苏萦-
不定式和动名词作主语的区别：
(1) 动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)
It is not very good for you to smoke somuch．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)
(2) 动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验)
Driving a car during the rush hour istiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)
To finish the task will take a long time. 要完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。（具体）
(3) 不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish thejob.
不定式、动名词作表语的区别：
(1) 不定式作表语
1) 不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither．一次做两件事等于未做。
2）如果主语是不定式，表语也必须是不定式。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。
3) 如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in thenear future．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。
What I would suggest is to start work atonce. 我的建议是立刻开始干。
The most important thing is to negotiatewith them about the future of the plant．
(2) 动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。
Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。
His hobby is collecting stamps．他的爱好是集邮。
不定式和动名词作宾语的区别：
英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求：
(1) 不定式做宾语和宾语补足语
1) 下面的动词要求不定式做宾语
afford负担得起 agree同意 appear似乎，显得 arrange安排
ask问 attempt企图 beg请求 begin开始
choose选择 claim要求 decide决定 demand要求
desire愿望 determine决定 expect期望 fail不能
forget忘记 happen碰巧 hate憎恨，厌恶hesitate犹豫
hope希望 intend想要 learn学习 long渴望
love爱 manage设法 mean意欲，打算 need需要
neglect忽视 offer提供 omit忽略，漏 other扰乱；烦恼
plan计划 prefer喜欢，宁愿 prepare准备 pretend假装
promise承诺，允许 refuse拒绝 regret抱歉，遗憾 seek找，寻觅
start开始 try试图 volunteer志愿 want想要
wish希望
例如：He managed to pass the maths exam this time. 这次他设法通过了数学考试。
2) 下面的动词可用不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式:
advise劝告 allow允许 ask要求，邀请 beg请求
cause引起 command命令 direct指导 drive驱赶
enable使能够 encourage鼓励 entitle有资格 forbid禁止
force强迫 get请，得到 hate憎恶 help帮助
inspire鼓舞 instruct指示 intend想要，企图 invite吸引，邀请
lead引起，使得 leave使，让 like喜欢 mean意欲，打算
need需要 oblige不得不 order命令 permit允许
prefer喜欢，宁愿 prompt促使 pronounce断定 recommend劝告，推荐
remind提醒 request请求 require要求 teach教
tell告诉 tempt劝诱 train训练 urge激励，力说
want想要 warn告诫 wish希望
例如：Teachers often encourage us to learn English well. 老师经常鼓励我们要学好英语。
(2) 有些动词只能用动名词作宾语
admit 承认 appreciate 欣赏 avoid避免 bear忍受
can"t help不禁 can"t stand受不了 confess坦白 consider 考虑
delay延迟 deny否认 dislike不喜欢，讨厌 endure忍受
enjoy享有，喜爱 escape逃跑，逃避 excuse借口 favor 造成，偏爱
finish完成，结束不得 forgive原谅 hate讨厌 imagine设想
involve卷入，包含 keep保持 mention说到，讲到 mind 介意
miss错过 permit 允许 postpone延迟，延期practise 实行，实践
prevent阻止 resist抵抗，阻止 risk冒险 suggest建议
tolerate忍受
例如：They decided to delay holding the sports meeting because of the hardrain.
由于大雨他们决定推迟召开运动会。
(3）有些动词比如allow, advise,permit, encourage等后面直接跟动词只能是动名词，如果后面跟宾补则只能是不定式。例如：
Our school allows using calculators in themaths exam. 我们学校允许在数学考试中使用计算器。
Our school allows students to usecalculators in the maths exam. 我们学校允许学生在数学考试中使用计算器。
(4) 有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别
1）forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做）
forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）
2）stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事
stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事
3）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做）
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾
regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔
5）try to do努力、企图做某事
try doing试验、试一试某种办法
6) mean to do打算，有意要…
mean doing意味着
7）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情）
go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情）
8）propose to do 打算（要做某事）
proposing doing建议（做某事）
9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为；+doingsth 表示抽象、倾向概念
（注）如果这些动词前有should一词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。例如：
I should like to see him tomorrow．
10）need, want, require,deserve +动名词表被动意义；+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。例：
The room needs cleaning / to be cleaned. 这房间需要打扫一下。
Don"t you rememberseeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
You must remember to leave tomorrow．你可要记着是明天动身。
I don"t regret telling herwhat I thought．我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过)
I regret to have to do this，but I haveno choice．我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。(未
做但要做)
You must try to be more careful．你可要多加小心。
Let"s try doing the worksome other way．让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。
I didn"t mean to hurt yourfeeling．我没想要伤害你的感情。
This illness will mean(your)going tohospital．得了这种病(你)就要进医院。
动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
1、不定式的形式：
主动 被 动
一般式 To write to be written
进行式 to be writing /
完成式 to have written to have been written
否定式：not + (to) do
1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，
例如：
I"m glad to meet you.
He seems to know a lot.
We plan to pay a visit.
He wants to be an artist.
The patient asked to be operated on atonce.
The teacher ordered the work to be done.
2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：
The boy pretended to be working hard.
He seems to be reading in his room.
3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：
I regretted to have told a lie.
I happened to have seen the film.
He is pleased to have met his friend.
2、不定式的句法功能：
1）作主语：
To finish the work in ten minutes is veryhard.
To lose your heart means failure.
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用形式主语it作形式主语，例如上面两句可用如下形式：
It is very hard to finish the work in tenminutes.
It means failure to lose your heart.
2）作表语：
Her job is to clean the hall.
He appears to have caught a cold.
3）作宾语：
常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage,help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如：
Marx found it important to study thesituation in Russia.
动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如：
I have no choice but to stay here.
He did nothing last Sunday but repair hisbike.
动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：
He gave us some advice on how to learnEnglish.
4）作宾语补足语：
在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语: want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade,allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如：
With a lot of work to do, he didn"t go tothe cinema.
有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 如：
I saw him cross the road.
He was seen to cross the road.
5）作定语：
动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：
A）动宾关系：
I have a meeting to attend.
注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如：
He found a good house to live in.
The child has nothing to worry about.
What did you open it with?
如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：
He has no place to live.
This is the best way to work out thisproblem.
如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：
Have you got anything to send?
Have you got anything to be sent?
B）说明所修饰名词的内容：
We have made a plan to finish the work.
C）被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：
He is the first to get here.
6）作状语：
A）表目的：
He worked day and night to get the money.
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.
注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：
wrong： To save money,every means has been tried.
right: To save money, he has tried everymeans.
wrong： To learn Englishwell, a dictionary is needed.
right: To learn English well, he needs adictionary.
B）表结果：
He arrived late to find the train gone.
常用only放在不定式前表示强调：
I visited him only to find him out.
C）表原因：
They were very sad to hear the news.
D）表程度：
It"s too dark for us to see anything.
The question is simple for him to answer.
7）作独立成分：
To tell you the truth, I don"t like the wayhe talked.
8）不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词。
If you don"t want to do it, you don"t needto.
9）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to。
He wished to study medicine and become adoctor.
（二）动名词：动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。
1、动名词的形式：
语态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
否定式：not + 动名词
1）一般式：
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
2）被动式：
He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。
3）完成式：
We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。
4）完成被动式：
He forgot having been taken to Guangzhouwhen he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
5）否定式：not + 动名词
I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。
6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+ 动名词
He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。
His not knowing English troubled him a lot.他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。
2、动名词的句法功能：
1）作主语：
Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。
Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。
当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。
It"s no usequarrelling. 争吵是没用的。
2）作表语：
In the ant city, the queen"s job islaying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。
3）作宾语：
They haven"t finished buildingthe dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。
We have to prevent the air from beingpolluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。
注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句。此外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，例如：
We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。
要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：
enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid（避免）, excuse,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind,permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, can"t stand, can"t help,think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…（from）,protect…from, setabout, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, payattention to, insist on, feel like
4）作定语：
He can"t walk without awalking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。
Is there a swimming pool in your school. 你们学校有游泳池吗？
5）作同位语：
The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。
His habit, listening to the news on theradio remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。
苏州马小云-
* 回复内容中包含的链接未经审核，可能存在风险，暂不予完整展示！从你的例子看，你主要是不清楚不定式和动名词做主语的区别。
不定式和动名词都可在句子中作主语，一般说来, 有下面几点须给予注意：
(1) 不定式一般表示具体的、特定的行为；而-ing分词一般表示抽象的、一般的行为。如：
To complete the program needs much effort. 完成这项计划需要很大的努力。
Riding a bike can make a man smart. 骑单车能使一个人敏捷。
(2) 在疑问句中，只能用动名词的复合结构作主语。如：
Is his speaking reasonable? 她的说话有道理吗？
(3) 在某些句型中通常要用动名词短语作主语。如：It is no use doing…/ It is no good doing… / It is useless doing…/ It is worthwhile doing…如：
It is no use talking your trouble to a man like him. 跟他那样的人谈你的烦恼没有用。
(4) 一般说来，作主语和表语的非谓语动词形式应一致，即：或同时为不定式，或同时为-ing分词。如：
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实(from www.y*******.com)。
但是，在现代英语中，当表语用来说明主语的特定意义或具体内容时，主语和表语的非谓语动词的形式可以不一致，即，主语用动名词，而表语用动词不定式。如：
Waving your hand is to say “Good-bye”. 挥手就是说“再见”。
Nodding your head is to say “Yes”. 点头就是说“对，是的”。
南yi-
意思没多大的区别,都是“眼见为实”的意思
从语法上来讲：
To see is to believe.是不定式做主语及不定式做表语
Seeing is believing.是动名词的用法。动名词作主语和表语。