the proposal was rejected

The proposal that w

也包含定语从句吧，the proposal是主语，was 是谓语，它们之间的是the proposal的谓语

proposal后的同位语从句是虚拟语气,should+动词原形,因此选A

由于官僚主义,这一建议未能被采纳.[原译】

agreed

gfch

A,现在正在，被动，非谓语

A 主语是被动的

　　1.the new drng will not be....(until)....　　2.it was because og his good ...(that)...　　3.our company ...(another)..　　4.according to the ....(leaves)....　　5.althoug she is only ....(mature)...　　6.the proposal ...(being discussed)...　　7.when he patted...(casual)..　　8.there is no ....(that)...　　9.it is reasonable for ...(to)...　　10.the weather forecast ..(persist)..　　填空题 (改形式）　　1.pay--payment　　2.interview--were interviewed　　3.It is (be)---be　　4.conduct--conducted　　5.If I (be)--were　　6.responsible--responsibility　　7.injure--injured　　8.accept--to accept　　9.quick--quickly　　阅读　　1.college is a place to explore many possibilites (文章开头句）　　1)we need to plan ....(better organizeour...)　　2)strategic time are ...(study efficiently)　　3)which of the following could be ...(any activities we"re...)　　4)what can help us to keep ...(taking a short napin...)　　5)which of the following could...(study habits andy time...)　　2.welcome to our small business set-up guide (文章开头句）　　1)this guide is in tended...(start a new small...)　　2)what are most unportant for ...(determination...)　　3)what does the word ...(advise before hand...)　　4)what kind of businesses are ...(those with fener...)　　5)more information about ...(link to other relevant...)　　阅读填空　　1.how to write contact details in your CT? (文章开头句）　　top of page (print)...　　to be included 1.(address) 2.(email)　　not to be included 1.(personal information) such as...　　2.(include a photograph) unless it is ..　　阅读问答　　1. sale contract （文章标题）　　1)what is the brand of the apple jam?　　答案： Great Wall brand　　2)what is the total value of the contract?　　答案： US 3000　　3)when will the goods be shipped?　　答案： august 2009　　4)what are the ecrms of...?　　答案： by letter of cred it　　需记词组　　cash against 交货付款 cash price现金价格　　advice of到货通知书 sales contract销售合同　　port of arrival到达港 supply agreement供货合同　　late payment逾期付款 note of claim索赔通知　　trade agreement贸易协定 letter of credit信用证　　fixed price固定价格 prompt shipment即期装运　　翻译　　1.when exporting goods it is ...　　答案： 为了促进货物出口，减少货物的丢失或者损坏，必须发展保险业　　2.if we do not rective payment...　　答案： 如果本月底我们还收不到订货，我们就不的不采取其他办法了　　3.party B has the ....　　答案： 乙方有义务在下述情况下，有权拒绝接受甲方书写的合同　　4.I have already given....　　回答者： ﹎｜m薶゛ - 三级 2010-6-19 17:09　　选择题：　　1：B.(until） 2：A.（that） 3:C.(another)　　4:C.(leaves) 5:D.(mature) 6:A.(being discussed) 7:C.(casual) 8:B.(that)　　9:D(to) 10:B(persist)　　填空：　　1:payment 2:were interviewed　　3:be 4:conducted　　5:were 6:responsibility　　7:injured 8:to acceept　　9:quickly　　阅读理解：　　（一）　　1:B(better organizide our activities)　　2:C(study efficiently)　　3:B(Any activities we"re eager to do)　　4:B(Taking a short nap in the afternoon)　　5:A(Study Habits and time Management)　　(二)　　1：B(Start a new small business)　　2:D(Determination and originality)　　3:C(Advise beforehand)　　4:A(Those with fewer than 50 employees)　　5:B(Linking to other relevant articles)　　(三)　　这题答案文章中都可以找到的，自己找啊　　搭配题（汉译英）：　　1.现金价格：E(cash price)　　2：销售合同：D(salses contract)　　3:到达港：J（port of arrival）　　4：供货合同：A(supply agreement)　　5:逾期付款：H(Late payment)　　6：索赔通知:P(Note of claim)　　7：贸易协定：B(Trade agreement)　　8：信用证：M(Letter of credit)　　9：固定价格：G(Fixed price)　　10：即期装运：K(Prompt shipment)　　翻译（选择正确答案）：　　1：BCD 2:AB 3:ACD 4:ABC　　作文：介绍产品　　回答者： 220.249.101.* 2010-6-19 18:13　　一：选择题　　1. The new drug will not be put on the market ＿B＿＿＿＿＿＿it has proved sage on humans .　　A. if B. until C .since D when　　2.It was because of his good performance at the interview＿　　＿C＿＿he got the job with the big company.　　A. so B. what C. .that D. while　　3.Our company is visitors decided to stay in our city for＿C＿＿＿two days as they wanted to have a look around.　　A. oter B .the other C, another D. other"s　　4.According to the time table, the rain for Beijing ＿C＿＿＿at 9:10pm.from Monday to Friday .　　A. was leaving B. is leaving C. leaves D. has left　　5.Although she is only 14,she looks like a　　＿D＿＿woman, beautiful and full in figure.　　A. ripe B. grown C. big D. mature　　6.The proposal ＿＿＿＿＿at the meeting now is of great importance department.　　A. being discussed B. to be discussing C. having discussed D. discussing　　7:C.(casual)　　8.When he patted her on the shoulder, she was very upset at his ＿B＿＿＿style.　　A. where B. that C. which D. how　　9:D(to)　　10..It is reasonable for people to pursue a career in frelds related＿B＿＿＿＿there favorite hobbies.　　A. pleserve B. pelsrst C. insist D. endure　　二．填空题　　1.Nowadays，electronic （pay） ＿payment＿＿＿＿＿in a more convenment way to pay for purchase than cash and checks.　　2.Most of the high school students who （interview）＿were ＿interviewed＿＿＿＿yesterday believed that they should continue with then education.　　3.It is important that he＿＿was＿＿＿＿ （be）called back ……　　4.According to the survey (conduct)＿conducted＿＿＿＿＿＿recently ,52% of American business people booked then business travel online last year .　　5.If I (be)＿were＿＿＿＿ you ,I will study hard.　　6.It is the (responsible)＿responsibility＿＿of the human resources department to employ new staff members.　　7.It was reported that the (injure)＿injured＿＿＿＿people were taken to the hospital immediately after the accident.　　8.The bank refused (accept)＿＿to accept＿＿＿＿＿＿my application for the loan because they weren"t convinced by my business plan .　　9.It is important to realize how（quick）＿quickly＿＿＿＿＿this disease can spread over the globe.　　三.阅读理解。　　1.（内容：只是一点内容，文章的第一句）College is a place to explorer many possibilities，you really can"t do it all ----unless you manage your time wisely……………………………………………….　　（问题）（1）.We need to plan ahead in order to＿＿B＿＿＿＿＿＿？　　B. better organize our activities　　（2）Strategic times are best for to？ C　　C．study sfficiently　　（3）Which of the following could be used as a motivation to do our assignments ？ B　　B．Any activities we"re eager to do　　4:B(Taking a short nap in the afternoon)　　(5).Which of the following could be the best little for the article ? A　　A.Study Habits and Time Management.　　二　　Welcome to our small business set－up guide,providing all the information you…….　　1. This guide is intended to help people to ＿＿………　　答案：start a nem small business.（下同）　　2. What are most important for a business to surrive?　　Determination and orginality.　　3. What does the word “forewarn”mean?　　Advise beforehand.　　4. What kind of businesses are regard as “small”in the UK?　　Those with fevrer than 50 empcoyees.　　5. More information about how to start a small………　　Linking to other relevant articles.　　3. 阅读理解 三　　How to write contact details in your CV?　　Print your name in lage letters……………　　Top of page:　　(Print) your name inlarge letters　　To be in cluded:1.(address) 2.(email) 3.mobile phone number　　Not to be included:1.(personal information),such as......　　2.(Include a photograph)unless it is requested.　　5. 五　　Sale contract　　No:SC～3　　Done and signed in Beijing on this 4th day...　　1. What is the brand of the Apple Jam?　　答案：Great wall Brand(下同)　　2. What is the total value of the contract?　　Us ＄30.00.　　3. When will the goods be shipped?　　Auyust 2009.　　4. What are the terms of payment?　　By letter of credit.　　5. Where are the goods to be sent to?　　Vancouver Canada.　　翻译题.　　Trade agreement贸易协定　　Cash price现金价格　　Sales contract销售合同　　Port of arvival …..到达港　　Supply agreement供货合同　　Late panyment逾期付款　　Note of claim索赔通知　　Letter of credit信用证　　Fixed price固定价格　　Prompt shipment即期转运　　翻译句子　　1. When exporting goods,it is essential to arrange in surance cover in case the goods are lost or damaged in transit.　　当出口商品,它是必要的安排在surance盖万一货物在运输途中丢失或损坏。　　2. If we do not receive payment by the end of this month, we will have no alternative but to take legal action.　　如果我们没有收到付款到这个月底,我们将别无选择只好采取法律行动。　　3. Party B has the right to cancel the contract with a written notice to party Aunder the following conditions.　　乙方有权解除合同,一份书面通知乙方有下列情形Aunder　　4. I have already given instructions for the tash to be taken up firit.　　我已经给予了说明,对tash firit挪开。　　作文句型（应该为写信形式的作文，注意写信的格式）　　1. This is to introduce that……　　2. We have great pleasure in introducing to you,by this letter,Ms/Miss/Ms……..　　3. Thsnk you fou the trouble you will have to take for…….　　4. We are writing to introduce that……..　　5. I am looking for ward to hearing frow you soon ………　　6. yours sincerely.　　B　　一、选择题(hunnans为最后一个单词 以此类推)　　1、hunnans—(b)、until 2、compam—(a)、that 3、arumd—(c)、another 4、fridy—(c)、leaves 5、fignre—(d)、mature 6、deoaetment—(a)、being discussed　　7、style—(c)、casual 8mueder—(b)、that 9、hobbies—(d)、to 10、up—(b)、persist　　二、填空题　　1、payment 2、were interviewed 3、be(called) 4、conducted 5、were (you) 6、responsibility　　7、injured 8、to accept 9. Visiting 10、quickly　　三、阅读理解(下面abcd前面的是题目)　　（一）、　　1、order to ~~~~b、better organize our activities　　2、us to~~~~c、study efficiently　　3、ussigments~~~b、any activities we"re eager to do　　4、the day~~~b、taking a short nap in the afternoon　　5、this artide~~~a、study habits and time management　　(二)、　　1、people to~~~b、start a new small business　　2、to survive~~~d、determination and originality　　3、”forewarm” mean~~~c、advise beforehand　　4、small” in the uk~~~a、those with fewer than 50 employees　　5、available by~~~b、linking to other relevant articles　　这一题答案 试卷上文章里都可容易找到 就不写答案了　　（五）、（括号为题目）　　1、 (Apply jam~~~~~) Great Wall Brand　　2、 (the ontract~~~) $30000　　3、 （be shipped~~~）Angust 2009　　4、 (of payment~~~) By Letter of Gredit　　5、 (be sent to~~~) Vancouver Canada　　四、汉译英　　1、e、cash price (现金价格)　　2、d、sales contract (销售合同)　　3、j、port of arrival (到达港)　　4、a、supply agreement (供货合同)　　5、h、late payment (逾期付款)　　6、p、note of claim (索赔通知)　　7、b、trade agreement (贸易协定)　　8、m、letter of credit (信用证)　　9、g、fixed price (固定价格)　　10、k、prompt shipment (即期装运)　　五、翻译 选择正确选项（我下面给的答案中随意选一个，括号里的为错误选项内容）　　1、bcd、（为了促进货物出口，减少货物的丢失或者损坏，必须发展保险业。）　　2、ab、（如果本月底我们还收不到订货，我们就不得不采取其他办法了。/如果本月底我们还收不到订货，我们就不得拒绝付款。）　　3、acd、(乙方有义务在下述情况下有权拒绝接受甲方书写的合同。　　4、abc、（我已做了解释，首先必须有工程师同意加班工作才能有可能来完成这项工作。　　六、作文题　　可用到的单词和句型　　完全地 completely 节能空调 air-conditioning 市场调查 market research 成立 found　　导致 lead to　　技术性发展 technical development 市场战略 marketing strategy　　有限公司 limited company　　雇员 employee 销售市场 sales market 主要产品 main product　　This is to introduce that……..　　We have great pleasure in introducing to you, by this letter, mr./miss/ms……….　　We are writing to introduce that……..　　I am looking forward to hearing form you soon　　Your sincerely　　A卷 1--5BDBCC 6--10 ADBBC　　11 More than five Thousands 12 Do physical Sports 13 Work pressure 14 Maintenance 15 Medical Insurance　　16--20 BACCD 21--25DBCDC　　26.quickly 27. less 28. interesting 29 .lost 30. performance 31. was equipped 32. writing 33. have become 34. wonderful 35. were　　36--40CBBBA 41--45BBCDD　　46. the college 47 .various activities 48. communication 49. full--time 50. Student Advising Office　　51. OF 52. IL 53. GB 54. DC 55. EA　　56 .account 57. free 58. twelve 59. close inactive 60. start using　　61--64BCCA　　参考资料： 都在这里了

A,当but ,except 前有do的某种形式时后面不带to.若没有则带to .

D 省略了should 表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成.而且should可以省去.用于此结构的动词有：advise,direct,agree,ask,demand,decide,desire,insist,order,prefer,propose,request,suggest等.

在团队会议中听取提议。

C. ofwhich本句为非限制性定语从句。帮助残疾人的建议已产生了积极的反响，其中的影响对于青少年来说将会更加持久。本句的先行词是 reaction, 而先行词在定语从句中作the impact of的介词宾语，the impact和前面的句子是一种所属关系，即这件事情的影响。非限制性定语从句中可以把the +n+of+which提到句首，故选C ofwhich

因为是一个结构 the more ，the more就是前后都放比较级，意思是越怎样就越越怎样现在carefully要变成比较级当然用more修饰啦much carefully是什么意思。。。。这种结构不存在。

A.

http://www.gougou.com/search?search=The%20proposal&restype=-1&sortby=6&suffix=&id=10000000&f=0&ty=0&pattern=0&al=&m=0&st=-1&imask=1自己下吧

状语成分无疑。

选B

电影天堂的，中英字幕，也比较清晰http://so.dy2018.com/plus/search.php?kwtype=0&keyword=The%20Proposal

歌名:Monday-Tuesday-Wednesday歌手:Newz梦见 有天使出现她预言 分手这里现在升天感觉一阵晕眩 hou~梦会不会实现马上约你逛街 为你买十克拉钻戒再多也无怨言(心甘情愿)或在人群里面向你求婚100遍baby baby 把你留在我的身边Monday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~舍不得有你的感觉Monday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~预言请别实现(Rap~)天使 给我预言 噢哦 分手还有三天向你求婚100遍 baby把你留在我身边梦见 有天使出现她预言 分手这里现在升天感觉一阵晕眩 wow~梦会不会实现马上约你逛街 为你买十克拉钻戒再多也无怨言(心甘情愿)或在人群里面向你求婚100遍baby baby要你永远在我身边Monday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~舍不得有你的感觉Monday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~预言请别实现到星期三午夜十二点你还睡在胸前 此刻我才发现原来我多么喜欢每一次疼爱你的感觉Monday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~舍不得有你的感觉Monday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~预言别实现Monday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~舍不得 的感觉Monday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~预言不会实现Monday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~Monday next day will be TuesdayMonday next day will be Tuesdaycoming is the Wednesday yeah~Monday yesterday was TuesdayToday come to Wednesdayhttp://music.baidu.com/song/8529785

　　名词性定语从句例句 1 　　一．主语从句 　　1、Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. 　　2、Why he left so abruptly is not known to any of us. 　　3、When he"ll be back depends much on the weather. 　　4、Whether she comes or not doesn"t concern me. 　　5、Wherever he once lived is well preserved. 　　6、It is natural that they should have different views. 　　7、It was quite plain that she didn"t want come. 　　8、It"s a pity that he can"t swim. 　　9、It was a fearful disappointment to your mother that you didn"t come yesterday. 　　10、It happened that she wasn"t in that day. 　　11、It struck me that we ought to make a new plan. 　　12、It was rumored that he was suffering from a tone in the kidney. 　　13、It is estimated that 25 million school lunches are sold each day. 　　14、Where I spend my summer is none of your business . 　　15、It"s doubtful whether the payment is legal. 　　16、It was a question whether he should get married. 　　17、What the professor said is of great importance. 　　18、Whoever break the rules will be punished. 　　19、Who killed the scientist remains a question. 　　20、It doesn"t matter whether she will come or not. 　　二．宾语从句 　　1、 We never doubt that he is honest. 　　2、 I can"t imagine what made him act like that. 　　3、 Nobody can tell when she will arrive. 　　4、 Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say. 　　5、 You must give it back to whoever it belongs to. 　　6、 I"ve heard that you"ve won a scholarship. 　　7、 I feel it a terrible thing that my mother should have to toil so endlessly. 　　8、 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 　　9、 He told me that he was preparing for the English test. 　　10、Our teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 　　11、Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo? 　　12、The doctor insists that I give up smoking. 　　13、She remember nothing about him except that his hair is black. 　　14、I suggest that they shouldn"t drive along the coast. 　　15、Have you found out how wide the ditch was? 　　16、Tomorrow at this time we will know who is elected? 　　17、Everybody knows that money doesn"t grow on tree. 　　18、The villager didn"t realize how serious the pollution was until the fish in the river died. 　　19、She said that she would come to the meeting. 　　20、The book will tell you what the best CEO should do. 　　三．表语从句 　　1、The fact is that he didn"t notice the car until too late. 　　2、The mystery is whether he ever went there at all. 　　3、The question is why he likes the place so much. 　　4、The problem is not who will go but who will stay. 　　5、Your brother"s health is not what it used to be. 　　6、The question is whether they will b able to help us. 　　7、His suggestions is that we should stay calm. 　　8、It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 　　9、He looked just as he had looked ten years ago. 　　10、That is because he didn"t understand me. 　　11、That is why he got angry with me. 　　12、The problem is who we can get to replace her. 　　13、The trouble is that I lost her address. 　　14、The questions is whether we can rely on him. 　　15、That is because we are in need of money at that time. 　　16、He looked as if he was going to cry. 　　17、The reason why he has to go is the his mother is ill in bed. 　　18、The questions is whether it is worth doing. 　　19、The mountain is no longer what is used to be. 　　20、The questions is what caused the accident. 　　四．同位语从句 　　1、They had to face the fact that the nea 　　rest filling station is 30 miles away. 　　2、Have you any idea how soon they are coming? 　　3、Obviously there was little probability that they would succeed, but they didn"t mind. 　　4、The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 　　5、There is a feeling in me that it is going to rain. 　　6、The proposal has been put forward that the flight should be cancelled. 　　7、The government gave an order that all the house should be pulled down in three weeks. 　　8、We haven"t settled down the question where we are going to spend our summer vocation. 　　9、There is no doubt that he will keep his promise. 　　10、Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldn"t spend too much time online. 　　11、The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. 　　12、I"ve come to the conclusion that it was unwise to do that. 　　13、They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 　　14、The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result. 　　15、The rumor spread that a new school would be built here. 　　16、The questions who should do the work require consideration. 　　17、The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 　　18、The news that oil price will go down is untrue. 　　19、The question why so many animals died suddenly in that area remains unsettled. 　　20、We have no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is impossible. 　　名词性定语从句例句 2 　　that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。 　　一、that指代某物事时 　　1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如： 　　（1）We"ll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals. 　　我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。 　　(2) There is much that I wan to tell you. 　　我有很多想要告诉你的话。 　　(3) Is there anything that I can do for you? 　　有什么我可以帮你的吗？ 　　2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如： 　　(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library. 　　在我们图书馆，你可以借任何你想读的书。 　　3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： 　　（5）This is the most beautiful city that I"ve ever seen. 　　这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。 　　4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如： 　　（6）This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday. 　　这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。 　　（7）This is the only painting in this style that we have. 　　这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。 　　5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如： 　　（8）He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him. 　　6. 先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如： 　　（9）This is the same purse that I lost yesterday. 　　这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。 　　注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如： 　　（10）This is the same purse as I lost yesterday. 　　这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。 　　7. 先行词为数词时。 　　（11）Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday. 　　瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。 　　8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如： 　　（12）They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen. 　　他们建了一工厂，生产以前从未见过的东西。 　　9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。 　　（13）Which is the bus that you will take? 　　你要乘的是哪一班车？ 　　10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如： 　　（14）My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be. 　　我的`家乡再也不是以前那个样子了。 　　11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如： 　　（15）This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been. 　　这是有史以来最快的列车。 　　二、that 指代某人时。 　　1. 泛指某人时。如： 　　（16）He is a man that is never at a loss. 　　他是一个从未一筹莫展的人。 　　2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复时。如： 　　（17）Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster? 　　和我们校长说话的那人是谁？ 　　3. 先行词前有the same时。如： 　　（18）This is the same man that gave us a talk last year. 　　这和去年给我们作报告的是同一人。 　　4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如： 　　（19）He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago. 　　他变了。他再也不是10年前的他了。 　　另外，that也可用作关系副词，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时，可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如： 　　（20）I"ll never forget the day (that) I joined the League. 　　我永远不会忘记我入团的那一天。 　　（21）Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting? 　　这就是他们开会迟到的原因吗？ 　　（22）We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic. 　　我们想找一个我们能野餐的地方。 　　（23）This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling. 　　这是我第一次到国外去旅游。 　　（注：先行词是time,前面有序数词或last修饰时，常用that引导定语从句或者省略。） 　　当先行词为表示方式的词the way时，可用that引导定语从句, that常可以省略。 　　（24）I don"t the way you speak to her. 　　我不喜欢你和她说话那种方式。

on

The proposal was one of the better romantic comedies I"ve seen. Sandra Bullock can pull off any role imaginable. Ryan Reynolds has always proved to be very humorous and the two actors were a very good match for this film. Sandra Bullock plays the harsh boss of an editing firm while Ryan Reynolds plays the "bitch" secretary.Sandra Learns that she is being deported back to Canada therefore won"t be able to work for a US company anymore. Thus, she gets the idea to be "engaged" to Ryan Reynolds so that she can remain in the country. Since she threatened his career, he agreed to marry her so that she could become a citizen of the US and then quickly get a divorce.The comedy in this movie is so much better than some of the films the two have been in such as "Just Friends" (Ryan Reynolds) and "All About Steve" (Sandra Bullock). Betty White is also in this movie and plays the sweet and dim-witted grandmother which truly adds to the movie. Also the fact that the two travel to Alaska for the weekend provides the movie with beautiful scenery and even a tad bit of action. It is a must see "chick flick" and perfect for a date night.

选A吧 ，评语感

这句是强调句，可以把Is that先去掉，这句就成了the reason_________you are in favour of the proposal分析句子结构you are in favour of the proposal是一个完整的句子，所以缺少个状语，the reason__why_______可以当原因状语

对于这个建议是否可行持怀疑态度

提案英文：proposal。proposal：（n.）提议；建议；计划；提案；求婚；提出。短语搭配：1、介绍提案：introduce a draft resolution;introduce a draft resolution。2、同意提案：agree to a proposal。3、反对提案：oppose a proposal。4、否决提案：veto a proposal。双语例句：1、我们将请代表们审议这一提案。We will submit the proposal to the deputies for deliberation.2、全体成员对提案进行了表决。The membership voted on the proposition/motion.3、这项提案招来很多批评。The proposal called forth a great deal of criticism.4、这项提案因为赞成和反对的票数相等而未获通过。The proposal lost by a tie vote.

【答案】：B根据空格后的“at the meeting now”可知此处应为现在进行时，又因“建议”应该“被讨论”。所以只能选B。

【答案】：B考查动词。题干：提案得到了多数成员的认可。画线单词endorse意为“签署，赞同，认可”。选项reiect意为“拒绝，排斥”，approve意为“批准，赞成”，submit意为“使服从，提交”，consider意为“考虑，认为”。endorse与approve在语义上接近，所以正确答案为B。

提议以微弱之优势被采用

madetheproposal提出建议与giveadvice等等一样，后面应该用should+v原的虚拟语气，should可以省略，故用have满意请采纳

这句是强调句，可以把isthat先去掉，这句就成了thereason_________youareinfavouroftheproposal分析句子结构youareinfavouroftheproposal是一个完整的句子，所以缺少个状语，thereason__why_______可以当原因状语

【答案】：C【答案】c【解析】severely“严厉地”；warmly“热情地”;forcefully“强有力地”；heavily“严重地，剧烈地”。根据句子的意思，只有C适合。

表示义务时：shall表义务，用于第二、第三人称；should表示义务或责任，一般意为“应该”：可用于各种句式，通常指将来。2. 表示承诺时：shall表许诺，用于第二、第三人称，用于肯定句和否定句；should表示义务或责任，一般意为“应该”：可用于各种句式，通常指将来。3. 征询意见时：shall表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句中；Should表征询意见，常用于第一人称，表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。扩展资料一.Shall的用法1. shall表义务，用于第二、第三人称。如：You shall do as you see me do.你照我的样子办。【注意】shall有时在从句中相当于must。如：It has been decided that the proposal shall not be opposed.已经决定不得反对这项提议。2. shall表许诺，用于第二、第三人称，用于肯定句和否定句。如：Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. 告诉他这本书明天给他。She shall get her share.她可以得到她的一份。3. shall表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，如：Shall we begin our lesson? 我们能开始讲课了吗？When shall he be able to leave the hospital?什么时候他能出院呢？4.shall表示命令，警告、威胁、规定、必然性等，主要用于第二、三人称肯定句中，如：You shall fail if you don"t work harder. 如果你不努力工作，你将会失败（警告）You shall suffer for this. 你会为此事吃苦头的。(表威胁)Persons under 18 shall not be employed in night work．不满十八岁的人不得雇佣干夜间工作。(表规定)That day shall come．那一天一定会来。(表必然性)5.Shall表示决心,一般用于第一人称肯定句中，如：I shall return. 我一定回来。(表示决心)二.Should的用法：1.Should表征询意见，常用于第一人称，表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气，如：Should I open the window? 我可以开窗户吗？should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做。2.should表示义务或责任，一般意为“应该”：可用于各种句式，通常指将来，如：You should do what your parents tell you.你应该照你父母的话去做事。也可指现在，如：You shouldn"t feel so unhappy over suchtrifles.对这种小事，你不应该感到这么不高兴。3.Should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是ought to；在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to。如：You should go to class right away.你应该立刻去教室You should go and ask your teacher. 你应该去问问老师。4.should 表示推断，意为“应该”、“可能”，暗含很大的可能，如：It"s 4:30. They should be in New York by now.现在是四点半，他们应该到达纽约了。【注】should表示推断时，语气较肯定，通常是指非常可能的事(因为暗示有一定的事实依据或合乎常理)，而may, might, could等表示推测时，则语气较不肯定，尤其是might, could。5.Should的含义较多，用法较活，现介绍一下特殊用法1）用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能。相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语由should加动词原形构成，主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气。例：Ask her to ring me up if you should see her. 你万一见到她，请让她给我打个电话。2）在that引导的从句中，should也可表惋惜、忧虑、欢乐、惊讶等感情色彩。例：I"m sorry that you should think so badly of me.你竟把我想得这样坏，我感到遗憾。It is absurd that such things should happen to a family like theirs.真可笑，这种事竟发生在他们那样的家庭中。3）Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。例：Why shouldn"t you invite him?为什么你不邀请他？How should I know? — 我怎么会知道呢？I don"t see why we shouldn"t make friends.我不明白为什么我们竟不能成为朋友。4）“should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务，表示应该做到而实际上没有做到，并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。例：I should have helped her, but I never could.我本应该帮助她的，但我不能You should have started earlier.你本应该早一点开始的。

made the proposal 提出建议 与give advice等等一样,后面应该用should+v原的虚拟语气,should可以省略,故用have

C:why---------常见搭配

●赞成 　　赞成。 　　I agree. *比较生硬的说法。 　　I think it"s very important. (我认为这个问题很重要。) 　　I agree. (我同意。) 　　I agree with that. 　　I"m with you. *“对，对”、“很好嘛”、“我赞成”、“OK”。 　　I"m for it. 　　I don"t agree. (我反对。) 　　我也这样认为。 　　I think so, too. *更口语的说法。 　　Tokyo is too expensive. (东京的物价太贵。) 　　I think so, too. (我也这样认为。) 　　好哇! 　　Anything you say! 　　Let"s see a movie. (我们去看电影吧。) 　　Anything you say! (好哇!) 　　I"m with you. 　　Okay, let"s. 　　You"re in charge. 　　You"re the boss. 　　I agree with you. 　　没有异议。 　　No objection! 　　我不反对。 　　I don"t have any objection to it. *objection “异议”、“反对”、“不服从”、“反对理由”。 　　What do you think of my proposal? (你觉得我的建议怎么样?) 　　I don"t have any objection to it. (我不反对。) 　　I have no objection to it. 　　I don"t object to it. 　　No problem here. 　　Sounds alright to me. 　　我觉得那样很好。 　　That"s fine with me. 　　How"s tomorrow? (明天怎么样?) 　　That"s fine with me. (我没问题。) 　　That sounds good. 　　Sounds like a good idea to me. 　　很好! 　　Fine. *这是种常用的表达方式，表示带有“无可挑剔的”、“不错的”、“好的”等语感。 　　How was the proposal? (这个建议怎么样?) 　　Fine. (很好!) 　　How"s everything? (一切都好吗?) 　　Fine. (很好呀!) 　　Good. 　　It"s acceptable. 　　Okay. 　　那就行了。 　　That"s fair. *用于听到对方给予妥协性的回答时，就对方的意见或行为作出答复，含有“这样才公平、公正”的语气。 　　How does that sound? (那样行吗?) 　　That"s fair. (那就行了。) 　　Fair enough. 　　我也有同样感觉。 　　You can say that again. *表示“我的看法和你完全一致”，带有同情的语感。 　　That meeting was awful. (那个会开得真糟糕。) 　　You can say that again. (我也有同样感觉。) 　　I"ll say. 　　Definitely. 　　好像挺有意思。 　　Sounds like fun. *接受别人的邀请或建议时。 　　Let"s go out! (我们出去玩吧。) 　　Sounds like fun. (那一定很有意思。) 　　当然!/一定! 　　You bet! *完全赞成对方所说的事的语气。 　　Did you study for the test? (快考试了，你准备了吗?) 　　You bet. (当然!/一定!) 　　That is for sure. 　　You know it. 　　I"d bet on it. 　　You can bet on it. 　　Bet on it. 　　Of course. 　　It goes without saying. 　　That goes without saying. 　　You betcha. *俚语。 　　你是反对还是赞成他的主意? 　　Are you for or against his idea? 　　好! 　　Good. *用来向对方表达愉快、批准、同意、满意等心情。 　　How is it? (这个怎么样?) 　　Good. (好!) 　　It"s good. 　　太棒了! 　　Great! *比good更要强烈地表示“吃惊的、终于可以松一口气的心情”，还带有“得意洋洋”、“心满意足”的语感。 　　The boss approved my proposal. (老板同意了我的建议。) 　　Great! (太棒了!) 　　That"s great! 　　好主意。 　　Good idea. 　　Let"s do this part first. (我们先做这部分吧!) 　　Good idea. (好主意。) 　　Good thinking. 　　Bad idea. (馊主意。) 　　你说的有一部分是对的。 　　What you say is partly right. *partly “部分的”。 　　Don"t you agree? (你同意吗?) 　　What you say is partly right. (你说的有一部分是对的。) 　　You are partially correct. 　　I agree with you partially. (我部分同意。) 　　●反对 　　我反对。 　　I don"t agree. *比I can"t agree.的语气还要强烈，给人一种直接反对的印象。 　　I know I"m correct. (我认为我是正确的。) 　　I don"t agree. (我不这样认为。) 　　I don"t agree with that. 　　I don"t agree with you. 　　I agree. (同意。) 　　我不能同意。 　　I can"t agree. *“我不能同意你的意见”，比较礼貌的说法。 　　All politicians are liars. (所有的政治家都是骗子。) 　　I can"t agree. (我不能同意。) 　　I can"t agree with that. 　　I can"t agree with you. 　　我怀疑。 　　I doubt it. 　　Do you think it"s true? (你觉得那是真的吗?) 　　I doubt it. (我怀疑。) 　　I don"t think so. 　　It"s not likely to happen. (才不会发生呢!) 　　我反对。 　　Objection! 　　We found out that he wasn"t there. (我们发现他没有在那儿。) 　　Objection! (我反对。) 　　I object! 　　你不是这么说的。 　　That"s not what you said. 　　You didn"t say that. 　　我无法相信。 　　I can"t buy that! *buy 除了“买”以外，还有“相信”、“承认”的意思。 　　I"m telling the truth. (我说的都是真的。) 　　I can"t buy that! (我无法相信。) 　　That doesn"t make sense. (那不合乎道理。) 　　That"s ridiculous! (那太荒谬了。) 　　I refuse to believe that. (我不敢相信。) 　　馊主意。 　　Bad idea. *用于不同意对方的提议时。 　　Let"s cheat. (我们糊弄一回吧。) 　　Bad idea. (馊主意。) 　　That"s a bad idea. 　　That"s not a good idea. 　　Not a good idea. 　　Good. (好哇。) 　　那可不好哦! 　　No good. *用于否定对方的意图、打算、计划时。是“那样不好”、“不行”的意思。这种表达方式让人觉得说话人有与对方不同的主意。 　　How is it? (怎么样?) 　　No good. (那可不好哦!) 　　That"s no good. 　　Good. (那很好。) 　　算了吧! 　　Let"s not. *否定、拒绝对方的提议、定义、暗示。 　　Let"s go drinking. (我们去喝酒吧!) 　　Let"s not. (算了吧!) 　　那怎么可能。 　　That"s impossible. *很有把握时。 　　He"s guilty. (他有罪。) 　　That"s impossible. (那怎么可能。) 　　Impossible. 　　That can"t be. 　　那完全是胡说八道。 　　That"s absolute nonsense. 　　I saw you steal the money. (我看见你偷人家钱了。) 　　That"s absolute nonsense. (那完全是胡说八道。) 　　Don"t be so unreasonable. (别那么不讲道理。) 　　That"s out of the question. (那根本不可能。) 　　That"s quite impossible. (那根本不可能。)

英国的英语有三种形式：1.Britain；2. England；3. the United Kingdom。 扩展资料 　　1.Britain 　　例句示范： 　　Henceforward France and Britain had a common interest. 自此法国和英国有了共同的利益。 　　Britain and Argentina reopened diplomatic relations.英国和阿根廷重新建立了外交关系。 　　Britain and France have expressed some disagreement with the proposal.英国和法国对这项提案已经发表了一些反对意见。 　　The department said many countries had reciprocal agreements for health care with Britain.该部门称许多国家和英国签订了医疗卫生互惠协议。 　　2.England 　　例句示范： 　　She severed her ties with England.她断绝了和英国的往来。 　　I boarded the plane bound for England.我登上了飞往英格兰的"飞机。 　　He had lost his place in the England team.他失去了在英格兰队的位置。 　　In a warm-up game for the World Cup, Uruguay have beaten England.在世界杯热身赛中，乌拉圭队打败了英格兰队。 　　3.the United Kingdom 　　例句示范： 　　This television program provoked a spirited debate in the United Kingdom.这个电视节目在英国引起了激烈的辩论。 　　He visited various penal institutions in the United Kingdom in the late 1930s. 20世纪30年代末他探访了英国各种各样的服刑机构。 　　The study was supported by the Medical Research Council in the United Kingdom and Cancer Research UK.这项研究获得了英国医学研究委员会和英国癌症研究所的支持。 　　They have pen pals in the United Kingdom and Australia.他们已经有英国和澳大利亚的笔友。 　　We are a company based both in the United Kingdom and nigeria.我公司建立于英国和尼日利亚。

每个学术研究者必须经历的一道关卡，就是Research Proposal的写作。它大致对应中文里的“开题报告”、“选题报告”、“研究报告”，是一项研究开始之前的提纲、规划和陈述；既是为了帮助自己梳理文献、整理思路、廓清方向，也常常是写给相关他人的说明：研究动机和意义何在？可能有何成果？为什么它值得你的资助/认可/支持/批准？不知道是否可以说，好的proposal是研究成功的一半。但实际而功利的说，如果你的proposal很烂，可能根本就不会有开始研究的机会。How to write a research proposal?能否写出漂亮的proposal，本质上取决于你对研究的思考深度和专业水准。但形式也很重要。英文的Research Proposal自有一套“八股”。程式化和结构化的好处就在于，可以让读者直接集中注意到最本质的内容上，而不是为形式分神。对于非英语native speaker的我们，如何理解英文学术世界的规范或曰思维定势，也是写作proposal之前必备的背景知识。下面这篇流传甚广的Research Proposal写作指南，言简意赅，颇具启发，对我自己的写作有所帮助，也希望能给更多的学界同仁带来便利。文章作者Paul T. P. Wong, Ph.D., C.Psych. (Research Director, Graduate Program in Counselling Psychology. Trinity Western University Langley, BC, Canada). 题为：How to Write a Research Proposal. 全文转载如下：Most students and beginning researchers do not fully understand what a research proposal means, nor do they understand its importance. To put it bluntly, one"s research is only as a good as one"s proposal. An ill-conceived proposal dooms the project even if it somehow gets through the Thesis Supervisory Committee. A high quality proposal, on the other hand, not only promises success for the project, but also impresses your Thesis Committee about your potential as a researcher.A research proposal is intended to convince others that you have a worthwhile research project and that you have the competence and the work-plan to complete it. Generally, a research proposal should contain all the key elements involved in the research process and include sufficient information for the readers to evaluate the proposed study.Regardless of your research area and the methodology you choose, all research proposals must address the following questions: What you plan to accomplish, why you want to do it and how you are going to do it.The proposal should have sufficient information to convince your readers that you have an important research idea, that you have a good grasp of the relevant literature and the major issues, and that your methodology is sound.The quality of your research proposal depends not only on the quality of your proposed project, but also on the quality of your proposal writing. A good research project may run the risk of rejection simply because the proposal is poorly written. Therefore, it pays if your writing is coherent, clear and compelling.This paper focuses on proposal writing rather than on the development of research ideas.Title:It should be concise and descriptive. For example, the phrase, “An investigation of . . .” could be omitted. Often titles are stated in terms of a functional relationship, because such titles clearly indicate the independent and dependent variables. However, if possible, think of an informative but catchy title. An effective title not only pricks the reader"s interest, but also predisposes him/her favourably towards the proposal.Abstract:It is a brief summary of approximately 300 words. It should include the research question, the rationale for the study, the hypothesis (if any), the method and the main findings. Descriptions of the method may include the design, procedures, the sample and any instruments that will be used.Introduction:The main purpose of the introduction is to provide the necessary background or context for your research problem. How to frame the research problem is perhaps the biggest problem in proposal writing.If the research problem is framed in the context of a general, rambling literature review, then the research question may appear trivial and uninteresting. However, if the same question is placed in the context of a very focused and current research area, its significance will become evident.Unfortunately, there are no hard and fast rules on how to frame your research question just as there is no prescription on how to write an interesting and informative opening paragraph. A lot depends on your creativity, your ability to think clearly and the depth of your understanding of problem areas.However, try to place your research question in the context of either a current “hot” area, or an older area that remains viable. Secondly, you need to provide a brief but appropriate historical backdrop. Thirdly, provide the contemporary context in which your proposed research question occupies the central stage. Finally, identify “key players” and refer to the most relevant and representative publications. In short, try to paint your research question in broad brushes and at the same time bring out its significance.The introduction typically begins with a general statement of the problem area, with a focus on a specific research problem, to be followed by the rational or justification for the proposed study. The introduction generally covers the following elements:1. State the research problem, which is often referred to as the purpose of the study.2. Provide the context and set the stage for your research question in such a way as to show its necessity and importance.3. Present the rationale of your proposed study and clearly indicate why it is worth doing.4. Briefly describe the major issues and sub-problems to be addressed by your research.5. Identify the key independent and dependent variables of your experiment. Alternatively, specify the phenomenon you want to study.6. State your hypothesis or theory, if any. For exploratory or phenomenological research, you may not have any hypotheses. (Please do not confuse the hypothesis with the statistical null hypothesis.)7. Set the delimitation or boundaries of your proposed research in order to provide a clear focus.8. Provide definitions of key concepts. (This is optional.)Literature Review:Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introduction section. However, most professors prefer a separate section, which allows a more thorough review of the literature.The literature review serves several important functions:1. Ensures that you are not “reinventing the wheel”.2. Gives credits to those who have laid the groundwork for your research.3. Demonstrates your knowledge of the research problem.4. Demonstrates your understanding of the theoretical and research issues related to your research question.5. Shows your ability to critically evaluate relevant literature information.6. Indicates your ability to integrate and synthesize the existing literature.7. Provides new theoretical insights or develops a new model as the conceptual framework for your research.8. Convinces your reader that your proposed research will make a significant and substantial contribution to the literature (i.e., resolving an important theoretical issue or filling a major gap in the literature).Most students" literature reviews suffer from the following problems:* Lacking organization and structure* Lacking focus, unity and coherence* Being repetitive and verbose* Failing to cite influential papers* Failing to keep up with recent developments* Failing to critically evaluate cited papers* Citing irrelevant or trivial references* Depending too much on secondary sourcesYour scholarship and research competence will be questioned if any of the above applies to your proposal.There are different ways to organize your literature review. Make use of subheadings to bring order and coherence to your review. For example, having established the importance of your research area and its current state of development, you may devote several subsections on related issues as: theoretical models, measuring instruments, cross-cultural and gender differences, etc.It is also helpful to keep in mind that you are telling a story to an audience. Try to tell it in a stimulating and engaging manner. Do not bore them, because it may lead to rejection of your worthy proposal. (Remember: Professors and scientists are human beings too.)Methods:The Method section is very important because it tells your Research Committee how you plan to tackle your research problem. It will provide your work plan and describe the activities necessary for the completion of your project.The guiding principle for writing the Method section is that it should contain sufficient information for the reader to determine whether methodology is sound. Some even argue that a good proposal should contain sufficient details for another qualified researcher to implement the study.You need to demonstrate your knowledge of alternative methods and make the case that your approach is the most appropriate and most valid way to address your research question.Please note that your research question may be best answered by qualitative research. However, since most mainstream psychologists are still biased against qualitative research, especially the phenomenological variety, you may need to justify your qualitative method.Furthermore, since there are no well-established and widely accepted canons in qualitative analysis, your method section needs to be more elaborate than what is required for traditional quantitative research. More importantly, the data collection process in qualitative research has a far greater impact on the results as compared to quantitative research. That is another reason for greater care in describing how you will collect and analyze your data. (How to write the Method section for qualitative research is a topic for another paper.)For quantitative studies, the method section typically consists of the following sections:1. Design -Is it a questionnaire study or a laboratory experiment? What kind of design do you choose?2. Subjects or participants - Who will take part in your study ? What kind of sampling procedure do you use?3. Instruments - What kind of measuring instruments or questionnaires do you use? Why do you choose them? Are they valid and reliable?4. Procedure - How do you plan to carry out your study? What activities are involved? How long does it take?Results:Obviously you do not have results at the proposal stage. However, you need to have some idea about what kind of data you will be collecting, and what statistical procedures will be used in order to answer your research question or test you hypothesis.Discussion:It is important to convince your reader of the potential impact of your proposed research. You need to communicate a sense of enthusiasm and confidence without exaggerating the merits of your proposal. That is why you also need to mention the limitations and weaknesses of the proposed research, which may be justified by time and financial constraints as well as by the early developmental stage of your research area.Common Mistakes in Proposal Writing1. Failure to provide the proper context to frame the research question.2. Failure to delimit the boundary conditions for your research.3. Failure to cite landmark studies.4. Failure to accurately present the theoretical and empirical contributions by other researchers.5. Failure to stay focused on the research question.6. Failure to develop a coherent and persuasive argument for the proposed research.7. Too much detail on minor issues, but not enough detail on major issues.8. Too much rambling — going “all over the map” without a clear sense of direction. (The best proposals move forward with ease and grace like a seamless river.)9. Too many citation lapses and incorrect references.10. Too long or too short.11. Failing to follow the APA style.12. Slopping writing.下面是来自其他一些学术从业者关于如何写proposal的意见：Writing Research Proposals, Drew University On-line resources for writers. Guide to Writing a Research Proposal, University of Technology, Sydney. (A research proposal is required for admission to the program.) Beginners Guide to the Research Proposal, University of Calgary Centre for Advancement of Health. The Art of Writing Proposals: Some Candid Suggestions for Applicants to Social Science Research Council Competitions, Adam Przeworski and Frank Salomon. The Elements of a Proposal, Frank Pajares, Emory University. 以及，关于如何写学位论文proposal的指导（Dissertation Proposal Writing and some strategies for completing the dissertation）Dissertation Proposal Workshop, Institute of International Studies, UC-Berkeley. Writing and Presenting your Thesis or Dissertation , LearningAssociates.net. Dissertation/Project Hints: Proposal Writing, Hazel Hall, School of Computing, Napier University, Edinburgh, UK. Writing Theses and Dissertations, Claremont Graduate University Writing Center.

be objected to 表示反对，这里的 the losers ____ the final decisions是独立主格结构 所以要去掉be（were）

英语专业毕业论文范文(1) english paper A Brief Analysis of english teaching in senior high school Abstract: Classroom teaching is the main way for students to learn English. But in senior high school, a lots of probelms still exsit in the English teaching especially in the teaching of reading and writing. In this paper, the importance and methods of reading and writing will be further discussed. Key words: reading writing techniques Introduction: Classes should be learner-centered, with meaningful, functional activities, often, classes begin by finding out what the students don"t know. These classes operate on the assumption that there is a great deal of information that students lack and that the teacher and textbooks will impact that information to the students. Teachers who hold this assumption view students as plants waiting passively to be fed and watered. But I think the students should be regarded as explorers, active learners who bring a great deal to the learning process and at the same time, draw from their environment as they develop new understandings. The basic principle will be used in the teaching of reading and writing. Section One------ How to teach reading I. Why teach reading There are many reasons why getting students to read English texts is an important part of the teacher"s job. In the first place, many of them want to be able to read texts in English either for their careers, for study purposes or simply for pleasure. Anything we can do to make reading easier for them must be a good idea. Reading texts provide good models for English writing, provide opportunities to study language vocabulary, grammar, punctuation, and the way to construct sentences, paragraphs and texts. Lastly, good reading texts can introduce interesting topics, stimulate discussion, excite imaginative responses and be the springboard for well-rounded, fascinating lessons.

as to (1)至于，说到：As to (doing) that, I haven"t decided yet. 至于(做)那件事，我还没有决定。(2)关于：I have no doubts as to your ability. 关于你的能力, 我毫不怀疑。(3)按照：He arranged them as to size and colour. 他按照它们的大小和颜色进行按排。

n.opposition意为"反对，对立"指的是一个人，组织或团体对另一个人，组织，或团体的反抗The reason for the opposition of the proposal is clear.adj.opposite意为"相反的"，用于描述两件或多件事物之间的对立关系如The opposite of male id female.

　　The new drug will not be put on the market ＿B＿＿＿＿＿＿it has proved sage on humans .　　A. if B. until C .since D when　　2.It was because of his good performance at the interview＿　　＿C＿＿he got the job with the big company.　　A. so B. what C. .that D. while　　3.Our company is visitors decided to stay in our city for＿C＿＿＿two days as they wanted to have a look around.　　A. oter B .the other C, another D. other"s　　4.According to the time table, the rain for Beijing ＿C＿＿＿at 9:10pm.from Monday to Friday .　　A. was leaving B. is leaving C. leaves D. has left　　5.Although she is only 14,she looks like a　　＿D＿＿woman, beautiful and full in figure.　　A.ripe B. grown C. big D. mature　　6.The proposal ＿A＿＿＿＿at the meeting now is of great importance department.　　A. being discussed B. to be discussing C. having discussed D. discussing　　7.When he patted her on the shoulder, she was very upset at his ＿B＿＿＿style.　　A. where B. that C. which D. how　　8 .There is no evidence ___B__ he was on the site of the muder　　B .that　　9.It is reasonable for people to pursue a career in frelds related＿B＿＿＿＿there favorite hobbies.　　A. pleserve B. pelsrst C. insist D. endure　　10. The weather forecast predicts the colod weather will___B____ for quicte a while……clear up　　B .persist　　二．填空题　　1.Nowadays，electronic （pay） ＿payment＿＿＿＿＿in a more convenment way to pay for purchase than cash and checks.　　2.Most of the high school students who （interview）＿were ＿interviewed＿＿＿＿yesterday believed that they should continue with then education.　　3.It is important that he＿＿was＿＿＿＿ （be）called back ……　　4.According to the survey (conduct)＿conducted＿＿＿＿＿＿recently ,52% of American business people booked then business travel online last year .　　5.If I (be)＿were＿＿＿＿ you ,I will study hard.　　6.It is the (responsible)＿responsibility＿＿of the human resources department to employ new staff members.　　7.It was reported that the (injure)＿injured＿＿＿＿people were taken to the hospital immediately after the accident.　　8.The bank refused (accept)＿＿to accept＿＿＿＿＿＿my application for the loan because they weren"t convinced by my business plan .　　10.It is important to realize how（quick）＿quickly＿＿＿＿＿this disease can spread over the globe.　　三.阅读理解。　　1.（内容：只是一点内容，文章的第一句）College is a place to explorer many possibilities，you really can"t do it all ----unless you manage your time wisely……………………………………………….　　（问题）（1）.We need to plan ahead in order to＿＿B＿＿＿＿＿＿？　　B.better organize our activities　　（2）Strategic times are best for to？ C　　C．study sfficiently　　（3）Which of the following could be used as a motivation to do our assignments ？ B　　B．Any activities we"re eager to do　　(5).Which of the following could be the best little for the article ? A　　A.Study Habits and Time Management.　　2.　　Welcome to our small business set－up guide,providing all the information you…….　　This guide is intended to help people to ＿＿………　　答案：start a nem small business.（下同）　　What are most important for a business to surrive?　　Determination and orginality.　　What does the word “forewarn”mean?　　Advise beforehand.　　What kind of businesses are regard as “small”in the UK?　　Those with fevrer than 50 empcoyees.　　More information about how to start a small………　　Linking to other relevant articles.　　3. 阅读理解 三　　How to write contact details in your CV?　　Print your name in lage letters……………　　Top of page:　　(Print) your name inlarge letters　　To be in cluded:1.(address) 2.(email) 3.mobile phone number　　Not to be included:1.(personal information),such as......　　2.(Include a photograph)unless it is requested.　　5. 五　　Sale contract　　No:SC～3　　Done and signed in Beijing on this 4th day...　　What is the brand of the Apple Jam?　　答案：Great wall Brand(下同)　　What is the total value of the contract?　　Us ＄30.00.　　When will the goods be shipped?　　Auyust 2009.　　What are the terms of payment?　　By letter of credit.　　Where are the goods to be sent to?　　Vancouver Canada.　　翻译题.　　Trade agreement贸易协定　　Cash price现金价格　　Sales contract销售合同　　Port of arvival …..到达港　　Supply agreement供货合同　　Late panyment逾期付款　　Note of claim索赔通知　　Letter of credit信用证　　Fixed price固定价格　　Prompt shipment即期转运　　翻译句子　　When exporting goods,it is essential to arrange in surance cover in case the goods are lost or damaged in transit.　　当出口商品,它是必要的安排在surance盖万一货物在运输途中丢失或损坏。　　If we do not receive payment by the end of this month, we will have no alternative but to take legal action.　　如果我们没有收到付款到这个月底,我们将别无选择只好采取法律行动。　　Party B has the right to cancel the contract with a written notice to party Aunder the following conditions.　　乙方有权解除合同,一份书面通知乙方有下列情形Aunder　　I have already given instructions for the tash to be taken up firit.　　我已经给予了说明,对tash firit挪开。　　作文句型（应该为写信形式的作文，注意写信的格式）　　This is to introduce that……　　We have great pleasure in introducing to you,by this letter,Ms/Miss/Ms……..　　Thsnk you fou the trouble you will have to take for…….　　We are writing to introduce that……..　　I am looking for ward to hearing frow you soon ………　　yours sincerely.

ture真诚 advanture冒险 failure失败 future 未来 sure确定 nature自然 lure 诱惑cure治疗 fure愤怒

1.那个建议在会上未引起多大兴趣。（enthusiasm）2.新来的军官很快赢得了士兵的尊敬。（respect）3.全村很快便人心惶惶了。（spread through）4.现在主席要向大会发表演讲。（address）5.好教师总是鼓励学生独立思考。（think for oneself）6.我正想把实际发生的情况告诉他，但他打断了我的话。（cut...short）7.孩子们急切地等着儿童剧（pantomime）开演。（expectantly）8.她退休到了佛罗里达，仍然过着忙碌的生活。（lead a...life）1. The proposal at the meeting aroused little interest. (enthusiasm) 2. New officers soon won the soldiers" respect. (for) 3. The village soon began to panic. (around) spread 4 now chairman to assembly speech. (they) 5. Good teacher always encourage students to think for themselves. (think oneself). 6. I was trying to tell him of the actual situation, but he interrupted me. (without) how... 7. Children eagerly waiting for ErTongJu (pantomime) being. (expectantly) 8. She retired to Florida, still lead busy lives. (act) organization a...

　　英语行文讲究突出重点，重要的意思放在突出的位置，次要的意思则通过从句、分词、介词短语等手段放在次要的位置，各成分之间的关系交待得一清二楚。 　　例1．The gloomy little study, with windows of stained glass to exclude the view, was full of dark green velvet and heavily-carved mahogany — a suite of which old Jolyon was wont to say:“Shouldn"t wonder if it made a big price some day!” 这是一间阴暗的小书房，书房窗子镶的全是染色玻璃，挡着窗外的景色；房内全是桃花心木的家具，上面满是雕花，背垫和坐垫都是一色深绿的丝绒。老乔里恩时常提起这套家具：“哪一天不卖上大价钱才怪。” 这个例子很能说明英汉两种语言的句法特点。原文选自英国作家高尔斯华绥（John Galsworthy）的小说《福尔赛世家》（The Forsyte Saga）。原文破折号之前就是一个简单句，主语是The study，谓语动词是was。而周熙良的译文却把这半句话译成了5个并列短句，各有自己的主语和谓语，各短句之间也没有词语相连。这样一比较，两种语言各自的特点就看得很清楚了。 　　在汉译英的时候，我们可以通过哪些手段来体现英语的特点呢? 　　1．从句 　　汉语多用并列结构，一个句子可以包含几个并列分句，或一个主语带几个并列谓语。英语喜用主从结构，用主句表达主要内容以突出重点，用定语从句或状语从句表达句中较为次要的含义，从而使句子显出层次。 　　例2．海南岛和台湾的面积差不多，那里有许多资源，有富铁矿，有石油天然气，还有橡胶和别的热带亚热带作物。海南岛好好发展起来，是很了不起的。 　　Hainan Island, which is almost as big as Taiwan, has abundant natural resources, such as rich iron ore, oil and natural gas, as well as rubber and other tropical and subtropical crops. When it is fully developed, the result should be extraordinary. 例3．我们的第一个目标是解决温饱问题，这个目标已经达到了。 Our first objective was to solve the problem of food and clothing, which we have now done. 例4．过去我们搬用别国的模式，结果阻碍了生产力的发展，在思想上导致僵化，妨碍人民和基层积极性的发挥。 We used to copy foreign models mechanically, which only hampered the development of our productive forces, induced ideological rigidity and kept the people and grass-roots units from taking any initiative. 以上三例，译文都用了which。2003年出版的Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English第4版关于which的用法有这样一段说明：used，after a comma in writing，to add more information about the thing，situation or event you have just mentioned. 这正是以上三例中which的用法。例2 which引导的从句说明海南的大小，这只是对主语Hainan Island顺便作的一点说明，不是主要内容，这句话重点说明海南岛的资源。例3中的which代表主句中的to solve the problem of food and clothing，例4中的which代表前面整个主句，都表示结果。 例5．深圳搞了七八年了，取得了很大的成绩。 But the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone has achieved remarkable successes since it was established almost eight years ago. 例6．开始的时候广东提出搞特区，我同意了他们的意见，我说名字叫经济特区，搞政治特区就不好了。 It was the leaders of Guangdong Province who first came up with the proposal that special zones be established, and I agreed. But I said they should be called special economic zones, not special political zones, because we didn"t like anything of that sort. 例7．占全国人口百分之八十的农民连温饱都没有保障，怎么能体现社会主义的优越性呢？ When the peasants, who make up 80 percent of China"s population, could not even be guaranteed adequate food and clothing, how could we demonstrate the superiority of socialism? 以上三例分别用连词since，because和when引导状语从句。例5从上下文来看，主要想说明深圳的成绩，时间长短不是重点。若用主句或并列分句来说时间，就喧宾夺主了。例6 because起连接作用，英语讲究“形合”，这里需要有个连词。当然不一定非用because，用as，for或since也都可以。这三个例子中用的连词，最不起眼的就是when，因为它用得最多。这里不用连词行不行？不行。例7原文前半句是陈述句，后半句是问句，并不需要用连词。英语则不然，这句译文可以分成两句，陈述句和问句各自成句；若放在一个句子里，就需要用连词，当然也不一定非用when，此处用if也可以。例2第2句译文用when，也是起连接作用。 例8．将来中国富强起来了，也永远不称霸。 China will never seek hegemony even if it grows rich and strong in the future. 例9．大错误没有犯，小错误没有断，因为我们没有经验。 However, although we haven"t made any major mistakes, we have made many minor ones, because we have no experience. 此二例中的even if和although都表示语气上的转折，这种语气上的转折并不是译者凭空加上的，而是深入分析原文得来的，这正体现了汉语“意合”的特点。一个连词也不用，各种语气的转折自在其中。译文连词加得是否得当，就看译者对原文理解得深不深了。 　　2．分词短语 　　英语体现主从关系，除了使用从句，还可以使用分词短语。英语有现在分词，还有过去分词，而且用法灵活多变。分词引导的短语，可以放在句首，可以放在句中，也可以放在句末。英译汉时并不构成什么困难，往往可以和普通动词同样处理。大概也正因为如此，汉译英时我们往往想不到发挥英语的这一特点，使译文显出层次，而只知一味地使用并列动词。因此要想提高译文的质量，经常提醒自己用好分词短语，便是一件值得注意的事了。 　　例10．中国始终不渝地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，中国对外政策的宗旨是和平。 　　Unswervingly pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace, China takes peace as the ultimate goal of its foreign policy. 　　我想，前半句是我们在外交场合经常说的一句话，大家都很熟悉，后半句才是这句话的重点，因此前半句用分词短语来表示。 　　例11．现在，中国和东盟各国都在抓住历史机遇，按照各自的国情制定发展战略，不断发展社会生产力，保持经济的持续增长。 　　At present, both China and ASEAN countries, seizing opportunities presented by history, have formulated development strategies in light of their own national conditions and continued to develop the productive forces and maintain a sustained economic growth. 　　和后半句所说的制定发展战略，发展社会生产力和保持持续增长相比，“抓住历史机遇”较为笼统，也就是说各国是在“抓住历史机遇”的情况下做后面几件事的，因此这一部分用分词短语来表述。 　　例12．它们在国际和地区事务中发挥积极作用，不断推进自己的经济发展和社会进步，为亚洲和世界的和平、稳定与发展作出了重要贡献。 　　They have played a positive role in international and regional affairs and constantly advanced their own economic development and social progress, thus making important contributions to peace, stability and development in Asia and the world at large. 　　前半句说的是它们做的事情，比较具体，译文用了谓语动词；后半句说的是做事情的结果或意义。较为笼统，所以用分词短语来表述。 　　例13．中国与东盟各国或山水相连，或隔海相望，在悠久的交往中，人民之间形成了深厚的传统友谊。 　　Joined together by mountains and rivers or facing each other across the sea, China and ASEAN countries have developed a profound traditional friendship among the people in the course of their age-old contacts and exchanges. 　　前半句描写自然状况，不是句子的重点，译文用了两个分词短语Joined...和facing...。使用分词时，值得特别注意的是分词必须与主语保持一致，换言之，分词表示的动作必须是主语能做的。以例13为例，这句话的主语是China and ASEAN countries，它们可以face each other...，因此分词短语facing each other...是对的，没有问题。但它们不能join together...因为它们是被join together的，这一部分若译作Joining together...就错了，一定要用过去分词Joined together...。 　　3．介词短语 　　汉语里的并列成分，在英语里，除了用从句和分词短语之外，还可用介词短语，使句子重点突出，层次分明。本文例1中with windows of stained glass...就是一例。 　　例14．中国是一个发展中的沿海大国。中国高度重视海洋的开发和保护，把发展海洋事业作为国家发展战略。 　　As a major developing country with a long coastline, China attaches great importance to marine development and protection, and takes it as the state"s development strategy. 　　原文是两句话，第一句是对客观情况的描述，但文章必须从这里作起。第二句才是讲话的重点。因此译者用介词短语来表述第一句话的内容，这样就可以突出后面的重点了。 　　例15．我们正处在世纪之交的重要历史时刻，应该以长远的战略眼光审视和处理双方关系，建立中国与东盟面向二十一世纪的睦邻互信伙伴关系。 At this important historical juncture on the eve of the new century, we should approach and handle our bilateral relations from a long-range strategic perspective and forge a Chinese-ASEAN good-neighborly partnership of mutual trust oriented to the 21st century. 　　这一句原文是一个主语带三个谓语，第一个谓语是对时代的客观描述，不是句子的重点，后面要做的事情才是句子的重点。因此译文一开始就是一个介词短语，然后主语带两个谓语动词。 　　例16．长期以来，我们百分之七十至八十的农村劳动力被束缚在土地上，农村每人平均只有一两亩土地，多数人连温饱都谈不上。 　　For a long time 70 to 80 per cent of the rural work force was tied to the land, with an average of only about 0.1 hectare per person, and most peasants did not even have adequate food and clothing. 　　这一句原文是三个并列分句，各有自己的主语和谓语。第二个分句“农村每人平均只有一两亩土地”说明第一个分句所说“农村劳动力被束缚在土地上”的具体情况，其重要性显然比不上第一分句，因此译文只用了一个with引导的介词短语。 　　总之，要想在译文中用好主从关系，发挥英语的这一特点，必须深入分析原文各个成分，把并列的或貌似并列的成分辨别孰重孰轻，并弄清他们之间的关系，然后在译文中采取相应的行动，拿出好的译文。 　　最后谈一谈并列结构。 　　虽然和汉语相比，英语行文多用主从结构，并列结构不如汉语用得多，但也并非绝对不用。英语原作中使用并列分句和并列谓语的例子还是很多的，因此汉译英时该用并列结构时还是要放手使用。 　　例17．The young man left, and Durbeyfield lay waiting on the grass in the evening sun. 　　例18．世界在变化，我们的思想和行动也要随之而变化。 　　The world is changing, and we should change our thinking and actions along with it. 　　例19．The young man stood before Durbeyfield, and looked at him from head to toe. 　　例20．不发达地区大都是拥有丰富资源的地区，发展潜力是很大的。 　　Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources and have great potential for development. 　　这4个例子，例17和例18的译文各有两个并列分句，例19和例20的译文各有两个并列动词。但有一点非常值得注意，那就是4句英语都用了连词and。这个and看上去很不起眼，你几乎感觉不到它的存在。英译汉时也不用费心处理，但它却体现了英汉两种语言之间的差异，而且在汉译英的时候，最容易被忽略。一般说来，and一词在英语使用并列结构的句子里是必不可少的，这正体现英语的“形合”。但汉语重“意合”，句子成分之间的联系不一定在字面上表现出来。因此，汉译英时，不要忘记使用连词and就显得特别重要，

Round and flat characters are opposites, as are static and dynamic characters. A round character has a complex personality, more like a real person. A flat character is crude and one-dimensional, usually only there to fill a simple role. A static character is one who stays the same throughout the entire story. A dynamic character changes in some way during the story.The importance of marriage the lesson from Charlotte LucasCharlotte also gives us a counterpoint to Jane"s approach to marriage. Where Jane is quiet and shy, Charlotte, on the other hand, has no problem making it clear immediately to Mr. Collins that she"s up for it if he is: she sets out specifically to "secure [Lizzy] from any return of Mr. Collins"s addresses, by engaging them towards herself" (22.1).Charlotte gives telling advice on the subject of marriage early on. When gossiping with Elizabeth about just how much of a crush Jane has on Bingley, Charlotte says: "If a woman conceals her affection with the same skill from the object of it, she may lose the opportunity of fixing him; and it will then be but poor consolation to believe the world equally in the dark […] In nine cases out of ten, a woman had better show more affection than she feels" (6.2). Lizzy makes fun of her, but, of course, Charlotte"s right.Shortly after, Charlotte also gets in that famous line, "happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance…It is better to know as little as possible of the defects of the person with whom you are to pass your life" (6.8). Elizabeth laughs at her, and says, "You would never act in this way yourself."As we know, though, that"s exactly what Charlotte does. After Elizabeth rejects Mr. Collins, Charlotte accepts him, even knowing that she"s only his second choice (third, actually, since Mr. Collins initially had his eye on Jane). How did Charlotte manage to get a marriage proposal out of Mr. Collins the day after he"d been rejected by Elizabeth? We don"t really know, because Austen doesn"t narrate the proposal scene. Does Charlotte recognize that his business in town is wife-hunting, and deliberately flirting in the way that she suggested that Jane should do with Bingley? Maybe.That"s not all! We have even a third idea about what Charlotte"s point in the novel is—she is another lesson in empathy for Elizabeth. Check out how horrified Elizabeth first is when Charlotte tells her she"s going to marry Mr. Collins. Seriously, she almost throws up a little in her mouth. But Charlotte lays it out for her:When you have had time to think it over, I hope you will be satisfied with what I have done. I am not romantic, you know; I never was. I ask only a comfortable home; and considering Mr. Collins"s character, connection, and situation in life, I am convinced that my chance of happiness with him is as fair as most people can boast on entering the marriage state.(22.17)And you know what? It seems to be true. She sets things up at her new house so she sees her husband as little as possible, choosing to make her sitting room in the back of the house, "for Mr. Collins would undoubtedly have been much less in his own apartment, had they sat in one equally lively" (50.1)—translation, she deliberately hangs out in room that doesn"t face the road, so Mr. Collins will stay in his own room. Whenever Mr. Collins says something embarrassing, Lizzy notices that Charlotte "wisely did not hear" (28.4). It might not be an arrangement that"s for Lizzy, but that"s the point: Charlotte helps her realize that not everyone has to live the same sort of life.我不知道我看的小说跟你的小说是不是一个版本，所以我引用的qutation的页数可能跟你的有所差，自行调整。希望能够帮到你！【ABC.Snap】

Night Watch Company recently recently began production of a new product,the halogen light,which required the investment of $500,000 in assets. 最近晚上看的公司最近开始生产一种新产品,卤素灯,这要求投资50万美元的资产。 The costs of producing and selling 12,000 halogen lights are estimated as follows: 生产和销售成本的估计12000卤素灯如下: Variable costs per unit: Fixed costs: 可变成本:固定成本:每单位 Direct materials $22 Factory overhead $120,000 直接材料在22美元工厂费用120000美元 Direct labor 12 Selling and administrative expenses 60,000 直接劳动力12推销及管理费用60000人 Factory overhead 6 工厂费用6 Selling and administrative 4 销4 Total $44 总44美元 Night Watcch Company is currently considering establishing a selling price for the halogen light. 晚上Watcch公司正在考虑建立一个销售价格为卤素灯。 The president of Night Watch Company has decided to use the cost-puls approach to product pricing and has indicated that the halogen light must earn a 12% rate of return on invested assets. 总统的夜晚看公司已决定使用cost-puls产品定价方法和趋势表明,卤素灯必须要养活一个12%的投资报酬率的资产。 Instructions 指令 1. 1。 Determine the amount of desired profit from the production and sale of the halogen light. 确定所需之预期利润从产销的卤素灯。 2. 2。 Assuming taht the total cost concept is used,determine (a)the cost amount per unit,(b)the markup percentage(roundedto two decimal places),and(c)the selling price of the halogen light (rounded to nearest whole dollar). 假设地总成本概念,确定使用金额(a)成本单位(b)标记百分比(roundedto小数点后两位)和(c)的售价的卤素灯(圆形至最近的整个美元)。 3. 3。 Assuming that the product coat concept is used,determine (a) the cost amount per unit, (b) the markup percentage,and(c) the selling price of the halogen light. 假如该产品外套概念使用,确定金额(a)成本单位(b)标记的百分比,而且(c)的售价的卤素灯。 4. 4。 Assuming that the variable cost concept is used,determine (a)the cost amount per unit,(b)the market precentage(rounded to two decimal pleaces),and (c) the selling price of the halogen light(rounded to nearest whole dollar) 假设这个变动成本的概念,确定使用金额(a)成本单位(b)市场precentage两个十进制pleaces(圆形)和(c)的售价的卤素灯(圆形至最近的整个美元) 5. 5。 Comment on any additional comsiderations that could influence establishing the selling price for the halogen light. comsiderations评论任何额外的建立,销售价格可能影响的卤素灯。 6. 6。 Assume that as of septrmber 1,2010,7,000 units of halogen light have been produced and sold during the current year,Analysis of the domestic market indicates that 3,000.additional units of the halogen light are expected to be sol 假设,当的septrmber 1,到2010年,卤素灯7000单位已经生产和销售在当前年度内,分析表明,单位国内市场的3,000.additional卤素灯预计将索尔

　　1. Straw Man Fallacy 　　1. 稻草人理论 　　It is very frustrating to have your thoughts summed up and attacked. Itu2019s especially maddening when someone misunderstands your beliefs, describes them all wrong, and then attacks your position! This distortion of a belief is called a straw man tactic. Here is an example of the straw man tactic in reaction to the proposal to require school uniforms: 　　令人抓狂的是有人错误总结了你的观点来攻击你的言论，更令人抓狂的是竟然有人误解你的意思，歪曲你的想法来攻击你!这种扭曲观点做法就被称为稻草人理论。下面这个例子是针对学校要求统一服装的回应。 　　Our school board wants us to start wearing uniforms, so they want us all to give up our individuality. They expect us to become a mindless throng of obedient children who are not able to express their individuality in any way. 　　学校董事会希望我们穿校服，这样我们就会放弃自己的个性。他们希望我们成为一群唯唯诺诺的孩子，不能自由地表达自己的个性。 　　Obviously, this would not be the desire of any member of a school board, and it is certainly a view that can be opposed by any feeling human. It is a false and unfair representation of the school boardu2019s intentions. 　　很显然，这不是任何一位董事的想法，这个理论也显然可以被任何一个有思想的人驳倒。这样解释董事会的意图是错误的，也是不公平的。 　 　2. Hasty Generalization 　　2.草率结论 　　A hasty generalization is a conclusion that is based on few examples. Here are a few that have been used in research papers: 　　草率结论是指例证不足就下的结论。下面是一则研究报告中出现的草率结论： 　　Elderly people are bad drivers. 　　老年人驾车技术都不好。 　　Be careful not to draw conclusions in your own research after you"ve seen a few individual pieces of evidence. 　　要注意在自己的研究过程中不要仅仅依靠个别例子就草率下结论。 　　(tip：要避免这种错误，可以加一个程度副词，比如mosly等等。上句话可改为：Elderly people are mostly bad drivers.) 　 　3. Slippery Slope 　　3. 滑坡谬误 　　The slippery slope fallacy occurs when we get carried away and start making claims that one event will lead to another--when those claims are not necessarily accurate. Here is a conclusion that doesn"t add up: 　　滑坡谬误指我们开始洋洋洒洒地写作，一个断言推出另一个断言，但这些断言并非十分准确。下面就是一个不合理的结论： 　　If we let students use their cell phone calculators during tests, they"ll start cheating by using other apps to find the answers. Then no one will ever learn anything. Everyone will fail. 　　如果我们让学生在考试中使用手机上的计算器，他们就会用其他的手机应用找答案作弊。那么没有人能真正学到知识，所有人都会不及格。 　 　4. Red Herring 　　4. 转移视听 　　A red herring is a tactic used to change the subject when we feel we"re in hot water. You may recognize the red herring as a tactic you"ve used on your own parents. 　　转移视听是我们感到自己深陷麻烦使用于转移话题的一个方式。你可能会承认对父母用过这一招。 　　"You are late. Your curfew was thirty minutes ago." 　　“你迟了，半个小时前可就该到家了。” 　　"I know, but there was big fire in a factory across town. It"s lucky that nobody was hurt." 　　“我知道，但是市区那端的工厂着大火了。没有人伤亡真是不幸中的万幸。” 　　In the exchange above, the teen is trying to distract the parent from the issue at hand by diverting his or her attention. This tactic of changing the subject is common in a debate scenario, when one presenter feels trapped or challenged. It can be an easy but costly maneuver. 　　上面这段对话中，孩子试图把父母的注意力从手边的事上转移开。这种转移主题的策略常用于辩论赛，当一方觉得陷入麻烦，或被质疑，这种方式虽然有代价却简单易行。 　 　5. The Bandwagon Fallacy 　　5. 从众思想 　　There is a certain sense of security we feel by being a part of a group. If you"ve ever agreed with a stance because it is the popular one, you have been taken in by the bandwagon effect! 　　与一群人想法一致显然会给人一种安全感。但如果你同意某种立场仅仅是因为它被人们普遍接受，那么你就受了从众思想这种逻辑谬误的影响。 　　The most prestigious schools use school uniforms, so we should adopt that policy, as well. 　　最有名气的学校都有校服，所以我们也应采取这种做法。