storage capacity power plant emissions of carbon dioxide gas in the deep crust storage 900 years, but the cost is unclear. Last week, the Department of Energy announced that three large-scale carbon sink project funds. Total cost of these projects is about 318 million US dollars, the Department of Energy plans within a decade for these projects invested 197 million US dollars. The Department of Energy said the project will try to 1 million tons or even large-scale carbon dioxide gas stored in the deeper parts of the crust加点分,谢谢!

no

应该只是程度上的差别

可以翻译为，所以，事实是整个地区的冰雹正在减少，the fact后面的从句可以看做同位语从句，region是地区的意思hail是冰雹的意思。主语是the fact，谓语是makes，that particular year应该是时间状语，在那年发生的事

高中英语单词辨析 1. clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数, cloth指布,为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2. incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident. 3. amount, number amount后接不可数名词, number后接可数名词 a number of students 4. family, house, home home 家,包括住处和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成员. My family is a happy one. 5. sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside. 6. photo, picture, drawing photo用照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画的画 Let"s go and see a good picture. 7. vocabulary, word vocabulary词汇,一个人拥有的单词量,word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary. 8. population, people population人口,人数,people具体的人 China has a large population. 9. weather, climate weather一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况 The climate here is not good for you. 10. road, street, path, way road具体的公路,马路,street街道,path小路,小径,way道路,途径 take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum. 11. course, subject course课程（可包括多门科目）,subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course 12. custom, habit custom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接to do, habit生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接of doing. I"ve got the habit of drinking a lot. 13. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth,reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 14. exercise, exercises, practice exercise运动,锻炼（不可数）,exercises练习（可数）,practice（反复做的）练习 Practice makes perfect. 15. class, lesson 作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 5 16. speech, talk, lecture speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说,talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话,lecture学术性的演讲,讲课 a series of lecture on… 17. officer, official officer部队的军官,official *** 官员 an army officer 18. work, job 二者均指工作.work不可数,job可数 a good job 19. couple, pair couple主要指人或动物,pair多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers 20. country, nation, state, land country侧重指版图,疆域,nation指人民,国民,民族,state侧重指 *** ,政体,land国土,国家 The whole nation was sad at the news. 21. cook, cooker cook厨师,cooker厨具 He is a good cook. 22. damage, damages damage不可数名词, 损害,损失; damages复数形式, 赔偿金 $900 damages 23. police, policeman police警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,policeman 指某个具体的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house. 24. problem, question problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask, answer连用 25. man, a man man人类,a man一个男人 Man will conquer nature. 26. chick, chicken 二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious. 27. telegram, telegraph 当电报解时,telegram指具体的,telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph 28. trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 29. sport, game sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则 His favorite sport is swimming. 30. price, prize price价格,prize奖,奖品,奖金 win the first prize The price is high/low. 31. a number of, the number of a number of许多,谓语动词用复数.the number of…的数目,谓语动词用单数.The number of students is increasing. 32. in front of, in the front of in front of范围外的前面,in the front of范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy. 33. of the day, of a day of the day每一天的,当时的,当代的, of a day暂时的,不长久的 a famous scientist of the day 34. three of us, the three of us three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个,the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema. 35. by bus, on the bus by bus表手段,方式,不用冠词,on the bus表范围 They went there by bus. 36. for a moment, for the moment for a moment 片刻,一会儿,for the moment暂时,一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed. 37. next year, the next year next year将来时间状语,the next year过去将来时间状语 He said he would go abroad the next year. 38. more than a year, more than one year more than a year一年多,more than one year超过一年（两年或三年等） 39. take advice, take the(one"s) advice take advice征求意见,take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again. 40. take air, take the air take air传播,走漏,take the air到户外去,散步 We take the air every day. 41. in a word, in words in a word总之,一句话, in words口头上 In a word, you are right. 42. in place of, in the place of in place of代替,in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one. 43. in secret, in the secret in secret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情,知道秘密,一般用作表语 My mother was in the secret from the beginning. 44. a girl, one girl a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box? 45. take a chair, take the chair take a chair相当于sit down坐下,take the chair开始开会 46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea go to sea当海员,出航,by sea乘船,由海路, by the sea在海边 go by sea 47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher the doctor and teacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师,the doctor and the teacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is 48. in office, in the office in office在职的,in the office在办公室里 He is in office, not out of office. 49. in bed, on the bed in bed卧在床上,on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed. 50. in charge of, in the charge of in charge of管理,负责照料, in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her. 51. in class, in the class in class在课上,in the class在班级里 He is the best student in the class. 52. on fire, on the fire on fire着火,on the fire在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire. 53. out of question, out of the question out of question毫无疑问的,out of the question不可能的 54. a second, the second a second又一,再一,the second第…… He won the second prize. 55. by day, by the day by day白天,by the day按天计算 The workers are paid by the day. 56. the people, a people the people指人,a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people. 57. it, one it同一物体,one同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one. 58. that, this that指代上文所提到的,this导出下文所要说的 I was ill. That"s why… 59. none, nothing, no one none强调有多少,nothing, no one强调有没有,nothing指物,no one指人 --- How many…/How much…? --- None. 60. anyone, any one anyone指人,不能接of,any one指人物均可,可接of any one of you 61. who, what who指姓名或关系,what指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher. 62. what, which what的选择基础是无限制的,which在一定范围内进行选择 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 63. other, another other后接名词复数,another后接名词单数 other students, another student 64. not a little, not a bit not a little非常,not a bit一点也不 I"m not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累. 65. many, much, a lot of many和可数名词连用,much和不可数名词连用,a lot of可数,不可数均可,但不用于否定句 I haven"t many books. 66. much more…than, many more…than much more…than后接形容词或不可数名词,many more…than后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful 67. no, not no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water 68. no more than, not more than no more than相当于only,仅仅,只有,not more than 至多,不超过 69. majority, most majority只能修饰可数名词,most可数不可数均可 the majority of people 70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself by oneself单独的,独自的,for oneself为自己,to oneself供自己用的,of oneself 自行的,自动的 The door opened of itself. 71. at all, after all at all根本,全然, after all到底,毕竟 After all he is a child. 72. tall, high tall常指人或动物,high常指物体 He is tall. 73. fast, quickly fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly 74. high, highly high具体的高,highly抽象的高,高度的 think highly of 75. healthy, healthful healthy健康的,健壮的,healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise 76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy sleeping正在睡觉,asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语,sleepy困的,有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I"m sleepy. 77. gold, golden gold指真金制品,golden指金色的,但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring 78. most, mostly most用于表感受的肯定句中,相当于very,当大部分,大多数解时是形容词或名词,mostly大部分,是副词 most people, the people are mostly… 79. just, very just表强调时是副词,作状语,very表强调时是形容词,用作定语 the very man, just the man 80. wide, broad wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离,broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders 81. real, true real真的,真实的,指的是事实上存在而不是想象的,true真的,真正的,指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story 82. respectful, respectable respectful尊敬,有礼貌,respectable可敬的,值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged 83. outwards, outward 二者均可用作副词,表示向外,外面,outward还可用作形容词 an outward voyage 84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing pleasant常用作定语,pleased, pleasing常用作表语,pleased主语常为人,pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing. 85. understanding, understandable understanding明白事理的,能体谅的,understandable 可理解的,能够懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake 86. close, closely close接近,靠近,closely紧紧地,紧密地 closely connected, stand close 87. ill, sick ill做表语,sick定,表均可 a sick boy 88. good, well good形容词,well副词,但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again. 89. quiet, silent, still quiet安静的,可以发出小的声音,silent不发出声音,但可以动,still完全不动,完全无声响 He stand there still. 他站在那儿,一动不动,也不说话. 90. hard, hardly hard努力,hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it. 91. able, capable able与不定式to do连用,capable与of连用 He is capable of doing… 92. almost, nearly 二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody 93. late, lately late迟,晚,lately最近,近来 I haven"t seen him lately. 94. living, alive, live, lively living, alive, live均为活着的,living定表均可,alive

1( )1 -Have you got some water to drink? -Here you are. There___ still some in the bottle. A. are B. were C. is D. was ( ) 2 ___ there many American friends in the school last Friday? A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were ( ) 3 There ____ a great many accidents last year. A. were B. are C. is D. was ( ) 4 -How many children ____ in the picture? -Three. A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there 2 ( ) 1 In 1850, about a third of U. S. A___ covered by forests. A. were B. has been C. / D. was ( ) 2 Most of our earth____ covered by water. A. are B. is C. was D. were ( ) 3 Sunday ____ the first day of the week. A. is B. are C. am D. be ( ) 4 Neither___right. A. answers are B. answers aren"t C. answer is D. answer isn"t 3 ( ) 1 The population of the world ____ still ____ now. A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown ( ) 2 There ____ many people running in the park every morning. A. is B. were C. are D. have ( ) 3 These police often___the children across the street. A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helping 4 ( ) 1 ___ going to England by air next week. A. The Green family are B. The Greens family are C. The Green"s family are D. Green family are ( ) 2 The whole family ____ enjoying the beautiful music now. A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all ( ) 3 Our class ___ big. A. is B. are C. were D. will 5 ( ) 1 Neither he nor I ____ from Canada. We are from Australia. A. is B. are C. am D. be ( ) 2 Either you or he ____ right. A. are B. is C. does D. were ( ) 3 Neither Mary nor her brother____ good at singing. A. is B. are C. is not D. are not ( ) 4 Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary ____ busy. A. is B. was C. are D. has 6 ( ) 1 Physics ___ interesting to us. A. are B. has C. is D. were ( ) 2 The news____ exciting. We got excited at it. A. is B. was C. were D. are ( ) 3 Though mathematics____ hard, we all work at it hard. A. are B. were C. was D. is 巩固练习1. Two thousand miles __________ (be) too far for us to travel over a short vacation. 2. The old in my country __________ (be) cared for by their children and grandchildren. 3. There __________ (be) a pair of trousers on the sofa. 4. Ten divided by two __________ (equal) five. 5. The Chinese people __________ (be) a great people. 6. Nobody but Tim and Tom __________ (be) in the room. 7. Li Fang like many girls __________ (like) dancing. 8. Every boy and every girl __________ (want) to go there. 9. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth __________ (be) sea. 10. All of the work __________ (be) finished. ( )1. The rich ______ not always happy. A. are B. is C. has D. have ( )2. The old woman, together with her two grandsons, ______ crossing the road. A. are B. is C. has D. have ( )3. This pair of trousers ______ Lucy"s. Your trousers ______ on your bed. A. is, are B. is, is C. are, are D. are, is ( )4. Ten kilometers ______ a very long way to go in a day. A. are B. has C. is D. have( )5. Climbing hills ______ better than having classes. A. are B. is C. was D. have ( )6. What he wanted to know _____ why they didn"t tell him. A.are B.was C. were D .is ( )7. Either you or he _____ to stay at home this afternoon. A. has B. have C. are D. is ( )8. Neither of the twins ______ bread. A. like B. likes C. liked D. is like ( )9. Fish and chips ______ my favorite food. A. is B. are C. has D. become ( )10. The singer and dancer ______ come to our city. A. are B. is C. have D. has ( )11. Three-fourths of the water ______ gone. A. is B. are C. have D. were ( )12. Everybody, men and women, young and old, ______ listening to the radio here. A. enjoys B. enjoy C. is enjoyed D. are enjoyed ( )13. Either Tom or Maria _____ sure to know the answer. A. are B. be C. is D. were ( )14. Neither you nor he ______ how to answer the question. A. know B. knows C. knowing D. to know ( )15. I as well as they ______ ready to help you. A. am B. are C. is D. be ( 16. The number of the students in the class___about forty. A. is B.are C. were D .have ( )17. Every hour and every minute ______ important. A. are B. be C. is D. were ( )18.Look! The Turner family ______ having supper under the tree in front of their house. A. is B. are C. like D. like ( )19. Not only the twins but also their father___the film. A. like B. likes C. liking D. is like ( )20. He is one of the children who____fond of playing football. A.is B.was C. were D. are应用性训练。 I.用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Neither the teacher nor the students __________ (have) enough time. 2. Most of the houses __________ (need) painting. 3. A person who has good friends __________ (enjoy) life more. 4. John, together with his family, __________ (be) flying to London. 5. Few of my family really __________ (understand) me.6.One third of the students_______(be) boys. 7.There______(be) twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 8.Many a students ________(have) this new dictionary. 9.Every man, woman and child _______(be) asked to contribute. 10.An old man or mature(成熟) woman_____(be) needed for this job. II. 选择填空。 1. There ___a lot of people at the street corner when the accident happened. A. Was B. were C. have been D. had 2. Neither she nor Dick and I _____interested in maths. A. Is B. are C. am D. be 3. Fish and chip___the most popular take-away food in England. A. Are B. is C. were D. was 4. How many students are there in your school ? ---___the students in our school ____over two thousand. A. The number of; of B The number of ; are C.A number of ; of D. A number of ;are 5. All my classmates, except Wu Lin,____ interested in singing English songs. A. Is B. am C.are D.be 6. Neither he nor I____from Canada. We awe from Australia. A. Is B. was C.am D.be 7. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25____Chritmas Day. A is B.was C.has been D.will be 8. He thinks that two moths ____quite a long time. A. is B.are C. be D. was 9. There ___a sports meeting in our school next week. A.will hold B. will have C. is going to be D. is going to hold 10. Are the twins on thee team ---No, neither of them___on the team. A.is B. Are C. were D.be 11. I"m going to do some shopping this Sunday.---So____. A. do B. will C. am I D.I am 12. What___ the popular of Canada? Do you think it will_____? A. is; become B. are; become C. are; grow D. is; grow 13. This pair of trousers____. A. is mine B. is my C. are my D. are mine 14. Even a child knows that ____are made of___. A. glasses; glass B.glass; glass C. glasses; glasses D. glass; glasses15. The number of pages in this book ____three hundred. A. is B. are C. has D.have 16. The Smiths ____China since the summer of 1993. A. has been to B. have been to C. has been in D. have been in 17. Not only the parents but also Mary ____ London .They will come back in five days. A.has been to B. have been to C. has gone to D. have gone to 18. In our country, the old ___taken good care of and the young___ well educated. A.is B. are C. has D. have 19. Each man and each woman____bring some water here. A. Has B. have C. has to D. have to 20. Every one except Tom and John_____ there then. A.is B. was C. are D.were 参考答案1. 1-4 C D A D 2. 1-4 D B A C 3. 1-3 C C A 4. 1-3 A D A 5. 1-4 C B A C 6. 1-3 C B D初中英语总复习专题(19)主谓一致答案 三、巩固练习： I. .用所给动词的适当形式填空：1.is 2. are 3. is 4. equals 5. are 6. are 7. likes 8. wants 9. is 10. is II.选择填空：1—5 ABACB 6—10 DABAD 11—15 AACBA 16—20 ACBBD 四、应用性训练。 I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. have 2. need 3. enjoys 4. is 5. understand6.is 7.are 8.has 9.was/is10.is II. 选择填空。1-5BBBAC 6-10CAACA 11-15CDAAA 16-20DCBCB

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Due to the continuous and discrete controller interact external physical environment,Therefore the law of data acquisition and random disturbance and user communication conflicts constantly.Heterogeneous control software design is a complex process that traditional heterogeneous controlTwo stage design strategy software can not meet the control system from system modeling softwareThe consistency of the program, in different platforms reuse and evolution. In this paperA layered heterogeneous control software field component modeling design method. componentThe software will be able to control the domain knowledge of isolated from platform, the partyAnd system modeling and design of the software, Will scheduling components from the computation functionSeparation of form, to control the whole, thus promoting modelAnd system implementation. This paper also introduces the design patterns "management support.To regulate component interaction between behavior and build hierarchical reconfigurable softA structure, improve the system model expansibility. "Management" for a given control componentSystem provides independent of execution platform solutions. Its design patternOnce the final implementation, members can in a quiescent state, thus for systemThe definition and implementation of large particle provide support. But, in the "management"A group of components under can be abstracted as the hierarchical structure model of high-level abstractions big grainDegree in support of the component members can be assembled.1 layered heterogeneous control software component, design pattern definition and descriptionThe definition and describe 1.1 componentsObject-oriented design methodology through object abstraction, layered structure and methodsCall up to limit the complexity of the system Cl. Due to a group of objects can often coordinationFinish the coherent function, middleware design methodology advocate one or more objectsEncapsulation make up "service", and "service" for the system integration. Facing toLike the design methodology and design methodology of main middleware interactive mechanism is directlyThe flow of control from one object to another object method invocation, emphasize the departmentSeries is decomposed into component composition, but the correctness of the component integrated depends on individual designersAbility. This component description methods will ask interaction abstract componentDifferent interactive model, based on the interaction model describing the function of independent componentsInteractive mode.The traditional software engineering will component is defined as a unit, only in the executionThe component can determine the release and integration. In the heterogeneous control software field, componentIs produced by the data input data output series until the parametric behaviorOutfit. Whether a heterogeneous control component depends on whether it has internal state, severalAccording to the data input output asked the definition of communication through I = 1. End I = 1 and participationThe number of components is I = 1, But the end I = 1 does not like the object-oriented design methodologyAs a return to have a call. Generally, a component does not need references to otherComponent to define the local activities.Form, a component is a collection of c (P, T, D), including:(1) the VI collection P. The description, Type VI init), including the goods of C1 P,Type Type, initialization, this paper requires all initEType value must be the name V1The only. The assumption PEPorts VI Type, use symbols that Type of P,.Init] says initialization of P. All data communication of internal components are neededThrough the ports. A: I was the one share in global namespace is uniqueStereotype variables. Port use global namespace is mainly for the abstract conceptThe definition of simplified components, not realizing that the component must be Shared storageFund project: yunnan high-tech innovation talents funded project, Yunnan provincial department of educationYoung teachers" scientific research funded project (5Y0676D), Kunming polytechnic school fundsEye (2006-10),Zhang jing: the cone interface (1974), male, professor, doctoral students, the research direction:Real-time control software, software engineering, ZhangYunSheng, professor, tutor, To phoenix red,Professors, dr

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