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大家知道润滑油行业的专业术语吗?

2023-05-19 20:10:27

因为我亲戚准备做一个品牌的润滑油的省级代理,我本人也准备过去帮忙,所以想初步了解一下该行业的一些术语

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CarieVinne

Acid Number(AN) Milligrams Of KOH requirdd in tests tO neutralize all the acidic constituents present in a lg sample Of a petroleum product.Also formally called the Neutralization Number,this property is often used tO indicate the extent of con-tamination or oxidation Of used oils.

酸值(AN) 也称中和值,指中和1克油品试样中所有酸性物质所需氢氧化钾的毫克数。该性能指标通常用于表示已用过的油被污染和被氧化的程度。

Additive Any material that is incorporated into a product at relatively low concentration tO impart new properties Or enhanceexisting properties.

添加剂 以相对较低的浓度加入某一产品中,从而赋予该产品某种新的性能,或者增强其现有性能的任何材料,均称为添加剂。

Aniline point the minimum temperature for complete miscibility Of equal volumes Of aniline and the sample under test.Products containing aromatics or naphthenes have lower anilinc points than products containing paraffins.

苯胺点 指相同体积的苯胺与试样达到完全混溶所需的最低温度。含有芳烃和环烷烃的产品比含有石蜡的产品的苯胺点相对要低。

Antiwear(AW) Agent Additive that is active in preventing damage caused by occurrence Of solid phase welding between sliding surfaces without local surface melting.

抗磨(AW)添加剂 相互滑动的表面因发生相互摩擦会造成损坏。抗磨添加剂就是能有效防止这类磨损,同时又不会令发生滑动的表面熔化的添加剂。

APl Service Classification —A system Of letter designations agreed On by APl,SAE and AStM tO define broad classes Of engine service.Also a system Of service classifications for automotive gear lubricants.

APl适用级别分类 由API、SAE和ASTM共同商定并使用的一套英文字母代号,用以确定发动机油的主要适用级别,以及汽车变速箱润滑油的适用级别。

Aromatic A hydrocarbon derived from,or characterized by the presence of the benzene ring

芳烃 由苯环衍生出的、或因含有苯环而具有其特性的烃化物。

Bactericide Chemical compotmd which has the property of killing bacteria

杀菌剂 具有杀死细菌作用的化合物。

Base Number(BN) Quantity of hydrochloric(ASTM D974)or percldoric(ASTM D2896)acid expressed in mil ligrmns of KOH equivalent that is required to neutralize all the basic constituents of a l g sample of a petroleum product.

This property is uscd to indicate the capacity of an oil to counter the corrosive effects of acidic products of combustion.

碱值(BN) 中和存在于l克油品试样中全部碱组分所需要的盐酸(ASTM D974)或高氯酸(ASTM D2896)的数量,以相当的氢氧化钾毫克数表示。该性能用于表示油品抵抗酸性燃烧产物腐蚀作用的能力。

Bright Stock Refined,high viscosity lubricating oil usually made from residual stocks by suitable treatment,such asa combination of acid treatment or solvent extraction with dewaxing or clay finishing.

光亮油 通常由渣油经加工处理而制成的精炼、高粘度微个个润滑油。加工处理的方式包括:酸处理(或溶剂萃取)与脱蜡(或粘土精制)相结合。

Carbon Residue Standardized test which measures the amount of carbon left behind after pyrolysis under standard conditions.

残炭 用于在标准条件下,测定油品裂解后剩余碳量的标准化测试方法。

Cleveland Open Cup(Oc)Tester Apparatus used to detemine the flash and fire points of most petroleum productswith flash pemks above 79℃。

克利夫兰开口杯(COC)测定器 用于测定闪点高于79℃的大多数油品闪点和燃点的装置。

Cloud point Temperature at which a moticea ble cloud of crystals or other solid material appears when a sample is cooled ender prescribed conditions.

浊点 在规定条件下,当油样冷却至产生明显雾状时的温度。(产生雾状是由于有晶体形成或其他固态物质生成)

Complex Grease A lubdcating grease thickened by a complex soap consisting Of a normal soap and a comPlexmg agent.

The use Of soap complexes gives products which have higher dropping points than similar lubricants made from normal soaps.

复合润滑脂 指用复合皂(即由普通皂与复合剂组成)进行稠化制成的润滑脂。使用复合皂制成的润滑脂与使用普通皂制成的同类润滑脂相比,具有更高的滴点。

Defoamants(Foam lnhibitor) Additiveused used in lubricating oilst to assist the collapse Of surthce layers Of foam caused by agitation Of the release of entrained Or entrapped air.

抗泡添加剂(泡沫抑制剂) 加入到油品中、并令其产生的气泡表层破裂的添加剂。(润滑油内部气泡的形成。或由于搅拌、或由于其本身所夹带或滞留的空气被释放出来。)

Demulsibility Property of a lubricant tO separate from water.

抗乳化性 指润滑油与水分离的能力。

Density The mass Of liquid per unit Of volume Of substance at 15℃.

密度 在15℃的温度条件下,单位体积的某种物质所具有的液体质量。

Detergency Property Of a lubricating oil to reduce or prevent deposits formed under high temperature conditions Or as a re-suit Of the action on the oil of acidic contaminants.

清净性 指润滑油在高温条件下或在酸性污染物作用下,阻止或减少生成沉淀的能力。

Dielectric Strength A measure Of the insulating value Of an electrical insulating medium.The value depends to some ex—tent on the test method used.0

绝缘强度 指对一种电绝缘介质绝缘能力的量度。该数值在一定程度上取决于所使用的测量方法。

Dispcmancy Property Of an oil to disperseand suspend potential deposit—forming materials sO that they Can be removed from the system when the oil is drained.

分散性 油品所具有的分散和悬浮可能形成沉淀的物质、并在油品被抽出时将该物质带出系统的能力。

Dropping point —The temperatuer at which the first drop Of liquid separates when a grease is heated under prescribed conditions.

滴点 在规定条件下,将润滑脂加热至第一滴液体滴下时的温度。

Emulsion Intimate mixture Of two Or more materials which are immiscible Or partially miscible with each other.In most emulsions, one material is aqueous and the other is an oil.

乳化液 两种或两种以上互相不能溶混或仅能够部分溶混的物质所形成的完全混合物。

Extreme Pressure(EP) Additive —Chemical compound imparting extreme pressure characteristics tO a lubricant with the objecfive Of reducing wear under conditions where rubbing or sliding accompanies high contact pressures,as in heavily loaded gears,particulars Of the hypoid type.

极压(EP)添加剂 在伴随着高接触压力的摩擦和滑动的情况下(如:在重载齿轮,特别是准双曲面型齿轮中),能够赋予润滑油抗极压性能,以达到减轻磨损目的的化合物。

Film Srength Ability of a film Of lubricants tO resist rupture due tO load,speed and temperature.

油膜强度 润滑油油膜抵抗因负荷、速度和温度而造成破裂的能力。

Floc Point The lowest temperature at which vapors rising a sample will ignite momentarily On application Of a flame under specified conditions.

闪点 在规定条件下,油品加热后所逸出的蒸气与火焰接触发生瞬间闪火时的最低温度。

Flash Point The temperature at which a flocculent collection Of wax crystals first appears when a solution Of freon in oil is cooled under prescribed conditions.

絮凝点 在规定条件下,当把氟利昂的油溶液冷却到第一次出现蜡晶体的絮凝物时的温度。

FZG Load Stage The load which can be transmitted by a pair of gears under the conditions Of test and temperature in the FZG gear machine.

FZG 负荷试验 在FZG齿轮机器的测试条件和温度下,一对齿轮能够传递的负荷。

KOH Chemical symbol fOr the alkdine Compound pstassium hydroxide.

KOH 氢氧化钾碱性化合物的化学符号。

Load Garrying capacity A quantitative term to describe the ability Of a lubricant tO resistr film rupture and protect agaimt wear and surface destruction under conditions of high speeds, high loads,high temperatures Or combinations Of these.

承载能力 描述在高速度、高负荷、高温或这些因素同时作用的情况下,润滑油抵抗油膜破裂、抗磨损以及保护表面免受损坏的能力的定量参数。

Load一wear index An index Of the abiliLy Of a lubricant tO prevent wear under applied loads as determined in the Four—Ball EP Tester.

负荷 —磨损指数是衡量润滑油在四球极压试验中所施加的负荷下所表现出的抗磨能力的一项指数。

M1L Prefix designation for U.S Military Specifications.

MIL “美国军方标准”的英文词头缩写。

Molybdenum Disulfide Chemical compound Of molybdenum and sulfur which has exceUent properties as a solid lubricant due to the type Of moleeular structure Of the particles.

二硫化钼 钼和硫形成的化合物,由于其粒子的独特分子结构,因而成为性能卓越的固体润滑剂。

Multigrade see Multiviscosity.

多级别 见“多级粘度”。

Multipurpose Grease A lubricating grease suitable fOr a variety Of applications such as chassis, wheel bearings, univer—sal joints and water pumps On automotive equipment.

多用途润滑脂 指适合多种用途的润滑脂,如:车辆设备中的底盘、车轮轴承、万向节和水泵等的润滑。

Multiviscosity An Oil that meets the low temperature viscosity limits Of one 0f the SAE W numbers as well as the 100℃ viscosity limits Of,the non—W numbers.

多级粘度 既能达到SAE W前边的数字(如:5、10或15等)的低温粘度极限,同时又能达到SAE W后边的数字(如:30、40或50等)100粘度极限的油品。

Naphthenic having the characteristics Of naphthense,which are saturated hydrocarbons containing molecules with at least one closed ring Of carbon atoms.

环烷烃 具有环烷特性的、至少包含一个碳原子闭链的饱和烃。

NLGI Classficat Numbers A series Of numbers used tO classify the consistency(hardlless)Of a grease, based On a standard ASTM cone penetration test.

NLGI级数 根据ASTM针入度测试,用于划分润滑脂稠度(硬度)的——系列数字。

NLGI Service Classification System A system Of letter designations to define class Of automotive chassis and wheel bear-ing greases.

NLGI用途分类体系 用于定义机动车底盘和车轮轴承润滑脂分类的字母代号体系。

Oxidation Stability Ability of alubricant to resist oxidation and deterion resulting from high temperatues and/or ex—posure to air.

氧化稳定性 润滑油抵抗因高温和/或空气作用而氧化或变质的能力。

Paraffinic Having the chametefisties()rparaffins,saturated hydroeartx,nsOfopen(,hatn structure.

石蜡族 具有石蜡的特性、具开放式结构的饱和烃。

Penetration Consistency,expressed as the distance that a stanthtrd needle or cone penetrates vertically into a sample of the material under prescribed conditions Of loading,time and temperature

针(锥)入度 在规定的负荷、时间和温度等条件下,以标准化的针或锥垂直进入产品试样的深度来表示的稠度值。

Pour point lowest temperature at which aliquid petroleum product will flow when it is cooled under the conditions of the standant test methed.

倾点 在标准测定方式所规定的条件下,液体石油产品在被降温的过程中能维持流动的最低温度。

Pour Point Depressant An additive which lowers the pour pointroleum petroleum products contmnlng wax by reducing the tendency Of the wax tO collect into a solid mass.

降凝剂 通过抑制石蜡聚集成固体物质的趋向,从而降低含有石蜡的石油产品之倾点的一种添加剂。

Rust and Oxidation(R&O) Additives usd to enhance the rust and oxidation resistance Of oils and greases.

锈蚀和氧化(R&O) 用于提高润滑油和润滑脂的防锈和抗氧化能力的添加剂。

SAE Grade Grade indicating the viscocity range of a crankcase,transmission Of rear axle lubricant,according tO the sys—tems designed by SAE.

SAE级别 按照SAE设定的体系,表明用于车辆曲轴箱、变速箱和后轴的润滑油粘度范围的级别。 (SAE

为“美国汽车工程师协会”的英文词头缩写)。

Shear Stability ability of a lubricant such a grease or VI improved Oil to withstand mechanical shearing without being degraded in conslstency or viscosity.

剪切稳定性 润滑产品(如润滑脂或高粘度指数油品)抵抗机械搅拌而不发生稠度或粘度降低的能力。

Soap General term for the“salt”of a fatty acid.Ordinary washing soaps are those Of sodium and potasstum.the soaps (of lithium,sodium,cadcium,barium and aluminum are the principal thickeners used in grease,making.

皂基 对脂肪酸盐的一般性称呼。普通洗涤皂是脂肪酸的钠盐和钾盐。而锂、钠、钙、钡和铝皂,则是生产润滑脂所用的主要稠化剂。

Solvent Neutral Oil(SNO) Base oil manufactured from solevt refined parafllnic lube distillates.

溶剂中和油(SNO) 利用石蜡油蒸馏得到的溶剂而生产出来的基础油。

Solevnt Refined A refining technique to improve the quality Of based oils using selective extraction Of undesirable compo-nents by means Of solvents.

溶剂精制 —利用溶剂作为手段(利用溶剂方式?),有选择性地萃取不需要的组份,进而提高基础油质量的一种精制工艺。

Spindle Oil Low viscosity oil intended for the lubricatio of high speed spindles such as those used in textile mills.

锭子油 用于高速锭子(如纺织机械上的锭子)润滑的低粘度润滑油。

Straight Mineral —Oils which do not contain compounds or“additives"".

纯矿物油 不含化合物或添加剂的油品。

Salfated Ash Residue that remains aftera sample Of oil has been oxidized under prescribed conditions and the resulting residue redused to a constant weight by heating with sulfuric acid. Used as a measure Of the amount of metallo—organic ad-difivas present in new oils.in used oils the determination may be affected by the presence Of incombustible contaminants such as lead alkyls,dust and wear metals.

硫酸盐灰分 油品试样在规定条件下经氧化形成残渣,并与硫酸一起加热,直至残渣重量降低到恒定值,此时的残渣被称为硫酸盐灰分。硫酸盐灰分被作为一种测定新油品中金属有机物添加剂数量的方法。在用过的油品中,这种测定方法的精确度会由于有不燃烧污染物(如:铅的烷基化物、灰尘以及金属磨屑)的存在而受到影响。

Thermal Stability The property Of alubricant which indicates its ability to resist cracking and decomposition on prolonged exposnre to elevated temperatures.

热稳定性 表明润滑油在长期高温环境中抵抗裂化和分解能力的指标。

Thickener The solid particles which are unformly dispersed to form the structure Of a lubricating grease in which the liquid lubricant is held.

增稠剂 指加入到润滑油中以形成润滑脂的固体颗粒物。这种固体颗粒物在润滑油中以未成形状态分散,形成润滑脂的结构,从而将液体润滑油容纳进这种结构中。

Timken OK Load Maximum loada lubricant will withstand without failure due to breakdown Of the lubricant film, as determined On the Timken EP Lubricant Tester.

Timken OK负荷 在Timken EP测试仪上测定的,润滑油所能承受的、不会因油膜破裂而失效的最大负荷。

Typical Test test results which are characteristics Of a product,normally mean values obtained from analysis Of a number of production batches Of that product.

典型测试 表明一种产品特性的试验结果,通常是对该产品的多个生产批次进行化验分析所得到的平均值。

Viscosity Measure Of the resistance to flow,or intemal friction,Of a fluid.Viscosity changes with temporature so the temperature at which the measuremem was made must always be specked.

运动粘度 表明一种流体抵抗流动或者说是内部摩擦的能力的度量值。运动粘度会随温度变化而变化,因此,在给出运动粘度的数值时,通常必须注明其测试温度。

viscosity index(VI) An arbitary scale used to show the relative magnitude Of viscosity changes with temperature.Higher VI oils have less change in viscosity with temperature.

粘度指数(VI) 表明粘度随温度变化相对程度的经验量值.粘度指数越高的油品,其粘度随温度的变化量就越小.

Worked Penetration The penetration of a sample of lubricating grease immediately after it has been brought to 25℃and Worked 60strokes in the ASTM grease Worker.

工作锥入度 在ASTM润滑脂工作机上,润滑脂样品在温度达到25℃并工作60冲次后立即测得的锥入度,即为工作锥入度

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Acid Number(AN) Milligrams Of KOH requirdd in tests tO neutralize all the acidic constituents present in a lg sample Of a petroleum product.Also formally called the Neutralization Number,this property is often used tO indicate the extent of con-tamination or oxidation Of used oils.

酸值(AN) 也称中和值,指中和1克油品试样中所有酸性物质所需氢氧化钾的毫克数。该性能指标通常用于表示已用过的油被污染和被氧化的程度。

Additive Any material that is incorporated into a product at relatively low concentration tO impart new properties Or enhanceexisting properties.

添加剂 以相对较低的浓度加入某一产品中,从而赋予该产品某种新的性能,或者增强其现有性能的任何材料,均称为添加剂。

Aniline point the minimum temperature for complete miscibility Of equal volumes Of aniline and the sample under test.Products containing aromatics or naphthenes have lower anilinc points than products containing paraffins.

苯胺点 指相同体积的苯胺与试样达到完全混溶所需的最低温度。含有芳烃和环烷烃的产品比含有石蜡的产品的苯胺点相对要低。

Antiwear(AW) Agent Additive that is active in preventing damage caused by occurrence Of solid phase welding between sliding surfaces without local surface melting.

抗磨(AW)添加剂 相互滑动的表面因发生相互摩擦会造成损坏。抗磨添加剂就是能有效防止这类磨损,同时又不会令发生滑动的表面熔化的添加剂。

APl Service Classification —A system Of letter designations agreed On by APl,SAE and AStM tO define broad classes Of engine service.Also a system Of service classifications for automotive gear lubricants.

APl适用级别分类 由API、SAE和ASTM共同商定并使用的一套英文字母代号,用以确定发动机油的主要适用级别,以及汽车变速箱润滑油的适用级别。

Aromatic A hydrocarbon derived from,or characterized by the presence of the benzene ring

芳烃 由苯环衍生出的、或因含有苯环而具有其特性的烃化物。

Bactericide Chemical compotmd which has the property of killing bacteria

杀菌剂 具有杀死细菌作用的化合物。

Base Number(BN) Quantity of hydrochloric(ASTM D974)or percldoric(ASTM D2896)acid expressed in mil ligrmns of KOH equivalent that is required to neutralize all the basic constituents of a l g sample of a petroleum product.

This property is uscd to indicate the capacity of an oil to counter the corrosive effects of acidic products of combustion.

碱值(BN) 中和存在于l克油品试样中全部碱组分所需要的盐酸(ASTM D974)或高氯酸(ASTM D2896)的数量,以相当的氢氧化钾毫克数表示。该性能用于表示油品抵抗酸性燃烧产物腐蚀作用的能力。

Bright Stock Refined,high viscosity lubricating oil usually made from residual stocks by suitable treatment,such asa combination of acid treatment or solvent extraction with dewaxing or clay finishing.

光亮油 通常由渣油经加工处理而制成的精炼、高粘度微个个润滑油。加工处理的方式包括:酸处理(或溶剂萃取)与脱蜡(或粘土精制)相结合。

Carbon Residue Standardized test which measures the amount of carbon left behind after pyrolysis under standard conditions.

残炭 用于在标准条件下,测定油品裂解后剩余碳量的标准化测试方法。

Cleveland Open Cup(Oc)Tester Apparatus used to detemine the flash and fire points of most petroleum productswith flash pemks above 79℃。

克利夫兰开口杯(COC)测定器 用于测定闪点高于79℃的大多数油品闪点和燃点的装置。

Cloud point Temperature at which a moticea ble cloud of crystals or other solid material appears when a sample is cooled ender prescribed conditions.

浊点 在规定条件下,当油样冷却至产生明显雾状时的温度。(产生雾状是由于有晶体形成或其他固态物质生成)

Complex Grease A lubdcating grease thickened by a complex soap consisting Of a normal soap and a comPlexmg agent.

The use Of soap complexes gives products which have higher dropping points than similar lubricants made from normal soaps.

复合润滑脂 指用复合皂(即由普通皂与复合剂组成)进行稠化制成的润滑脂。使用复合皂制成的润滑脂与使用普通皂制成的同类润滑脂相比,具有更高的滴点。

Defoamants(Foam lnhibitor) Additiveused used in lubricating oilst to assist the collapse Of surthce layers Of foam caused by agitation Of the release of entrained Or entrapped air.

抗泡添加剂(泡沫抑制剂) 加入到油品中、并令其产生的气泡表层破裂的添加剂。(润滑油内部气泡的形成。或由于搅拌、或由于其本身所夹带或滞留的空气被释放出来。)

Demulsibility Property of a lubricant tO separate from water.

抗乳化性 指润滑油与水分离的能力。

Density The mass Of liquid per unit Of volume Of substance at 15℃.

密度 在15℃的温度条件下,单位体积的某种物质所具有的液体质量。

Detergency Property Of a lubricating oil to reduce or prevent deposits formed under high temperature conditions Or as a re-suit Of the action on the oil of acidic contaminants.

清净性 指润滑油在高温条件下或在酸性污染物作用下,阻止或减少生成沉淀的能力。

Dielectric Strength A measure Of the insulating value Of an electrical insulating medium.The value depends to some ex—tent on the test method used.0

绝缘强度 指对一种电绝缘介质绝缘能力的量度。该数值在一定程度上取决于所使用的测量方法。

Dispcmancy Property Of an oil to disperseand suspend potential deposit—forming materials sO that they Can be removed from the system when the oil is drained.

分散性 油品所具有的分散和悬浮可能形成沉淀的物质、并在油品被抽出时将该物质带出系统的能力。

Dropping point —The temperatuer at which the first drop Of liquid separates when a grease is heated under prescribed conditions.

滴点 在规定条件下,将润滑脂加热至第一滴液体滴下时的温度。

Emulsion Intimate mixture Of two Or more materials which are immiscible Or partially miscible with each other.In most emulsions, one material is aqueous and the other is an oil.

乳化液 两种或两种以上互相不能溶混或仅能够部分溶混的物质所形成的完全混合物。

Extreme Pressure(EP) Additive —Chemical compound imparting extreme pressure characteristics tO a lubricant with the objecfive Of reducing wear under conditions where rubbing or sliding accompanies high contact pressures,as in heavily loaded gears,particulars Of the hypoid type.

极压(EP)添加剂 在伴随着高接触压力的摩擦和滑动的情况下(如:在重载齿轮,特别是准双曲面型齿轮中),能够赋予润滑油抗极压性能,以达到减轻磨损目的的化合物。

Film Srength Ability of a film Of lubricants tO resist rupture due tO load,speed and temperature.

油膜强度 润滑油油膜抵抗因负荷、速度和温度而造成破裂的能力。

Floc Point The lowest temperature at which vapors rising a sample will ignite momentarily On application Of a flame under specified conditions.

闪点 在规定条件下,油品加热后所逸出的蒸气与火焰接触发生瞬间闪火时的最低温度。

Flash Point The temperature at which a flocculent collection Of wax crystals first appears when a solution Of freon in oil is cooled under prescribed conditions.

絮凝点 在规定条件下,当把氟利昂的油溶液冷却到第一次出现蜡晶体的絮凝物时的温度。

FZG Load Stage The load which can be transmitted by a pair of gears under the conditions Of test and temperature in the FZG gear machine.

FZG 负荷试验 在FZG齿轮机器的测试条件和温度下,一对齿轮能够传递的负荷。

KOH Chemical symbol fOr the alkdine Compound pstassium hydroxide.

KOH 氢氧化钾碱性化合物的化学符号。

Load Garrying capacity A quantitative term to describe the ability Of a lubricant tO resistr film rupture and protect agaimt wear and surface destruction under conditions of high speeds, high loads,high temperatures Or combinations Of these.

承载能力 描述在高速度、高负荷、高温或这些因素同时作用的情况下,润滑油抵抗油膜破裂、抗磨损以及保护表面免受损坏的能力的定量参数。

Load一wear index An index Of the abiliLy Of a lubricant tO prevent wear under applied loads as determined in the Four—Ball EP Tester.

负荷 —磨损指数是衡量润滑油在四球极压试验中所施加的负荷下所表现出的抗磨能力的一项指数。

M1L Prefix designation for U.S Military Specifications.

MIL “美国军方标准”的英文词头缩写。

Molybdenum Disulfide Chemical compound Of molybdenum and sulfur which has exceUent properties as a solid lubricant due to the type Of moleeular structure Of the particles.

二硫化钼 钼和硫形成的化合物,由于其粒子的独特分子结构,因而成为性能卓越的固体润滑剂。

Multigrade see Multiviscosity.

多级别 见“多级粘度”。

Multipurpose Grease A lubricating grease suitable fOr a variety Of applications such as chassis, wheel bearings, univer—sal joints and water pumps On automotive equipment.

多用途润滑脂 指适合多种用途的润滑脂,如:车辆设备中的底盘、车轮轴承、万向节和水泵等的润滑。

Multiviscosity An Oil that meets the low temperature viscosity limits Of one 0f the SAE W numbers as well as the 100℃ viscosity limits Of,the non—W numbers.

多级粘度 既能达到SAE W前边的数字(如:5、10或15等)的低温粘度极限,同时又能达到SAE W后边的数字(如:30、40或50等)100粘度极限的油品。

Naphthenic having the characteristics Of naphthense,which are saturated hydrocarbons containing molecules with at least one closed ring Of carbon atoms.

环烷烃 具有环烷特性的、至少包含一个碳原子闭链的饱和烃。

NLGI Classficat Numbers A series Of numbers used tO classify the consistency(hardlless)Of a grease, based On a standard ASTM cone penetration test.

NLGI级数 根据ASTM针入度测试,用于划分润滑脂稠度(硬度)的——系列数字。

NLGI Service Classification System A system Of letter designations to define class Of automotive chassis and wheel bear-ing greases.

NLGI用途分类体系 用于定义机动车底盘和车轮轴承润滑脂分类的字母代号体系。

Oxidation Stability Ability of alubricant to resist oxidation and deterion resulting from high temperatues and/or ex—posure to air.

氧化稳定性 润滑油抵抗因高温和/或空气作用而氧化或变质的能力。

Paraffinic Having the chametefisties()rparaffins,saturated hydroeartx,nsOfopen(,hatn structure.

石蜡族 具有石蜡的特性、具开放式结构的饱和烃。

Penetration Consistency,expressed as the distance that a stanthtrd needle or cone penetrates vertically into a sample of the material under prescribed conditions Of loading,time and temperature

针(锥)入度 在规定的负荷、时间和温度等条件下,以标准化的针或锥垂直进入产品试样的深度来表示的稠度值。

Pour point lowest temperature at which aliquid petroleum product will flow when it is cooled under the conditions of the standant test methed.

倾点 在标准测定方式所规定的条件下,液体石油产品在被降温的过程中能维持流动的最低温度。

Pour Point Depressant An additive which lowers the pour pointroleum petroleum products contmnlng wax by reducing the tendency Of the wax tO collect into a solid mass.

降凝剂 通过抑制石蜡聚集成固体物质的趋向,从而降低含有石蜡的石油产品之倾点的一种添加剂。

Rust and Oxidation(R&O) Additives usd to enhance the rust and oxidation resistance Of oils and greases.

锈蚀和氧化(R&O) 用于提高润滑油和润滑脂的防锈和抗氧化能力的添加剂。

SAE Grade Grade indicating the viscocity range of a crankcase,transmission Of rear axle lubricant,according tO the sys—tems designed by SAE.

SAE级别 按照SAE设定的体系,表明用于车辆曲轴箱、变速箱和后轴的润滑油粘度范围的级别。 (SAE

为“美国汽车工程师协会”的英文词头缩写)。

Shear Stability ability of a lubricant such a grease or VI improved Oil to withstand mechanical shearing without being degraded in conslstency or viscosity.

剪切稳定性 润滑产品(如润滑脂或高粘度指数油品)抵抗机械搅拌而不发生稠度或粘度降低的能力。

Soap General term for the“salt”of a fatty acid.Ordinary washing soaps are those Of sodium and potasstum.the soaps (of lithium,sodium,cadcium,barium and aluminum are the principal thickeners used in grease,making.

皂基 对脂肪酸盐的一般性称呼。普通洗涤皂是脂肪酸的钠盐和钾盐。而锂、钠、钙、钡和铝皂,则是生产润滑脂所用的主要稠化剂。

Solvent Neutral Oil(SNO) Base oil manufactured from solevt refined parafllnic lube distillates.

溶剂中和油(SNO) 利用石蜡油蒸馏得到的溶剂而生产出来的基础油。

Solevnt Refined A refining technique to improve the quality Of based oils using selective extraction Of undesirable compo-nents by means Of solvents.

溶剂精制 —利用溶剂作为手段(利用溶剂方式?),有选择性地萃取不需要的组份,进而提高基础油质量的一种精制工艺。

Spindle Oil Low viscosity oil intended for the lubricatio of high speed spindles such as those used in textile mills.

锭子油 用于高速锭子(如纺织机械上的锭子)润滑的低粘度润滑油。

Straight Mineral —Oils which do not contain compounds or“additives"".

纯矿物油 不含化合物或添加剂的油品。

Salfated Ash Residue that remains aftera sample Of oil has been oxidized under prescribed conditions and the resulting residue redused to a constant weight by heating with sulfuric acid. Used as a measure Of the amount of metallo—organic ad-difivas present in new oils.in used oils the determination may be affected by the presence Of incombustible contaminants such as lead alkyls,dust and wear metals.

硫酸盐灰分 油品试样在规定条件下经氧化形成残渣,并与硫酸一起加热,直至残渣重量降低到恒定值,此时的残渣被称为硫酸盐灰分。硫酸盐灰分被作为一种测定新油品中金属有机物添加剂数量的方法。在用过的油品中,这种测定方法的精确度会由于有不燃烧污染物(如:铅的烷基化物、灰尘以及金属磨屑)的存在而受到影响。

Thermal Stability The property Of alubricant which indicates its ability to resist cracking and decomposition on prolonged exposnre to elevated temperatures.

热稳定性 表明润滑油在长期高温环境中抵抗裂化和分解能力的指标。

Thickener The solid particles which are unformly dispersed to form the structure Of a lubricating grease in which the liquid lubricant is held.

增稠剂 指加入到润滑油中以形成润滑脂的固体颗粒物。这种固体颗粒物在润滑油中以未成形状态分散,形成润滑脂的结构,从而将液体润滑油容纳进这种结构中。

Timken OK Load Maximum loada lubricant will withstand without failure due to breakdown Of the lubricant film, as determined On the Timken EP Lubricant Tester.

Timken OK负荷 在Timken EP测试仪上测定的,润滑油所能承受的、不会因油膜破裂而失效的最大负荷。

Typical Test test results which are characteristics Of a product,normally mean values obtained from analysis Of a number of production batches Of that product.

典型测试 表明一种产品特性的试验结果,通常是对该产品的多个生产批次进行化验分析所得到的平均值。

Viscosity Measure Of the resistance to flow,or intemal friction,Of a fluid.Viscosity changes with temporature so the temperature at which the measuremem was made must always be specked.

运动粘度 表明一种流体抵抗流动或者说是内部摩擦的能力的度量值。运动粘度会随温度变化而变化,因此,在给出运动粘度的数值时,通常必须注明其测试温度。

viscosity index(VI) An arbitary scale used to show the relative magnitude Of viscosity changes with temperature.Higher VI oils have less change in viscosity with temperature.

粘度指数(VI) 表明粘度随温度变化相对程度的经验量值.粘度指数越高的油品,其粘度随温度的变化量就越小.

Worked Penetration The penetration of a sample of lubricating grease immediately after it has been brought to 25℃and Worked 60strokes in the ASTM grease Worker.

工作锥入度 在ASTM润滑脂工作机上,润滑脂样品在温度达到25℃并工作60冲次后立即测得的锥入度,即为工作锥入度

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2023-01-09 11:57:572

卫衣有什么牌子?

问题一:卫衣有哪些好的品牌? 卫衣品牌2、TopmanTopman是Topshop的兄弟品牌。Topman为15~25岁的年轻时尚男士提供平价时尚男装,是来自英国的著名国际平价时尚男装品牌。Topman的品牌连锁店遍及英国和爱尔兰的高街。Topman和Topshop同为英国Arcadia服装集团下属品牌。卫衣品牌3、AeropostaleAeropostale是美国著名校园品牌,也是当今全美最红火的青少年服饰品牌,销售旺盛之势力压耐克、阿迪达斯等世界知名品牌。该品牌与AE,AF并驾齐驱,主导美国年轻人的服装市场。卫衣品牌4、老海军OLDNAVYoldnavy是美国的一个牌子,主要以休闲衣服为主,比较便宜,相当于真维斯等,中文的意思是老海军。卫衣品牌5、大嘴猴PaulFrank首先要说,这个美国牌子应该是没有标准中文译名,要在国内找的话,应该是直取它的标志性图案通常被叫做大嘴猴(这只猴子有名字的,叫Julius)。卫衣品牌6、橘滋JuicyCouture来自美国加州的著名品牌JuicyCouture,因狗仔 *** 名人大量曝光而成为瞩目焦点品牌。JuicyCouture品牌于1994年由PamelaSkaist-Levy及GelaTaylor创立,两人均为顶级设计师,市场推广专家及高尚而性感休闲服定男女装批发商。卫衣品牌7、萍果texwoodtexwood萍果牌是德士活集团的旗舰品牌,第一间专门售卖萍果牌服装的专卖店AppleShop萍果店分别于1985年及1993年于香港及广州开设,现时全国店铺已超过200间,遍及国内14个省。卫衣品牌8、康威kangwei中国体育用品标杆品牌,中国最早的体育用品品牌之一。康威品牌成立于1986年,是中国最早的体育用品品牌之一。康威品牌以提高中国体育运动服装的装备水平为己任,立足于全球化体育市场,不断延伸产品精髓,以稳步向前,永不言败的品牌经营理念,为消费者提供最可靠的运动服装产品。 问题二:哪个牌子的卫衣质量好又好看? gap、old navy、h&m、zara牌子的卫衣质量款式都不错,符合你的要求。我周围的好多朋友都穿Gap的卫衣。Gap服饰时尚,简洁、大方又休闲,非常适合年轻人的口味哦~ 问题三:卫衣哪个品牌比较好? gap、old navy、h&m、zara这些品牌都听好的,适合年轻人穿,并且款式多样,色彩多样,满足不同口味,我最喜欢gap里的经典款,一般都很好看,非常值得一试。 问题四:卫衣品牌^卫衣品牌有哪些? 好的卫衣品牌有:韩国TOSYQ、Topman、Aeropostale、老海军 OLD NAVY old navy、大嘴猴 Paul Frank、橘滋Ju浮cy Couture、亚历山大・麦昆、由你由我For You For Me、Abercrombie & Fitch等。 问题五:求哪个牌子的男卫衣好!!!! 1、JACK JONES 杰克琼斯 2、Secooler 3、Agitation 4、Yueyo/悦游 5、Qoqozozo 6、Menfiste 梦菲斯特 7、Jolles 8、Guuka/古由卡 9、英纵 10、Destro/迪斯特罗 问题六:什么牌子的女士卫衣比较好? 大嘴猴Paul Frank,优衣库UNIQLO,淑女屋 问题七:女式卫衣什么品牌性价比好 初语,店里卫衣很多 问题八:这个卫衣是什么牌子的? 您可以把截图发在穿穿app上,那里可以专门定制这个牌子的衣服哦 问题九:卫衣什么牌子好 a&f 三叶草 chocoolate izzue aape 问题十:男士卫衣什么牌子好 看你喜欢什么风格的了。 如果运动的:就大众一点nike,AD就行,三叶草的好看些,彪马的质量好,李宁现在也不错。 如果休闲的话:我个人喜欢esprit,以前买过杰克琼斯的,还行。对了,推荐你犀牛这个牌子,嘻哈的,不贵。
2023-01-09 11:58:101

抑郁症有哪些表现症状?

想不开,胡思乱想严重的话,甚至有寻死的可能,平常一定要跟朋友聊聊天,听听自己喜欢的音乐,有什么问题多跟家人沟通,晚上睡觉前喝杯纯牛奶可以帮助睡眠。
2023-01-09 11:58:1614

汉译法语

Opéra de Pékin, également connu sous le nom "peau jaune" son matériau musical, composé de deux tons de base Cipri "et" jaune ", également en même temps chanter quelques airs de petits locaux (cavité Ryuko, cavité de soufflage) et des airs de Kunqu. Il a formé à Beijing, le temps, en 1840, a prévalu dans trente ou quarante ans du 20ème siècle, quand l"Opéra National ". Maintenant, c"est l"impact des opéras nationaux. Sa gamme exhaustive de services, effectuer mature, dynamique macro Etats-Unis, des représentants de l"opéra chinois moderne. Opéra du Shaanxi, formé au milieu des Ming de la Chine, qui ont été Kun, de la cavité Yi, Yang comté cavité Clapper section hit, sons de haute fréquence, de l"agitation, plus de la magnifique performance de la douleur émotionnelle. Propagation Ming Qing au début tout le Nord et le Sud, de nombreux opéras ont des degrés d"impact. Le vieux Qinqiang les plus grands opéras des cinq provinces du nord-ouest. Large diffusion du Shaanxi Opera peut faire comprendre aux gens que la propagation de la force culturelle et économique de la synchronisation entre les régions et l"infiltration culturelle, avec l"extension d"une puissance économique régionale, au cœur de la culture lien inévitable économie au cœur. Opéra du Shaanxi largement diffusé dans les cinq provinces du Nord-Ouest a une longue histoire. Chinoise sous forme d"opéra traditionnel. Surtout populaire à Shanghai, Zhejiang, du Jiangsu, du Fujian et d"autres endroits. Plus de Shaoxing opéra lyrique, à chanter, tune Vous Wanli, beau sonner, vraiment émouvant des spectacles, une grande Jiangnan couleur locale. Les performances Shaoxing acteur d"opéra de jeunesse de catégories masculines changé après le tout-femelle. Zhejiang Shengzhou forme comté quartier populaire du rap au chant livre étage "Shaoxing opéra prédécesseur, 32 années de la dynastie des Qing (1906) de printemps ont commencé à évoluer vers la forme de spectacles d"opéra dans le bureau de l"herbe en milieu rural, a déclaré classes de petite chanson, les classes Benedict, et Shao Xingwen jouer. L"artiste initiale agriculture essentiellement masculine agriculteurs et des arts, les classes dites masculines. République populaire de Chine 14 ans (1925) 17 septembre appelée «Shaoxing Opéra" pour la première fois à Shanghai publicité »Nouvelles affaires" show
2023-01-09 11:59:531

摄影行业专业英语用语(2)

摄影行业专业英语用语  double exposure lock 重拍掣   double extension (镜头的) 双倍延长   doublet 二合镜片   Dove prism 鸽尾型棱镜,道威棱镜   doyble refraction =birefringence双重折射   dropping bottle 滴水瓶   drum processor 冲筒   dry mount 干裱   dry mount tissue 干旅胶片   dry plate 干片,早期用玻璃片基时,感光禁膜可以在吹干后才应用的种类   drying 干化   drying cabinet 干片柜   drying equipment 干片器   drying marks 干后痕迹   drying racks 干片架   dual mode enlarger 两用放大机,指可变成翻拍用途的放大机   dummy filter =blank filter空白滤光片,作为封焦等操作的预算,使应用滤片拍摄时不含产生误差   duplicate 翻拍副本   duplicate color slide 翻拍正片   duplicate film 翻拍菲林   duplicate negative 翻拍负片   duplicator 翻拍器   Dusting-on process 干粉放相法 (参阅附录)   dye sensitizing 染料增感   dye transfer process 相片染印法 (参阅附录)   dyeline printer 重氮氨基制图器   dyes 染料   endoscope 内窥仪   easel 定位板 (放相用 )   Eberhard effect 依巴克 (埃伯哈德) 效应,微粒显化因面积比例产生的近边沿积聚效应 (参阅附录)   ebonite 硬象胶   Eburneum process 仿象牙印相法 (参阅附录)   eccentric panel (大底相机) 镜头板之一,镜头座不在镜板中心位置,增大移动幅度   Ecological Photography 生态摄影   edge diffraction 【光】 边缘绕射   edge effect 像缘效应,影像边沿显影产生的密度差异 (参阅附录)   editing 剪辑   editing viewer 剪辑观像器   editor 剪辑者   EDTA 【化】=etyhlenediaminetetraacetic acid 乙二铵四醋酸, 用于显影及漂白药   effective aperture 实效光圈   effects 效应,效果   eighteen percent reflection grey card 18%反光率的中性灰咕   electric eye 电眼   Electro Photography 电子摄影   electrofax 电子传像   electroluminescence 电子光   electrolysis 电解显影   electrolytic developing 电解显影   electronic flash 电子闪光澄   electronic printing 电子制像   elements of lens 组成镜头的镜片   ellipsoid 椭圆体   elliptical coma 【光】呈楠圆的彗星形像差   elliptical mirror 椭圆体镜   elliptical reflector 椭圆体反射器   elongation 影像延长变形,多发生在广角镜头的边沿部份   elongation factor 影像延长因子   emulsion 药膜   emulsion number 药膜编号   endoscope 内窥仪   endoscopic camera 内窥相机   endoscopic photography 内窥摄影   enlargement 放大   enlarger 放大机   enlarging 放大   enlarging lens 放大机镜头   enlarging meter 放相测光表   enlarging paper 相纸   enlarging photometer 放相测光表   enlarging timer 放相定时器   entrance pupil 前透光孔   epidiascope 两用投影机 (透明片或实物)   episcope 实物投影机   equivalent focal length 等效焦距   erasure (录像或磁盘) 洗影或洗音   ester base 矫基盐片基   ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 【化】简称EDTA,乙二铵四醋酸 ( 用于显影及漂白药 )   EV 曝光值,exposure value的简称   exit pupil 后透光孔,指镜头后段透光向菲林的位置   expiry date 失效日期   exposure 曝光   exposure factor 曝光系数   exposure latitude 曝光宽容度   exposure meter 测光表   exposure photometer 测光表   exposure range 曝光范围   exposure timer 曝光定时器   exposure value 曝光值,简称EV   eye cup 眼罩   eye level 视平线   eye level finder 视平式观景器   eyepiece 目镜   f-number 光圈值   fabric printing 布底印相法   factorial development 分段显影   fade-in fade-out 淡出淡入 (活动影像的特效画面)   fading 淡化   Fahrenheit scale 【华氏】温度单位   Fashion Photography 时装摄影   faults 错误   fibre-optical system 纤维光学系统   fiducial marks 基准记号   fiducial slide 基准定位片   field camera 大底相机之一,作户外拍摄用途   field curvature 【光】像场弯曲   field flattener 【光】矫正像场平面镜片   field of view 观景范围   field performance 【光】镜头像场测试   figurign 【化】精磨,制造镜头过程之一,使镜片变成光滑,可以进行装制镜头   filament 灯丝   fill-in light 补光   film 菲林   film base 菲林片基   film chamber (相机)装菲林格   film feed chamber 相机)卷菲林格   film format 菲林幅度   film holder 菲林匣   film magazine 菲林匣座,俗称龟背   film speed 菲林感光速度   film take up chamber (相机) 卷菲林格   filmstrip 条状正片 1.滤光片 2.过滤器   filter factor 滤光片曝光系数   filter holder 滤光片夹   filter turrets 滤片圆盘,安装三个以上的滤光片在一个圆盘中   fine grain 幼微粒   fine grain developer 幼微粒颜影药   fisheye lens 鱼眼镜头 (取景角度达180度)   fith-order aberration 【光】第五阶段像差   fixation 定影   fixed focus 固定焦距   fixer 定影药   fixing 定影过程   fixing bath 定影冲洗   flange 1.机身接镜环 2.凸缘 (在非球面镜头矫正球面差的部份)   flange focal distance 镜座距,指镜头座与菲林平面的距离   flare 流光 (例如非加膜镜头的雾化结果)   flare factor 流光因子   flash 闪光   flash bulb 闪光胆   flash exposure guide number 闪光灯曝光指数   flash strobe 频闪闪光灯   flash synchronization 闪灯同步   flash tube 闪光管   flashgun 闪光灯   flint glass F号玻璃,俗称火石玻璃,雅比数值低过50的光学玻璃   floating element 【光】浮动镜片   floppy 磁盘   flow camera 平移式相机,用于拍摄微型记录菲林的相机之一   fluorite 萤石   focal 聚焦的   focal length 焦距   focal plane 焦点平面   focal plane shutter 焦点平面快门   focal poing 【光】聚焦点   foci 焦点focus 的众数   focus 焦点   focus extension 镜头对焦伸长度,亦称lens extension   focusing 对焦   focusing adaptor 对焦附加器   focusing cloth 对焦遮光布   focusing hood 对焦遮光罩   focusing mount 对焦接环   focusing range 对焦范围   focusing ring 对焦环   focusing scale 对焦刻度   focusing screen 对焦屏   focusing slide 对焦定位片   focusing travel 对焦移限   fog 灰雾,雾化   fog filter 雾化滤片   fogging agent 雾化剂   foot-candle 烛光呎 (光度单位)   foot-lambert 朗伯呎 (光度单位)   force processing 增感冲洗,俗称谷冲或迫冲   forked lighting 叉形静电纹, 印 branch static 的别称   formaldehyde 【化】甲醛 ( 用于显影药及坚膜药)   formats (相机或菲林) 幅度   forward focal point 【光】前聚焦点   forward nodal point 【光】前节点   forward-feed (录像或磁盘) 向前推进   Fourier Analysis 傅里叶分析   Fourier techniques 傅里叶法   Fourier transformation 傅里叶换式   frame counter 格数计   frame finder 取子器   framing 1.框景 2.裁相   framing error 取景误差   frequency filter = absorption filter色谱滤片   frequency response 频率反应   Fresnel bi-prism 芬劳 (菲涅耳) 式双棱镜   Fresnel screen 芬劳 (菲涅耳) 透光屏   fringe effects 条纹效应   front cell focusing 【光】前置镜组封焦   front focal plane 【光】前焦平面   front focal point 【光】前聚焦点   front focusing 前移对焦   front nodal point 【光】 前节点   front projection 前方投影   fused silica 焙合硅石   gadget bag 相机袋,俗称外影袋   gallon 加仑 (容量单位) 英制=4.5公升,美制=3.8公升   gamma γ加玛,指反差值   gamma infinitive 反差极限值   gas burst agitation 气体搅动   gate 光闸 (电影机或放影机的透光闸)   Gaussian optics 高斯光学, 亦称 para axial optics 专门研究中心光轴及其平衡光轴的变化   gel 凝胶   gelatin 明胶,俗称鱼胶   generating 【光】曲面磨,制造镜头过程之一,使镜片形成球面状   geometric distortion 几何式变形,指用广角镜时边沿的影像产生的变形   ghost image 有鬼影的影像   giant enlargement 巨幅放大法   glacial acetic acid 【化】冰醋酸,即 acetic acid glacial用于急制及定影药   Glamour Photography 美感摄影,常指以女性为题材   glare 眩光   glass bead screen 珠面银幕   glass pictures 玻璃相片 (以玻璃做片基的相片 )   Glauber""s salt 【化】 = sodium sulphate decahydrate 硫酸钠 , 芒硝 , 俗称元明粉,用于配合高温应用的显影药   glazer 过光机   glazing machine 自动过先机   glossy paper 光面相纸   glycin 【化】对苯基甘氯酸, 显影剂之一   GN 闪灯指数,guide number 的简称   gradation 层次   grade 1.级别 2.相纸 (反差) 级号   gradient 倾斜率,梯度   graduate 量杯   graduated filter 渐变滤片   grain 1.微粒 2.格令 (重量单位) =0.0648克   graininess 颗粒性,微粒性的主观感受   gram 【克】,重量单位   granularity 颗粒度,微粒幼度单位   Graphic Arts 平面艺术   graticule =reticule,reticle ( 观景片或对焦屏 ) 标线   gray scale 灰阶   green 绿色   grip 手柄   ground glass 磨砂玻璃   ground glass screen 磨砂对焦屏   guide number 简称GN,门灯指数,以距离计算出光圈   gum arabic 阿拉伯树胶,亦称 arabic gum   gum bichromate process 树胶重铬酸盐印相法 (参阅附录)   gun camera 军事射靶记录相机   H & D curve 克特. 德菲曲线,表示感光体的变化特性 Hurter & Driffeld curve 的简称   halation 晕光   half plate 半片 (指 4"x5" 菲林的一半)   half-frame camera 半格相机   half-speed 【光】棱镜之一(移动时影像比棱镜速度加倍)   halftone screen 灰网,印刷制版用   halftones 灰调   halo 【光】光晕,因镜头的球面差而产生使用较大光田时可能产生的现象   halogen 【化】 卤素 ( 例如氟fluorine , 氯chlorine)   hand camera 手持式相机 (2"x2.5" 以下的相机)   hard water 硬水   hard(paper) 反差高(相纸)   hardener 坚膜药   hardening bath 坚膜液   hardening fixer 坚膜定影药   haze 雾气   haze filter 雾化滤光片   heat absorbing filter 吸热滤片   heat filter 隔热片   heat recording 热能记录 (记录物体的温度分布情形)   helical (screw) mount 螺旋形接环   Heliography 凸版摄制法,即最早期摄影的方法   Heliotype 太阳印相法,重铬酸盐制版法之一 (参阅附录)   Herschel effect 赫素效应   high band 高文件效率,录像的模式之一,影像比低文件优胜,但音响较差   high contrast 高反差   high contrast developer 高反差显影药   high key 高色调相片 (指画面以白色为主的相片 )   High Speed Photography 高速摄影   higher density 较高密度   higher order aberration 高档像差   highlights 高光位,高光点   Hologram 全息摄影作品   Holography 全息摄影   honeycomb 蜂巢式光闸,闪灯或射灯用   hood 罩,遮光革   horizontal enlarger 水平式放大机,通常用于大尺寸底片   hot spot 强光点   hot water bath development 热水式降反差放相法   Hurter & Driffield development 克特.德菲曲线 (表示感光体的变化特性) ,简称H & D curve   hydroquinone 【化】对苯二酚,俗称坚安,显影剂之一   hyper sensitizing 增感法 (使菲林提高感旋光性能)   hyper stereoscopy 立体摄影法之一   hyperfocal 超焦距   hyperfocal distance 超焦距位置   hypo 【化】sodium thiosulfate硫代硫酸钠的俗称,即大梳打,定影剂之一   hypo clearing agent 大梳打清洁药   hypo eliminator 大梳打清剂   hypo test solution 大梳打测试液   identity photographs 证件相片   Ifrared Photography 即影印有摄影   illuminatin meter 照明度测光表,即一般的测光表   illumination 照明度   image 影像   image contrast 影像反差   image dissection 影像分析   image intensification 影像加厚法   image size 影像尺寸   image stream 【光】流影,指在影像边沿因有彗星状变形或色散而产生有方向性的水流式松蒙   imageamplifier 影像增益器   imagesharpness 影像清晰度   imagestructure 影像结构   in focus 准确封焦   incandescent light 长明灯   incident angle 【光】入射角   incident light 入射光   incident light meter 入射式测光表   indicator 1.指示器 2.指示剂   indicator stop bath 指示式 (急制) 停影药   indirect light 间接光   indoor photography 室内摄影   induction 感应   induction period 感应期   Industrial Photography 工业摄影   Industrial Radiography 工业用X光摄影   infectious development 感染式摄影   infinity 无限远   infrared film 红外线菲林   infrared filter 红外线滤光片   initial agitation 首次搅动 (冲洗菲林等)   instant photography 即影印有摄影   instant return mirror 实时回位镜 (在单镜反光机中将影像折射向观景器而拍摄时该镜片弹起使影像投向菲林之后再回落原来位置)   integrating exposure meter 长时间测光表   intensification 加厚法   intensifier 加强剂,加厚剂   intensifying screen X光摄影的增光屏   interference 【光】 光线干扰   internegative(film) 中间负片   intersectin of third 三份一构图的方法   inverse square law 【光】平方反比律   inverted telephoto lens =retrofocus Iens 广角镜头之一种 (扩大后组焦距的设计)   invertible tank 可倒转冲罐   iodide 【化】碘化物   iodine 碘   iodine Quartz 碘化石英灯,俗称石英胆或卤素胆   ion 离子   ionization 电离作用   iris 虹膜〈光圈〉   iris diaphragm 光圈叶, 亦称 diaphragm   irradiation 1.光渗 2.发光,辐射   ivorytype 象牙色印相法 (参阅附录)   join-up 组合画面﹝指放幻灯片、电影或电视时由多个画面组成一个大画面的形式﹞   joule 焦耳,常指闪光灯强度   K-filter 即黄色反差滤光镜的别称   keeping quality 保存质素   Kelvin degree 色温、绝封温度的单位   Kerr cell 克尔透光盒 (真正的电子快门,利用盒中的高低电压使光线透过时间可短至一百万份之一秒,但仍未可真正的应用 )   key (相片的) 调子,分高色调及低色调   kilowatt 千瓦   kilowatt hour 千瓦小时   kinematograph 电影放影机,亦称 cinematograph   kink marks 折痕 (因菲林被物体磨擦或折曲而产生的花痕)   knife edge 插刀式砌口   knife edge mask 插刀式边沿遮板,亦称 soft edge mask,使重拍时两个或多个画面相互淡化吻合,形成完整的主面   Kostinsky effect 高斯丁斯基效应 (参阅附录)   Kurz flint 雅比数值低过50的F号玻璃,俗称火石玻璃之一   Lambert""s Cosine Law 朗伯余弦定律 (参阅附录)   Lamphouse 灯箱   lantern slide 幻灯片的早期名称,指在灯箱或幻灯机前观看的正片   lanthanum 镧,钸族的稀土金属,用于制造光学玻璃   lapping 【光】 幼磨,制造镜头过程之一,把粗磨及曲磨镜片产生的瑕疵磨去   LASER = Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation , 激光的简称   Latensification 后增感法 (在菲林感光后,用化学物或弱光再次曝光,使菲林的潜像加强,但会有多少雾化的现象)   latent image 潜像 (指感光体在曝光后形成的潜在影像)   latent sub-image 聚核潜像﹝由两粒已感光的银粒并合成的稳定潜像﹞   lateral
2023-01-09 11:59:591

差用英语怎么说啊

差:1.difference2.error3.discrepancy4.to differ5.to err6.to make a mistake7.to lack8.poor9.uneven10.send11.agitation error12.appreciable error13.failure> Examples:1.质量虽差,但仍能接受.The quality is n...
2023-01-09 12:00:051

英文临别赠言

  赠言临别给朋友留下的忠告或鼓励的话; 给朋友送礼物时附赠的话。赠言可以直接当面讲,也可以写在纸上,礼品上赠送。下面就是我整理的英文临别赠言,一起来看一下吧。   英文临别赠言:   1, gently, you go, waved sleeves, do not take a cloud, the sun sent you on a journey, the breeze send you away. Only wish you an early return, next month, window, once again double shadow.   2, do not have to face the towering peaks of wander hesitate, don"t give up hope and hard work had. We should have such ideological preparation: there is no royal road in business!   3, from snow to grass, that"s the way to the spring in winter. From failure to success, it"s the way you run through the ice through the snow.   4, your teaching career, there are countless proud and happy memories, but you treasure them in the bottom of my heart, but just staring at the garden to be opened.   5, on the journey of life, you enrich my mind, develop my intelligence, and ignite the light of hope for me. Thank you, teacher!   6, good memories hidden deep blessings, warm thoughts, take silent prayer: take care of yourself, study back.   7, may you like that small stream, the high mountain as the starting point of life, all the way to jump, all the way Pentium, bravely and courageously to the sea of life......   8, parting tears is the sea, reunion of the embrace is the sail. Parting is to meet again. Parting is to meet again.   9, when Love waves was overthrown, we should break up amicably, say goodbye"!   10, people often use candles as a teacher, but I have fun to describe you with matches. The candles seem to be too sentimental, and matches in the students lit the fire of wisdom, a blaze of light.   11, if I were a poet, I would write poems with great enthusiasm and praise the vastness and the depth of the sea. And dedicate it to you -- my broad-minded and profound teacher.   12, my friend, we want to be separated for the moment, "treasure", I will not say any more. In the desire to go to the night, trying to cast a few small Morningstar; although not much light, but also can make the early people happy.   13, you are like a candle, gave all the heat and light for the younger generation! Your character and spirit can be burned in two words! Keep burning!   14, because of your guidance and assistance, so that the whole project can be improved, but also learn from you the implementation of the specific profession. Although you usually not much, but your professional and responsible attitude has deeply affected me, gave me great inspiration. It"s so nice to meet you. Your friendship, I will cherish.   15, the remotest corners of the globe have to do, only Shien infinite period. Thank you, teacher!   16, teachers, we all say that you train the pillars of the motherland, but I would like to say that you are the backbone of the motherland. It is you who support the backbone of our generation!   17, teacher, you use human"s most lofty emotion - love, sow the spring, sow the ideal, sow the power......   18, if you do not have the fountain of thought, how can bloom so many beautiful flowers of the soul? Ah, teacher, the engineer of the human soul, who is not praising you?!   19, we have to separate, say goodbye softly, thank you, thank you for giving me a deep friendship.   20, we just hurriedly farewell, the train took away a brief spring. The rain left for me come love, dream I see you.   21, my sincere congratulations, with wisdom, talent, courage and perseverance, opens one to belong to your land.   22, ah, you may go in time on the waves, ride the wind and waves, towards the success of the other side!   23, ah, with you, the garden was so beautiful, the earth was full of spring! Teacher, open the window and see, this spring, the peach garden, in salute to you!   24, we meet in strange times, we parted, after familiar. Tomorrow, we will go to the map of life to find their new position, let us use their own flashing stars, mutual inquiry, expression.   25, you will leave tomorrow, but don"t forget to take away my love, leave your heart.   26, can not keep the time to separate us, please leave my affection in your heart. When the clouds fly down, I"ll greet you at all times.   27, "life is most afraid of injury parting."". About to leave once fought in perfect sympathy with each other dear comrades, the mood is so reluctant to part; although we will also work together in Luzhou mobile family, but can not think of every day together, always sway to the lonely heart. However, there is no feast ", the market has begun to sound drum tight push, the journey of life, we also need to continue to struggle, let us cheer into a new round of the work and life of the battle! I hope and believe that my colleagues can realize the ambition in the future display skills to the full!   28, the language of your lecture, sweet like buzz spring, kind of like a babbling brook, agitation such as liquid flows......   29, your classes are so rich and varied, each chapter in front of me to open a window, let me see a gorgeous new world......   30, the value of fireflies is to use the lamp hanging in the back of the lamp, according to others; your honorable, is always to provide convenience for others.   翻译:   1、轻轻地,你走了,挥挥衣袖,不带走一片云彩,夕阳送你登程,轻风送你远行。惟愿你早日归来,月下、窗前,再次双双成影。   2、不必面对高耸的峰巅踯躅犹豫,不要放弃当初的希望和努力。我们早应有这样的思想准备:在事业上没有坦途!   3、从冰雪到绿草,那是冬天走向春天的路。从失败到成功,那是你冒着风雪,踏着冰层闯出来的路。   4、您的教师生涯,有无数骄傲和幸福的回忆,但您把它们珍藏在心底,而只是注视着一待开拓的园地。   5、人生旅程上,您丰富我的心灵,开发我的智力,为我点燃了希望的光芒。谢谢您,老师!   6、美好的回忆中藏进深深的祝福,温馨的思念里带去默默的祈祷:多多保重,学成归来。   7、愿你像那小小的溪流,将那高高的山峰作为生命的起点,一路跳跃,一路奔腾,勇敢地、勇敢地奔向生活的大海......   8、离别的眼泪是海,重逢的相拥是帆。离别是为了再相逢。离别是为了再相逢。   9、当爱情的浪涛被推翻以后,我们应当友好地分手,说一声"再见"!   10、人们常以蜡烛喻教师,我却乐以火柴来形容你。蜡烛似乎太感伤,而火柴则贵在点燃莘莘学子的智慧之火,发出烨烨光焰。   11、假如我是诗人,我将以满腔的热情写下诗篇,赞美大海的辽阔和深远。并把它献给您--我的胸怀博大,知识精深的老师。   12、我的朋友,我们要暂时分别了,"珍重珍重"的话,我也不再说了。在这欲去未去的夜色里,努力铸造几颗小晨星;虽然没有多大光明,但也能使那早行的人高兴。   13、您像一支红烛,为后辈献出了所有的热和光!您的品格和精神,可以用两个字就是--燃烧!不停的燃烧!   14、由于你的指导与协助,让整个专案能够有所改善,也从你身上学到专案执行该有的专业。虽然你平时并不多话,但你的敬业负责任的态度却深深的影响着我,给我莫大的启示。能够认识你真是太好了。你的友谊我也会好好珍惜。   15、天涯海角有尽处,只有师恩无穷期。感谢您,老师!   16、老师,大家都说您培养着祖国的栋梁;我却要说,您就是祖国的栋梁。正是您,支撑起我们一代人的脊梁!   17、老师,您用人类最崇高的感情──爱,播种春天,播种理想,播种力量......   18、如果没有您思想之泉的滋润,怎么会绽开那么多美好的灵魂之花?啊,老师,人类灵魂的工程师,有谁不在将您赞扬!   19、我们不得不分离,轻声地说声再见;心里存着感谢,感谢你曾给我一份深厚的友谊。   20、我们只是匆匆告别,列车带走了短暂的春天。春雨替我留下淅沥的眷恋,梦境中你我再见。   21、衷心地祝贺你,用智慧、才情、胆略和毅力,开辟出一块属于你自己的土地。   22、啊,愿你们在飞逝而去的时间波涛上,乘风破浪,驶向成功的彼岸!   23、啊,有了您,花园才这般艳丽,大地才充满春意!老师,快推开窗子看吧,这满园春色,这满园桃李,都在向您敬礼!   24、我们相逢在陌生时,我们分手在熟悉后。明天,我们要到生活的星图上去寻找自己的新位置,让我们用自己闪烁的星光相互问讯表情达意。   25、你明日就要启程,可别忘记带走我的`那份情,留下你的那颗心。   26、留不住的时光把我们分离,请把我的情意留在你心里。白云悠悠朝飞暮渡,我会时刻托它问候你。   27、"人生最怕伤离别"。即将离开曾经肝胆相照并肩战斗的各位战友,心情是如此的依依不舍;虽然我们也还将在泸州移动大家庭中一起工作,但想到不能再日日相聚,心中的落寞始终挥洒不去。然而,"天下没有不散的筵席",市场的战鼓已开始声声紧催,人生的旅程还需要我们去不断拼搏,让我们都振奋精神,投入新一轮的工作和生活的战斗!我期待并坚信各位同仁都能在未来的日子里大显身手大展宏图!   28、您讲课的语言,悦耳像叮咚的山泉,亲切似潺潺的小溪,激越如奔泻的江流......   29、您讲的课,是那样丰富多采,每一个章节都仿佛在我面前打开了一扇窗户,让我看到了一个斑斓的新世界......   30、萤火虫的可贵,在于用那盏挂在后尾的灯,专照别人;您的可敬,则在于总是给别人提供方便。
2023-01-09 12:00:111

请翻译下10句 谢谢

不要计数在其他做出您的决定或计划。 您是您自己的marste。 作为 active学生。 您应该计划您的生活,并且处理您的研究的您的学院生活勇敢地从开始勇敢地面对您的麻烦和不要跑掉。 A结束语:认为creatvely,当考虑时哪些工作追求,在毕业您的选择比您也许认为是变化之后 Understaning、爱和容忍是来到地道友谊的前三精华。 其他质量也有关例如有思想性,信任,并且耐心记住,友谊是您的灵魂的卫兵,珍惜它。 与奥林匹克火炬的The赛跑者然后进入体育场和lighrs火焰。 从主办国的一位运动员代表所有竞争者立下奥林匹克誓言。 法官和官员也立下誓言。 在运动员前进在体育场外面之后,主办国在美妙的显示投入。 Symptoms在腰部和滞后包括酸疼缺乏能量、消沉、缓慢的反应、失眠、鼓动、恶劣的记忆或者有时的呼吸浅短,冒汗和。 在另一只手,富裕的学生, thoughr恶劣uncintident,性格内向,反社会和相信他们的学习的原因是粗俗和低的
2023-01-09 12:00:332

imitation是什么意思

imitation[英][ˌɪmɪˈteɪʃn][美][ˌɪmɪˈteʃən]n.仿制品; 模仿,仿效; 赝品; [生]拟态; adj.仿制的; 人造的; 1They discussed important issues in imitation of their elders.他们模仿长辈的口气讨论重要问题。
2023-01-09 12:00:422

各种军用名词的英文简称(如核生话防护服是N什么A)

  A  AA制 指聚餐会账时各人平摊出钱或个人算各人的账的做法。  AB角 指在AB制中担任同一角色的两个演员。  ABC A、B、C是拉丁字母中的前三个,用来指一般常识或浅显的道理(有时也用做书名)。  Access 微软公司生产的数据库软件  Acer 宏基,台湾电脑公司名,主要生产个人电脑产品  AD(advertisement)广告  ADD(address)地址  AIDS(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)“获得性免疫缺损综合症”,音译“爱兹病、爱滋病、艾滋病”  AMD 美国AMD公司,主要生产计算机的CPU芯片  AOL(American On-Line)美国在线服务公司  ASCII(American National Standard Code for Interchange)美国国家信息交换标准代码。  ASE(American Stock Exchange) 美国证券交易所  ASP(Active Server Pages)动态网页  ATM(Automatic Teller Machine)自动取款(出纳)机  AV 音频(audio)视频(video)的简称  A股 我国公司发行的票面价格、市场交易价格、股息红利发放均以人民币计价的股票  B  BASIC(beginner"s all-purpose symbolic instruction code)初学者通用符号指令码。  BBS 电子布告栏系统  BP机 无线传呼机,也叫寻呼机。[BP,英beeper]  Big5 大五码 中文内码之一,此码代表中文繁体字,为港、台地区广泛使用。  BMG公司名  B-52战斗机型号  B超 (1)B型超声诊断的简称;(2)B型超声诊断仪的简称,利用超声脉冲回波幅度调制荧光屏辉度分布而显示人体断面像并从中获得临床诊断信息的装置  B股 我国公司发行的以人民币标明免职,专供境外投资者以外汇买卖的股票  C  CA 美国Computing Associates 公司, 全球著名的最大软件公司之一  CAD (computeiraided design)计算机辅助设计  CBD Central Business District中央商务区  CCTV 中央电视台英文简称  C-Cube 美国专门生产解码芯片的企业名称  CD(compact disc)激光唱盘、光碟  CDMA(Code-Division Multiple Access)通用分组无线业务,是在现有的GSM移动通信系统上发展出来的一种新的分组数据承载业务  CD-ROM只读光盘  CEO(Chief Executive Officer)首席执行官  Cernet(China Education and Research Network )中国教育和科研网  CFO(Chief Finance Officer)首席财务官  CIA(The Central Intelligence Agency)中央情报局  Cisco系统公司名,企业网络产品的全球领先供应商  CI设计(Corporate Identity)企业形象识别系统战略  CN 域名China,中国  CNNIC中国互联网络信息中心  CNPAC公共数据交换网  COM 域名 Commercial organizations 商业组织、公司  Compaq 美国康柏公司,世界著名的电脑生产厂家  CPU(Central processing unit)中央处理器  CTO首席技术官  C语言 一种计算机程序编写语言  D  DDT 滴滴涕,一种杀虫剂。  DEC(The Digital Equipment Corporation of U.S.A.)美国数字设备公司  Dell 戴尔公司, 美国最大电脑厂商之一  DIY(Do It Yourself)自己组装  DJ 主持人  DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)脱氧核糖核算。  DOC Word文档格式  DOS (disk operating system)磁盘操作系统  DSP(Digital signal processor)数字信号处理器  DVD(digital video CD)数字化视频光盘  E  e-Book电子书  e-mail电子邮件  EMC公司名  e-shop电子购物  Excel微软公司生产的表格处理软件  e化 网络化  F  FAC(facsimile) 传真  FAX 传真  FANS 狂热者、爱好者  FBI 美国联邦调查局  Firewall 防火墙,用来分割网域、过滤传送和接收资料、及防制非法入侵  FLASH 一种动画编辑工具  ftp(File Transfer Protocol) 文件传送/输协议  G  Gateway 网关,资料传输在不同的网段相接的接口  GATT(General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)关税及贸易总协定  GB 国标码,中文内码之一,此码代表中文简体字,在中国大陆地区广泛使用  GMAT(Graduate Management Admission Test,简称GMAT)管理类专业的究生入学考试  GNP(Gross National Product)国民生产总值  GPRS(General Packet Radio Service)通用分组无线业务的英文简称,是在现有的GSM系统上发展出来的一种新的分组数据承载业务。  GPS(Global Position System)全球定位系统  GRE(Graduate Record Examination) 美国研究生入学资格考试  GSM (Global System For Mobile),全球移动通信系统,它在蜂窝系统的基础上发展而成,属于第二代数字移动通信系统。  G蛋白 细胞膜内的一类与跨膜信息传递有关的特殊蛋白质。  H  HP惠普,美国公司名,世界著名的计算机设备生产厂商  HSK 汉语水平考试  HSR(high speed reader)高速阅读器  HTML 超文本标示语言  HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) WWW服务程序所用的协议  I  IBM(International Business Machine)美国国际商用机器公司  IC卡 (Intelligence Card)使用集成电路芯片实现数据存储与处理的智能卡  ICQ(I seek you)网上寻呼机  ID(identification, identity) 身分,身份  IDC(Internet Database Connector)互联网数据库连接头  IDE(Intelligent magnetic disc equipment)智能磁盘设备、集成电路设备  IE(Internet Explorer)浏览器  IEEE(Electric and electronic engineer"s association)电气及电子工程师协会  IELTS(International English Language Testing System,简称IELTS)雅思考试,由英国文化委员会(The British Council)、剑桥大学地方考试委员会(CUCLES)和澳大利亚教育国际开发署(IDP Education Australia)共同举办的国际英语水平测试  IM (Instant Message)即时消息  IMS(International Military Standardization) 国际军事标准化  Intel美国英特尔公司,以生产CPU芯片著称  Internet国际互联网  IP(Internet Protocol)网际协议  IP Address 网络协定位址,又称网络地址  IQ 智商  ISO(International Standardization Organization)国际标准化组织  ISP(Internet Service Provider)Internet因特网服务提供者,能提供拨号上网服务、网上浏览、下载文件、收发电子邮件等服务。  IT(information technology)信息技术  J  Java SUN公司研制的编程语言,用于编制面向网络的小应用程序(Applet),可使网页有动画的效果及运算的能力。  JCB作业控制块  JPEG联合图象专家组, 一种压缩标准。  K  Kbps(Kilo-Bytes(Bits) Per Second)每秒千字节或比特  KV3000 一种计算机病毒查杀软件  L  LAN局域网  LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示屏  LD (laser disc)激光视盘  Linux 一种可免费使用的UNIX操作系统, 运行于一般的PC机上  L.S.A.T(the Law School Admissions Test)法学院入学考试  Lycos 著名的WWW搜索引擎  M  MB兆字节  MBA(Master of Business Administration,简称MBA)工商管理硕士  MDI 多文档接口  MEA(Master of Education Administration,简称MEA)教育专业硕士  MHz兆赫(兹)  MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)麻省理工学院  Mk15武器系统型号  Modem调制解调器  Motorola摩托罗拉,美国公司名,以生产无线通讯产品著名  MPA (Master of Public Administration,简称MPA)公共管理专业硕士  MP3  MTV(music tevevision)音乐电视  MSN微软提供的网络在线服务  M-16枪械型号  N  NAI美国网络联盟  Nasdaq<美>全国证券交易商自动报价系统协会  NBC (National Broadcasting Company)国家广播公司/(Nuclear, Biological, Chemical)核生物化学总称  NCR(no carbon required (paper))涂面层直接复写打字纸,无碳复写纸  NEC 日本公司名,专门生产各种电子产品  NET[域] Network operations and service centers,网络服务商  Netscape美国Netscape公司,以开发Internet浏览器闻名  Nike美国运动品牌  NIPC国家基础组织保护中心  Nokia诺基亚,瑞典公司名,以生产无线通讯产品著名  O  OA(office automation)办公自动化  Office微软公司研制的办公软件  Oracle美国ORACLE公司, 主要生产数据库产品, 也是主要的网络计算机的倡导者  OS操作系统 Operating System作业系统的缩写  Outlook微软公司研制的收发邮件的软件  P  PC (personal computer)个人计算机  PC-Letter电脑寄信  PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) 个人数字助理  PDF Adobe的可移植文档格式文件的扩展名  Pentium 美国Intel公司生产的CPU芯片,中文译名?quot;奔腾"  PIM(Personal information management)个人信息管理应用程式  POS(Point Of Sells) 电子收款机系统  PowerPoint微软公司研制的幻灯片制作软件  PPA  PETS(Public English Test System,简称PETS)全国公共英语等级考试  P2P公司名  P4(Pentiem4)电脑型号  R  RDBMS关系型数据库管理系统  RIAA美国的音像工业协会  RPG(Role Play Games ) 角色扮演游戏  RSA算法  S  SBS2000(Microsoft Small Business Server2000)全功能中小企业服务器软件包  SDI(单文档接口)  Sharp日本夏普公司  Siemens 西门子,德国公司名,以生产电子、电气、工业设备等闻名  SMS移动通讯的短信息服务  SOHO  SOHU域名  SOS 国际曾通用的船舶、飞机等的呼救信号,也用于一般的求救或求助。  SONY索尼,日本公司名,以生产电子产品著名  SQL(Structured Query Language)结构化查询语言  T  TCL(Today China Lion)中国品牌名,以家用电子产品著名  TEL(telephone)电话  TI 美国德州仪器公司,生产芯片及计算机产品  TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language,简称TOEFL)是为申请到美国、加拿大等国家就读高等院校的非英语国家的学生提供的一种英语水平考试  TSE(Test of Spoken English,简称TSE)英语口语测试  T恤衫 一种T型短袖针织上衣  U  UFO飞碟,不明飞行物,[unidentified flying object的缩写]  UNIX(UNIX操作系统)一种多用户的计算机操作系统  USB(Universal Serial Bus ) Intel 公司开发的通用串行总线架构  V  VCD 视频高密光盘  VIP(very importent person)贵宾  VISA 维萨信用卡  VS(versus)与……相对,与,和  W  Web环球网  Webmaster网页管理者、版主  Winamp 播放Mp3等格式音乐的软件  Windows ME微软公司的操作系统  Windows NT微软公司的操作系统  Windows XP微软公司的操作系统  Windows 2000微软公司的操作系统  word微软公司研制的中文处理软件  WTO(world trade organization)世界贸易组织  WWW(World Wide Web)  X  XLS(Microsoft Excel)工作簿格式  X光  Y  Yahoo 雅虎,域名  Z  ZIP 一种程序压缩的档案文件格式  3A任何时间,任何地点,任何设备  3C即合作(Cooperation)合并(Consolidation)和混业经营(Inter Industry Competency)  导弹 missiles  洲际导弹 intercontinental missile  中程导弹 mediurn-range missile  巡航导弹 cruise missile  核弹头 nuclearwerhead  地对地导弹 surface to-surface missile  地对空导弹 surface-to-air missile  舰对空导弹 ship-to-air missile  空对空导弹 air-to-air missile  空对地导弹 air-to-surface missile  反幅射导弹 anti-radiation missile  反舰导弹 anti-ship missile  反潜导弹 anti-submarine missile  自导鱼雷 homing torpado  弹翼 missile wing  减速伞 drag parachute  制导装置 guidance device  弹体 guided missile doby  固体火箭发动机 solid propellant rocket  尾翼 tail fin  飞行弹道 trajectory  发射制导装置 launching guidance device  发射管 launching tube  反弹道导弹 anti-ballistic missile  集束炸弹 bomb-cluster  地下井 missile silo  移动式井盖 sliding silo door  火箭发射场 rocket launching site  发射塔 launching tower  勤务塔 service tower  核武器 nuclear weapons  燃料库 fuel depot; fuel reservoir  指挥室 command post  通气道 air vent; ventilation shaft  多级火箭 multistage rocket  再入大气层飞行器 re-entry vehicle  原子弹 atomic bomb  氢弹 hydrogen bomb  引爆装置 igniter  热核燃料 fusionable material  蘑菇状烟云 mushroom cloud  冲击波 shock wave; blast wave  放射性落下灰尘 radioactive fallout  核爆炸观测仪 nuclear explosion observation device  辐射仪 radiation gauge  辐射级仪 radiation level indicator  军事卫星 military satellite  侦察卫星 reconnaissance satellite  预警卫星 early warning satellite  电子侦察卫星 electronic reconnaissance satellite  导航卫星 navigation satellite  测地卫星 geodesic satellite  军用通讯卫星 military communications satellite  军用气象卫星 military meteorological satellite  卫星通信车 satellite communications vehicle  宇宙空间站 space station  警戒雷达 warning radar  引导雷达 director radar  制导雷达 guidance radar  目标指示雷达 target radar  测高雷达 height finding radar  三坐标雷达 three-dimensional radar  弹道导弹预警相控阵雷达 ballistic missile early-warning phased-array radar  导航雷达 navigation radar  机载截击雷达 airborne intercept radar  炮瞄雷达 gun-pointing radar  对空警戒雷达 aircraft-warning radar  航海雷达 marine radar  对海管戒雷达 naval warning radar  侦察雷达 reconnaissance radar  卫星通信天线 satellite communication antena  驱逐舰 destroyer  歼击机 fighter plane; fighter  空速管 airspeed head; pilot tube  陀螺 gyroscope  无线电罗盘 radio compass  平视显示机 head-up display  火箭弹射座椅 ejector seat  副翼 aileron  襟翼 flap  燃油箱 fuel tank  垂直尾翼 tail fin; vertical stabilizer  阻力伞舱 drag parachute housing  水平尾翼 horizontal stabilizer  液压油箱 hydraulic oil container  副油箱 auxiliary fuel tank  主起落架 main landing gear  机翼整体油箱 integral wing tank  机炮 machine gun; cnnon  进气道系统 air-inlet system  前起落架 front landing gear  空气数据计算机 air-data computer  迎角传感器 angle of attack sensor  进气口头锥 air-inlet nose cone  战斗机 combat aircraft  截击机 interceptor  强击机 attacker  歼击轰炸机 fighter-bomber  轻型轰炸机 light bomber  战略轰炸机 strategic bomber  电子战机 electronic fighter  高速侦察机 high-speed reconnaissance plane  空中加油机 tanker aircraft  运输机 transport plane; air-freighter  水上飞机 seaplane; hydroplane  反潜巡逻机 anti-submarine patrol aircraft  教练机 trainer aircraft; trainer  垂直起落飞机 vertical take-off and landing  无尾飞机 tailless aircraft  隐形轰炸机 stealth bomber  可变翼机 adjustable wing plane  动力滑翔机 power glider  扫雷直升机 mine-sweeping helicopter  旋翼 rotor  机身 fuselage  抗扭螺旋桨 anti-torque tail rotor  航空炸弹 aerobomb  钢珠弹 bomb with steel balls; container bomb unit  化学炸弹 chemical bomb  主战坦克 capital tank  重型坦克 heavy tank  中型坦克 medium tank  轻型坦克 light tank  水陆两用坦克 amphibious tank  喷火坦克 flame-throwing tank  架桥坦克 bridge tank  扫雷坦克 mine-sweeping tank  坦克推土机 tankdozer  侦察坦克 reconnaissance tank  无炮塔坦克 turretless tank  坦克牵引车 recovery tank  坦克修理后送车 repair-service tank  反坦克障碍物 anti-tank obstacle  桩寨 pile stockade  鹿寨 abatis  反坦克断崖 anti-tank ditch  反坦克崖壁 anti-tank precipice  反坦克三角锥 anti-tank pyramids  炮手 gunner  坦克兵 tank soldier  炮口 muzzle  炮管 barrel  清烟器 fume extractor  炮塔 turret  瞄准镜 gun sight  发动机散热窗 radiator grille  备用油箱 reserve fuel tank  主动轮 driving wheel  遮护板 shield  负重轮 loading wheel  烟幕弹发射筒 smoke bomb discharger  诱导轮 inducer  潜望镜 periscope  鱼雷 torpedoes  电动机鱼雷 electric torpedo  航空鱼雷 aerial torpedo  火箭助飞鱼雷 rocket-assisted torpedo  线导鱼雷 wire-guided torpedo  发射机 transmitter  自导控制组件 self-directing unit  装药和电子组件 charge and electron unit  待发装置 actuator  指令控制组件 command control unit  陀螺控制组件 gyro-control unit  电源控制组件 power-supply control unit  燃烧室 combustor  舵 rudder  推进器 propeller  潜艇 submarine  鱼雷舱 torpedo room  鱼雷发射管 firing tube  声纳 sonar  操纵线 control wire  水雷 submarine mine  自航式水雷 mobile mine  锚雷 mooring mine  触发锚雷 moored contact mine  触角 antenna  雷索 mine-mooring cable  沉底水雷 ground mine  漂雷 floating mine  深水炸弹 depth charge; depth bomb  航空母舰 aircraft carrier  核动力航空母舰 nuclear-powered aircraft  阻拦装置 arrester  飞行甲板 flight deck  雷达天线 radar antenna  导航室 island  舰桥 bridge  机库 hangar  升降机口 aircraft lifts; elevators  舰载机起飞弹射装置 catapults  油料舱 fuel bunker  弹药舱 ammunition store  贮存舱 storage hold  通信中心室 communication center  核反应堆 nuclear reactor  生活舱 accommodation  巡洋舰 cruiser  护卫舰 escort vessel; frigate  导弹护卫舰 missile frigate  战列舰 battleship  护卫艇 corvette  供应舰 tender ship; depot ship  舰队补给舰 fleet depot ship  海上补给船 sea depot ship  运输舰 transport ship  汽油运输船 gasoline transport ship  扫雷舰 mine sweeping vessel  扫雷艇 minesweeper  鱼雷艇 torpedo boat  导弹快艇 missile speedboat  导弹潜艇 guided-missile submarine  核动力潜艇 nuclear-powered submarine  潜艇救护舰 submarine lifeguard ship  猎潜艇 submarine chaser  登陆舰 landing ship  坞式登陆舰 dock landing ship  电子侦察船 electronic reconnaissance ship  情报收集船 information-collecting ship  测量船 survey vessel  调查船 research ship  打捞回收船 salvage vessel  核动力破冰船 nuclear-powered icebreaker  气垫巡逻船 patrol hovercraft  中国军事词汇兼军事名词中英文翻译对照表  1. 双重领导制度 system of dual leadership  2. 大生产运动 large scale production campaign  3.
2023-01-09 12:01:021

5个a开头的英语单词,用于激励、号召等积极方面的.每个单词后有一句话解释.

aspiration action agitation ambition achievement
2023-01-09 12:01:141

生物专业英语翻译

在这项工作中,我们更详细研究的定位 个别核筹措的诱导 半乳糖苷酶,公益少年团的推动者NPTII在压制和 引起国家和估计实际核 转移。与此同时,对这一核定位 序列进行了研究后抑制蛋白 乙酰( HDACs )与曲古菌素A ( TSA )的。 我们发现,两个核转移到 揭露TATA盒诱导。核 滑动和定位被证明是导 组hyperacetylation 。 实验 酵母和细菌菌株,转化和 生长条件。我们利用大肠杆菌菌株 JM109 (盒)和酿酒cereivisae 应变2805 (毡+ , pep4 : : His3 , prbL - δ ,可以- 1 , Gal2 , his3 ,市建局3-52 ) ,这是善意提供的对照普 (相箕Rhii ,成员,韩国) 。转化 大肠杆菌大肠杆菌JM109细胞哈巴狗Fneo1 ? ,哈巴狗Fneo ? ( 1 ? -2 ) ,和YepMMS做钙氯 骑[ 10 ] 。质粒的构建被称为previ - ously [ 11 , 12 ] 。 酵母细胞转化与同一纤溶酶 中频的氯化锂的方法[ 13 ] 。转化细胞 选定的SD最小合成培养基( 0.67 % 氨基酸免费酵母氮基(培养基) , 2 %谷氨酸 葡萄糖, 0.5 %硫酸铵, 1.5 %琼脂(培养基) ) 。 选定的克隆接种在100-200毫升的 液体培养基YPD ( 1 % ,酵母膏,蛋白胨2 % , 2 %葡萄糖)或YPGal (一个完整的中型2 % 半乳糖)和成长为16-18 h ,直至OD600 = 0.8 - 1.2 。此外,转化生长的 固体YPD培养基( 1.5 %琼脂)补充 300微克/毫升geneticin ( G418 ) 。 代spheroplasts和染色质 水解微球菌核酸。酵母细胞 9 ( 1 × 10 ) ,收集离心,洗涤 与无菌水和缓冲液( 10毫米的Tris -盐酸, pH值7.4 , 1海里山梨醇, 0.5毫米β -巯基乙醇) , 和悬浮在1毫升相同的缓冲区。要获得 spheroplasts ,一个细胞悬液进行了补充 20毫克/毫升Lyticase (酵母溶解酶, 800 单位/毫克,六西格玛)和孵育30 ° E与轻微 搅拌15-20分钟。进一步采取的步骤一间酒吧, 687议定书[ 15 ] 。在Spheroplasts被停职 1毫升的一个缓冲的染色质水解微 球菌核酸酶( 1海里山梨醇,氯化钠50毫米, 10毫米 三盐酸, pH值为7.4 , 5毫米氯化镁, 1毫米的氯化钙, 1毫米 β -巯基乙醇, 0.5毫米精, 0.1 % NP一40 ) 。暂停的原生质( 200 UL )的是 转入微量管,补充 与150-350单位/毫升微球菌核酸酶(铁 mentas ) ,并培养在37 ° E的5分钟。反应 被终止,增加0.5米的最后四乙酸 浓度25毫米和10 %的SDS最后协商 centration的0.5 % 。
2023-01-09 12:01:201

请问哪位高人可以帮助把下面这首词给译成英语?十万火急!!

1.The earth is near the spring, the full of vitality, Man Yuanchuan is fragrant.2.Looked divine land today, Wan Fang plays happy, the song of victory is intense, celebrates the city and countryside.3.The sea highly praises, hills kneels down 0. mile cloud sails to cleave the waves raises.4.Time tomorrow, will write the world cause, the prospect great chapter.5.Adores creates again magnificently, for inherits the will to be stronger6.Loves the bright and beautiful spring day, high and steep rong the years, Long Panhu secludes, bright future.7.Flaunts the heroic bearing respectively, all cherishes the determination, unites efforts concentriily rushes well-off.8.Calls with one voice, while the east wind ten thousand miles, everybody brings honor. 记得给分
2023-01-09 12:02:233

be allowed 后用doing还是to do

allow sb.to do sth.Be allowed to do
2023-01-09 12:02:394

唯美英文句子翻译

1、离别,拉长了身影,身影,拉开了距离。 Parting, elongated figure, figure, opened the distance. 2、别跟姐说白头偕老,姐要永远黑发飘飘。 Don"t say with elder sister elder sister always said of a couple, black hair fluttering. 3、我怀念的不是你,而是你给的致命曾经。 What I miss is not you, but you give the fatal once. 4、我忙着让别人幸福,却忘了自己的幸福。 I am busy to make others happy, but forget their own happiness. 5、这个年龄,说爱太早,说喜欢又觉得太少。 This age, love too early, say love and feel too little. 6、没有什么事情过不去,只有再也回不去了。 There is nothing to pass, only then can not go back. 7、人生里有太多时候,是形势毁了一段爱情。 There are too many times in life, the situation is the destruction of a love. 8、喜欢那些唯美的歌曲,触动我心痛的旋律。 Like those beautiful songs, touch my heart pain melody. 9、我躲在角落里经过,然后假装是你错过了我。 I hide in the corner, and then Ptend that you miss me. 10、那些过去的过去,原来——我们都不曾忘记。 The past, the original - we have never forgotten. 11、有志者自有千计万计,无志者只感千难万难。 There is own thousands of millions, there are only extremely difficult. 12、你我曾经激荡的青春,是我今生最美的回忆。 You and I have the agitation of youth, is my life the most beautiful memories. 13、时间告诉我、无理取闹的年龄过,该懂事了。 Tell me the time, unreasonable age, the sensible. 14、不是我不知道,我只是想看你如何对我演戏。 Not that I don"t know, I just want to see how you act on me. 15、只想拥有他的爱,让我只做你一个人的爱人。 Just want to have his love, let me just do you a person"s love. 16、得之坦然,失之淡然,顺其自然,争其必然。 The calm, not indifferent, naturally, contend for the inevitable. 17、世上没有绝望的处境,只有对处境绝望的人。 There is no desperate situation in the world, only those who are in desperate condition. 18、洒满天际的香槟,一不小心泛滥成了爱琴海。 All over the sky of champagne, accidentally sPad into the Aegean Sea. 19、习惯了和你相拥而眠,习惯了睁眼就能看见你。 And you used to sleep, the eyes can see your habits. 20、为什么,现在你还是不明白,我是那么的爱你。 Why, now you still don"t understand, I was so love you. 21、回忆起绽放的那一个宁夏,仿佛可以触摸彩虹。 Memories of the bloom of the Ningxia, as if you can touch the rainbow. 22、邂逅了微笑,错过了绝望,每一站也算不孤单。 Encounter a smile, missed the despair, each station is not alone. 23、我们总是忙着自己成长,却忘了他们也在变老。 We are always busy with their own growth, but forget that they are getting older. 24、如果还存在着不甘心,就还没有到放弃的时刻。 If there is still not willing to, there is no time to give up. 25、让曾经的温存,继续温暖着那颗不再火热的心。 Have tenderness, continue to warm the star is no longer hot heart. 26、也许我不算太聪明,但爱也不需要处处耍心机。 Maybe I"m not too smart, but love does not need to trick everywhere. 27、你看不懂我,是因为你站在自己的位置上看我。 You do not understand me, because you stand in my position to see me. 28、迟早有一天,我会知道你会找各种借口离开我, Sooner or later, one day, I will know that you will find all kinds of excuses to leave me, 29、有没有人愿意陪我一起疯,疯到全世界都感动。 There is no one willing to accompany me crazy, crazy to the whole world are moved. 30、事情本来真假参半,但是你自己却全体当了真。 Things could have been half truths, but you are all as a true. 31、50年后,我们可不可以还像年少时那样聊糗事? 50 years later, we can also talk about embarrassments as young as? 32、如果,那一刻可以重来,我想我还会说出那句话。 If, the moment can come again, I think I will say that sentence. 33、预见你,欲见你,遇见你,然后,我们就此别离。 Anticipate you, want to see you, meet you, and then we will depart. 34、是不是我不说起,你永远也不会提及那阵的荒凉。 Is not I do not speak of, you will never mention that the array of desolation. 35、我的微笑可以给任何人,但我的心只能给一个人。 My smile can give anyone, but my heart can only give a person. 36、眼泪的背后是另一种明白,放弃背后是一种成全。 Behind the tears is another kind of understand, give up behind is a kind of help. 37、你说你需要她,以前需要我,现在就不需要我了。 You say you need her, you need me, now you don"t need me. 38、生活从未变得容易,只不过是我们变得更加坚强。 Life has never been easy, it"s just that we become stronger. 39、有些话,我一说出来就后悔了,可惜却不能收回。 Some words, I said it would regret it, but it can not be recovered. 40、笑一笑十年少,那笑两笑就岂不是直接就没命拉。 Ten little laugh, laugh laugh two not directly pull. 41、有些话我宁愿放在心里埋起来,再痛也不说出来。 Some words I would rather put in my heart, and then the pain does not say. 42、没有完全合适的两个人,只有互相迁就的两个人。 No two people entirely appropriate, two people only accommodate one another. 43、花会一年一度的开,可人会不会一年一年的都在。 Once a year the flowers open, but will not be a year in. 44、下辈子我要做你的一颗牙,至少我难受你也会疼。 I want to be your tooth, at least, I am sad you also hurts. 45、我只是想知道,有没有那么一秒钟,你是爱我的。 I just want to know, there is no such a second, you are love me. 46、如果没有你,明天不值得期待,昨天不值得回忆。 If without you, tomorrow is not worth looking forward to, yesterday is not worth remembering. 47、最初的纠缠,竭尽缠绵。最后的温柔,在分手以后。 The initial entanglement, with lingering. Finally the gentle, after breaking up. 48、可不可以给我一个角落,再让我讲一遍我们的故事。 Can you give me a corner, let me talk about our story. 49、当背叛成?了壹种习惯,哪敢相信自己还会被偏爱。 When betrayal became a habit, which dare to believe that they will be favored. 50、因为你有你的生活,我走不进去,所以选择不打扰。 Because you have your life, I can"t go in, so I choose not to disturb you. 51、很可惜故事的最后,我们还是退回到了朋友的位置。 Unfortunately, the story of the end, we still have to return to the location of a friend. 52、不爱我你会后悔的,你伤我的,我会让你双倍奉还! Don"t love me, you will regret it, you hurt me, I will let you double your money back! 53、有种幸福是让我牵着你的手,把这道地平线走下去。 There is a kind of happiness is to let me hold your hand, the road to the horizon. 54、是谁把未来续写,断断续续的笔勾勒着苍白的明天。 Who is the future of writing, and brush the pale tomorrow. 55、锄禾日当午,上学真幸苦,已进入学校,罚站一下午。 ChuHeRiDangWu, really hard to go to school, has entered the school, standing for an afternoon. 56、在爱与被爱的选择里,我选择了被爱,错、又能如何? In the choice of love and being loved, I chose to be loved, wrong, and how? 57、曾经以为拥有是不容易的,后来才知道发现舍弃更难。 Once thought that it is not easy, and later found that it is difficult to find. 58、没有一种生命的轮回,是命中注定的就像隔夜的狂欢。 No one life cycle, is doomed to be like overnight carnival. 59、为什么总是在最后一刻才明白,我们的爱早就已不在。 Why is always in the last minute to understand, our love has not been. 60、我的恋爱已折断了党羽,无法连续翱翔在风里飘飘扬荡。 My love has not broken wings, flying in the wind blowing continuous fluttering down. 61、如果只有我离开你才能解脱,那么我愿意离开你的世界。 If only I left you to be free, then I would like to leave your world. 62、很多时候,那些我们无法改变的事情,最终改变了我们。 Most of the time, things that we can"t change, we change our. 63、请别带着我一点一点的回温和他曾经的片段,我会无奈。 Please don"t take me back to the one point one point he had a clip, I would have no choice but to. 64、当我们懂得珍惜平凡的幸福时,就已经成了人生的赢家。 When we know how to cherish the ordinary happiness, it has become a winner in life. 65、当我的打字法都认识你的时候,我想我是真的爱上你了。 When I know you, I think I really love you. 66、我不是小丑、别把我当玩具,拥着这资格的人还没出世。 I am not a clown, don"t take me as a toy, and hold the qualification of the person is not born. 67、有时辰俄真的很想健忘迩,健忘迩曾在俄的天下呈现过。 Sometimes I really want to forget you, forget you, had appeared in Russia in the world. 68、总有一天,你会遇到一个彩虹般绚烂的人,怦然而心动。 One day, you will encounter a rainbow brilliant man, and his heart. 69、彼岸的痛,此岸的恨,汇成了那条河流永不停息的悲伤! The other side of the side of pain, hate, sink into the river never-ending sorrow! 70、一个人最好记性不要太好,因为回忆越多,幸福感越少。 A personal best. Not so good, because the more memory, the less happiness. 71、你跟谁俩整那表情呢,我欠你贷款要到期了还是怎么的。 Who are you and the whole exPssion, I owe you a loan to maturity or what. 72、每个嘴里说不想恋爱的人,心里都装着一个无法拥有的人。 Every mouth that people do not want to love, in the heart of a person who can not have. 73、过去对我来说只不过是一场梦,醒了就醒了,淡了就淡了。 The past for me is just a dream, wake up and wake up, light on the light. 74、那些曾经的记忆,不愿意提及,只是想让它轻轻地抛在昨天。 Those who have memories, do not want to mention, just want to let it gently thrown in yesterday. 75、你要改改脾气了,她不是我,还不知道能不能包容你的脾气。 You have to change my temper, she is not me, do not know can not tolerate your temper. 76、不要在我背后唧唧歪歪的,看我不爽有本事直接出来干掉我。 Don"t jjww behind me, I have the ability to directly kill me out. 77、有人说怀念的不是旧的时光,而是住在时光里决口不提的爱。 Some people say that miss is not the old time, but in the breach in time not to mention love. 78、华灯初上的夜晚,我走在天桥上,夜的颜色熏染了整座城市。 The lights at night, I walk on the bridge, the color of the night to affect the whole city. 79、人在悲伤的时候,不管听多么欢乐的曲子,都会止不住流泪。 When people are sad, no matter how happy the song, will not stop crying. 80、双生花。双生花。任何一方死亡的时候,另一方也悄然腐烂。 Twin flowers. Twin flowers. Either side of the death, the other side also quietly decay.
2023-01-09 12:03:021

帮我写一篇英语作文。 制作鸡肉三明治。

Chicken sandwich volume (鸡肉三明治卷)Material: chicken dried meat meat 180 grams, egg 1, the cucumber pickle 60 grams, the onion 60 grams, celery half, the slice bread (slices hard-edge) 6 pieces, the white pepper powder and the salt little, thousand island sauce 120 grams, the clear plastic wrap are few. (材料:鸡脯肉180克、鸡蛋 1个、 酸黄瓜60克、洋葱60克、西芹半根、切片面包(切去硬边) 6片、白胡椒粉和 盐少许、千岛酱120克、保鲜膜少量。)Method: 1, boils thoroughly the first chicken dries in the sun cuts to pieces coolly, after the egg boils thoroughly, depilates cuts to pieces, the cucumber pickle, the onion, the celery also separately cut to pieces. Each raw material which cuts to pieces pours into the large bowl, puts in thousand island sauces again, puts the few white pepper powder and the salt blends flavors, agitation even spare. 2, will place the slice of bread in the steamer to steam 5 minutes (will treat like this when little while volume is very soft, has tough not crack). [good food China] 3, takes out the slice of bread with hand compressing, then 1 smudges the above material in slice of bread one side, curls up inward, becomes the cylinder shape; Uses the clear plastic wrap to curl up again, turns tight the both sides (does not look like each one candy ^_^ likely), then admits the refrigerator refrigerating room freezing. when 4, edible, takes from the refrigerator, becomes two sections with the knife in 1/2 bevelling, after 10-15 minutes defrosting warm then heartily enjoys (作法:1、先把鸡肉煮熟晾凉切碎,鸡蛋煮熟后去壳切碎,酸黄瓜、洋葱、西芹也都分别切碎。把切碎的各种原料倒进大碗里,再放入千岛酱,放少量白胡椒粉和盐调味,搅拌均匀备用。 2、把面包片放在蒸笼里蒸5分钟(这样待会儿卷时就很软、有韧性不会裂)。[美食中国]3、取出面包片用手压扁,然后将上述料1涂抹在面包片的一边,向内卷起,成圆筒状;再用保鲜膜卷起,将两端扭紧(像不像一个个糖果^_^),然后放进冰箱冷冻室冷冻。 4、食用时,从冰箱里取出来,用刀在1/2处斜切成两段,经10-15分钟的解冻回温后即可尽情享用啦)
2023-01-09 12:03:251

请问propped open 是什么意思?

支撑 Prop the door open with a brick. 用砖块撑门使其开著。全文:prop [美国] [prɑp] [英国] [prɔp] 名词 ( pl. props )支柱;支撑物 支持者;后盾;靠山 及物动词 ( propped; propped; propping )支撑 Prop the door open with a brick. 用砖块撑门使其开著。 支持,维持 架,搁 He propped the ladder against the wall. 他支起了梯子,把它靠在墙上。 prop [美国] [prɑp] [英国] [prɔp] 名词 ( pl. props )【口】道具(= property ) The sets, props and costumes were all ready. 布景、道具和服装都已准备齐全。 prop [美国] [prɑp] [英国] [prɔp] 名词 ( pl. props )【口】螺旋桨;推进器(= propeller ) a two-prop plane 一架双螺旋桨飞机 相关词组prop. = proper , = properly , = proposed ... 更多 agit-prop = agitation and propaganda (美军)宣传鼓动 jet-prop 有涡轮螺旋桨引擎的 , 以涡轮螺旋桨推进的客机 pit prop 【矿】坑木,坑柱,窑木 prop-word 【文】代替词(如在 I don " t want this , have you got another one ?一句中的 " this "和" one ")
2023-01-09 12:03:316

英语问题,快!

excitement is a noun
2023-01-09 12:04:013

谁帮我翻译下。。。翻好了加分!!!

烘烤面包所需要的酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae(酵母名))是在一个10L的玻璃发酵槽中培养成的,这个发酵槽有一个上带凸缘的承载盘,装备有温度和pH控制系统、取样设施、两个带多片扇叶的叶轮和一个穿孔的通风管道系统。 批量生产过程由一个封闭的培养系统组成,其中含有一个初始限量的营养物质,可选择的包括含碳添加物和含氮添加物。培养媒介的成分在表1中给出。出了全部营养物质以外,糖媒介,一个5L操作容量将跟发酵槽一起在高压消毒机中消毒灭菌。硒将在培养中与无机水一起加进去,可溶性的钠盐,钠硒化合物,将作为硒源。培养在30度的环境下进行,通风和搅拌条件是可变的。接种物的量为10%或25%,pH调校值为1M HCl 或 1M NaOH。培养期间,我们将通过测量生长细胞密度的方式来跟踪酵母的生长情况。样本的光学密度将通过分光计(光源波长550nm)来测量。样本葡萄糖含量通过斯霍尔还原法来决定。生物与培养媒介的分离通过离心法来实现,在3000g的条件下离心三十分钟,在用自来水洗三次而且重复pelletation(这个我翻译不来 压片?压缩?)生物残留物,之后用丙酮处理。大约三fold excess(三份? 我又翻译不来…)的丙酮假如到未干的生物残留物中,然后将其完全地混合直到生物残留物以絮状物的方式析出。这将使我们能用不锈钢真空过滤系统(500ml ¢47/50 mm 孔径1.2tm,Schleicher and Schuell)来进行过滤。过滤后酵母在室温下晾干,在进行分析前储存在小瓶中。(翻译得不好 莫怪 本人非生物专业 一些专业仪器或者数据翻译不出来…)
2023-01-09 12:04:131

Townshend Act.是什么法案?英国在美洲的什么税收法案?还有这里Act.是全称是什么?

Townshend ActsThe year 1767 brought another series of measures that stirred anew all the elements of discord. Charles Townshend, British chancellor of the exchequer, was called upon to draft a new fiscal program. Intent upon reducing British taxes by making more efficient the collection of duties levied on American trade, he tightened customs administration, at the same time sponsoring duties on colonial imports of paper, glass, lead and tea exported from Britain to the colonies. The so-called Townshend Acts were based on the premise that taxes imposed on goods imported by the colonies were legal while internal taxes (like the Stamp Act) were not. The Townshend Acts were designed to raise revenue to be used in part to support colonial governors, judges, customs officers and the British army in America. In response, Philadelphia lawyer John Dickinson, in Letters of a Pennsylvania Farmer, argued that Parliament had the right to control imperial commerce but did not have the right to tax the colonies, whether the duties were external or internal. The agitation following enactment of the Townshend duties was less violent than that stirred by the Stamp Act, but it was nevertheless strong, particularly in the cities of the Eastern seaboard. Merchants once again resorted to non-importation agreements, and people made do with local products. Colonists, for example, dressed in homespun clothing and found substitutes for tea. They used homemade paper and their houses went unpainted. In Boston, enforcement of the new regulations provoked violence. When customs officials sought to collect duties, they were set upon by the populace and roughly handled. For this infraction, two British regiments were dispatched to protect the customs commissioners. The presence of British troops in Boston was a standing invitation to disorder. On March 5, 1770, antagonism between citizens and British soldiers again flared into violence. What began as a harmless snowballing of British soldiers degenerated into a mob attack. Someone gave the order to fire. When the smoke had cleared, three Bostonians lay dead in the snow. Dubbed the "Boston Massacre," the incident was dramatically pictured as proof of British heartlessness and tyranny. Faced with such opposition, Parliament in 1770 opted for a strategic retreat and repealed all the Townshend duties except that on tea, which was a luxury item in the colonies, imbibed only by a very small minority. To most, the action of Parliament signified that the colonists had won a major concession, and the campaign against England was largely dropped. A colonial embargo on "English tea" continued but was not too scrupulously observed. Prosperity was increasing and most colonial leaders were willing to let the future take care of itself.
2023-01-09 12:04:192

求第四种感情的英文翻译

The fourth emotionemotione.mo.tionAHD:[¹-m½“sh…n] D.J.[i6mou.*n]K.K.[!6mo.*n]n.(名词)An intense mental state that arises subjectively rather than through conscious effort and is often accompanied by physiological changes; a strong feeling:冲动:由主观引起而非理智作用的一种强烈的感情状态,并且经常伴有心理上的变化;一种强烈的感觉:the emotions of joy, sorrow, reverence, hate, and love.快乐、痛苦、尊敬、痛恨和爱的冲动A state of mental agitation or disturbance:激动:心智激动或不稳定的状态:spoke unsteadily in a voice that betrayed his emotion.See Synonyms at feeling 以情绪不正常的语气断断续续地说话参见 feelingThe part of the consciousness that involves feeling; sensibility:情绪:涉及感情的部分理智;感情:“The very essence of literature is the war between emotion and intellect”(Isaac Bashevis Singer)“文学的中心要素在于感情和理智的斗争”(艾萨克·巴舍斯·辛格)
2023-01-09 12:05:031

单词abandon 的用法

,"abandon","英[ə"bændən] 美[ə"bændən] vt /n 放弃,遗弃=forsake;放纵【例】Do not abandon yourself to drinking 不要沉溺于饮酒。【记】a+band乐队+on,一个乐队在舞台上。想想黑豹、唐朝、零点等疯狂的摇滚乐队,不仅他们在放纵,你们听他们的歌本身也是一种放纵。【类】inhibition:abandon=agitation:tranquility禁欲不放纵=激动不宁静calmness:frenzy=despair:hope 平静不狂暴=绝望不希望frenzy:calm=abandon:prohibit 使平静消除狂暴=禁止消除放任【反】salvage(vt 海上救助)
2023-01-09 12:05:092

study about, learn about, write about, talk about的用法

learn与study这两个动词的基本用法区别,即learn主要用于学习的初级阶段或带有模仿性的操作技艺等,而study 则常用于较高深或周密的研究。如:  I had to learn a trade at the age of seven.  我在7岁时就不得不去学做生意。  This question should be carefully studied.  这个问题必须认真研究。  另外,learn虽然也可指学习的过程,但更侧重指学到的成果,因此常译为“学到”“学会”;而study则侧重指学习过程。如:  He studied hard and learned English very well.  他努力学习,把英语学得很好。   除以上基本用法区别外,两者还有以下习惯表达上的差异:  1. 下列情况,一般只用 learn:  (1) 用于 learn from,表示“向……学习”。如:  We must learn from each other. 我们必须互相学习。  (2) 后接不定式,表示“学会(学习)做某事”。如:  He"s learning (how) to drive a car. 他在学习开车。  You ought to learn (how) to be patient. 你必须学会耐心。  注:有时可接动名词(主要是指技艺或技术方面的动名词)。如:  She learns to swim [swimming]. 她学习游泳。  (3) 用于某些谚语。如:  Live and learn. 活到老,学到老。  Never too old (late) to learn. 再老(晚)也能学。  Soon learnt, soon forgotten. 学得快,忘得快。  2. 下列情况,一般只用 study:  (1) 表示在某校学习。如:  He is studying at Beijing University. 他在北京大学学习。  (2) 用于祈使句或与 hard 连用。如:  Study hard and make progress every day. 好好学习,天天向上。  3. 用于某些习语。如:  study late into the night 学习到深夜  study into the early morning hour 学习到凌晨  4. 其他用法区别  除表示“学习”外,learn 还表示“听说”“得知”等义;study 还表示“打量”“仔细看”等义。此时两者显然不能互换。如:  I"m sorry to learn of [about] your illness. 听说你病了,我很难过。  They studied the stranger curiously. 他们好奇地看着这位陌生人。 write about:写…的事,写到…,把(某事)作为写作的主题Daniel wants to write about his best friend kate.丹尼尔想写他最好的朋友凯特。So I want to write about fashion.因此我想要写关于流行的话题。Who wants to write about the weather?      谁想写有关天气方面的文章? talk about  vt. 讲(谈论,交谈)例句:His talk about apartheid created agitation.他的关于种族隔离的谈话激起了骚动。I never talk about gossip.我从不传播流言蜚语。Please don"t talk about it in front of the children.请不要当著孩子们谈论那事.除非是考试,否则有些区分未必就一定那么清楚.甚至您让外国人自己做某些国内出的英语考题他们都感到很棘手的.
2023-01-09 12:05:271

翻译 ,人工

Add up all the numbers you will know the resultsWe strive to want to calm him down, but he cried excitedlyLily in the hospital for a long time, back to healthLi Xiang settle here, and get along with and friendly neighborsIf you do not want to be with me, you pack up leaveDuring the war, I suffered a lot, I used the diary note of his own experience, so old that it will be remembered
2023-01-09 12:05:342

talk with 和 talk to 有什么不同

talk to 对某人说话例句:Don"t talk to me about that fellow.别跟我谈起那个家伙.He stopped to talk to me when seeing me.看到我的时候,他停下来和我说话.It"s often helpful during an illness to talk to other sufferers.病中与同病者谈天常是有益的.talk with 和...交谈例句:Don"t talk with your mouth full.嘴里有东西时不要说话.I"d like to talk with you.我想和你谈谈.I did not even see him, still less talk with him.我看也没看见他,更不用说跟他谈过话了.talk about vt. 讲(谈论,交谈)例句:His talk about apartheid created agitation.他的关于种族隔离的谈话激起了骚动.I never talk about gossip.我从不传播流言蜚语.Please don"t talk about it in front of the children.请不要当著孩子们谈论那事.除非是考试,否则有些区分未必就一定那么清楚.甚至您让外国人自己做某些国内出的英语考题他们都感到很棘手的.
2023-01-09 12:05:503

中英文翻译

不用写
2023-01-09 12:06:062

Combustion burn 区别是?

书面语与口语的区别,另外作为口语burn的含义要广的多
2023-01-09 12:06:263

2021湖南英语导游词

湖南是华夏文明的重要发祥地之一,舜帝明德天下,足历洞庭,永州九嶷山为其陵寝之地。湖南自古盛植木芙蓉,有“芙蓉国”之称。接下来是我为大家整理的关于2021湖南英语 导游词 ,方便大家阅读与鉴赏! 2021湖南英语导游词1 Hunan assembly product resources and rich. The city has 660000 mu of farmland, and is the commodity grain and lean pig production base, ranks the pig grain production counties (cities). Mineral deposits more than 30, "chess catalpa limestone", natural mineral water containing zinc, dolomite, silica, gypsum, talc, iron, manganese, etc. High quality and more. Formed by building materials (cement), leather, environmental protection equipment, wine, beer, liquor), cast pipe, electronic six pillar industries. Hunan assembly convenient transportation, communications. Multiple electricity xiangqian trunk railway and is building on highway crosses the thing. Wear and the city, 320 state road, LouXiang highway. The total mileage of 3200 kilometers. , mobile phone has more than 50000 door opened more than 4000 households, the Internet accounts for nearly 200 households, famous water conservancy project built in the 60 s of shaoshan irrigation system throughout the whole city 63 kilometers. Hunan assembly has a long history, talents and heroes, build county has been 2000 years since the han dynasty. The three phase jiang wan shu xiang chief zeng guofan, our star Huang Gonglve, Chen Geng, Tan Zheng, proletarian revolutionist zhuo-ran li, international poet xiao, children"s literature writer takes are born here. Generation great man MAO zedong and CAI he-sen bases his party"s early leaders, a group of revolutionary martyr in dongshan school. Since the founding of new China, hunan assembly economic construction and social development made great achievements. Present value of GDP reached 4.7 billion yuan in 1998. Industry has formed by metallurgy, building materials, food, electrical and mechanical, chemical, leather as the main body of the modern industry, has more than 5000 enterprises, more than 4000 kinds of products, output value of 5.3 billion yuan. The central and provincial, to belong to enterprise have ShaoFeng cement group co., LTD., hunan assembly aluminum plant, ferroalloy plant in hunan, hunan assembly plant. 2021湖南英语导游词2 Welcome to changsha, hunan! I am your tour guide, my name is x, you can call me little x. In order to facilitate everyone to visit, let me first introduce the history of changsha in hunan province. 15-20__00 years ago, human activity has started in changsha. About 7000 years ago, changsha began to form the village. About 2400 years ago in the spring and autumn period and the warring states period chu in changsha city. Until today, the site has not changed, more than 20__ years ago the location of the road and even today the streets are still coincidence, therefore, changsha become the longest in the history of Chinese city one of the cities at the same address. The different historical period, changsha has "LinXiang", called "tam states"; Changsha tang and song dynasty and Ming dynasty and qing dynasty, its economy and culture as its most prosperous period in history. The earliest documented in the name of "changsha" ", wang shifu book will be about tribute "changsha turtle" say, more than 3000 years ago. Chow period of ningxiang county coal river site unearthed four sheep statue of bronze ware etc reflects the changsha area with the original a connection. Changsha, about 2400 years history of city construction, city was built in the spring and autumn period and the warring states period, chu. "The millet of changsha, chu also." ChuCheng king set county in guizhou, changsha as its scope. By qin qin shi huang unified China, changsha county 36 county, one of which is changsha starts with China"s administrative division name go down in history. Han period, the capital city of changsha, changsha countries. In the early eastern han dynasty waste "changsha" appointed "changsha county" instead. In The Three Kingdoms and the western jin dynasty period, changsha county governance, belong to the ancient jingzhou. The late western jin dynasty and the northern and southern dynasties, changsha county and hunan state system of governance. Sui early withdrawal county, head of changsha as tam state government; The late change state for the county, and changsha, changsha county county governance. When set pool by the tang dynasty, once jiangnan road, Jiang Naxi way. Changsha kiln in the five dynasties period of the tang dynasty, once flourished, become the birthplace of under glaze color. Five dynasties and ten states period for changsha chu capital, which is the only country to changsha for capital. When the song dynasty by the changsha to pool. Changsha yuelu academy, set up in the northern song dynasty to culture and education to the peak. The yuan dynasty in 1274 to pool state road, HuGuang province seat. Is still the tam state road 1281, hunan DaoXuan comfort seat, subordinate HuGuang provinces; Yuan literate admired day calendar for two years due to the "good" emperors name heaven road, yuan state seat change at the end of the pool. Ming to changsha FuZhi, originally department subordinate HuGuang. The qing emperor kangxi three years to build "hunan province", changsha as changsha government FuZhi and hunan province. When Ming and qing dynasties, changsha, there are four big market and big four, what he said, one of the most important market for China. Late qing dynasty, zeng guofan became "the first person of hunan", the changsha government emerged important figure in Chinese history, such as Ceng Guoquan, zuo zongtang, Hu Linyi, such as elimination of the taiping heavenly kingdom, started the westernization movement, recovered in xinjiang, etc., cause profound influence to the late qing dynasty of China. Late qing dynasty and early republic of China, changsha become important political and revolutionary activities. The reform movement of Chen Baozhen, tan sitong, establishment of The Times in changsha school. ZiLiJun uprising, China after a sudden flash of inspiration, symbol of tian-hua Chen and Yao Hongye, clear ping feels ashamed uprising, rob rice agitation, are influential activities. Against the qing dynasty in the late qing dynasty made a series of qing dynasty, made great contribution to the establishment of the republic of China. 2021湖南英语导游词3 Five jianshan national forest park is located in the xiangbei portal 1 kilometers southwest of linxiang city city, 35 kilometers from yueyang city, and only 2 hours drive from wuhan, changsha, 107 state road, beijing-zhuhai expressway, beijing-guangzhou railway, high-speed wuhan-guangzhou passenger dedicated line and the mountain. Is the back garden of the two big wuhan, changsha urban agglomeration and the radiative zone of the Yangtze river delta, the pearl river delta tourism market. Park is composed of five peaks, so named five jianshan, with a total area of 2879.89 hectares, the highest elevation of 588.1 meters, the forest coverage rate of 98.2%, is located in the subtropical north subtropical transition zone, as the Yangtze river, dongting and urban green lung, is very rich in forest resources, is the north and south of plants and animals gene pool, is a "green, leisure, culture" as the theme of the forest park. Park in history, the humanities, the natural landscape, more than 100. There are qu yuan lived "xianggong" blunt and step into a ying mountain, the three RuJiang tracing the cause plan about the battle of red cliff, emperor qianlong to board the best step ladder, and indifferent to the museum, the museum of the forest of steles, the I ching health park, city of a batch of cultural attractions, etc. Natural landscape can be seen everywhere, among them, the peach blossom brook, hope of rare arboretum, wood is home to the original forest especially representative. Exploration into the original forest, for the world"s largest museum of the forest of steles, appreciation, indifferent to the museum of flood disaster, blessing to the china-south Africa"s largest open-air guanyin, to I ching garden keeping in good health, to the city for the child... This is your life not to be missed. Don"t need to hike, weekend, let me have a mood! 2021湖南英语导游词4 Everybody is good, as a changsha people I in changsha is familiar scenery, let me tell you tourists introduce civilization and beautiful changsha!!!! Scenic spots one: capital city Capital is the only one in changsha about mountain tourist attractions. Walk into, it seems you can smell the breath of the mountain, the scent of water, saw the waving grass, flowers bloom. Trees surrounded by mountains, among the green world, you might as well sit in love late pavilion, watch the picturesque scenery, listening to the singing of birds. Into the depths of the mountains, not the noise of the people, also have no the chanting of the birds, everyone is silent looked at the one thousand ancient tree, feel the power of their survival. Got to the top of the mountain, you can let go of mind, to face the trees at the foot of the mountain, say the secret of the heart, tell the nature, so it won"t be oppressed in psychological and uncomfortable. Down the mountain, you can also go to have a look, to steal some COINS to make a wish, perhaps return will come true. Attractions 2: as cabinet As pavilion is originally by the Japanese invasion in China used to fight a fortress, as cabinet had only one floor, then build into three layers, it is located in changsha is the central, standing on the top floor can see everything. Building with the anti-japanese soldier"s legacy, and cabinet furniture such as bed. There are three fort on the top floor, terrible standing on it. As cabinet of the north and the south side still have an attic, and records the other heroes of the story in south tower, north building plays the Anti-Japanese War film. Three places are the orange continent park There are a lot of trees in the orange continent park, a lot of oranges, a lot of birds. Robin in the curved path, Color ribbon like falling from heaven. Can hear birds singing into the gate, smell the fragrance of the flower is really charactizing a fine spring day. Park is flowing around the xiangjiang river, the xiangjiang river that mirror j, like a vivid landscape, is really beautiful. I want the orange continent park quickly become a continent of China. This is a civilized and beautiful scenery of changsha. 2021湖南英语导游词5 The "51" section, I play with mom and dad go to changsha, big aunt. In the evening, we went to the riverside sight for a walk and play. Just to the sight, a wide bright river caught my eye. "Wow! Noah cruise! Can eat, sleep and play inside!" My father"s eyes flashing dazzling light. I looked over at: cruise ships lined with regular level, each layer with a light, crowded, noisy, really enviable! The river is more interesting. River water wave ripples, rolling, roll up gently, like a small fish play with joy. The most compelling is that a row of light on the bridge. The light is very different. Inscribed with many of the verses of the poet, the content changed from time to time and the head of the poet can see clearly. Such Settings are beautiful and elegant, make a trip to visit the people side of the while enjoying the famous poem. There are many rockery. Rockery is very realistic, modelling is colored lights illuminate the delicate small pavilion, all sorts of color of the tree... It is a beautiful park. People comfortable to sit in the pavilion, a rockery on the lush, green trees and bright, breathing the fresh air of kawakaze brings. Some people walked on the road, stop-start, talk with joy; Some people are singing, dancing, dancing; Some people sat on the stool, do nothing, comfortable rest; Others move, don"t you let me, I won"t let you. Walking on the road, sitting on the edge, on everyone"s face is relaxed smile. Beautiful sight let people enjoy a comfortable life. Changsha people live in the beautiful changsha! Enjoying the beautiful sight landscape, dad taught me a new word: peaceful country and safe people. Oh, this is called the peaceful country and safe people! 2021湖南英语导游词相关 文章 : ★ 介绍湖南省英文导游词3篇 ★ 湖南景点英文导游词3篇 ★ 长沙的导游词英语 ★ 2020年湖南精选导游词大全 ★ 2020最新版湖南景点导游词5篇 ★ 湖南天子山英文导游词3篇 ★ 2020年湖南概况导游词大全 ★ 2020年湖南长沙导游词大全 ★ 介绍湖南概况的导游词大全合集 ★ 2020年湖南旅游景点导游词范文5篇
2023-01-09 12:06:501

胜开头的成语接龙

胜之不武 武断专横 横眉冷对 对酒当歌 歌功颂德 德才兼备 望采纳
2023-01-09 12:06:422

attitude和grateful是什么意思?

attitude :[n] 态度,姿态,意见,grateful : [adj] 感激 感谢
2023-01-09 12:06:433

描写秋景的诗句古诗词

一道残阳铺水中,半江瑟瑟半江红。可怜九月初三夜,露似真珠月似弓。
2023-01-09 12:06:433

一个胜是什么成语

胜友如云、胜残去杀、胜任愉快、胜券在握
2023-01-09 12:06:512

描写美丽校园的优美语句

1、周围是那么宁静,薄薄的晨雾,如轻纱笼罩着校园,雄伟壮观的教学楼,隐没在淡淡的晨雾中,整个校园的黎明是那么温馨而美丽。2、深秋的黄昏,我漫步在静静的校园,只见花儿凋谢了,树叶干枯了,光秃秃的树丫没精打采地垂在树干上,昔日绿茸茸的草地如今只是一片枯黄。3、春天使大地焕然一新,春天给学校满园春色,春天给我们欢乐和希望,催我们奋发向上。4、操场中间有一块绿色的草坪,同学们都愿意一五成群地到草坪上去读书、玩耍,那玻琅的读书声,常常吸引引着操场外面的行人。
2023-01-09 12:06:531

我是1985年5月16日生日(农历)请问我该是什么星座啊

巨蟹座
2023-01-09 12:06:384

attitude是什么的简写,谢谢

态度
2023-01-09 12:06:302

杨贵妃(英文简介)

Yang Guifei (719—56) Renowned beauty of the Tang dynasty (618-906) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Yang Guifei (Yang Kuei-fey) concubine of the Tang emperor Xuanzong (Hsüan-tsung; 685-762). Renowned beauty of Chinese history. Of humble origins, she is said to have won the favor and passion of the emperor to the extent that he eventually began to neglect state affairs. She adopted An Lu-shan, a general of Turkic origin, as her son and helped him win power at court. A power struggle over control of the central government between An Lu-shan and Yang"s brother led to An"s rebellion in 755. Fleeing the capital before the rebels captured it, angry royal guards, who blamed Yang Guifei and her brother for the rebellion, forced Xuanzong to order their execution. The emperor soon abdicated.Yang Guifei"s story and her tragic end have been a favorite theme for Chinese poets and writers. Bai Juyi (Pai Chu-i, Bo Juyi, Po Chü-i; 772-846) recounts the tragic love story of Yang Guifei in his long poem "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" (C: Chang hen ge; J: Chôgonka). He was one of the most famous poets and men of letters of the mid-Tang period. Born in modern Henan, he held several senior official posts during his life-time, although his outspoken criticisms of government policies resulted in his being exiled from Chang"an in 815. A prolific poet with an international reputation, he strove for clarity in his writings and, with his good friend Yuan Zhen, promoted the new yuefu style of poetry. He was a devout Buddhist and many of his poems are very critical of the society of the time. His long poem "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" was particularly popular among the aristocracy of mid-Heian period Japan as well, which accounts for the numerous references to Bai Juyi and his poems in The Tale of Genji and other works of classical Japanese literature. -------- Yang Gui Fei is one of the most beautiful ladies of ancient China but she got the most unfortunate compare to those three left. Yang Gui Fei or Yang Concubine was named Yang Yuhuan, she was a daughter of a nobleman in the little village by her 16 years old, her father sent her into the palace to be a wife of the sixteenth years old 18th prince. After she got into the palace, her beautiful appearance was well-known after the Emperor Tang Xuanzong heard that he wanted to see this girl so that he went to his son"s palace; once Xuangzong saw Yang Yuhuan he suddenly fell in love with her and accommodated her into his palace. In that time Xuanzong was 56 years old and Yang was 22 years old Yang Concubine"s character Yang was not only beautiful but also very clever, learned fast and talented in music and dancing, the sound of music of Yang brought Xuanzong into day-dream. One day Xuanzong took Yang to see the beautiful white lotus, and said, "The lotus is beautiful without spirit, it cannot be compared with my concubine. My concubine is the best flower in the world." After several years she became ennobled high-ranked imperial concubine and ranked with the Empress the she was named as Yang Gui Fei. The smile of Yang Gui Fei was enough to enchant and enrapture the Emperor. Xuanzong loved her more than anything in the world; he even built her a natural warm spring pool which she could take a bath at spring time. The First Class Concubine"s power After Yang Yuhuan, a normal ordinary girl from little village became the first class concubine Yang Gui Fei; gradually her family"s member gained the high position in the government the finally Yang"s family gained enormous power in the Tang Court. Yang Guo Zhong who was Yang Gui Fei"s eldest brother became the Prime Minister but he was very corrupt. At the time people in Tang Dynasty preferred to have a daughter than son because of Yang family who got the glory and wealth form Yang Gui Fei so that people hope their daughter could follow her footsteps to be the favorite concubine of the Emperor. The End of the Prosperity After several years that Yang Guo Zhong governed the Tang"s land as a prime minister, people got suffer from his corruption and lived very poor and difficult. An Lu Shan who was the non Han Chinese commander-in-chief and governor of Fan Yang had come to visit Chang An the Capital and found out that the Prime Minister so that he wanted to report to the Emperor but not success by this situation he had made a formidable enemy then Yang Guo Zhong also knew about this and vowed to destroy him. The Rebellion Yang Guo Zhong sent troops to ransack An Lu Shan"s house and also killed An Lu Shan"s friend that enraged An Lu Shan so that he wanted to retaliate without no others mission. An Lu Shan leaded 170,000 troops marched to the Chang An the Capital to make a war against Yang Guo Zhong. An Lu Shan"s troop were unstoppable, they crossed the Yellow River, overran Luo Yang and went straight to Chang An. The people and also the government of Tang were in panic since the Emperor ordered a mass evacuation then not so long, An Lu Shan occupied the capital and demolished it to the ground. The Execution The procession of the Emperor went southwest towards Cheng Du with the thousands of the residents from the capital and after arrived Ma Wei Yi which is about 100 kilometers from the Capital the mass of people stopped and refused to go and protect the Emperor. People demanded the death of Yang Gui Fei and Yang Guo Zhong since they were the cause of this destruction. Xuanzong had no alternative under such extreme circumstances so that he issued an order the have them executed. The Prime Minister was carried out for the execution instantly and for Yang Gui Fei was to be executed by hanging from the tree in a nearby hill. At the time Yang Gui Fei cried and begged for life, Xuanzong had powerless to help her but hung his head and buried his face in his dragon robes. After Yang Gui Fei kicked her bucket and died finally, the crowd were quiet. Yang Gui Fei"s jewelry was scattered all over but nobody picked them up. The Emperor"s life after the death of his love"s one The death of Yang Gui Fei brought out the spirit of Xuanzong also, he lost his vitality to continue as Emperor so that he abdicated the throne to his third son, Li Heng who became Emperor Su Zong. After the rebellion were crushed, Tang Court moved back to Chang An and on the way back to the Capital at the spot where Yang Gui Fei died Xuanzong stopped and he tried to find the place that she was buried but couldn"t. At the times Xuangzong could not bear to look at the full moon as it reminded him to think of Yang Gui Fei. Xuanzong recited the secret the phrases which nobody knew but him and her. "Up above the sky we wish we were a pair of birds On earth we wish we were the two branches of a tree." At Chang An the capital, the natural warm spring pool was still there and also the flowers and trees but no more Yang Gui Fei. Xuanzong lost his will to live, he lived with grieve only hope he had in that time was to see Yang Gui Fei in his dreams every night. He ordered the soothsayer to search for her spirit but never appear, not even just once…
2023-01-09 12:06:292

以胜开头的成语接龙?

胜券在握,胜利在望,胜友如云,胜之不武,胜残去杀
2023-01-09 12:06:284

描述秋景的古诗句

宋朝 范仲淹 塞下秋来风景异,衡阳雁去无留意。四面边声连角起,千嶂里,长烟落日孤城闭。 浊酒一杯家万里,燕然未勒归无计,羌管悠悠霜满地。人不寐,将军白发征夫泪。唐·孟浩然  移舟泊烟渚,日暮客愁新。  野旷天低树,江清月近人。唐·杜甫  风急天高猿啸哀,渚清沙白鸟飞回。  无边落木萧萧下,不尽长江滚滚来。  万里悲秋常作客,百年多病独登台。  艰难苦恨繁霜鬓,潦倒新停浊酒杯。宋·范仲淹  碧云天,黄叶地,秋色连波,波上寒烟翠。  山映斜阳天接水,芳草无情,更在斜阳外。  黯乡魂,追旅思,夜夜除非,好梦留人睡。  明月楼高休独倚,酒入愁肠,化作相思泪。唐·杜牧  远上寒山石径斜,白云生处有人家。  停车坐爱枫林晚,霜叶红于二月花。 唐·李白  长安一片月,万户捣衣声。  秋风吹不尽,总是玉关情。  何日平胡虏,良人罢远征。
2023-01-09 12:06:242